Ash-Sharh
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| الإنشراح Al-Inshirāh The Solace | |
|---|---|
| Classification | Meccan |
| Alternate titles (Ar.) | Sūrat al-Sharḥ (سورة الشرح) |
| Other names | Comfort, Consolation, Relief, The Expansion, The Expanding, The Opening-Up of the Heart |
| Position | Juzʼ 30 |
| No. of verses | 8 |
| No. of words | 27 |
| Quran |
|---|
Al-Inshirāḥ (Template:Lang-ar, “Solace” or “Comfort”), or al-Sharḥ (Arabic: الشرح, "The Opening-Up of the Heart") [1] is the ninety-fourth chapter (surah) of the Qur'an with eight verses (ayat).
- [2] HAVE we not opened thy breast;[3]
- and eased thee of thy burden,[4]
- which galled thy back;[5]
- and raise thy reputation for thee?
- Verily a difficulty shall be attended with ease.
- Verily a difficulty shall be attended with ease.
- When thou shalt have ended thy preaching; labor to serve God in return for his favours;[6]
- and make thy supplication unto thy LORD.[7]
It's a subject matter seems a continuation of the reassurance and encouragement given in the previous chapter so closely resembles that of Quranic chapter 93 (ad-duha) that both these Surah seem to have been revealed in about the same period under similar conditions.
Regarding the timing and contextual background of the supposed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina. It is typically assumed that this sura is referring to the early days of Muhammad's prophethood, when he would have been unsure about how his people would receive him. Because of subject matter, length, style, and placement in the Qur'an, this sura is often coupled with Surah ad-Dhuha. They are generally considered to have been revealed around the same time.
Summary
- 1-4 God made Muhammad’s mission easy to him
- 5-8 He is exhorted to labour and pray after the mission is ended [8]
The passage asks the reader, who is Muhammad specifically, if God has been a comfort and a remover of obstacles. Whatever personal sorrows this may bring to mind, "Surely, with each difficulty there is ease". This may indeed be the key phrase of this sura; it is repeated in lines 5 and 6. Conversely, the reader is asked to continue their work diligently, even when it grows simple again - for God, Himself is what you are working for.
Theme and subject matter
The aim and object of this Surah too are to console and encourage Muhammad. Before his call, he never had to encounter the conditions which he suddenly had to encounter after it, when he embarked on his mission of inviting the people to Islam. This was by itself a great revolution in his own life of which he had no idea in his life before prophethood. No sooner had he started preaching the message of Islam than the same society which had esteemed him with unique honor, turned hostile to him. The same relatives and friends, the same clansmen and neighbors, who used to treat him with the highest respect, began to shower him with abuse and invective. No one in Makkah was prepared to listen to him; he began to be ridiculed and mocked in the street and on the road, and at every step, he had to face new difficulties. Although gradually he became accustomed to the hardships, even much severer ones, yet the initial stage was very discouraging for him. That is why first Surah Ad-Duha was sent down to console him, and then this Surah.
In it, at the outset, Allah says: "We have favored you, O Prophet, with three great blessings; therefore you have no cause to be disheartened. The first is the blessing of Sharh Sadr (opening up of the chest), the second of removing from you the heavy burden that was weighing down your back before the call, and the third of exalting your renown the like of which has never been granted to any man before." Further below in the notes, we have explained what is implied by each of these blessings and how great and unique these blessings indeed are!
After this, Allah has reassured Muhammad that the period of hardships which he is passing through, is not very long, but following close behind it, there is also a period of ease. This same thing has been described in Surah Ad-Duha, saying: "Every later period is better for you than the former period, and soon your Lord will give you so much that you will be well pleased."
The Surah also repeats the phrase "surely with hardship comes ease," setting a precedent that appears throughout the Quran that any single difficulty faced by Muhammad or his followers would be rewarded twice over (or more).[9]
In conclusion, Muhammad has been instructed, so as to say, "You can develop the power to bear and resist the hardships of the initial stage only by one means, and it is this: `When you are free from your occupations, you should devote yourself to the labor and toil of worship, and turn all your attention exclusively to your Lord'."This same instruction has been given to him in much greater detail in Surah Al-Muzzammil 1-9.
Text
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
1. أَلَمْ نَشْرَحْ لَكَ صَدْرَكَ
2. وَوَضَعْنَا عَنكَ وِزْرَكَ
3. ٱلَّذِىٓ أَنقَضَ ظَهْرَكَ
4. وَرَفَعْنَا لَكَ ذِكْرَكَ
5. فَإِنَّ مَعَ ٱلْعُسْرِ يُسْرًا
6. إِنَّ مَعَ ٱلْعُسْرِ يُسْرًا
7. فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ فَٱنصَبْ
8. وَإِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ فَٱرْغَب
References
- ^ The 1698 Maracci Quran notes some chapters have two or more titles, occasioned by the existence of different copies in the Arabic.(George Sale Preliminary discourse 3)
- ^ Arabic script in Unicode symbol for a Quran verse, U+06DD, page 3, Proposal for additional Unicode characters
- ^ SI: Did We not expand for you, [O Muhammad], your chest?
- ^ SI: And We removed from you your burden
- ^ SI: Which had weighed upon your back
- ^ George Sale noted the variant: When thou shalt have finished thy prayer, labour in preaching the faith
- ^ George Sale AlKoran
- ^ Wherry, Elwood Morris (1896). A Complete Index to Sale's Text, Preliminary Discourse, and Notes. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, and Co.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ The Clear Quran, Mustafa Khattab 2016
External links
Works related to The Holy Qur'an (Maulana Muhammad Ali)/94. The Expansion at Wikisource
