Examine individual changes

'@@ -1,71 +1,332 @@ -'''One man, one vote''' (or '''one person, one vote''') is a [[slogan]] used by advocates of [[political equality]] through various [[electoral reform]]s such as [[universal suffrage]], [[proportional representation]], or the elimination of [[plural voting]], [[malapportionment]], or [[gerrymandering]]. - -The British trade unionist [[George Howell (trade unionist)|George Howell]] used the phrase "one man, one vote" in political pamphlets in 1880.<ref>George Howell (1880). "One man, one vote". ''Manchester Selected Pamphlets''. {{jstor|60239578}}</ref> During the 20th-century period of decolonisation and the struggles for national sovereignty, from the late 1940s onwards this phrase became widely used in [[developing countries]] where majority populations sought to gain political power in proportion to their numbers.{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} - -The slogan was notably used by the [[Internal resistance to South African apartheid|anti-apartheid]] movement during the 1980s, which sought to end white minority rule in [[South Africa]].<ref name=SouthAfricaHope/><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Bond|first1=Larry|last2=Larkin|first2=Patrick|title=[[Vortex (Bond and Larkin novel)|Vortex]]|location=United States|language=English|publisher=Little, Brown and Warner Books|date=June 1991|isbn=0-446-51566-3|oclc=23286496|page=37}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media|first=Jeffrey|last=Boam|title=[[Lethal Weapon 2]]|date=July 1989|publisher=Warner Bros.}}</ref> - -In the United States, the "one person, one vote" principle was invoked in a series of cases in the 1960s.<ref>Richard H. Fallon, Jr. (2013). ''The Dynamic Constitution''. Cambridge University Press, 196.</ref><ref name=Smith2014>Douglas J. Smith (2014). ''On Democracy's Doorstep: The Inside Story of How the Supreme Court Brought "One Person, One Vote" to the United States''. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.</ref><ref>"One person, one vote", in David Andrew Schultz (2010). ''Encyclopedia of the United States Constitution''. Infobase Publishing, 526.</ref><ref name=Ansolabehere/>{{efn|Justice Douglas, ''[[Gray v. Sanders]]'' (1963): "The conception of political equality from the [[Declaration of Independence]], to [[Abraham Lincoln|Lincoln]]'s [[Gettysburg Address]], to the [[Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fifteenth]], [[Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Seventeenth]], and [[Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Nineteenth Amendments]] can mean only one thing—one person, one vote."<ref>C. J. Warren, ''Reynolds v. Sims,'' 377 U.S. 533, 558 (1964) (quoting ''Gray v. Sanders'', 372 U.S. 368 (1963)), cited in [https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/quotation/%5Bfield_short_title-raw%5D_185 "One-person, one-vote rule"], Legal Information Institute, Cornell University Law School.</ref>}} Applying the [[Equal Protection Clause]] of the United States Constitution, the Supreme Court majority opinion in ''[[Reynolds v. Sims]]'' (1964) ruled that state legislatures needed to redistrict in order to have congressional districts with roughly equal represented populations. In addition, the court ruled that, unlike the [[United States Congress]], both houses of state legislatures needed to have representation based on districts containing roughly equal populations, with redistricting as needed after censuses.<ref name="governance"/> - -==United Kingdom== -{{unreferenced section|date=November 2013}} -This phrase was traditionally used in the context of demands for [[suffrage#History of suffrage in the United Kingdom|suffrage]] reform. Historically the emphasis within the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] was on representing ''areas'': [[county constituency|counties]], [[borough constituency|boroughs]] and, later on, [[university constituency|universities]]. The entitlement to vote for the [[Member of Parliament|Members of Parliament]] representing the constituencies varied widely, with different qualifications over time, such as owning property of a certain value, holding an apprenticeship, qualifying for paying the local-government rates, or holding a degree from the university in question. Those who qualified for the vote in more than one constituency were entitled to vote in each constituency, while many adults did not qualify for the vote at all. [[Plural voting]] was also present in local government, whereby the owners of business property qualified for votes in the relevant [[Ward (country subdivision)|wards]]. - -Reformers argued that Members of Parliament and other elected officials should represent citizens equally, and that each voter should be entitled to exercise the vote once in an election. Successive [[Reform Act]]s by 1950 had both extended the franchise eventually to almost all adult citizens (barring [[convicts]], [[lunatics]] and members of the [[House of Lords]]), and also reduced and finally eliminated plural voting for Westminster elections. Plural voting for local-government elections outside the City of London was not abolished until the [[Representation of the People Act 1969]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Halsey |first=Albert Henry |date=1988 |title=British Social Trends since 1900 |url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=x3euCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA298&lpg=PA298&dq=%22Representation+of+the+people+act+1969%22+%22business+vote%22&source=bl&ots=XkpGSCEOx8&sig=ACfU3U1DXt_My4EpN2FUoIP7owzeZ_NNOw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiJuP3pqpTiAhV_SRUIHRskC5cQ6AEwEXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%201969%22%20%22business%20vote%22&f=false |publisher=Springer |page=298 |isbn=9781349194667 |author-link=A. H. Halsey}}</ref><ref>{{cite hansard |jurisdiction=United Kingdom |title=City of London (Ward Elections) Bill |url=https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/commons/1999/feb/24/city-of-london-ward-elections-bill-by#S6CV0326P0_19990224_HOC_414 |house=House of Commons |date=24 February 1999 |column=452 |speaker=[[Peter Brooke, Baron Brooke of Sutton Mandeville|Peter Brooke]]}}</ref> - -But, there were two significant exceptions: - -===City of London=== -The [[City of London]] had never expanded its boundaries and, with many residential dwellings being replaced by businesses, and the destruction of [[The Blitz]], after the [[World War II|Second World War]] the financial district had barely five thousand residents altogether. The system of plural voting was retained for electing the [[City of London Corporation#Elections|City of London Corporation]], with some modifications. - -===Northern Ireland=== -When [[Northern Ireland]] was established in 1921, it adopted the same political system then in place for the Westminster Parliament and British local government. But the [[Parliament of Northern Ireland]] did not follow Westminster in changes to the franchise from 1945. As a result, into the 1960s, plural voting was still allowed not only for local government (as it was for local government in Great Britain) but also for the Parliament of Northern Ireland. This meant that in local council elections (as in Great Britain) ratepayers and their spouses, whether renting or owning the property, could vote while company directors had an extra vote by virtue of their company's status. However, unlike the situation in Great Britain, non-ratepayers did not have a vote in local government elections. The franchise for elections to the Parliament of Northern Ireland had been extended in 1928 to all adult citizens who were not disqualified, at the same time as the franchise for elections to Westminster. However, University representation and the business vote continued at Stormont to 1969, while they were abolished for Westminster (including Westminster seats in Northern Ireland) in 1948. [[University constituency#Ireland|University representation]] still exists in [[Seanad Éireann]], the upper house of the [[Oireachtas]] (parliament) of the Republic of Ireland. Historians and political scholars have debated the extent to which the franchise for local government contributed to [[unionism in Ireland|unionist]] electoral success in controlling councils in [[Irish nationalism|nationalist]]-majority areas.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/discrimination/whyte.htm| title = 'How much discrimination was there under the unionist regime, 1921-1968?' | accessdate = 2007-08-30| author = John H. Whyte| author-link = John H. Whyte| publisher = [[Conflict Archive on the Internet]]}}</ref> - -Based on a number of inequities, the [[Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association]] was founded in 1967. It had five primary demands, and added the demand that each citizen in Northern Ireland be afforded the same number of votes for local government elections (as stated above, this was not yet the case anywhere in the United Kingdom). The slogan "one man, one vote" became a rallying cry for this campaign.{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} The Parliament of Northern Ireland voted to update the voting rules for Stormont elections, which were implemented for the [[1969 Northern Ireland general election]], and for local government elections, which was done by the [http://www.legislation.gov.uk/apni/1969/26/introduction Electoral Law Act (Northern Ireland) 1969], passed on 25 November 1969. - -==United States== -===Historical background=== -The [[United States Constitution]] requires a [[United States Census|decennial census]] for the purpose of assuring fair apportionment. Reapportionment has generally been conducted without incident with the exception of the reapportionment that should have followed the [[1920 United States Census|1920 Census]], which was effectively skipped pending resolution by the [[Reapportionment Act of 1929]]. Congressional seats have been reapportioned based on population changes between states. State legislatures initially established election of congressional representatives from [[Constituency|districts]], often based on traditional counties or parishes which preceded founding of the new government. The question arose as to whether the [[State legislature (United States)|state legislature]]s were required to ensure that congressional districts were roughly equal in population and to draw new districts to accommodate demographic changes.<ref name=Ansolabehere/><ref name=Smith2014/> - -Some states redrew their U.S. House districts every ten years to reflect changes in population patterns; many did not. Some never redrew them, except when it was mandated by a change in the number of seats to which that state was entitled in the House of Representatives. In many states, this led to a skewing of influence for voters in some districts over those in others. For example, if the 2nd congressional district eventually had a population of 1.5 million, but the 3rd had only 500,000, then, in effect – since each district elected the same number of representatives – a voter in the 3rd district had three times the voting "power" of a 2nd-district voter. Alabama's state legislature resisted redistricting from 1910 to 1972 (when forced by federal court order). As a result, rural residents retained a wildly disproportionate amount of power in a time when other areas of the state became urbanized and industrialized, attracting greater populations. Such urban areas were under-represented in the state legislature and underserved; their residents had difficulty getting needed funding for infrastructure and services. They paid far more in taxes to the state than they received in benefits in relation to the population.<ref name="governance">[http://www.charlestoncounty.org/MAP/FinalReport/pages219-238.pdf Charlie B. Tyler, "County Government in the Palmetto State"], University of South Carolina, 1998, p. 221</ref> - -The [[United States Constitution|Constitution]] includes the result of the [[Great Compromise]] resulting in representation for the US Senate. Each state was equally represented in the Senate with two representatives, without regard to population. The [[Founding Fathers]] considered this principle of such importance that they included a clause in the Constitution to prohibit any state from being deprived of equal representation in the Senate without its permission; see [[Article V of the United States Constitution]]. For this reason, "one person, one vote" has never been implemented in the U.S. Senate, in terms of representation by states. - -When states established their legislatures, they often adopted a bicameral model based on colonial governments. Many copied the Senate principle, establishing an upper house based on geography - for instance a state senate with one representative drawn from each county. By the 20th century, this often led to state senators having widely varying amounts of power, with ones from rural areas having votes equal to senators representing much greater urban populations. - -[[Activism]] in the [[Civil Rights Movement]] to regain the ability of African Americans in the South to register and vote highlighted other voting inequities across the country. Numerous court challenges were raised, including in Alabama due to the lack of reapportionment, for decades. - -=== Court cases === -In {{ussc|name=Colegrove v. Green|328|549|1946|el=no}} the United States Supreme Court held in a 4-3 plurality decision that [[Article One of the United States Constitution#Section 4: Congressional elections|Article I, Section 4]] left to the legislature of each state the authority to establish the time, place, and manner of holding elections for representatives. - -However, in {{ussc|name=Baker v. Carr|369|186|1962|el=no}} the United States Supreme Court overturned the previous decision in Colegrove holding that malapportionment claims under the [[Equal Protection Clause]] of the [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Fourteenth Amendment]] were not exempt from judicial review under [[Article Four of the United States Constitution#Section 4: Obligations of the United States|Article IV, Section 4]], as the equal protection issue in this case was separate from any political questions.<ref name=Ansolabehere>Stephen Ansolabehere, James M. Snyder (2008). ''The End of Inequality: One Person, One Vote and the Transformation of American Politics''. Norton.</ref> - -The "one person, one vote" doctrine, which requires electoral districts to be apportioned according to population, thus making each district roughly equal in population, was further cemented in the cases that followed ''Baker'', including {{ussc|name=Gray v. Sanders|372|368|1963|el=no}} which concerned the [[County Unit System]] in Georgia, {{ussc|name=Reynolds v. Sims|377|533|1964|el=no}} which concerned [[state legislature (United States)|state legislature]] districts, {{ussc|name=Wesberry v. Sanders|376|1|1964|el=no}} which concerned [[United States Congress|U.S. Congressional]] districts and {{ussc|name=Avery v. Midland County|390|474|1968|el=no}} which concerned [[Local government in the United States|local government]] districts, a decision which was upheld in {{ussc|name=Board of Estimate of City of New York v. Morris|489|688|1989|el=no}}.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,838157,00.html | work=Time | title=The Supreme Court: One-Man, One-Vote, Locally | date=1968-04-12 | accessdate=2010-05-20}}</ref> {{ussc|name=Evenwel v. Abbott|578|___|2016|el=no}} said states may use total population in drawing districts. - -=== Other uses === -* In Alaska, when an initiative for [[Instant-runoff voting|instant runoff voting]] (IRV) was put on the ballot in 2002, [[League of Women Voters]] President Cheryl Jebe said, "It appears to compromise the well-established principle of one person, one vote, established by the United States Supreme Court."<ref>[http://archive.fairvote.org/index.php?page=1167&articlemode=showspecific&showarticle=2335 Alaska Voters Mull Instant Runoff]</ref> However, the Leagues of Women Voters in at least ten other states have endorsed its use.<ref>{{cite web |title=League of Women Voters Endorsements for Ranked Choice Voting |url=http://archive.fairvote.org/?page=2301 |website=FairVote |publisher=FairVote |accessdate=2019-02-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Instant Runoff Voting |url=http://www.lwvme.org/IRV.html |website=League of Women Voters of Maine |publisher=League of Women Voters of Maine |accessdate=2019-02-10}}</ref> -* In 1975, a [[Instant-runoff voting#Plural voting|Michigan court ruling]] declared that "majority preferential voting," as IRV was then known, did not violate the one-man, one-vote rule:<ref>[http://archive.fairvote.org/?page=397 ''Stephenson v Ann Arbor Board of Canvassers,'' fairvote.org], accessed 6 November 2013.</ref> -<blockquote>Under the 'M.P.V. System', however, no one person or voter has more than one effective vote for one office. No voter's vote can be counted more than once for the same candidate. In the final analysis, no voter is given greater weight in his or her vote over the vote of another voter, although to understand this does require a conceptual understanding of how the effect of a 'M.P.V. System' is like that of a run-off election. The form of majority preferential voting employed in the City of Ann Arbor's election of its Mayor does not violate the one-man, one-vote mandate nor does it deprive anyone of equal protection rights under the Michigan or United States Constitutions.</blockquote> -* [[Training Wheels for Citizenship]], a failed 2004 initiative in [[California]], attempted to give [[Minor (law)|minor]]s between 14 and 17 years of age (who otherwise cannot vote) a fractional vote in state elections. Among the criticisms leveled at the proposed initiative was that it violated the "one man, one vote" principle.<ref>[http://www.csmonitor.com/2004/0312/p01s03-uspo.html Should 14-year-olds vote? OK, how about a quarter of a vote?], Daniel B. Wood, [[Christian Science Monitor]], Mar. 12, 2004.</ref> -* In 2018, a federal court ruled on the constitutionality of Maine’s use of [[Ranked Choice Voting | Ranked Choice Voting (Instant Runoff Voting)]], stating that "'one person, one vote' does not stand in opposition to ranked balloting, so long as all electors are treated equally at the ballot"<ref>{{cite web |author1=U.S. District Judge Lance Walker |title=Read the federal judge’s decision on Poliquin’s ranked-choice challenge |url=https://bangordailynews.com/2018/12/13/politics/read-the-federal-judges-decision-on-poliquins-ranked-choice-challenge/ |website=Bangor Daily News |publisher=Bangor Daily News |accessdate=2019-02-10 |page=21 |date=2018-12-13}}</ref> -*The courts have found that [[Special district (United States)|special-purpose districts]] must also follow the one person, one vote rule.<ref>''Avery v. Midland County,'' 390 U.S. 474, 88 S. Ct. 1114, 20 L. Ed. 2d 45 (1968)</ref><ref>''Ball v. James,'' 451 U.S. 355, 101 S. Ct. 1811, 68 L. Ed. 2d 150 (1981)</ref><ref>''Bjornestad v. Hulse,'' 229 Cal. App. 3d 1568, 281 Cal. Rptr. 548 (1991)</ref><ref>''Board of Estimate v. Morris'', 489 U.S. 688, 109 S. Ct. 1433, 103 L. Ed. 2d 717 (1989)</ref><ref>''Hadley v. Junior College District,'' 397 U.S. 50, 90 S. Ct. 791, 25 L. Ed. 2d 45 (1970)</ref><ref>''Hellebust v. Brownback,'' 824 F. Supp. 1511 (D. Kan. 1993)</ref><ref>''Kessler v. Grand Central District Management Association,'' 158 F.3d 92. (2d Cir. 1998)</ref><ref>''Reynolds v. Sims'', 377 U.S. 533, 84 S. Ct. 136, 12 L. Ed. 2d 506 (1964)</ref><ref>''Salyer Land Co. v. Tulare Lake Basin Water Storage District,'' 410 U.S. 719 (1973)</ref> -*Due to treaties signed by the United States in 1830 and 1835, two [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] [[List of federally recognized tribes|tribes]] (the [[Cherokee]] and [[Choctaw]]) each hold the right to a [[Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives|non-voting delegate]] in the [[United States House of Representatives|House of Representatives]].<ref>{{cite news|title=The Cherokee Nation Is Entitled to a Delegate in Congress. But Will They Finally Send One?|first=Tristan|last=Ahtone|date=January 4, 2017|work=YES! Magazine|location=Bainbridge Island, Washington|url=https://www.yesmagazine.org/people-power/the-cherokee-nation-is-entitled-to-a-delegate-in-congress-but-will-they-finally-send-one-20170104|access-date=January 4, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Pommersheim|first=Frank|title=Broken Landscape: Indians, Indian Tribes, and the Constitution|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DbNdwTo2ENEC&pg=PA333|accessdate=January 4, 2019|date=September 2, 2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Oxford, England|isbn=978-0-19-970659-4|page=333}}</ref> As of 2019, neither tribe has ever exercised that right but, as all tribal governments related to the two in question exist within present-day state boundaries, it has been suggested that such an arrangement could potentially violate the "one man, one vote" principle by granting a "super-vote"; a Cherokee or Choctaw voter would have two House representatives (state and tribal) whereas any other American would only have one.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Rosser |first=Ezra |date=7 Nov 2005 |title=The Nature of Representation: The Cherokee Right to a Congressional Delegate |url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=842647 |journal=Boston University Public Interest Law Journal |volume=15 |issue=91 |pages=91–152 |doi= |access-date= }}</ref> - -==One man, one vote, one time== -The term "One man, one vote, one time" has been applied to [[Rhodesia]] (now [[Zimbabwe]]), [[Zambia]], and [[Angola]], where elections were successfully held that were relatively free of corruption and violence, but then a [[strongman (politics)|strongman]] took hold and free voting ended.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=9781412815062|publisher=Transaction Publishers|year=2011|title=A Political History of the Civil War in Angola: 1974-1990|author=W. Martin James III|page=X}}</ref><ref name=SouthAfricaHope>{{cite book|isbn=0817989528|title=Hope for South Africa?|publisher=Hoover Institution Press|year=1991|author=Peter Duignan|author2=Lewis H. Gann|page=166}}</ref> - -==See also== -*[[One vote, one value]] - a similar principle in Australia -*[[Proportional representation]] -*[[Panachage]] - an opposite system - -==Notes== -{{notelist}} - -==References== -{{Reflist|25em}} - -{{DEFAULTSORT:One man, one vote}} -[[Category:Suffrage]] -[[Category:Political catchphrases]] -[[Category:Democracy]] -[[Category:United States One Person, One Vote Legal Doctrine]] +One Man, One Vote +The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast.The Electoral College was established in 1804 and has elected our presidents ever since, but that doesn't mean it should. Instead, the US president should be elected by a popular vote system for 3 main reasons: +FIRST: The Electoral college suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast. +SECOND: +THIRD +Resolved: The US president should be elected by popular vote. + The Electoral College suppresses voting and lowers voter turnout. This is a consequence of voters feeling underrepresented in states that usually vote for a single political party. The cause of this feeling of underrepresentation is that these states are not visited during election campaigns. In an article from US News, it is shown on a map of the United States that the main 2016 Presidential candidates campaigned in just 8 battleground states, with very little time spent in any other states. In a world where the National Popular Vote is implemented to elect the president of the United States this focus on battleground states will not exist, and all people will feel equally represented(. Which is proven as candidates) will have to campaign everywhere to win the Popular Vote rather than just these few key states. In addition, a National Popular Vote will further give representation to all voters by ensuring that every vote for president is equally valued no matter where it is cast. '