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'{{about|the former North Korean agent|the table tennis player|Kim Hyon-hui (table tennis)}} {{Korean name|Kim}} {{Infobox Korean name |context=north |hangul=김현희 |hanja={{linktext|金|賢|姬}} |rr=Gim Hyeonhui |mr=Kim Hyŏnhŭi }} '''Kim Hyon-hui''' ([[Hangul|Chosŏn'gŭl]]: 김현희, [[Hanja]]: 金賢姬; born January 27, 1962), also known as '''Ok Hwa''', is a former [[North Korea]]n agent, responsible for the [[Korean Air Flight 858]] bombing in 1987, which killed 115 people.<ref>{{cite book |last=MacDonald |first=Eileen |title=[[Shoot the Women First]] |year=1991 |publisher=[[Random House]] |location=New York |isbn=0-679-41596-3 |chapter=Kim Hyon Hui }}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-22244337 | work=BBC News | title=The North Korean spy who blew up a plane | date=22 April 2013}}</ref> She was arrested in Bahrain following the bombing and extradited to South Korea. There she was sentenced to death but later pardoned. North Korea denies that Kim was born in the North, and regards her entire biography to be a fabrication of the South. Some districts in Japan fund [[Chongryon#Korean_schools|North Korean-run schools]] which teach that Kim was a [[South Korea]]n agent.<ref>{{ja}} [http://www.seikatubunka.metro.tokyo.jp/shigaku/chosen/honbun.pdf Government of Tokyo]</ref> According to Kim's testimony, she was taught Japanese in connection to her mission by [[Yaeko Taguchi]], one of at [[North Korean abductions of Japanese citizens|least 13 Japanese abducted by North Korea]]. In recent years, Kim has publicly expressed regret about the bombing and she has provided information about the state of affairs in North Korea as well as the possible state of abductees. == Early life == {{Unreferencedsect|date=January 2015}} '''Kim Hyun-Hui''' was born in [[Pyongyang]], [[North Korea]]. Her father was a career diplomat and as a result, the family lived in [[Cuba]] for some time. Kim excelled as a student and in after-school activities. Kim was originally trained as an actress, and starred in North Korea's first [[Technicolor]] film, playing a girl whose family fled to North Korea to escape poverty in South Korea. In 1972, she was selected to present flowers to the senior South Korean delegate at the North-South talks in Pyongyang. After graduating from high school, she enrolled in the Pyongyang Foreign Language College, where she studied [[Japanese language|Japanese]]. However, she had barely begun her studies when she was recruited{{citation needed|date=April 2013}} for [[espionage]] work. ==Espionage training== Soon after joining the North Korean spy agency, Kim was given a new name, '''Ok Hwa''' and sent to live in a compound outside of [[Pyongyang]]. There, Kim spent seven years learning tradecraft. Her training included [[martial arts]], [[physical fitness]], and three years of Japanese.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} Kim's Japanese instructor was [[Yaeko Taguchi]], one of many [[North Korean abductions of Japanese|Japanese kidnapped by North Korea]]. Later, Kim testified that Taguchi was known to her as Lee Eun-hye (李恩惠, 리은혜).<ref>[http://news.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/01/16/2009011600012.html "내 일어(日語)선생 이은혜가 다구치 맞다" 김현희, NHK 인터뷰… "北 사망주장은 거짓"] 조선일보 2009.01.16 (Korean)</ref><ref>[http://chn.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2009/01/16/20090116000011.html 金贤姬：我日语老师是被北韩绑架的田口八重子(Kim Hyun Hui: My Japanese teacher was North Korean captive Yaeko Taguchi)] 朝鲜日报中文网 ([[The Chosun Ilbo]] Chinese net) 2009.01.16 (Chinese)</ref><ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20090122222749/http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200901/200901160017.html Japanese Abduction Victim Still Alive, Says KAL Bomber] [[Chosun Ilbo]] Jan.16,2009</ref> Additionally, students at this facility were shown [[propaganda]] films. At the end of her training, Kim was rigorously tested. Part of her final exam required her to infiltrate and memorize a document from a mock [[embassy]].{{Citation needed|date=February 2013}} Kim spent time in [[China]] studying Chinese and was allowed to travel through [[Europe]] with an older man, known to her as Kim Seung Il (金勝一). This was part of her extensive preparation to complete a mission that was of great importance to the ruling Kim family. Her younger brother had died and her sister, who had married, was now a widow.{{citation needed|date=September 2011}} The two lived in [[Macau]] for a time, where they used [[Zokwang Trading]] as a base of operations.<ref name="FEER 2001-10-25">{{citation|last=Lintner|first=Bertil|last2=Yoon|first2=Suh-kyung|title=North Korea: Coming in from the Cold|periodical=Far Eastern Economic Review|date=2001-10-25|accessdate=2011-09-11|url=http://www.asiapacificms.com/articles/northkorea/}}</ref> == Korean Air Flight 858 == {{Main|Korean Air Flight 858}} In 1987, Kim was given an assignment to blow up KAL 858. She was told that the order came directly from the "Dear Leader himself, [[Kim Jong-Il]]. ''Handwritten'', that is..." She was told that if she were successful, she would be able to return and live with her family and would not have to work as an agent afterward. She was once again paired with Kim Seung Il who was recovering from a stomach operation. She was traveling with a fake Japanese passport under the name of {{Nihongo|'''Mayumi Hachiya'''|蜂谷 真由美|''Hachiya Mayumi''}} along with Kim Seung Il, who posed as her father and used the name {{Nihongo|Shinichi Hachiya|蜂谷 真一|''Hachiya Shin'ichi''}}. The two traveled through [[Europe]] and eventually met other North Korean agents in [[Budapest]] who provided them with the materials to complete their mission. Once they had left the bomb behind (hidden in a [[Receiver (radio)|radio device]]) in a luggage rack of KAL 858, Kim Hyon Hui and Kim Seung Il disembarked in [[Abu Dhabi]] and traveled to [[Bahrain]]. The two terrorists were apprehended in Bahrain after investigators discovered that their passports were fake. Kim Seung Il bit a [[cyanide]] pill that was hidden in a cigarette and died. Kim Hyun Hui unsuccessfully attempted to do the same, but a Bahraini policewoman snatched the cigarette out of her mouth just as she started to ingest the poison.<ref>Oberdorfer, Don (2001). Two Koreas. Indiana: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-05162-6.</ref> She was hospitalized and then later interrogated. At first, she insisted that her name was Pai Chui Hui, an orphan from Northern [[China]] who had met an elderly Japanese man with whom she was traveling. She denied any sexual involvement with her partner Kim Seung Il. However, her accent did not sound like she came from northern China. After Bahrain was convinced she was actually a North Korean, she was flown to [[Seoul, South Korea]] under heavy guard.<ref name="UN_SPV2791_page10">{{UN document |docid=S-PV.2791 |type=Verbatim Report |body=Security Council |meeting=2791 |highlight=rect_59,597_945,1157 |page=10 |accessdate=2007-11-16|date=16 February 1988}}</ref> According to testimony at a [[United Nations Security Council]] meeting, Kim was taken on several occasions to see the prosperity of [[Seoul]] outside of her prison cell. The prison authorities also showed her TV shows and news reports showing the affluent lifestyle of South Koreans. She had been taught that the South was a corruption-riddled fiefdom of the [[United States]] and that poverty was widespread.<ref name="UN_SPV2791_page10"/> After eight days, Kim broke down, admitted that she was in fact a North Korean and confessed the details of her role in the bombing of Flight 858, as well as Kim Jong-il's personal involvement in the scheme. == Aftermath == Kim's life was the inspiration for the 1990 film ''[[Mayumi (film)|Mayumi]]''. The film was directed by [[Shin Sang-ok]], who was also a kidnapped victim like Kim's teacher.<ref>{{ko}} http://cafe384.daum.net/_c21_/bbs_search_read?grpid=evbC&fldid=NjvE&contentval=0003czzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz&nenc=&fenc=&q=%B1%E8%C7%F6%C8%F1+%C3%D6%B1%D9%B8%F0%BD%C0&nil_profile=cafetop&nil_menu=sch_updw</ref> For her role in the bombing of KAL 858, Kim was sentenced to death in March 1989. However, South Korean president [[Roh Tae-woo]] pardoned her later that year, saying that Kim was merely a brainwashed victim of the real culprit, the North Korean government. She later wrote an autobiography entitled ''[[The Tears of My Soul]]'' and donated the proceeds to the families of the victims of Flight 858.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.co.nz/books?id=yNnZAAAAIAAJ&q=isbn:0688128335&dq=isbn:0688128335&hl=en&sa=X&ei=PjbPVPnsPIK2mwXTu4GQBg&ved=0CB0Q6AEwAA | title=The Tears of My Soul | publisher=[[William Morrow and Co.]] | author=Hyŏn-hŭi Kim | year=1993 | pages=3 | isbn=0-688-12833-5 | quote=THIS BOOK is dedicated to the families of the victims of Flight 858. All proceeds deriving from the book will be donated to them.}}</ref> In an interview with ''[[Washington Post]]'' correspondent [[Don Oberdorfer]], Kim said that she'd been led to believe the bombing was necessary to aid the cause of reuniting the peninsula. However, the sight of Seoul's prosperity made her realize she'd "committed the crime of killing compatriots." ''[[Publishers Weekly]]'', in its 1992 review of the book ''[[Shoot the Women First]]'' by Eileen MacDonald, described Kim as "robot-like" and "wholly submissive to male authority".<ref>http://www.amazon.com/dp/0679415963</ref> In December 1997, Kim married a former [[South Korean intelligence]] agent who also served as her bodyguard, with whom she has two children.<ref>''News Roundup'' on [[TVB]] Jade, 23:00(UTC+8) 11 March 2009</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The North Korean spy who blew up a plane|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-22244337|accessdate=22 April 2013|newspaper=[[BBC News]]|date=22 April 2013}}</ref> In March 2009, when meeting family members of [[Yaeko Taguchi]], she mentioned that Taguchi may still be alive, and in connection with this she visited Japan in July 2010. After the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami in Japan, she donated 1 million yen ($15,600) to the victims, out of gratitude for the preferential treatment she had received in Japan during her previous visit.<ref>http://news.asiaone.com/News/Latest%2BNews/Asia/Story/A1Story20110324-269909.html</ref> She was also featured by a Japanese television documentary that dramatized her life and revealed how Taguchi, used to sing lullabies to her children, from whom she had been separated after being abducted.<ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5W5PUxrGuo</ref> Kim currently lives in an undisclosed location and remains under constant protection for fear of reprisals, from either victims' families{{Citation needed|date=April 2013}} or the North Korean government which has branded her a [[traitor]].<ref>http://www.journeyman.tv/?lid=65148&tmpl=transcript</ref> Kim has also offered analysis to news organizations about current affairs in North Korea. During the [[2013 Korean crisis]], Kim suggested on Australian television that North Korean leader [[Kim Jong-Un]] was too young and inexperienced, was "struggling to gain complete control over the military and to win their loyalty." She also commented that he was "using the nuclear program as a bargaining chip for aid, to keep the public behind him."<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/world/kim-jongun-struggling-former-north-korean-spy-20130410-2hlwx.html Kim Jong-un 'struggling': former North Korean spy], ''[[Sydney Morning-Herald]]'', 10 April 2013</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} == Bibliography == *Kim, Hyun Hee. ''[[The Tears of My Soul]].'' William Morrow & Co, 1993, ISBN 978-0-688-12833-3 ==External links== *[http://www.zimbio.com/pictures/sDbhbFAPAaR/Former+North+Korean+Spy+Kim+Hyon+hui+Meets/0lZ9WP0hVFe/Kim+Hyon-hui Picture of Kim] *[http://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2010/07/23/north-korean-spys-visit-to-japan-yields-few-answers/ Kim Hyun Hee Former North Korean Agent] *[http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-04-10/my-life-as-a-north-korean-super-spy3a-exclusive/4621358 2013 interview on Australian television] {{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --> | NAME = Kim, Hyon-hui | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | SHORT DESCRIPTION = North Korean murderer | DATE OF BIRTH = January 27, 1962 | PLACE OF BIRTH = | DATE OF DEATH = | PLACE OF DEATH = }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Kim, Hyon-hui}} [[Category:1962 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:North Korean abductions of Japanese citizens]] [[Category:North Korean defectors]] [[Category:North Korean expatriates in China]] [[Category:North Korean expatriates in Macau]] [[Category:North Korean mass murderers]] [[Category:North Korean prisoners and detainees]] [[Category:North Korean spies]] [[Category:People convicted on terrorism charges]] [[Category:Prisoners and detainees of South Korea]] [[Category:Recipients of South Korean presidential pardons]]'