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Seniority in the United States House of Representatives

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This is a complete list of current members of the United States House of Representatives based on seniority. For the most part, representatives are ranked by the beginning of their terms in office. Representatives whose terms begin the same day are ranked alphabetically by last name.

Seniority calculation

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Seniority is calculated by:

  1. Number of total terms served (subtracting one term from the number of non-consecutive terms)
  2. Number of consecutive terms served
  3. Alphabetically by last name[1]

An additional clause applies for representatives that have a prior tenure of less than two terms. In this case, they will have preference over all other members who are freshmen by tenure.[citation needed]

An example of this ranking system is Rep. Pete Sessions had previously served eleven terms, from 1997 to 2019 (after his defeat in the 2018 midterms), when he was once again elected in 2020. Instead of holding seniority with others whose terms began January 3, 2021, he was credited with ten terms, and holds seniority above all representatives whose terms began on or after January 3, 2001.

Benefits of seniority

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Committee leadership in the House is often associated with seniority, especially in the Democratic Caucus. The Republican leadership, in comparison with the Democratic Party, prioritizes voting records and campaign fundraising over seniority for committee leadership.[2] Party leadership in the House is not strictly associated with seniority.

The more senior a representative is, the more likely the representative is to receive desirable committee assignments or leadership posts. Seniority also affects access to more desirable office space in the House Office Buildings:[3] after an office is vacated, members next in seniority can choose whether to move into it. Only after allocations for existing members are complete can incoming members be assigned offices via the congressional office lottery.[4]

Vacancies

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Current seniority list

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Rank Member Party District Seniority date Previous service[a]
Committee and leadership positions
1 Hal Rogers R Kentucky 5 January 3, 1981 Dean of the House
2 Chris Smith R New Jersey 4  
3 Steny Hoyer D Maryland 5 May 19, 1981
4 Marcy Kaptur D Ohio 9 January 3, 1983
5 Nancy Pelosi D California 11 June 2, 1987 Speaker Emerita of the House
6 Frank Pallone D New Jersey 6 November 8, 1988 Ranking Member: Energy and Commerce
7 Richard Neal D Massachusetts 1 January 3, 1989 Ranking Member: Ways and Means
8 Rosa DeLauro D Connecticut 3 January 3, 1991 Ranking Member: Appropriations
9 Maxine Waters D California 43 Ranking Member: Financial Services
10 Jerry Nadler D New York 12 November 3, 1992  
11 Sanford Bishop D Georgia 2 January 3, 1993
12 Ken Calvert R California 41
13 Jim Clyburn D South Carolina 6
14 Bobby Scott D Virginia 3 Ranking Member: Education and the Workforce
15 Nydia Velázquez D New York 7 Ranking Member: Small Business
16 Bennie Thompson D Mississippi 2 April 13, 1993 Ranking Member: Homeland Security
17 Frank Lucas R Oklahoma 3 May 10, 1994  
18 Lloyd Doggett D Texas 37 January 3, 1995
19 Zoe Lofgren D California 18 Ranking Member: Science, Space and Technology
20 Robert Aderholt R Alabama 4 January 3, 1997  
21 Danny Davis D Illinois 7
22 Diana DeGette D Colorado 1
23 Jim McGovern D Massachusetts 2 Ranking Member: Rules
24 Brad Sherman D California 32  
25 Adam Smith D Washington 9 Ranking Member: Armed Services
26 Gregory Meeks D New York 5 February 3, 1998 Ranking Member: Foreign Affairs
27 John B. Larson D Connecticut 1 January 3, 1999  
28 Jan Schakowsky D Illinois 9
29 Mike Simpson R Idaho 2
30 Mike Thompson D California 4
31 Pete Sessions R Texas 17 January 3, 2021 1997–2019
32 Sam Graves R Missouri 6 January 3, 2001 Chair: Transportation and Infrastructure
33 Rick Larsen D Washington 2 Ranking Member: Transportation and Infrastructure
34 Betty McCollum D Minnesota 4  
35 Stephen Lynch D Massachusetts 8 October 16, 2001
36 Joe Wilson R South Carolina 2 December 18, 2001
37 John Carter R Texas 31 January 3, 2003
38 Tom Cole R Oklahoma 4 Chair: Appropriations
39 Mario Díaz-Balart R Florida 26  
40 Raúl Grijalva D Arizona 7
41 Mike Rogers R Alabama 3 Chair: Armed Services
42 Linda Sánchez D California 38  
43 David Scott D Georgia 13
44 Mike Turner R Ohio 10 Chair: Intelligence
45 Darrell Issa R California 48 January 3, 2021 2001–2019  
46 Emanuel Cleaver D Missouri 5 January 3, 2005
47 Jim Costa D California 21
48 Henry Cuellar D Texas 28
49 Virginia Foxx R North Carolina 5
50 Al Green D Texas 9
51 Michael McCaul R Texas 10
52 Gwen Moore D Wisconsin 4
53 Debbie Wasserman Schultz D Florida 25
54 Doris Matsui D California 7 March 8, 2005
55 Gus Bilirakis R Florida 12 January 3, 2007
56 Vern Buchanan R Florida 16
57 Kathy Castor D Florida 14
58 Yvette Clarke D New York 9
59 Steve Cohen D Tennessee 9
60 Joe Courtney D Connecticut 2
61 Hank Johnson D Georgia 4
62 Jim Jordan R Ohio 4 Chair: Judiciary
63 Adrian Smith R Nebraska 3  
64 Bob Latta R Ohio 5 December 11, 2007
65 Rob Wittman R Virginia 1
66 André Carson D Indiana 7 March 11, 2008
67 Steve Scalise R Louisiana 1 May 3, 2008 Majority Leader
68 Gerry Connolly D Virginia 11 January 3, 2009 Ranking Member: Oversight and Accountability
69 Brett Guthrie R Kentucky 2 Chair: Energy and Commerce
70 Jim Himes D Connecticut 4 Ranking Member: Intelligence
71 Tom McClintock R California 5  
72 Chellie Pingree D Maine 1
73 Glenn Thompson R Pennsylvania 15 Chair: Agriculture
74 Paul Tonko D New York 20  
75 Mike Quigley D Illinois 5 April 7, 2009
76 Judy Chu D California 28 July 14, 2009
77 John Garamendi D California 8 November 3, 2009
78 Tim Walberg R Michigan 5 January 3, 2011 2007–2009 Chair: Education and the Workforce
79 Bill Foster D Illinois 11 January 3, 2013 2008–2011  
80 Kweisi Mfume D Maryland 7 April 28, 2020 1987–1996
81 Rick Crawford R Arkansas 1 January 3, 2011
82 Scott DesJarlais R Tennessee 4
83 Chuck Fleischmann R Tennessee 3
84 Paul Gosar R Arizona 9
85 Morgan Griffith R Virginia 9
86 Andy Harris R Maryland 1
87 Bill Huizenga R Michigan 4
88 Bill Keating D Massachusetts 9
89 Mike Kelly R Pennsylvania 16
90 David Schweikert R Arizona 1
91 Austin Scott R Georgia 8
92 Terri Sewell D Alabama 7
93 Daniel Webster R Florida 11
94 Frederica Wilson D Florida 24
95 Steve Womack R Arkansas 3
96 Mark Amodei R Nevada 2 September 13, 2011
97 Suzanne Bonamici D Oregon 1 January 31, 2012
98 Suzan DelBene D Washington 1 November 6, 2012
99 Thomas Massie R Kentucky 4
100 Dina Titus D Nevada 1 January 3, 2013 2009–2011
101 Andy Barr R Kentucky 6
102 Joyce Beatty D Ohio 3
103 Ami Bera D California 6
104 Julia Brownley D California 26
105 Joaquin Castro D Texas 20
106 Lois Frankel D Florida 22
107 Richard Hudson R North Carolina 9
108 Jared Huffman D California 2 Ranking Member: Natural Resources
109 Hakeem Jeffries D New York 8 Minority Leader
110 David Joyce R Ohio 14  
111 Doug LaMalfa R California 1
112 Grace Meng D New York 6
113 Scott Perry R Pennsylvania 10
114 Scott Peters D California 50
115 Mark Pocan D Wisconsin 2
116 Raul Ruiz D California 25
117 Eric Swalwell D California 14
118 Mark Takano D California 39 Ranking Member: Veterans' Affairs
119 Juan Vargas D California 52  
120 Marc Veasey D Texas 33
121 Ann Wagner R Missouri 2
122 Randy Weber R Texas 14
123 Roger Williams R Texas 25 Chair: Small Business
124 Robin Kelly D Illinois 2 April 9, 2013  
125 Jason Smith R Missouri 8 June 4, 2013 Chair: Ways and Means
126 Katherine Clark D Massachusetts 5 December 10, 2013 Minority Whip
127 Alma Adams D North Carolina 12 November 4, 2014  
128 Donald Norcross D New Jersey 1
129 Ed Case D Hawaii 1 January 3, 2019 2002–2007
130 Pete Aguilar D California 33 January 3, 2015 Democratic Caucus Chair
131 Rick Allen R Georgia 12  
132 Brian Babin R Texas 36 Chair: Science, Space and Technology
133 Don Beyer D Virginia 8  
134 Mike Bost R Illinois 12 Chair: Veterans' Affairs
135 Brendan Boyle D Pennsylvania 2 Ranking Member: Budget
136 Buddy Carter R Georgia 1  
137 Mark DeSaulnier D California 10
138 Debbie Dingell D Michigan 6
139 Tom Emmer R Minnesota 6 Majority Whip
140 Glenn Grothman R Wisconsin 6  
141 French Hill R Arkansas 2 Chair: Financial Services
142 Ted Lieu D California 36  
143 Barry Loudermilk R Georgia 11
144 John Moolenaar R Michigan 2
145 Seth Moulton D Massachusetts 6
146 Dan Newhouse R Washington 4
147 Gary Palmer R Alabama 6
148 David Rouzer R North Carolina 7
149 Elise Stefanik R New York 21 Republican Conference Chairwoman
150 Norma Torres D California 35  
151 Bonnie Watson Coleman D New Jersey 12
152 Bruce Westerman R Arkansas 4 Chair: Natural Resources
153 Trent Kelly R Mississippi 1 June 2, 2015  
154 Darin LaHood R Illinois 16 September 10, 2015
155 Warren Davidson R Ohio 8 June 7, 2016
156 James Comer R Kentucky 1 November 8, 2016 Chair: Oversight and Accountability
157 Dwight Evans D Pennsylvania 3  
158 Brad Schneider D Illinois 10 January 3, 2017 2013–2015
159 David Valadao R California 22 January 3, 2021 2013–2019
160 Jodey Arrington R Texas 19 January 3, 2017 Chair: Budget
161 Don Bacon R Nebraska 2  
162 Nanette Barragán D California 44
163 Jack Bergman R Michigan 1
164 Andy Biggs R Arizona 5
165 Salud Carbajal D California 24
166 Lou Correa D California 46
167 Neal Dunn R Florida 2
168 Adriano Espaillat D New York 13
169 Brian Fitzpatrick R Pennsylvania 1
170 Vicente Gonzalez D Texas 34
171 Josh Gottheimer D New Jersey 5
172 Clay Higgins R Louisiana 3
173 Pramila Jayapal D Washington 7
174 Mike Johnson R Louisiana 4 Speaker of the House
175 Ro Khanna D California 17  
176 Raja Krishnamoorthi D Illinois 8
177 David Kustoff R Tennessee 8
178 Brian Mast R Florida 21 Chair: Foreign Affairs
179 Jimmy Panetta D California 19  
180 Jamie Raskin D Maryland 8 Ranking Member: Judiciary
181 John Rutherford R Florida 5  
182 Lloyd Smucker R Pennsylvania 11
183 Darren Soto D Florida 9
184 Ron Estes R Kansas 4 April 11, 2017
185 Jimmy Gomez D California 34 June 6, 2017
186 Ralph Norman R South Carolina 5 June 20, 2017
187 Michael Cloud R Texas 27 June 30, 2018
188 Troy Balderson R Ohio 12 August 7, 2018
189 Kevin Hern R Oklahoma 1 November 6, 2018
190 Joseph Morelle D New York 25 Ranking Member: House Administration
191 Mary Gay Scanlon D Pennsylvania 5  
192 Steven Horsford D Nevada 4 January 3, 2019 2013–2015
193 Tom Suozzi D New York 3 February 13, 2024 2017–2023
194 Jim Baird R Indiana 4 January 3, 2019
195 Tim Burchett R Tennessee 2
196 Sean Casten D Illinois 6
197 Ben Cline R Virginia 6
198 Angie Craig D Minnesota 2 Ranking Member: Agriculture
199 Dan Crenshaw R Texas 2
200 Jason Crow D Colorado 6
201 Sharice Davids D Kansas 3
202 Madeleine Dean D Pennsylvania 4
203 Veronica Escobar D Texas 16
204 Lizzie Fletcher D Texas 7
205 Russ Fulcher R Idaho 1
206 Chuy García D Illinois 4
207 Sylvia Garcia D Texas 29
208 Jared Golden D Maine 2
209 Lance Gooden R Texas 5
210 Mark Green R Tennessee 7 Chair: Homeland Security
211 Michael Guest R Mississippi 3 Chair: Ethics
212 Josh Harder D California 9  
213 Jahana Hayes D Connecticut 5
214 Chrissy Houlahan D Pennsylvania 6
215 Dusty Johnson R South Dakota at-large
216 John Joyce R Pennsylvania 13
217 Susie Lee D Nevada 3
218 Mike Levin D California 49
219 Lucy McBath D Georgia 6
220 Dan Meuser R Pennsylvania 9
221 Carol Miller R West Virginia 1
222 Joe Neguse D Colorado 2 Assistant Democratic Leader
223 Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez D New York 14  
224 Ilhan Omar D Minnesota 5
225 Chris Pappas D New Hampshire 1
226 Ayanna Pressley D Massachusetts 7
227 Guy Reschenthaler R Pennsylvania 14
228 John Rose R Tennessee 6
229 Chip Roy R Texas 21
230 Kim Schrier D Washington 8
231 Mikie Sherrill D New Jersey 11
232 Greg Stanton D Arizona 4
233 Pete Stauber R Minnesota 8
234 Bryan Steil R Wisconsin 1 Chair: House Administration
235 Greg Steube R Florida 17  
236 Haley Stevens D Michigan 11
237 William Timmons R South Carolina 4
238 Rashida Tlaib D Michigan 12
239 Lori Trahan D Massachusetts 3
240 Lauren Underwood D Illinois 14
241 Jeff Van Drew R[b] New Jersey 2
242 Michael Waltz R Florida 6
243 Greg Murphy R North Carolina 3 September 10, 2019
244 Tom Tiffany R Wisconsin 7 May 12, 2020
245 Claudia Tenney R New York 24 February 11, 2021 2017–2019
246 Ryan Zinke R Montana 1 January 3, 2023 2015–2017
247 Marlin Stutzman R Indiana 3 January 3, 2025 2010–2017
248 Jake Auchincloss D Massachusetts 4 January 3, 2021
249 Cliff Bentz R Oregon 2
250 Stephanie Bice R Oklahoma 5
251 Lauren Boebert R Colorado 4
252 Kat Cammack R Florida 3
253 Andrew Clyde R Georgia 9
254 Byron Donalds R Florida 19
255 Pat Fallon R Texas 4
256 Randy Feenstra R Iowa 4
257 Michelle Fischbach R Minnesota 7
258 Scott Fitzgerald R Wisconsin 5
259 Scott Franklin R Florida 18
260 Andrew Garbarino R New York 2
261 Carlos A. Giménez R Florida 28
262 Tony Gonzales R Texas 23
263 Marjorie Taylor Greene R Georgia 14
264 Diana Harshbarger R Tennessee 1
265 Ashley Hinson R Iowa 2
266 Ronny Jackson R Texas 13
267 Sara Jacobs D California 51
268 Young Kim R California 40
269 Teresa Leger Fernandez D New Mexico 3
270 Nancy Mace R South Carolina 1
271 Nicole Malliotakis R New York 11
272 Tracey Mann R Kansas 1
273 Lisa McClain R Michigan 9
274 Mary Miller R Illinois 15
275 Mariannette Miller-Meeks R Iowa 1
276 Barry Moore R Alabama 1
277 Blake Moore R Utah 1
278 Frank J. Mrvan D Indiana 1
279 Troy Nehls R Texas 22
280 Jay Obernolte R California 23
281 Burgess Owens R Utah 4
282 August Pfluger R Texas 11
283 Deborah Ross D North Carolina 2
284 María Elvira Salazar R Florida 27
285 Victoria Spartz R Indiana 5
286 Marilyn Strickland D Washington 10
287 Ritchie Torres D New York 15
288 Beth Van Duyne R Texas 24
289 Nikema Williams D Georgia 5
290 Julia Letlow R Louisiana 5 March 20, 2021
291 Troy Carter D Louisiana 2 April 24, 2021
292 Melanie Stansbury D New Mexico 1 June 1, 2021
293 Jake Ellzey R Texas 6 July 27, 2021
294 Shontel Brown D Ohio 11 November 2, 2021
295 Mike Carey R Ohio 15
296 Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick D Florida 20 January 11, 2022
297 Mike Flood R Nebraska 1 June 28, 2022
298 Brad Finstad R Minnesota 1 August 9, 2022
299 Pat Ryan D New York 18 August 23, 2022
300 Rudy Yakym R Indiana 2 November 8, 2022
301 Cleo Fields D Louisiana 6 January 3, 2025 1993–1997
302 Mark Alford R Missouri 4 January 3, 2023
303 Becca Balint D Vermont at-large
304 Aaron Bean R Florida 4
305 Josh Brecheen R Oklahoma 2
306 Nikki Budzinski D Illinois 13
307 Eric Burlison R Missouri 7
308 Greg Casar D Texas 35
309 Juan Ciscomani R Arizona 6
310 Mike Collins R Georgia 10
311 Eli Crane R Arizona 2
312 Jasmine Crockett D Texas 30
313 Don Davis D North Carolina 1
314 Monica De La Cruz R Texas 15
315 Chris Deluzio D Pennsylvania 17
316 Chuck Edwards R North Carolina 11
317 Mike Ezell R Mississippi 4
318 Valerie Foushee D North Carolina 4
319 Maxwell Frost D Florida 10
320 Russell Fry R South Carolina 7
321 Robert Garcia D California 42
322 Marie Gluesenkamp Perez D Washington 3
323 Dan Goldman D New York 10
324 Harriet Hageman R Wyoming at-large
325 Erin Houchin R Indiana 9
326 Val Hoyle D Oregon 4
327 Wesley Hunt R Texas 38
328 Glenn Ivey D Maryland 4
329 Jonathan Jackson D Illinois 1
330 John James R Michigan 10
331 Sydney Kamlager-Dove D California 37
332 Thomas Kean Jr. R New Jersey 7
333 Jen Kiggans R Virginia 2
334 Kevin Kiley R California 3
335 Nick LaLota R New York 1
336 Greg Landsman D Ohio 1
337 Nick Langworthy R New York 23
338 Mike Lawler R New York 17
339 Laurel Lee R Florida 15
340 Summer Lee D Pennsylvania 12
341 Anna Paulina Luna R Florida 13
342 Morgan Luttrell R Texas 8
343 Seth Magaziner D Rhode Island 2
344 Rich McCormick R Georgia 7
345 Morgan McGarvey D Kentucky 3
346 Rob Menendez D New Jersey 8
347 Max Miller R Ohio 7
348 Cory Mills R Florida 7
349 Nathaniel Moran R Texas 1
350 Jared Moskowitz D Florida 23
351 Kevin Mullin D California 15
352 Zach Nunn R Iowa 3
353 Andy Ogles R Tennessee 5
354 Brittany Pettersen D Colorado 7
355 Delia Ramirez D Illinois 3
356 Andrea Salinas D Oregon 6
357 Hillary Scholten D Michigan 3
358 Keith Self R Texas 3
359 Eric Sorensen D Illinois 17
360 Dale Strong R Alabama 5
361 Emilia Sykes D Ohio 13
362 Shri Thanedar D Michigan 13
363 Jill Tokuda D Hawaii 2
364 Derrick Van Orden R Wisconsin 3
365 Gabe Vasquez D New Mexico 2
366 Jennifer McClellan D Virginia 4 February 21, 2023
367 Gabe Amo D Rhode Island 1 November 7, 2023
368 Celeste Maloy R Utah 2 November 21, 2023
369 Tim Kennedy D New York 26 April 30, 2024
370 Vince Fong R California 20 May 21, 2024
371 Michael Rulli R Ohio 6 June 11, 2024
372 LaMonica McIver D New Jersey 10 September 18, 2024
373 Tony Wied R Wisconsin 8 November 5, 2024
374 Gil Cisneros D California 31 January 3, 2025 2019–2021
375 Yassamin Ansari D Arizona 3
376 Tom Barrett R Michigan 7
377 Michael Baumgartner R Washington 5
378 Nick Begich III R Alaska at-large
379 Wesley Bell D Missouri 1
380 Sheri Biggs R South Carolina 3
381 Rob Bresnahan R Pennsylvania 8
382 Janelle Bynum D Oregon 5
383 Herb Conaway D New Jersey 3
384 Jeff Crank R Colorado 5
385 Maxine Dexter D Oregon 3
386 Troy Downing R Montana 2
387 Sarah Elfreth D Maryland 3
388 Gabe Evans R Colorado 8
389 Julie Fedorchak R North Dakota at-large
390 Shomari Figures D Alabama 2
391 Laura Friedman D California 30
392 Brandon Gill R Texas 26
393 Laura Gillen D New York 4
394 Craig Goldman R Texas 12
395 Maggie Goodlander D New Hampshire 2
396 Adam Gray D California 13
397 Abraham Hamadeh R Arizona 8
398 Mike Haridopolos R Florida 8
399 Pat Harrigan R North Carolina 10
400 Mark Harris R North Carolina 8
401 Jeff Hurd R Colorado 3
402 Brian Jack R Georgia 3
403 Julie Johnson D Texas 32
404 Mike Kennedy R Utah 3
405 Brad Knott R North Carolina 13
406 George Latimer D New York 16
407 Sam Liccardo D California 16
408 Ryan Mackenzie R Pennsylvania 7
409 John Mannion D New York 22
410 Sarah McBride D Delaware at-large
411 April McClain-Delaney D Maryland 6
412 Kristen McDonald Rivet D Michigan 8
413 Addison McDowell R North Carolina 6
414 John McGuire R Virginia 5
415 Mark Messmer R Indiana 8
416 Dave Min D California 47
417 Riley Moore R West Virginia 2
418 Tim Moore R North Carolina 14
419 Kelly Morrison D Minnesota 3
420 Johnny Olszewski D Maryland 2
421 Bob Onder R Missouri 3
422 Nellie Pou D New Jersey 9
423 Emily Randall D Washington 6
424 Josh Riley D New York 19
425 Luz Rivas D California 29
426 Derek Schmidt R Kansas 2
427 Jefferson Shreve R Indiana 6
428 Lateefah Simon D California 12
429 Suhas Subramanyam D Virginia 10
430 David Taylor R Ohio 2
431 Derek Tran D California 45
432 Sylvester Turner D Texas 18
433 Eugene Vindman D Virginia 7
434 George Whitesides D California 27
Rank Member Party District Seniority date Previous service[a]
Committee and leadership positions

Delegates

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Delegates are non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives.

Rank Delegate Party District Seniority date
(previous service, if any)
1 Eleanor Holmes Norton D District of Columbia at-large January 3, 1991
2 Stacey Plaskett D United States Virgin Islands at-large January 3, 2015
3 Amata Coleman Radewagen R American Samoa at-large
4 James Moylan R Guam at-large January 3, 2023
5 Pablo Hernández Rivera PPD/D Puerto Rico at-large January 3, 2025
6 Kimberlyn King-Hinds R Northern Mariana Islands at-large

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b Members elected with substantial prior service receive credit for part of that service when calculating seniority.
  2. ^ A party change does not affect seniority.

References

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  1. ^ "Terms of Service for Members of the House of Representatives". Historian of the United States House of Representatives. Retrieved November 28, 2020.
  2. ^ "House Seniority and Committee Leadership". U.S. News & World Report. December 8, 2006.
  3. ^ Goodwin, George (1959). "The Seniority System in Congress". The American Political Science Review. pp. 412–436. doi:10.2307/1952154. JSTOR 1952154. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
  4. ^ Langhorne, Thomas B. (October 16, 2018). "Scramble for office space in Congress is about status". Evansville Courier & Press. Retrieved November 3, 2023.
  5. ^ Amiri, Farnoush; Mascaro, Lisa. "Rep. Matt Gaetz resigns from Congress". Associated Press. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
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