Pleocyemata

Pleocyemata; Temporal range: Devonian–recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Ovigerous female Potamon fluviatile with the pleon held open to show the eggs held on the pleopods
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Malacostraca
Order:	Decapoda
Suborder:	Pleocyemata; Burkenroad, 1963
Infraorders
	Stenopodidea; Caridea; Procarididea; Reptantia Achelata; Polychelida; Glypheidea; Astacidea; Axiidea; Gebiidea; Anomura; Brachyura; ;

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Pleocyemata is a suborder of decapod crustaceans, erected by Martin Burkenroad in 1963.^[1] Burkenroad's classification replaced the earlier sub-orders of Natantia and Reptantia with the monophyletic groups Dendrobranchiata (prawns) and Pleocyemata. Pleocyemata contains all the members of the Reptantia (including crabs, lobsters, crayfish, and others), as well as the Stenopodidea (which contains the so-called "boxer shrimp" or "barber-pole shrimp"), and Caridea, which contains the true shrimp.

Anatomy

All members of the Pleocyemata are united by a number of features, the most important of which is that the fertilised eggs are incubated by the female, and remain stuck to the pleopods (swimming legs) until the zoea larvae are ready to hatch. It is this characteristic that gives the group its name. Pleocyemata also possess a lamellar gill structure as opposed to the branches found in the Dendrobranchiata.

Systematics

The cladogram below shows Pleocyemata as the sister clade to Dendrobranchiata within the larger order Decapoda, from analysis by Wolfe et al., 2019.^[2]

Decapoda

	Dendrobranchiata (prawns)

Pleocyemata

Stenopodidea (boxer shrimp)

	Procarididea

	Caridea ("true" shrimp)

Reptantia

Achelata (spiny lobsters and slipper lobsters)

	Polychelida (benthic crustaceans)

	Astacidea (lobsters and crayfish)

Axiidea (mud shrimp, ghost shrimp, and burrowing shrimp)

Gebiidea (mud lobsters and mud shrimp)

	Anomura (hermit crabs and allies)

	Brachyura ("true" crabs)

(crawling /
walking
decapods)

Pleocyemata comprises the following infraorders:^[3]

Stenopodidea (stenopodidean shrimp)
Caridea (caridean shrimp)
Procarididea
Achelata (spiny, slipper, and furry lobsters)
Polychelida (benthic crustaceans)
Glypheidea (glypheoid lobsters)
Astacidea (true lobsters, reef lobsters, and crayfish)
Axiidea (mud lobsters and ghost shrimp)
Gebiidea (mud lobsters and mud shrimp)
Anomura (squat lobsters, hermit crabs, and relatives)
Brachyura (true crabs)

The earliest fossil representative is the Devonian Palaeopalaemon.^[4]

References

^ Burkenroad, M. D. (1963). "The evolution of the Eucarida (Crustacea, Eumalacostraca), in relation to the fossil record". Tulane Studies in Geology. 2 (1): 1–17.
^ Wolfe, Joanna M.; Breinholt, Jesse W.; Crandall, Keith A.; Lemmon, Alan R.; Lemmon, Emily Moriarty; Timm, Laura E.; Siddall, Mark E.; Bracken-Grissom, Heather D. (24 April 2019). "A phylogenomic framework, evolutionary timeline and genomic resources for comparative studies of decapod crustaceans". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 286 (1901). doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.0079. PMC 6501934. PMID 31014217.
^ Sammy De Grave; N. Dean Pentcheff; Shane T. Ahyong; et al. (2009). "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Suppl. 21: 1–109.
^ Robert P. D. Crean (November 14, 2004). "Order Decapoda: Fossil record and evolution". University of Bristol. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved January 2, 2010.

External links

Data related to Pleocyemata at Wikispecies

[1] Burkenroad, M. D. (1963). "The evolution of the Eucarida (Crustacea, Eumalacostraca), in relation to the fossil record". Tulane Studies in Geology. 2 (1): 1–17.

[Wolfe2019-2] Wolfe, Joanna M.; Breinholt, Jesse W.; Crandall, Keith A.; Lemmon, Alan R.; Lemmon, Emily Moriarty; Timm, Laura E.; Siddall, Mark E.; Bracken-Grissom, Heather D. (24 April 2019). "A phylogenomic framework, evolutionary timeline and genomic resources for comparative studies of decapod crustaceans". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 286 (1901). doi:10.1098/rspb.2019.0079. PMC 6501934. PMID 31014217.

[Grave-3] Sammy De Grave; N. Dean Pentcheff; Shane T. Ahyong; et al. (2009). "A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod crustaceans" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. Suppl. 21: 1–109.

[4] Robert P. D. Crean (November 14, 2004). "Order Decapoda: Fossil record and evolution". University of Bristol. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved January 2, 2010.

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