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Page title without namespace (page_title ) | 'The Fullerton Hotel Singapore' |
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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext ) | '{{EngvarB|date=July 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}
{{coord|1|17|10|N|103|51|10|E|type:landmark|display=title}}
{{Infobox hotel
| hotel_name = The Fullerton Hotel Singapore
| image = 2016 Singapur, Downtown Core, Hotel Fullerton (01).jpg
| image_width = 250
| caption =
| location = [[Downtown Core]], Singapore
| coordinates = {{coord|1|17|10|N|103|51|10|E|type:landmark}}
| opening_date = 2001
| stars = 5
| diamonds =
| closing_date =
| developer = [[Far East Organization]]<br/>[[Sino Land Company Limited]]
| architect = [[Keys & Dowdeswell]]
| operator = [[Sino Land]]
| owner = [[Sino Land]]
| number_of_restaurants =
| number_of_rooms = 400
| number_of_suites =
| floor_area =
| floors = 9 (including 1 basement)
| parking = 350
| website = {{url|http://fullertonhotels.com/}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''The Fullerton Hotel Singapore''' is a [[Star (classification)|six-star]] [[luxury hotel]] located near the mouth of the [[Singapore River]], in the [[Downtown Core]] of [[Central Area, Singapore|Central Area]], Singapore. It was originally known as '''The Fullerton Building''', and also as the '''General Post Office Building'''.<ref name="Fullerton Hotel History">{{cite web | title = Our History | publisher = The Fullerton Hotel Singapore | url = http://www.fullertonhotel.com/en/AboutTheFullerton/history.html | accessdate = 3 September 2007 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070828182938/http://www.fullertonhotel.com/en/AboutTheFullerton/history.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 28 August 2007}}</ref><ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama">{{cite web|author=Vernon Cornelius-Takahama|title=Fullerton Building|url=http://infopedia.nlb.gov.sg/articles/SIP_523_2005-01-19.html|publisher=Singapore Infopedia, [[National Library Board]]|date=19 May 2001|accessdate=4 September 2007}}</ref> The address is 1 Fullerton Square.
==History==
===Fullerton Building===
The Fullerton Building was named after [[Robert Fullerton (governor)|Robert Fullerton]], the first [[Governor of the Straits Settlements]] (1826–1829).<ref name="National Heritage Board">{{cite book|author=National Heritage Board|title=Singapore's 100 Historic Places|location=Singapore|publisher=Archipelago Press|year=2002|isbn=981-4068-23-3}}</ref> Commissioned in 1924 as part of the [[British colony]]'s centennial celebrations, the building was designed as an office building by Major P.H. Keys of Keys & Dowdeswell, a Shanghai firm of architects, which won the project through an [[architectural design competition]].<ref name="Tommy Koh">{{cite book|author=Tommy Koh, ''et al.'' (eds.)|title=[[Singapore: The Encyclopedia]]|location=Singapore|publisher=Editions Didier Millet in association with the [[National Heritage Board (Singapore)|National Heritage Board]]|year=2006|isbn=981-4155-63-2}}</ref><ref name="Colin Tan">{{cite news | author = Colin Tan | title = Fullerton | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 14 December 2000| page=M12}}</ref><ref name="Arthur Sim">{{cite news | author = Arthur Sim | title = Fullerton wins heritage award | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 19 July 2001| page=L7}}</ref><ref name="Norman Edwards">{{cite book|author=Norman Edwards, Peter Keys|title=Singapore – A Guide to Buildings, Streets, Places|location=Singapore|publisher=Times Books International|year=1996|isbn=9971-65-231-5}}</ref><ref name="Wong Yunn Chii">{{cite book|author=Wong Yunn Chii|title=Singapore 1:1 City: A Gallery of Architecture & Urban Design|location=Singapore|publisher=[[Urban Redevelopment Authority]]|year=2005|isbn=981-05-4467-7}}</ref> The [[architectural firm]] also designed the [[Capitol Building, Singapore|Capitol Theatre]] and the [[Singapore General Hospital]].<ref name="Koh Boon Pin">{{cite news | author = Koh Boon Pin | title = A peek into the Fullerton | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 6 June 2000| page=40}}</ref>
=== Fort Fullerton and the Singapore Stone ===
The northern end of the building covers the site of Fort Fullerton, a [[fort]] built in 1829 to defend the settlement against any [[naval]] attacks. The fort consisted of an Artillery Barrack, a house for the officers, barracks for soldiers and a 68-pounder gun guarding the entrance to the river which used to stand on the location known as Fullerton square.<ref>Nhbgovsg. (2016). Nhbgovsg. Retrieved 28 February, 2016, from http://www.nhb.gov.sg/places/sites-and-monuments/national-monuments/former-fullerton-building</ref> In 1843, the fort was extended after a [[sandstone]] [[monolith]], the [[Singapore Stone]], with an [[inscription]] possibly dating back to the 13th century was demolished. The Singapore stone was, unfortunately, destroyed by the British.<ref>"Singapore Stone". Singapore Paranormal Investigators. 2000–2005. Retrieved 13 July 2007. The citation is from Rouffaer, G.P. (1921). "Was Malakka emporium voor 1400 A.D. genaamd Malajoer? En waar lag Woerawari, Ma-Hasin, Langka, Batoesawar? [Was the Trading Post of Malacca Named Malajoer before 1400 A.D.? And where were Woerawari, Ma-Hasin, Langka, Batoesawar?]". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indie [Contributions to the Linguistics, Geography and Anthropology of the Dutch East Indies] 77 (1): 58., referred to in Miksic, Forbidden Hill, above, at 42.</ref> A fragment of this monolith was salvaged and preserved in the collection of the [[National Museum, Singapore|National Museum]] at [[Stamford Road]].<ref>http://nationalmuseum.sg/nms/nms_html/nms_content_2.asp?content_template=2&content_id=8&tab_id=367</ref>However, there were several criticisms as well as apprehensions regarding the building of Fort Fullerton. Merchants thought that it was a waste to use the prime location of the city for military instead of trading purpose, which would have prevented Singapore from generating more revenue and boosting its trading business. They were also worried that they would be in the direct line of fire if there were any attacks on the fort because the offices along the Singapore River were situated within close proximity to the fort. The fort was also said to be incapable of deterring any potential attacks from the sea, and had very low efficacy. Following these criticisms, the fort was finally demolished in 1873 <ref>(Koh, 2015)</ref>. The fort gave way to the first General Post Office and the Exchange Building in 1874.<ref name=" Colin Tan"/> Plans to erect Fullerton Building were drawn up in 1920. However, due to a lack of funds, construction only began in February 1924.<ref name="National Heritage Board"/><ref name="The Straits Times May 1999">{{cite news | author = | title = New look for old' lady | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 29 May 1999| page=86}}</ref> During the initial groundwork, excavations revealed the gun casements of the old Fort Fullerton. In fact, the Fullerton Building was built over reclaimed land. Built at a cost of [[Straits dollar|$]]4.1 million and after delays of a few months, the building was completed in June 1928.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/>
The Fullerton Building was opened on 27 June 1928 by the Governor, Sir [[Hugh Clifford]], who suggested the building be named after Robert Fullerton.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/> The building had five founding [[leasehold estate|tenant]]s: the General Post Office, The Exchange, Singapore Club (now Singapore Town Club), the Marine Department, and the Import and Export Department (later the [[Ministry of Trade and Industry (Singapore)|Ministry of Trade and Industry]]).<ref name="Clara Chow">{{cite news | author = Clara Chow | title = It was more than just the GPO | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 31 October 2001| page=L5}}</ref> It also housed the Chamber of Commerce, and various government departments dealing with agriculture, [[fisheries]] and [[forestry]].<ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/> One of the rooms in the Fullerton Building was where the late Finance Minister, Dr Goh Keng Swee, wrote many of his budget speeches for Singapore <ref>(Lim, 2015)</ref>.The building was designed to utilize natural ventilation, thus has four internal air-wells to cool the interiors.
Fullerton Square was a important commerce area in Singapore attracting many European immigrants and soon became the core of major business activity. Many European businesses were set up at Fullerton Square together with large banks such as the Chartered Bank and Hong Kong and Shanghai Banks. The Fullerton Building was built with Grandeur, Class and being the biggest structure built in Singapore displaying the authority and power of the British Colonial rule. In addition, The Fullerton Building operated with tax payers money meant as a government building, housed the Club for the Colonial Elite which was an exclusive club that took up almost 7,000 sq m of the upper floors which further elaborated the position and authority that the British has in Singapore.
There was also a lighthouse on the Fullerton Building, called the Fullerton Light, which was used to guide the ships ashore and to anchor along the piers. It was built to replace the Fort Canning Light, which was decommissioned in 1979 since it was gradually blocked because of globalization and the construction of more high-rise buildings in Singapore <ref>(Cornelius-Takahama, 2015)</ref>. The location of the previous lighthouse is now being occupied by The Lighthouse Restaurant, to keep up with the modern style of the Fullerton Hotel.
=== General Post Office ===
The General Post Office (GPO) was the [[anchor tenant]], which only moved in a fortnight after the Fullerton Building's official opening. GPO covered the two lower floors with postal halls, offices and sorting rooms. There were [[mail drop]]s through which mail would fall to a band [[conveyor]] on the basement and dispatched up to the sorting room. The basement was connected to a 35-metre [[subway (underpass)|subway]] that ran underneath Fullerton Road to a [[pier]], where overseas mail would be transferred to or picked up from ships.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/><ref name="National Heritage Board"/>
=== Singapore Club ===
[[File:Fullerton Hotel sunset.jpg|thumb|The Fullerton Hotel Singapore as seen from across the [[Esplanade Bridge]] at sunset.]]
[[File:Fullerton Hotel at night.jpg|thumb|The Fullerton Hotel Singapore at Night.]]
[[File:The Fullerton Hotel Singapore seen from Boat Quay - 20061216.jpg|thumb|Fullerton Hotel at dusk. In front is the [[Cavenagh Bridge]]]]
The exclusive Singapore Club rented premises on the upper floors of the building to provide for their members' need and comfort. It only allowed entry to top European tycoons and British civil servants <ref>Chia, Joshua, and Nor-Afidah Abd Rahman. "Singapore Club." Singapore Infopedia. January 1, 2006. http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_1184_2006-06-17.html.</ref>.There were rooms where members dined, [[Lounge room|lounge]]d, conferred, and played [[billiards]] and cards. Bedrooms on the [[attic]] storey provide accommodaton for members. When the [[Economic Development Board]] (EDB) was formed in 1961, it [[evict]]ed the Singapore Club from the Fullerton Building. Subsequently, the Singapore Club relocated to Clifford House at [[Collyer Quay]] and then to Straits Trading Building on Battery Road near [[Boat Quay]], vacating Fullerton Building for use by EDB and more government offices.<ref name="Edwin Lee">{{cite book|author=Edwin Lee|title=Historic Buildings of Singapore|location=Singapore|publisher=Preservation of Monuments Board|year=1990|isbn=9971-88-224-8}}</ref><ref name="Joshua Chia">{{cite web|author=Joshua Chia, Nor-Afidah Abd Rahman|title=Singapore Club|url=http://infopedia.nlb.gov.sg/articles/SIP_1184_2006-06-17.html|publisher=Singapore Infopedia, [[National Library Board]]|date=17 June 2006|accessdate=4 September 2007}}</ref>
=== World War II ===
In the last days before Britain's surrender to Japan in 1942, the building was used as a hospital, with makeshift operation rooms for wounded British soldiers.<ref name="Pauline Leong">{{cite news | author = Pauline Leong | title = Hotel project preserves hallmarks of Fullerton Building | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 12 April 2001| page=43}}</ref> During the [[Japanese Occupation of Singapore]], Governor Sir [[Shenton Thomas]] and Lady Thomas sought refuge in the sleeping quarters of the Singapore Club.<ref name="Joshua Chia"/> The Fullerton Building was also where [[Arthur Ernest Percival|General Percival]] discussed with Sir Shenton the possibility of surrendering Singapore to the [[Japanese Imperial Army|Japanese]].<ref name="National Heritage Board"/> Subsequently, Fullerton Building became the headquarters of the Japanese military administration in Singapore.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/>
=== Post-war years ===
In 1950s, The Fullerton Building became recognised as the unofficial public monument. It stood out of the City’s Skyline as the most prominent feature of the waterfront. On its rooftop stood the lighthouse, whose beacon guided all ships approaching the harbour. In time, The Fullerton became the symbol of Singapore, appearing in every postcard, recognised by traveller and ship captains from all over the world. Singapore was remembered all around the world with the image of The Fullerton Building.<ref>Fullertonhotelcom. (2016). Fullertonhotelcom. Retrieved 1 March, 2016, from http://www.fullertonhotel.com/fullertonhistory-en.html In-text citation: (Fullertonhotelcom, 2016)</ref>
From the 1970s to 1995, the [[Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore]] used the building as its headquarters. The General Post Office, under [[Singapore Post]], vacated the building in March 1996. Internal alterations were carried out on the building by the Public Works Department in 1985.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/><ref name="Norman Edwards"/> By 1980s, Singapore’s independence from colonial status to nationhood took place at Fullerton Square. From the majestic background of the Fullerton Building, crowds declared their support for merdeka independence. Though plans were initiated to [[Architectural conservation|conserve]] the Fullerton Building after that, it was only [[gazette]]d as a conservation building by the [[Singapore Government]] in 1997.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/><ref name="Pauline Leong"/>
===Redevelopment===
In 1997, [[Sino Land]] (Hong Kong) Company Ltd, a sister company of [[Far East Organization]], acquired the Fullerton Building from the [[Urban Redevelopment Authority]] (URA). It spent close to another [[S$]]300 million converting Fullerton Building into a hotel and building the two-storey commercial complex [[One Fullerton]] opposite Fullerton Road. [[Renovation]] works on the Fullerton Building were completed on 8 December 2000. The Fullerton Hotel Singapore was officially opened by then Prime Minister [[Goh Chok Tong]] on 1 January 2001.<ref name="Phyllis Wee">{{cite web|author=Phyllis Wee|title=Fullerton Hotel|url=http://infopedia.nlb.gov.sg/articles/SIP_527_2004-12-13.html|publisher=Singapore Infopedia, [[National Library Board]]|date=28 May 2001|accessdate=4 September 2007}}</ref><ref name="Tee Hun Ching">{{cite news | author = Tee Hun Ching | title = One Up: Its uncluttered sea view, mix of trendy joints and the bayside location of One Fullerton have pulled in the crowds | publisher = [[The Sunday Times (Singapore)|The Sunday Times]] | date = 16 September 2001| page=SP6}}</ref>
The site, sandwiched between the Civic District and the central business district, was sold together with an underpass and the seafront site on which One Fullerton now stands for S$110 million. The two are linked by an [[air-conditioned]] underground pedestrian walkway with travellators.<ref name="Wong Yunn Chii"/> To ensure that the historical Fullerton Building continues to be visible from [[Marina Bay, Singapore|Marina Bay]], URA specified a low building height for One Fullerton across the road. This also ensured that guests at The Fullerton Hotel would have unobstructed views of the sea.<ref name="Tee Hun Ching"/>
==Architecture and conservation==
=== The Architect ===
Keys and Dowdeswell was an established British international architecture company, their design works can be seen in buildings throughout China and South East Asia from 1920s to 1940s, some of the most prominent buildings in Kuala Lumpur and Singapore were designed by them. Their design works are usually with major significance to a historical period, geographical place and local culture tradition, with many of their buildings in the classical style.<ref>Re-shaping Cities : How Global Mobility Transforms Architecture and Urban Form. 1 December 2014.</ref>
Major Keys & Dowdeswell were established and distinguished designers of grand interior spaces and classical façades. They followed the principals of 20th-century Beaux-Arts tradition of classicism. Relating to some of their core principals in design, they are largely Monumental and Ornamental.
===Original design===
[[File:The Fullerton Hotel Singapore 5, Aug 06.JPG|thumb|[[Atrium (architecture)|Atrium]] of The Fullerton Hotel Singapore.]]
The grey [[Aberdeen]] [[granite]] Fullerton Building sits on 41,100 square metres (442,400 square feet) of land. The height of its walls measures 36.6 metres (120 ft) from the ground. The building has [[Neo-classical architectural]] features which include a two-storey fluted [[Doric order|Doric]] [[colonnade]]s on their heavy base, and the lofty [[portico]] over the main entrance with trophy designs and the Royal [[Coat of Arms]], crafted by Italian Cavaliere [[Rudolfo Nolli]]. Originally, there were five distinct frontages, each treated in the Doric order. 14 [[elevator]]s served the four floors plus the basement floors.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/> A hollow cellular [[raft foundation]] was proposed by the original contractors in the 1920s to save cost because [[bedrock]] lies directly below the building.<ref name="Colin Tan"/> The Fullerton Building also possesses the one and only barrel-vaulted, coffered ceiling in Singapore.<ref>Nhbgovsg. (2016). Nhbgovsg. Retrieved 28 February, 2016, from http://www.nhb.gov.sg/places/sites-and-monuments/national-monuments/former-fullerton-building</ref>
===Restoration===
The Fullerton Building [[Building restoration|restoration]] project from 1998 to 2000 was one of the few conservation projects in the world involving an institutional building.<ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/> Architects 61, together with DP Consultants, was engaged to convert it into a 400-room luxury hotel.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/> The hotel rooms were designed by [[Hirsch Bedner Associates]].<ref name="Koh Boon Pin"/><ref name="Phyllis Wee"/>
During its redevelopment, the historical building had most of its special architectural features retained and restored. The conservation work was coordinated by the URA, which had certain stipulations that the new owners had to comply with. Several features of the original building had to be restored faithfully. These included the General Post Office gallery area on the ground floor, with bays that corresponded with the building's towering Doric columns on the façade, and the Straits Club Billiard Room. The post office gallery no longer exists, but has been subdivided to provide a bar, a restaurant and the hotel foyer. The Straits Club Billiard Room was kept, but without its wood [[panelling]].<ref name="Arthur Sim"/>
====Exterior works====
The building's neo-classical columns and high-ceiling [[veranda]]s were retained. It was [[Cladding (construction)|clad]] in Shanghai [[plaster]] panels, which have been restored. The owners converted the windows back to be housed in timber frames. Part of the tunnel under Fullerton Road, which was used to transfer mail onto ships waiting in the harbour, has also been kept.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/><ref name="Pauline Leong"/>
====Interior works====
While the building's exterior has been conserved, the architects had also to transform the interior into a five-star hotel. The room on the fourth storey, where the British Governor was first told of the British military's decision to surrender to the Japanese during [[World War II]], was converted to an exclusive lounge. The room has a barrel-vaulted, [[coffer]]ed ceiling, which is the only one of its kind in Singapore.<ref name="Pauline Leong"/>
[[File:Fullerton Lighthouse, Singapore - 20110904.jpg|thumb|Fullerton Lighthouse at Harbour Front Tower]]
The building's historical [[lighthouse]], which used to guide ships into the port, has been incorporated into a [[food and beverage]] outlet. The Fullerton Light, a revolving [[beacon]] of 540 [[candela|kilocandelas]] mounted on the roof of the building, was installed in 1958 to replace the [[Fort Canning Lighthouse]] which was being demolished. The beacon could be seen by ships 29 kilometres (15.7 [[nautical mile]]s) away.<ref name="National Heritage Board"/><ref name="Tommy Koh"/><ref name="Pauline Leong"/><ref name="Phyllis Wee"/> The Lighthouse has been moved to a new location as an artefact near Harbour Front Tower.
The Fullerton Building was designed for [[natural ventilation]] before the age of [[air-conditioning]]; one of the architectural devices used to provide this was the internal air-wells. There were four air-wells along the central longitudinal axis, divided by three internal bays of offices, linking the front façade with the rear. It was the largest and the last example of this kind of architecture in Singapore. As air-conditioning became increasingly common, the air-wells became redundant.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/>
Two parallel sets of guest rooms now ring the hotel's central triangular [[Window#Skylight|sky-lit]] [[Atrium (architecture)|atrium]]. One row faces out towards the harbour and the tall buildings of the central business district. The rooms of the inner ring have views of the [[courtyard]] in the centre of the building. There is an indoor garden over the old Straits Club at the centre of the atrium which can double as a venue for [[cocktail]]s. The main entrance into the hotel, where dignitaries and celebrities are received, is covered with a large glass [[Canopy (architecture)|canopy]] at the porch.<ref name="Colin Tan"/><ref name="Wong Yunn Chii"/><ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/>
====Structural and foundation works====
Construction work in the interior was carried out to reinforce the [[Beam (structure)|beam]]s and columns, while [[retrofitting]] done on the exterior to restore the façade.<ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/>
Although studies carried out before the renovation work began showed most of the raft foundation was still in good condition, water from the adjacent Singapore River had [[Seepage|seep]]ed slowly into some of the foundation's cells over the years, flooding parts of the old basement. As a result, a new [[precast concrete]] platform was built over the cells, and [[waterproofing]] added. [[Column|Pillar]]s supporting the entire building now rest on the platform. The engineering team installed a new set of five drainage [[pump]]s to counteract the slow seepage of river water. As the building sits on solid rock foundation, no additional piling was required.<ref name="Colin Tan"/><ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/>
====Gazetting as National Monument====
The building was officially gazetted on December 7, 2015 as Singapore's 71st [[National monuments of Singapore|national monument]], by the country's [[National Heritage Board (Singapore)|National Heritage Board]] (NHB). With its new status, the building will be preserved under the Preservation of Monuments Act.<ref>http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;page=0;query=DocId%3A850a1104-4ec2-4e62-860c-2f4c138d08ef%20Depth%3A0%20ValidTime%3A23%2F02%2F2014%20TransactionTime%3A23%2F02%2F2014%20Status%3Ainforce;rec=0;whole=yes</ref> The former Fullerton Building is one of three icons to be given the national monument status this year. The other two are Jurong Town Hall and [[Istana Kampong Glam]].
==Facilities==
The Fullerton Hotel Singapore has 400 rooms and suites which either overlook the [[Atrium (architecture)|atrium]] [[courtyard]], or face [[Downtown Core|downtown Singapore]]'s skyline, the Singapore River [[promenade]] or the Marina Bay.<ref name="Aun Koh">{{cite book|author=Aun Koh, Susan Leong|title=Singapore chic|location=Singapore|publisher=Archipelago Press|year=2006|isbn=981-4155-74-8}}</ref>
The hotel has a 25-metre outdoor infinity swimming pool, [[Physical fitness|fitness]] centre and a luxury [[destination spa|spa]]. It also has five food and beverage outlets. For business travellers, the hotel has a 24-hour [[financial centre]] with the [[Bloomberg Television|Bloomberg]] Professional service that provides [[financial report]]s and world news, and 15 [[meeting room]]s equipped with [[Conference room|conference]] facilities.<ref name="Aun Koh"/>
==Awards==
The Fullerton Hotel Singapore won the ''Condé Nast Traveler'' Gold List award.<ref name="Aun Koh"/> On 18 July 2001, the hotel received an architectural heritage award from the Urban Redevelopment Authority for its successful restoration of the former Fullerton Building.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/><ref name="Fullerton Hotel Award">{{cite press release | title = The Fullerton Singapore wins 2001 URA Architectural Heritage Award | publisher = The Fullerton Hotel Singapore | url = http://www.fullertonhotel.com/media/pdf/pressreleases/URA_Architectural_Heritage_Award_2001.pdf | date = 18 July 2001}}</ref>
==Notes and references==
{{reflist|2}}
==Further reading==
*{{cite book|author=Melanie Chew|title=Memories of the Fullerton|location=Singapore|publisher=The Fullerton Hotel Singapore|year=2001|isbn=981-04-4777-9}}
*{{cite book|author=William Warren, Jill Gocher|title=Asia's legendary hotels: the romance of travel|location=Singapore|publisher=Periplus Editions|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7946-0174-4}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|The Fullerton Hotel Singapore}}
*[http://www.fullertonhotel.com/ The Fullerton Hotel] Homepage
*[http://www.singaporevr.com/vrs/FullertonHotel/RoofTop.html 360° Panoramic view from the roof of the Fullerton Hotel] Virtual Tour
{{Lighthouses in Singapore}}
{{Hotels in Singapore}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fullerton Hotel Singapore}}
[[Category:Downtown Core (Singapore)]]
[[Category:Hotels in Singapore]]
[[Category:Lighthouses completed in 1958]]
[[Category:Lighthouses in Singapore]]
[[Category:Marina Bay]]
[[Category:Office buildings completed in 1928]]
[[Category:Raffles Place]]
[[Category:Towers completed in 1958]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Singapore]]
[[Category:1928 establishments in Singapore]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext ) | '{{EngvarB|date=July 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}
{{coord|1|17|10|N|103|51|10|E|type:landmark|display=title}}
{{Infobox hotel
| hotel_name = The Fullerton Hotel Singapore
| image = 2016 Singapur, Downtown Core, Hotel Fullerton (01).jpg
| image_width = 250
| caption =
| location = [[Downtown Core]], Singapore
| coordinates = {{coord|1|17|10|N|103|51|10|E|type:landmark}}
| opening_date = 2001
| stars = 5
| diamonds =
| closing_date =
| developer = [[Far East Organization]]<br/>[[Sino Land Company Limited]]
| architect = [[Keys & Dowdeswell]]
| operator = [[Sino Land]]
| owner = [[Sino Land]]
| number_of_restaurants =
| number_of_rooms = 400
| number_of_suites =
| floor_area =
| floors = 9 (including 1 basement)
| parking = 350
| website = {{url|http://fullertonhotels.com/}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''The Fullerton Hotel Singapore''' is a [[Star (classification)|six-star]] [[luxury hotel]] located near the mouth of the [[Singapore River]], in the [[Downtown Core]] of [[Central Area, Singapore|Central Area]], Singapore. It was originally known as '''The Fullerton Building''', and also as the '''General Post Office Building'''.<ref name="Fullerton Hotel History">{{cite web | title = Our History | publisher = The Fullerton Hotel Singapore | url = http://www.fullertonhotel.com/en/AboutTheFullerton/history.html | accessdate = 3 September 2007 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20070828182938/http://www.fullertonhotel.com/en/AboutTheFullerton/history.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 28 August 2007}}</ref><ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama">{{cite web|author=Vernon Cornelius-Takahama|title=Fullerton Building|url=http://infopedia.nlb.gov.sg/articles/SIP_523_2005-01-19.html|publisher=Singapore Infopedia, [[National Library Board]]|date=19 May 2001|accessdate=4 September 2007}}</ref> The address is 1 Fullerton Square.
==History==
===Fullerton Building===
The Fullerton Building was named after [[Robert Fullerton (governor)|Robert Fullerton]], the first [[Governor of the Straits Settlements]] (1826–1829).<ref name="National Heritage Board">{{cite book|author=National Heritage Board|title=Singapore's 100 Historic Places|location=Singapore|publisher=Archipelago Press|year=2002|isbn=981-4068-23-3}}</ref> Commissioned in 1924 as part of the [[British colony]]'s centennial celebrations, the building was designed as an office building by Major P.H. Keys of Keys & Dowdeswell, a Shanghai firm of architects, which won the project through an [[architectural design competition]].<ref name="Tommy Koh">{{cite book|author=Tommy Koh, ''et al.'' (eds.)|title=[[Singapore: The Encyclopedia]]|location=Singapore|publisher=Editions Didier Millet in association with the [[National Heritage Board (Singapore)|National Heritage Board]]|year=2006|isbn=981-4155-63-2}}</ref><ref name="Colin Tan">{{cite news | author = Colin Tan | title = Fullerton | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 14 December 2000| page=M12}}</ref><ref name="Arthur Sim">{{cite news | author = Arthur Sim | title = Fullerton wins heritage award | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 19 July 2001| page=L7}}</ref><ref name="Norman Edwards">{{cite book|author=Norman Edwards, Peter Keys|title=Singapore – A Guide to Buildings, Streets, Places|location=Singapore|publisher=Times Books International|year=1996|isbn=9971-65-231-5}}</ref><ref name="Wong Yunn Chii">{{cite book|author=Wong Yunn Chii|title=Singapore 1:1 City: A Gallery of Architecture & Urban Design|location=Singapore|publisher=[[Urban Redevelopment Authority]]|year=2005|isbn=981-05-4467-7}}</ref> The [[architectural firm]] also designed the [[Capitol Building, Singapore|Capitol Theatre]] and the [[Singapore General Hospital]].<ref name="Koh Boon Pin">{{cite news | author = Koh Boon Pin | title = A peek into the Fullerton | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 6 June 2000| page=40}}</ref>
=== Fort Fullerton and the Singapore Stone ===
The northern end of the building covers the site of Fort Fullerton, a [[fort]] built in 1829 to defend the settlement against any [[naval]] attacks. The fort consisted of an Artillery Barrack, a house for the officers, barracks for soldiers and a 68-pounder gun guarding the entrance to the river which used to stand on the location known as Fullerton square.<ref>Nhbgovsg. (2016). Nhbgovsg. Retrieved 28 February, 2016, from http://www.nhb.gov.sg/places/sites-and-monuments/national-monuments/former-fullerton-building</ref> In 1843, the fort was extended after a [[sandstone]] [[monolith]], the [[Singapore Stone]], with an [[inscription]] possibly dating back to the 13th century was demolished. The Singapore stone was, unfortunately, destroyed by the British.<ref>"Singapore Stone". Singapore Paranormal Investigators. 2000–2005. Retrieved 13 July 2007. The citation is from Rouffaer, G.P. (1921). "Was Malakka emporium voor 1400 A.D. genaamd Malajoer? En waar lag Woerawari, Ma-Hasin, Langka, Batoesawar? [Was the Trading Post of Malacca Named Malajoer before 1400 A.D.? And where were Woerawari, Ma-Hasin, Langka, Batoesawar?]". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indie [Contributions to the Linguistics, Geography and Anthropology of the Dutch East Indies] 77 (1): 58., referred to in Miksic, Forbidden Hill, above, at 42.</ref> A fragment of this monolith was salvaged and preserved in the collection of the [[National Museum, Singapore|National Museum]] at [[Stamford Road]].<ref>http://nationalmuseum.sg/nms/nms_html/nms_content_2.asp?content_template=2&content_id=8&tab_id=367</ref>However, there were several criticisms as well as apprehensions regarding the building of Fort Fullerton. Merchants thought that it was a waste to use the prime location of the city for military instead of trading purpose, which would have prevented Singapore from generating more revenue and boosting its trading business. They were also worried that they would be in the direct line of fire if there were any attacks on the fort because the offices along the Singapore River were situated within close proximity to the fort. The fort was also said to be incapable of deterring any potential attacks from the sea, and had very low efficacy. Following these criticisms, the fort was finally demolished in 1873 <ref>(Koh, 2015)</ref>. The fort gave way to the first General Post Office and the Exchange Building in 1874.<ref name=" Colin Tan"/> Plans to erect Fullerton Building were drawn up in 1920. However, due to a lack of funds, construction only began in February 1924.<ref name="National Heritage Board"/><ref name="The Straits Times May 1999">{{cite news | author = | title = New look for old' lady | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 29 May 1999| page=86}}</ref> During the initial groundwork, excavations revealed the gun casements of the old Fort Fullerton. In fact, the Fullerton Building was built over reclaimed land. Built at a cost of [[Straits dollar|$]]4.1 million and after delays of a few months, the building was completed in June 1928.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/>
The Fullerton Building was opened on 27 June 1928 by the Governor, Sir [[Hugh Clifford]], who suggested the building be named after Robert Fullerton.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/> The building had five founding [[leasehold estate|tenant]]s: the General Post Office, The Exchange, Singapore Club (now Singapore Town Club), the Marine Department, and the Import and Export Department (later the [[Ministry of Trade and Industry (Singapore)|Ministry of Trade and Industry]]).<ref name="Clara Chow">{{cite news | author = Clara Chow | title = It was more than just the GPO | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 31 October 2001| page=L5}}</ref> It also housed the Chamber of Commerce, and various government departments dealing with agriculture, [[fisheries]] and [[forestry]].<ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/> One of the rooms in the Fullerton Building was where the late Finance Minister, Dr Goh Keng Swee, wrote many of his budget speeches for Singapore <ref>(Lim, 2015)</ref>.The building was designed to utilize natural ventilation, thus has four internal air-wells to cool the interiors.
Fullerton Square was a important commerce area in Singapore attracting many European immigrants and soon became the core of major business activity. Many European businesses were set up at Fullerton Square together with large banks such as the Chartered Bank and Hong Kong and Shanghai Banks. The Fullerton Building was built with Grandeur, Class and being the biggest structure built in Singapore displaying the authority and power of the British Colonial rule. In addition, The Fullerton Building operated with tax payers money meant as a government building, housed the Club for the Colonial Elite which was an exclusive club that took up almost 7,000 sq m of the upper floors which further elaborated the position and authority that the British has in Singapore.
There was also a lighthouse on the Fullerton Building, called the Fullerton Light, which was used to guide the ships ashore and to anchor along the piers. It was built to replace the Fort Canning Light, which was decommissioned in 1979 since it was gradually blocked because of globalization and the construction of more high-rise buildings in Singapore <ref>(Cornelius-Takahama, 2015)</ref>. The location of the previous lighthouse is now being occupied by The Lighthouse Restaurant, to keep up with the modern style of the Fullerton Hotel.
=== General Post Office ===
The General Post Office (GPO) was the [[anchor tenant]], which only moved in a fortnight after the Fullerton Building's official opening. GPO covered the two lower floors with postal halls, offices and sorting rooms. There were [[mail drop]]s through which mail would fall to a band [[conveyor]] on the basement and dispatched up to the sorting room. One of the most memorable features is its curved service counter which was almost 90m long. The basement was linked to a 35-metre [[subway (underpass)|subway]], also called the GPO tunnel that ran underneath Fullerton Road to a [[pier]]. From there, a lift would bring bags of mail to the Master Attendant’s Pier, and then transferred onto ships that were anchored at the pier. Special mail was all sent to the neighbouring countries via sea, which was the main transport back then, thus requiring at least 2 months to reach United Kingdom <ref>Fullerton Hotel. "The Fullerton Stories Personality, Mr M. Bala Subramanion." Video. Youtube. January 28, 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WBzxyPwPww.</ref>. This is further delayed by the fact that all mail had to be personally sorted by hands.
Before postal workers were allowed to work, they had to pledge to uphold their integrity. As public servants, they were not allowed to leak any information on what went through them (including the origin of the mail). Everything at work was strictly confidential. In the past, there was no bank transfers available thus people often sent money by post using envelopes without using registered mail due to the higher cost incurred. Thus, it is extremely important that postal workers were honest and did not steal any items that went through the mail. To reinforce the importance of confidentiality, the comptroller of the General Post Office would stand at the gallery above the sorting halls to observe all postal workers and ensure none of the letters or mail were opened while being sorted <ref>Fullerton Hotel. "The Fullerton Stories Personality, Mr M. Bala Subramanion." Video. Youtube. January
28, 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5WBzxyPwPww.</ref>.
The life of postal workers back then was incomparable with postmen working at Singapore Post today. Fridays used to be the day which overseas mail would arrive from Britain and postal workers had to work overtime with no extra pay, just to wait for the mail to arrive and then sieve through and sort them before ending work. Also, they were not entitled to any days off and had to work around the clock <ref>Tan, Judith, Ms. "Keeping Mouth Shut Vital for Job." Asiaone. December 16, 2014.
http://news.asiaone.com/news/singapore/keeping-mouth-shut-vital-job.</ref>. They are also not required to personally separate local and overseas letters.
An interesting discovery from the history of the General Post Office is the presence of Santa Claus Main Office up till today. During Christmas seasons in the past, the post office would be filled with letters from children, which are all directed to Santa Claus. These letters were then sent to the Salvation Army, who would reply the children on behalf of Santa Claus. Presently, these letters are forwarded to the Santa Claus Main Office which is situated in the Santa Claus Village in Finland. <ref>Tan, Judith, Ms. "Keeping Mouth Shut Vital for Job." Asiaone. December 16, 2014.
http://news.asiaone.com/news/singapore/keeping-mouth-shut-vital-job.</ref> This shows that the British’s establishments of fulfilling children’s wishes are still present today although many significant changes had occurred.
=== Singapore Club ===
[[File:Fullerton Hotel sunset.jpg|thumb|The Fullerton Hotel Singapore as seen from across the [[Esplanade Bridge]] at sunset.]]
[[File:Fullerton Hotel at night.jpg|thumb|The Fullerton Hotel Singapore at Night.]]
[[File:The Fullerton Hotel Singapore seen from Boat Quay - 20061216.jpg|thumb|Fullerton Hotel at dusk. In front is the [[Cavenagh Bridge]]]]
The exclusive Singapore Club rented premises on the upper floors of the building to provide for their members' need and comfort. It only allowed entry to top European tycoons and British civil servants <ref>Chia, Joshua, and Nor-Afidah Abd Rahman. "Singapore Club." Singapore Infopedia. January 1, 2006. http://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_1184_2006-06-17.html.</ref>.There were rooms where members dined, [[Lounge room|lounge]]d, conferred, and played [[billiards]] and cards. Bedrooms on the [[attic]] storey provide accommodaton for members. When the [[Economic Development Board]] (EDB) was formed in 1961, it [[evict]]ed the Singapore Club from the Fullerton Building. Subsequently, the Singapore Club relocated to Clifford House at [[Collyer Quay]] and then to Straits Trading Building on Battery Road near [[Boat Quay]], vacating Fullerton Building for use by EDB and more government offices.<ref name="Edwin Lee">{{cite book|author=Edwin Lee|title=Historic Buildings of Singapore|location=Singapore|publisher=Preservation of Monuments Board|year=1990|isbn=9971-88-224-8}}</ref><ref name="Joshua Chia">{{cite web|author=Joshua Chia, Nor-Afidah Abd Rahman|title=Singapore Club|url=http://infopedia.nlb.gov.sg/articles/SIP_1184_2006-06-17.html|publisher=Singapore Infopedia, [[National Library Board]]|date=17 June 2006|accessdate=4 September 2007}}</ref>
=== World War II ===
In the last days before Britain's surrender to Japan in 1942, the building was used as a hospital, with makeshift operation rooms for wounded British soldiers.<ref name="Pauline Leong">{{cite news | author = Pauline Leong | title = Hotel project preserves hallmarks of Fullerton Building | publisher = [[The Straits Times]] | date = 12 April 2001| page=43}}</ref> During the [[Japanese Occupation of Singapore]], Governor Sir [[Shenton Thomas]] and Lady Thomas sought refuge in the sleeping quarters of the Singapore Club.<ref name="Joshua Chia"/> The Fullerton Building was also where [[Arthur Ernest Percival|General Percival]] discussed with Sir Shenton the possibility of surrendering Singapore to the [[Japanese Imperial Army|Japanese]].<ref name="National Heritage Board"/> Subsequently, Fullerton Building became the headquarters of the Japanese military administration in Singapore.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/>
=== Post-war years ===
In 1950s, The Fullerton Building became recognised as the unofficial public monument. It stood out of the City’s Skyline as the most prominent feature of the waterfront. On its rooftop stood the lighthouse, whose beacon guided all ships approaching the harbour. In time, The Fullerton became the symbol of Singapore, appearing in every postcard, recognised by traveller and ship captains from all over the world. Singapore was remembered all around the world with the image of The Fullerton Building.<ref>Fullertonhotelcom. (2016). Fullertonhotelcom. Retrieved 1 March, 2016, from http://www.fullertonhotel.com/fullertonhistory-en.html In-text citation: (Fullertonhotelcom, 2016)</ref>
From the 1970s to 1995, the [[Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore]] used the building as its headquarters. The General Post Office, under [[Singapore Post]], vacated the building in March 1996. Internal alterations were carried out on the building by the Public Works Department in 1985.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/><ref name="Norman Edwards"/> By 1980s, Singapore’s independence from colonial status to nationhood took place at Fullerton Square. From the majestic background of the Fullerton Building, crowds declared their support for merdeka independence. Though plans were initiated to [[Architectural conservation|conserve]] the Fullerton Building after that, it was only [[gazette]]d as a conservation building by the [[Singapore Government]] in 1997.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/><ref name="Pauline Leong"/>
===Redevelopment===
In 1997, [[Sino Land]] (Hong Kong) Company Ltd, a sister company of [[Far East Organization]], acquired the Fullerton Building from the [[Urban Redevelopment Authority]] (URA). It spent close to another [[S$]]300 million converting Fullerton Building into a hotel and building the two-storey commercial complex [[One Fullerton]] opposite Fullerton Road. [[Renovation]] works on the Fullerton Building were completed on 8 December 2000. The Fullerton Hotel Singapore was officially opened by then Prime Minister [[Goh Chok Tong]] on 1 January 2001.<ref name="Phyllis Wee">{{cite web|author=Phyllis Wee|title=Fullerton Hotel|url=http://infopedia.nlb.gov.sg/articles/SIP_527_2004-12-13.html|publisher=Singapore Infopedia, [[National Library Board]]|date=28 May 2001|accessdate=4 September 2007}}</ref><ref name="Tee Hun Ching">{{cite news | author = Tee Hun Ching | title = One Up: Its uncluttered sea view, mix of trendy joints and the bayside location of One Fullerton have pulled in the crowds | publisher = [[The Sunday Times (Singapore)|The Sunday Times]] | date = 16 September 2001| page=SP6}}</ref>
The site, sandwiched between the Civic District and the central business district, was sold together with an underpass and the seafront site on which One Fullerton now stands for S$110 million. The two are linked by an [[air-conditioned]] underground pedestrian walkway with travellators.<ref name="Wong Yunn Chii"/> To ensure that the historical Fullerton Building continues to be visible from [[Marina Bay, Singapore|Marina Bay]], URA specified a low building height for One Fullerton across the road. This also ensured that guests at The Fullerton Hotel would have unobstructed views of the sea.<ref name="Tee Hun Ching"/>
==Architecture and conservation==
=== The Architect ===
Keys and Dowdeswell was an established British international architecture company, their design works can be seen in buildings throughout China and South East Asia from 1920s to 1940s, some of the most prominent buildings in Kuala Lumpur and Singapore were designed by them. Their design works are usually with major significance to a historical period, geographical place and local culture tradition, with many of their buildings in the classical style.<ref>Re-shaping Cities : How Global Mobility Transforms Architecture and Urban Form. 1 December 2014.</ref>
Major Keys & Dowdeswell were established and distinguished designers of grand interior spaces and classical façades. They followed the principals of 20th-century Beaux-Arts tradition of classicism. Relating to some of their core principals in design, they are largely Monumental and Ornamental.
===Original design===
[[File:The Fullerton Hotel Singapore 5, Aug 06.JPG|thumb|[[Atrium (architecture)|Atrium]] of The Fullerton Hotel Singapore.]]
The grey [[Aberdeen]] [[granite]] Fullerton Building sits on 41,100 square metres (442,400 square feet) of land. The height of its walls measures 36.6 metres (120 ft) from the ground. The building has [[Neo-classical architectural]] features which include a two-storey fluted [[Doric order|Doric]] [[colonnade]]s on their heavy base, and the lofty [[portico]] over the main entrance with trophy designs and the Royal [[Coat of Arms]], crafted by Italian Cavaliere [[Rudolfo Nolli]]. Originally, there were five distinct frontages, each treated in the Doric order. 14 [[elevator]]s served the four floors plus the basement floors.<ref name="Vernon Cornelius-Takahama"/> A hollow cellular [[raft foundation]] was proposed by the original contractors in the 1920s to save cost because [[bedrock]] lies directly below the building.<ref name="Colin Tan"/> The Fullerton Building also possesses the one and only barrel-vaulted, coffered ceiling in Singapore.<ref>Nhbgovsg. (2016). Nhbgovsg. Retrieved 28 February, 2016, from http://www.nhb.gov.sg/places/sites-and-monuments/national-monuments/former-fullerton-building</ref>
===Restoration===
The Fullerton Building [[Building restoration|restoration]] project from 1998 to 2000 was one of the few conservation projects in the world involving an institutional building.<ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/> Architects 61, together with DP Consultants, was engaged to convert it into a 400-room luxury hotel.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/> The hotel rooms were designed by [[Hirsch Bedner Associates]].<ref name="Koh Boon Pin"/><ref name="Phyllis Wee"/>
During its redevelopment, the historical building had most of its special architectural features retained and restored. The conservation work was coordinated by the URA, which had certain stipulations that the new owners had to comply with. Several features of the original building had to be restored faithfully. These included the General Post Office gallery area on the ground floor, with bays that corresponded with the building's towering Doric columns on the façade, and the Straits Club Billiard Room. The post office gallery no longer exists, but has been subdivided to provide a bar, a restaurant and the hotel foyer. The Straits Club Billiard Room was kept, but without its wood [[panelling]].<ref name="Arthur Sim"/>
====Exterior works====
The building's neo-classical columns and high-ceiling [[veranda]]s were retained. It was [[Cladding (construction)|clad]] in Shanghai [[plaster]] panels, which have been restored. The owners converted the windows back to be housed in timber frames. Part of the tunnel under Fullerton Road, which was used to transfer mail onto ships waiting in the harbour, has also been kept.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/><ref name="Pauline Leong"/>
====Interior works====
While the building's exterior has been conserved, the architects had also to transform the interior into a five-star hotel. The room on the fourth storey, where the British Governor was first told of the British military's decision to surrender to the Japanese during [[World War II]], was converted to an exclusive lounge. The room has a barrel-vaulted, [[coffer]]ed ceiling, which is the only one of its kind in Singapore.<ref name="Pauline Leong"/>
[[File:Fullerton Lighthouse, Singapore - 20110904.jpg|thumb|Fullerton Lighthouse at Harbour Front Tower]]
The building's historical [[lighthouse]], which used to guide ships into the port, has been incorporated into a [[food and beverage]] outlet. The Fullerton Light, a revolving [[beacon]] of 540 [[candela|kilocandelas]] mounted on the roof of the building, was installed in 1958 to replace the [[Fort Canning Lighthouse]] which was being demolished. The beacon could be seen by ships 29 kilometres (15.7 [[nautical mile]]s) away.<ref name="National Heritage Board"/><ref name="Tommy Koh"/><ref name="Pauline Leong"/><ref name="Phyllis Wee"/> The Lighthouse has been moved to a new location as an artefact near Harbour Front Tower.
The Fullerton Building was designed for [[natural ventilation]] before the age of [[air-conditioning]]; one of the architectural devices used to provide this was the internal air-wells. There were four air-wells along the central longitudinal axis, divided by three internal bays of offices, linking the front façade with the rear. It was the largest and the last example of this kind of architecture in Singapore. As air-conditioning became increasingly common, the air-wells became redundant.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/>
Two parallel sets of guest rooms now ring the hotel's central triangular [[Window#Skylight|sky-lit]] [[Atrium (architecture)|atrium]]. One row faces out towards the harbour and the tall buildings of the central business district. The rooms of the inner ring have views of the [[courtyard]] in the centre of the building. There is an indoor garden over the old Straits Club at the centre of the atrium which can double as a venue for [[cocktail]]s. The main entrance into the hotel, where dignitaries and celebrities are received, is covered with a large glass [[Canopy (architecture)|canopy]] at the porch.<ref name="Colin Tan"/><ref name="Wong Yunn Chii"/><ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/>
====Structural and foundation works====
Construction work in the interior was carried out to reinforce the [[Beam (structure)|beam]]s and columns, while [[retrofitting]] done on the exterior to restore the façade.<ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/>
Although studies carried out before the renovation work began showed most of the raft foundation was still in good condition, water from the adjacent Singapore River had [[Seepage|seep]]ed slowly into some of the foundation's cells over the years, flooding parts of the old basement. As a result, a new [[precast concrete]] platform was built over the cells, and [[waterproofing]] added. [[Column|Pillar]]s supporting the entire building now rest on the platform. The engineering team installed a new set of five drainage [[pump]]s to counteract the slow seepage of river water. As the building sits on solid rock foundation, no additional piling was required.<ref name="Colin Tan"/><ref name="The Straits Times May 1999"/>
====Gazetting as National Monument====
The building was officially gazetted on December 7, 2015 as Singapore's 71st [[National monuments of Singapore|national monument]], by the country's [[National Heritage Board (Singapore)|National Heritage Board]] (NHB). With its new status, the building will be preserved under the Preservation of Monuments Act.<ref>http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;page=0;query=DocId%3A850a1104-4ec2-4e62-860c-2f4c138d08ef%20Depth%3A0%20ValidTime%3A23%2F02%2F2014%20TransactionTime%3A23%2F02%2F2014%20Status%3Ainforce;rec=0;whole=yes</ref> The former Fullerton Building is one of three icons to be given the national monument status this year. The other two are Jurong Town Hall and [[Istana Kampong Glam]].
==Facilities==
The Fullerton Hotel Singapore has 400 rooms and suites which either overlook the [[Atrium (architecture)|atrium]] [[courtyard]], or face [[Downtown Core|downtown Singapore]]'s skyline, the Singapore River [[promenade]] or the Marina Bay.<ref name="Aun Koh">{{cite book|author=Aun Koh, Susan Leong|title=Singapore chic|location=Singapore|publisher=Archipelago Press|year=2006|isbn=981-4155-74-8}}</ref>
The hotel has a 25-metre outdoor infinity swimming pool, [[Physical fitness|fitness]] centre and a luxury [[destination spa|spa]]. It also has five food and beverage outlets. For business travellers, the hotel has a 24-hour [[financial centre]] with the [[Bloomberg Television|Bloomberg]] Professional service that provides [[financial report]]s and world news, and 15 [[meeting room]]s equipped with [[Conference room|conference]] facilities.<ref name="Aun Koh"/>
==Awards==
The Fullerton Hotel Singapore won the ''Condé Nast Traveler'' Gold List award.<ref name="Aun Koh"/> On 18 July 2001, the hotel received an architectural heritage award from the Urban Redevelopment Authority for its successful restoration of the former Fullerton Building.<ref name="Arthur Sim"/><ref name="Fullerton Hotel Award">{{cite press release | title = The Fullerton Singapore wins 2001 URA Architectural Heritage Award | publisher = The Fullerton Hotel Singapore | url = http://www.fullertonhotel.com/media/pdf/pressreleases/URA_Architectural_Heritage_Award_2001.pdf | date = 18 July 2001}}</ref>
==Notes and references==
{{reflist|2}}
==Further reading==
*{{cite book|author=Melanie Chew|title=Memories of the Fullerton|location=Singapore|publisher=The Fullerton Hotel Singapore|year=2001|isbn=981-04-4777-9}}
*{{cite book|author=William Warren, Jill Gocher|title=Asia's legendary hotels: the romance of travel|location=Singapore|publisher=Periplus Editions|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7946-0174-4}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|The Fullerton Hotel Singapore}}
*[http://www.fullertonhotel.com/ The Fullerton Hotel] Homepage
*[http://www.singaporevr.com/vrs/FullertonHotel/RoofTop.html 360° Panoramic view from the roof of the Fullerton Hotel] Virtual Tour
{{Lighthouses in Singapore}}
{{Hotels in Singapore}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Fullerton Hotel Singapore}}
[[Category:Downtown Core (Singapore)]]
[[Category:Hotels in Singapore]]
[[Category:Lighthouses completed in 1958]]
[[Category:Lighthouses in Singapore]]
[[Category:Marina Bay]]
[[Category:Office buildings completed in 1928]]
[[Category:Raffles Place]]
[[Category:Towers completed in 1958]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Singapore]]
[[Category:1928 establishments in Singapore]]' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node ) | 0 |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp ) | 1502882881 |