Examine individual changes

'{{Use British English|date=October 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}} {{Infobox UK place |static_image_name = uk-pangbourne-centre.jpg |static_image_caption = Pangbourne village centre |official_name = Pangbourne |label_position = left |civil_parish = Pangbourne |unitary_england = [[West Berkshire]] |lieutenancy_england = [[Berkshire]] |region = South East England |country = England |constituency_westminster = [[Reading West (UK Parliament constituency)|Reading West]] |population=2978 |population_ref=([[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]])<ref name=ons>[http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk Key Statistics: Dwellings; Quick Statistics: Population Density; Physical Environment: Land Use Survey 2005]</ref> |area_total_km2=6.8 |post_town = Reading |postcode_district= RG8 |postcode_area = RG |dial_code = 0118 |os_grid_reference = SU6376 |coordinates = {{coord|51.4839|-1.0869|display=inline,title}} }} '''Pangbourne''' is a large village and [[civil parishes in England|civil parish]] on the [[River Thames]] in the English county of [[Berkshire]]. Pangbourne has its own shops, schools, [[Pangbourne railway station|a railway station on the Great Western Line]] and a parish hall. Outside of its [[nucleated village|grouped developed area]] is an independent school, [[Pangbourne College]]. ==Geography== Pangbourne is centred {{convert|4|mi|0}} west of [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]], its nearest town and {{convert|20|mi}} from [[Oxford]] on the [[River Thames]] and is across the river from the [[nucleated village|small developed cluster]] of the [[Oxfordshire]] village of [[Whitchurch-on-Thames]]. The two villages are connected by both [[Whitchurch Bridge]] and by the traversable weir of [[Whitchurch Lock]], though the latter is not for public use.<ref name="osmap2">Ordnance Survey (2006). ''OS Explorer Map 159 – Reading''. {{ISBN|0-319-23730-3}}.</ref> [[Pangbourne railway station]] is a minor stop on the [[Great Western Main Line]] and has stopping services to [[Oxford]] via [[Didcot Parkway railway station|Didcot Parkway]]{{refn|group=n|Didcot's Parkway station, three stops away, has direct services to all main towns west along the [[M4 corridor]] and [[Devon]] and [[Cornwall]].}} and [[London Paddington]] via Reading two stops away. The [[River Pang|Pang]] flows through the centre of Pangbourne village before joining the Thames between Whitchurch Lock and Whitchurch bridge.<ref name="osmap2"/> Its [[European water vole|water vole]]s are thought to have inspired author [[Kenneth Grahame]]'s character [[Ratty (water vole)|Ratty]] and his book ''[[The Wind in the Willows]]''.<ref name=dtwtilg>{{cite news | first = Aislinn | last = Simpson | work = [[The Daily Telegraph]] | page = 11 | date = 27 August 2007 | title = Waterways that inspired literary gems at risk | url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1561450/Waterways-that-inspired-literary-gems-at-risk.html }}</ref> Most of the developed area is just above the current [[flood plain]] of the River Thames which benefits from hay [[meadow]]s traditionally used as flood meadows to either side of Pangbourne, fewer than 15 properties here flooded during the [[Winter storms of 2013–14 in the United Kingdom]]. ==Amenities== Pangbourne has its own shops, primary schools, [[Pangbourne railway station|a railway station on the Great Western Line]] and a parish hall. In recent years Pangbourne has become a centre for high end sports cars with Lamborghini Pangbourne and Aston Martin Reading<ref name=amreading>{{cite web |url= http://www.hrowen.co.uk/aston-martin/locations/38/aston-martin-reading/ |title=Aston Martin Reading |publisher=HR Owen | accessdate=2015-06-02 }}</ref> joining the long-standing Bentley Berkshire dealership as part of the [[H.R. Owen]] group. Outside of its [[nucleated village|grouped developed area]] is an independent school, [[Pangbourne College]]. ===Demography and land use=== {| class="wikitable" |- |+ '''2011 Published Statistics: Population, home ownership and extracts from Physical Environment, surveyed in 2005<ref name=ons />''' |- !Output area||Homes owned outright||Owned with a loan||Socially rented||Privately rented||Other||km² roads||km² water||km² domestic gardens||Usual residents ||km² |- align=center |Civil parish|| 478 || 418 || 101 || 187 || 41 || 0.237 || 0.012 || 0.654 || 2978 || 6.8 |} ==Government== [[File:Village name sign - Pangbourne - geograph.org.uk - 218346.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Village name sign by its secular parish hall with homes in background.]] Pangbourne is a civil parish with an elected parish council. The parish covers the immediate agricultural [[buffer zone|green buffer]] and a woodland and cultivated south-western area. This rural area contains no other significant settlements and includes Pangbourne College.<ref name=osem>{{cite web |url= http://www.election-maps.co.uk/ |title=Election Maps |publisher=Ordnance Survey |accessdate=27 February 2008}}</ref> The parish shares boundaries with the Berkshire parishes of [[Purley-on-Thames]], [[Tidmarsh with Sulham]], [[Theale, Berkshire|Theale]], [[Englefield, Berkshire|Englefield]], [[Bradfield, Berkshire|Bradfield]] and [[Basildon, Berkshire|Basildon]]. Along the River Thames to the north, there is also a boundary with the Oxfordshire parish of [[Whitchurch-on-Thames]].<ref name="osem"/> The parish is in the area of the [[unitary authority]] of [[West Berkshire]]. The [[Parish councils in England|parish council]] and the unitary authority are responsible for different aspects of local government. Pangbourne forms part of the [[Reading West (constituency)|Reading West parliamentary constituency]]. The parish is twinned with [[Houdan]] in France.<ref name="Archant twinning">{{cite web |url= http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns |title=British towns twinned with French towns |accessdate =11 July 2013 |work=Archant Community Media Ltd}}</ref> {{clear}} ==History== [[File:James the Less Pangbourne.JPG|thumb|St James the Less parish church]] Pangbourne's name is recorded from 844<ref name=rbhpang>{{cite web |work=Royal Berkshire History |title=Pangbourne |last=Ford |first=David Nash |url= http://www.berkshirehistory.com/villages/pangbourne.html |publisher=Nash Ford Publishing |year=2004 |accessdate=25 April 2009}}</ref> as [[Old English]] ''Pegingaburnan'' ([[dative]] case), which means "the stream of the people of [a man called] Pǣga". This name was shortened to make the name of the [[River Pang|Pang]]. In [[Anglo-Norman|Norman times]], the [[manorialism|manor]] was given to [[Reading Abbey]] and the [[manor house]] – also called Bere Court – became the [[Abbot]]'s summer residence. The last abbot, [[Hugh Cook Faringdon]], was arrested there in 1539{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} and subsequently executed in [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]]. The manor was later purchased by Sir John Davis, the [[Elizabethan]] mathematician and the [[Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex|Earl of Essex]]'s fellow-conspirator. His [[church monument|monument]] is in the [[Church of England parish church]] of [[James, son of Alphaeus|Saint James the Less]]. Other monuments and [[Funerary hatchment|hatchment]]s in the church are mostly to the Breedon family, John Breedon senior bought the manor in 1671. He was [[High Sheriff of Berkshire]] and brother of the [[Lieutenant-Governors of Nova Scotia|Governor of Arcadia and Nova Scotia]], whose son later succeeded him. The family produced a number of sheriffs and MPs for Berkshire, as well as doctors and rectors of the parish.<ref name=rbhpang/> [[Kenneth Grahame]], author of ''[[The Wind in the Willows]]'', retired to Church Cottage in Pangbourne. He died there in 1932. [[E. H. Shepherd]]'s famous illustrations of his book are said to have been inspired by the Thameside landscape there.<ref name=rbhpang/> The Falkland Islands Memorial Chapel at Pangbourne College was opened by [[Queen Elizabeth II]] in March 2000. It was built to commemorate the lives and sacrifice of all who died during the [[Falklands War]] of 1982, and the courage of those who served with them to protect the sovereignty of the [[Falkland Islands]].<ref name=fimc>{{cite web |title=The Falklands Island Memorial Chapel |url= http://www.falklands-chapel.org.uk/about.php |publisher=The Trustees of the Falkland Island Memorial Chapel Trust |accessdate=25 April 2009}}</ref> The Queen revisited the Memorial Chapel in 2007 to mark the 25th anniversary of the Falklands war. At the north-west of the village is wildlife gardens [[Beale Park]]. ==Pangbourne and District Silver Band== [[File:PangbourneAndDistrictSilverBandAtBlenheimPalace25July2010.jpg|thumb|The Pangbourne and District Silver Band July 2010]] The history of the Pangbourne Band began in 1893 when a fife and drum band used to rehearse in a shed behind the water mill, but when the First World War broke out the band broke up, re-forming in 1919 after the Armistice. Regular concerts were held from then until the outbreak of the Second World War, when many of the bandsmen served in the Armed Forces and the band again broke up and the instruments were held in storage. In 1962, Henry Fuller, a local tutor, started the village brass group. Local musicians became involved when the old instruments were recovered from storage, and the band was established as a full-size contesting brass band within a few years.<ref>[http://www.pangbourneband.org.uk/home/history History – Pangbourne Band Website] Retrieved on 17 July 2013.</ref> In 2009 in music Pangbourne All-Comers' Band was begun (adults and children) incorporating brass and for parade days drums and [[glockenspiel#bell lyre|bell lyre glockenspiel]]. ==Notes and references== ;Notes {{Reflist|group=n}} ;References {{Reflist}} ==Further reading== *{{cite book |editor1-last=Ditchfield |editor1-first=P.H. |editor1-link=Peter Ditchfield |editor2-last=Page |editor2-first=W.H. |editor2-link=William Henry Page |year=1923 |chapter=Pangbourne |title=A History of the County of Berkshire |volume=3 |series=[[Victoria County History]] |location= |publisher= |pages=303–306 |url= http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=43221 |ref=harv}} *{{cite book |last=Pevsner |first=Nikolaus |authorlink=Nikolaus Pevsner |year=1966 |title=Berkshire |series=[[Pevsner Architectural Guides#Buildings of England|The Buildings of England]] |location=Harmondsworth |publisher=[[Penguin Books]] |pages=191–192 |ref=harv}} ==External links== {{commons category|Pangbourne|position=left}} {{Wikivoyage}} *[http://www.pangbourne-on-thames.com/ Pangbourne village website] *[http://www.berkshirehistory.com/villages/pangbourne.html Royal Berkshire History: Pangbourne] {{West Berkshire}} [[Category:Populated places in Berkshire on the River Thames]] [[Category:Villages in Berkshire]] [[Category:West Berkshire]] [[Category:Civil parishes in Berkshire]] ≈'