Sphaeralcea ambigua
| Desert globemallow | |
|---|---|
| |
| Desert globemallow Sphaeralcea ambigua var. ambigua | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Malvaceae |
| Genus: | Sphaeralcea |
| Species: | S. ambigua
|
| Binomial name | |
| Sphaeralcea ambigua | |
Sphaeralcea ambigua, is a species of flowering plant commonly known as desert globemallow or apricot mallow, for it's predominantly orange blooms. It is a member of the genus Sphaeralcea in the mallow family (Malvaceae).[1]
It is a perennial shrub native to parts of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico in the United States and Sonora and Baja California in northwest Mexico.[1][2] It grows well in alkaline soil, both sandy or clay, usually in the company of creosote bush scrub and desert chaparral habitats, at 150–2,500 metres (490–8,200 ft) in elevation. It is found in the Mojave Desert, Great Basin desert, and Sonoran Desert ecoregions.[2] It is a larval host to the common checkered skipper, northern white skipper, painted lady, small checkered skipper, and West Coast lady.[3]
Description
[edit]Sphaeralcea ambigua grows to 3 feet (0.91 m) in height and spreads to 2–3 feet (0.61–0.91 m) in width.[4] The leaves (see image) are fuzzy with white hairs on both sides, lobed, palmately veined, and on long stems, the number of which increase with age. The fruit is a brown capsule containing numerous seeds, first quite spherical as implied by the genus name, later flattening to a disk. The flowers are bowl-shaped, five-petaled, apricot to orange in color (although morphs may be white or light pink[5]), and blooming in the spring.[2]
Varieties
[edit]Sphaeralcea ambigua has eight or nine named varieties.[6] They include:
- Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray var. ambigua [7]
- Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray var. aculeata Jeps. (synonym for S. a. var. ambigua) [8]
- Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray var. rosacea (Munz & I.M. Johnst.) Kearney [9]
- Sphaeralcea ambigua A. Gray var. rugosa (Kearney) Kearney [10]
Uses
[edit]
Native Peoples Use
[edit]The plant is used by members of the Shoshoni tribe of Native Americans, as well as other Indigenous people and settlers in the region, as a food source and medicinal plant.[11]
Cultivation
[edit]Sphaeralcea ambigua is cultivated as an ornamental plant by specialty plant nurseries for use in desert and drought tolerant gardens, and a native plant its desert region's natural landscaping and habitat restoration projects.[4] It requires the following conditions:[4]
- Exposure: full sun
- Water: natural rainfall; supplemental water will increase flowering
- Soil: sandy desert soil, tolerant of some clay, prefers good drainage
- Propagation: easy by seed; tricky by vegetative cuttings; best results from first flush of new spring growth
- Maintenance: low, periodically cut back to keep vegetative look
It is winter hardy in USDA Zones 6–10, withstanding temperatures as low as -10F.[12]
Against Invasive Species
[edit]Sphaeralcea ambigua has been proven as a good combatant to invasive species[13][14] (such as cheatgrass) where S. ambigua is a native plant. This is partially due to globemallow being a relatively fast grower with widespread populations.
References
[edit]- ^ a b NRCS. "Sphaeralcea ambigua". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
- ^ a b c Jepson eFlora, The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley
- ^ The Xerces Society (2016), Gardening for Butterflies: How You Can Attract and Protect Beautiful, Beneficial Insects, Timber Press.
- ^ a b c University of Arizona Pima County Cooperative Extension - Master Gardeners . accessed 11.11.2011
- ^ Messinger, Olivia J (2013). The role of visual and olfactory cues in host recognition for the specialist bee genus Diadasia, and implications for the evolution of host choice (Thesis). ProQuest 1429780172.[page needed]
- ^ Jepson Taxon Report: Taxon Report . accessed 11.11.2011
- ^ Jepson - var. ambigua . accessed 11.11.2011
- ^ Jepson var. aculeata/ambigua . accessed 11.11.2011
- ^ Jepson - var. rosacea . accessed 11.11.2011
- ^ Jepson - var. rugosa . accessed 11.11.2011
- ^ Native American Ethnobotany (University of Michigan - Dearborn) . accessed 11.11.2011
- ^ Miller, George Oxford (2022-03-08). Native Plant Gardening for Birds, Bees & Butterflies: Southern California. Adventure Publications. ISBN 978-1-64755-191-9.
- ^ "Revegetation Strategies for Ecological Restoration - ProQuest". www.proquest.com. Retrieved 2024-11-21.
- ^ "Revegetation Strategies for Ecological Restoration - ProQuest". www.proquest.com. Retrieved 2024-11-21.
External links
[edit]
- Sphaeralcea
- Flora of the Sonoran Deserts
- Flora of the California desert regions
- Flora of the Great Basin
- Flora of Arizona
- Flora of Nevada
- Flora of Baja California
- Flora of Sonora
- Flora of Utah
- Natural history of the Colorado Desert
- Natural history of the Mojave Desert
- Garden plants of North America
- Drought-tolerant plants