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'{{Short desc|Ancient dynasty of the Indian subcontinent}}{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2015}} {{Use Indian English|date=December 2015}} '''Pauravas''' was an [[ancient India]]n dynasty in the northwest [[Indian subcontinent]] (present-day [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]). == History == The Persian kings [[Darius the Great|Darius]] and [[Xerxes I of Persia|Xerxes]] of the Achaemenid Empire claimed suzerainty of the Punjab region.<ref name="Holt2003">{{cite book|author=Frank L. Holt|title=Alexander the Great and the Mystery of the Elephant Medallions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BuYlDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA49|date=24 November 2003|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-23881-7|page=49}}</ref> The Achaemenid Empire occupied land past the Indus River, thus would have governed lands claimed by Porus' Kingdom. At the time of Alexander's invasion, the Pauravas were situated on or near the [[Jhelum]] River,<ref name="Phillips2012"/> until the [[Chenab]] River. This was not only the extant of Porus' Kingdom, but was also the eastern limit of the Macedonian Empire. [[Alexander the Great|Alexander]] defeated [[Porus]] at the [[Battle of the Hydaspes]]. Due to Porus' display in the battlefield, Alexander appointed him as a Macedonian [[satrap]] and additionally granted Porus with more land in the Indus. Alexander was initially set on venturing further into India, however the battle of Hydaspes against Porus curbed this aspiration. Alexander's army would mutiny when opposed to the [[Nanda Empire]] and their subordinate [[Gangaridai]]. According to the Greek historian [[Plutarch]], the previous conflict against Porus' much smaller army dissuaded their advance. {{Quote|text=As for the Macedonians, however, their struggle with Porus blunted their courage and stayed their further advance into India. For having had all they could do to repulse an enemy who mustered only twenty thousand infantry and two thousand horse, they violently opposed Alexander when he insisted on crossing the river Ganges also, the width of which, as they learned, was thirty-two furlongs, its depth a hundred fathoms, while its banks on the further side were covered with multitudes of men-at-arms and horsemen and elephants. For they were told that the kings of the Ganderites and Praesii were awaiting them with eighty thousand horsemen, two hundred thousand footmen, eight thousand chariots, and six thousand fighting elephants.|sign=[[Plutarch]]|source=[[Plutarch's Lives]], Plutarch, Alexander, 62}} Alexander would die on his way back from India.<ref name="Phillips2012">{{cite book|author=Graham Phillips|title=Alexander The Great|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6EwrwOjz7-8C&pg=PA129|date=31 March 2012|publisher=Ebury Publishing|isbn=978-0-7535-3582-0|pages=129–131}}</ref> The instability that ensued after Alexanders death resulted in a power struggle and dramatic changes in governance. Porus was soon assassinated by the Macedonia general [[Eudemus (general)|Eudemus.]] By 315 BC, the Macedonian entity was conquered by [[Chandragupta Maurya]], a young adventurer, who later conquered the [[Nanda Empire]] and founded the Indian [[Maurya Empire]]. After engaging and winning the [[Seleucid–Mauryan war]] for supremacy over the Indus Valley, Chandragupta gained controlled of modern-day Punjab and Afghanistan. This set the foundations of the Mauryan Empire, which would become the [[List of largest empires in India|largest empire in the Indian subcontinent]].<ref name="MacDonell2014">{{cite book|author=Arthur A. MacDonell|title=A History of Sanskrit Literature (Illustrated)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RL5UCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT331|date=28 March 2014|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-304-98862-1|page=331}}</ref> ===Post-Mauryan Empire=== [[File:Indian tribes between the Indus and the Ganges.jpg]] Following the disintegration of the Mauryan Empire, many regional entities emerged. The Taleshwar [[Indian copper plate inscriptions|copper plates]] found in [[Almora]], stated Brahmapura Kingdom rulers belonged to the royal lineage of Pauravas.<ref name="auto">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tK5y4iPArKQC&pg=PA53&lpg=PA53&dq=pauravas+samudragupta&source=bl&ots=B9cLI8EH4O&sig=pO7Ls6n4ZJRUrCVNvp1SpAl-SFM&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiqqr39la3fAhXumq0KHWfNAIYQ6AEwF3oECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=pauravas&f=false|title=Ancient Communities of the Himalaya|last=Saklani|first=Dinesh Prasad|date=1998|publisher=Indus Publishing|isbn=9788173870903|language=en}}</ref> It is stated that these kings were brahminical in habitat and practices. It appears that the Pauravas were annexed by the militant [[Yaudheya|Yaudheya Republic]].<ref name="auto"/> ==In popular culture== * [[Sony Entertainment Television]] has launched a TV show on the life of [[King]] [[Porus]] titled ''[[Porus (TV series)|Porus]]'' in which his kingdom Pauravas named as "Paurav Rashtra" has been portrayed. ==See also== {{Portal|India}} *[[Indian campaign of Alexander the Great]] *[[Shurasena]] ==References== {{reflist}} [[Category:Kingdoms in the Mahabharata]]'