Examine individual changes

'{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2018}} {{Infobox serial killer | name = Gary Ridgway | image = Gary Ridgway Mugshot 11302001.jpg | image_size = 220px | caption = Mugshot in November 2001 | birth_name = Gary Leon Ridgway | alias = The Green River Killer | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1949|02|18}} | birth_place = [[Salt Lake City, Utah]], U.S. | death_date = | death_place = | death_cause = | victims = Convicted of 49, confessed to 71 | country = [[United States]] | states = [[Washington (state)|Washington]] | beginyear = 1982 | endyear = 1998 confirmed, but could be as recent as 2001 | apprehended = November 30, 2001 | conviction= [[Murder]]<br>[[Solicitation]] | sentence = [[Life imprisonment in the United States|Life imprisonment without parole]] | spouse= {{marriage|Claudia Kraig Barrows|August 15, 1970|January 14, 1972|end=divorced}}<br>{{marriage|Marcia Lorene Brown|December 14, 1973|May 27, 1981|end=divorced}}<br>{{marriage|Judith Lorraine Lynch|June 12, 1988|September 5, 2002|end=divorced}} | imprisoned = [[Washington State Penitentiary]], [[Walla Walla, Washington]] }} '''Gary Leon Ridgway''' (born February 18, 1949), also known as the '''Green River Killer''', is an American [[serial killer]]. He was initially convicted of 48 separate [[murder]]s. As part of his [[plea bargain]], an additional [[conviction]] was added, bringing the total number of convictions to 49, making him the most prolific serial killer in United States history according to confirmed murders. He killed numerous women and girls in the state of [[Washington (state)|Washington]] during the 1980s and 1990s.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bell|first=Rachel|title=Green River Killer: River of Death|url=http://www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/predators/greenriver/bodies_6.html|publisher=Crime Library|accessdate=May 30, 2014|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140530033918/http://www.crimelibrary.com/serial_killers/predators/greenriver/bodies_6.html|archivedate=May 30, 2014|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Most of Ridgway's victims were alleged to be [[sex worker]]s and other women in vulnerable situations, including underage [[runaway (dependent)|runaway]]s. The press gave him his nickname after the first five victims were found in the [[Green River (Duwamish River)|Green River]] before his identity was known.<ref>{{Cite journal | last1 = Haglund | first1 = WD | last2 = Reichert | first2 = DG | last3 = Reay | first3 = DT | title = Recovery of decomposed and skeletal human remains in the "Green River Murder" Investigation. Implications for medical examiner/coroner and police | journal = The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 35–43 | year = 1990 | pmid = 2305751 | doi=10.1097/00000433-199003000-00004 }}</ref> He [[strangling|strangled]] his victims, usually by hand but sometimes using [[Strangling#Ligature strangulation|ligatures]]. After strangling them, he would [[Disposal_of_human_corpses#Criminal_disposal|dump their bodies]] in forested and overgrown areas in [[King County, Washington|King County]], often returning to the bodies to [[necrophilia|have sexual intercourse with them]].<ref name="Prothero 2006">{{cite book|title=Defending Gary: Unraveling the Mind of the Green River Killer|page=317|last=Prothero|first=Mark|author2=Carlton Smith|year=2006|publisher=Jossey-Bass|location=San Francisco, CA|isbn= 978-0-7879-9548-5}}</ref> On November 30, 2001, as Ridgway was leaving the [[Kenworth]] truck factory where he worked in [[Renton, Washington]], he was arrested for the murders of four women whose cases were linked to him through [[DNA]] evidence.<ref name="Prothero 2006"/> As part of a plea bargain wherein he agreed to disclose the locations of still-missing women, he was spared the [[Capital punishment|death penalty]] and received a sentence of [[life imprisonment in the United States|life imprisonment without parole]]. ==Childhood== Gary Leon Ridgway was born on February 18, 1949, in [[Salt Lake City, Utah|Salt Lake City]], [[Utah]], the second of Mary and Thomas Ridgway's three sons. His home life was somewhat troubled; relatives have described his mother as domineering and have said that young Ridgway witnessed more than one violent argument between his parents. His father was a bus driver who would often complain about the presence of [[sex worker]]s.<ref name=Time>{{cite news|first1=Terry|last1= McCarthy|first2=Nathan|last2=Thornburgh|title=River Of Death|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1002555,00.html#ixzz21E1TjGvD|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|publisher=[[Meredith Corporation]]|location=New York City|date=June 3, 2002|accessdate=July 20, 2012}}</ref> Ridgway had a [[enuresis|bed-wetting problem]] until he was 13,<ref name=Seattle/> and his mother would wash his genitals after every episode.<ref name=banality>{{cite news|first=Blaine|last=Gary|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2003/11/16/the-banality-of-gary-a-green-river-chiller/2d9575c7-6843-4ec3-9517-72cd3ecdd9b0/|title=The Banality of Gary: A Green River Chiller|work=[[Washington Post]]|publisher=Nash Holdings LLC|location=Washington, DC|date=November 16, 2003|accessdate=April 1, 2018}}</ref> He would later tell [[defense (law)|defense]] [[psychologist]]s that, as an [[adolescent]], he had conflicting feelings of anger and sexual attraction toward his mother, and fantasized about killing her.<ref name=Seattle>{{cite news|first=Ray|last=Rivers|url=http://old.seattletimes.com/html/greenriverkillings/2001784456_ridgway06m.html|title=Ridgway went from having sex with prostitutes 'to just plain killing 'em'|work=[[Seattle Times]]|publisher=[[The Seattle Times Company]]|location=Seattle, Washington|date=November 6, 2003|accessdate=April 1, 2018}}</ref><ref name=banality/> Ridgway is [[dyslexia|dyslexic]], and was held back a year in [[high school]].<ref name=Time/> When he was 16, he stabbed a six-year-old boy, who survived the attack. Ridgway had led the boy into the woods and then stabbed him through the ribs into his [[liver]].<ref name="about">{{cite web|first=Charles|last=Montaldo|url=http://crime.about.com/od/serial/a/Gary-Ridgway.htm|title=Gary Ridgway: The Green River Killer| publisher=[[About.com]]|date=February 14, 2011|accessdate=July 1, 2011}}</ref> Ridgway's [[IQ]] was recorded as being in the "low eighties".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/2003/11/16/the-banality-of-gary-a-green-river-chiller/2d9575c7-6843-4ec3-9517-72cd3ecdd9b0/|title=The Banality of Gary: A Green River Chiller|first=Blaine|last=Harden|date=November 16, 2003|publisher=|via=www.washingtonpost.com}}</ref> ==Adult life== Ridgway graduated from [[Tyee Educational Complex|Tyee High School]] in 1969 and married his 19-year-old high school girlfriend, Claudia Kraig. He joined the [[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]]<ref name="about"/> and was sent to [[Vietnam War|Vietnam]], where he served on board a [[auxiliary ship|supply ship]]<ref>{{cite book|first1=Mark|last1=Prothero|first2=Carlton|last2=Smith|title=''Defending Gary: Unraveling the Mind of the Green River Killer''|publisher=Jossey-Bass|location=San Francisco, California|year=2006|page=117|ISBN=0-7879-8106-0}}</ref> and saw combat.<ref name=Time/> During his time in the military, Ridgway began to have frequent [[sexual intercourse]] with numerous sex workers and contracted [[gonorrhea]]; although angered by this, he continued his practice [[unprotected sex|without protection]]. While Ridgway was abroad, Kraig had an [[adultery|extramarital affair]]. The marriage ended within a year.<ref name="about"/> When questioned about Ridgway after his arrest, friends and family described him as friendly but strange. His first two marriages resulted in [[divorce]] because of [[infidelity|infidelities]] by both partners. His second wife, Marcia Winslow, claimed that he had placed her in a [[chokehold]].<ref name=Time/> He had become religious during his second marriage, proselytizing door-to-door, reading the [[Bible]] aloud at work and at home, and insisting that his wife follow the strict teachings of their pastor.<ref name="about"/> Ridgway would also frequently cry after sermons or reading the Bible.<ref name=Time/> Despite his beliefs, Ridgway continued to solicit the services of sex workers and wanted his wife to participate in sex in public and inappropriate places, sometimes even in areas where his victims' bodies were later discovered.<ref name="about"/> According to women in his life, Ridgway had an insatiable sexual appetite. His three ex-wives and several ex-girlfriends reported that he demanded sex from them several times a day.<ref>{{cite news|first=Rick|last=Anderson|url=http://archive.seattleweekly.com/2002-02-27/news/did-they-get-their-man|title=Did they get their man?|work=[[Seattle Weekly]]|publisher=[[Sound Publishing]]|location=Seattle, Washington|date=February 27, 2002|accessdate=April 1, 2018}}</ref> Often, he would want to have sex in a public area or in the woods.<ref name="about"/> Ridgway himself admitted to having a fixation with sex workers,<ref name="riverman">{{cite book|first1=Robert|last1=Keppel|first2=William J.|last2=Birnes|first3=Ann|last3=Rule| url= https://books.google.com/books?id=QtrLm4J6A9gC&pg=PA444&lpg=PA444&dq=rebecca+guay+ridgway#v=onepage&q=rebecca%20guay%20ridgway&f=false|title=The Riverman: Ted Bundy and I Hunt for the Green River Killer|publisher=[[Simon and Schuster]]|location=New York City|year=2004|isbn=0-7434-6395-1}}</ref> with whom he had a love-hate relationship. He frequently complained about their presence in his neighborhood, but he also took advantage of their services regularly. It has been speculated that Ridgway was torn between his uncontrollable lusts and his staunch religious beliefs.<ref name=Time/> ==Murders== [[File:Gary Ridgway 1982 Mugshot.jpg|thumb|left|Ridgway after a 1982 booking]] Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, Ridgway is believed to have murdered at least 71 women near [[Seattle]] and [[Tacoma, Washington|Tacoma]], [[Washington (state)|Washington]]. In court statements, he later reported that he had killed so many that he lost count. A majority of the murders occurred between 1982 and 1984. The victims were believed to be either prostitutes or [[Runaway (dependent)|runaway]]s picked up along [[Washington State Route 99|Pacific Highway South]], whom he [[strangled]]. Most of their bodies were dumped in wooded areas around the [[Green River (Duwamish River)|Green River]], [[Seattle-Tacoma International Airport]], and other "dump sites" within South King County. There were also two confirmed and another two suspected victims found in the [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], [[Oregon]] area. The bodies were often left in clusters, sometimes posed, usually nude. He would sometimes return to the victims' bodies and have [[necrophilia|sexual intercourse with them]]. Ridgway later explained that he did not find necrophilia more sexually satisfying, but having sex with the deceased decreased his need to obtain a living victim and thus limited his exposure to being caught.<ref name=banality/> Because most of the bodies were not discovered until only the [[skeleton]]s remained, three victims are still unidentified. Ridgway occasionally [[contaminated]] the dump sites with gum, cigarettes, and written materials belonging to others, and he even transported a few victims' remains across state lines into Oregon to confuse the police.<ref name=MalengOR>{{cite web|url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/local/links/ridg_summary.pdf |title=Prosecutor's Summary of the Evidence, Case No. 01-1-10270-9 SEA; State of Washington vs. Gary Leon Ridgway; in the Superior Court of Washington for King County |author= |date=November 2003 |website=seattletimes.nwsource.com |publisher=King County Prosecutor's Office |accessdate=November 11, 2014 |quote=Ridgway acknowledged that, in an effort to throw off the Task Force, he moved Denise's remains and those of Shirley Sherrill to Oregon in the spring of 1984. One weekend, he took his son on what he described as a "camping" trip to Oregon. He transported the remains, with son's clothes and bicycle, in the trunk of a Plymouth Satellite. Ridgway paid cash for his food and gas on this trip and was careful not to leave any record linking him to Oregon. |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150105145409/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/local/links/ridg_summary.pdf |archivedate=January 5, 2015 |df= }}</ref> Ridgway began each murder by picking up a woman, usually a prostitute. He sometimes showed the woman a picture of his son, to trick her into trusting him. After [[rape|raping]] her, Ridgway strangled her from behind. He initially strangled them manually. However, after many victims inflicted wounds and bruises on his arm while trying to defend themselves, Ridgway began using [[Strangling#Ligature strangulation|ligatures]]. He killed most victims in his home, his truck, or a secluded area.<ref name="Prothero 2006"/> In the early 1980s, the [[King County Sheriff's Office]] formed the Green River Task Force to investigate the murders. Task force members included [[Robert Keppel]] and [[Dave Reichert]], who periodically interviewed incarcerated serial killer [[Ted Bundy]] in 1984. Bundy offered his opinions on the [[psychology]], motivations, and behavior of the killer; he suggested that the killer was revisiting the dump sites to have sex with his victims, which turned out to be true, and if police found a fresh grave, they should stake it out and wait for him to come back.<ref name="NewsTribune">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenewstribune.com/2003/11/16/366398/like-minds-bundy-figured-ridgway.html|title=Like minds: Bundy figured Ridgway out|work=The News Tribune|date=November 16, 2003|accessdate=May 27, 2013|author=Robinson, Sean|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193359/http://www.thenewstribune.com/2003/11/16/366398/like-minds-bundy-figured-ridgway.html|archivedate=October 29, 2013|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Also contributing to the investigation was [[John E. Douglas]], who has since written much on the subject of the Green River Killer.<ref>{{cite web|first=Duff|last=Wilson|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921060156/http://seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2001801223_greenriver26m.html|archivedate=September 21, 2013|url=http://seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2001801223_greenriver26m.html|title=Profiler can't recall why he said letter wasn't from Green River killer|work=[[The Seattle Times]]|publisher=[[Seattle Times Publishing Company]]|location=Seattle, Washington|date=November 26, 2003|accessdate=May 27, 2013}}</ref> Ridgway was arrested in 1982 and 2001 on charges related to [[prostitution]].{{citation needed|date=June 2018}} He became a suspect in the Green River killings in 1983.{{citation needed|date=June 2018}} In 1984, Ridgway took and passed a [[polygraph test]],{{citation needed|date=June 2018}} although careful review using quality control protocols later developed by the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] determined that Ridgway actually failed his polygraph test.{{citation needed|date=June 2018}} On April 7, 1987, police took hair and [[saliva]] samples from Ridgway.{{citation needed|date=June 2018}} Around 1985, Ridgway began dating Judith Mawson, who became his third wife in 1988. Mawson claimed in a 2010 television interview that when she moved into his house while they were dating, there was no carpet. Detectives later told her he had probably wrapped a body in the carpet.<ref name="IDDiscovery">{{Cite episode|title=Married to a Monster|url=http://investigation.discovery.com/tv-schedules/series.html?paid=141.15118.129750.39540.3|series=Who the (BLEEP) Did I Marry?|network=[[Investigation Discovery]]|airdate=October 13, 2010|season=1|number=9|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101021003948/http://investigation.discovery.com/tv-schedules/series.html?paid=141.15118.129750.39540.3|archivedate=October 21, 2010|df=mdy-all}}</ref> In the same interview, she described how he would leave for work early in the morning some days, ostensibly for the [[overtime]] pay. Mawson speculated that he must have committed some of the murders while supposedly working these early morning shifts. She claimed that she had not suspected Ridgway's crimes before she was contacted by authorities in 1987, and had not even heard of the Green River Killer before that time because she did not watch the news.<ref name="IDDiscovery"/> Author Pennie Morehead interviewed Ridgway in prison, and he said while he was in the relationship with Mawson, his kill rate went down, and he truly loved her.<ref name="IDDiscovery"/> Indeed, of his 49 known victims, only 3 were killed after he married Mawson. Mawson told a local television reporter, "I feel I have saved lives...by being his wife and making him happy."<ref name="KIRO">{{cite news|title=Wife of Nation's Worst Serial Killer Shares Her Story|publisher=KIRO 7 Eyewitness News|url=http://www.kirotv.com/news/13362515/detail.html|date=May 22, 2007|accessdate=October 14, 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101020195212/http://www.kirotv.com/news/13362515/detail.html|archivedate=October 20, 2010|df=mdy-all}}</ref> The samples collected in 1987 were later subjected to a [[DNA analysis]], providing the evidence for his arrest [[Warrant (law)|warrant]]. On November 30, 2001, Ridgway was at the [[Kenworth]] Truck factory, where he worked as a spray painter, when police arrived to arrest him. Ridgway was arrested on suspicion of murdering four women nearly 20 years earlier after first being identified as a potential suspect, when [[DNA]] evidence conclusively linked [[semen]] left in the victims to the saliva swab taken by the police. The four victims named in the original [[indictment]] were Marcia Chapman, Opal Mills, Cynthia Hinds, and Carol Ann Christensen. Three more victims—Wendy Coffield, Debra Bonner, and Debra Estes—were added to the indictment after a forensic scientist identified [[microscopic]] spray paint spheres as a specific brand and composition of paint used at the Kenworth factory during the specific time frame when these victims were killed.<ref name="IDDiscovery"/> ==Plea bargain, confessions, sentencing== Early in August 2003, [[Seattle]] television news reported that Ridgway had been moved from a [[Incarceration in the United States#Security levels|maximum security]] cell at King County Jail to an Airway Heights Minimum-Medium Security Level Tank. Other news reports stated that his lawyers, led by Anthony Savage, were closing a [[plea bargain]] that would spare him the [[death penalty]] in return for his confession to a number of the Green River murders.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://qctimes.com/news/national/with-guilty-pleas-killer-avoids-death-penalty/article_aa687bfb-4c55-555e-9e0b-df6246a0854f.html|title=With 48 Guilty Pleas, Killer avoids Death Penalty |access-date=February 25, 2017|work=[[Quad-City Times]]|publisher=[[Lee Enterprises]]|location=Davenport, Iowa|date=November 5, 2003}}</ref> On November 5, 2003, Ridgway entered a [[guilty plea]] to 48 charges of [[first degree murder|aggravated first degree murder]] as part of a plea bargain, agreed to in June, that would spare him execution in exchange for his cooperation in locating the remains of his victims and providing other details. In his statement accompanying his guilty plea, Ridgway explained that he had killed all of his victims inside King County, Washington, and that he had transported and dumped the remains of the two women near Portland to confuse the police.<ref name=MalengOR /> Deputy prosecutor Jeffrey Baird noted in court that the deal contained "the names of 41 victims who would not be the subject of ''State v. Ridgway'' if it were not for the [[plea agreement]]." [[King County Prosecuting Attorney]] [[Norm Maleng]] explained his decision to make the deal: {{quote|We could have gone forward with seven counts, but that is all we could have ever hoped to solve. At the end of that trial, whatever the outcome, there would have been lingering doubts about the rest of these crimes. This agreement was the avenue to the truth. And in the end, the search for the truth is still why we have a [[criminal justice system]] ... Gary Ridgway does not deserve our mercy. He does not deserve to live. The mercy provided by today's resolution is directed not at Ridgway, but toward the families who have suffered so much ...<ref>{{cite news|first=Norm|last=Maleng|title=Statement of Norm Maleng on Ridgway Plea|date=November 5, 2003|url=http://www.metrokc.gov/proatty/news/2003/RidgwPR5.htm|accessdate=June 23, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040626001014/http://www.metrokc.gov/proatty/news/2003/RidgwPR5.htm|archivedate=June 26, 2004}}</ref>}} On December 18, 2003, [[King County Superior Court]] Judge Richard Jones sentenced Ridgway to 48 [[life imprisonment|life sentence]]s with no possibility of [[parole]] and one life sentence, to be served consecutively. He was also sentenced to an additional 10 years for [[tampering with evidence]] for each of the 48 victims, adding 480 years to his 48 life sentences.<ref>{{cite news|first=Curtis|last=Cartier|url=http://archive.seattleweekly.com/home/934121-129/crimepunishment|title=Gary Ridgway, Green River Killer, Charged With Murder #49, but Still Won't Face Execution |work=[[Seattle Weekly]]|publisher=[[Sound Publishing]]|location=Seattle, Washington|date=February 7, 2011|access-date=February 24, 2017}}</ref> Ridgway led prosecutors to three bodies in 2003. On August 16 of that year, the remains of a 16-year-old girl found near [[Enumclaw, Washington]], 40 feet from [[Washington State Route 410|State Route 410]], were pronounced as belonging to Pammy Annette Avent, who had been believed to be a victim of the Green River Killer. The remains of Marie Malvar and April Buttram were found in September 2003. On November 23, 2005, [[Associated Press|The Associated Press]] reported that a weekend hiker found the [[human skull|skull]] of one of the 48 women Ridgway admitted murdering in his 2003 plea bargain with King County prosecutors. The skull of another victim, that of Tracy Winston who was 19 when she disappeared from [[Northgate Mall (Seattle)|Northgate Mall]] on September 12, 1983, was found on November 20, 2005 by a man hiking in a wooded area near Highway 18 near [[Issaquah, Washington|Issaquah]], southeast of Seattle.<ref>{{cite news |first=Sarah Jean| last=Green |url=http://seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2002641105_greenriver23m.html|title=Remains of a Green River killer victim found near Issaquah|work=[[The Seattle Times]]|publisher=[[The Seattle Times Company]]|location=Seattle, Washington|date=November 23, 2005|accessdate=November 12, 2014}}</ref> Ridgway confessed to more confirmed murders than any other American serial killer. Over a period of five months of police and prosecutor interviews, he confessed to 48 murders—42 of which were on the police's list of probable Green River Killer victims.<ref>{{cite report |url=http://www.thesmokinggun.com/file/green-river-killers-chilling-confession|title=State of Washington, Plaintiff, vs. Gary Leon Ridgway, Defendant, Statement of Defendant on Plea of Guilty|publisher=Superior Court of Washington for King County |date=2003|via=[[The Smoking Gun]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/green-river-killer-admits-to-murder-of-48-women-1.389701|title=Green River killer admits to murder of 48 women|work=[[Irish Times]]|publisher=Irish Times Trust|location=Dublin, Ireland|date=6 November 2003|accessdate=1 April 2018}}</ref> On February 9, 2004, county prosecutors began to release the videotape records of Ridgway's confessions. In one taped interview, he told investigators initially that he was responsible for the deaths of 65 women, but in another taped interview with Reichert on December 31, 2003, Ridgway claimed to have murdered 71 victims and confessed to having had sex with them before killing them, a detail which he did not reveal until after his sentencing.<ref name="Cold Case Files 56">{{cite episode |title=Obsession: Dave Reichert and the Green River Killer |series=''[[Cold Case Files]]'' |network=[[A&E (TV channel)|A&E]] |date=December 15, 2005}}</ref> In his confession, he acknowledged that he targeted prostitutes because they were "easy to pick up" and that he "hated most of them."<ref>{{cite book|first=Eric|last=Hickey|title=Serial Murderers and Their Victims|publisher=[[Cengage Learning]]|location=Boston, Massachusetts|year=2013|page=25|ISBN=978-1-305-26169-3}}</ref> He confessed that he had sex with his victims' bodies after he murdered them, but claimed he began burying the later victims so that he could resist the urge to commit [[necrophilia]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kirotv.com/video/2833871/detail.html|title=Ridgway Reveals Gruesome Details In Chilling Confession|publisher=KIRO 7 Eyewitness News|accessdate=September 27, 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101010142834/http://www.kirotv.com/video/2833871/detail.html|archivedate=October 10, 2010|df=mdy-all}}</ref> Ridgway talked to and tried to make his victims comfortable before he committed the murders. In his own words, "I would talk to her... and get her mind off of the, sex, anything she was nervous about. And think, you know, she thinks, 'Oh, this guy cares'... which I didn't. I just want to, uh, get her in the vehicle and eventually kill her."<ref name="Cold Case Files 56"/> Later in a statement, Ridgway said that murdering young women was his "career."<ref name=banality/> ==Life imprisonment== Ridgway was placed in solitary confinement at [[Washington State Penitentiary]] in [[Walla Walla, Washington|Walla Walla]] in January 2004.<ref>{{cite web|title=Find An Offender - Ridgway, Gary L.|url=http://www.doc.wa.gov/offenderinfo/default.aspx|publisher=Washington State Department of Corrections}}</ref> On May 14, 2015, he was transferred to the [[United States Penitentiary, Florence High|USP Florence]], a high-security federal prison east of [[Cañon City, Colorado]]. In September 2015, after a public outcry and discussions with [[List of Governors of Washington|Governor]] [[Jay Inslee]], Corrections Secretary Bernie Warner announced that Ridgway would be transferred back to Washington to be "easily accessible" for open murder investigations.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.seattletimes.com/opinion/editorials/green-river-killers-return-to-washington-may-not-bring-closure-to-victims-families/|title=Green River killer's return to Washington may not bring closure to victims' families|work=[[Seattle Times]]|publisher=[[Seattle Times Company]]|location=Seattle, Washington|date=September 22, 2015|accessdate=September 25, 2015}}</ref> Ridgway was returned by chartered plane to Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla from the [[United States Penitentiary, Florence High|High Security Federal Prison]] in [[Florence, Colorado]], on October 24, 2015.<ref>{{cite news|first=John|last=White|url=http://q13fox.com/2015/10/24/dept-of-corrections-gary-ridgway-returned-to-washington-state-penitentiary/|title=Department of Corrections: Gary Ridgway returned to Washington State Penitentiary|work=[[KCPQ]]|location=Tacoma, Washington|date=October 24, 2015|accessdate=October 25, 2015}}</ref> <!-- NOTE: Please do not add information about Rebecca Marrero to this section. She is listed below. --> {{anchor|Green River victims}} ==Victims== Before Ridgway's confession, authorities had attributed 49 murders to the Green River Killer.<ref name ="Task Force List">{{cite news|first=Tracy|last=Johnson|first2=Hector|last2=Castro|url=http://www.seattlepi.com/local/146313_greenriverfolo31.html |title=Green River victims' list may grow by six |work=[[Seattle Post Intelligencer]]|publisher=[[Hearst Corporation]]|location=Seattle, Washington|date=October 30, 2003|accessdate=September 19, 2013}}</ref> Ridgway confessed to murdering at least 71 victims.<ref name="Cold Case Files 56"/> ===Confirmed=== {{BLP sources section|date=October 2016}} At the time of his December 18, 2003 sentencing, authorities had been able to find at least 48 sets of remains, including victims not originally attributed to the Green River Killer. Ridgway was sentenced for the deaths of each of these 48 victims,<ref>{{cite news|first=Stacey|last=Mulick|url=http://www.thenewstribune.com/news/special-reports/article25855165.html|title=Ridgway's victims |work=[[The News Tribune]]|publisher=[[The McClatchy Company]]|location=Tacoma, Washington|date=November 6, 2003|accessdate=January 14, 2017}}</ref> with a plea agreement that he would "plead guilty to any and all future cases (in King County) where his confession could be corroborated by reliable evidence."<ref name="49th victim">{{cite news|first=Liza|last=Javier|title=Remains found in Auburn, Wash. possible Green River victim"|url=http://www.kgw.com/news/Remains-found-in-Auburn-Wash-possible-Green-River-victim.html|work=[[KGW.com]]|location=Portland, Oregon|date=December 23, 2010|accessdate=April 1, 2018|deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110209073021/|archivedate=December 23, 2017}}</ref> {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! # || Name || Age || Disappeared || Found |- | 1 || Wendy Lee Coffield || 16 || {{sort|1982-07-08|July 8, 1982}} || {{sort|1982-07-15|July 15, 1982}} |- | 2 || Gisele Ann Lovvorn || 17 || {{sort|1982-07-17|July 17, 1982}} || {{sort|1982-09-25|September 25, 1982}} |- | 3 || Debra Lynn Bonner || 23 || {{sort|1982-07-25|July 25, 1982}} || {{sort|1982-08-12|August 12, 1982}} |- | 4 || Marcia Fay Chapman || 31 || {{sort|1982-08-01|August 1, 1982}} || {{sort|1982-08-15|August 15, 1982}} |- | 5 || Cynthia Jean Hinds || 17 || {{sort|1982-08-11|August 11, 1982}} || {{sort|1982-08-15|August 15, 1982}} |- | 6 || Opal Charmaine Mills || 16 || {{sort|1982-08-12|August 12, 1982}} || {{sort|1982-08-15|August 15, 1982}} |- | 7 || Terry Rene Milligan || 16 || {{sort|1982-08-29|August 29, 1982}} || {{sort|1984-04-01|April 1, 1984}} |- | 8 || Mary Bridget Meehan || 18 || {{sort|1982-09-15|September 15, 1982}} || {{sort|1983-11-13|November 13, 1983}} |- | 9 || Debra Lorraine Estes || 15 || {{sort|1982-09-20|September 20, 1982}} || {{sort|1988-05-30|May 30, 1988}} |- | 10 || Linda Jane Rule || 16 || {{sort|1982-09-26|September 26, 1982}} || {{sort|1983-01-31|January 31, 1983}} |- | 11 || Denise Darcel Bush || 23 || {{sort|1982-10-08|October 8, 1982}} || {{sort|1985-06-12|June 12, 1985}} |- | 12 || Shawnda Leea Summers || 16 || {{sort|1982-10-09|October 9, 1982}} || {{sort|1983-08-11|August 11, 1983}} |- | 13 || Shirley Marie Sherrill || 18 || {{sort|1982-10-20|October 20–22, 1982}} || {{sort|1985-06-00|June 14, 1985}} |- | 14 || Rebecca "Becky" Marrero || 20 || {{sort|1982-12-03|December 3, 1982}} || {{sort|2010-12-21|December 21, 2010}} |- | 15 || Colleen Renee Brockman || 15 || {{sort|1982-12-24|December 24, 1982}} || {{sort|1984-05-26|May 26, 1984}} |- | 16 || Sandra Denise Major || 20 || {{sort|1982-12-24|December 24, 1982}} || {{sort|1985-12-30|December 30, 1985}} |- | 17 || Alma Ann Smith || 18 || {{sort|1983-03-03|March 3, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-04-02|April 2, 1984}} |- | 18 || Delores LaVerne Williams || 17 || {{sort|1983-03-08|March 8–14, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-03-31|March 31, 1984}} |- | 19 || Gail Lynn Mathews || 23 || {{sort|1983-04-10|April 10, 1983}} || {{sort|1983-09-18|September 18, 1983}} |- | 20 || Andrea M. Childers || 19 || {{sort|1983-04-14|April 14, 1983}} || {{sort|1989-10-11|October 11, 1989}} |- | 21 || Sandra Kay Gabbert || 17 || {{sort|1983-04-17|April 17, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-04-01|April 1, 1984}} |- | 22 || Kimi-Kai Pitsor || 16 || {{sort|1983-04-17|April 17, 1983}} || {{sort|1983-12-15|December 15, 1983}} |- | 23 || Marie M. Malvar || 18 || {{sort|1983-04-30|April 30, 1983}} || {{sort|2003-09-26|September 26, 2003}} |- | 24 || Carol Ann Christensen || 21 || {{sort|1983-05-03|May 3, 1983}} || {{sort|1983-05-08|May 8, 1983}} |- | 25 || Martina Theresa Authorlee || 18 || {{sort|1983-05-22|May 22, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-11-14|November 14, 1984}} |- | 26 || Cheryl Lee Wims || 18 || {{sort|1983-05-23|May 23, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-03-22|March 22, 1984}} |- | 27 || Yvonne "Shelly" Antosh || 19 || {{sort|1983-05-31|May 31, 1983}} || {{sort|1983-10-15|October 15, 1983}} |- | 28 || Carrie Ann Rois || 15 || {{sort|1983-05-31|May 31 – June 13, 1983}} || {{sort|1985-03-10|March 10, 1985}} |- | 29 || Constance Elizabeth Naon || 19 || {{sort|1983-06-08|June 8, 1983}} || {{sort|1983-10-27|October 27, 1983}} |- | 30 || Kelly Marie Ware || 22 || {{sort|1983-07-18|July 18, 1983}} || {{sort|1983-10-29|October 29, 1983}} |- | 31 || Tina Marie Thompson || 21 || {{sort|1983-07-25|July 25, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-04-20|April 20, 1984}} |- | 32 || April Dawn Buttram || 16 || {{sort|1983-08-18|August 18, 1983}} || {{sort|2003-08-30|August 30, 2003}} |- | 33 || Debbie May Abernathy || 26 || {{sort|1983-09-05|September 5, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-03-31|March 31, 1984}} |- | 34 || Tracy Ann Winston || 19 || {{sort|1983-09-12|September 12, 1983}} || {{sort|1986-03-27|March 27, 1986}} |- | 35 || Maureen Sue Feeney || 19 || {{sort|1983-09-28|September 28, 1983}} || {{sort|1986-05-2|May 2, 1986}} |- | 36 || Mary Sue Bello || 25 || {{sort|1983-10-11|October 11, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-10-12|October 12, 1984}} |- | 37 || Pammy Annette Avent || 15 || {{sort|1983-10-26|October 26, 1983}} || {{sort|2003-08-16|August 16, 2003}} |- | 38 || Delise Louise Plager || 22 || {{sort|1983-10-30|October 30, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-02-14|February 14, 1984}} |- | 39 || Kimberly L. Nelson || 21 || {{sort|1983-11-01|November 1, 1983}} || {{sort|1986-06-14|June 14, 1986}} |- | 40 || Lisa Yates || 19 || {{sort|1983-12-23|December 23, 1983}} || {{sort|1984-03-13|March 13, 1984}} |- | 41 || Mary Exzetta West || 16 || {{sort|1984-02-06|February 6, 1984}} || {{sort|1985-09-08|September 8, 1985}} |- | 42 || Cindy Anne Smith || 17 || {{sort|1984-03-21|March 21, 1984}} || {{sort|1987-06-27|June 27, 1987}} |- | 43 || Patricia Michelle Barczak || 19 || {{sort|1986-10-17|October 17, 1986}} || {{sort|1993-02-00|February 3, 1993}} |- | 44 || Roberta Joseph Hayes || 21 || {{sort|1987-02-07|February 7, 1987}} || {{sort|1991-09-11|September 11, 1991}} |- | 45 || Marta Reeves || 36 || {{sort|1990-03-05|March 5, 1990}} || {{sort|1990-09-20|September 20, 1990}} |- | 46 || Patricia Yellowrobe || 38 || {{sort|1998-01-00|January 1998}} || {{sort|1998-08-06|August 6, 1998}} |- | 47 || Unidentified White Female (Jane Doe B-10)|| 12–18 || {{sort|1983-05-00|Died prior to May 1983}} || {{sort|1984-03-21|March 21, 1984}} |- | 48 || Unidentified White Female (Jane Doe B-17)|| 14–18 || {{sort|1980-12-00|December 1980 – January 1984}} || {{sort|1986-01-02|January 2, 1986}} |- | 49 || Unidentified Female (Jane Doe B-20)|| 13–24 || {{sort|1973-01-00|1973–1993}} || {{sort|2003-08-00|August 21, 2003}} |} <!-- NOTE: Please do not add Rebecca Marrero to this section. She is listed above. --> [[File:Green River Jane Does.jpg|thumb|Jane Doe B-10 ''(left)'' and Jane Doe B-17 are two of three unidentified victims of Ridgway. Their faces were reconstructed digitally to assist in their identification.]] * Before Ridgway's confession, authorities had not attributed to the Green River Killer the deaths of victims Rule, Barczak, Hayes, Reeves, Yellowrobe and "victim 49."<ref name ="Task Force List" /> * Ridgway's confession and directions led police search crews to find the bodies of Avent, Buttram, and Malvar in August and September 2003. * On Tuesday, December 21, 2010, hikers near the West Valley Highway in Auburn, WA found a skull in the vicinity of where Marie Malvar's remains had been found in 2003. The skull was identified as belonging to Rebecca "Becky" Marrero, who was last seen leaving the Western Six Motel at South 168th Street and Pacific Highway South on December 3, 1982. The King County Prosecutor confirmed that Ridgway would be formally charged with her murder on February 11, 2011.<ref name="49th victim" /> On February 18, 2011, he entered a guilty plea in the murder of Rebecca Marrero, adding a 49th life sentence to his existing 48. Ridgway confessed to murdering Marrero in his original plea bargain, but due to insufficient evidence, the charges could not be filed. Therefore, there is no change in his current incarceration status.<ref name="Green2011">{{cite news|url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2014154781_ridgway08m.html |title=Attorney: Ridgway will likely plead guilty to new murder charge |work=Seattle Times |accessdate=February 7, 2011 |first=Jennifer |last=Sullivan |date=February 7, 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110209073021/http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/localnews/2014154781_ridgway08m.html |archivedate=February 9, 2011 |df=mdy }}</ref> * The remains of Tracy Winston were found, without a skull, in [[Kent, Washington|Kent]]'s [[Cottonwood Grove Park]] in March 1986. Winston's skull was found in November 2005 near Tiger Mountain, miles away from the discovery site of the rest of her body. Police assume someone carried it to the location.<ref>{{cite news|author=Castro, Hector|title=Skull of Woman Killed by Ridgway Found but It Turned Up Miles from the Rest of Her Remains|journal=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]]| date=November 23, 2005|page= B1|url=http://www.seattlepi.com/local/article/Skull-of-woman-killed-by-Ridgway-found-1188155.php| accessdate= August 10, 2010}} LexisNexis.</ref> * Sandra Denise Major was not identified until June 2012. A family member asked the King County Sheriff to investigate after seeing a TV movie about Ridgway. DNA confirmed Major's identity.<ref>{{cite news |title=Victim of Green River killer identified 30 years later after relative sees TV movie|date=June 19, 2012|work=Fox News |url=http://www.foxnews.com/us/2012/06/19/victim-green-river-killer-identified-30-years-later-after-relative-sees-tv/?intcmp=obnetwork#ixzz1yG05cv8T|accessdate=June 19, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://news.yahoo.com/wash-officials-green-river-killer-victim-idd-094835086.html|title=Wash. officials say Green River Killer victim ID'd|publisher=Yahoo.com|agency=Associated Press|date=June 19, 2012}}</ref> * Jane Doe B-10, discovered on March 21, 1984, is currently unidentified. Ridgway claimed that she was a white female in her early twenties and possibly had brown hair. Examination of the remains suggested that she was actually between twelve and eighteen, most likely around fifteen.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jane Doe B-10|url=http://greenriverkillings.com/jane-doe-b10|website=greenriverkillings.com|accessdate=June 27, 2014}}</ref> Analysis of the victim's skeleton indicated she was probably left-handed, and had at one point in her life suffered a healed skull fracture to the left temple. * Jane Doe B-17, also unidentified, was discovered on January 2, 1986; remains that had been found in another area February 18, 1984 were later matched to this victim. In 2003, Ridgway claimed responsibility for her death.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jane Doe B-17|url=http://greenriverkillings.com/jane-doe-b-17/|website=greenriverkillings.com|accessdate=June 27, 2014}}</ref> * Jane Doe B-20, a female between thirteen and twenty-four, was discovered in August 2003. Because the remains were partial, her face could not be reconstructed and her race could not be determined. She was murdered between the twenty-year span of 1973 to 1993, but is believed to have been murdered during the first decade of Ridgway's murder spree.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jane Doe B-20|url=http://greenriverkillings.com/jane-doe-b20|website=greenriverkillings.com|accessdate=June 27, 2014}}</ref> ===Task force victims list=== Ridgway is suspected of—but not charged with—murdering the remaining six victims of the original list attributed to the Green River Killer.<ref name="Task Force List"/> In each case, either Ridgway did not confess to the victim's death, or authorities have not been able to corroborate their suspicion with reliable evidence. {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name || Age || Disappeared || Found |- | [[Murder of Tammy Vincent|Tammy Vincent]] ||17|| {{sort|1979-08-00|August 1979}}|| {{sort|1979-09-26|September 26, 1979}} |- | Amina Agisheff || 35 || {{sort|1982-07-07|July 7, 1982}} || {{sort|1984-04-18|April 18, 1984}} |- | Kase Ann Lee (née Woods) || 16 || {{sort|1982-08-28|August 28, 1982}} || Undiscovered |- | Tammie Liles || 16 || {{sort|1983-06-09|June 9, 1983}} || {{sort|1985-04-00|April 1985}} |- | Kelly Kay McGinniss<ref>{{cite web|title=NamUs MP # 14131|url=https://www.findthemissing.org/en/cases/14131/31|publisher=[[National Missing and Unidentified Persons System]]|accessdate=October 1, 2015}}</ref> || 18 || {{sort|1983-06-28|June 28, 1983}} || Undiscovered |- | Angela Marie Girdner || 16 || {{sort|1983-07-00|July 1983}} || {{sort|1985-04-22|April 22, 1985}} |- | Patricia Osborn || 19 || {{sort|1983-10-20|October 20, 1983?}} || Undiscovered |} * Seattle native Tammy Vincent, who disappeared in 1979, was later thought to be a possible victim of Ridgway. In 1979, her body was found stabbed and shot to death in [[Tiburon, California]]. Her remains were not identified until 2007. He did not confirm involvement in her death, which was likely caused by a different person.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Wolfcale|first1=Joe|title=Victim in 1979 Tiburon murder finally identified|url=http://www.marinij.com/ci_7041839|accessdate=June 5, 2014|date=September 29, 2007}}</ref> * Ridgway denied killing Amina Agisheff. Agisheff does not fit the [[victimology|profile]] of any of the victims of the Green River Killer considering her age, and she was not a sex worker or a teenage runaway.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenewstribune.com/2003/11/16/366398/like-minds-bundy-figured-ridgway.html|title=Like minds: Bundy figured Ridgway out|work=The News Tribune|accessdate=September 27, 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193359/http://www.thenewstribune.com/2003/11/16/366398/like-minds-bundy-figured-ridgway.html|archivedate=October 29, 2013|df=mdy-all}}</ref> * Although he has never been charged with her murder, during police interrogations in 2003, Ridgway did confess to killing Kase Ann Lee (née Woods). He stated that he strangled Lee in 1982 and left her body near a drive-in theatre off the [[Washington State Route 99|Sea-Tac Strip]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19900411&slug=1065957|work=Seattle Times|accessdate=June 17, 2010|title=Cleaning Up Sea-Tac Strip -- Officials Target Prostitution, Dance Clubs|first=Linda W.Y.|last=Parrish|date=April 11, 1990}}</ref> Law enforcement officials have been unable to locate Lee's remains at the dump site that Ridgway indicated.<ref>{{cite book|last=Guillen|first=T.|title=Serial Killers: Issues Explored Through the Green River Murders|location=Upper Saddle River, New Jersey|publisher=Pearson|year=2007|page=145}}</ref> * Evidence exists to suggest that Ridgway murdered Kelly Kay McGinniss. Shortly before her disappearance, McGinniss was questioned by a Port of Seattle police officer while "dating" Ridgway near the [[SeaTac, Washington|SeaTac]] Strip. Furthermore, during the summer of 2003, Ridgway led authorities to the bodies of several of his victims. One of those bodies, later identified as that of April Buttram, was initially identified by Ridgway as being that of McGinness. According to Ridgway, he often confused McGinness with Buttram because of their similar physiques.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Prothero|first1= M.|last2=Smith|first2=C.|title=Defending Gary: Unraveling the Mind of the Green River Killer|location=Hoboken, New Jersey|publisher=Jossey-Bass|year=2006|page=376}}</ref> * Ridgway is a suspect in the deaths of Angela Marie Girdner and Tammie Liles. Their bodies were discovered within a mile of the bodies of known victims Shirley Shirell and Denise Bush. Liles remained unidentified until 1998 and Girdner until October 2009.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/12/16/green.river.killer/index.html|work=CNN|title=Police identify remains, look for link to 'Green River Killer'|accessdate=May 3, 2010|date=December 16, 2009}}</ref> ===Suspected=== Ridgway has been considered a suspect in the disappearances/murders of five other women not attributed at the time to the Green River Killer. No charges have been filed. {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Name || Age || Disappeared || Found |- | [[Murder of Martha Morrison|Martha Morrison]] || 17 || September 1, 1974|| October 12, 1974 |- | Unidentified Black Female || Unknown|| December 1980|| Undiscovered |- | Kristi Lynn Vorak || 13 || October 31, 1982 || Undiscovered |- | Patricia Ann Leblanc || 15 || August 12, 1983 || Undiscovered |- | Rose Marie Kurran<ref>{{cite news| url=http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/news/local/greenriver/1987/part6.html | work=The Seattle Times | title= Could killer strike again? Probably yes — despite 46 murders, little has changed | first1= Tomas |last1= Guillen |first2= Carlton | last2= Smith | date= September 18, 1987 |accessdate=November 17, 2014 }}</ref> || 16 || August 26, 1987 || August 31, 1987 |- | Darci Warde || 16 || April 24, 1990 || Undiscovered |- | Cora McGuirk || 22 || July 12, 1991 || Undiscovered |} *Martha Morrison disappeared from her apartment in Oregon in 1974. Her body was found along with another victim in Washington later that year. Morrison's case was speculated to have been related to the Green River killings. Her remains were identified in 2015.<ref name=columbian>{{cite news|last1=Gillespie|first1=Emily|title=Remains of homicide victim found near Vancouver identified after 41 years|url=http://www.columbian.com/news/2015/jul/13/vancouver-murder-victim-remains-martha-morrison/|accessdate=July 14, 2015|work=The Columbian|date=July 13, 2015}}</ref> * An unidentified black female, possibly bearing the first name Michelle, was a possible victim of Ridgway. She has never been located or identified.<ref>{{cite web|title=Case File 370UFWA|url=http://doenetwork.org/cases/370ufwa.html|website=doenetwork.org|publisher=[[The Doe Network]]|accessdate=January 5, 2015|date=June 20, 2012}}</ref> * Cora McGuirk was the mother of [[National Basketball Association]] player [[Martell Webster]]. McGuirk disappeared when her son was four years old.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.thenewstribune.com/2012/01/10/v-printerfriendly/1976551/plus-conti-plays-an-old-school.html |work= The News Tribune |title= PLU's Conti plays an old-school style |date= January 10, 2012 |accessdate= July 20, 2012 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120306042119/http://www.thenewstribune.com/2012/01/10/v-printerfriendly/1976551/plus-conti-plays-an-old-school.html |archivedate= March 6, 2012 |df= mdy-all }}</ref> * Ridgway was long suspected for the 1987 murder of Rose Marie Kurran (sometimes spelled "Curran"), a 16-year-old addict and prostitute,<ref>Sheriff [[David Reichert]] (2004), ''Chasing the Devil: My Twenty-Year Quest to Capture the Green River Killer, p. 192</ref> but was recently ruled out as a suspect.{{citation needed|date=September 2015}} ==Popular culture== ===In artwork=== * In 2004, [[Phil Hansen (artist)|Phil Hansen]] created and displayed artwork depicting Gary Ridgway's face, composed of 11,792 portraits of the 48 victims.<ref name=philhansenart>{{cite web |last=Hansen |first=Phil |title=48 Women |publisher=Phil Hansen Art website |url=http://www.philinthecircle.com/48_Women.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120703025931/http://www.philinthecircle.com/48_Women.html |archivedate=July 3, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> ===In documentaries and films (fiction and non-fiction)=== * The 1984 documentary ''Murder, No Apparent Motive'', about [[serial killers]] and [[FBI method of profiling|FBI Profilers]], mentioned that the (then) ongoing Green River Killer's murders were one of the latest examples of serial murders that go on in America without any apparent motives. * Unsolved Mysteries Television Series, Season 8, episode 11, Green River Killer segment. * The ninth episode of the 2010 American documentary show ''[[Who the (Bleep) Did I Marry?]]'' features his story and his third wife's side of it. * ''[[The Riverman]]'' is based on the true story of [[Ted Bundy]] assisting investigators trying to identify and catch the Green River Killer.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2004-09-09/lifestyle/0409070367_1_robert-keppel-serial-killer-green-river-killer |title=A&e's The Riverman Flows Into Some Murky Psychological Waters |date=September 9, 2004|first=Joanne |last=Ostrow |newspaper=[[Sun-Sentinel]] |accessdate=September 20, 2013}}</ref> It is based on the book of the same name by [[Robert D. Keppel]]. * The [[direct-to-DVD]] movie ''[[Green River Killer (film)|Green River Killer]]'' was released in 2005. * A 2006 episode of the TV series ''[[Crimes That Shook the World]]'' focuses on Gary Ridgway (played by Frank Violi). * In 2008, the [[Lifetime Movie Network]] aired ''[[The Capture of the Green River Killer]]'', a [[TV movie]] loosely based on his crimes. [[John Pielmeier]] portrays Ridgway. In 2014, they aired a documentary called ''My Uncle is the Green River Killer'' which featured Ridgway family members. * The Court TV (now [[TruTV]]) television series ''Mugshots'' released an episode on Ridgway titled ''Gary Ridgway The Green River Killer'', aired in 2013.<ref>{{cite web|title=MUGSHOTS: Gary Ridgway|url=http://filmrise.com/mugshots-gary-ridgway/|website=FilmRise|accessdate=November 8, 2017|date=December 1, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Amazon.com: Mugshots: Gary Ridgeway - The Green River Killer: Gary Ridgeway, Ellen Goosenberg Kent: Amazon Digital Services LLC|url=https://www.amazon.com/Mugshots-Ridgeway-Green-River-Killer/dp/B00D4X2KJE|website=www.amazon.com|accessdate=November 8, 2017}}</ref> *In 2005, A&E series Cold Case Files aired an episode called obsession: Dave Reichert and the Green River Killer. (Season 5, Episode 1) ===In print (non-fiction)=== *''Search for the Green River Killer'' by Carlton Smith with help from Tom Guillen (March 5, 1991) *''The Riverman: Ted Bundy and I Hunt for the Green River Killer'' by [[Robert D. Keppel]] (November 27, 1995) *''The Green River Killer'' by the ''King County Journal'' Staff (November 23, 2003) *''Chasing the Devil'' by Sheriff [[David Reichert]] (July 28, 2004) *''Green River, Running Red'' by true-crime author and former police officer [[Ann Rule]] (September 27, 2005) *''Serial Killers: Issues Explored Through Green River Murders'' by Tomas Guillen (January 14, 2006) *''Green River Serial Killer: Biography of an Unsuspecting Wife'' by Pennie Morehead, telling the story of his third wife and her struggles with the truth (April 1, 2007) *''Case of the Green River Killer'' by Diane Yancey (April 27, 2007) *''Defending Gary: Unraveling the Mind of the Green River Killer'' by [[Mark Prothero]] with help from Carlton Smith (May 25, 2007) *''Green River Killer: A True Detective Story'', a 2011 graphic novel by [[Jeff Jensen]] and [[Jonathan Case]]. Jensen's father was Tom Jensen, one of the detectives who worked on the case for 20 years. *''The Thirty-Ninth Victim'' by Arleen Williams, sister of Maureen Sue Feeney (April 6, 2008) ===In print (fiction)=== * The Green River murders are discussed in the [[Jodi Picoult]] novel ''[[House Rules (novel)|House Rules]].'' * The novel ''[[River (novel)|River]]'' by [[Roderick Thorp]] is subtitled "A Novel of the Green River Killings." {{ISBN|044990704X}} * Discussed in Stephenie Meyer's third ''Twilight'' book, ''[[Eclipse (Meyer novel)|Eclipse]]'' when there are murders in Seattle ===In music=== * Seattle rapper [[Sir Mix-a-Lot]] mentions the Green River Killer in at least two songs: 1989's ''The (Peek-a-Boo) Game'' and 1992's ''You Can't Slip''. * The 2002 song "Deep Red Bells" by [[Neko Case]] was inspired by her own life growing up as a teenager near the metropolis during the time of the murders.<ref name=nekocaseinterview>{{cite web|last=Matos|first=Michaelangelo|title=Neko Case: Thrice All American| url=http://www.furious.com/perfect/nekocase.html|work=Perfect Sound Forever | date= October 14, 2002 |accessdate=August 14, 2011}}</ref> * In 2003, [[Philadelphia]] [[Power electronics (music)|power electronics]] duo Deathpile released ''G.R.'', a concept album about Ridgway and his murders.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/Deathpile-GR/release/302367|title=Deathpile - G.R.|website=Discogs|access-date=October 10, 2016}}</ref> * In 2015, [[Seattle]] [[Industrial music|industrial]] band [https://www.reverbnation.com/murderweapons Murder Weapons] released their debut EP ''Guilty,'' the second track of which, titled "Cleansing," deals with the Green River Murders.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.discogs.com/Murder-Weapons-Guilty/release/7142715|title=Guilty|website=Discogs|access-date=March 18, 2018}}</ref> ===In television (fiction)=== * In a May 2013 interview,<ref name="interview">{{cite news|author=Rosenberg, Eli|url=http://blogs.amctv.com/the-killing/2013/05/veena-sud-interview-2|title=Q&A – Veena Sud (Executive Producer)|journal=amctv.com|date=May 2013}}</ref> [[Veena Sud]] stated her inspiration for [[The Killing (season 3)#Production and development|''The Killing'' season 3 (2013)]] came from ''Streetwise'', [[Mary Ellen Mark]]'s book of photographs about teenaged runaways in Seattle<ref name="Streetwise">{{cite book| title=Streetwise|authors=Cheryl McCall & Mary Ellen Mark (photographer)|year=1988|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|isbn=0812212681}}</ref> that was made into an eponymous [[Streetwise (1984 film)|1984 documentary]].<ref name="Streetwise"/> One of the street kids Mark documented in that and later books, 21-year-old Roberta Joseph Hayes, fell victim to The Green River Killer (Gary Ridgway). Sud said she was "very fascinated" with Ridgway, the serial killer of numerous women and girls near Seattle and Tacoma, Washington in the 1980s and 1990s.<ref name = "49th victim"/> * Ridgway is mentioned by his nickname, "the Green River Killer," in the fourth episode of the first season of the American comedy show ''[[The Last Man on Earth (TV series)|The Last Man on Earth]]'', when [[Kristen Schaal]]'s character mentions having attended a class from the police sketch artist whose "... [whose] drawings led to the capture of the Green River Killer." * Ridgway is repeatedly mentioned in episodes of the American crime drama show ''[[Criminal Minds]]''. ==References== {{reflist|30em}} ==Further reading== *[[Robert D. Keppel|Keppel, Robert]]. ''The Riverman: Ted Bundy and I Hunt for the Green River Killer''. 2004, paperback. 624 pages, {{ISBN|0-7434-6395-1}}. Updated after the arrest and confession of Gary Ridgway. *[[Ann Rule|Rule, Ann]]. ''Green River, Running Red''. Pocket, 2005, paperback. 704 pages, {{ISBN|0-7434-6050-2}}. *Guillen, Tomas. ''Serial Killers: Issues Explored Through the Green River Murders''. Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007, paperback. 186 pages. ==External links== {{commons category}} {{Portal|Biography|Washington}} * *[http://www.seattlepi.com/dayart/20031107/ridgwayletter.pdf A copy of Ridgway's infamous letter to the press (PDF)] *{{NCMEC UID|1151977|Jane Doe B-10}} *{{NCMEC UID|1151979|Jane Doe B-16}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ridgway, Gary}} [[Category:1949 births]] [[Category:20th-century American criminals]] [[Category:American military personnel of the Vietnam War]] [[Category:American murderers of children]] [[Category:American people convicted of murder]] [[Category:American prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment]] [[Category:American serial killers]] [[Category:Crimes against sex workers]] [[Category:Violence against women in the United States]] [[Category:Criminals from Utah]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Male serial killers]] [[Category:Necrophiles]] [[Category:People convicted of murder by Washington (state)]] [[Category:People from Salt Lake City]] [[Category:People from Seattle]] [[Category:Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Washington (state)]] [[Category:United States Navy sailors]] [[Category:American male criminals]]'