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Pe Ell, Washington

Coordinates: 46°34′17″N 123°17′49″W / 46.57139°N 123.29694°W / 46.57139; -123.29694
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Pe Ell, Washington
Town
Location of Pe Ell, Washington
Location of Pe Ell, Washington
Coordinates: 46°34′17″N 123°17′49″W / 46.57139°N 123.29694°W / 46.57139; -123.29694[1]
CountryUnited States
StateWashington
CountyLewis
Area
[2]
 • Total
0.60 sq mi (1.55 km2)
 • Land0.59 sq mi (1.53 km2)
 • Water0.01 sq mi (0.02 km2)
Elevation
420 ft (128 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total
642
 • Density1,142.13/sq mi (440.62/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific (PST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (PDT)
ZIP code
98572
Area code360
FIPS code53-53930
GNIS feature ID1507338[3]
Websitewww.townofpeell.com

Pe Ell (/piːɛl/) is a town in Lewis County, Washington, United States. The population was 642 at the 2020 census.[4]

Etymology

The community was almost named Mauermanna, name after one of the first non-indigenous settlers in the area, Joe Mauermann, who objected to the honor.[5] The name Pe Ell was chosen and there are several versions of the backstory of the moniker, none of which can be authenticated.

The more accepted version is that the name comes from the attempts of the local Indians to pronounce the first name of an early French-Canadian settler, Pierre Charles, who was an ex-Hudson's Bay employee. The account has it that the Indians could not pronounce Pierre, and their attempts turned it into Pe Ell.[6] Another rendition is that P and L were the first initials for Pierre Charles and his Indian wife. Two words were made from the initials: "Pe Ell".[citation needed] A differing, distinct account is that Charlie Pershell, a Frenchman, settled in the area and married an Indian woman. The Indians found it difficult to sound out the "sh" in Pershell so it became Pe Ell.[7] A separate story mentions the railroad map designated the spot as PL, and that became the name.[citation needed]

History

Pe Ell station along the construction route of Yakima and Pacific Coast Railroad, ca. 1890-1892

In 1897, the North Pacific Railway built a railroad depot in the town. In 1907, Pe Ell's population was around 1,000—larger than it is today. The rich agricultural and timber resources of the region attracted farmers, millworkers, and loggers. By 1909, the town had a bank, three dry goods stores, two general stores, three grocery stores, two barber shops, five saloons, four hotels, a newspaper, a blacksmith, and even an opera house.

Pe Ell was officially incorporated on March 9, 1906.

The community was once home to the Rock Creek sanitorium in the 1930s. Owned by both Lewis and Pacific counties, it was overseen by Dr. Angus MacMillan who also managed a similar tuberculosis hospital in Forest, Washington during the 1940s.[8]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.59 square miles (1.53 km2), all of it land.[9] State Route 6 passes through the town and connects it to Chehalis in the east and Raymond in the west.

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1910838—
19208612.7%
19308913.5%
1940825−7.4%
1950787−4.6%
1960593−24.7%
1970582−1.9%
19806176.0%
1990547−11.3%
200065720.1%
2010632−3.8%
20206421.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[10]
2020 Census[4]

2010 census

As of the 2010 census,[11] there were 632 people, 259 households, and 169 families living in the town. The population density was 1,071.2 inhabitants per square mile (413.6/km2). There were 290 housing units at an average density of 491.5 per square mile (189.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 91.3% White, 0.2% African American, 3.2% Native American, 1.7% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.3% of the population.

There were 259 households, of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.7% were non-families. 26.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the town was 40 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.4% were from 25 to 44; 26.6% were from 45 to 64; and 17.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

2000 census

As of the 2000 census, there were 657 people, 248 households, and 174 families living in the town. The population density was 1,099.7 people per square mile (422.8/km2). There were 289 housing units at an average density of 483.7 per square mile (186.0/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 93.15% White, 0.30% African American, 2.28% Native American, 0.91% Asian, 0.61% Pacific Islander, 1.07% from other races, and 1.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.28% of the population. 23.5% were of American, 15.1% English, 12.8% German, 9.9% Irish and 8.5% Polish ancestry.

There were 248 households, out of which 33.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.8% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. 23.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.17.

In the town, the age distribution of the population shows 30.6% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $27,321, and the median income for a family was $30,625. Males had a median income of $36,875 versus $18,125 for females. The per capita income for the town was $12,481. About 20.0% of families and 22.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 32.7% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.

Arts and culture

Historic buildings and sites

Pe Ell was home to Holy Cross Polish National Catholic Church, listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) in 1987. Constructed in 1916, it was the only known Polish church of its kind in the state. The building was razed in 2010 due to a combination of disrepair and lack of funding.[12] A former existing site, the Weyerhaeuser Pe Ell Bridge, was designated an NRHP site in 1982 but removed in 1990.

Parks and recreation

The town is the starting point of the Pe Ell River Run. Begun as a birthday celebration between a local group of young men in 1978, the event consists of entrants buying or building water crafts and floating down the Chehalis River from Pe Ell to Rainbow Falls State Park, where riders can float over a slight waterfall that still remains despite severe flooding damage due to the Great Coastal Gale of 2007.[13][14]

The Willapa Hills Trail bisects the town.[15]

Government and politics

Local Politics

The city of Pe Ell has historically used local law enforcement staff, rather than the county sheriff's department, for policing. The last Pe Ell town marshal formally retired on April 1, 2019.[16] The town went through several years of intermittent local police coverage, with the county sheriff's department filling in when the marshal's office was vacant.[17] In 2022, Pe Ell reached an agreement with the city of Morton to outsource police coverage.[18] Since then, the Morton has provided part-time police coverage to the town, along with Mossyrock.

The town is governed by an elected Mayor,[19] along with a town council of 5 members.[20]

Similar to other towns within Lewis County, Pe Ell is recognized as being majority Republican and conservative.

Education

The Pe Ell School District provides public education from preschool to 12th grade.[21] The Pe Ell School occupies a single campus and students attend from Pe Ell, as well as the nearby unincorporated communities of Doty and Dryad.

The first public education building erected in Pe Ell was a one-room school constructed in 1882. The schoolhouse was built of split cedar and funded by donations; twelve students attended the first year. The growing population led to the construction of a new, larger Central school beginning in 1892 only to find an expansion necessary in 1913, with a gymnasium added in 1921. A wing for agricultural vocational education was added in 1936, a class popular enough to require an expansion by 1938. The combined Pe Ell elementary and high school, furnished with a library and athletic fields, was completed at the end of 1952.[22]

The Pe Ell high school boys' basketball team and the girls' softball team won state championships in 2010. The softball team also won a state title in 2012, and a combined championship with Willapa Valley in 2017.[23]

References

  1. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  2. ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
  3. ^ "Pe Ell". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  4. ^ a b "2020 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File". American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 16, 2022.
  5. ^ "Pe Ell Near to County Line". The Daily Chronicle. June 6, 1953. p. 25C. Retrieved October 15, 2024.
  6. ^ "Unusual names, odd spellings found in Washington". The Spokesman-Review. December 24, 1977. pp. A12. Retrieved May 20, 2015.
  7. ^ A History of Pe Ell, Washington and the Upper Chehalis River Valley, Chapter 4 by Ray Graves
  8. ^ "Former Point Man Medical Director At Sanatorium In West". Stevens Point Journal. May 25, 1939. p. 1. Retrieved October 24, 2024.
  9. ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2012.
  10. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". Census.gov. Retrieved June 7, 2013.
  11. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 19, 2012.
  12. ^ Brewer, Christopher (March 5, 2010). "Pe Ell Says Farewell to Historic Polish Church". The Chronicle. Retrieved April 17, 2024.
  13. ^ Brown, Alex (April 17, 2018). "Swollen Chehalis Doesn't Impede River Run Revelry". The Chronicle. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
  14. ^ Collucci, Paula (April 13, 2009). "Pe Ell River Runners Hit the Rapids". The Chronicle. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
  15. ^ "Willapa Hills State Park Trail". parks.state.wa.us. Washington State Parks.
  16. ^ "Pe Ell Town Marshal to Retire After 39 Years in Law Enforcement". The Daily Chronicle. March 15, 2019. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
  17. ^ Chronicle, The (September 16, 2020). "Pe Ell Votes Against Certifying Marshal, Town Left With No Police Presence of Its Own". The Daily Chronicle. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
  18. ^ "Morton Council Approves Pe Ell Police Contract". The Daily Chronicle. October 5, 2022. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
  19. ^ "Mayor". Town of Pe Ell. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
  20. ^ "Town Council". Town of Pe Ell. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
  21. ^ "Pe Ell School District". Retrieved April 2, 2024.
  22. ^ "Pe Ell Had First School in 1882; Built of Split Cedar". The Daily Chronicle. June 6, 1953. p. C. Retrieved October 17, 2024.
  23. ^ VanTuyl, Aaron (December 31, 2019). "A Decade in Review: Looking Back at the Best of the 2010s". The Chronicle. Retrieved April 2, 2024.
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