Examine individual changes

'{{EngvarB|date=July 2014}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}} {{Infobox rail network |name = Rail transport in Malaysia |color = |logo = |image = KTM_class_91_and_class_92_at_kuala_lumpur_station.jpg |caption = [[KTM Class 91|Class 91]] of [[Electric Train Service|KTM ETS]] for Intercity Express and [[KTM Class 92|Class 92]] of [[KTM Komuter]] at [[Kuala Lumpur Railway Station]]. |nationalrailway = {{rint|my|railktm}} [[Keretapi Tanah Melayu]] |infrastructure = |majoroperators = {{rint|my|ktmkomuter}} {{rint|my|1}} {{rint|my|2}}'' {{rint|my|10}} ''{{RouteBox|1|KTM Komuter Northern Sector|#1964b7|#1964b7|bold=}} {{RouteBox|1|KTM Komuter Northern Sector|green|green|bold=}}<br>{{rint|my|rapidkl}} {{rint|my|3}} {{rint|my|4}} {{rint|my|5}} {{rint|my|8}} {{rint|my|9}} <br>{{rint|my|erl}} {{rint|my|6}} {{rint|my|7}} |ridership = +200000 people daily (2013)<ref>http://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/peningkatan-kadar-penggunaan-pengangkutan-awam-beri-semangat-kepada-spad-27816</ref> |passkm = |freight = |length = {{convert|1833|km|mi}} |doublelength = {{convert|767|km|mi|abbr=on}} |ellength = {{convert|767|km|mi|abbr=on}} |freightlength = |hslength = {{convert|336.9|km|mi|abbr=on}} |ogauge = |ogaugelength = |gauge = {{RailGauge|1000mm}} |hsgauge = {{RailGauge|1000mm}}<br>{{RailGauge|1435 mm}} |gauge1 = [[Metre gauge]]<br>{{RailGauge|1000mm}} |gauge1length = {{convert|1776|km|mi|abbr=on}} |gauge2 = [[Standard gauge]]<br>{{RailGauge|1435mm}} |gauge2length = {{convert|57|km|mi|abbr=on}} |gauge3 = |gauge3length = |gauge4 = |gauge4length = |el = |el1 = |el1length = |el2 = |el2length = |el3 = |el3length = |notunnels = |tunnellength = |longesttunnel = |nobridges = |longestbridge = |nostations = |highelevation = |highelat = |lowelevation = |lowelat = |map = |}} '''Rail transport in [[Malaysia]]''' comprises [[heavy rail]] (including [[commuter rail]]), light [[rapid transit]] (LRT), [[monorail]], [[airport rail link]] and a [[funicular]] railway line. Heavy rail is mostly used for intercity passenger and freight transport as well as some urban public transport, while LRTs are used for intra-city urban public transport and some special uses, such as transporting passengers between airport buildings. There are two [[commuter rail]] services linking Kuala Lumpur with the [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]]. The sole [[monorail]] line in the country is also used for public transport in [[Kuala Lumpur]], while the only [[funicular]] railway line is in [[Penang]]. The railway network covers most of the 11 states in [[Peninsular Malaysia]]. In East Malaysia, only the state of [[Sabah]] has railways. The network is also connected to the [[State Railway of Thailand|Thai railway]] {{RailGauge|1000mm}} network in the north. If the [[Burma Railway]] is rebuilt, services to Myanmar, India, and China could be initiated. ==Railway infrastructure== ===Metre gauge rail=== ====Peninsular Malaysia==== [[File:ETS at Ipoh.JPG|thumb|right|[[KTM Class 91]] at {{rws|Ipoh}}.]] [[File:ETS 5.jpg|thumb|right|[[KTM Class 93]] at {{rws|Pulau Sebang/Tampin}}.]] The intercity railway network in [[Peninsular Malaysia]] consists of two main lines: The '''[[KTM West Coast Line]]''' between Singapore and Padang Besar, [[Perlis]], on the Malaysian-Thai border, and the '''[[KTM East Coast Line]]''' between Gemas in [[Negeri Sembilan]] and Tumpat in [[Kelantan]]. There are also several branch lines – between Kuala Lumpur and Port Klang, Batu Junction and Batu Caves, Bukit Mertajam and Butterworth, Tapah Road and Teluk Intan, Kempas and Tanjung Pelepas, Kempas and Pasir Gudang, and between Pasir Mas and Rantau Panjang. The entire 1,699&nbsp;km network uses {{RailGauge|1000mm|allk=on}} tracks. The network uses ballasted setup with [[List of manufacturers of concrete sleepers#Malaysia|locally manufactured concrete sleepers]]. Since the early 1980s, companies formed via international collaboration, such as Mastrak Sdn Bhd had been producing these sleepers via technology transfer.<ref>http://www.asie.com.my/manufacturing.htm</ref><ref>http://www.pandrol.com/wp-content/uploads/FE-Main-Line-case-study.pdf</ref><ref>http://www.austrak.com/content/about-us/our-factories/</ref> In the five years period of 1982-1987 alone, it was estimated that about 500,000 pieces of sleepers had been laid for the Kerdau-Jerantut and Sungai Yu-Tumpat lines, giving clear preference due to its [[Concrete sleeper#Advantages and disadvantages|advantages over wooden sleepers]]. This was also evident in the changes made by Sabah State Railway in 2006 for the network under their control. The network is linked with the [[State Railway of Thailand|Thai railway]] network at Padang Besar and Rantau Panjang. A total of 438&nbsp;km of the network is [[double track]] and electrified. They include portions of the West Coast Line between [[Gemas]] and [[Ipoh]] and the entire Kuala Lumpur-Port Klang branch line as well as the stretch between Kuala Lumpur and [[Sentul, Kuala Lumpur|Sentul]] – [[Batu Caves]] branch line. The double-track and electrified portions between [[Kuala Kubu Bharu]] and [[Seremban]] and the Port Klang to Kuala Lumpur branch lines are used as the [[commuter]] train services. Double tracking and electrification of the stretch of the [[Batu Caves]] branch line between Sentul and Batu Caves are now complete, it added 7.5&nbsp;km of double track and electrified sections to the network. Double tracking of the West Coast line between [[Ipoh]] and [[Padang Besar, Malaysia|Padang Besar]] has started in January 2008 and expected to be completed by November 2014<ref>{{cite web|title=Electrified Double Track Project (EDTP), Ipoh – Padang Besar|url=http://www.gamuda.com.my/mrt_railway_edtp.html|publisher=Gamuda}}</ref> and will add a further 329&nbsp;km of double track to the network. Malaysia's national petroleum company [[Petronas]] owns a railway line which links its oil refinery complex and the nearby town of [[Kerteh]], Terengganu, with the petrochemical complex in Gebeng, Kuantan, and Kuantan Port near [[Kuantan]], Pahang. The line is mainly used to transport petroleum products, but it has been opened up recently for general freight transport, with operation being conducted by KTM. There have been proposals to extend the line to connect with the KTM line at Mentakab{{citation needed|date=March 2015}}, and there are suggestions to go as far as [[Kuala Terengganu]] and [[Tumpat District|Tumpat]].{{citation needed|date=March 2015}} ==== Sabah ==== [[File:Beaufort_Sabah_Railway-Station-01.jpg|thumb|right|The Sabah State Railway.]] There is a {{convert|134|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} railway line linking Tanjung Aru near [[Kota Kinabalu]] and [[Tenom]] in the interior of [[Sabah]] state. The line is the only railway on the island of [[Borneo]]. Besides normal passenger trains operated by the [[Sabah State Railway]] Department, the tracks are also used to for the [[North Borneo Railway]] tourist train. The line has been suffering from lack of maintenance for many years and in 2006, the Malaysian Government funded rehabilitation works for the line. A pipe dream is to have a railway line from Kota Kinabalu to Kuching through Brunei though the cost of this would mean seeking funding from Brunei. ===Standard gauge rail lines=== ====Airport Rail Link==== [[File:KLIAtransit at KLIA.jpg|thumb|right|ERL train at KLIA.]] One of Malaysia's two fastest rail lines is the {{convert|57|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} [[standard gauge]] line between [[Kuala Lumpur]] and [[KLIA]] & [[KLIA2]]. Depending on whose definition used, this line may not be considered high speed line because the maximum speed used is {{convert|160|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}. The line was constructed by Express Rail Link Sdn Bhd, which also operates the two train services which use the line, namely the [[KLIA Ekspres]] and [[KLIA Transit]]. Ideas have been mooted to extend this line as far south as [[Johor Bahru]] and as far north as [[Penang]] using high-speed rail infrastructure with a top speed of {{convert|300|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}}. However, this proposed line's construction has not yet commenced. ====Light Rapid Transit (LRT)==== {{main article|Public transport in Kuala Lumpur}} [[File:Ampang_LRT_train_for_Ampang_Line_%26_Sri_Petaling_Line.png|thumb|right|A 6-car trainset of [[Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co., Ltd.|CSR Zhuzhou EMU]] at {{lrts|Awan Besar}}]] [[File:Kelana Jaya Line.jpg|thumb|right|The new [[Bombardier Innovia Metro]] 300 for Kelana Jaya Line.]] There are two systems which are called LRT in Malaysia. Two are used in Kuala Lumpur to ferry paying passengers while the automated people mover is used at [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]] to ferry passengers from the Main Terminal Building and the satellite building. The two light rapid transit lines in Kuala Lumpur are the [[Kelana Jaya Line]] and the [[Ampang Line]]. The Kelana Jaya Line is a driver-less automatic system and is {{convert|29|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} long, running between the northeastern suburbs of Kuala Lumpur and [[Petaling Jaya]] to the west of Kuala Lumpur. It is mostly elevated except for a {{convert|4|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} stretch where it goes underground and there is a short at-grade stretch. The Kelana Jaya Line was completely operational from June 1999. The older [[Ampang Line]] is {{convert|27|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} and consists of two sub-lines, running between the suburb of [[Sentul, Kuala Lumpur|Sentul]] in the north of Kuala Lumpur, and [[Ampang Jaya|Ampang]] in the east, as well as [[Sri Petaling]] in the south. Trains branch off to either Ampang or Sri Petaling at Chan Sow Lin station about midway of both lines. The system is mostly at-grade outside the city, and elevated with it runs through the city. Unlike the trains on the Kelana Jaya Line, those on the Ampang Line have drivers. The line was completely opened on 1998. On 30 June 2016, [[Kelana Jaya Line]] and the [[Ampang Line]] Extension have completed and start operation. The automated people mover system at Kuala Lumpur International Airport, called the "[[Aerotrain (KLIA)|Aerotrain]]", is a simple people-mover shuttle system running along two {{convert|1286|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} guiderails between the Main Terminal Building and Satellite Building. The two ends of the guiderails are elevated while the middle portion goes under the main airport taxiway. Each rail has a three-car automatic driver-less train. ====Mass Rapid Transit (MRT)==== [[File:MRT SBK trainset Phileo Damansara.png|thumb|right|[[KVMRT|MRT]] operated by [[Rapid KL]]]] Phase 1 (Sungai Buloh - Semantan) of [[Sungai Buloh-Kajang MRT Line]] have started its operation by 15 December 2016. ===Monorail=== {{main article|Monorails in Malaysia}} [[File:Tren KL Monorail.JPG|thumb|right|[[KL Monorail]] Line operated by [[Rapid Rail]]]]Malaysia's only monorail system is used for public transport in [[Kuala Lumpur]]. It is {{convert|8.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} long, running from Titiwangsa in the north of central Kuala Lumpur, to [[KL Sentral]] just to the south of the city centre. It has 11 stations. The line consists of two parallel rails for most of the way except at the end stations where switches merge the two rails into a single rail before entering the station. The entire network is elevated. The system uses two-car trains which were manufactured in Malaysia. It is operated by [[Rapid Rail]] [[Sdn Bhd]]. There are proposals to construct monorails in [[Penang Monorail|Penang]], [[JB Monorail|Johor Bahru]], and [[Malacca]] but opposition has been vociferously expressed by Penang and Malacca residents concerned about the system being out of place in the historic downtown areas. Malacca has since focused on the less intrusive Aerorail. The federal administrative centre of [[Putrajaya]] was also supposed to have a monorail network and the main station and several metres of track have been built. However, the project has been postponed because of costs and the Malaysian government felt that it was not a priority project for the time being even though good public transportation would attract many Malaysians to re-locate to this new underpopulated city. [[Melaka|Malacca]] is currently constructing a {{convert|1.8|km|mi|abbr=on}} Aerorail line for urban mass-transit. For more information see [[Malacca Monorail]]. [[File:Monorel Melaka.jpg|thumb|Malacca monorail]] The monorail has been hit by a number of setbacks, including the suspension of the service after a British couple, Anne and James Croft, had to be rescued by firefighters when the monorail stopped unexpectedly between stations. This has been exacerbated by the imported Chinese trains not having any manuals available in either Bahasa Malaysia or English. Following this incident a number of safety upgrades have been suggested including the purchase of cherry pickers in case of any further stoppages.<ref>{{cite web |last=The Star |url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2011/11/8/nation/20111108131839&sec=nation |work=The Star Newspaper |title=SPAD suspends Malacca monorail service for a month |deadurl=no |accessdate=18 July 2012}}</ref> ===Cable Car Rail System (Funicular)=== [[File:Funicular to the top of the Penang Hill, Georgetown, Penang, Malaysia.JPG|thumb|right|The Doppelmayr Garaventa 100-FUL Penang Hill coach at lower station.]] The [[Penang Hill Railway]] in Penang is the only [[cable car]] [[cable railway|rail system]] type ([[funicular]]) in Malaysia. The line is made up of two separate sections, with the total length at {{convert|1.2|km|mi|abbr=on}}. Both sections are single lines with [[passing loop]]s at midway. The tracks are [[metre gauge]] and have an incline of over 50%. ==Others mode of transport== ===Cable Car=== {{main article|Awana Skyway|Genting Skyway|Langkawi Cable Car}} [[File:Top station new.jpg|thumb|right|Langkawi Cable Car Top Station, the two circular viewing platforms are visible]] The 2.4&nbsp;km [[Awana Skyway]] is an [[aerial tramway]] type [[cable car]] connecting Awana/Sri Layang and Genting Grand Hotel, Genting Highlands in Malaysia, was built in 1975 and was then Malaysia’s very first [[aerial lift]] cable car transport system before [[Genting Skyway]] is officially opened on 21 February 1997. It has ceased operations on 1 April 2014 to make way for the construction of a new cable car system using [[gondola lift]] type. The Genting Skyway is a [[gondola lift]] connecting Gohtong Jaya and Resorts World Genting in Malaysia. Its lower station, located approximately 51 kilometres (32&nbsp;mi) northeast of Kuala lumpur, comprises a 5-storey station building and a 10-storey car park while its upper station is located at the Highlands Hotel. The [[Langkawi Cable Car]] is a [[gondola lift]] is one of the major attractions in Langkawi Island, Kedah, Malaysia. It provides an [[aerial lift]] service from the Oriental Village at Teluk Burau to the peak of Gunung Machinchang, which is also the location of the Langkawi Sky Bridge. The total length is 2.2&nbsp;km (1.4&nbsp;mi). It was officially opened in 2003. ==Rail-based public transport in Kuala Lumpur== {{further|Public transport in Kuala Lumpur#Rail}} {| style="margin:auto;" |- | {| |- | style="text-align:left;"| |width=120| {| style="width:350px; background:none;" |- |width=100%| <big>'''[[Commuter rail|Commuter rail service]]'''</big><br> :<big>'''{{rint|my|1}} [[Seremban Line]]'''</big><br><small>Between '''[[Rawang Komuter station|Rawang]]''' and '''[[Sungai Gadut Komuter station|Sungai Gadut]]'''<br>''27 stations over 153 km, operated by [[KTM Komuter]]'' <br>''6 stations over 22 km for the '''[[Rawang-Sungai Gadut Route#Shuttle route|Rawang-Tanjung Malim shuttle service]]''', between '''[[Rawang Komuter station|Rawang]]''' and '''[[Tanjung Malim Komuter station|Tanjung Malim]]'''</small> :<big>'''{{rint|my|2}} [[Port Klang Line]]'''</big><br><small>Between '''[[Batu Caves Komuter station|Batu Caves]]''' and '''[[Port Klang Komuter station|Port Klang]]''' <br>''23 stations over 45 km, operated by [[KTM Komuter]]''</small> <big>'''[[Rapid transit|Rapid transit service]]'''</big><br> :<big>'''{{rint|my|9}} [[Sungai Buloh-Kajang MRT Line|Sungai Buloh-Kajang Line]] '''</big><br><small>Between '''[[Sungai Buloh railway station|Sungai Buloh]]''' and '''[[Semantan station|Semantan]]''' <br>''14 stations, operated by [[Rapid Rail]]''<br>''19 new stations for Phase 2 (July 2017), between '''[[Muzium Negara station|Muzium Negara]]''' to '''[[Kajang railway station|Kajang]]'''</small> <big>'''[[Light Rapid Transit|Light rapid transit service]]'''</big><br> :<big>'''{{rint|my|3}} [[Ampang Line]] '''</big><br><small>:Between '''[[Sentul Timur LRT station|Sentul Timur]]''' and '''[[Ampang LRT station|Ampang]]''' <br>''18 stations over 15 km, operated by [[Rapid Rail]]''<br>Between '''[[Sentul Timur LRT station|Sentul Timur]]''' and '''[[Sri Petaling LRT station|Sri Petaling]]'''<br>''18 stations over 15 km, operated by [[Rapid Rail]]''<br>''11 new stations over 18 km for the line extension, between '''[[Sri Petaling LRT station|Sri Petaling]]''' to '''[[Putra Heights LRT station|Putra Heights]]'''</small> :<big>'''{{rint|my|5}} [[Kelana Jaya Line]] '''</big><br><small>Between '''[[Terminal Putra LRT station|Gombak]]''' and '''[[Kelana Jaya LRT station|Kelana Jaya]]''' <br>''23 stations over 29 km, operated by [[Rapid Rail]]''<br>''13 new stations over 17 km for the line extension, between '''[[Kelana Jaya LRT station|Kelana Jaya]]''' to '''[[Putra Heights LRT station|Putra Heights]]'''</small> <big>'''[[Monorail|Monorail service]]'''</big><br> :<big>'''{{rint|my|8}} [[KL Monorail|KL Monorail Line]] '''</big><br><small>Between '''[[KL Sentral]]''' and '''[[Titiwangsa station|Titiwangsa]]''' <br>''11 stations over 8.6 km, operated by [[Rapid Rail]]''</small> <big>'''[[Airport rail link|Airport rail link service]]'''</big><br> :<big>'''{{rint|my|6}} [[KLIA Ekspres|KLIA Ekspress Line]] '''</big><br><small>From '''[[KL Sentral]]''' to '''[[KLIA]]''' <br>''Non-stop over 75 km, operated by [[Express Rail Link|ERL]]''</small> :<big>'''{{rint|my|7}} [[KLIA Transit|KLIA Transit Line]] '''</big><br><small>Between '''[[KL Sentral]]''' and '''[[KLIA]]''' <br>''5 stations over 75 km, operated by [[Express Rail Link|ERL]]''</small> |} |} |} ==Railway operators== ===Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad=== The main intercity passenger train operator is [[Keretapi Tanah Melayu]] Berhad (KTMB), a corporation owned by the Malaysian government. It operates [[KTM Intercity]] passenger trains on both main lines and the Bukit Mertajam-Butterworth branch. The other branch lines are either used for freight or not used at all, with the exception of the Kuala Lumpur-Port Klang and Batu Junction-Sentul stretch of the Batu Caves branch lines which are used for its [[commuter train]] service, [[KTM Komuter]]. The commuter service also uses the double-track and electrified portions of the West Coast Line between Rawang and Seremban. KTMB is also the main operator of freight trains in Malaysia. Besides its own network, KTMB also operates trains on the Kerteh-Kuantan railway under contract with Petronas, the owner of the line. ===Sabah State Railway=== The [[Sabah State Railway]], previously the North Borneo Railway, is the only state department in Malaysia to operate a railway service. It operates passenger and freight services along the 134&nbsp;km railway line between Tanjung Aru and Tenom in [[East Malaysia]]. ===Express Rail Link Sdn Bhd=== [[File:Klia transit logo.png|right|70px|KLIA Transit]] The private company was set up to develop and operate the high-speed railway between Kuala Lumpur's [[KL Sentral]] station and [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]]. It operates two services along the 57&nbsp;km [[standard gauge]] line, the non-stop [[KLIA Ekspres]] and the commuter-like [[KLIA Transit]]. Trains on the two services can reach a maximum speed of 160&nbsp;km/h and are the fastest in Malaysia. Besides trains, the company also provides check-in facilities at its Kuala Lumpur City Airport Terminal at [[KL Sentral]]. Except for check-in baggage of passengers, Express Rail Link does not handle any cargo. === Rapid Rail === [[Rapid Rail]] was set up by [[Prasarana Malaysia]] to operate public transport dedicated to rail services in [[Klang Valley]]. [[Prasarana Malaysia]] is fully owned by the Finance Ministry Incorporated. The company currently operates one MRT line, two LRT lines and one Monorail line in Kuala Lumpur, namely the [[Sungai Buloh-Kajang MRT Line]], [[Ampang Line]], [[Kelana Jaya Line]] and [[KL Monorail]] Line. === Other operators === *'''Malaysia Airports (Sepang) Berhad:''' The main operator of airports in Malaysia is also the operator of the [[Aerotrain (KLIA)|Aerotrain]] at [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]]. *'''Penang State Government:''' The state government of [[Penang]] operates the [[Penang Hill Railway]]. == History == [[File:KITLV - 79944 - Kleingrothe, C.J. - Medan - Headquarters of the F.M.S. Railways at Kuala Lumpur - circa 1910.tif|thumb|upright=1.3|Headquarters of the F.M.S. Railways at Kuala Lumpur - circa 1910. The headquarters was later moved to a building opposite Kuala Lumpur Railway Station. Railway line heading north from Kuala Lumpur on left, railway sidings on right.]] Railways in Malaysia began because of the need to transport tin from mines in the hinterland of the West Coast states of Peninsular Malaysia to coastal ports. The first railway line, which was opened on 1 June 1885, was about 13&nbsp;km long and ran between [[Port Weld]] and [[Taiping, Perak|Taiping]], the heart of the tin-rich Larut Valley in [[Perak]] state.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pembukaan jalan kereptapi Taiping-Port Weld (Opening of the Taiping-Port Weld railway) |url=http://hids.arkib.gov.my/doc/jilidii/jun/01_06_~1.htm |date=1 June 1980 |accessdate= 28 June 2007 }}</ref> The second line was opened a year later to link [[Kuala Lumpur]], again the center of tin-mining activities in the Klang Valley, and [[Klang, Malaysia|Klang]] and subsequently to Port Swettenham ([[Port Klang]] today). === Timeline === * 1885 – The first railway line in [[British Malaya|Malaya]] between [[Taiping, Perak|Taiping]] and [[Port Weld]] is officially opened on 1 June. * 1886 – Opening of line between [[Kuala Lumpur]] and [[Klang, Malaysia|Klang]]. * July 1888 – The first train crash in the country occurred in [[Teluk Intan##Places of interest#Sungai Kerawai Halt|Sungai Kerawai]] near [[Teluk Anson]], Perak. * 1891 – Opening of the line between [[Seremban]] and [[Port Dickson]]. * 1893 – [[Teluk Intan|Teluk Anson]] to Tapah Road line opened. * 1896 – Federated Malay States Railway created, merging the operations of the initial four lines. * 1900 – Opening of the [[Victoria Bridge, Malaysia|Victoria Railway Bridge]] across [[Perak River]] in Perak. * 1903 – Line between Tank Road and Woodlands in Singapore opened for service. * 1909 – The [[West Coast line, Malaysia|West Coast Line]] between Prai in [[Penang]] state and [[Johor Bahru]] completed and opened. * 1910 – The first stretch of the East Coast Line between [[Gemas]] and Bahau is opened. * 1923 - [[Johor-Singapore Causeway]] was opened, connecting Singapore's railway network with the rest of Malaya. * 1931 – East Coast Line between [[Tumpat District|Tumpat]] and Gemas completed with the opening of the last stretch between Gua Musang and Kuala Gris in [[Kelantan]]. * 3 August 1995 – The first [[KTM Komuter]] trains, Malaysia's first to be run on electricity, began taking passengers between [[Kuala Lumpur]] and [[Rawang, Selangor|Rawang]]. Entire commuter train network opened to passengers with the final stretch to Seremban becoming operational on 18 December 1995. * 14 April 2002 – Malaysia's first high-speed train, the [[KLIA Ekspres]] between [[KL Sentral]] and [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]] was officially launched. At the same time, the [[KL Sentral#KL CAT|Kuala Lumpur City Air Terminal]] in KL Sentral was also opened. * 1 July 2011 – KTMB's [[Tanjong Pagar railway station|Tanjong Pagar]] and [[Bukit Timah Railway Station|Bukit Timah]] railway stations in Singapore were closed. All Singapore operations were moved to [[Woodlands Train Checkpoint]]. == Projects and expansion plans == ===Rawang-Padang Besar double tracking and electrification project=== The double-tracking and [[Railway electrification in Malaysia|electrification]] of 179&nbsp;km of the main West Coast line enables KTMB to run trains at a maximum speed of 160&nbsp;km/h from [[Seremban]] via [[KL Sentral]] to [[Ipoh]]. KTMB has introduced a rapid intercity service between [[Seremban railway station]] via [[KL Sentral]] to [[Ipoh railway station]] running 16 services daily with their new [[KTM Class 91]]. This project, which has been beset by problems and delays, is completed by beginning of 2010 and it cut down the journey time of KL-Ipoh to 2.5 hours. This project also enabled KTMB to extend its [[KTM Komuter]] service from [[Rawang railway station]] to [[Rasa Komuter station]] in 2007, and later extended to [[Tanjung Malim railway station]] in 2009. The cost of the project originally was RM4.6 billion. The project started in 2000 but has been beset by numerous problems and as of June 2007, it was completed by the beginning of 2010 and operations for the [[ETS Line]] started on 12 August 2010. The [[ETS Line]] is currently being extended even further to [[Padang Besar railway station]], which is completed in 2015. Along this extension will be the longest railway tunnel in South-East Asia, the [[Berapit Tunnel]]. For more details, see [[Keretapi Tanah Melayu]] page. ===Seremban-Gemas double-tracking and electrification project=== {{see also|Railway electrification in Malaysia}} On 7 January 2008, the government of Malaysia announced that the Indian company, [[IRCON International]] won the USD1 billion ([[MYR]] 3.45 billion) contract to build a double track from [[Seremban railway station]] to [[Gemas railway station]]. The 100&nbsp;km [[Seremban]] – [[Sungai Gadut]] double tracking project was completed in 2010 and to [[Gemas railway station]] by 2013. The track involves 64.85&nbsp;km stretch in [[Negeri Sembilan]], 27.84&nbsp;km in [[Melaka]] and 1.45&nbsp;km in [[Johor]]. A 1.8&nbsp;km tunnel and 9 bridges will be built in the process. On 23 May 2008, a joint venture between [[IJM Corporation Berhad|IJM]] and [[Norwest Corporation]] won a [[MYR]]490.12 million contract from IRCON to construct, commission and maintain infrastructure works for the electrified double-track project. The construction period is 21 months.<ref>{{cite news| title=IJM-Norwest clinches RM490mil rail contract| url=http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/5/24/business/21354898&sec=business| date=24 May 2008| accessdate=24 May 2008| work=The Star}}</ref> On 27 May 2008, a joint venture between Loh & Loh and Pasti Abadi Sdn Bhd won a [[MYR]] 273.01 million contract to construct, commission and maintain infrastructure works. The contract include site clearance, demolition and relocation works. On 26 January 2010, [[Chief Minister]] of the state of [[Malacca]], [[Datuk Seri]] [[Mohd Ali Rustam]] said the work on the dual-track railway was 32.81% completed and it was expected to be operational by 2013. Once completed, the travel time between [[Malacca]] and [[Negri Sembilan]] will be shortened and new six-coach trains capable of carrying 350 passengers at 140&nbsp;km per hour will be used. Part of the project, from [[Seremban railway station]] to [[Sungai Gadut Komuter station]] was completed in April 2011, and from [[Sungai Gadut Komuter station]] to [[Gemas railway station]] has been completed on 31 July 2013. The line is energised in stages starting from Sungai Gadut – Rembau stretch in April 2013, Rembau – Batang Melaka in early July 2013 and finally Batang Melaka – Gemas section in late July 2013. The line was completed on 30 October 2013. ===Kuala Lumpur light rail transit expansion=== On 29 August 2006, Malaysian Deputy Prime Minister Mohd Najib Abdul Razak announced a RM10 billion plan to expand Kuala Lumpur's public transport network. The plan included extending the existing [[Kelana Jaya Line]] from [[Kelana Jaya]] to [[Putra Heights]] and the [[Ampang Line]] from [[Sri Petaling LRT station]] to [[Putra Heights]] via [[Puchong]]. The plan also will see a new light rail transit line being constructed between Kota Damansara to the northwest of Kuala Lumpur and Cheras which lies to the southeast of Kuala Lumpur. [[Syarikat Prasarana Negara Berhad]], the owner of most public transport assets in Kuala Lumpur, signed an agreement on 13 October 2006 with Bombardier and a Malaysian company joint venture for the purchase of 22 light rail vehicle sets with an option for another 13 for RM1.2 billion for the [[Kelana Jaya Line]]. The 22 vehicles will have four cars each and will boost the carrying capacity of the fleet by 1,500 people. The 22 sets will be delivered from August 2008. The system currently operates 35 two-cars train set. On 27 July 2009, Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Abdul Razak announced that the 35 new four-car trains will be operational by end-2010. The [[Ampang Line]] now operates using 6 car trains. The entire project is completed and start operation by 30 June 2016. ===Kuala Lumpur-Singapore high-speed railway=== {{main article|Kuala Lumpur-Singapore High Speed Rail}} Just after the completion of the [[KLIA Ekspres]], the project proponent [[YTL Corporation]] Berhad proposed a [[high-speed rail]] link between [[Kuala Lumpur]] and Singapore. At that time, Prime Minister Dr Mahathir Mohamad said Malaysia could not afford such an expensive project. YTL again proposed the project in 2006<ref>{{Cite news |last=Moses |first=Rajan |title=Bullet to Singapore: From KL in 90 minutes |newspaper=[[New Straits Times]] |pages=1 |date=5 July 2006}}</ref> and as of June 2007, the Malaysian Government said the feasibility of the proposal was still being studied.<ref>{{Cite news |title=No decision yet on express rail link to S'pore |newspaper=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]] |pages=8 |date=28 March 2007}}</ref> The RM8 billion project would slash rail travel time from more than 6 hours to about 90 minutes. The main stumbling blocks, apart from costs, appears to be the JB-Woodlands Causeway which Mahathir had once hoped to replace with a 'scenic bridge'. There were doubts about the capacity of such a curved bridge to carry a rail line and YTL having to use KTM land which runs from Woodlands to Keppel. Redevelopment of this land in Singapore could probably help fund the proposed railway if the various parties involved each had a stake in each other. If the Causeway remains or a straight bridge is one day built to replace it, there should be no difficulty to have a high speed line on either. The high speed line proposal, like the bridge proposal, appears to have reached a stumbling block which only can be overcome at the highest political levels where other bilateral issues have to first be resolved or dealt with at the same time. As of December 2007, YTL Corporation Group managing director, Tan Sri Francis Yeoh Sock Ping, express great confidence that the project will be approved by both governments. [[JPMorgan]] added that almost all regulatory road blocks in building the railway is resolved. The key consideration in the project approval rests in the role of developing the [[Iskandar Development Region]].<ref>[http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/Thursday/Latest/20071206172829/Article/index_html YTL confident of getting KL-Spore bullet train project]</ref><ref>[http://www.theedgedaily.com/cms/content.jsp?id=com.tms.cms.article.Article_b2a9217a-cb73c03a-38d46000-e84c4439 YTL Corp sure of govt nod for KL-S’pore bullet train project]</ref> On January 2008, the transport minister, Datuk Seri Chan Kong Choy said that the government is still looking in the proposal and had yet to make a final decision. He added that the train would be [[Broad gauge]] and will run at 350&nbsp;km/h.<ref name="thestar nov 15">[http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/1/15/nation/20006095&sec=nation Restored coaches for railway line]</ref> If this is the case, new lines need to be laid down as the currently ERL tracks are only [[Standard gauge]]. In March 2008, the government is still studying the social impact of the project through the Economic Planning Unit. The Deputy Prime Minister stress out that the risk and funding of the project will squarely rest on the private sector.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/Monday/Latest/20080414200640/Article/index_html |title=Private sector must bear bullet train risk: Najib |accessdate=15 April 2008 |work=Business Times |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415210640/http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/Monday/Latest/20080414200640/Article/index_html |archivedate=15 April 2008 }}</ref> [[Siemens]], a major railroad partner in Malaysia has express interest in giving out solutions to the project. They have proposed [[Siemens Velaro|Velaro]] trains which has a top speed of 350&nbsp;km/h as a solution for the project.<ref>[http://biz.thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/2/25/business/20322530&sec=business Siemens banks on niche in energy-efficiency train]</ref> On 22 April 2008, the government announce that the project was put on hold indefinitely due to high cost. The government said that the model that YTL corp. was proposing requires the government to borne a significant amount of financing.<ref>{{cite news| title=High cost derails KL-S'pore bullet train project| url=http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/Wednesday/Nation/20080423014819/Article/| work=Business Times | accessdate=23 April 2008 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080527224814/http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/Wednesday/Nation/20080423014819/Article/ <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 27 May 2008}}</ref> According to news reports, the decision came at the time of political upheaval due to the [[Malaysian general election, 2008|recent general election]], supported by voices like [[Keretapi Tanah Melayu]] who opposes such projects and consideration to protect [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]].<ref>{{cite news|title=YTL bullet train proposal shelved| accessdate=22 April 2008| author=Gan Yen Kuan | url=http://www.theedgedaily.com/cms/content.jsp?id=com.tms.cms.article.Article_794b5046-cb73c03a-c1186f00-bde96c95|work=The Edge |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080430162528/http://www.theedgedaily.com/cms/content.jsp?id=com.tms.cms.article.Article_794b5046-cb73c03a-c1186f00-bde96c95 <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 30 April 2008}}</ref> On March 2009, it was reported the YTL was considering to revive the project again. It will seek to build the rail line on the coastline of [[Peninsular Malaysia]] rather than an earlier proposal of building on the existing track.<ref>{{cite news| title= Malaysia's YTL to revive bullet train project| url= http://sg.news.yahoo.com/rtrs/20090314/tap-malaysia-ytl-c3bb44c.html| publisher=Yahoo News and Reuters| date=14 March 2009| accessdate=15 March 2009}}</ref> ===Sarawak Railway Line=== As part of [[Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy]] project, the government is planning a 320&nbsp;km railway track between [[Similajau]] in [[Bintulu]] Division and [[Tanjung Manis]] in [[Mukah]] Division. The cost nor the project time line is yet to be revealed.<ref>{{cite news|title= Sarawak's first railway to be built in Score, says Taib | url= http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Tuesday/NewsBreak/20080708143906/Article/index_html| work=New Straits Times| accessdate=8 July 2008| date=8 July 2008 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080709161306/http://www.nst.com.my/Current_News/NST/Tuesday/NewsBreak/20080708143906/Article/index_html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 9 July 2008}}</ref> ===Gemas – Johor Bahru Electrification and Double-Tracking=== The [[MYR]] 8 billion contract was expected to be tendered out by end 2008 pending a mid-term review of [[Ninth Malaysia Plan]]. The project would have included building over 200&nbsp;km of parallel railway tracks, including stations, depots, halts, yards and bridges and cover systems such as electrification, signalling and communications.<ref>{{cite news|title=Tenders may be called | url=http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/Monday/Latest/DHB.xml/Article/index_html | work=Business Times| author=Sharen Kaur| date=16 June 2008| accessdate=16 June 2008 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20080618200528/http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/Monday/Latest/DHB.xml/Article/index_html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 18 June 2008}}</ref> This included the realignment between Pulau Sebang, Melaka to Gemas section. On May 2009, [[Global Rail]] Sdn Bhd, a relatively small contractor and its Chinese partner, [[China Infraglobe]] submitted a proposal to the Government to build and upgrade tracks from [[Gemas]] to [[Johor Baharu]] at a cost of [[MYR]] 5 billion. According to them, the project would be on a [[private finance initiative]] basis and the plan submitted to the Finance Ministry later in June 2009 was conditional upon signing over mineral rights in Johor State.<ref>{{cite news| title= RM5b rail project on drawing board| url= http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/articles/Rail8-2/Article/index_html| work=Business Times| date=12 May 2009| author= Sharen Kaur}}</ref> On 29 January 2011, Transport Minister [[Datuk Seri]] [[Kong Cho Ha]] said that the Gemas-Johor Bharu double-tracking and electrification project was expected to start that year. He added that the Government hoped to appoint the contractor for the project that year and Malaysia was still in the midst of talking with [[China Railway Construction]], but nothing was confirmed yet. Kong said two consultants had been appointed, a design consultant and an independent checker, to monitor the project. The construction of the 197&nbsp;km of tracks, at an estimated cost between [[MYR]] 6 billion and [[MYR]] 7 billion, would take three years.<ref>{{cite news| title=JB-Gemas railway project expected to begin this year| url= http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2011/1/29/tenang/7900348&sec=tenang| work= The Star| date=29 January 2011}}</ref> On 27 October 2015, the public display exercise, required for all development of new railways under Section 84 of Malaysia's Land Public Transport Act 2010, for the Gemas-Johor Bahru Electrification Double Tracking Project began and will run until 27 January 2016. According to documents on display to the public, construction is expected to begin in 2016 and be completed in 2021.<ref>All materials available for public inspection are available at http://www.mot.gov.my/my/projek-pembangunan/projek-pembangunan-rel/projek-gemas-jb</ref> The length of the line to be electrified and double-tracked is 197&nbsp;km between Chainage 563.040 at [[Gemas]] and Chainage 754.180 at [[Johor Bahru]]. The project includes the construction of 11 stations at {{rws|Segamat}}, {{rws|Genuang}}, {{rws|Labis}}, {{rws|Bekok}}, {{rws|Paloh}}, {{rws|Kluang}}, {{rws|Mengkibol}}, {{rws|Rengam}}, {{rws|Layang-Layang}}, {{rws|Kulai}} and {{rws|Kempas Baru}}, and 3 future stations at {{rws|Tenang}}, {{rws|Chamek}} and {{rws|Senai}}. The upgraded line is supposed to cater for at least 22 services daily involving [[KTM ETS]], [[KTM Intercity]] and shuttle train services as well as [[KTM Komuter]]. The documents displayed also stated that the electrification for the stretch will have the same specifications as that of the Seremban-Gemas stretch, name at 25kV AC 50&nbsp;Hz single phase and supplied via an overhead catenary. Train operations for this stretch will be integrated with the Train Control Centres at KL Sentral and Gemas. The design speed for the tracks is 160&nbsp;km/h. ===Klang Valley MRT=== The [[Klang Valley MRT]] is a [[Gamuda Berhad]]-[[MMC Corporation Berhad]] proposed three-line 150&nbsp;km Mass Rapid Transit system for the Klang Valley which envisages a "Wheel and Spoke" concept comprising two northeast-southwest radial lines and one circle line looping around Kuala Lumpur city. The proposal was announced in early-June 2010 and construction works targeted to commence in early-2011, leading to project completion in 2016. The Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit system will be the backbone of a new transport system in Klang Valley, which will be home to an estimated 10 million people by 2020. The Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit system will have several lines integrated with the light rail transit (LRT), Monorail, KTMB Komuter and intra- and inter-city bus services to form an effective public transportation system. In December 2010, the Government announced that the Sungai Buloh – Kajang Line will be the first to take off. The Sungai Buloh – Kajang Line will run from Sungai Buloh to Kajang through Kuala Lumpur city centre. This route which runs from north-west to south-east of Kuala Lumpur is densely populated and is currently inadequately served by rail-based public transport. Upon expected completion by 2016, the Sungai Buloh – Kajang line will provide service to 1.2 million people with an estimated daily ridership of 442,000. Construction of the line was officially launched on 8 July 2011 by Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak. Phase 1 of the line, from Sungai Buloh to Semantan station will be operational by 31 December 2016 while the remainder of the line will be operational by 31 July 2017. As of 21 December 2016, Phase 1 have started its operation on 15 December 2016 and Phase 2 will start operation by July 2017.<ref>{{cite news| title=ProjekMRT Sungai Buloh - Kajang soap 85%| url= http://www.utusan.com.my/berita/wilayah/projek-mrt-sungai-buloh-kajang-siap-85-1.345921}}</ref> Besides the Sungai Buloh – Kajang Line, the other two lines which were proposed will be built based on the Land Public Transport Masterplan and Urban Rail Development Plan being drawn by the Land Public Transport Commission. The Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit system including all the stations will be owned by the Government of Malaysia through Mass Rapid Transit Corporation Sdn Bhd (MRT Corp), a special purpose vehicle which is 100% owned by the Ministry of Finance Incorporated. RapidKL, which is the current operator of the Klang Valley's light rail transit, monorail and a majority of its bus routes, will operate the future mass rapid transit system under an integrated fare system. The newly established [http://www.spad.gov.my/ Land Public Transport Commission] or Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat (SPAD) is the supervising agency of the [[Klang Valley Mass Rapid Transit Project]]. == See also == {{colbegin}} * [[Bukit Berapit Rail Tunnel]] * [[Keretapi Tanah Melayu]] * [[KL Monorail]] * [[KLIA Ekspres]]/[[KLIA Transit]] * [[Rail transport by country]] * [[Sabah State Railway]] * [[Transport in Malaysia]] {{colend}} ==References== {{Reflist|30em}} {{Commons category}} {{Malaysia topics}} {{Rail transport in Malaysia}} {{Klang Valley train stations}} {{Urban Rail Transit in ASEAN}} {{Asia in topic|Rail transport in}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Rail Transport In Malaysia}} [[Category:Rail transport in Malaysia| ]]'