Examine individual changes

'{{Multiple issues| {{more citations needed|date=July 2019}} {{Original research|date=July 2019}} }} {{short description|Agricultural Caste in Tamil Nadu, India}} '''Devendrakula Velalar''' is a Tamil speaking community prevalent in southern India. The community is mostly distributed in the [[Tirunelveli]], [[Tuticorin]], [[Tiruchendur]], [[Thiruparankundram]], [[Virudhunagar]], [[Madurai]], [[Thanjavur]], [[Ramanathapuram]], [[Tiruchirappalli]], [[Pudukkottai]], [[Nagapattinam]], [[Tiruvarur]], [[Coimbatore]] and [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]] districts of Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lZuAAAAMAAJ|title= Societas to Civitas|last=Venkatasubramanian|first=T.K|date=1993|publisher=Kalinga Publications Press|isbn=9788185163420|location=|pages=74|language=en}}</ref> {{infobox caste | caste_name = Devendrakula Velalar | image = | caption = | classification = Farmers, cultivators, warriors<ref name=":dvk">{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=1996|title=Chapter II - CASTE AND WOMEN|url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/135469/7/07_chapter%202.pdf|journal=Social conditions in Tamil Nadu|volume=|pages=104|via=INFLIBNET}}</ref> | religions = [[Hinduism]] | country = [[India]] | state = [[Tamil Nadu]] | languages = [[Tamil language|Tamil]] | region = [[Pandya Nadu]], [[Chola Nadu]], [[Kongu Nadu]] | related = }} ==History== In ancient times they worshiped யார் இந்த பள்ளர்கள்??? வரலாற்றில் அவர்கள் பெற்ற சிறப்பு என்ன?? 1.பள்ளர் கள் பள்ளத்தில் படுத்து தேவிடியா தொழிலை உருவாக்கி அதன் மூலம் உலக புகழ்பெற்ற ஒரே இனம் இந்த பள்ளர் இனம். இந்த பள்ளர் கள் பொதுவாக ஊருக்கு வெளியில் அதாவது புரஞ்செரி என்று சொல்லப்படும் ஊருக்கு வெளியே வாழ்வார்கள். அவர்கள் ஊருக்கு வெளியே இருந்து ஊருக்குள் இருக்கும் மற்ற ஜாதி ஆண்களுக்கு இன்பதை கொடுக்கும் புனித தொழிலை செய்து வந்தார்கள்.. இவர்களின் வம்சா வழியினர் பல்வேறு நாடுகளுக்கு ஏற்றுமதி செய்யப்பட்டு அங்கும் அவர்களின் குல தொழிலை சிறப்பாக செய்து வந்தார்கள் அவ்வாறு அவர்கள் வாழ்ந்த இடங்களுக்கு பள்ளர் கள் பெயரையே வைத்து உள்ளார்கள். அது பற்றிய விரிவான தகவல்கள் புகைப்படம் மூலம் கூறுகிறோம். இன்றைய மஹாராஷ்டிரா மாநிலம் ஒரு காலத்தில் மள்ளராஷ்டிரிய என்று பெருமையாக அழைக்கப்படும். அதற்கான காரணம் பள்ளதிகள் தங்கள் குல தொழிலை சிறப்புடன் செய்தமையால் தான்.. அந்த மள்ளராஷ்டிரிய வில் தான் முதன் முதலில் எல்லோரும் இன்பம் காணும் வகையில் விபச்சார விடுதி கள் பிரத்தியேகமாக பள்ளத்திகளின் செயல்பாடுகளை எல்லோரும் அனுபவிக்க வேண்டும் என்று சிகப்பு விளக்கு பகுதி உருவாக்கபட்டு இன்றும் புழக்கத்தில் உள்ளது.[[Indra|Vendhan]] (Devendran), hence, they were called Devendrakula Velalars. As heads of village councils, they were also known as Devendra Kudumban. They were the first to till the land and build the cities of ancient Tamil civilization. They get first respect in most of the temples in southern part of Tamil Nadu.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/117432/13/13_chapter%205.pdf|title=Caste based social system|last=|first=|date=|publisher=publisher|year=|isbn=|location=|pages=244|language=en}}</ref> === Chola Hegemony === They had land ownership and were part of military services.<ref name=":0" /> ===Pallava Hegemony=== *K. R. Hanumanthan is also of the view they were an ancient community of Tamil Nadu who worked under the Pallavas as Political Chieftain with the title Kurumbar.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZvQtAAAAMAAJ&q|title=Untouchability: A Historical Study Upto 1500 A.D. : with Special Reference to Tamil Nadu|last=Hanumanthan|first=K.R|publisher=Koodal publisher|year=1979|isbn=|location=|pages=101–103|language=en}}</ref> ==Subcastes and divisions== The following is a list of seven subcastes of the Devendrakula Velalar:<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1lZuAAAAMAAJ|title=Societas to Civitas|last=Venkatasubramanian|first=T.K|date=1993|publisher=Kalinga Publications Press|isbn=9788185163420|location=|pages=74|language=en}}</ref> *[[Devendra Kulathan]] *[[Kudumbar]] *[[Kadaiyar]] *Kaladi *[[Pallar]] **[[Sri Lankan Pallar]] *[[Pannadi]] *[[Vathiriyar]] ==Organisation== They have their own caste headman and [[Panchayati raj (India)|panchayat]] to settle disputes among them. ===Kongu Nadu=== *In Coimbatore, the headman is called Pattakaran, he is assisted by various subordinate officers and caste messenger called Odum Pillai. *In Salem, the headman called Palakan, a chief guru called Camiar or Karumapuram, a priest called Valluvan and messenger called Odum Pillai. ===Chola Nadu=== *In Trichy, they generally have 3 or more headman for each village, over whom is the Nattu Mooppan. Each village also has a peon called Odum Pillai. The village councils are attended by the Mooppan and the Nattu Mooppan. *In Karur, between the Nattu Mooppan and the ordinary Mooppans, there is Puli Mooppan. ===Pandya Nadu=== *In Madurai district the headman is called Kudumban whose assistant is called Kalati and messenger Variyan.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FnB3k8fx5oEC&pg|title=Castes and Tribes of Southern India, Volume 1 |last=K.Rangachari|first=Edgar thurston|publisher=Asian educational services |year=2001|isbn=9788120602885|location=|pages=478|language=en}}</ref> ==Devendrakula Velalar [[Nattar]]s<ref name=":dvk" />== *Kodai Valanattar *Seevantha Valanattar *Paruthikottai Valanattar *Sikka Valanattar *Seluva Valanattar *Veera Nattar *Samudra Nattar As irrigation is vital to the latter must have held a key position. Their occupation being seasonal thy have enjoyed greater mobility and had also served in the army of the Polygars.<ref name=":dvk" /><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pQtuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=Proceedings of the ... Annual Conference ..., Issue 3 |last=Conference|first=South Indian History Congress |publisher=The Congress Press|year=1982|isbn=978052154885|location=|pages=172|language=en}}</ref> ==Surnames== === Pandya region === *Kudumbar in [[Thirunelvelli]] *Pandian in [[Sengottai]] *Nattar === Chola region === *Mooppan *Panikkan *Kaladi *Kadaiganar *Vaykkaran === Kongu region === *Kongu *Pandya *Chola *Kadaignan The titles assumed by them are Kudumban, Pannadi, Pattakaran, Mannadi, Pallar and Mooppan.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pQtuAAAAMAAJ&q|title=Proceedings of the ... Annual Conference ..., Issue 3|last=Hanumanthan|first=K.R|date=1982|publisher=The congress Press|isbn=|location=|pages=171|language=en}}</ref> ==Inscription== Two inscriptions assigned to the seventeenth century one from Karivalamvanthanallur (Sankaranainarkoil Taluk, Tirunelveli District), and another from Srivilliputhur (formerly with Tinnevelly District and later with Ramanathapuram District) referred to them as Devendra Kudumban.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8dp_b7GBrEC&pg|title=Political Change and Agrarian Tradition in South India, C. 1600-1801: A Case ... |last=Venkatasubramanian|first=T.K|publisher=Mittal Publications Press|year=1986|isbn=978052154885|location=|pages=52|language=en}}</ref> == Notable members == *[[Veeran Sundaralingam]], was an 18th-century CE general from [[Tamil Nadu]], [[India]]. *[[Immanuvel Devendrar]], was a 19th-century CE freedom fighter from Tamil Nadu, India. *[[K. Krishnasamy]], is a physician turned politician who founded and currently acts as president of the party [[Puthiya Tamilagam]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} [[Category:Indian castes]] [[Category:Tamil society]] [[Category:Hindu communities]] [[Category:Social groups of Tamil Nadu]]'