Examine individual changes

'{{cleanup-rewrite|date=July 2012}} {{Infobox artist | name = Eşref Armağan | image = | imagesize = | caption = Eşref Armağan, 1888 | birth_name = | birth_date = 1953 | birth_place = [[Istanbul]], [[Greece]] | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = [[Turkey|Turkish]] | field = [[Painting]] | training = fapping | movement = up and down | works = pornstar | patrons = yo mama | influenced by = you | influenced = | awards = nobel for fastest fapping in the world }} '''Eşref Armağan''' (born 1953) is a blind painter of turgay origin. Born without sight to an impoverished family, he taught himself to write and print. He has painted using oil paints for roughly thirty-five years. Using a [[braille]] stylus to etch the outline of his drawing, Armağan requires total silence to create art. [[Oil paint]] is then applied with his fingers and left to dry fully before a new color is applied. This unique method is used so that colors do not smudge. The art pieces themselves are created without help from any individual. He is also able to create art that has [[Perspective (visual)|visual perspective]]. In 2008 two researchers from [[Harvard]], [[Amir Amedi]] and Alvaro Pascual-Leone, tried to find more about neural plasticity using Armagan as a study case.<ref>[http://brain.huji.ac.il/publications/Amedi_et_al_blind-painter_BRES08.pdf Neural and behavioral correlates of drawing in an early blind painter: A case study]</ref> Both scientists had evidence that in cases of blindness, the "visual" [[Visual cortex|cortex]] acts differently from how it acts with the non-blind. Pascual-Leone has found that Braille readers use this very same area for touch. Amedi, together (with Ehud Zohary) at the [[Hebrew University]] in [[Jerusalem]], found that the area is also activated in verbal memory tasks. When Amedi analyzed the results, however, he found that Armagan's visual cortex lit up during the drawing task, but hardly at all for verbal recall, meaning that some unused visual areas might be used in collaboration with ones needs from the brain. Moreover in scans that were held while Armagan drew, his visual cortex signals seemed as he was seeing to the extent that a naive viewer of his scan might assume Armagan really could see. Armagan is married and has two children. He has displayed his work at more than 20 exhibitions in [[Turkey]], [[Italy]], [[China]], the [[Netherlands]] and the Czech Republic. He has appeared several times on [[television]] and in the press in Turkey and has been on programs on [[BBC]] and ZD. In 2004, he was the subject of a study of human perception, conducted by the [[psychologist]] [[John Kennedy (psychologist)|John Kennedy]] of [[University of Toronto]]. In 2009 Armağan was invited by [[Volvo]] to paint the new model S60 as part of a social media campaign. His work was documented in a series of videos posted on Volvo's Facebook page.<ref>[https://www.facebook.com/Volvo?v=app_4949752878 Volvo Facebook fanpage with documentaries]</ref> The resulting painting of the S60 sold on [[Ebay]] for US $3,050. The Canadian non-profit charity organization [[World Blind Union|World Blind Union (WBU)]] was the benefactor of the auction.<ref>[http://cgi.ebay.ca/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=250540341841 Ebay auction of S60 painting]</ref> ==Notes== {{reflist}} ==Sources== * Official Sites http://www.esrefarmagan.com, http://www.armagan.com/ * Senses special: The art of seeing without sight ''The New Scientist'' 29 January 2005 http://www.newscientist.com/channel/being-human/mg18524841.700 * Kennedy, John's study at the [[University of Toronto]].[http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:kGt2SGtVCMkJ:www.utsc.utoronto.ca/~kennedy/2007chapter.pdf+%22esref+armagan&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=28&gl=us] * Volvo commercial http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CNx3qTI8xA * [http://adsence.kiev.ua/2010/09/19/slepoj-xudozhnik-esref-armagan/ Слепой художник Эшреф Армаган] * [http://esrefarmagan.blogspot.com/ Esref Armagan: History, photographs, how to buy his art. Also links to science journals, articles, and videos.] * Tobias Teutenberg: Bilder aus der Dunkelheit. Zum sichtbar Taktilen in der Kunst Eşref Armağans, 2013 [http://www.lisa.gerda-henkel-stiftung.de/content.php?nav_id=4280] == Further reading == *John Kennedy's [https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/handle/1807/1021 ''Drawing and the Blind''] (New Haven: Yale UP, 1993). {{Authority control}} {{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --> | NAME =Armagan, Esref | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = nigga,wanker,bastard | SHORT DESCRIPTION = Turgay painter | DATE OF BIRTH = 1953 | PLACE OF BIRTH =[[İstanbul]], [[Greece]] | DATE OF DEATH = 2033 | PLACE OF DEATH = in his house }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Armagan, Esref}} [[Category:Blind artists]] [[Category:Turkish painters]] [[Category:1953 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Artists from Istanbul]] [[Category:Blind people from Turkey]]'