Jump to content

Nouméa-Païta railway

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The printable version is no longer supported and may have rendering errors. Please update your browser bookmarks and please use the default browser print function instead.
Nouméa-Païta railway
Former station platform of Païta
Overview
StatusSuppressed
Locale New Caledonia
Termini
Stations8
History
Opened1904
Closed1940
Technical
Line length29 km (18 mi)
Number of tracksSingle track
Track gauge1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)
Nouméa-Païta railway
Legend
km
0
 Nouméa
Nouméa Rivière Salée
Auteuil
Tunnel de Tonghoué
 Col de Tonghoué
La Ouanéoué
17
 Dumbéa
La Dumbéa
 Nondoué
Tunnel de lErambéré
Karikouié
 Mont Mou
29
 Païta

The Nouméa-Païta railway was, apart from several narrow gauge industrial railway lines, the only metre-gauge railway line serving New Caledonia. It was opened in December 1914 between Nouméa, the capital, and Dumbéa in 1904 and extended to Païta in 1914. The 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) narrow gauge railway traveled the 29 kilometers (18 mi) between the two cities in one hour and fifteen minutes.

History

The idea of a railway connecting Nouméa to Canala on the North coast of the island 166 km (103 mi) Northwest of Noumea was first approved by governor Pallu de la Barrière in 1884. But money failed as the Conseil General hesitated to give the required loan necessary for the enterprise.[1] The following governor Paul Feillet was able to elect a Conseil General who borrowed the sum necessary for the execution of a program of works including the construction of a railway.

The line was inaugurated August 17 1901, but opened to users first on December 30 1904. The ambitious initial project had been considerably truncated as the line stopped at Dumbéa. The deep cut to bring the line across a hill and the Tonghoué Tunnel, generated work for four years and created some permanent jobs. But the line carried passengers and goods only seventeen kilometers, to the cost of more than four and a half million francs.

In 1908, the Société des Charbonnages de Nouvelle-Calédonie, which exploited the deposits of Nondoué, proposed to build at its own expense a Dumbéa-Païta section. The Conseil General adopted the project, contracted a new loan and the works. The new section, which required the construction of a 79 m (259 ft) bridge over the Dumbéa and the opening of a second tunnel, was to require four years of work. On January 1, 1914 the Nouméa-Païta line was inaugurated, with twenty-nine kilometers traveled in a little over an hour and a half, with ten stops and a compulsory stop at Dumbéa, between the departure station and the arrival station.

The operating accounts were balanced in 1908 but from 1912 the situation began to decline. The reasons were epidemic of plague, the Great War, the competition of buses in the twenties and the world economic crisis. In November 1939, a decision was made to temporarily stop the operation of the railway. The Nouméa-Païta railway closed on 1 January 1940 owing to low ridership, the deficit of the company and rolling stock and tracks in poor condition.

In April 1942, the American 790th Railway Transportation Company reopened the line to operate railways for the Allied presence on New Caledonia.[2][3][4]

After the Americans left the line was abandoned and demolished. The remains of the former railway station of Païta remain in the north of the town. The loading platform and the ramp are well-preserved and the foundations of various buildings are still visible. A small locomotive, nicknamed Marguerite, is preserved on the former railway ground. The locomotive was used until 1940.[5] The narrow gauge track, however, was dismantled and the former alignment of the railway track is no longer visible.

Route

The line counted eight stations within the three municipalities of the Southern Province. It started in Nouméa city centre and counted a secondary station in the ward (Grand Quartier) of Riviére Salée.[6] It crossed the villages of Auteuil and Col de Tonghoué before entering Dumbéa. After, the line crossed the village of Nondoué and Mount Mou, the nearby mountain,[7] a few kilometres before the last station, Païta. It counted a pair of tunnels (Tunnel de Tonghoué and Tunnel de l'Erambéré) and three bridges over the rivers La Ouanéoué, La Dumbéa and Karikouié.

  • Locomotive Marguerite
    Locomotive Marguerite
  • Former station of Païta
    Former station of Païta

Locomotives

Manufacturer Works No Year Power Type Gauge Weight Name Remarks
Decauville N° 637 1911 Steam 2-6-0T 1,000 mm 27,5 t I. Puech [8]
Decauville N° 638 1911 Steam 2-6-0T 1,000 mm 27,5 t C. Caulry [8]
L. Corpet & L Louvet Steam 0-6-0T 1,000 mm ca. 25-30 t Courbet [8]
L. Corpet & L Louvet Steam 0-6-0T 1,000 mm ca. 25-30 t P. Feillet [8]
Orenstein & Koppel 1930 Steam 0-6-0T 1,000 mm ca. 20 t Rot[8]
Orenstein & Koppel 1930 Steam 0-6-0T 1,000 mm ca. 20 t Schwarz[8]
General Electric USA 7755 May 1943 Diesel 0-6-0 1,000 mm 25 t [8]
General Electric USA 7756 May 1943 Diesel 0-6-0 1,000 mm 25 t [8]
E. E. Baculey, Burton-on-Trent 1941 Diesel 0-4-0 1,000 mm No. 2 [8]
Brookville Diesel 0-4-0 1,000 mm Two small diesel engines[8]
Locally built 0-4-0 1,000 mm Shunter with Jeep engine[8]

References

  1. ^ ""101 Mots pour comprendre l'Histoire de la Nouvelle-Calédonie" (Ouvrage collectif ; Ile de Lumière 1997)".
  2. ^ "Military railway of New Caledonia" (Google Books)
  3. ^ Infos on angelfire.com
  4. ^ "The Transportation Corps" (Google Books)
  5. ^ Pierre Grundmann: Nouvelle Calédonie, p. 110. Paris 2012
  6. ^ (in French) See also: fr:Quartiers de Nouméa
  7. ^ "Mont Mou on peakery.com". Archived from the original on 2014-04-07. Retrieved 2014-04-01.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k A.N. Palmer: Railways of New Caledonia. Juni 1945. The N.Z. Railway Observer, S. 39-45.

Media related to Rail transport in New Caledonia at Wikimedia Commons

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Nouméa-Païta_railway&oldid=1239574066"