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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext ) | '{{short description|Species of mammal}}
{{distinguish|text=the [[Tibetan gazelle]] or goa, a true antelope}}
{{redirect|Chiru|the Indian actor|Chiranjeevi|the village in Iran|Chiru, Iran|the 2010 film|Chiru (film)}}
{{Speciesbox
| name = Tibetan antelope
| image = The book of antelopes (1894) Pantholops hodgsoni.png
| image_alt = Pantholops hodgsonii
| image_caption =
| status = NT
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite journal | authors = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group| title = ''Pantholops hodgsonii'' | journal = [[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] | volume= 2016| page = e.T15967A50192544 | publisher = [[IUCN]] | year = 2016| url = https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15967A50192544.en| accessdate = 14 March 2019 }}</ref>
| genus = Pantholops
| parent_authority = [[Brian Houghton Hodgson|Hodgson]], 1834<ref>[[Brian Houghton Hodgson|Hodgson B.]] (1834). ''[[Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London]]'' '''2''': [https://archive.org/stream/proceedingsofgen34zool#page/n91/mode/2up page 81].</ref>
| species = hodgsonii
| authority = ([[Clarke Abel|Abel]], 1826)
| range_map = Pantholops hodgsonii distribution.png
}}
The '''Tibetan antelope''' or '''chiru''' (''Pantholops hodgsonii'')<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Chiru|volume=6|page=247}}</ref> ({{bo|t=གཙོད་|w=gtsod|lang=y}}, pronounced {{IPA-bo|tsǿ|}}; {{zh|c=藏羚羊|p=zànglíngyáng}}<ref>"【藏羚羊】 zànglíngyáng" [[A Dictionary of Current Chinese]] Ed. 7 2016 pg 1633</ref>) is a medium-sized [[bovid]] native to the [[Tibetan plateau]]. Fewer than 150,000 mature individuals are left in the wild, but the population is currently thought to be increasing.<ref name=iucn/> In 1980s and 1990s, they had become endangered due to massive illegal [[poaching]]. They are hunted for their extremely soft, light and warm underfur which is usually obtained after death. This underfur, known as ''[[shahtoosh]]'' (a Persian word meaning "king of fine wools"), is used to weave luxury shawls. Shahtoosh shawls were traditionally given as wedding gifts in India and it takes the underfur of 3-5 adult antelopes to make one shawl. Despite strict controls on trade of shahtoosh products and CITES listing, there is still demand for these luxury items. Within India, shawls are worth $1,000-$5,000, internationally the price can reach as high as $20,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwf.panda.org/knowledge_hub/endangered_species/tibetan_antelope/|title=Tibetan antelope|publisher=WWF|accessdate=2017-10-10}}</ref>.
==Classification==
The Tibetan antelope is the [[monotypic|sole species]] in the [[genus]] '''''Pantholops''''', named after the Greek for "all antelope". It was formerly classified in the [[Antilopinae]] subfamily, but morphological and molecular evidence led to it being placed in its own [[Scientific classification|subfamily]], '''Pantholopinae''', closely allied to [[goat-antelope]]s of the subfamily Caprinae.<ref name=Gatsey1997>{{cite journal | author = Gatsey, J.| year = 1997 | title = A cladistic analysis of mitochondrial ribosomal DNA from the Bovidae | journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = 303–319 | doi = 10.1006/mpev.1997.0402|display-authors=etal}}</ref> However, this has been disputed,<ref name=Lei2003>{{cite journal | author = Lei, R.| year = 2003 | title = Phylogenetic relationships of Chinese antelopes (subfamily Antilopinae) based on mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene sequences | journal = Journal of Zoology | volume = 261 | issue = 3 | pages = 227–237 | doi = 10.1017/S0952836903004163|display-authors=etal}}</ref> and some authors consider the Tibetan antelope to be a true member of the Caprinae.<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3_Artiodactyla |id = 14200851}}</ref>
Although the genus ''Pantholops'' is currently monotypic, a fossil species, ''P. hundesiensis'', is known from the [[Pleistocene]] of Tibet. It was slightly smaller than the living species, with a narrower skull.<ref name=Ruan2005>{{cite journal | author = Ruan, X.D.| year = 2005 | title = Evolutionary history and current population relationships of the chiru (''Pantholops hodgsonii'') inferred from mtDNA variation | journal = Journal of Mammalogy | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 881–886 | doi = 10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[881:EHACPR]2.0.CO;2|display-authors=etal}}</ref> In addition, the fossil genus ''Qurliqnoria'', from the [[Miocene]] of China, is thought to be an early member of the Pantholopinae,<ref name=Gentry1992>{{cite journal | author = Gentry, A.W. | year = 1992 | title = The subfamilies and tribes of the family Bovidae | journal = Mammal Review | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–32 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2907.1992.tb00116.x}}</ref> which diverged from the goat-antelopes around this time.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
==Description==
[[File:Atilope du Tibet.png|thumb|Tibetan antelope in the [[Changtang Nature Reserve]]|226x226px]]
The Tibetan antelope is a medium-sized antelope, with a shoulder height of about {{convert|83|cm|abbr=on}} in males, and {{convert|74|cm|abbr=on}} in females. Males are significantly larger than females, weighing about {{convert|39|kg|abbr=on}}, compared with {{convert|26|kg|abbr=on}}, and can also be readily distinguished by the presence of horns and by black stripes on the legs, both of which the females lack. The [[coat (animal)|coat]] is pale fawn to reddish-brown, with a whitish belly, and is particularly thick and woolly. The face is almost black in colour, with prominent nasal swellings that have a paler colour in males. In general, the colouration of males becomes more intense during the annual [[rut (mammalian reproduction)|rut]], with the coat becoming much paler, almost white, contrasting with the darker patterns on the face and legs.<ref name=Leslie2008>{{cite journal |author1=Leslie, D.M. |author2=Schaller, G.B. |lastauthoramp=yes | year = 2008 | title = ''Pantholops hodgsonii'' (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) | journal = Mammalian Species | pages = Number 817: pp. 1–13 | doi = 10.1644/817.1|url=https://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1644/817.1}}</ref>
The males have long, curved-back horns that typically measure {{convert|54|to|60|cm|abbr=on}} in length. The horns are slender, with ring-like ridges on their lower portions and smooth, pointed, tips. Although the horns are relatively uniform in length, there is some variation in their exact shape, so the distance between the tips can be quite variable, ranging from {{convert|19|to|46|cm|abbr=on}}. Unlike [[Caprinae|caprines]], the horns do not grow throughout life. The ears are short and pointed, and the tail is also relatively short, at around {{convert|13|cm|abbr=on}} in length.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
The fur of Tibetan antelopes is distinctive, and consists of long [[guard hair]]s and a silky undercoat of shorter fibres. The individual guard hairs are thicker than those of other goats, with unusually thin walls, and have a unique pattern of cuticular scales, said to resemble the shape of a [[benzene]] ring.<ref name=Rollins1999>{{cite journal |author1=Rollins, C.K. |author2=Hall, D.M. |lastauthoramp=yes | year = 1999 | title = Using light and scanning electron microscopic methods to differentiate ibex goat and Tibetan antelope fibers | journal = Textile Research Journal | volume = 69 | issue = 11 | pages = 856–860 | doi = 10.1177/004051759906901109}}</ref>
==Distribution and habitat==
Endemic to the [[Tibetan Plateau]], the Tibetan antelope inhabits open [[Alpine tundra|alpine]] and cold [[steppe]] environments between {{convert|3250|and|5500|m|abbr=on}} elevation. They prefer flat, open terrain, with sparse vegetation cover. They are found almost entirely in [[China]], where they inhabit [[Tibet]], southern [[Xinjiang]], and western [[Qinghai]]; a few are also found across the border in [[Ladakh]], [[India]]. Today, the majority are found within the [[Chang Tang Nature Reserve]] of northern Tibet. The first specimens to be described, in 1826, were from [[Nepal]]; the species has apparently since been [[Local extinction|extirpated]] from the region.<ref name=iucn/> No subspecies are recognised. Zhuonai Lake (卓乃湖) in [[Hoh Xil]] is known as a calving ground for the Tibetan antelope.<ref>http://www.qhnews.com/kkxl/system/2011/07/13/010410737.shtml</ref>
==Behaviour==
[[File:Head detail, Chiru of Tibet (Pantholops hodgsonii) from the book entitled, The Great and Small Game of India, Burma, and Tibet (1900) (cropped).jpg|100px|thumb|Head details]]
Tibetan antelope feed on [[forb]]s, [[grass]]es, and [[sedge]]s, often digging through the snow to obtain food in winter. Their natural predators include [[wolf|wolves]], [[Eurasian lynx|lynx]], and [[snow leopard]]s, and [[red fox]]es are known to prey on young calves.<ref name=Leslie2008/><ref name=Lian2007>{{cite journal | author = Lian, X.| year = 2007 | title = Group size effects on foraging and vigilance in migratory Tibetan antelope | journal = Behavioural Processes | volume = 76 | issue = 3 | pages = 192–197 | doi = 10.1016/j.beproc.2007.05.001|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
Tibetan antelope are gregarious, sometimes congregating in herds hundreds strong when moving between summer and winter pastures, although they are more usually found in much smaller groups, with no more than 20 individuals.<ref name=Leslie2008/> The females migrate up to {{convert|300|km|mi|abbr=on}} yearly to calving grounds in the summer, where they usually give birth to a single calf, and rejoin the males at the wintering grounds in late autumn.<ref>{{cite book|author=Schaller, G.B.|year=1998|title=Wildlife of the Tibetan Steppe|publisher=The University of Chicago Press|pages=373|isbn=}}</ref>
==Reproduction==
The [[rut (mammalian reproduction)|rutting]] season lasts from November to December. Males form harems of up to 12 females, although one to four is more common, and drive off other males primarily by making displays or chasing them with head down, rather than sparring directly with their horns. Courtship and mating are both brief, without most of the behaviour typically seen in other antelope species, although males do commonly skim the thighs of females with a kick of their fore legs.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
Mothers give birth to a single calf in June or July, after a [[gestation]] period of about six months. The calves are [[precocial]], being able to stand within 15 minutes of birth. They are fully grown within 15 months, and reach sexual maturity during their second or third year. Although females may remain with their mothers until they themselves give birth, males leave within 12 months, by which time their horns are beginning to grow. Males determine status by their relative horn length, with the maximum length being achieved at around three and a half years of age.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
Although the lifespan of Tibetan antelopes is not known with certainty, since so few have been kept in captivity,<ref name=Su2003>{{cite journal | author = Su, J. | year = 2003 | title = AILING: the first domesticated Tibetan antelope | journal = Acta Theriologica Sinica | volume = 23 | issue = 1 | url = http://english.mammal.cn/Magazine/show.aspx?id=1228 | pages = 83–84 | display-authors = etal | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://archive.is/20130116084116/http://english.mammal.cn/Magazine/show.aspx?id=1228 | archivedate = 2013-01-16 }}</ref> it is probably around 10 years.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
==Conservation==
[[Image:ShahtooshShawl-USFWS-2.jpg|thumb|left|The antelope are killed for their wool, which is woven into the luxury fabric ''shahtoosh'', threatening the species’ survival.]]
Since 1979, Tibetan antelope has had legal protection under the [[Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species|Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)]]. Killing, harming or trading in the animal is illegal worldwide, as more than 160 countries are CITES signatories.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2004/jun/18/20040618-102454-3729r/|title=Kashmir rethinks shahtoosh ban|publisher=Washington Times|date=2004-06-18}}</ref> It also used to be listed as Endangered by the [[World Conservation Union]] and the [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service]] due to commercial poaching for their underwool, competition with local domesticated herds, and the development of their rangeland for gold mining. Tibetan antelopes' underfur (down hair), being extremely soft, fine and warm, is known as ''[[shahtoosh]]'' and has traditionally been woven by craftsmen and women in [[Kashmir]] into shawls in high demand in India as girls' dowry and in Europe as a symbol of wealth and status. Such demands resulted in massive illegal poaching in the second half of the 20th century. In consequence, the population of this species has suffered a severe decline from nearly a million (estimated) at the turn of the 20th century to less than 75,000 in the 1990s.<ref name=iucn/> Although formerly affected by poaching, it is now among the best safeguarded wildlife in the Tibetan Plateau, thanks to effective conservation efforts by the Chinese government since late 1990s.<ref name="Buho Jiang Liu Yoshida 2011 pp. 43–48">{{cite journal | last=Buho | first=Hoshino | last2=Jiang | first2=Z. | last3=Liu | first3=C. | last4=Yoshida | first4=T. | last5=Mahamut | first5=Halik | last6=Kaneko | first6=M. | last7=Asakawa | first7=M. | last8=Motokawa | first8=M. | last9=Kaji | first9=K. | last10=Wu | first10=X. | last11=Otaishi | first11=N. | last12=Ganzorig | first12=Sumiya | last13=Masuda | first13=R. | title=Preliminary study on migration pattern of the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) based on satellite tracking | journal=Advances in Space Research | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=48 | issue=1 | year=2011 | issn=0273-1177 | doi=10.1016/j.asr.2011.02.015 | pages=43–48}}</ref> A 2009 assessment estimated an increased population of 150,000.<ref name=iucn/> The struggle to stop illegal antelope hunting was portrayed in the 2004 film, ''[[Kekexili: Mountain Patrol]]''. In September 2016, Tibetan antelop has been reclassified on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red list from Endangered to Near Threatened due to the increased population.<ref name=iucn/>
To develop testing for ''shahtoosh'', a Hong Kong chemist and a senior forensic specialist looked at the material though a microscope. Using this method, they discovered ''shahtoosh'' contains coarser guard hairs unique to the species. By doing this, the duo had found a convenient way to prove this was poached material.{{citation needed|date=August 2012}}
In July 2006, the Chinese government inaugurated a new railway that bisects the chiru's feeding grounds on its way to [[Lhasa]], the [[Tibet]]an capital. In an effort to avoid harm to the animal, 33 special animal migration passages have been built beneath the railway. However, the railway will bring many more people, including potential poachers, closer to Tibetan antelope's breeding grounds and habitat.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}
On 22 February 2008, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' Online reported China's state-run news agency, [[Xinhua]], issued a public apology for publishing a [[Photo manipulation|doctored photograph]] of Tibetan antelope running near the Qinghai-Tibet railway. Liu Weiqing, a 41-year-old photographer, was identified as the author of the work. He had reportedly camped on the Tibetan plateau since March 2007, as part of a series by the ''Daqing Evening News'', to raise awareness regarding the Tibetan bovid. He was also under contract to provide images to Xinhua. He has since resigned from ''Daqing Evening News''.<ref>{{cite news | last =Spencer | first =Jane | title =China Eats Crow Over Faked Photo Of Rare Antelope | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB120363429707884255?mod=yhoofront | accessdate = 2008-02-26 | work=The Wall Street Journal | date=2008-02-22}}</ref> Despite the impression given by the faked photo, the antelope are getting used to the [[Qinghai-Tibet Railway]], according to a letter to ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'' on 17 April 2008, from researchers of the [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]].<ref>{{cite web | last = Yang | first = Qisen |author2=Lin Xia | title = Tibetan wildlife is getting used to the railway | publisher = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | date = 2008-04-17 | url = http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v452/n7189/full/452810c.html | accessdate = 2008-04-29}}</ref>
In the Karakoram regions of [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir|Pakistan-administered Kashmir]] it is listed as an endangered species.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}}
==See also==
{{Portal|Mammals}}
*[[List of endangered and protected species of China]]
*[[Fuwa|Yingying]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
* Ginsberg, J. R., G. B. Schaller, and J. Lowe. (1999). "Petition to list the Tibetan antelope (''Pantholops hodgsonii'') as an endangered species pursuant to the U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973." Wildlife Conservation Society and Tibetan Plateau Project.
*Rick Ridgeway, Conrad Anker, and Galen Rowell. (University of Michigan, National Geographic, 2005). ''The Big Open: On Foot Across Tibet's Chang Tang.'' {{ISBN|9780792238997}}
==External links==
{{Wikispecies|Pantholops hodgsonii}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927222620/http://www.newsmonster.co.uk/content/view/161/56/ Slaughtered in the Name of Fashion: UK newspaper article on Shahtoosh]
*ARKive - [https://web.archive.org/web/20060506164310/http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Pantholops_hodgsonii/ images and movies of the Tibetan antelope (''Pantholops hodgsonii'')]
* [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Pantholops_hodgsonii.html Animal Diversity Web]
* [http://www.wildlifetrustofindia.org/ Wildlife Trust of India |Save The Chiru]
* [http://www.worldwildlife.org/what/globalmarkets/wildlifetrade/buyersbeware-antelope.html WWF:Wildlife Trade - Tibetan Antelope (Chiru)]
* [http://www.fws.gov/policy/library/03-25207.pdf United States Federal Register. (Oct. 6, 2003)]
* [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,25689-2263039,00.html ''Antelope leap to safety through rail underpass''] [[The Times]], 10-Jul-2006
{{Artiodactyla|R.2}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q272293}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:antelope, Tibetan}}
[[Category:True antelopes|Tibetan antelope]]
[[Category:Antelopes of Asia|Tibetan antelope]]
[[Category:Fauna of Tibet]]
[[Category:Mammals described in 1826|Tibetan antelope]]
[[Category:Mammals of China]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext ) | 'i like to poo i like to eat it too
==External links==
{{Wikispecies|Pantholops hodgsonii}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927222620/http://www.newsmonster.co.uk/content/view/161/56/ Slaughtered in the Name of Fashion: UK newspaper article on Shahtoosh]
*ARKive - [https://web.archive.org/web/20060506164310/http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Pantholops_hodgsonii/ images and movies of the Tibetan antelope (''Pantholops hodgsonii'')]
* [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Pantholops_hodgsonii.html Animal Diversity Web]
* [http://www.wildlifetrustofindia.org/ Wildlife Trust of India |Save The Chiru]
* [http://www.worldwildlife.org/what/globalmarkets/wildlifetrade/buyersbeware-antelope.html WWF:Wildlife Trade - Tibetan Antelope (Chiru)]
* [http://www.fws.gov/policy/library/03-25207.pdf United States Federal Register. (Oct. 6, 2003)]
* [http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,25689-2263039,00.html ''Antelope leap to safety through rail underpass''] [[The Times]], 10-Jul-2006
{{Artiodactyla|R.2}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q272293}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:antelope, Tibetan}}
[[Category:True antelopes|Tibetan antelope]]
[[Category:Antelopes of Asia|Tibetan antelope]]
[[Category:Fauna of Tibet]]
[[Category:Mammals described in 1826|Tibetan antelope]]
[[Category:Mammals of China]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff ) | '@@ -1,74 +1,3 @@
-{{short description|Species of mammal}}
-{{distinguish|text=the [[Tibetan gazelle]] or goa, a true antelope}}
-{{redirect|Chiru|the Indian actor|Chiranjeevi|the village in Iran|Chiru, Iran|the 2010 film|Chiru (film)}}
-{{Speciesbox
-| name = Tibetan antelope
-| image = The book of antelopes (1894) Pantholops hodgsoni.png
-| image_alt = Pantholops hodgsonii
-| image_caption =
-| status = NT
-| status_system = IUCN3.1
-| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite journal | authors = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group| title = ''Pantholops hodgsonii'' | journal = [[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] | volume= 2016| page = e.T15967A50192544 | publisher = [[IUCN]] | year = 2016| url = https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15967A50192544.en| accessdate = 14 March 2019 }}</ref>
-| genus = Pantholops
-| parent_authority = [[Brian Houghton Hodgson|Hodgson]], 1834<ref>[[Brian Houghton Hodgson|Hodgson B.]] (1834). ''[[Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London]]'' '''2''': [https://archive.org/stream/proceedingsofgen34zool#page/n91/mode/2up page 81].</ref>
-| species = hodgsonii
-| authority = ([[Clarke Abel|Abel]], 1826)
-| range_map = Pantholops hodgsonii distribution.png
-}}
-
-The '''Tibetan antelope''' or '''chiru''' (''Pantholops hodgsonii'')<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Chiru|volume=6|page=247}}</ref> ({{bo|t=གཙོད་|w=gtsod|lang=y}}, pronounced {{IPA-bo|tsǿ|}}; {{zh|c=藏羚羊|p=zànglíngyáng}}<ref>"【藏羚羊】 zànglíngyáng" [[A Dictionary of Current Chinese]] Ed. 7 2016 pg 1633</ref>) is a medium-sized [[bovid]] native to the [[Tibetan plateau]]. Fewer than 150,000 mature individuals are left in the wild, but the population is currently thought to be increasing.<ref name=iucn/> In 1980s and 1990s, they had become endangered due to massive illegal [[poaching]]. They are hunted for their extremely soft, light and warm underfur which is usually obtained after death. This underfur, known as ''[[shahtoosh]]'' (a Persian word meaning "king of fine wools"), is used to weave luxury shawls. Shahtoosh shawls were traditionally given as wedding gifts in India and it takes the underfur of 3-5 adult antelopes to make one shawl. Despite strict controls on trade of shahtoosh products and CITES listing, there is still demand for these luxury items. Within India, shawls are worth $1,000-$5,000, internationally the price can reach as high as $20,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwf.panda.org/knowledge_hub/endangered_species/tibetan_antelope/|title=Tibetan antelope|publisher=WWF|accessdate=2017-10-10}}</ref>.
-
-==Classification==
-The Tibetan antelope is the [[monotypic|sole species]] in the [[genus]] '''''Pantholops''''', named after the Greek for "all antelope". It was formerly classified in the [[Antilopinae]] subfamily, but morphological and molecular evidence led to it being placed in its own [[Scientific classification|subfamily]], '''Pantholopinae''', closely allied to [[goat-antelope]]s of the subfamily Caprinae.<ref name=Gatsey1997>{{cite journal | author = Gatsey, J.| year = 1997 | title = A cladistic analysis of mitochondrial ribosomal DNA from the Bovidae | journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = 303–319 | doi = 10.1006/mpev.1997.0402|display-authors=etal}}</ref> However, this has been disputed,<ref name=Lei2003>{{cite journal | author = Lei, R.| year = 2003 | title = Phylogenetic relationships of Chinese antelopes (subfamily Antilopinae) based on mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene sequences | journal = Journal of Zoology | volume = 261 | issue = 3 | pages = 227–237 | doi = 10.1017/S0952836903004163|display-authors=etal}}</ref> and some authors consider the Tibetan antelope to be a true member of the Caprinae.<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3_Artiodactyla |id = 14200851}}</ref>
-
-Although the genus ''Pantholops'' is currently monotypic, a fossil species, ''P. hundesiensis'', is known from the [[Pleistocene]] of Tibet. It was slightly smaller than the living species, with a narrower skull.<ref name=Ruan2005>{{cite journal | author = Ruan, X.D.| year = 2005 | title = Evolutionary history and current population relationships of the chiru (''Pantholops hodgsonii'') inferred from mtDNA variation | journal = Journal of Mammalogy | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 881–886 | doi = 10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[881:EHACPR]2.0.CO;2|display-authors=etal}}</ref> In addition, the fossil genus ''Qurliqnoria'', from the [[Miocene]] of China, is thought to be an early member of the Pantholopinae,<ref name=Gentry1992>{{cite journal | author = Gentry, A.W. | year = 1992 | title = The subfamilies and tribes of the family Bovidae | journal = Mammal Review | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–32 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2907.1992.tb00116.x}}</ref> which diverged from the goat-antelopes around this time.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
-
-==Description==
-[[File:Atilope du Tibet.png|thumb|Tibetan antelope in the [[Changtang Nature Reserve]]|226x226px]]
-The Tibetan antelope is a medium-sized antelope, with a shoulder height of about {{convert|83|cm|abbr=on}} in males, and {{convert|74|cm|abbr=on}} in females. Males are significantly larger than females, weighing about {{convert|39|kg|abbr=on}}, compared with {{convert|26|kg|abbr=on}}, and can also be readily distinguished by the presence of horns and by black stripes on the legs, both of which the females lack. The [[coat (animal)|coat]] is pale fawn to reddish-brown, with a whitish belly, and is particularly thick and woolly. The face is almost black in colour, with prominent nasal swellings that have a paler colour in males. In general, the colouration of males becomes more intense during the annual [[rut (mammalian reproduction)|rut]], with the coat becoming much paler, almost white, contrasting with the darker patterns on the face and legs.<ref name=Leslie2008>{{cite journal |author1=Leslie, D.M. |author2=Schaller, G.B. |lastauthoramp=yes | year = 2008 | title = ''Pantholops hodgsonii'' (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) | journal = Mammalian Species | pages = Number 817: pp. 1–13 | doi = 10.1644/817.1|url=https://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1644/817.1}}</ref>
-
-The males have long, curved-back horns that typically measure {{convert|54|to|60|cm|abbr=on}} in length. The horns are slender, with ring-like ridges on their lower portions and smooth, pointed, tips. Although the horns are relatively uniform in length, there is some variation in their exact shape, so the distance between the tips can be quite variable, ranging from {{convert|19|to|46|cm|abbr=on}}. Unlike [[Caprinae|caprines]], the horns do not grow throughout life. The ears are short and pointed, and the tail is also relatively short, at around {{convert|13|cm|abbr=on}} in length.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
-
-The fur of Tibetan antelopes is distinctive, and consists of long [[guard hair]]s and a silky undercoat of shorter fibres. The individual guard hairs are thicker than those of other goats, with unusually thin walls, and have a unique pattern of cuticular scales, said to resemble the shape of a [[benzene]] ring.<ref name=Rollins1999>{{cite journal |author1=Rollins, C.K. |author2=Hall, D.M. |lastauthoramp=yes | year = 1999 | title = Using light and scanning electron microscopic methods to differentiate ibex goat and Tibetan antelope fibers | journal = Textile Research Journal | volume = 69 | issue = 11 | pages = 856–860 | doi = 10.1177/004051759906901109}}</ref>
-
-==Distribution and habitat==
-Endemic to the [[Tibetan Plateau]], the Tibetan antelope inhabits open [[Alpine tundra|alpine]] and cold [[steppe]] environments between {{convert|3250|and|5500|m|abbr=on}} elevation. They prefer flat, open terrain, with sparse vegetation cover. They are found almost entirely in [[China]], where they inhabit [[Tibet]], southern [[Xinjiang]], and western [[Qinghai]]; a few are also found across the border in [[Ladakh]], [[India]]. Today, the majority are found within the [[Chang Tang Nature Reserve]] of northern Tibet. The first specimens to be described, in 1826, were from [[Nepal]]; the species has apparently since been [[Local extinction|extirpated]] from the region.<ref name=iucn/> No subspecies are recognised. Zhuonai Lake (卓乃湖) in [[Hoh Xil]] is known as a calving ground for the Tibetan antelope.<ref>http://www.qhnews.com/kkxl/system/2011/07/13/010410737.shtml</ref>
-
-==Behaviour==
-[[File:Head detail, Chiru of Tibet (Pantholops hodgsonii) from the book entitled, The Great and Small Game of India, Burma, and Tibet (1900) (cropped).jpg|100px|thumb|Head details]]
-Tibetan antelope feed on [[forb]]s, [[grass]]es, and [[sedge]]s, often digging through the snow to obtain food in winter. Their natural predators include [[wolf|wolves]], [[Eurasian lynx|lynx]], and [[snow leopard]]s, and [[red fox]]es are known to prey on young calves.<ref name=Leslie2008/><ref name=Lian2007>{{cite journal | author = Lian, X.| year = 2007 | title = Group size effects on foraging and vigilance in migratory Tibetan antelope | journal = Behavioural Processes | volume = 76 | issue = 3 | pages = 192–197 | doi = 10.1016/j.beproc.2007.05.001|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
-
-Tibetan antelope are gregarious, sometimes congregating in herds hundreds strong when moving between summer and winter pastures, although they are more usually found in much smaller groups, with no more than 20 individuals.<ref name=Leslie2008/> The females migrate up to {{convert|300|km|mi|abbr=on}} yearly to calving grounds in the summer, where they usually give birth to a single calf, and rejoin the males at the wintering grounds in late autumn.<ref>{{cite book|author=Schaller, G.B.|year=1998|title=Wildlife of the Tibetan Steppe|publisher=The University of Chicago Press|pages=373|isbn=}}</ref>
-
-==Reproduction==
-The [[rut (mammalian reproduction)|rutting]] season lasts from November to December. Males form harems of up to 12 females, although one to four is more common, and drive off other males primarily by making displays or chasing them with head down, rather than sparring directly with their horns. Courtship and mating are both brief, without most of the behaviour typically seen in other antelope species, although males do commonly skim the thighs of females with a kick of their fore legs.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
-
-Mothers give birth to a single calf in June or July, after a [[gestation]] period of about six months. The calves are [[precocial]], being able to stand within 15 minutes of birth. They are fully grown within 15 months, and reach sexual maturity during their second or third year. Although females may remain with their mothers until they themselves give birth, males leave within 12 months, by which time their horns are beginning to grow. Males determine status by their relative horn length, with the maximum length being achieved at around three and a half years of age.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
-
-Although the lifespan of Tibetan antelopes is not known with certainty, since so few have been kept in captivity,<ref name=Su2003>{{cite journal | author = Su, J. | year = 2003 | title = AILING: the first domesticated Tibetan antelope | journal = Acta Theriologica Sinica | volume = 23 | issue = 1 | url = http://english.mammal.cn/Magazine/show.aspx?id=1228 | pages = 83–84 | display-authors = etal | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://archive.is/20130116084116/http://english.mammal.cn/Magazine/show.aspx?id=1228 | archivedate = 2013-01-16 }}</ref> it is probably around 10 years.<ref name=Leslie2008/>
-
-==Conservation==
-[[Image:ShahtooshShawl-USFWS-2.jpg|thumb|left|The antelope are killed for their wool, which is woven into the luxury fabric ''shahtoosh'', threatening the species’ survival.]]
-Since 1979, Tibetan antelope has had legal protection under the [[Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species|Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)]]. Killing, harming or trading in the animal is illegal worldwide, as more than 160 countries are CITES signatories.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2004/jun/18/20040618-102454-3729r/|title=Kashmir rethinks shahtoosh ban|publisher=Washington Times|date=2004-06-18}}</ref> It also used to be listed as Endangered by the [[World Conservation Union]] and the [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service]] due to commercial poaching for their underwool, competition with local domesticated herds, and the development of their rangeland for gold mining. Tibetan antelopes' underfur (down hair), being extremely soft, fine and warm, is known as ''[[shahtoosh]]'' and has traditionally been woven by craftsmen and women in [[Kashmir]] into shawls in high demand in India as girls' dowry and in Europe as a symbol of wealth and status. Such demands resulted in massive illegal poaching in the second half of the 20th century. In consequence, the population of this species has suffered a severe decline from nearly a million (estimated) at the turn of the 20th century to less than 75,000 in the 1990s.<ref name=iucn/> Although formerly affected by poaching, it is now among the best safeguarded wildlife in the Tibetan Plateau, thanks to effective conservation efforts by the Chinese government since late 1990s.<ref name="Buho Jiang Liu Yoshida 2011 pp. 43–48">{{cite journal | last=Buho | first=Hoshino | last2=Jiang | first2=Z. | last3=Liu | first3=C. | last4=Yoshida | first4=T. | last5=Mahamut | first5=Halik | last6=Kaneko | first6=M. | last7=Asakawa | first7=M. | last8=Motokawa | first8=M. | last9=Kaji | first9=K. | last10=Wu | first10=X. | last11=Otaishi | first11=N. | last12=Ganzorig | first12=Sumiya | last13=Masuda | first13=R. | title=Preliminary study on migration pattern of the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) based on satellite tracking | journal=Advances in Space Research | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=48 | issue=1 | year=2011 | issn=0273-1177 | doi=10.1016/j.asr.2011.02.015 | pages=43–48}}</ref> A 2009 assessment estimated an increased population of 150,000.<ref name=iucn/> The struggle to stop illegal antelope hunting was portrayed in the 2004 film, ''[[Kekexili: Mountain Patrol]]''. In September 2016, Tibetan antelop has been reclassified on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red list from Endangered to Near Threatened due to the increased population.<ref name=iucn/>
-
-To develop testing for ''shahtoosh'', a Hong Kong chemist and a senior forensic specialist looked at the material though a microscope. Using this method, they discovered ''shahtoosh'' contains coarser guard hairs unique to the species. By doing this, the duo had found a convenient way to prove this was poached material.{{citation needed|date=August 2012}}
-
-In July 2006, the Chinese government inaugurated a new railway that bisects the chiru's feeding grounds on its way to [[Lhasa]], the [[Tibet]]an capital. In an effort to avoid harm to the animal, 33 special animal migration passages have been built beneath the railway. However, the railway will bring many more people, including potential poachers, closer to Tibetan antelope's breeding grounds and habitat.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}
-
-On 22 February 2008, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' Online reported China's state-run news agency, [[Xinhua]], issued a public apology for publishing a [[Photo manipulation|doctored photograph]] of Tibetan antelope running near the Qinghai-Tibet railway. Liu Weiqing, a 41-year-old photographer, was identified as the author of the work. He had reportedly camped on the Tibetan plateau since March 2007, as part of a series by the ''Daqing Evening News'', to raise awareness regarding the Tibetan bovid. He was also under contract to provide images to Xinhua. He has since resigned from ''Daqing Evening News''.<ref>{{cite news | last =Spencer | first =Jane | title =China Eats Crow Over Faked Photo Of Rare Antelope | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB120363429707884255?mod=yhoofront | accessdate = 2008-02-26 | work=The Wall Street Journal | date=2008-02-22}}</ref> Despite the impression given by the faked photo, the antelope are getting used to the [[Qinghai-Tibet Railway]], according to a letter to ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'' on 17 April 2008, from researchers of the [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]].<ref>{{cite web | last = Yang | first = Qisen |author2=Lin Xia | title = Tibetan wildlife is getting used to the railway | publisher = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | date = 2008-04-17 | url = http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v452/n7189/full/452810c.html | accessdate = 2008-04-29}}</ref>
-
-In the Karakoram regions of [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir|Pakistan-administered Kashmir]] it is listed as an endangered species.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}}
-
-==See also==
-{{Portal|Mammals}}
-*[[List of endangered and protected species of China]]
-*[[Fuwa|Yingying]]
-
-==References==
-{{Reflist}}
-
-==Further reading==
-* Ginsberg, J. R., G. B. Schaller, and J. Lowe. (1999). "Petition to list the Tibetan antelope (''Pantholops hodgsonii'') as an endangered species pursuant to the U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973." Wildlife Conservation Society and Tibetan Plateau Project.
-*Rick Ridgeway, Conrad Anker, and Galen Rowell. (University of Michigan, National Geographic, 2005). ''The Big Open: On Foot Across Tibet's Chang Tang.'' {{ISBN|9780792238997}}
+i like to poo i like to eat it too
==External links==
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0 => '{{short description|Species of mammal}}',
1 => '{{distinguish|text=the [[Tibetan gazelle]] or goa, a true antelope}}',
2 => '{{redirect|Chiru|the Indian actor|Chiranjeevi|the village in Iran|Chiru, Iran|the 2010 film|Chiru (film)}}',
3 => '{{Speciesbox',
4 => '| name = Tibetan antelope',
5 => '| image = The book of antelopes (1894) Pantholops hodgsoni.png',
6 => '| image_alt = Pantholops hodgsonii',
7 => '| image_caption = ',
8 => '| status = NT',
9 => '| status_system = IUCN3.1',
10 => '| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite journal | authors = IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group| title = ''Pantholops hodgsonii'' | journal = [[IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] | volume= 2016| page = e.T15967A50192544 | publisher = [[IUCN]] | year = 2016| url = https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T15967A50192544.en| accessdate = 14 March 2019 }}</ref>',
11 => '| genus = Pantholops',
12 => '| parent_authority = [[Brian Houghton Hodgson|Hodgson]], 1834<ref>[[Brian Houghton Hodgson|Hodgson B.]] (1834). ''[[Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London]]'' '''2''': [https://archive.org/stream/proceedingsofgen34zool#page/n91/mode/2up page 81].</ref>',
13 => '| species = hodgsonii',
14 => '| authority = ([[Clarke Abel|Abel]], 1826)',
15 => '| range_map = Pantholops hodgsonii distribution.png',
16 => '}}',
17 => '',
18 => 'The '''Tibetan antelope''' or '''chiru''' (''Pantholops hodgsonii'')<ref>{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Chiru|volume=6|page=247}}</ref> ({{bo|t=གཙོད་|w=gtsod|lang=y}}, pronounced {{IPA-bo|tsǿ|}}; {{zh|c=藏羚羊|p=zànglíngyáng}}<ref>"【藏羚羊】 zànglíngyáng" [[A Dictionary of Current Chinese]] Ed. 7 2016 pg 1633</ref>) is a medium-sized [[bovid]] native to the [[Tibetan plateau]]. Fewer than 150,000 mature individuals are left in the wild, but the population is currently thought to be increasing.<ref name=iucn/> In 1980s and 1990s, they had become endangered due to massive illegal [[poaching]]. They are hunted for their extremely soft, light and warm underfur which is usually obtained after death. This underfur, known as ''[[shahtoosh]]'' (a Persian word meaning "king of fine wools"), is used to weave luxury shawls. Shahtoosh shawls were traditionally given as wedding gifts in India and it takes the underfur of 3-5 adult antelopes to make one shawl. Despite strict controls on trade of shahtoosh products and CITES listing, there is still demand for these luxury items. Within India, shawls are worth $1,000-$5,000, internationally the price can reach as high as $20,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://wwf.panda.org/knowledge_hub/endangered_species/tibetan_antelope/|title=Tibetan antelope|publisher=WWF|accessdate=2017-10-10}}</ref>.',
19 => '',
20 => '==Classification==',
21 => 'The Tibetan antelope is the [[monotypic|sole species]] in the [[genus]] '''''Pantholops''''', named after the Greek for "all antelope". It was formerly classified in the [[Antilopinae]] subfamily, but morphological and molecular evidence led to it being placed in its own [[Scientific classification|subfamily]], '''Pantholopinae''', closely allied to [[goat-antelope]]s of the subfamily Caprinae.<ref name=Gatsey1997>{{cite journal | author = Gatsey, J.| year = 1997 | title = A cladistic analysis of mitochondrial ribosomal DNA from the Bovidae | journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume = 7 | issue = 3 | pages = 303–319 | doi = 10.1006/mpev.1997.0402|display-authors=etal}}</ref> However, this has been disputed,<ref name=Lei2003>{{cite journal | author = Lei, R.| year = 2003 | title = Phylogenetic relationships of Chinese antelopes (subfamily Antilopinae) based on mitochondrial ribosomal RNA gene sequences | journal = Journal of Zoology | volume = 261 | issue = 3 | pages = 227–237 | doi = 10.1017/S0952836903004163|display-authors=etal}}</ref> and some authors consider the Tibetan antelope to be a true member of the Caprinae.<ref name=msw3>{{MSW3_Artiodactyla |id = 14200851}}</ref>',
22 => '',
23 => 'Although the genus ''Pantholops'' is currently monotypic, a fossil species, ''P. hundesiensis'', is known from the [[Pleistocene]] of Tibet. It was slightly smaller than the living species, with a narrower skull.<ref name=Ruan2005>{{cite journal | author = Ruan, X.D.| year = 2005 | title = Evolutionary history and current population relationships of the chiru (''Pantholops hodgsonii'') inferred from mtDNA variation | journal = Journal of Mammalogy | volume = 86 | issue = 5 | pages = 881–886 | doi = 10.1644/1545-1542(2005)86[881:EHACPR]2.0.CO;2|display-authors=etal}}</ref> In addition, the fossil genus ''Qurliqnoria'', from the [[Miocene]] of China, is thought to be an early member of the Pantholopinae,<ref name=Gentry1992>{{cite journal | author = Gentry, A.W. | year = 1992 | title = The subfamilies and tribes of the family Bovidae | journal = Mammal Review | volume = 22 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–32 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2907.1992.tb00116.x}}</ref> which diverged from the goat-antelopes around this time.<ref name=Leslie2008/>',
24 => '',
25 => '==Description==',
26 => '[[File:Atilope du Tibet.png|thumb|Tibetan antelope in the [[Changtang Nature Reserve]]|226x226px]]',
27 => 'The Tibetan antelope is a medium-sized antelope, with a shoulder height of about {{convert|83|cm|abbr=on}} in males, and {{convert|74|cm|abbr=on}} in females. Males are significantly larger than females, weighing about {{convert|39|kg|abbr=on}}, compared with {{convert|26|kg|abbr=on}}, and can also be readily distinguished by the presence of horns and by black stripes on the legs, both of which the females lack. The [[coat (animal)|coat]] is pale fawn to reddish-brown, with a whitish belly, and is particularly thick and woolly. The face is almost black in colour, with prominent nasal swellings that have a paler colour in males. In general, the colouration of males becomes more intense during the annual [[rut (mammalian reproduction)|rut]], with the coat becoming much paler, almost white, contrasting with the darker patterns on the face and legs.<ref name=Leslie2008>{{cite journal |author1=Leslie, D.M. |author2=Schaller, G.B. |lastauthoramp=yes | year = 2008 | title = ''Pantholops hodgsonii'' (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) | journal = Mammalian Species | pages = Number 817: pp. 1–13 | doi = 10.1644/817.1|url=https://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1644/817.1}}</ref>',
28 => '',
29 => 'The males have long, curved-back horns that typically measure {{convert|54|to|60|cm|abbr=on}} in length. The horns are slender, with ring-like ridges on their lower portions and smooth, pointed, tips. Although the horns are relatively uniform in length, there is some variation in their exact shape, so the distance between the tips can be quite variable, ranging from {{convert|19|to|46|cm|abbr=on}}. Unlike [[Caprinae|caprines]], the horns do not grow throughout life. The ears are short and pointed, and the tail is also relatively short, at around {{convert|13|cm|abbr=on}} in length.<ref name=Leslie2008/>',
30 => '',
31 => 'The fur of Tibetan antelopes is distinctive, and consists of long [[guard hair]]s and a silky undercoat of shorter fibres. The individual guard hairs are thicker than those of other goats, with unusually thin walls, and have a unique pattern of cuticular scales, said to resemble the shape of a [[benzene]] ring.<ref name=Rollins1999>{{cite journal |author1=Rollins, C.K. |author2=Hall, D.M. |lastauthoramp=yes | year = 1999 | title = Using light and scanning electron microscopic methods to differentiate ibex goat and Tibetan antelope fibers | journal = Textile Research Journal | volume = 69 | issue = 11 | pages = 856–860 | doi = 10.1177/004051759906901109}}</ref>',
32 => '',
33 => '==Distribution and habitat==',
34 => 'Endemic to the [[Tibetan Plateau]], the Tibetan antelope inhabits open [[Alpine tundra|alpine]] and cold [[steppe]] environments between {{convert|3250|and|5500|m|abbr=on}} elevation. They prefer flat, open terrain, with sparse vegetation cover. They are found almost entirely in [[China]], where they inhabit [[Tibet]], southern [[Xinjiang]], and western [[Qinghai]]; a few are also found across the border in [[Ladakh]], [[India]]. Today, the majority are found within the [[Chang Tang Nature Reserve]] of northern Tibet. The first specimens to be described, in 1826, were from [[Nepal]]; the species has apparently since been [[Local extinction|extirpated]] from the region.<ref name=iucn/> No subspecies are recognised. Zhuonai Lake (卓乃湖) in [[Hoh Xil]] is known as a calving ground for the Tibetan antelope.<ref>http://www.qhnews.com/kkxl/system/2011/07/13/010410737.shtml</ref>',
35 => '',
36 => '==Behaviour==',
37 => '[[File:Head detail, Chiru of Tibet (Pantholops hodgsonii) from the book entitled, The Great and Small Game of India, Burma, and Tibet (1900) (cropped).jpg|100px|thumb|Head details]]',
38 => 'Tibetan antelope feed on [[forb]]s, [[grass]]es, and [[sedge]]s, often digging through the snow to obtain food in winter. Their natural predators include [[wolf|wolves]], [[Eurasian lynx|lynx]], and [[snow leopard]]s, and [[red fox]]es are known to prey on young calves.<ref name=Leslie2008/><ref name=Lian2007>{{cite journal | author = Lian, X.| year = 2007 | title = Group size effects on foraging and vigilance in migratory Tibetan antelope | journal = Behavioural Processes | volume = 76 | issue = 3 | pages = 192–197 | doi = 10.1016/j.beproc.2007.05.001|display-authors=etal}}</ref>',
39 => '',
40 => 'Tibetan antelope are gregarious, sometimes congregating in herds hundreds strong when moving between summer and winter pastures, although they are more usually found in much smaller groups, with no more than 20 individuals.<ref name=Leslie2008/> The females migrate up to {{convert|300|km|mi|abbr=on}} yearly to calving grounds in the summer, where they usually give birth to a single calf, and rejoin the males at the wintering grounds in late autumn.<ref>{{cite book|author=Schaller, G.B.|year=1998|title=Wildlife of the Tibetan Steppe|publisher=The University of Chicago Press|pages=373|isbn=}}</ref>',
41 => '',
42 => '==Reproduction==',
43 => 'The [[rut (mammalian reproduction)|rutting]] season lasts from November to December. Males form harems of up to 12 females, although one to four is more common, and drive off other males primarily by making displays or chasing them with head down, rather than sparring directly with their horns. Courtship and mating are both brief, without most of the behaviour typically seen in other antelope species, although males do commonly skim the thighs of females with a kick of their fore legs.<ref name=Leslie2008/>',
44 => '',
45 => 'Mothers give birth to a single calf in June or July, after a [[gestation]] period of about six months. The calves are [[precocial]], being able to stand within 15 minutes of birth. They are fully grown within 15 months, and reach sexual maturity during their second or third year. Although females may remain with their mothers until they themselves give birth, males leave within 12 months, by which time their horns are beginning to grow. Males determine status by their relative horn length, with the maximum length being achieved at around three and a half years of age.<ref name=Leslie2008/>',
46 => '',
47 => 'Although the lifespan of Tibetan antelopes is not known with certainty, since so few have been kept in captivity,<ref name=Su2003>{{cite journal | author = Su, J. | year = 2003 | title = AILING: the first domesticated Tibetan antelope | journal = Acta Theriologica Sinica | volume = 23 | issue = 1 | url = http://english.mammal.cn/Magazine/show.aspx?id=1228 | pages = 83–84 | display-authors = etal | url-status = dead | archiveurl = https://archive.is/20130116084116/http://english.mammal.cn/Magazine/show.aspx?id=1228 | archivedate = 2013-01-16 }}</ref> it is probably around 10 years.<ref name=Leslie2008/>',
48 => '',
49 => '==Conservation==',
50 => '[[Image:ShahtooshShawl-USFWS-2.jpg|thumb|left|The antelope are killed for their wool, which is woven into the luxury fabric ''shahtoosh'', threatening the species’ survival.]]',
51 => 'Since 1979, Tibetan antelope has had legal protection under the [[Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species|Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES)]]. Killing, harming or trading in the animal is illegal worldwide, as more than 160 countries are CITES signatories.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2004/jun/18/20040618-102454-3729r/|title=Kashmir rethinks shahtoosh ban|publisher=Washington Times|date=2004-06-18}}</ref> It also used to be listed as Endangered by the [[World Conservation Union]] and the [[United States Fish and Wildlife Service]] due to commercial poaching for their underwool, competition with local domesticated herds, and the development of their rangeland for gold mining. Tibetan antelopes' underfur (down hair), being extremely soft, fine and warm, is known as ''[[shahtoosh]]'' and has traditionally been woven by craftsmen and women in [[Kashmir]] into shawls in high demand in India as girls' dowry and in Europe as a symbol of wealth and status. Such demands resulted in massive illegal poaching in the second half of the 20th century. In consequence, the population of this species has suffered a severe decline from nearly a million (estimated) at the turn of the 20th century to less than 75,000 in the 1990s.<ref name=iucn/> Although formerly affected by poaching, it is now among the best safeguarded wildlife in the Tibetan Plateau, thanks to effective conservation efforts by the Chinese government since late 1990s.<ref name="Buho Jiang Liu Yoshida 2011 pp. 43–48">{{cite journal | last=Buho | first=Hoshino | last2=Jiang | first2=Z. | last3=Liu | first3=C. | last4=Yoshida | first4=T. | last5=Mahamut | first5=Halik | last6=Kaneko | first6=M. | last7=Asakawa | first7=M. | last8=Motokawa | first8=M. | last9=Kaji | first9=K. | last10=Wu | first10=X. | last11=Otaishi | first11=N. | last12=Ganzorig | first12=Sumiya | last13=Masuda | first13=R. | title=Preliminary study on migration pattern of the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii) based on satellite tracking | journal=Advances in Space Research | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=48 | issue=1 | year=2011 | issn=0273-1177 | doi=10.1016/j.asr.2011.02.015 | pages=43–48}}</ref> A 2009 assessment estimated an increased population of 150,000.<ref name=iucn/> The struggle to stop illegal antelope hunting was portrayed in the 2004 film, ''[[Kekexili: Mountain Patrol]]''. In September 2016, Tibetan antelop has been reclassified on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red list from Endangered to Near Threatened due to the increased population.<ref name=iucn/>',
52 => '',
53 => 'To develop testing for ''shahtoosh'', a Hong Kong chemist and a senior forensic specialist looked at the material though a microscope. Using this method, they discovered ''shahtoosh'' contains coarser guard hairs unique to the species. By doing this, the duo had found a convenient way to prove this was poached material.{{citation needed|date=August 2012}}',
54 => '',
55 => 'In July 2006, the Chinese government inaugurated a new railway that bisects the chiru's feeding grounds on its way to [[Lhasa]], the [[Tibet]]an capital. In an effort to avoid harm to the animal, 33 special animal migration passages have been built beneath the railway. However, the railway will bring many more people, including potential poachers, closer to Tibetan antelope's breeding grounds and habitat.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}',
56 => '',
57 => 'On 22 February 2008, ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' Online reported China's state-run news agency, [[Xinhua]], issued a public apology for publishing a [[Photo manipulation|doctored photograph]] of Tibetan antelope running near the Qinghai-Tibet railway. Liu Weiqing, a 41-year-old photographer, was identified as the author of the work. He had reportedly camped on the Tibetan plateau since March 2007, as part of a series by the ''Daqing Evening News'', to raise awareness regarding the Tibetan bovid. He was also under contract to provide images to Xinhua. He has since resigned from ''Daqing Evening News''.<ref>{{cite news | last =Spencer | first =Jane | title =China Eats Crow Over Faked Photo Of Rare Antelope | url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB120363429707884255?mod=yhoofront | accessdate = 2008-02-26 | work=The Wall Street Journal | date=2008-02-22}}</ref> Despite the impression given by the faked photo, the antelope are getting used to the [[Qinghai-Tibet Railway]], according to a letter to ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'' on 17 April 2008, from researchers of the [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]].<ref>{{cite web | last = Yang | first = Qisen |author2=Lin Xia | title = Tibetan wildlife is getting used to the railway | publisher = [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] | date = 2008-04-17 | url = http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v452/n7189/full/452810c.html | accessdate = 2008-04-29}}</ref>',
58 => '',
59 => 'In the Karakoram regions of [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir|Pakistan-administered Kashmir]] it is listed as an endangered species.{{citation needed|date=June 2014}}',
60 => '',
61 => '==See also==',
62 => '{{Portal|Mammals}}',
63 => '*[[List of endangered and protected species of China]]',
64 => '*[[Fuwa|Yingying]]',
65 => '',
66 => '==References==',
67 => '{{Reflist}}',
68 => '',
69 => '==Further reading==',
70 => '* Ginsberg, J. R., G. B. Schaller, and J. Lowe. (1999). "Petition to list the Tibetan antelope (''Pantholops hodgsonii'') as an endangered species pursuant to the U.S. Endangered Species Act of 1973." Wildlife Conservation Society and Tibetan Plateau Project.',
71 => '*Rick Ridgeway, Conrad Anker, and Galen Rowell. (University of Michigan, National Geographic, 2005). ''The Big Open: On Foot Across Tibet's Chang Tang.'' {{ISBN|9780792238997}}'
] |
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<td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pantholops_hodgsonii" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Pantholops hodgsonii">Pantholops hodgsonii</a></b></i></td></tr>
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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927222620/http://www.newsmonster.co.uk/content/view/161/56/">Slaughtered in the Name of Fashion: UK newspaper article on Shahtoosh</a></li>
<li>ARKive - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060506164310/http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Pantholops_hodgsonii/">images and movies of the Tibetan antelope (<i>Pantholops hodgsonii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Pantholops_hodgsonii.html">Animal Diversity Web</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wildlifetrustofindia.org/">Wildlife Trust of India |Save The Chiru</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldwildlife.org/what/globalmarkets/wildlifetrade/buyersbeware-antelope.html">WWF:Wildlife Trade - Tibetan Antelope (Chiru)</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fws.gov/policy/library/03-25207.pdf">United States Federal Register. (Oct. 6, 2003)</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,25689-2263039,00.html"><i>Antelope leap to safety through rail underpass</i></a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>, 10-Jul-2006</li></ul>
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pronghorn" title="Pronghorn">Pronghorn (<i>A. americana</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Giraffidae" title="Giraffidae">Giraffidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Okapi" title="Okapi">Okapia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Okapi" title="Okapi">Okapi (<i>O. johnstoni</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Giraffe" title="Giraffe">Giraffa</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Northern_giraffe" title="Northern giraffe">Northern giraffe (<i>G. camelopardalis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southern_giraffe" title="Southern giraffe">Southern giraffe (<i>G. giraffa</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reticulated_giraffe" title="Reticulated giraffe">Reticulated giraffe (<i>G. reticulata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Masai_giraffe" title="Masai giraffe">Masai giraffe (<i>G. tippelskirchi</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Musk_deer" title="Musk deer">Moschidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Moschus" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Musk_deer" title="Musk deer">Moschus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anhui_musk_deer" title="Anhui musk deer">Anhui musk deer (<i>M. anhuiensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dwarf_musk_deer" title="Dwarf musk deer">Dwarf musk deer (<i>M. berezovskii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alpine_musk_deer" title="Alpine musk deer">Alpine musk deer (<i>M. chrysogaster</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kashmir_musk_deer" title="Kashmir musk deer">Kashmir musk deer (<i>M. cupreus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Black_musk_deer" title="Black musk deer">Black musk deer (<i>M. fuscus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/White-bellied_musk_deer" title="White-bellied musk deer">Himalayan musk deer (<i>M. leucogaster</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Siberian_musk_deer" title="Siberian musk deer">Siberian musk deer (<i>M. moschiferus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chevrotain" title="Chevrotain">Tragulidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Water_chevrotain" title="Water chevrotain">Hyemoschus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Water_chevrotain" title="Water chevrotain">Water chevrotain (<i>H. aquaticus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Moschiola" title="Moschiola">Moschiola</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_spotted_chevrotain" title="Indian spotted chevrotain">Indian spotted chevrotain (<i>M. indica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yellow-striped_chevrotain" title="Yellow-striped chevrotain">Yellow-striped chevrotain (<i>M. kathygre</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sri_Lankan_spotted_chevrotain" title="Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain">Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain (<i>M. meminna</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tragulus" title="Tragulus">Tragulus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Java_mouse-deer" title="Java mouse-deer">Java mouse-deer (<i>T. javanicus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lesser_mouse-deer" title="Lesser mouse-deer">Lesser mouse-deer (<i>T. kanchil</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_mouse-deer" title="Greater mouse-deer">Greater mouse-deer (<i>T. napu</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Philippine_mouse-deer" title="Philippine mouse-deer">Philippine mouse-deer (<i>T. nigricans</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vietnam_mouse-deer" title="Vietnam mouse-deer">Vietnam mouse-deer (<i>T. versicolor</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Williamson%27s_mouse-deer" title="Williamson's mouse-deer">Williamson's mouse-deer (<i>T. williamsoni</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">Cervidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">Large family listed below</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">Large family listed below</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Cervidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">Cervidae</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Cervinae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cervinae" title="Cervinae">Cervinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muntjac" title="Muntjac">Muntiacus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_muntjac" title="Indian muntjac">Indian muntjac (<i>M. muntjak</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reeves%27s_muntjac" title="Reeves's muntjac">Reeves's muntjac (<i>M. reevesi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hairy-fronted_muntjac" title="Hairy-fronted muntjac">Hairy-fronted muntjac (<i>M. crinifrons</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fea%27s_muntjac" title="Fea's muntjac">Fea's muntjac (<i>M. feae</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bornean_yellow_muntjac" title="Bornean yellow muntjac">Bornean yellow muntjac (<i>M. atherodes</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roosevelt%27s_muntjac" title="Roosevelt's muntjac">Roosevelt's muntjac (<i>M. rooseveltorum</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gongshan_muntjac" title="Gongshan muntjac">Gongshan muntjac (<i>M. gongshanensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Giant_muntjac" title="Giant muntjac">Giant muntjac (<i>M. vuquangensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Truong_Son_muntjac" title="Truong Son muntjac">Truong Son muntjac (<i>M. truongsonensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leaf_muntjac" title="Leaf muntjac">Leaf muntjac (<i>M. putaoensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sumatran_muntjac" title="Sumatran muntjac">Sumatran muntjac (<i>M. montanus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pu_Hoat_muntjac" title="Pu Hoat muntjac">Pu Hoat muntjac (<i>M. puhoatensis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tufted_deer" title="Tufted deer">Elaphodus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tufted_deer" title="Tufted deer">Tufted deer (<i>E. cephalophus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fallow_deer" title="Fallow deer">Dama</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fallow_deer" title="Fallow deer">Fallow deer (<i>D. dama</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Persian_fallow_deer" title="Persian fallow deer">Persian fallow deer (<i>D. mesopotamica</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chital" title="Chital">Axis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chital" title="Chital">Chital (<i>A. axis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rucervus" title="Rucervus">Rucervus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barasingha" title="Barasingha">Barasingha (<i>R. duvaucelii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eld%27s_deer" title="Eld's deer">Panolia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eld%27s_deer" title="Eld's deer">Eld's deer (<i>P. eldii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/P%C3%A8re_David%27s_deer" title="Père David's deer">Elaphurus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/P%C3%A8re_David%27s_deer" title="Père David's deer">Père David's deer (<i>E. davidianus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hyelaphus" title="Hyelaphus">Hyelaphus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_hog_deer" title="Indian hog deer">Hog deer (<i>H. porcinus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Calamian_deer" title="Calamian deer">Calamian deer (<i>H. calamianensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bawean_deer" title="Bawean deer">Bawean deer (<i>H. kuhlii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rusa_(genus)" title="Rusa (genus)">Rusa</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sambar_deer" title="Sambar deer">Sambar (<i>R. unicolor</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Javan_rusa" title="Javan rusa">Rusa deer (<i>R. timorensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Philippine_deer" title="Philippine deer">Philippine sambar (<i>R. mariannus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Visayan_spotted_deer" title="Visayan spotted deer">Philippine spotted deer (<i>R. alfredi</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cervus" title="Cervus">Cervus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red_deer" title="Red deer">Red deer (<i>C. elaphus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Elk" title="Elk">Elk (<i>C. canadensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thorold%27s_deer" title="Thorold's deer">Thorold's deer (<i>C. albirostris</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sika_deer" title="Sika deer">Sika deer (<i>C. nippon</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Capreolinae" title="Capreolinae">Capreolinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Moose" title="Moose">Alces</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Moose" title="Moose">Moose (<i>A. alces</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Water_deer" title="Water deer">Hydropotes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Water_deer" title="Water deer">Water deer (<i>H. inermis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Capreolus" title="Capreolus">Capreolus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roe_deer" title="Roe deer">European roe deer (<i>C. capreolus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Siberian_roe_deer" title="Siberian roe deer">Siberian roe deer (<i>C. pygargus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reindeer" title="Reindeer">Rangifer</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reindeer" title="Reindeer">Reindeer (<i>R. tarandus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hippocamelus" title="Hippocamelus">Hippocamelus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taruca" title="Taruca">Taruca (<i>H. antisensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Andean_deer" title="South Andean deer">South Andean deer (<i>H. bisulcus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brocket_deer" title="Brocket deer">Mazama</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red_brocket" title="Red brocket">Red brocket (<i>M. americana</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Small_red_brocket" title="Small red brocket">Small red brocket (<i>M. bororo</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Merida_brocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Merida brocket">Merida brocket (<i>M. bricenii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dwarf_brocket" title="Dwarf brocket">Dwarf brocket (<i>M. chunyi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gray_brocket" title="Gray brocket">Gray brocket (<i>M. gouazoubira</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pygmy_brocket" title="Pygmy brocket">Pygmy brocket (<i>M. nana</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amazonian_brown_brocket" title="Amazonian brown brocket">Amazonian brown brocket (<i>M. nemorivaga</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yucatan_brown_brocket" title="Yucatan brown brocket">Yucatan brown brocket (<i>M. pandora</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Little_red_brocket" title="Little red brocket">Little red brocket (<i>M. rufina</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_American_red_brocket" title="Central American red brocket">Central American red brocket (<i>M. temama</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pampas_deer" title="Pampas deer">Ozotoceros</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pampas_deer" title="Pampas deer">Pampas deer (<i>O. bezoarticus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marsh_deer" title="Marsh deer">Blastocerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marsh_deer" title="Marsh deer">Marsh deer (<i>B. dichotomus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pud%C3%BA" title="Pudú">Pudu</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pud%C3%BA" title="Pudú">Northern pudú (<i>P. mephistophiles</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pud%C3%BA" title="Pudú">Southern pudú (<i>P. pudu</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Odocoileus" title="Odocoileus">Odocoileus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/White-tailed_deer" title="White-tailed deer">White-tailed deer (<i>O. virginianus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mule_deer" title="Mule deer">Mule deer (<i>O. hemionus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Bovidae" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"/><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Duiker" title="Duiker">Cephalophinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Duiker" title="Duiker">Cephalophus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abbott%27s_duiker" title="Abbott's duiker">Abbott's duiker (<i>C. spadix</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aders%27s_duiker" title="Aders's duiker">Aders's duiker (<i>C. adersi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bay_duiker" title="Bay duiker">Bay duiker (<i>C. dorsalis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Black_duiker" title="Black duiker">Black duiker (<i>C. niger</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Black-fronted_duiker" title="Black-fronted duiker">Black-fronted duiker (<i>C. nigrifrons</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brooke%27s_duiker" title="Brooke's duiker">Brooke's duiker (<i>C. brookei</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harvey%27s_duiker" title="Harvey's duiker">Harvey's duiker (<i>C. harveyi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jentink%27s_duiker" title="Jentink's duiker">Jentink's duiker (<i>C. jentinki</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ogilby%27s_duiker" title="Ogilby's duiker">Ogilby's duiker (<i>C. ogilbyi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peters%27s_duiker" title="Peters's duiker">Peters' duiker (<i>C. callipygus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red-flanked_duiker" title="Red-flanked duiker">Red-flanked duiker (<i>C. rufilatus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red_forest_duiker" title="Red forest duiker">Red forest duiker (<i>C. natalensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ruwenzori_duiker" title="Ruwenzori duiker">Ruwenzori duiker (<i>C. rubidis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Weyns%27s_duiker" title="Weyns's duiker">Weyns's duiker (<i>C. weynsi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/White-bellied_duiker" title="White-bellied duiker">White-bellied duiker (<i>C. leucogaster</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/White-legged_duiker" title="White-legged duiker">White-legged duiker (<i>C. crusalbum</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yellow-backed_duiker" title="Yellow-backed duiker">Yellow-backed duiker (<i>C. silvicultor</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zebra_duiker" title="Zebra duiker">Zebra duiker (<i>C. zebra</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Duiker" title="Duiker">Philantomba</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blue_duiker" title="Blue duiker">Blue duiker (<i>P. monticola</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maxwell%27s_duiker" title="Maxwell's duiker">Maxwell's duiker (<i>P. maxwellii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walter%27s_duiker" title="Walter's duiker">Walter's duiker (<i>P. walteri</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Common_duiker" title="Common duiker">Sylvicapra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Common_duiker" title="Common duiker">Common duiker (<i>S. grimmia</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grazing_antelope" title="Grazing antelope">Hippotraginae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hippotragus" title="Hippotragus">Hippotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roan_antelope" title="Roan antelope">Roan antelope (<i>H. equinus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sable_antelope" title="Sable antelope">Sable antelope (<i>H. niger</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oryx" title="Oryx">Oryx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/East_African_oryx" title="East African oryx">East African oryx (<i>O. beisa</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scimitar_oryx" title="Scimitar oryx">Scimitar oryx (<i>O. dammah</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gemsbok" title="Gemsbok">Gemsbok (<i>O. gazella</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arabian_oryx" title="Arabian oryx">Arabian oryx (<i>O. leucoryx</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Addax" title="Addax">Addax</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Addax" title="Addax">Addax (<i>A. nasomaculatus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reduncinae" title="Reduncinae">Reduncinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kobus_(antelope)" title="Kobus (antelope)">Kobus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upemba_lechwe" title="Upemba lechwe">Upemba lechwe (<i>K. anselli</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Waterbuck" title="Waterbuck">Waterbuck (<i>K. ellipsiprymnus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kob" title="Kob">Kob (<i>K. kob</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lechwe" title="Lechwe">Lechwe (<i>K. leche</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nile_lechwe" title="Nile lechwe">Nile lechwe (<i>K. megaceros</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Puku" title="Puku">Puku (<i>K. vardonii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reedbuck" title="Reedbuck">Redunca</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southern_reedbuck" title="Southern reedbuck">Southern reedbuck (<i>R. arundinum</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mountain_reedbuck" title="Mountain reedbuck">Mountain reedbuck (<i>R. fulvorufula</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bohor_reedbuck" title="Bohor reedbuck">Bohor reedbuck (<i>R. redunca</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Impala" title="Impala">Aepycerotinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Aepyceros" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Impala" title="Impala">Aepyceros</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Impala" title="Impala">Impala (<i>A. melampus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grey_rhebok" title="Grey rhebok">Peleinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pelea" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grey_rhebok" title="Grey rhebok">Pelea</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grey_rhebok" title="Grey rhebok">Grey rhebok (<i>P. capreolus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alcelaphinae" title="Alcelaphinae">Alcelaphinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hirola" title="Hirola">Beatragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hirola" title="Hirola">Hirola (<i>B. hunteri</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Damaliscus" title="Damaliscus">Damaliscus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Topi" title="Topi">Topi (<i>D. korrigum</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Common_tsessebe" title="Common tsessebe">Common tsessebe (<i>D. lunatus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bontebok" title="Bontebok">Bontebok (<i>D. pygargus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bangweulu_tsessebe" title="Bangweulu tsessebe">Bangweulu tsessebe (<i>D. superstes</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hartebeest" title="Hartebeest">Alcelaphus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hartebeest" title="Hartebeest">Hartebeest (<i>A. buselaphus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red_hartebeest" title="Red hartebeest">Red hartebeest (<i>A. caama</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lichtenstein%27s_hartebeest" title="Lichtenstein's hartebeest">Lichtenstein's hartebeest (<i>A. lichtensteinii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wildebeest" title="Wildebeest">Connochaetes</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Black_wildebeest" title="Black wildebeest">Black wildebeest (<i>C. gnou</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blue_wildebeest" title="Blue wildebeest">Blue wildebeest (<i>C. taurinus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pantholopinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Pantholops" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pantholops</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tibetan antelope (<i>P. hodgsonii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Caprinae" title="Caprinae">Caprinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">Large subfamily listed below</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bovinae" title="Bovinae">Bovinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">Large subfamily listed below</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antilopinae" title="Antilopinae">Antilopinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">Large subfamily listed below</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Bovidae_(subfamily_Caprinae)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"/><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a> (subfamily <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Caprinae" title="Caprinae">Caprinae</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barbary_sheep" title="Barbary sheep">Ammotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barbary_sheep" title="Barbary sheep">Barbary sheep (<i>A. lervia</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Takin" title="Takin">Budorcas</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Takin" title="Takin">Takin (<i>B. taxicolor</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Capra_(genus)" title="Capra (genus)">Capra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wild_goat" title="Wild goat">Wild goat (<i>C. aegagrus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">Domestic goat (<i>C. aegagrus hircus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Caucasian_tur" title="West Caucasian tur">West Caucasian tur (<i>C. caucasia</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/East_Caucasian_tur" title="East Caucasian tur">East Caucasian tur (<i>C. cylindricornis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Markhor" title="Markhor">Markhor (<i>C. falconeri</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alpine_ibex" title="Alpine ibex">Alpine ibex (<i>C. ibex</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nubian_ibex" title="Nubian ibex">Nubian ibex (<i>C. nubiana</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spanish_ibex" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish ibex">Spanish ibex (<i>C. pyrenaica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Siberian_ibex" title="Siberian ibex">Siberian ibex (<i>C. sibirica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walia_ibex" title="Walia ibex">Walia ibex (<i>C. walie</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Serow" title="Serow">Capricornis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Japanese_serow" title="Japanese serow">Japanese serow (<i>C. crispus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taiwan_serow" title="Taiwan serow">Taiwan serow (<i>C. swinhoei</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sumatran_serow" title="Sumatran serow">Sumatran serow (<i>C. sumatraensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mainland_serow" title="Mainland serow">Mainland serow (<i>C. milneedwardsii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red_serow" title="Red serow">Red serow (<i>C. rubidusi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Himalayan_serow" title="Himalayan serow">Himalayan serow (<i>C. thar</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tahr" title="Tahr">Hemitragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nilgiri_tahr" title="Nilgiri tahr">Nilgiri tahr (<i>H. hylocrius</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arabian_tahr" title="Arabian tahr">Arabian tahr (<i>H. jayakari</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Himalayan_tahr" title="Himalayan tahr">Himalayan tahr (<i>H. jemlahicus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Goral" title="Goral">Naemorhedus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red_goral" title="Red goral">Red goral (<i>N. baileyi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Long-tailed_goral" title="Long-tailed goral">Long-tailed goral (<i>N. caudatus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Himalayan_goral" title="Himalayan goral">Himalayan goral (<i>N. goral</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chinese_goral" title="Chinese goral">Chinese goral (<i>N. griseus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mountain_goat" title="Mountain goat">Oreamnos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mountain_goat" title="Mountain goat">Mountain goat (<i>O. americanus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muskox" title="Muskox">Ovibos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muskox" title="Muskox">Muskox (<i>O. moschatus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ovis" title="Ovis">Ovis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Argali" title="Argali">Argali (<i>O. ammon</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">Domestic sheep (<i>O. aries</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bighorn_sheep" title="Bighorn sheep">Bighorn sheep (<i>O. canadensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dall_sheep" title="Dall sheep">Dall sheep (<i>O. dalli</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mouflon" title="Mouflon">Mouflon (<i>O. musimon</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Snow_sheep" title="Snow sheep">Snow sheep (<i>O. nivicola</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Urial" title="Urial">Urial (<i>O. orientalis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pseudois" title="Pseudois">Pseudois</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bharal" title="Bharal">Bharal (<i>P. nayaur</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dwarf_blue_sheep" title="Dwarf blue sheep">Dwarf blue sheep (<i>P. schaeferi</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rupicapra" title="Rupicapra">Rupicapra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pyrenean_chamois" title="Pyrenean chamois">Pyrenean chamois (<i>R. pyrenaica</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chamois" title="Chamois">Alpine chamois (<i>R. rupicapra</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Bovidae_(subfamily_Bovinae)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"/><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a> (subfamily <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bovinae" title="Bovinae">Bovinae</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boselaphini" title="Boselaphini">Boselaphini</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Four-horned_antelope" title="Four-horned antelope">Tetracerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Four-horned_antelope" title="Four-horned antelope">Four-horned antelope (<i>T. quadricornis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nilgai" title="Nilgai">Boselaphus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nilgai" title="Nilgai">Nilgai (<i>B. tragocamelus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bovini" title="Bovini">Bovini</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bubalus" title="Bubalus">Bubalus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Water_buffalo" title="Water buffalo">Domestic water buffalo (<i>B. bubalis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wild_water_buffalo" title="Wild water buffalo">Wild water buffalo (<i>B. arnee</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anoa" title="Anoa">Lowland anoa (<i>B. depressicornis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anoa" title="Anoa">Mountain anoa (<i>B. quarlesi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tamaraw" title="Tamaraw">Tamaraw (<i>B. mindorensis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bos" title="Bos">Bos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Banteng" title="Banteng">Banteng (<i>B. javanicus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gaur" title="Gaur">Gaur (<i>B. gaurus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gayal" title="Gayal">Gayal (<i>B. frontalis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Domestic_yak" title="Domestic yak">Domestic yak (<i>B. grunniens</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wild_yak" title="Wild yak">Wild yak (<i>B. mutus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">Cattle (<i>B. taurus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kouprey" title="Kouprey">Kouprey (<i>B. sauveli</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kting_voar" title="Kting voar">Pseudonovibos</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kting_voar" title="Kting voar">Kting voar (<i>P. spiralis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saola" title="Saola">Pseudoryx</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saola" title="Saola">Saola (<i>P. nghetinhensis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/African_buffalo" title="African buffalo">Syncerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/African_buffalo" title="African buffalo">African buffalo (<i>S. caffer</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bison" title="Bison">Bison</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/American_bison" title="American bison">American bison (<i>B. bison</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/European_bison" title="European bison">European bison (<i>B. bonasus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tragelaphini" title="Tragelaphini">Tragelaphini</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tragelaphus" title="Tragelaphus">Tragelaphus</a></i><br /><small><span style="color:#696969"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"/><span class="nobold">(including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kudu" title="Kudu">kudus</a>)</span></span></small></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sitatunga" title="Sitatunga">Sitatunga (<i>T. spekeii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nyala" title="Nyala">Nyala (<i>T. angasii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/K%C3%A9wel" class="mw-redirect" title="Kéwel">Kéwel (<i>T. scriptus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cape_bushbuck" title="Cape bushbuck">Cape bushbuck (<i>T. sylvaticus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mountain_nyala" title="Mountain nyala">Mountain nyala (<i>T. buxtoni</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lesser_kudu" title="Lesser kudu">Lesser kudu (<i>T. imberbis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Greater_kudu" title="Greater kudu">Greater kudu (<i>T. strepsiceros</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bongo_(antelope)" title="Bongo (antelope)">Bongo (<i>T. eurycerus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taurotragus" title="Taurotragus">Taurotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Common_eland" title="Common eland">Common eland (<i>T. oryx</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Giant_eland" title="Giant eland">Giant eland (<i>T. derbianus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Family_Bovidae_(subfamily_Antilopinae)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"/><span class="nobold">Family <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bovidae" title="Bovidae">Bovidae</a> (subfamily <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antilopinae" title="Antilopinae">Antilopinae</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antilopini" title="Antilopini">Antilopini</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dibatag" title="Dibatag">Ammodorcas</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dibatag" title="Dibatag">Dibatag (<i>A. clarkei</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Springbok" title="Springbok">Antidorcas</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Springbok" title="Springbok">Springbok (<i>A. marsupialis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blackbuck" title="Blackbuck">Antilope</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blackbuck" title="Blackbuck">Blackbuck (<i>A. cervicapra</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eudorcas" title="Eudorcas">Eudorcas</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mongalla_gazelle" title="Mongalla gazelle">Mongalla gazelle (<i>E. albonotata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red-fronted_gazelle" title="Red-fronted gazelle">Red-fronted gazelle (<i>E. rufifrons</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thomson%27s_gazelle" title="Thomson's gazelle">Thomson's gazelle (<i>E. thomsonii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Heuglin%27s_gazelle" title="Heuglin's gazelle">Heuglin's gazelle (<i>E. tilonura</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gazelle" title="Gazelle">Gazella</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mountain_gazelle" title="Mountain gazelle">Mountain gazelle (<i>G. gazella</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gazella_erlangeri" title="Gazella erlangeri">Neumann's gazelle (<i>G. erlangeri</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Speke%27s_gazelle" title="Speke's gazelle">Speke's gazelle (<i>G. spekei</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorcas_gazelle" title="Dorcas gazelle">Dorcas gazelle (<i>G. dorcas</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chinkara" title="Chinkara">Chinkara (<i>G. bennettii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cuvier%27s_gazelle" title="Cuvier's gazelle">Cuvier's gazelle (<i>G. cuvieri</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rhim_gazelle" title="Rhim gazelle">Rhim gazelle (<i>G. leptoceros</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Goitered_gazelle" title="Goitered gazelle">Goitered gazelle (<i>G. subgutturosa</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gerenuk" title="Gerenuk">Litocranius</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gerenuk" title="Gerenuk">Gerenuk (<i>L. walleri</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nanger" title="Nanger">Nanger</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dama_gazelle" title="Dama gazelle">Dama gazelle (<i>N. dama</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grant%27s_gazelle" title="Grant's gazelle">Grant's gazelle (<i>N. granti</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Soemmerring%27s_gazelle" title="Soemmerring's gazelle">Soemmerring's gazelle (<i>N. soemmerringii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Procapra" title="Procapra">Procapra</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mongolian_gazelle" title="Mongolian gazelle">Mongolian gazelle (<i>P. gutturosa</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Goa_(antelope)" title="Goa (antelope)">Goa (<i>P. picticaudata</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Przewalski%27s_gazelle" title="Przewalski's gazelle">Przewalski's gazelle (<i>P. przewalskii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saigini</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pantholops</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tibetan antelope (<i>P. hodgsonii</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saiga_antelope" title="Saiga antelope">Saiga</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saiga_antelope" title="Saiga antelope">Saiga antelope (<i>S. tatarica</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Neotragini" title="Neotragini">Neotragini</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Beira_(antelope)" title="Beira (antelope)">Dorcatragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Beira_(antelope)" title="Beira (antelope)">Beira (<i>D. megalotis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dik-dik" title="Dik-dik">Madoqua</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/G%C3%BCnther%27s_dik-dik" title="Günther's dik-dik">Günther's dik-dik (<i>M. guentheri</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kirk%27s_dik-dik" title="Kirk's dik-dik">Kirk's dik-dik (<i>M. kirkii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Silver_dik-dik" title="Silver dik-dik">Silver dik-dik (<i>M. piacentinii</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salt%27s_dik-dik" title="Salt's dik-dik">Salt's dik-dik (<i>M. saltiana</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Neotragus" title="Neotragus">Neotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bates%27s_pygmy_antelope" title="Bates's pygmy antelope">Bates' pygmy antelope (<i>N. batesi</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Suni" title="Suni">Suni (<i>N. moschatus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Royal_antelope" title="Royal antelope">Royal antelope (<i>N. pygmaeus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Klipspringer" title="Klipspringer">Oreotragus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Klipspringer" title="Klipspringer">Klipspringer (<i>O. oreotragus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oribi" title="Oribi">Ourebia</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oribi" title="Oribi">Oribi (<i>O. ourebi</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Raphicerus" title="Raphicerus">Raphicerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Steenbok" title="Steenbok">Steenbok (<i>R. campestris</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cape_grysbok" title="Cape grysbok">Cape grysbok (<i>R. melanotis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sharpe%27s_grysbok" title="Sharpe's grysbok">Sharpe's grysbok (<i>R. sharpei</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Suina" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Suina" title="Suina">Suina</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Suidae" title="Suidae">Suidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Babirusa" title="Babirusa">Babyrousa</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buru_babirusa" title="Buru babirusa">Buru babirusa (<i>B. babyrussa</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Sulawesi_babirusa" title="North Sulawesi babirusa">North Sulawesi babirusa (<i>B. celebensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Togian_babirusa" title="Togian babirusa">Togian babirusa (<i>B. togeanensis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Giant_forest_hog" title="Giant forest hog">Hylochoerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Giant_forest_hog" title="Giant forest hog">Giant forest hog (<i>H. meinertzhageni</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phacochoerus" title="Phacochoerus">Phacochoerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Desert_warthog" title="Desert warthog">Desert warthog (<i>P. aethiopicus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Common_warthog" title="Common warthog">Common warthog (<i>P. africanus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pygmy_hog" title="Pygmy hog">Porcula</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pygmy_hog" title="Pygmy hog">Pygmy hog (<i>P. salvania</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Potamochoerus" title="Potamochoerus">Potamochoerus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bushpig" title="Bushpig">Bushpig (<i>P. larvatus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red_river_hog" title="Red river hog">Red river hog (<i>P. porcus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pig" title="Pig">Sus</a></i><br /><small>(<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pig" title="Pig">Pigs</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palawan_bearded_pig" title="Palawan bearded pig">Palawan bearded pig (<i>S. ahoenobarbus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bornean_bearded_pig" title="Bornean bearded pig">Bornean bearded pig (<i>S. barbatus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Heude%27s_pig" title="Heude's pig">Indochinese warty pig (<i>S. bucculentus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Visayan_warty_pig" title="Visayan warty pig">Visayan warty pig (<i>S. cebifrons</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Celebes_warty_pig" title="Celebes warty pig">Celebes warty pig (<i>S. celebensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flores_warty_pig" title="Flores warty pig">Flores warty pig (<i>S. heureni</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oliver%27s_warty_pig" title="Oliver's warty pig">Oliver's warty pig (<i>S. oliveri</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Philippine_warty_pig" title="Philippine warty pig">Philippine warty pig (<i>S. philippensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">Wild boar (<i>S. scrofa</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Timor_warty_pig" title="Timor warty pig">Timor warty pig (<i>S. timoriensis</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Javan_warty_pig" title="Javan warty pig">Javan warty pig (<i>S. verrucosus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peccary" title="Peccary">Tayassuidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/White-lipped_peccary" title="White-lipped peccary">Tayassu</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/White-lipped_peccary" title="White-lipped peccary">White-lipped peccary (<i>T. pecari</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chacoan_peccary" title="Chacoan peccary">Catagonus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chacoan_peccary" title="Chacoan peccary">Chacoan peccary (<i>C. wagneri</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Collared_peccary" title="Collared peccary">Pecari</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Collared_peccary" title="Collared peccary">Collared peccary (<i>P. tajacu</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Giant_peccary" title="Giant peccary">Giant peccary (<i>P. maximus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Suborder_Tylopoda" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Suborder <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tylopoda" title="Tylopoda">Tylopoda</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Camelidae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Camelid" class="mw-redirect" title="Camelid">Camelidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lama_(genus)" title="Lama (genus)">Lama</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Llama" title="Llama">Llama (<i>L. glama</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Guanaco" title="Guanaco">Guanaco (<i>L. guanicoe</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Vicuña">Vicugna</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Vicuña">Vicuña (<i>V. vicugna</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alpaca" title="Alpaca">Alpaca (<i>V. pacos</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Camel" title="Camel">Camelus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dromedary" title="Dromedary">Dromedary/Arabian camel (<i>C. dromedarius</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bactrian_camel" title="Bactrian camel">Domestic Bactrian camel (<i>C. bactrianus</i>)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wild_Bactrian_camel" title="Wild Bactrian camel">Wild Bactrian camel (<i>C. ferus</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Whippomorpha_(unranked_clade)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Whippomorpha" title="Whippomorpha">Whippomorpha</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"/><span class="nobold"><small>(unranked clade)</small></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hippopotamidae" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hippopotamidae" title="Hippopotamidae">Hippopotamidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hippopotamus_(genus)" title="Hippopotamus (genus)">Hippopotamus</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hippopotamus" title="Hippopotamus">Hippopotamus (<i>H. amphibius</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pygmy_hippopotamus" title="Pygmy hippopotamus">Choeropsis</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pygmy_hippopotamus" title="Pygmy hippopotamus">Pygmy hippopotamus (<i>C. liberiensis</i>)</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Taxon_identifiers" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272293" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q272293">Q272293</a></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pantholops_hodgsonii" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Pantholops hodgsonii">Pantholops hodgsonii</a></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Pantholops/">Pantholops</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ARKive" title="ARKive">ARKive</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.arkive.org/wd/pantholops-hodgsonii/">pantholops-hodgsonii</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Convention_on_the_Conservation_of_Migratory_Species_of_Wild_Animals" title="Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals">CMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cms.int/en/species/pantholops-hodgsonii">pantholops-hodgsonii</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/344584">344584</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2441103">2441103</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/42382">42382</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11175462">11175462</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=625113">625113</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/enwiki/api/v3/taxonredirect/15967">15967</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World">MSW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?s=y&id=14200851">14200851</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=59538">59538</a></span></span></li>
<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">Species+</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://speciesplus.net/#/taxon_concepts/8117/legal">8117</a></span></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node ) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp ) | 1571771644 |