Pterocladiaceae
| Pterocladiaceae | |
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| Illustration of Pterocladia capillacea from Icones of Japanese algae, 1913 | |
Scientific classification 
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| Clade: | Archaeplastida |
| Division: | Rhodophyta |
| Class: | Florideophyceae |
| Order: | Gelidiales |
| Family: | Pterocladiaceae Kung Chu Fan, 1961 |
| Synonyms | |
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Pterocladiastrum | |
The Pterocladiaceae is a small family of red algae containing 2 genera of agarophytes.[1]
They are found growing on the coast of Portugal, South Africa, India, Japan, Mexico, Chile and New Zealand.[2]
From the Gelidiales order, Gelidium J.V. Lamouroux and Pterocladia J. Agardh, are two of the most widespread genera (which have been often confused for each other) of the Gelidiaceae family. They are separated only by basic features of cystocarps (fruiting structures). The genus Pterocladiella Santelices et Hommersand was later established to segregate from Pterocladia those species with distinct carposporophyte developmental characters (Santelices and Hommersand 1997).[3]
Molecular analyses of taxa within the Gelidiales have identified four major lineages equivalent to Gelidiella, Pterocladia and Pterocladiella as sister taxa, and a fourth large clade including species of Acanthopeltis, Gelidium, Ptilophora, Porphyroglossum and Capreolia (Freshwater et al. 1995, Bailey and Freshwater 1997, Freshwater and Bailey 1998, Shimada et al. 1999).[3]
So the family of Pterocladiaceae was derived in 2006 to hold the genera of Pterocladia and Pterocladiella.[3]
Type genus is Pterocladia J. Agardh (1851: xi)[3]
Taxonomy
The family name of Pterocladiaceae is derived from the genus Pterocladia, which is derived from the Greek words pteron meaning wing and clados meaning branch.[4]
Genera
- Pterocladia J.Agardh, 1851 (8)
- Pterocladiella B.Santelices & M.H.Hommersand, 1997 (14)
Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per genus.[5]
Uses
Agar can be derived from many types of red seaweeds, including those from families such as Gelidiaceae, Gracilariaceae, Gelidiellaceae and Pterocladiaceae (including Pterocladiella,[6]). It is a polysaccharide located in the inner part of the red algal cell wall. It is used in food material, medicines, cosmetics, therapeutic and biotechnology industries.[2][7]
References
- ^ Fan, K.-C. 1961. Morphological studies of the Gelidiales. University of California Publications in Botany 32: [i–iv], 315–368, 15 figs, Plates 33–46.
- ^ a b Richard Koplik, Karel Cejpek and Jan Velisek The Chemistry of Food (2020), p. 296, at Google Books
- ^ a b c d Perrone, Cesira; Felicini, Gianni P.; Bottalico, Antonella (January 2006). "The prostrate system of the Gelidiales: Diagnostic and taxonomic importance". Botanica Marina. 49 (1): 23–33. doi:10.1515/BOT.2006.003. S2CID 84290787.
- ^ Dr. Peter Jarvis The Pelagic Dictionary of Natural History of the British Isles: Descriptions ... (2020), p. 2196, at Google Books
- ^ a b "Pterocladiaceae". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 5 August 2022.
- ^ Wang, Xulei; Yan, Shuheng; Wang, Yongqiang; Sun, Zhongmin; Xia, Bangmei; Wang, Guangce (2020). "Study of the phylogeny and distribution of Pterocladiella (Pterocladiaceae, Rhodophyta) from China". Phycologia. 59 (2): 165–176. doi:10.1080/00318884.2020.1717909. S2CID 214174890.
- ^ Mohammed Kuddus and Roohi (editors) Bioplastics for Sustainable Development (2021), p. 317, at Google Books
Other sources
- Kamiya, M., Lindstrom, S.C., Nakayama, T., Yokoyama, A., Lin, S.-M., Guiry, M.D., Gurgel, F.D.G., Huisman, J.M., Kitayama, T., Suzuki, M., Cho, T.O. & Frey, W. 2017. Rhodophyta. In: Syllabus of Plant Families, 13th ed. Part 2/2: Photoautotrophic eukaryotic Algae. (Frey, W. Eds), pp. [i]–xii, [1]–171. Stuttgart: Borntraeger Science Publishers. ISBN 978-3-443-01094-2.