Examine individual changes

'{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2014}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Carlisle, Pennsylvania |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = |settlement_type = Borough |motto = "Excellence in Community Service" |image_skyline = Carlisle, Pennsylvania.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Carlisle |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = Carlisle_coat_of_arms.jpg |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_size = |pushpin_map = Pennsylvania |pushpin_label = Carlisle |pushpin_label_position = left |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |coordinates_region = US-PA |subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |subdivision_name = [[United States]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of the United States|State]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Pennsylvania]] |subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in Pennsylvania|County]] |subdivision_name2 = [[Cumberland County, Pennsylvania|Cumberland]] |government_footnotes = |government_type = Borough Council |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Tim Scott |leader_title1 = Deputy Mayor |leader_name1 = Sean M. Shultz |established_title = Settled |established_date = 1751 |established_title1 = Incorporated |established_date1 = 1782 |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 14.35 |area_land_km2 = 14.33 |area_water_km2 = 0.02 |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |population_as_of = 2014 estimate |population_footnotes = <ref name="2014 Pop Estimate">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/PEP/2014/PEPANNRES/0400000US42.06100| title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 (PEPANNRES): Minor Civil Divisions, Pennsylvania| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=June 18, 2015}}</ref> |population_total = 18916 |population_density_km2 = 1320.9 |population_density_sq_mi = |timezone = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]] |utc_offset = -5 |timezone_DST = EDT |utc_offset_DST = -4 |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_type = region:US_type:city |latd= 40 |latm= 12 |lats= 09 |latNS= N |longd= 77 |longm= 11 |longs= 42 |longEW= W |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 146 |elevation_ft = 479 |postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]s |postal_code = 17013, 17015 |area_code = [[Area code 717|717]] |website = {{URL|www.carlislepa.org}} |footnotes = {{designation list|embed=yes|designation1=Pennsylvania|designation1_date=July 30, 1947<ref name="PAHMDB">{{cite web|url=http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/pennsylvania_historical_marker_program/2539/search_for_historical_markers |title=PHMC Historical Markers Search |work=Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission |publisher=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania | format=Searchable database | accessdate=2014-01-25}}</ref>}} }} '''Carlisle''' is a [[borough (Pennsylvania)|borough]] in and the [[county seat]] of [[Cumberland County, Pennsylvania|Cumberland County]], [[Pennsylvania]], [[United States]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web| url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx| accessdate=2011-06-07| title=Find a County| publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> The name is locally pronounced as in [[British English]] with emphasis on the second syllable {{IPAc-en|k|ɑr|ˈ|l|aɪ|l}}. Carlisle is located within the [[Cumberland Valley]], a highly productive agricultural region. As of the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]], the borough population was 18,682;<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4211272| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Carlisle borough, Pennsylvania| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| accessdate=June 18, 2015}}</ref> the estimated population as of 2014 was 18,916.<ref name="2014 Pop Estimate"/> Including suburbs in the neighboring townships, 37,695 live in the Carlisle urban cluster. Carlisle is an [[exurb]] of [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania]], to the east. Carlisle is the slightly smaller principal city of the [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]]−Carlisle [[Harrisburg metropolitan area|Metropolitan Statistical Area]], which includes all of Cumberland, [[Dauphin County, Pennsylvania|Dauphin]], and [[Perry County, Pennsylvania|Perry]] counties in [[South Central Pennsylvania]]. In 2010, [[Forbes]] rated Carlisle and Harrisburg the second-best place to raise a family.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/2010/06/04/best-places-family-lifestyle-real-estate-cities-kids.html|title=America's Best Places to Raise a Family|publisher=Forbes.com|first=Francesca|last=Levy|date=June 7, 2010}}</ref> The [[U.S. Army War College]], located at the [[Carlisle Barracks]], prepares high-level military personnel and civilians for strategic leadership responsibilities. Carlisle Barracks ranks among the oldest U.S. Army installations and the most senior military educational institution in the [[United States Army]]. Carlisle Barracks is home of the United States Army Military Heritage Museum. Carlisle also hosts [[Dickinson College]] and [[Penn State Dickinson School of Law]]. [[Ahold]]'s U.S. headquarters are in Carlisle. ==History== American pioneer [[John Armstrong Sr.]], laid the plan for the settlement of Carlisle in 1751. He fathered [[John Armstrong Jr.]], who was born in Carlisle in 1758. [[Scotch-Irish American|Scots-Irish]] immigrants settled in Carlisle and farmed the Cumberland Valley. They named the settlement after its sister town of [[Carlisle, Cumbria]], England, and even built its former jailhouse (which Cumberland County now uses as general government offices) to resemble The Citadel in Carlisle, Cumbria.<ref>[http://www.old-picture.com/europe/Carlisle-Citadel-England.htm Citadel, Carlisle, England]. Old-picture.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-23.</ref><ref>[http://www.visitcumbria.com/car/carcitdl.htm ] {{wayback|url=http://www.visitcumbria.com/car/carcitdl.htm |date=20140713002932 }}</ref> In 1757, Colonel Commandant [[John Stanwix]]–for whom [[Fort Stanwix]] in upstate New York is named–made his headquarters in Carlisle, and was promoted to [[brigadier general]] on December 27 of that year. Stanwix had sat in Parliament as Member for Carlisle during the 1740s. Later during the [[French and Indian Wars]], the [[Forbes Expedition]] organized in Carlisle in 1758, and [[Henry Bouquet]] organized an expedition there for [[Pontiac's War]], the last conflict of the war, in 1763. Carlisle served as a munitions depot during the [[American Revolutionary War]]. The depot was later developed into the [[United States Army War College]] at Carlisle Barracks. Revolutionary War legend, [[Molly Pitcher]], died in the borough in 1832, and her body lies buried in the Old Public Graveyard. A hotel was built in her honor, called the Molly Pitcher Hotel; it has since been renovated to house apartments for senior citizens. Carlisle was incorporated as a [[borough]] a few years after the war on April 13, 1782. Carlisle continued to play a part in the early development in the United States through the end of the century: In response to a planned march in favor of the [[United States Constitution]] in 1787, [[Anti-Federalists]] instigated a riot in Carlisle. A decade later, during the [[Whiskey Rebellion]] in 1794, the troops of Pennsylvania and [[New Jersey]] assembled in Carlisle under the leadership of President [[George Washington]].{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} While in Carlisle, the president worshipped in the First Presbyterian Church at the corner of Hanover Street and High Street. [[Benjamin Rush]], a signer of the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], developed Carlisle Grammar School in 1773 and chartered it as Dickinson College–the first new college founded in the newly recognized United States. One of the college's more famous alums, the 15th U.S. president, [[James Buchanan]], graduated from Dickinson College in 1809.<ref>{{Cite book| last=Klein| first=Philip S.| title=President James Buchanan: A Biography| publisher=American Political Biography Press| location=Newtown, CT| ref=Klein| year=1962| edition=1995| isbn=0-945707-11-8| pages=9–12}}</ref> The [[Dickinson School of Law]], founded in 1834 and affiliated then with Dickinson College, ranks as the fifth-oldest law school in the United States and the oldest law school in Pennsylvania. A general borough law of 1851 (amended in 1852) authorized a burgess and a borough council to administer the government of the borough of Carlisle. {{external media | width = 210px | float = right | headerimage=[[File:Carlisle, Pennsylvania (5656229890).jpg|210px]] | video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QmJI4FzevUw Cumberland County Courthouse Tour], Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, 29:27 | accessdate =August 25, 2016 }} Leading up to the [[American Civil War]], Carlisle served as a stop on the [[Underground Railroad]]. During the war, an army of the [[Confederate States of America]], under General [[Fitzhugh Lee]], attacked and shelled the borough during the [[Battle of Carlisle]] on July 1, 1863 as part of the [[Gettysburg Campaign]] of the [[American Civil War]].{{sfnp|''EB''|1878}} A cannonball dent can still be seen on one of the columns of the historic county courthouse. United States Army Lieutenant [[Richard Henry Pratt]] founded [[Carlisle Indian Industrial School]] in 1879 as the first federally supported school for [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indians]] off a reservation. The United States government maintained the school, housed at Carlisle Barracks as an experiment in educating Native Americans and teaching them to reject tribal culture and to adapt to white society. Richard Henry Pratt retired from the Army in 1903 and from supervising the school as its superintendent in 1904. Athletic hero [[Jim Thorpe]] entered the school in 1907 and joined its football team under coach [[Glenn Warner]] ("Pop" Warner) in 1908. Playing halfback, Jim Thorpe led the team to startling upset victories over powerhouses [[Harvard Crimson football|Harvard]], [[Army West Point Black Knights football|Army]], and the [[Penn Quakers football|University of Pennsylvania]] in 1911–12, bringing nationwide attention to the school. Marianne Moore taught there c.1910. Carlisle Indian School closed in 1918. The [[Dickinson School of Law]] ended its affiliation with Dickinson College in 1914, against much protest from locals, and reorganized as an independent institution. Dickinson School of Law merged into the [[Pennsylvania State University]] in 1997 as [[Penn State Dickinson School of Law]]. The [[Carlisle Historic District (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)|Carlisle Historic District]], [[Carlisle Indian School]], [[Hessian Powder Magazine]], [[Carlisle Armory (Carlisle, Pennsylvania)|Carlisle Armory]], and [[Old West, Dickinson College]] are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref> ==Geography== Carlisle is located slightly northeast of the center of Cumberland County at {{Coord|40|12|9|N|77|11|42|W|type:city}} (40.202553, −77.195016) at an elevation of {{convert|479|ft|m}}.<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref><ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref> The borough lies in the [[Cumberland Valley]], a section of the [[Great Appalachian Valley]], to the south of [[Conodoguinet Creek]], a tributary of the [[Susquehanna River]]. Letort Spring Run, a tributary of Conodoguinet Creek, runs north through the eastern part of the borough. Carlisle lies in south-central Pennsylvania southwest of the intersection of [[Interstate 76 (east)|Interstate 76]] (the [[Pennsylvania Turnpike]]) and [[Interstate 81]] roughly {{convert|20|mi}} west-southwest of [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]], the state capital. By road it is approximately {{convert|80|mi|abbr=on}} northwest of [[Baltimore]] and {{convert|124|mi|abbr=on}} west-northwest of [[Philadelphia]].<ref>{{cite web | title = Google Maps | publisher = Google.com | url = http://maps.google.com | accessdate = June 18, 2015}}</ref> According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], Carlisle has a total area of {{convert|14.35|km2|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|14.33|sqkm|order=flip}} is land and {{convert|0.02|sqkm|order=flip|2}}, or 0.14%, is water.<ref name="Census 2010"/> ===Industry=== Leading industries in Carlisle's past have included Carlisle Tire and Rubber Company (founded 1917), Masland Carpets (founded 1866), and Frog Switch Manufacturing (founded 1876 by John Hays). Carlisle Tire and Rubber and Masland Carpets have since gone out of business, and both plants were demolished in 2013. [[CenturyLink]] maintains a call center in the city, and [[Amazon.com]] is one of several warehouse facilities in the city. ===Climate=== Carlisle has a [[Humid continental climate|humid continental climate (Köppen ''Dfa'')]] with hot, humid summers and cool winters. The average temperature in Carlisle is 51.3&nbsp;°F (10.7&nbsp;°C) with temperatures exceeding 90&nbsp;°F (32&nbsp;°C) an average of 16 days a year and dropping below 32&nbsp;°F (0&nbsp;°C) an average of 119 days a year. On average, the borough receives 38.8&nbsp;inches (986&nbsp;mm) of precipitation annually. Snowfall averages 29.8&nbsp;inches (757&nbsp;mm) per year.<ref name=Weatherbase>{{cite web | title = Historical Weather for Carlisle, Pennsylvania, United States of America | publisher = Weatherbase | url = http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=367063&refer=&units=us | accessdate = 2010-04-03}}</ref> On average, January is the coolest month, July is the warmest month, and September is the wettest month. The hottest temperature recorded in Carlisle was 102&nbsp;°F (39&nbsp;°C) in 1966; the coldest temperature recorded was −19&nbsp;°F (−28&nbsp;°C) in 1994.<ref name=TWC>{{cite web|url=http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USPA0234 |title=Average weather for Carlisle, PA |accessdate= 2010-04-03 |publisher=[[The Weather Channel]]}}</ref> {{Weather box |imperial first = Y |location = Carlisle, Pennsylvania |single line = Y |Jan record high F = 71 |Feb record high F = 77 |Mar record high F = 85 |Apr record high F = 93 |May record high F = 95 |Jun record high F = 98 |Jul record high F = 102 |Aug record high F = 100 |Sep record high F = 98 |Oct record high F = 89 |Nov record high F = 82 |Dec record high F = 77 |Jan high F = 35 |Feb high F = 39 |Mar high F = 48 |Apr high F = 60 |May high F = 70 |Jun high F = 79 |Jul high F = 83 |Aug high F = 81 |Sep high F = 74 |Oct high F = 62 |Nov high F = 51 |Dec high F = 40 |Jan low F = 20 |Feb low F = 22 |Mar low F = 30 |Apr low F = 39 |May low F = 49 |Jun low F = 58 |Jul low F = 63 |Aug low F = 61 |Sep low F = 53 |Oct low F = 42 |Nov low F = 34 |Dec low F = 25 |Jan record low F = −19 |Feb record low F = −6 |Mar record low F = 2 |Apr record low F = 13 |May record low F = 26 |Jun record low F = 37 |Jul record low F = 44 |Aug record low F = 42 |Sep record low F = 31 |Oct record low F = 20 |Nov record low F = 6 |Dec record low F = −3 |Jan precipitation inch = 3.17 |Feb precipitation inch = 2.65 |Mar precipitation inch = 3.34 |Apr precipitation inch = 3.35 |May precipitation inch = 4.16 |Jun precipitation inch = 4.18 |Jul precipitation inch = 3.93 |Aug precipitation inch = 3.36 |Sep precipitation inch = 4.28 |Oct precipitation inch = 3.22 |Nov precipitation inch = 3.19 |Dec precipitation inch = 2.99 |Jan snow inch = 9.0 |Feb snow inch = 8.9 |Mar snow inch = 6.1 |Apr snow inch = 0.6 |May snow inch = 0 |Jun snow inch = 0 |Jul snow inch = 0 |Aug snow inch = 0 |Sep snow inch = 0 |Oct snow inch = 0 |Nov snow inch = 1.7 |Dec snow inch = 6.0 |source 1 = [[The Weather Channel]];<ref name=TWC/> Weatherbase<ref name=Weatherbase/> |date=August 2010 }} ==Demographics== {{US Census population |1800= 2052 |1810= 2491 |1820= 2908 |1830= 3708 |1840= 4351 |1850= 4581 |1860= 5664 |1870= 6650 |1880= 6209 |1890= 7620 |1900= 9626 |1910= 10303 |1920= 10916 |1930= 12596 |1940= 13984 |1950= 16812 |1960= 16623 |1970= 18079 |1980= 18314 |1990= 18419 |2000= 17970 |2010= 18682 |estyear=2015 |estimate=19143 |estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2015">{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015|accessdate=July 2, 2016}}</ref> |align-fn=center |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=[[United States Census Bureau]]|accessdate=June 11, 2014}}</ref><br>2014 estimate<ref name="2014 Pop Estimate"/> }} As of the census of 2000, there were 17,970 people, 7,426 households, and 4,010 families residing in the borough. The population density was 3,308.9 people per square mile (1,277.8/km²). There were 8,032 housing units at an average density of 1,479.0 per square mile (571.1/km²). The racial makeup of the borough was 88.93% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 6.92% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.14% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 1.60% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.02% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.71% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.69% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.96% of the population. There were 7,426 households, out of which 23.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.3% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.0% were non-families. 39.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.81. In the borough, the population was spread out, with 18.6% under the age of 18, 17.2% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 21.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 84.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.8 males. The median income for a household in the borough was $33,969, and the median income for a family was $46,588. Males had a median income of $34,519 versus $25,646 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $21,394. About 8.6% of families and 14.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.7% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over. ==Education== ===Colleges and universities=== * [[Dickinson College]] * [[Penn State Dickinson School of Law]] * [[United States Army War College]] ===Public school=== *[[Carlisle Area School District]] ===Private schools=== As reported by the National Center for Educational Statistics<ref>ies, National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, Private School Universe Survey 2008</ref> *Carlisle Christian Academy *Blue Ridge Mennonite School *Dickinson College Children's Center *Hidden Valley School *St Patrick School *The Christian School of Grace Baptist Church ==Media== ===Print=== Carlisle has one daily newspaper, ''[[The Sentinel (Pennsylvania)|The Sentinel]]''.<ref>{{cite web | title = About this Newspaper: The sentinel. | work = Chronicling America | publisher = [[Library of Congress]] | url = http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86013742/ | accessdate = 2010-04-05}}</ref> ===Radio=== '''AM''' {| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="1" |+ align=bottom | ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''Frequency''' ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''[[Callsign]]'''<ref>{{cite web | title = AMQ AM Radio Database Query | publisher = [[Federal Communications Commission]] | url = http://www.fcc.gov/mb/audio/amq.html | accessdate = 2010-04-05}}</ref> ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''Format'''<ref name=Locator>{{cite web | title = Radio-Locator | publisher = Radio-Locator | url = http://www.radio-locator.com/ | accessdate = 2010-04-05}}</ref> ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''[[City of License]]''' ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''Notes''' |- |960||[[WHYL]]||[[Adult Standards]]||Carlisle, Pennsylvania||- |- |1000||[[WIOO]]||[[Country music|Country]]||Carlisle, Pennsylvania||- |} '''FM''' {| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3" border="1" |+ align=bottom | ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''Frequency''' ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''[[Callsign]]'''<ref>{{cite web | title = FMQ FM Radio Database Query | publisher = [[Federal Communications Commission]] | url = http://www.fcc.gov/mb/audio/fmq.html | accessdate = 2010-04-05}}</ref> ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''Format'''<ref name=Locator/> ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''[[City of License]]''' ! style="background:#fcc;"| '''Notes''' |- |88.3||[[WDCV-FM]]||[[Variety (U.S. radio)|Variety]]||Carlisle, Pennsylvania||[[Dickinson College]] [[college radio|radio]] |- |93.1||[[WBYO|W226AS]]||[[Contemporary Christian]]||Carlisle, Pennsylvania||Translator of [[WBYO]], [[Sellersville, Pennsylvania]] |- |97.9||[[WIOO|W250AP]]||[[Country music|Country]]||Carlisle, Pennsylvania||Translator of [[WIOO]] |- |101.7||[[Family Radio|W269AS]]||[[Christian radio|Christian]]||Carlisle, Pennsylvania||[[Family Radio]] translator |- |102.3||[[WCAT-FM]]||[[Country music|Country]]||Carlisle, Pennsylvania||Broadcasts from [[Camp Hill, Pennsylvania]] |} ==Notable people== * [[Charles Albright (congressman)|Charles Jefferson Albright]] (1816–1883), [[United States House of Representatives|congressman]] from Pennsylvania<ref name="Marquis 1607-1896">{{cite book | title = Who Was Who in America, Historical Volume, 1607–1896 | publisher = Marquis Who's Who | location=Chicago | year = 1963}}</ref> * [[James Armstrong (Pennsylvania)|James Armstrong]], congressman from Pennsylvania<ref name="Marquis 1607-1896"/> * [[John Armstrong, Jr.]], [[United States Secretary of War]]<ref name="Marquis 1607-1896"/> * [[Alice Bridges]], born in 1916, Olympic bronze medalist at age 20 in 100 m swimming event (1936 Berlin Olympics); resided in Carlisle * [[Stephen Duncan]], the wealthiest cotton planter in the South prior to Civil War, and second largest slave owner in the country<ref>{{cite book | last1 = Engerman | first1 = Stanley L. | year = 1976 | editor1-last = Owens | editor1-first = Harry P. | title = The Southern Slave Economy | work = Perspectives and Irony in American Slavery | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=G94yBvej-WcC&lpg=PP1&pg=PP1#v=onepage&q&f=false | publisher = University Press of Mississippi | page = 107}}</ref> * [[Cheston Lee Eshelman]], inventor, aviator, manufacturer (Cheston L. Eshelman Company) and automaker (see [[Eshelman]]) * [[Harold J. Greene]] (1955-2014), United States Army soldier<ref name=MortuaryAffairs>{{cite web|url=http://www.mortuary.af.mil/pressreleases/pressreleasearchive/story.asp?id=123420524|title=Army Maj. Gen. Harold J. Greene honored in dignified transfer Aug. 7|work=United States Air Force|publisher=United States Department of the Air Force|author=Air Force Mortuary Affairs|date=August 7, 2014|accessdate=August 7, 2014}}</ref> * [[Arthur Japy Hepburn]] (1877–1964), admiral in the United States Navy, whose career spanned the Spanish–American War, World War I, and World War II * [[John Huzvar]] (1929–2007), American football player * [[Alexander J. Irwin]], Wisconsin territorial legislator * [[Robert Irwin, Jr.]], Michigan territorial legislator * [[John Keeny|J. E. Keeny]], president of [[Louisiana Tech University]] from 1908–1926, born in Carlisle in 1860<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.lahistory.org/site28.php| title=Keeny, John Ephraim| publisher=[[Louisiana Historical Association]], ''A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography'' (lahistory.org)| accessdate=December 27, 2010}}</ref> * [[Jeff Lebo]], current men's basketball coach at [[East Carolina University]] * [[Lois Lowry]], author of children's literature who has been awarded the [[Newbery Medal]] twice; several childhood years were spent in Carlisle, her mother's home town * [[Andrew G. Miller]], [[United States federal judge]] * [[Marianne Moore]], [[Modernism|Modernist]] poet and writer * [[Billy Owens]], former [[National Basketball Association|NBA]] player * [[Molly Pitcher]] (Mary Ludwig Hays McCauley), heroine at the [[Battle of Monmouth]] during the [[American Revolutionary War]]; a statue of her can be seen in Old Cemetery, where she is buried * [[Samuel Smith (Maryland)|Samuel Smith]], a [[List of United States Senators from Maryland|U.S. senator]] and [[Maryland's 5th congressional district|congressman]] from Maryland, born in Carlisle in 1752 * [[Jim Thorpe]], considered one of the most versatile athletes in modern sports * [[Frederick Watts]], U.S. Commissioner of Agriculture (1871–1876) and "Father of [[Penn State University]]" * [[Samuel Wilkeson]], former mayor of [[Buffalo, New York]] * [[James Wilson]], signer of the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]], twice elected to the [[Continental Congress]], a major force in the drafting of the nation's [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] * [[Lee Woodall]], former [[National Football League|NFL]] player * Lt. Col. [[Jay Zeamer, Jr.]], [[World War II]] [[U.S. Army Air Forces]] veteran and Medal of Honor recipient ==Other== Carlisle is famous to many people for its car shows, put on regularly by Carlisle Events throughout the spring, summer, and fall at the [[Carlisle Fairgrounds]]. In addition to the regularly scheduled shows there are specialty shows, including the GM Nationals, the Ford Nationals, the Chrysler Nationals, the Truck Nationals, Corvettes at Carlisle, and the Import/Kit Car Nationals. Most likely because of its location at the intersection of two major trucking routes ([[I-81]] and [[Interstate 76 (east)|I-76]]), air pollution within the borough often falls within the range considered by the [[United States Environmental Protection Agency]] as "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups" [i.e., children, the elderly, and people with respiratory or heart disease]. The pollutant typically involved is PM2.5, [[Atmospheric particulate matter|particulate matter]] composed of particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter.{{Citation needed|date=June 2015}} The Central Pennsylvania Youth Ballet (CPYB), a ballet school and performing company known internationally for their alumni, is based in Carlisle. Carlisle is the headquarters of the [[Giant-Carlisle|Giant Food]] supermarkets in Pennsylvania. Carlisle was home to the [[Washington Redskins]] training camp for many years. In 1986, cornerback [[Darrell Green]] ran the [[40-yard dash]] at [[Dickinson College]] in 4.09 seconds. Although the result was unofficial, it is the fastest "legitimate" time ever recorded in the 40-yard dash. ==Fire companies== There are currently two fire companies supporting Carlisle: Union in downtown and Carlisle Fire and Rescue on the north side of Carlisle. Carlisle Fire and Rescue was founded by the merger of Cumberland-Goodwill Fire Rescue EMS inc (a merger of Cumberland Fire Company/CFC Ambulance and Goodwill Fire Company) and the Empire-Friendship Firefighter Association (a merger of Empire Hook and Ladder Company and Friendship Fire Company). CGFREMS's ambulance services are continued under their old name, though they no longer provide firefighting. Union Fire Company has remained merger-free since its inception. Union responds to nearly 1,000 calls a year, and it also supports the surrounding area. ==References== ===Citations=== {{Reflist|30em}} ===Bibliography=== * {{citation |contribution=[[s:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Carlisle (2.)|Carlisle]] |title=''[[s:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition|''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 9th ed.]], [[s:Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition/Volume V|Vol.&nbsp;V]]'' |editor-last=Baynes |editor-first=Thomas Spencer |display-editors=0 |publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons |location=New York |date=1878 |ref={{harvid|''EB''|1878}} |p=110 }}. * {{citation |contribution=[[s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Carlisle (Pennsylvania)|Carlisle]] |title=''[[s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica|''Encyclopædia Britannica'', 11th ed.]], [[s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Volume V|Vol.&nbsp;V]]'' |editor-last=Chisholm |editor-first=Hugh |editor2-last=Phillips |editor2-first=Walter Alison |display-editors=0 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=[[Cambridge, England|Cambridge]] |date=1911 |ref={{harvid|''EB''|1911}} |p=342 }}. ==Further reading== * Ridner, Judith. ''A Town In-Between: Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and the Early Mid-Atlantic Interior'' ( 2010) [http://www.amazon.com/Town--Between-Carlisle-Pennsylvania-Mid-Atlantic/dp/081224236X/ excerpt and text search] ==External links== {{Portal|Pennsylvania}} {{commons category}} * [http://www.carlislepa.org/ Borough of Carlisle official website] * [http://www.visitcumberlandvalley.com Cumberland Valley Visitors Bureau] * [http://www.frontiernet.net/~rochballparks3/carlisle/carlisle.htm Photographs of the Spring Carlisle collector car swap meet – ''Rochester Area Ballparks''] * [http://www.stahlseite.de/frogswitch.htm Photographs of the Frogswitch foundry in Carlisle] {{Cumberland County, Pennsylvania}} {{County Seats of Pennsylvania}} {{Pennsylvania}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:American Civil War sites]] [[Category:Carlisle, Pennsylvania| ]] [[Category:County seats in Pennsylvania]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1751]] [[Category:Harrisburg metropolitan area]] [[Category:Boroughs in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania|Carlisle]] [[Category:Pennsylvania in the American Civil War]] [[Category:1782 establishments in Pennsylvania]] [[Category:Populated places on the Underground Railroad]]'