Examine individual changes

'{{About||the university|Oral Roberts University|the Pentecostal ministry|Oral Roberts Evangelistic Association}} {{Infobox Person | name = Oral Roberts | image = | image_size = | caption = | birth_date = {{birthdate|1918|01|24}} | birth_place = [[Ada, Oklahoma]], U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|2009|12|15|1918|01|24|}} | death_place = [[Newport Beach, California]], U.S. | death_cause = [[Pneumonia]] | occupation = [[Televangelism|Televangelist]] | salary = $161,872 from [[Oral Roberts Evangelistic Association]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.charitynavigator.org/index.cfm?bay=search.summary&orgid=4272|title=Oral Roberts Evangelistic Association|publisher=[[Charity Navigator]]|date=October 2007|first=|last=|accessdate=2007-10-05}}</ref> |spouse=Evelyn Lutman Roberts; married 1938–2005 (her death) |children=Ronald Roberts (deceased)<br>[[Richard Roberts (evangelist)|Richard Roberts]]<br>Rebecca Nash (deceased)<br>Roberta Potts |parents=Ellis Melvin Roberts<br>Claudia Priscilla Roberts<br>(nee Irwin) |website = http://www.oralroberts.com/oralroberts/ }} '''Granville Oral Roberts''' (January 24, 1918&nbsp;– December 15, 2009)<ref name="AP15">{{cite web|url=http://www.fox40.com/news/headlines/ktxl-news-oralroberts1215,0,1217900.story|title=Evangelist Oral Roberts Dead At 91|last=Juozapavicius|first=Justin|publisher=The Associated Press|date=December 15, 2009|accessdate=December 15, 2009}}</ref> was an [[United States|American]] [[Pentecostal]] [[televangelist]] and a [[Christianity|Christian]] [[charismatic movement|charismatic]]. He was the founder of [[Oral Roberts Evangelistic Association]] and [[Oral Roberts University]]. As one of the most famous and controversial religious leaders of the 20th century, his ministries reached millions of followers worldwide over six decades.<ref name="NYT_obit"/> His [[divine healing|healing]] ministry and bringing American [[Pentecostalism]] into the mainstream had the most impact<ref name="CT_obit">{{cite web|url=http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2009/decemberweb-only/151-34.0.html?start=1|title=Why the Oral Roberts Obituaries Are Wrong|last=Olsen|first=Ted|publisher=''Christianity Today''|date=December 16, 2009|accessdate=December 24, 2009}}</ref>, but he also pioneered TV [[evangelism]] and laid the foundations of the [[prosperity gospel]]<ref name="NYT_obit">{{cite news |title=Oral Roberts, Fiery Preacher, Dies at 91 |first=Keith |last=Schneider |publisher=''[[The New York Times]]'' |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/16/us/16roberts.html |date=December 15, 2009 |accessdate=December 24, 2009 }}</ref> and [[Abundant Life|abundant life]] teachings. ==Early life== Roberts was born in [[Pontotoc County, Oklahoma]], the fifth and youngest child of the Reverend Ellis Melvin Roberts and Claudia Priscilla Irwin (d. 1974).<ref>[http://www.wargs.com/other/robertso.html Ancestry of Oral Roberts]</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Oral Roberts's Mother Dies |publisher=[[The New York Times]] |url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60D10F93F58137B93CBA8178FD85F408785F9 |date=1974-04-19 |accessdate=2009-12-15}}</ref> According to an interview on ''[[Larry King Live]]'', Irwin was of [[Cherokee]] descent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0201/31/lkl.00.html|title=Interview With Lennox Lewis; Interview With Oral Roberts (transcript)|date=January 31, 2002|work=Larry King Live|accessdate=December 18, 2009}}</ref>. Roberts was a card-carrying member of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma.<ref>Website of the Cherokee Community of Central California [http://www.cherokeecommunityofcentralcalifornia.org/], retrieved December 19, 2009</ref> Roberts began life in poverty and nearly died of tuberculosis at age 17.<ref name="TulsaToday">{{cite news|url=http://www.tulsatoday.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1429:oral-roberts-dies&catid=58:local&Itemid=106 |title=Oral Roberts Dies |publisher=Tulsa Today |date=December 15, 2009|first=David |last=Arnett |accessdate=December 21, 2009}}</ref> After finishing high school, Roberts studied for two years each at [[Oklahoma Baptist University]] and [[Phillips University]]. In 1938 he married a preacher's daughter, Evelyn Lutman Fahnestock.<ref>[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=10919187 Evelyn Lutman Roberts - Find A Grave Memorial]</ref> Roberts became a traveling [[faith healer]] after ending his college studies without a degree. According to a ''[[TIME Magazine]]'' profile of 1972, Roberts originally made a name for himself with a large mobile tent "that sat 3,000 on metal folding chairs" where "he shouted at petitioners who did not respond to his healing."<ref name="Time1972">{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,905738-1,00.html|title=Oral's Progress|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date=February 7, 1972|first=|last=|accessdate =2007-01-04}}</ref> ==Ministry and university== Roberts was a pioneer [[televangelism|televangelist]] (he began broadcasting his revivals by television in 1954)<ref name="NYT_obit" /><ref>[http://www.infoplease.com/biography/var/oralroberts.html Infoplease bio]</ref> and attracted a vast viewership. 1947 came as a turning point. Up until that time Roberts had struggled as a part-time preacher in Oklahoma. But at the age of 29 he picked up his Bible and it fell open at the [[Third Epistle of John]] where verse two read: "I wish above all things that thou mayest prosper and be in health, even as thy soul prospereth." Roberts decided immediately that it was all right to be rich. The next day he bought a [[Buick]] and God appeared, he said, telling him to heal the sick.<ref name="guardianobit">{{cite web|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2009/dec/15/oral-roberts-obituary|title=Oral Roberts obituary|last=Christopher|first=Reed|publisher=''The Guardian'' (UK)|date=December 15, 2009|accessdate=December 21, 2009}}</ref> Roberts resigned his pastoral ministry with the [[Pentecostal Holiness Church]] to found [[Oral Roberts Evangelistic Association]] (OREA). He conducted evangelistic and faith healing crusades across America and around the world. Thousands of sick people would wait in line to stand before Oral Roberts so he could pray for them. He appeared as a guest speaker for hundreds of national and international meetings and conventions. Through the years, he conducted more than 300 crusades on six continents, and personally laid hands in prayer on more than 2 million people,<ref name="TulsaToday" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://laist.com/2009/12/15/evangelist_dr_oral_roberts_dies_at.php|title=Evangelist Dr. Oral Roberts Dies at 91 in Newport Beach|last=Behrens|first=Zach|publisher=''LAist''|date=quoting press release of December 15, 2009|accessdate=December 19, 2009}}</ref> even though on several occasions people died at his healing prayer sessions.<ref name="guardianobit" /> He also ran direct mail campaigns of [[Seed Faith|seed-faith]], which appealed to poor Americans, often from ethnic minorities. At its peak in the early 1980s, Roberts was the leader of a $120 million-a-year organization employing 2,300 people. This spanned not only a university but also a medical school and hospital as well as buildings on 50 acres south of [[Tulsa]] valued at $500 million.<ref name="NYT_obit" /><ref name="guardianobit" /> Another part of the Oral Roberts Evangelistic Association, the [[Abundant Life Prayer Group]], was founded in 1958. [[Image:Praying Hands at the main entrance to the campus of Oral Roberts University.jpg|thumb|left|The Praying Hands, on the ORU campus in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]]]] In 1963 he founded [[Oral Roberts University]] in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]], stating he was obeying a command from [[God]]. The university was chartered during 1963 and received its first students in 1965. Students were required to sign an honor code pledging not to [[alcohol|drink]], [[tobacco|smoke]], or engage in premarital sexual activities. The [[Prayer Tower]], opened in 1967, is located at the center of the campus. Roberts had a vast impact on the [[Protestant]] community. According to one authority, in conservative Protestant culture, his ministry had a worldwide impact second only to [[Billy Graham]]<ref name=AP_obit />. His [[divine healing]] ministry called for [[prayer]] to heal the [[Abundant Life|whole person]] — body, mind and spirit. Many labeled him a [[faith healer]], but he rejected this with the comment: "God heals — I don't."<ref name="CT_obit" /><ref name="AP_obit">{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=9344860|title=Evangelist Oral Roberts dies in Calif. at age 91|last=Juozapavicius|first=Justin|publisher=Associated Press|date=December 15, 2009|accessdate=January 10, 2010}}</ref> He played a major role in bringing American [[Pentecostal]] [[Christianity]] into the mainstream.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=9348795|title=Evangelist Oral Roberts leaves a complex legacy|last=Gorski|first=Eric|publisher=Associated Press|date=December 16, 2009|accessdate=January 17, 2010}}</ref> From 1968 through 1987, Roberts was a member of the [[United Methodist Church]]’s ministry.<ref name="telegraph_obit">{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/religion-obituaries/6827907/Oral-Roberts.html |title=Oral Roberts |publisher=''Telegraph'' (UK) |date=December 16, 2009 |accessdate=December 24, 2009}}</ref><ref>Website of ''Good News'' magazine [http://www.goodnewsmag.org/renewal/oral_roberts.htm], adapted from Oral Roberts’ autobiography, retrieved December 24, 2009</ref> Even though Roberts is often associated with the [[prosperity gospel]] and the [[faith movement]] because of his close doctrinal and personal ties with [[Word-Faith]] teachers, his [[Abundant Life|abundant life]] teachings do not fully identify him with that movement.<ref>{{Citation|surname1=Reid|given1=Daniel G.|surname2=Linder|given2=Robert Dean|surname3=Shelley|given3=Bruce L.|surname4=Stout|given4=Harry S.|year=1990|title=Dictionary of Christianity in America|publisher=Westmont, Illinois: InterVarsity Press|id=ISBN 978-0830817764}}</ref> In 1977, Roberts claimed to have had a vision from a 900-foot-tall Jesus who told him to build [[City of Faith Medical and Research Center]], and the hospital would be a success.<ref>Ideas and Trends: Oral Roberts's Word on Cancer", ''[[New York Times]]'', January 30, 1983</ref><ref>"Oral Roberts' Ministry Hits a 'Low Spot'", "[[Dallas Morning News]]", January 5, 1986</ref><ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?articleid=20080326_222_67873|title=Oral Roberts tells of talking to 900-foot Jesus|date=October 16, 1980|newspaper=Tulsa World}}</ref> In 1980, Roberts said he had a vision which encouraged him to continue the construction of his City of Faith Medical and Research Center in Oklahoma, which opened in 1981. At the time, it was among the largest health facilities of its kind in the world and was intended to merge prayer and medicine in the healing process. The City of Faith operated for only eight years before closing in late 1989. The Orthopedic Hospital of Oklahoma still operates on its premises. In 1983 Roberts said Jesus had appeared to him in person and commissioned him to find a cure for [[cancer]].<ref>Time, July 4, 1983</ref><ref>"Oral Roberts Seeking Millions for Holy Mission Against Cancer", ''[[Washington Post]]'', January 22, 1983</ref> Roberts' fundraising was controversial. In January 1987, during a fundraising drive, Roberts announced to a television audience that unless he raised $8 million by that March, God would "call him home." <ref>{{Citation|surname1=Randi|given1=James|authorlink1=James Randi|year=1989|title=[[The Faith Healers]]| publisher=Prometheus Books|id=ISBN 0-87975-369-2 and ISBN 0-87975-535-0}} pages 186</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://jcgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,964970,00.html|title=Raising Eyebrows and the Dead|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date= July 13, 1987|first=[[Richard Ostling|Richard]]|last=[[Richard Ostling|Ostling]]|accessdate =2007-12-24}}</ref> Some were fearful that he was referring to suicide, given the impassioned pleas and tears that accompanied his statement. He raised $9.1 million.<ref>[http://www.ondoctrine.com/10robero.htm 'Oral Roberts: "God will call me home"']</ref> Later that year, he announced that God had raised the dead through Roberts' ministry.<ref>{{Citation|surname1=Randi|given1=James|authorlink1=James Randi|year=1989|title=[[The Faith Healers]]|publisher=Prometheus Books|id=ISBN 0-87975-369-2 and ISBN 0-87975-535-0}} p. 192</ref> Some of Roberts' fundraising letters were written by [[Gene Ewing]], who heads a business writing donation letters for other evangelicals such as [[Don Stewart (preacher)|Don Stewart]] and [[Robert Tilton]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://docs.newsbank.com/g/GooglePM/DM/lib00376,0ED3D68534F95845.html|title=Direct-market evangelist brings in millions lawyer says it all goes|publisher=[[Dallas Morning News]]|date=March 10, 1996|accessdate =2007-05-17}}</ref> Roberts maintained his love of good things and one obituary claimed that even when times become hard, "he continued to wear his Italian silk suits, diamond rings and gold bracelets – airbrushed out by his staff on publicity pictures".<ref name="guardianobit" /><ref name="telegraph_obit" /> [[Image:CityPlex Towers in Tulsa, Oklahoma.jpg|thumb|right|The [[CityPlex]] office complex, originally built as Oral Roberts' [[City of Faith Medical and Research Center]] in Tulsa.]] He stirred up controversy when ''Time'' reported in 1987 that his son [[Richard Roberts (evangelist)|Richard Roberts]] claimed that he had seen his father raise a child from the dead.<ref name="Time1987">{{cite news|url=http://jcgi.pathfinder.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,964970,00.html|title=Raising Eyebrows and the Dead|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|date= February 7, 1972|first=Richard|last=Ostling|accessdate =2007-01-04}}</ref> That year, the ''[[Bloom County]]'' comic strip recast its character [[Bill the Cat]] as a satirized televangelist, "Fundamentally Oral Bill." In 1987 ''Time'' stated that he was "re-emphasizing faith healing and [is] reaching for his old-time constituency."<ref name="Time1987"/> However, his income continued to decrease (from $88 million in 1980 to $55 million in 1986, according to the ''[[Tulsa Tribune]]'') and his largely vacant City of Faith Medical Center continued to lose money.<ref name="Time1987"/> Harry McNevin said that in 1988 the ORU Board of Regents "rubber-stamped" the "use of millions in endowment money to buy a Beverly Hills property so that Oral Roberts could have a West Coast office and house".<ref>{{cite news|last=Juozapavicius|first=Justin|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/11/08/AR2007110801341_pf.html|title=Oral Roberts' Son Accused of Misspending|work=The Washington Post|publisher=[[Associated Press]]|date=November 8, 2007|accessdate=December 18, 2009}}</ref> In addition, he said a country club membership was purchased for the Roberts' home. The lavish expenses led to McNevin's resignation from the Board. {{wikinews|Former Oral Roberts University Regent member speaks out}} Scandals persisted through the 1980s as fraudulent healing practices were exposed. His organizations were also affected by scandals involving other [[televangelists]]<ref name="AP15" /> and the City of Faith hospital was forced to close in 1989 after losing money. Roberts was forced to respond with the sale of his holiday homes in [[Palm Springs]] and [[Beverly Hills]] as well as three of his [[Mercedes-Benz|Mercedes]] cars.<ref name="guardianobit" /> Richard Roberts resigned from the presidency of ORU on November 23, 2007 after being named as a defendant in a lawsuit alleging improper use of university funds for political and personal purposes, and improper use of university resources.<ref>[http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?subjectid=11&articleid=071123_1__Richa47602&archive=yes "Roberts resigns as ORU president"], ''[[Tulsa World]]'', November 23, 2007.</ref><ref>Ziva Branstetter, [http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?subjectid=11&articleid=071124_1_A1_hMove11578&archive=yes "Roberts resigns"], ''[[Tulsa World]]'', November 24, 2007.</ref> The university was given a donation of $8 million by entrepreneur [[Mart Green]], and although the lawsuit was still in process,<ref>{{cite web|title=ORU Lawsuit|url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/webextra/content/2007/oru-lawsuit/default.html|publisher=''[[Tulsa World]]''|accessdate=January 9, 2010}}</ref> the school submitted to an outside audit, and with a good report an additional $62 million was given by Green.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/education/2008-01-14-oralroberts-gift_N.htm|title=Oral Roberts University takes $62M gift|publisher=''[[USA Today]]''|date=January 15, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=ORU moves to trim its debt|url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?articleID=20080214_1_A1_hTrus02181|publisher=''[[Tulsa World]]''|last=Marciszewski|first=April|date=February 14, 2008|accessdate=January 9, 2010}}</ref> Oral Roberts continued in his role as ORU chancellor, helping in the leadership of ORU along with [[Billy Joe Daugherty]], who was named as the executive regent to assume administrative responsibilities of the Office of the President by the ORU Board of Regents.<ref>[http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?articleID=071018_1_A1_hTheO62814 "Roberts takes ORU leave"], ''[[Tulsa World]]'', 17 October 2007, retrieved 18 October 2007</ref> Oral Roberts, the ORU founder and chancellor, in 2009 eleven months before his death, handed over the leadership of ORU to its incoming president, [[Mark Rutland]].<ref>{{cite news|title=New ORU president says he has founder's blessing|url=http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?subjectid=11&articleid=20090130_11_A8_Oaoetn993404&archive=yes|publisher=''[[Tulsa World]]''|author=Sherman, Bill and Muchmore, Shannon|date=January 30, 2009|accessdate=January 9, 2010}}</ref> Even though Roberts' prosperous lifestyle, unorthodox fund-raising techniques, and the expanse of his organizations raised criticism and controversy, there was no credible evidence of malfeasance while he was in charge,<ref name="NYT_obit"/> he did not have sex-and-money scandals like some other [[televangelists]]<ref name="CT_obit" />, and he was not named among the six [[Prosperity gospel|prosperity]] teachers in the financial investigations launched by [[United States Senate|U.S. Senator]] Charles Grassley (R-Iowa) in 2007.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kwon |first=Lillian |title=Grassley Still Waiting on Preachers Under Financial Scrutiny |url=http://www.christianpost.com/article/20071219/grassley-still-waiting-on-preachers-under-financial-scrutiny/index.html |publisher=''The Christian Post'' |date=December 19, 2007 |accessdate=December 24, 2009 }}</ref> The [[Oklahoma Senate]] adopted a resolution honoring the life of Oral Roberts, and he accepted this honor in 2009 at the age of 91, seven months before his death.<ref>{{cite news|title=Oklahoma Senate Honors Oral Roberts|url=http://www.newson6.com/global/story.asp?s=10325475|publisher=Associated Press|date=May 7, 2009|accessdate=January 7, 2010}}</ref> The legacy he left behind upon his passing was worthy of his favorite quote: "Make No Small Plans Here."<ref name="Phil Cooke">[[Phil Cooke|Cooke, Phil]]; "Oral Roberts and Me: If I Can Do It, You Can Do It"; http://www.philcooke.com/Oral_Roberts</ref> ==Personal life== Roberts was married to Evelyn Lutman Fahnestock (April 22, 1917 - May 4, 2005) from December 25, 1938 until her death from pneumonia in a Southern [[California]] hospital at the age of 88.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.orm.cc/about/evelyn-roberts|title=Evelyn Roberts|publisher=Oral Roberts University|year=|first=|last=|accessdate=2009-12-15}}</ref><ref>[http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article.aspx?subjectid=11&articleid=20091215_18_0_OralRo862074 Oral Roberts dies]</ref> Their daughter Rebecca Nash died in an airplane crash on February 11, 1977 with her husband, businessman Marshall Nash.<ref>[http://www.check-six.com/Crash_Sites/Roberts-N59838.htm Check-Six.com - The Crash of Navajo #838]</ref> Their elder son Ronald committed suicide by shooting himself in June 1982, five months after receiving a court order to undergo counseling at a drug treatment center.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9503E3D61F38F933A25755C0A964948260|title=Oral Roberts's Son, 37, Found Shot Dead in Car|publisher=[[New York Times]]|date=June 10, 1982|first=|last=|accessdate=2007-04-01}}</ref> The other two Roberts children are still living&nbsp;&mdash; son [[Richard Roberts (evangelist)|Richard]], a well-known evangelist and former president of Oral Roberts University (ORU), and daughter Roberta Potts, an attorney. Oral Roberts died on December 15, 2009<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ktul.com/news/stories/1209/687732.html|title=Oral Roberts Dies at Age 91}}</ref> at the age of 91. He had been "semi-retired" and living in [[Newport Beach, California]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/features/religion/la-na-roberts6oct06,1,7279421.story?track=rss|title=Oral Roberts' son, his wife face scandal at university|publisher=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=October 5, 2007|first=|last=|accessdate=2007-10-05}}</ref> According to a 1987 article in the ''[[New York Review of Books]]'' by Martin Gardner, the "most accurate and best documented [[biography]] is ''Oral Roberts: An American Life'', an objective study by David Harrell Jr., a historian at [[Auburn University]]. Two out-of-print books take a more critical stance: James Morris' ''The Preachers'' ([[St. Martin's Press]], 1973) and Jerry Sholes' ''Give Me That Prime-Time Religion'' (Hawthorn, 1979)."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/article-preview?article_id=4689|title=Giving God a Hand|publisher=[[New York Review of Books]]|date=August 13, 1987|first=Martin|last=Gardner|accessdate=2007-10-18}}</ref> ==See also== * [[Charismatic Christianity]] * [[List of television evangelists]] ==References== {{reflist|2}} ==Further reading== ;About Roberts * ''[[The Faith Healers]]'', by [[James Randi]], Buffalo, N.Y.: [[Prometheus Books]], 1987. ISBN 0879753692 * ''[http://www.iupress.indiana.edu/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=19744 Oral Roberts: An American Life]'', by David Edwin Harrell, Jr., Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press ISBN 0-253-15844-3 ;By Roberts * ''The Call: An autobiography''. by Oral Roberts, Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, 1972. * ''Expect a miracle: my life and ministry''. by Oral Roberts, Nashville : T. Nelson, 1995.ISBN 0785277528 * ''Oral Roberts' life story, as told by himself.'' by Oral Roberts, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1952. ==External links== {{sisterlinks}} * [http://memorial.oru.edu Webcast of Chancellor Oral Roberts' Memorial Service] * [http://www.orm.cc Oral Roberts Ministries] * [http://www.oru.edu Oral Roberts University] *[http://www.tulsaworld.com/oralroberts ''Oral Roberts: The Man. The Mission. The Ministry.''], online archive at ''[[Tulsa World]]'' * [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/religion-obituaries/6827907/Oral-Roberts.html Oral Roberts' obituary in ''Telegraph'' (UK)] * [http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/37922/life-with-oral-roberts Life With Oral Roberts] slideshow by ''[[Life magazine]]'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Roberts, Oral}} [[Category:1918 births]] [[Category:2009 deaths]] [[Category:American evangelists]] [[Category:American Pentecostals]] [[Category:American television evangelists]] [[Category:Americans of Cherokee descent]] <!-- http://www.cherokeecommunityofcentralcalifornia.org/ --> [[Category:Americans of Choctaw descent]] <!-- http://www.cherokeecommunityofcentralcalifornia.org/ --> [[Category:Faith healers]] [[Category:Deaths from pneumonia]] [[Category:Infectious disease deaths in California]] [[Category:Oklahoma Baptist University alumni]] [[Category:Oral Roberts University people]] [[Category:People from Pontotoc County, Oklahoma]] [[ko:오럴 로버츠]] [[nl:Oral Roberts]] [[no:Oral Roberts]] [[pt:Oral Roberts]] [[fi:Oral Roberts]] [[sv:Oral Roberts]] [[uk:Орал Робертс]]'