Examine individual changes

'{{redirect|Newcastle United}} {{short description|Association football club}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}} {{Use British English|date=August 2011}} {{Good article}} {{Infobox football club | nickname = The Magpies | ground = [[St James' Park]] | capacity = 52,354<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/handbooks/premier-league-handbook-2015-16.pdf |title=Premier League Handbook Season 2015/16 |accessdate=23 May 2016 |work=[[Premier League]] |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906045556/http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/handbooks/premier-league-handbook-2015-16.pdf |archivedate= 6 September 2015 }}</ref> | season = {{English football updater|NewcastU2}} | current = 2019–20 Newcastle United F.C. season | clubname = Newcastle United | fullname = Newcastle United Football Club | image = Newcastle United Logo.svg | image_size = 200px | founded = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1892|12|9}} | owner = [[Mike Ashley (businessman)|Mike Ashley]] | chrtitle = Managing Director | chairman = Lee Charnley | mgrtitle = Manager | manager = [[Steve Bruce]] | league = {{English football updater|NewcastU}} | position = {{English football updater|NewcastU3}} | website = http://www.nufc.co.uk | pattern_la1 = _newcastle1920h | pattern_b1 = _newcastle1920h | pattern_ra1 = _newcastle1920h | pattern_sh1 = | pattern_so1 = _whitetop | leftarm1 = 000000 | body1 = FFFFFF | rightarm1 = 000000 | shorts1 = 000000 | socks1 = 000000 | pattern_la2 = _newcastle1920a | pattern_b2 = _newcastle1920a | pattern_ra2 = _newcastle1920a | pattern_sh2 = _newcastle1920a | pattern_so2 = _nufc201920a | leftarm2 = 18453B | body2 = 18453B | rightarm2 = 18453B | shorts2 = 18453B | socks2 = 18453B | pattern_la3 = _newcastle1920t | pattern_b3 = _newcastle1920t | pattern_ra3 = _newcastle1920t | pattern_sh3 = _newcastle1920t | pattern_so3 = _nufc201920t | leftarm3 = FF6000 | body3 = FF6000 | rightarm3 = FF6000 | shorts3 = FF6000 | socks3 = FF6000 }} '''Newcastle United Football Club''' is an English professional [[association football|football]] club based in [[Newcastle upon Tyne]], [[Tyne and Wear]], that plays in the [[Premier League]], the top tier of English football. Founded in 1892 by the merger of [[Newcastle East End F.C.|Newcastle East End]] and [[Newcastle West End F.C.|Newcastle West End]]. Per the requirements from the [[Taylor Report]], in response to the [[Hillsborough disaster]], that all Premiership teams have an [[all-seater stadium]], the grounds were adjusted in the mid-1990s and now has a capacity of 52,354.<ref name="premierleague.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/handbooks/premier-league-handbook-2013-14.pdf |title=Premier League Handbook Season 2013/14 |accessdate=17 August 2013 |work=[[Premier League]] |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140122060849/http://www.premierleague.com/content/dam/premierleague/site-content/News/publications/handbooks/premier-league-handbook-2013-14.pdf |archivedate=22 January 2014 }}</ref><ref> {{cite web|url=http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/SportsDirectArena |title=Premier League Handbook&nbsp;– Season 2010/11 |work=Premier League |accessdate=7 May 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113184643/http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/SportsDirectArena |archivedate=13 November 2011 }}</ref>, The team plays its home matches at [[St James' Park]]. The club has been a member of the Premier League for all but three years of the competition's history, spending 86 seasons in the top tier as of May 2018, and has never dropped below English football's second tier since joining the [[Football League]] in 1893. They have won four [[List of English football champions|League Championship]] titles, six [[FA Cup]]s and a [[FA Community Shield|Charity Shield]], as well as the [[1969 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup Final|1969 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup]] and the [[2006 UEFA Intertoto Cup]], the ninth highest total of trophies won by an English club.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.caughtoffside.com/2015/03/02/englands-ten-most-successful-clubs-chelsea-still-way-behind-arsenal-liverpool-man-united-despite-capital-one-cup-win/|title=England's Ten Most Successful Clubs: Chelsea Still Way Behind Arsenal, Liverpool & Man United Despite Capital One Cup Win|first=Mark|last=Brus|date=2 March 2015|publisher=}}</ref> The club's most successful period was between 1904 and 1910, when they won an FA Cup and three of their First Division titles. The club was relegated in 2009 and again in 2016. The club won promotion at the first time of asking each time, returning to the Premier League as Championship winners in 2010 and 2017 for the [[2017–18 Premier League|2017–18 season]]. Newcastle has a local rivalry with [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]], with whom they have contested the [[Tyne–Wear derby]] since 1898. The club's traditional kit colours are black and white striped shirts, black shorts and black socks. Their crest has elements of the city [[coat of arms]], which features two grey seahorses. Before each home game, the team enters the field to "[[Local Hero (album)|Local Hero]]", and "[[Blaydon Races]]" is also sung during games.<ref name="Hero">Anthony Bateman (2008). "Sporting Sounds: Relationships Between Sport and Music". p. 186. Routledge</ref> The club has been owned by [[Mike Ashley (businessman)|Mike Ashley]] since 2007, succeeding long-term chairman [[John Hall (businessman)|Sir John Hall]]. The club is the [[Deloitte Football Money League|17th]]-highest revenue producing club in the world in terms of annual revenue, generating [[Euro|€]]169.3&nbsp;million in 2015. Newcastle's highest placing was in 1999, when they were the fifth-highest revenue producing football club in the world, and second in England only behind [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]].<ref name =Del1999>{{cite news| title = Man Utd 'Richest club in the world'| quote = The next British side on the list, at fifth, is Newcastle United... | publisher = bbc.co.uk | date = 1 December 1999 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sport/football/543805.stm | accessdate = 11 September 2013 }}</ref> ==History== {{Main|History of Newcastle United F.C.}} {{details|topic=league performance|List of Newcastle United F.C. seasons}} ===Formation and early history (1881–1903)=== [[File:Newcastle United FC League Performance.svg|thumb|A chart showing the progress of Newcastle United Football Club from its entry into the League in 1894 to the present. Newcastle have won the league on four occasions.]] The first record of football being played on [[Tyneside]] dates from 3 March 1877 at [[Northern Football Club|Elswick Rugby Club]]. Later that year, Newcastle's first football club, Tyne Association, was formed. The origins of Newcastle United Football Club itself can be traced back to the formation of a football club by the Stanley Cricket Club of [[Byker]] in November 1881. This team was renamed [[Newcastle East End F.C.]] in October 1882, to avoid confusion with the cricket club in [[Stanley, County Durham]]. Rosewood F.C. of Byker merged with Newcastle East End a short time later. In 1886, Newcastle East End moved from Byker to Heaton. In August 1882, [[Newcastle West End F.C.]] formed from West End Cricket Club, and in May 1886, the club moved into [[St James' Park]].<ref name=formation>{{cite web |url=http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/ClubHistory/0,,10278~2108980,00.html |title=The Formation of Newcastle United |author=P. Joannou |work=www.nufc.co.uk |accessdate=3 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110320211146/http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/ClubHistory/0%2C%2C10278~2108980%2C00.html |archivedate=20 March 2011 }}</ref> The two clubs became rivals in the [[Northern Football League (England)|Northern League]]. In 1889, Newcastle East End became a professional team, before becoming a limited company the following March.<ref name=history>{{cite web | url = http://www.newcastleunited-mad.co.uk/feat/edz2/newcastle_utd__the_history_325295/index.shtml | title = Newcastle Utd&nbsp;– The History | author=Nu Mad | date = 18 February 2007 | work=www.newcastleunited-mad.co.uk | accessdate =3 April 2011 }}</ref> However, on the other hand, Newcastle West End were in serious financial trouble and approached East End with a view to a take over. Newcastle West End were eventually dissolved, and a number of their players and backroom staff joined Newcastle East End, effectively merging the two clubs, with Newcastle East End taking over the lease on St James' Park in May 1892.<ref name=formation /> With only one senior club in the city for fans to support, development of the club was much more rapid. Despite being refused entry to the [[The Football League|Football League's]] [[Football League First Division|First Division]] at the start of the [[1892–93 in English football|1892–93]] season, they were invited to play in their new [[Football League Second Division|Second Division]]. However, with no big names playing in the Second Division, they turned down the offer and remained in the Northern League, stating "gates would not meet the heavy expenses incurred for travelling".<ref name=formation /><ref name=history /> In a bid to start drawing larger crowds, Newcastle East End decided to adopt a new name in recognition of the merger.<ref name=formation /> Suggested names included Newcastle F.C., Newcastle Rangers, Newcastle City and City of Newcastle, but Newcastle United was decided upon on 9 December 1892, to signify the unification of the two teams.<ref name=formation /><ref>{{cite news|first=Simon |last=Turnbull |title=Football: Only one United? Why we are united in our disgust |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19990516/ai_n14232962 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080118070423/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19990516/ai_n14232962 |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 January 2008 |work=The Independent |date=16 May 1999 |accessdate=8 January 2007 }}</ref> The name change was accepted by the Football Association on 22 December, but the club was not legally constituted as Newcastle United Football Club Co. Ltd. until 6 September 1895.<ref name=history /> At the start of the [[1893–94 in English football|1893–94]] season, Newcastle United were once again refused entry to the First Division and so joined the Second Division, along with [[Liverpool F.C.|Liverpool]] and [[Arsenal F.C.|Woolwich Arsenal]].<ref name=formation /> They played their first competitive match in the division that September against Woolwich Arsenal, with a score of 2–2.<ref name=history /> Turnstile numbers were still low, and the incensed club published a statement stating, "The Newcastle public do not deserve to be catered for as far as professional football is concerned". However, eventually figures picked up by [[1895–96 in English football|1895–96]], when 14,000 fans watched the team play [[Bury F.C.|Bury]]. That season [[Frank Watt (football manager)|Frank Watt]] became secretary of the club, and he was instrumental in promotion to the First Division for the [[1898–99 in English football|1898–99]] season. However, they lost their first game 4–2 at home to [[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]] and finished their first season in thirteenth place.<ref name=history /> ===First glory years and war years (1903–1937)=== [[File:FACupFinal1905NewcastleVilla.jpg|thumb|right|Harry Hampton of Aston Villa scores one of his two goals in the 1905 FA Cup final]] In [[1903–04 in English football|1903–04]], the club built up a promising squad of players, and went on to dominate English football for almost a decade, the team known for their "artistic play, combining team-work and quick, short passing". Long after his retirement, [[Peter McWilliam]], the team's [[Defender (association football)|defender]] at the time, said, "The Newcastle team of the 1900s would give any modern side a two goal start and beat them, and further more, beat them at a trot." Newcastle United went on to win the League on three occasions during the 1900s; [[1904–05 Football League|1904–05]], [[1906–07 Football League|1906–07]] and [[1908–09 Football League|1908–09]].<ref name=history /><ref>{{cite news|title=Newcastle United, "Newcastle United Trophy cabinet which has been empty for many a year." |url=http://www.skysports.com/football/venue/0,19753,11065_59,00.html |publisher=Sky Sports |accessdate=18 January 2007 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024143134/http://www.skysports.com/football/venue/0%2C19753%2C11065_59%2C00.html |archivedate=24 October 2007 }}</ref> In 1904–05, they nearly did the double, losing to [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]] in the [[1905 FA Cup Final]]. They were beaten again the following year by [[Everton F.C.|Everton]] in the [[1906 FA Cup Final]]. They reached the final again in [[1908 FA Cup Final|1908]] where they lost to Wolves. They finally won the FA Cup in 1910 when they beat [[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]] in the [[1910 FA Cup Final|final]]. They lost again the following year in the [[1911 FA Cup Final|final]] against [[Bradford City A.F.C.|Bradford City]].<ref name=history /> The team returned to the [[1924 FA Cup Final|FA Cup final in 1924]], in the second final held at the then new [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]]. They defeated [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]], winning the club's second [[FA Cup]].<ref name=history /> Three years later, they won the First Division championship a fourth time in [[1926–27 Football League|1926–27]], with [[Hughie Gallacher]], one of the most prolific goal scorers in the club's history, captaining the team. Other key players in this period were [[Neil Harris (footballer born 1894)|Neil Harris]], [[Stan Seymour]] and [[Frank Hudspeth]]. In 1930, Newcastle United came close to relegation, and at the end of the season Gallacher left the club for [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], and at the same time [[Andy Cunningham (footballer)|Andy Cunningham]] became the club's first team manager. In [[1931–32 Football League|1931–32]], the club won the [[1932 FA Cup Final|FA Cup]] a third time. However, a couple of years later, at the end of the [[1933–34 Football League|1933–34 season]], the team were relegated to the Second Division after 35 seasons in the top. Cunningham left as manager and [[Tom Mather]] took over.<ref name=history /> ===Post-war success (1937–1969)=== The club found it difficult to adjust to the Second Division and were nearly further relegated in the [[1937–38 Football League|1937–38 season]], when they were spared on goal averages. However, when World War II broke in 1939, Newcastle had a chance to regroup, and in the War period, they brought in [[Jackie Milburn]], [[Tommy Walker (footballer, born 1923)|Tommy Walker]] and [[Bobby Cowell]]. They were finally promoted back to the First Division at the end of the [[1947–48 Football League|1947–48 season]].<ref name=history /> During the 1950s, Newcastle won the [[FA Cup]] trophy on three occasions within a five-year period, beating [[Blackpool F.C.|Blackpool]] in [[1951 FA Cup Final|1951]], Arsenal in [[1952 FA Cup Final|1952]], and [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] in [[1955 FA Cup Final|1955]]. However, after this last FA Cup victory the club fell back into decline and were relegated to the Second Division once again at the end of the [[1960–61 in English football|1960–61 season]] under the management of [[Charlie Mitten]]. Mitten left after one season in the Second Division and was replaced by former player [[Joe Harvey]]. Newcastle returned to the First Division at the end of the [[1964–65 in English football|1964–65 season]] after winning the Second Division title.<ref name=history /> Under Harvey, the club qualified for European competition for the first time after a good run in the [[1967–68 in English football|1967–68 season]] and the following year won the [[1969 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup Final]], triumphing 6–2 over two legs against Hungary's [[Újpest FC|Újpest]] in the final.<ref name=history /> ===Bouncing between divisions (1969–1992)=== Harvey bought striker [[Malcolm Macdonald]] in the summer of 1971, for a club record transfer fee of [[Pound sterling|£]]180,000 (worth ₤{{inflation|UK|180000|1971}} in 2016).<ref name=history /><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.supermac.co.uk/playing-style/malcolm-macdonald-his-playing-style/ | title = Malcolm Macdonald: His Playing Style | date = 4 May 2010 | work=www.supermac.co.uk | accessdate =10 May 2011 }}</ref> He was an impressive goal scorer, who led United's attack to Wembley in their [[1974 FA Cup Final]] defeat at the hands of Liverpool.<ref name=history /> The club also had back to back triumphs in the [[Texaco Cup]] in [[1973–74 Football League|1974]] and [[1974–75 Football League|1975]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/texaco-cup/honours |title = English Texaco Cup : Honours |work = statto.com |accessdate = 10 April 2011 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20120519154138/http://www.statto.com/football/stats/england/texaco-cup/honours |archivedate = 19 May 2012 |df = dmy-all }}</ref> Harvey left the club in 1975, with [[Gordon Lee (footballer)|Gordon Lee]] brought in to replace him. Lee took the team to the [[1976 Football League Cup Final]] against [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]], but failed to bring the trophy back to Tyneside. However, he sold Macdonald to Arsenal at the end of the season, a decision of which Macdonald later said "I loved Newcastle, until Gordon Lee took over". Lee left for Everton in 1977, and was replaced by [[Richard Dinnis]].<ref name=history /> United dropped once again to the Second Division at the end of the [[1977–78 in English football|1977–78 season]]. Dinnis was replaced by [[Bill McGarry (footballer)|Bill McGarry]], and then he was replaced by [[Arthur Cox (football)|Arthur Cox]]. Cox steered Newcastle back to the First Division at the end of the [[1983–84 in English football|1983–84 season]], with players such as [[Peter Beardsley]], [[Chris Waddle]] and ex-[[English national football team|England]] captain [[Kevin Keegan]] the fulcrum of the team. However, with a lack of funds, Cox left for [[Derby County F.C.|Derby County]] and Keegan retired. With managers such as [[Jack Charlton]] and then [[Willie McFaul]], Newcastle remained in the top-flight, until key players such as Waddle, Beardsley and [[Paul Gascoigne]] were sold, and the team was relegated once more in [[1988–89 in English football|1989]]. McFaul left the managerial post, and was replaced by [[Jim Smith (footballer)|Jim Smith]]. Smith left at the start of the [[1991–92 in English football|1991–92 season]] and the board appointed [[Osvaldo Ardiles]] his replacement.<ref name=history /> ===Into the Premier League and near-title misses (1992–2006)=== [[File:Kevin Keegan 2.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Kevin Keegan]] (pictured in his second spell in 2008) guided Newcastle to promotion and Champions League football from 1992 to 1997, turning United into one of the biggest clubs in England despite not winning the league]] [[John Hall (businessman)|Sir John Hall]] became the club's chairman in 1992, and replaced Ardiles with Keegan, who managed to save the team from relegation to the Third Division. Keegan was given more money for players, and he brought in [[Rob Lee]], [[Paul Bracewell]] and [[Barry Venison]] and the club won the then [[Football League Championship|First Division Championship]] at the end of the [[1992–93 Newcastle United F.C. season|1992–93 season]], earning promotion to the then new [[Premier League]]. At the end of the [[1993–94 Newcastle United F.C. season|1993–94 season]], their first year back in the top flight they finished in third, their highest league finish since 1927.<ref name=history /> The attacking philosophy of Keegan led to the team being labelled "The Entertainers" by [[Sky Sports]].<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/sport/blog/2010/feb/05/joy-of-six-neutrals-sporting-favourites | title = The Joy of Six: Neutrals' favourites |author=Scott Murray, Barney Ronay and Andy Bull | date = 5 February 2010 |work=The Guardian |location=UK | accessdate =11 April 2011 }}</ref> Keegan took Newcastle to two consecutive runners-up finishes in the league in [[1995–96 in English football|1995–96]] and [[1996–97 in English football|1996–97]], coming very close to winning the title in the former season which included a [[Liverpool F.C. 4–3 Newcastle United F.C. (1996)|4–3 game against Liverpool at Anfield]] – often considered the greatest game in Premier League history – which ended with a defining image of the Premier League with Keegan slumped over the advertising hoarding.<ref>{{cite news |title=Premier League at 25: the best match – Liverpool 4 - 3 Newcastle, April 1996 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2017/jul/25/premier-league-best-match-liverpool-newcastle-april-1996 |work=The Guardian |date=25 July 2017 |accessdate=26 December 2019}}</ref> The success of the team was in part due to the attacking talent of players like [[David Ginola]], [[Les Ferdinand]] and [[Alan Shearer]], who was signed on 30 July 1996 for a then world record fee of £15&nbsp;million. Keegan left Newcastle in January 1997 and was replaced by [[Kenny Dalglish]], however the club endured a largely unsuccessful season with a 13th-place finish in the [[1997–98 FA Premier League]], failure to progress beyond the group stages of the [[1997–98 UEFA Champions League]] despite beating [[FC Barcelona|Barcelona]] and group winners [[FC Dynamo Kiev|Dynamo Kiev]] at [[St James' Park]] as well as coming from 2–0 down to draw 2–2 with [[Valery Lobanovsky]]'s team in [[Ukraine]] and defeat in the [[1998 FA Cup Final]]. Dalglish was replaced as manager early in the following season by [[Ruud Gullit]].<ref name=BBC285>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sport/football/159285.stm | title = Gullit named Newcastle boss | date = 27 August 1998 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =11 April 2011 }}</ref><ref name=modern_era>{{cite web |url = http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/ClubHistory/0,,10278~2108993,00.html |title = The Modern Era at Newcastle United: 1980–2000 |first = P |last = Joannou |work = nufc.co.uk |accessdate = 11 April 2011 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20101205001850/http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/ClubHistory/0,,10278~2108993,00.html |archivedate = 5 December 2010 |df = dmy-all }}</ref> The club once again finished thirteenth in the league and lost the [[1999 FA Cup Final]]. Gullit fell into disagreements with the squad and chairman [[Freddy Shepherd]], and quit the club four games into the [[1999–2000 Newcastle United F.C. season|1999–2000 season]] with the team bottom of the table to be replaced by [[Bobby Robson]].<ref name=modern_era /><ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sport/football/436390.stm | title = Robson takes Newcastle hotseat | date = 3 September 1999 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =11 April 2011 }}</ref> The club managed to reach an FA Cup Semi-final and to stay in the Premier League. [[File:Bobby Robson Cropped.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Sir [[Bobby Robson]] managed the club for five years, departing in 2004]] A title challenge emerged during the [[2001–02 Newcastle United F.C. season|2001–02 season]], and Newcastle's fourth-place finish saw them qualify for the [[UEFA Champions League]]. The following season, Robson guided the team to another title challenge and finished third in the League, and the second group stage of the Champions League,<ref name=robson_home>{{cite web |url = http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/ClubHistory/0,,10278~2109011,00.html |title = Robson Comes Home |first = P |last = Joannou |work = nufc.co.uk |accessdate = 11 April 2011 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20130219052615/http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/ClubHistory/0%2C%2C10278~2109011%2C00.html |archivedate = 19 February 2013 |df = dmy-all }}</ref> after being the first team to have progressed past the first group stage after losing their first three games.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.footiecentral.com/portrait-of-an-iconic-manager-sir-bobby-robson/ |title=Portrait of an iconic manager – Sir Bobby Robson |last=Manazir |first=Wasi |date=1 June 2016 |website=Footie Central &#124; Football Blog}}</ref> Newcastle finished fifth in the league at the end of the [[2003–04 Newcastle United F.C. season|2003–04 season]], and exited the Champions League in the qualifying rounds, but despite this Robson was sacked in August 2004 following a series of disagreements with the club.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.premierleague.com/page/2003/04Season |title=Premier League History&nbsp;– Season 2003/04 |work=Premier League |accessdate=11 April 2011 |url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830172711/http://www.premierleague.com/page/2003/04Season|archivedate=30 August 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/3610042.stm | title = Newcastle force Robson out | date = 30 August 2004 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =11 April 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Newcastle Utd v Celtic - Alan Shearer Testimonial (4).jpg|thumb|230px|[[Alan Shearer]] mosaic during his testimonial match in May 2006. The club's record goalscorer retired that month.]] [[Graeme Souness]] was brought in to manage by the start of the [[2004–05 Newcastle United F.C. season|2004–05 season]]. In his time at the helm, he broke the club's transfer record by signing [[Michael Owen]]. Souness also took the geordies to the quarterfinals of the [[2004-05 UEFA Cup|2005]] [[UEFA Cup]] with Alan Shearer winning the tournament's golden boot as well.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2004/matches/round=1979/match=80610/index.html|title=Shearer lifts determined Newcastle|website=UEFA.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2004/matches/round=1979/match=80611/index.html|title=Sporting stage dramatic comeback|website=UEFA.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uefa.com/uefaeuropaleague/season=2004/statistics/round=1975/players/type=topscorers/index.html |title=Statistics Goals scored Seasons 2004/05|website=UEFA.com}}</ref> However, he was sacked in February 2006 after a bad start to the club's [[2005–06 Newcastle United F.C. season|2005–06 season]].<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/4673804.stm | title = What went wrong for Souness? | first = Chris | last = Bevan | date = 2 February 2006 | work = BBC Sport | accessdate = 12 April 2011 }}</ref> [[Glenn Roeder]] took over, initially on a temporary basis, before being appointed full-time manager at the end of the season.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/4770157.stm | title = Roeder named as Newcastle manager | date = 16 May 2006 | work = BBC Sport | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> Shearer retired at the end of the 2005–06 season as the club's all-time record goal scorer, with a total of 206 goals. ===Sale, relegation and decline (2006–2010)=== Despite finishing the 2005–06 season in seventh, Roeder's fortunes changed in the [[2006–07 Newcastle United F.C. season|2006–07 season]], with a terrible injury run to the senior squad, and he left the club by mutual consent on 6 May 2007.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/6630751.stm | title = Roeder resigns as Newcastle boss | date = 6 May 2007 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> After the 2006–07 season, and inside the Premier League era, Newcastle United were now the fifth most successful Premiership club in terms of points gained.{{sfnp|Bolam|2007|p=7}} [[Sam Allardyce]] was appointed Roeder's replacement as manager on 15 May 2007.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/6654121.stm | title = Newcastle name Allardyce as boss | date = 15 May 2007 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> On 7 June, Freddy Shepherd's final shares in the club were sold to [[Mike Ashley (businessman)|Mike Ashley]] and Shepherd was replaced as chairman by [[Chris Mort]] on 25 July.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6729215.stm | title = Ashley to take over Newcastle Utd | date = 7 June 2007 |work=BBC | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/6914303.stm | title = Mort in for Shepherd at Newcastle | date = 25 July 2007 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> Ashley then announced he would be delisting the club from the [[London Stock Exchange]] upon completion of the takeover.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6758283.stm |title=Ashley boosts stake in Newcastle: July 15, 2007 |publisher=BBC |date=2007-07-15 |accessdate=2019-05-24}}</ref> The club officially ceased trading on the Stock Exchange as of 8{{nbsp}}am on the 18 July 2007 at 5p a share.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/2317256/Newcastle-delisted-from-Stock-Exchange.html |title=Newcastle delisted from Stock Exchange |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=2007-07-18 |accessdate=2019-05-24 |location=London}}</ref> Allardyce departed the club on in January 2008 by mutual consent after a bad start to the [[2007–08 Newcastle United F.C. season|2007–08 season]],<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/7179847.stm | title = Allardyce reign ends at Newcastle | date = 9 January 2008 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> and Kevin Keegan was reappointed as Newcastle manager.<ref>{{cite news | title = Keegan returns as Newcastle boss | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/7192457.stm |work=BBC Sport | date = 16 January 2008 | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> Mort stepped down as chairman in June and was replaced by [[Derek Llambias]], a long-term associate of Ashley.<ref> {{cite news | title = Chris Mort quits as Newcastle chairman, Derek Llambias named managing director | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/newcastle/2303463/Chris-Mort-quits-as-Newcastle-chairman,-Derek-Llambias-named-managing-director.html | work=The Daily Telegraph | accessdate =30 July 2008 | location = London | date = 17 June 2008 }}</ref> Newcastle finished the 2007–08 season in twelfth place, but as the season drew to a close, Keegan publicly criticised the board, stating they were not providing the team enough financial support.<ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/newcastle-united/2698827/War-of-words-continue-at-Newcastle-as-Kevin-Keegan-sticks-to-his-guns.html</ref> In September 2008 Keegan resigned as manager, stating: "It's my opinion that a manager must have the right to manage and that clubs should not impose upon any manager any player that he does not want".<ref name="Keegan resigns as Newcastle boss">{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/7593683.stm | title = Keegan resigns as Newcastle boss | date = 4 September 2008 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> Former [[Wimbledon F.C.|Wimbledon]] manager [[Joe Kinnear]] was appointed as his replacement,<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/football/2008/sep/26/newcastleunited.premierleague | title = Newcastle appoint Kinnear as interim manager | first = Les | last = Roopanarine | date = 26 September 2008 |work=The Guardian |location=UK | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> but in February 2009, due to his heart surgery, Alan Shearer was appointed interim manager in his absence.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/7979500.stm | title = Kinnear 'will resume Magpies job' | date = 2 April 2009 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> Under Shearer, the club were relegated to the [[Football League Championship]] at the end of the [[2008–09 Newcastle United F.C. season|2008–09 season]], the first time the club had left the Premier League since joining it in 1993.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/football/2009/may/24/newcastle-relegation-alan-shearer | title = Alan Shearer demands Newcastle overhaul following relegation | first = Stuart | last = James | date = 24 May 2009 |work=The Guardian |location=UK | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> Following their relegation, the club was put up for sale in June 2009, with an asking price of £100&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/newcastle-united/5483775/Newcastle-up-for-sale-email-your-offers-now.html | title = Newcastle up for sale: email your offers now | first = Emily | last = Benammar | date = 9 June 2009 | work=Daily Telegraph | accessdate =12 April 2011 | location=London }}</ref> [[Chris Hughton]] was given the manager job on a caretaker basis before taking over full-time on 27 October 2009.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/8315175.stm | title = Newcastle confirm Hughton as boss | date = 27 October 2009 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> On the same day, Ashley announced that the club was no longer for sale.<ref name=off_market>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/8329055.stm | title = Ashley takes Newcastle off market | date = 27 October 2011 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> ===Promotion and brief revival (2010–2016)=== [[File:Newcastle United - Championship winners.jpg|thumb|Newcastle made an immediate return to the top-flight in 2010 after their relegation the year prior.]] Hughton led Newcastle to win the [[2009–10 Football League Championship]], securing automatic promotion on 5 April 2010 with five games remaining, and securing the title on 19 April; Newcastle were promoted back to the Premier League after just one season away.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/8603960.stm | work = BBC Sport | title = Newcastle United secure promotion to Premier League | accessdate =7 April 2010 | date = 6 April 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://goal.com/en-us/news/85/england/2010/04/05/1865392/newcastle-united-promoted-back-to-the-premier-league | title = Newcastle United Promoted Back to the Premier League | work=goal.com | date = 5 April 2010 | first = Steve | last = Alexander }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/eng_div_1/8628261.stm | title = Plymouth 0–2 Newcastle | work = BBC Sport | date = 19 April 2010 | accessdate =20 May 2010 }}</ref> Under Hughton, Newcastle enjoyed a strong start to the [[2010–11 Newcastle United F.C. season|2010–11 season]], but he was sacked on 6 December 2010. The club's board stated that they felt "an individual with more managerial experience [was] needed to take the club forward."<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/newcastle-united/8184265/Chris-Hughton-sacked-as-manager-of-Newcastle-United.html | work = The Daily Telegraph | title = Chris Hughton sacked as manager of Newcastle United | accessdate =6 December 2010 | date = 6 December 2010 | location = London | first = Thom | last = Gibbs }}</ref> Three days later, [[Alan Pardew]] was appointed as manager with a five-and-a-half-year contract.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/football/2010/dec/06/peter-beardsley-newcastle-chris-hughton | title = Peter Beardsley named as Newcastle United caretaker manager | last = Pengelly | first = Martin | date = 6 December 2010 | work = The Guardian | accessdate =25 January 2011 | location = London }}</ref> Despite some turbulence, Newcastle were able to finish 12th at the end of the season, with one particular highlight being a 4–4 home draw against [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]] that saw Newcastle come back from four goals down to claim a point.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/eng_prem/9384154.stm | title = Newcastle 4–4 Arsenal | date = 5 February 2011 | work = BBC Sport | accessdate = 31 July 2012 }}</ref> The start of the [[2011–12 Newcastle United F.C. season|2011–12 season]] was very successful as they went on to enjoy one of their strongest openings to a season, playing 11 consecutive games unbeaten.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/15504063|title=Newcastle 2–1 Everton|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref> Newcastle eventually secured a place in the [[2012–13 UEFA Europa League|2012–13 Europa League]] with a fifth-place finish, their highest league position since the [[Bobby Robson]] days. Further honours were to come as Pardew won both the [[Premier League Manager of the Season]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/18042404|title=Alan Pardew and Vincent Kompany's Premier League award|date=11 May 2012|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> and the [[LMA Manager of the Year]] awards. In the following season Newcastle made few acquisitions in the summer and suffered injuries over the season. As a result, the first half of the season was marred by a run of ten losses in 13 games, which saw the club sink near the relegation zone. The Europa League campaign was largely successful with the team making the quarter-finals before bowing out to [[2013 UEFA Europa League Final|eventual finalists]] [[Benfica F.C.|Benfica]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/22023554|title=BBC Sport – Newcastle 1–1 Benfica (agg 2–4)|author=Chris McKenna|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=1 October 2014}}</ref> Domestically, Newcastle struggled, and stayed up after a 2–1 victory over already-relegated [[Queens Park Rangers F.C.|Queens Park Rangers]] on the penultimate game of the season.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/22417786|title=QPR 1–2 Newcastle|date=12 May 2013|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> [[File:Rafael_Benítez.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Last manager [[Rafael Benítez]] was appointed on 11 March 2016]] The [[2014–15 Newcastle United F.C. season|2014–15 season]] saw Newcastle fail to win any of their first seven games, prompting fans to start a campaign to get Pardew sacked as manager before an upturn in form saw them climb to fifth in the table. Pardew left for [[Crystal Palace F.C.|Crystal Palace]] in December.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/30637258|title=Alan Pardew: Crystal Palace confirm manager's appointment|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref> On 26 January 2015, his assistant [[John Carver (footballer)|John Carver]] was put in charge for the remainder of the season but came close to relegation, staying up on the final day with a 2–0 home win against West Ham, with [[Jonás Gutiérrez]], who beat [[testicular cancer]] earlier in the season, scoring the team's second goal.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/32770782|title=Newcastle United 2–0 West Ham United|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref> On 9 June 2015, Carver was sacked and replaced by [[Steve McClaren]] the following day.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/32994477|title=Steve McClaren: Newcastle appoint ex-England manager|work=BBC Sport|accessdate=13 August 2015}}</ref> On 11 March 2016, McClaren was sacked after nine months as manager, with Newcastle in 19th place in the Premier League and the club having won just six of 28 Premier League games during his time at the club.<ref name="bbcmarch11">{{cite news|title=Rafael Benitez: Newcastle United appoint Spaniard as Steve McClaren's successor|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/35784544|accessdate=11 March 2016|work=BBC Sport|date=11 March 2016}}</ref> He was replaced by Spaniard [[Rafael Benítez]] on the same day, who signed a three-year deal,<ref name="bbcmarch11" /> but was not able to prevent the club from being relegated.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Taylor|first1=Daniel|title=Sunderland safe after Lamine Koné double sinks crumbling Everton|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2016/may/11/sunderland-everton-premier-league-match-report|accessdate=12 May 2016|work=The Guardian|date=11 May 2016}}</ref> ===Return to the Premier League (2016–)=== Newcastle returned to the Premier League at the first attempt, winning the Championship title on 7 May 2017 with a 3–0 win against [[Barnsley F.C.|Barnsley]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Newcastle United clinched the Championship title with victory over Barnsley, after Brighton conceded a late equaliser at Aston Villa|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/39760419|accessdate=7 May 2017|work=BBC Sport|date=7 May 2017}}</ref> On 16 October 2017, Mike Ashley put Newcastle United up for sale for a second time.<ref>{{cite news|title=Newcastle United: Mike Ashley puts Premier League club up for sale|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41643718|work=BBC Sport|date=16 October 2017}}</ref> The team finished the season with a 3–0 win over [[2016–17 Premier League|the previous year's champions]] [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]], finishing 10th in the league, their highest finish in four years.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/44020154|title=Newcastle United 3–0 Chelsea|date=13 May 2018|work=BBC Sport|access-date=6 July 2018|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.skysports.com/premier-league-table/2017|title=Premier League (Sky Sports)|website=SkySports|language=en|access-date=6 July 2018}}</ref> The [[2018–19 Newcastle United F.C. season|following season]] saw a 13th-place finish, despite being in the relegation zone in January. As such Ashley came under increased scrutiny for his lack of investment in the squad and apparent focus on other business ventures.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/whats-on/shopping/ashley-fraser-house-cancels-direct-15040683| title= Sports Direct-owned House of Fraser apologises after cancelling all online orders from customers| publisher= The Chronicle | date=2018-08-17| accessdate=2018-08-24}}</ref> Benitez left his position on 30 June 2019 after rejecting a new contract.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/sport/football/news/breaking-rafa-benitez-leaves-newcastle-17129000 |title = Rafa Benitez leaves Newcastle United after failing to agree new contract|date = 24 June 2019}}</ref> On 17 July 2019, former Sunderland boss [[Steve Bruce]] was appointed as manager on a three-year contract.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/jul/17/newcastle-appoint-steve-bruce-manager-rafael-benitez|title=Newcastle appoint Steve Bruce as manager to succeed Rafael Benítez|work=[[The Guardian]]|date=17 July 2019|accessdate=17 July 2019}}</ref> {{Commons|Newcastle United F.C. kits}} ==Colours and badge== {{Football kit box | align = right | pattern_la = | pattern_b = | pattern_ra = | leftarm = FF0000 | body = FF0000 | rightarm = FF0000 | shorts = FFFFFF | socks = FF0000 | title = Newcastle United's original colours, worn until 1894 }} The club's home colours are a black and white striped shirt. Shorts and socks are usually black with white trim, though white socks are sometimes worn under some managers who consider them "lucky".<ref>{{cite web | title = Newcastle United 07/08 adidas away & GK football kits | url = http://www.footballshirtculture.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=400 | publisher=FootballShirtCulture.com | accessdate =10 January 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20071108054746/http://www.footballshirtculture.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=400 | archivedate = 8 November 2007}}</ref> Newcastle's colours at the outset was generally the home kit of [[Newcastle East End F.C.]], comprising plain red shirts with white shorts and red socks. In 1894, the club adopted the black and white striped shirts, which had been used as the reserve team's colours. These colours were chosen for the senior team because they were not associated with either of the two teams United were merged from. They played in grey shorts until 1897, and between 1897 and 1921, they played in blue shorts before adopting the black shorts they play in now.<ref name=formation /><ref name=kits>{{cite news | url = http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Newcastle_United/Newcastle_United.htm | title = Newcastle United | work=HistoricalKits.co.uk | accessdate =8 January 2007 }}</ref> United's away colours have changed a number of times over the years. They played in white shirts and black shorts from 1914 until 1961, and then white shorts until 1966. They then played in yellow shirts and blue shorts for the [[1967–68 in English football|1967–68 season]], but from 1969 to 1974 played in all red with an all blue third kit. In 1974, they returned to a yellow shirt, which they played with various coloured shorts until 1983. They played in all grey from 1983 to 1988, before once again returning to the yellow kit until 1993. Since 1995, the [[away kit]] has changed consistently and has not been the same for more than a single season.<ref name=kits2>{{cite news | url = http://www.kitclassics.co.uk/kits/newcas~1.gif | title = Newcastle United | work=KitClassics.co.uk | accessdate =8 January 2007 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070106111637/http://www.kitclassics.co.uk/kits/newcas~1.gif | archivedate = 6 January 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Newcastle_United/Newcastle_United-change-kits.html | title = Change Kits | work=www.historicalkits.co.uk | accessdate =11 April 2011 }}</ref> Through owner Mike Ashley, the club also has a relationship with the [[Sports Direct]] retail chain which he founded.<ref>{{cite news | last = Finch | first = Julia | title = Flotation makes Sports Direct founder a billionaire | work = The Guardian | location = London | date = 28 February 2007 | accessdate =21 July 2009 | url = http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0,,2022857,00.html }}</ref> On 4 January 2012, [[Virgin Money UK|Virgin Money]], who had just bought Northern Rock, signed a two-year deal to sponsor Newcastle United.<ref name="virginmoney">{{cite web |url=http://uk.virginmoney.com/virgin/news-centre/press-releases/2012/virgin-money-to-sponsor-newcastle-united-football-club.jsp |title=Virgin Money to sponsor Newcastle United Football Club |publisher=Virgin Money |date=4 January 2012 |accessdate=4 January 2012}}</ref> In January 2010, [[Puma AG|Puma]] became the official supplier and licensee of replica merchandise for Newcastle. The deal meant Puma supplied the team kit, replica kit and training equipment for the 2010–11 and 2011–12 seasons.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.footballshirtculture.com/sponsorship/newcastle-united-announce-puma-kit-deal.html | title = Newcastle United Announce Puma Kit Deal | publisher=footballshirtculture.com | date = 19 January 2010 | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref> [[Image:NUFC - Old Crest - Magpie.png|right|thumb|130px|Newcastle United crest: 1983–1988]] [[Image:Newcastle United 125 Years logo.png|right|thumb|130px|Newcastle United special 125 years crest: 2017–2018]] The current club crest was first used in the [[1988–89 Newcastle United F.C. season|1988–89 season]]. The crest includes elements from the [[coat of arms]] of the city of [[Newcastle upon Tyne]]—the two sea horses representing Tyneside's strong connections with the sea, the castle representing the city's [[The Castle, Newcastle|Norman keep]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/ClubCrest | title = Club Crest | work=nufc.co.uk | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> The city's coat of arms were first embroidered on the team's shirts in 1969 and worn as standard until 1976.<ref name=kits /> A scroll at the bottom featured the city's motto in Latin; ''fortiter defendit triumphans'' which translates into English as "triumphing by brave defence."<ref>{{cite web | title = The Coat of Arms of the City of Newcastle upon Tyne | url = http://www.newcastle.gov.uk/your-council/lord-mayor/coat-arms-city-newcastle-upon-tyne | publisher=www.newcastle.gov.uk | accessdate =12 April 2011 }}</ref> From 1976 until 1983, the club wore a specific badge which was developed to wear in place of the city's coat of arms. The design was of a circular shape, which featured the club's name in full, it contained a magpie standing in front of the [[River Tyne]] with the historic Norman castle of Newcastle in the background.<ref name=welt>{{cite web | title = Newcastle United | url = http://www.weltfussballarchiv.com/Vereinsprofilnew.php?ID=4179 | publisher=WeltFussballArchiv.com | accessdate =10 January 2008 }}</ref> A more simplistic design followed in 1983, featuring the initials of the club's name, NUFC with the small magpie used in the previous crest within the horizontally laid "C," this logo was relatively short lived and was discontinued after 1988.<ref name=welt/> [[File:Newcastle_United_FC_Home_Kit_2017-18.jpg|upright|thumb|left|Newcastle United home shirt for the [[2017-18 Premier League|2017–18 season]]]] On 16 May 2013, Newcastle released the away shirt for the 2013–14 season which for the first time featured the [[Wonga.com]] logo, which attracted criticism from many Newcastle supporters; the shirt was navy blue with light blue bands. The shirt received mixed reviews from Newcastle supporters, who described the shirt as both "awesome" and "bland", as quoted in the Newcastle daily ''[[Evening Chronicle]]''.<ref name="Newcastle evening chronicle">{{cite news |url=http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/fans-give-verdict-newcastle-uniteds-3859540 |title=Fans give their verdict on Newcastle United's new away kit |work=Newcastle Evening Chronicle |date=4 January 2012 |accessdate=4 January 2012}}</ref> In July 2013, Newcastle striker and practising Muslim [[Papiss Cissé]] refused to wear any official kit or training wear with reference to Wonga.com, subsequently failing to travel to the team's 2013 pre-season tour of Portugal.{{citation needed|date=June 2019}} The matter was later resolved.<ref>{{cite news|last=Smith |first=Ben |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/23455637 |title=Papiss Cisse and Newcastle resolve shirt sponsor dispute |work=BBC Sport |date=25 July 2013 |accessdate=4 February 2014}}</ref> On 15 May 2017, the home shirt for the 2017–18 season was revealed, featuring the logo of new sponsors Fun88. The shirt was shown to include a gold and silver commemorative crest to mark the club's 125th football season, based on the city's coat of arms. It was also announced that the kit would feature red numbers for the first time since the 1992–93 season.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nufc.co.uk/news/latest-news/new-kit-a-closer-look |title=Newcastle United – New kit: A closer look |work=nufc.co.uk |date=14 June 2017 |accessdate=21 October 2018}}</ref> Previous kit sponsors include [[Scottish & Newcastle|Newcastle Breweries]] (1980–86), [[De Vere Group|Greenall's Beers]] (1986–90), [[McEwan's|McEwan's Lager]] and [[Newcastle Brown Ale]] (1990–2000), [[NTL Incorporated|NTL]] (2000–03), [[Northern Rock]] (2003–12), and [[Virgin Money]] (2012–13). Newcastle's current kit manufacturers are [[Puma SE|Puma]], in a deal that started in 2010. Previous kit manufacturers include [[Bukta]] (1974–75, 1976–80), [[Umbro]] (1975–76, 1980–86), [[ASICS Corporation|Asics]] (1993–95) and [[Adidas]] (1995–2010). Other current team sponsors include Fun88, [[Carling]], [[Coral]], [[Volkswagen|Pulman]], [[Thomas Cook Group]] and [[Stelrad]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nufc.co.uk/club/club-partners/|title=Club partners|website=NUFC.co.uk|access-date=20 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320233229/https://www.nufc.co.uk/club/club-partners/|archive-date=20 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.footballshirtculture.com/History/a-christmas-football-shirt-storie.html|title=A shirty Christmas with Bukta|website=Football Shirt Culture.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Newcastle_United/Newcastle_United.htm|title=Kit History|website=Historical Kits.co.uk}}</ref> Newcastle United named Indian tyre conglomerate Madras Rubber Factory Limited – more commonly known as MRF – as the club's new shirt sleeve sponsor for the 2017/18 Premier League season. ==Stadium== {{Main|St James' Park}} [[File:NUFC av attendances.jpg|thumb|Newcastle finished as the Football League's best supported club on ten occasions. NUFC were the first club in the world to attract over one million for league games (1946–47) and average over 50,000 for league games (1947–48; 56,283).]] Throughout Newcastle United's history, their home venue has been St James' Park, the oldest and largest football stadium in North East England, as well as the sixth-largest football stadium in the United Kingdom.<ref name=olympic>{{cite web |url = http://www.london2012.com/games/venues/st-james-park.php |title = sports direct arena |format = PHP |accessdate = 13 April 2011 |url-status = dead |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110713232040/http://www.london2012.com/games/venues/st-james-park.php |archivedate = 13 July 2011 |df = dmy-all }}</ref> It has hosted ten international football matches at senior level, the first in 1901 and the most recent in 2005.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.englandfootballonline.com/MatchRsl/MatchRsl1900.html | title = England's Matches 1900–1914 | work=englandfootballonline.com | accessdate =13 April 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.englandfootballonline.com/seas2000-10/2004-05/M0826Aze2005.html | title = England 2 Azerbaijan 0 | work=englandfootballonline.com | accessdate =13 April 2011 }}</ref> It was used as a venue for both the [[2012 Summer Olympics]] and the [[2015 Rugby World Cup]].<ref name=olympic /><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/news/4516330.Newcastle_s_St_James__Park_to_be_Rugby_World_Cup_venue/ | title = Newcastle's St James' Park to be Rugby World Cup venue | first = Andrew | last = White | date = 28 July 2009 | work=[[The Northern Echo]] | accessdate =13 April 2011 }}</ref> Football had been played at St James' Park as early as 1880, the ground being occupied by Newcastle Rangers, before becoming the home of [[Newcastle West End F.C.]] in 1886. Its lease was then bought by [[Newcastle East End F.C.]] in 1892, before they changed their name to Newcastle United. At the turn of the 19th century, the ground's capacity was given as 30,000 before being redeveloped between 1900 and 1905, increasing the capacity to 60,000 and making it the biggest stadium in England for a time. For most of the 20th century, the stadium changed very little, despite various plans for development of the ground. The old West Stand was replaced with the Milburn Stand in 1987, the Sir John Hall Stand replacing the Leazes End in 1993, and the rest of the ground renovated making the ground a 37,000 capacity [[all-seater stadium]]. Between 1998 and 2000, double tiers were added to the Milburn and John Hall stands to bring the venue up to its current capacity of 52,354. There were plans to build a new 90,000 seater stadium in Leazes park, just behind St James' with Newcastle Falcons taking over St James' Park, but due to protests the plans were dropped. St James' Park currently seats 52,354 people, but club owner [[Mike Ashley (businessman)|Mike Ashley]] would consider taking the roof off The Gallowgate end and adding another 6,000 seats making the total capacity to 58,420, but only if the team manage to finish in the top six places of the Premier League.<ref name=formation /><ref name=st_james>{{cite web|title=The Sports Direct Arena Story |work=nufc.co.uk |url=http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/SportsDirectArena |accessdate=13 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113184643/http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/SportsDirectArena |archivedate=13 November 2011 }}</ref> In October 2009, Mike Ashley announced that he planned to lease the name of the ground in a bid to increase revenue, and in November the stadium was temporarily renamed sportsdirect.com @ St James' Park Stadium.<ref name=off_market /><ref name=direct>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/8342406.stm | title = Newcastle reveal new stadium name |work=BBC Sport | date = 4 November 2009 | accessdate =4 November 2009 | location = London }}</ref> This name was only supposed to be used until the end of the [[2009–10 Newcastle United F.C. season|2009–10 season]], but lasted until November 2011.<ref name=direct /><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.mirrorfootball.co.uk/news/Newcastle-owner-Mike-Ashley-has-spent-a-staggering-285-8million-on-the-club-so-far-it-can-be-revealed-today-article718115.html | title = Newcastle 'have cost Ashley £285.8m so far' | first = Simon | last = Bird | date = 29 March 2011 | work=Daily Mirror |location=UK | accessdate =13 April 2011 }}</ref> On 10 November 2011, the club officially changed the name of the stadium to the Sports Direct Arena, although this was an interim name to showcase the sponsorship capabilities of the stadium. The company, owned by Ashley, were not paying anything for the deal.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/newcastle-united/8882563/Newcastle-United-insist-Sports-Direct-Arena-name-change-is-essential-to-help-pay-for-new-striker.html | title = Newcastle United insist Sports Direct Arena name change is essential to help pay for new striker | work = The Daily Telegraph | date = 10 November 2011 | accessdate = 16 November 2011 | first=Luke | last=Edwards | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.skysports.com/skysportsnews/story/0,28679,19494_7301431,00.html | title = Magpies&nbsp;– We need the money | publisher = Sky Sports News | date = 10 November 2011 | accessdate = 16 November 2011}}</ref> On 9 October 2012, [[payday loan]] company [[Wonga.com]] became Newcastle United's main commercial sponsor and purchased the stadium naming rights but restored the St James' Park name.<ref>{{cite web|title=Newcastle United sponsorship deal with Wonga sees stadium becoming St James' Park again|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/teams/newcastle-united/9596399/Newcastle-United-sponsorship-deal-with-Wonga-sees-stadium-becoming-St-James-Park-again.html|publisher=Telegraph|accessdate=9 October 2012}}</ref> Since 1982, the stadium is served by [[St James Metro station]] on the [[Tyne and Wear Metro]]. The station is decorated in a black and white colour scheme, with archive photographs of the club's players.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.thetrams.co.uk/tyneandwear/stations/St._James | title = St. James | work=thetrams.co.uk | accessdate =10 May 2011 }}</ref> The club's current training ground is located at [[Darsley Park]], which is north of the city at [[Benton, Newcastle upon Tyne|Benton]]. The facility was opened in July 2003 and is also used by the [[Newcastle Falcons]] rugby team.<ref name=ground_news>{{cite web | url = http://www.nufc.com/html/2005-06html/ground.html | title = Ground News | date = 24 June 2009 | work=nufc.com | accessdate =13 April 2011 }}</ref> {{wide image|StJamesParkPanorama.jpg|1000px|align-cap=center|A panorama of St James' Park from the Milburn Stand, showing from left to right the Sir John Hall Stand, the East Stand and the Gallowgate End}} ==Ownership== Newcastle United was set up as a [[private company limited by shares]] on 6 September 1895.<ref name=history /> The club traded in this way for much of the 20th century, dominated by McKeag, Westwood and Seymour family ownership,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=80OIAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT23&dq=McKeag+seymour+and+westwood+families#v=onepage&q=McKeag%20seymour%20and%20westwood%20families&f=false|title=Newcastle United: The Day the Promises Had to Stop|first= Denis |last=Cassidy|publisher=Amberley Publishing|year=2012|isbn=978-1445609034}}</ref> until April 1997, when [[John Hall (businessman)|John Hall]], who bought 72.9% of the club for £3&nbsp;million in 1991, floated the club on the stock exchange as a [[public limited company]], with less than half the shares sold to the Hall family and the majority holding going to his business partner [[Freddy Shepherd]]. Later that year, Hall stepped down as chairman and was replaced by Shepherd, with the Hall family represented on the board by John's son Douglas.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/football/2006/feb/08/newsstory.sport8 | title = How the Geordie Nation turned into a cash cow | first = David | last = Conn | date = 8 February 2006 |work=The Guardian |location=UK | accessdate =13 April 2011 }}</ref> In December 1998, after buying a 6.3% stake in the club for £10&nbsp;million, the media group [[Virgin Media|NTL]] had considered a full takeover of the club. This was later dropped after the [[Competition Commission]], established in April 1999, expressed concerns about football clubs being owned by media companies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ukbusinesspark.co.uk/ned66412.htm |title=Newcastle United |work=ukbusinesspark.co.uk |accessdate=5 August 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080222023947/http://www.ukbusinesspark.co.uk/ned66412.htm |archivedate=22 February 2008 }}</ref> [[File:AshleyOut2015.JPG|thumb|upright|Newcastle fans show "Mike Ashley Out" cards away to QPR, May 2015]] In 2007, businessman [[Mike Ashley (businessman)|Mike Ashley]] purchased the combined stakes of both Douglas and John Hall, 41% share in the club, through a holding company [[St James Holdings]], with a view to buy the rest.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=a7JILUkOGnFc&refer=uk |title=Ashley, Retail Billionaire, Offers to Buy Newcastle |first=Ravi |last=Ubha |date=23 May 2007 |publisher=Bloomberg |accessdate=13 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105040821/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=a7JILUkOGnFc&refer=uk |archivedate=5 November 2012 }}</ref> Upon purchasing this share, he appointed [[Chris Mort]] as chairman, while gaining more shares, owning 93.19% of the club by 29 June 2007.<ref>{{cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/football/2007/jun/29/newsstory.sport8 | title = Ashley tightens grip on Magpies | date = 29 June 2007 |work=The Guardian |location=UK | accessdate =13 April 2011 }}</ref> This figure reached 95% on 11 July 2007, forcing the remaining shareholders to sell their shares.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/article2058413.ece | title = Ashley poised to complete Newcastle buy-out | date = 11 July 2007 |work=The Times |location=UK | accessdate =13 April 2011 }}</ref> Since completing the purchase of the club, Ashley has announced that he planned to sell the club on three different occasions. The first occurred after fan protests over the resignation of [[Kevin Keegan]] on 14 September 2008, when Ashley stated, "I have listened to you. You want me out. That is what I am now trying to do."<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/7615618.stm | title = Ashley puts Newcastle up for sale | date = 14 September 2008 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =13 April 2011 }}</ref> However, he took it off the market on 28 December 2008 after being unable to find a buyer.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/7801792.stm | title = Ashley calls off Newcastle sale | date = 28 December 2008 |work=BBC Sport | accessdate =28 December 2008 }}</ref> On 31 May 2009, it was reported that Ashley was attempting to sell the club again.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/n/newcastle_united/8075713.stm | title = Ashley wants quick Newcastle sale |work=BBC Sport | date = 31 May 2009 | accessdate =1 June 2009 | location = London }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/north-east-news/todays-evening-chronicle/2009/06/01/mike-ashley-puts-newcastle-united-up-for-sale-again-72703-23760895/ |title=Mike Ashley puts Newcastle United up for sale again |newspaper=[[Evening Chronicle]] |date=1 June 2009 |accessdate=1 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090605162423/http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/north-east-news/todays-evening-chronicle/2009/06/01/mike-ashley-puts-newcastle-united-up-for-sale-again-72703-23760895/ |archivedate=5 June 2009 }}</ref> On 8 June 2009, Ashley confirmed that the club was up for sale at an asking price of £100&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news | url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/football_league/article6456878.ece | title = Mike Ashley brings more embarrassment on Newcastle | first = George | last = Caulkin | date = 8 June 2009 |work=The Times |location=UK | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref> By the end of August 2009, the club was back off the market.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.thenorthernecho.co.uk/sport/4561352.Is_Ashley_ready_to_make_a_definitive_decision_/ | title = Is Ashley ready to make a definitive decision? | first = Andy | last = Richardson | date = 24 August 2009 | work=[[The Northern Echo]] | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref> On 16 October 2017, Newcastle United announced that Ashley had once again put the club up for sale, reporting that he hoped that a deal could be concluded by Christmas 2017.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/41643718|title=Newcastle United: Mike Ashley puts Premier League club up for sale|date=16 October 2017|work=BBC Sport|access-date=16 October 2017|language=en-GB}}</ref> ==Social responsibility== Newcastle United established the Newcastle United Foundation in summer 2008, which seeks to encourage learning and promote healthy living amongst disadvantaged children, young people and families in the North East region, as well as promoting equality and diversity.<ref name=hails_success>{{cite web | url = http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/north-east-news/evening-chronicle-news/2011/02/18/newcastle-united-foundation-hails-success-72703-28193550/ | title = Newcastle United Foundation hails success | first = James | last = Moore | date = 18 February 2011 | work=[[Evening Chronicle]] | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Foundation/Home |title=Foundation |work=nufc.co.uk |accessdate=14 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408073910/http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Foundation/Home |archivedate=8 April 2011 }}</ref> The Foundation's manager Kate Bradley told charity news website The Third Sector, "Children look up to players as their heroes, and anything they say is instantly taken on board. If Newcastle defender Steven Taylor tells them not to eat a Mars bar for breakfast, they'll listen."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thirdsector.co.uk/news/Article/1022132/Premier-League-football-clubs-give-charity/ |title=How much do Premier League football clubs give to charity? |date=16 August 2010 |work=thirdsector.co.uk |accessdate=14 April 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615143034/http://www.thirdsector.co.uk/news/Article/1022132/Premier-League-football-clubs-give-charity/ |archivedate=15 June 2013 }}</ref> In 2010, the charity taught over 5,000 children about healthy living.<ref name=hails_success /> The Foundation's commitment, along with a similar foundation run by [[West Bromwich Albion F.C.|West Bromwich Albion]], the unique relationship that [[Aston Villa F.C.|Aston Villa]] has with [[Acorns Children's Hospice]] and [[Tottenham Hotspur F.C.|Tottenham Hotspur]] has with [[SOS Children's Villages UK]], are some leading examples of commitment in the highest level of football to responsibility and change in the communities in which they work and who enrich them through their support and ticket sales. The work of these clubs, and others, is changing the way professional sport interacts with their communities and supporters.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://bleacherreport.com/articles/26938-english-premier-league-aston-villa-unveil-charity-sponsorship-deal | title = English Premier League: Aston Villa Unveil Charity Sponsorship Deal | first = Shyam | last = Parthasarathi | date = 3 June 2008 | work=bleacherreport.com | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://cultureofsoccer.com/2006/12/29/soccer-players-and-charity-works/ | title = Soccer Players and Charity Works | date = 29 December 2006 | work=cultureofsoccer.com | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref> In December 2012, the club announced that it had become the world's first carbon positive football club.<ref>{{cite web|title=fcbusiness Magazine – Newcastle United Becomes World's First 'Carbon Positive' Football Club|url=http://fcbusiness.co.uk/news/article/newsitem=2166/title=newcastle+united+becomes+world%92s+first+%91carbon+positive%92+football+club|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130420204215/http://fcbusiness.co.uk/news/article/newsitem=2166/title=newcastle+united+becomes+world%92s+first+%91carbon+positive%92+football+club|url-status=dead|archive-date=20 April 2013|accessdate=5 December 2012|date=5 December 2012}}</ref> ==Supporters and rivalries== [[Image:Newcastle United v Zulte Waragem, 2007 (2).JPG|thumb|230px|Supporters at St. James' Park]] {{See also|Tyne–Wear derby|Tyne–Tees derby}} Supporters of Newcastle United are drawn from all over the [[North East England|North East]] and beyond, with supporters' clubs in some countries across the world.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.thefootballnetwork.net/main/s70/st87767.htm | title = Newcastle Supporters Club Sites | work=thefootballnetwork.net | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref> The club's nickname is 'The Magpies', while the club's supporters are also known as the ''[[Geordies]]'' or the ''Toon Army''. The name ''Toon'' originates from the Geordie pronunciation of town.<ref>{{cite web | title = Geordie Dictionary | work=englandsnortheast.co.uk | url = http://www.englandsnortheast.co.uk/GeordieDictionary.html | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title = Newcastle top of the league when it comes to dedication of fans | work=The Times | first = Nick | last = Szczepanik | url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/sport/football/premier_league/newcastle/article2532295.ece | date = 26 September 2007 | accessdate =28 September 2007 | location = London }}</ref> In a 2004 survey by [[Co-operative Financial Services]], it was found that Newcastle United topped the league table for the cost incurred and distance travelled by Newcastle-based fans wishing to travel to every Premier League away game. The total distance travelled for a fan to attend every away game from Newcastle was found to be equivalent to a round-the-world trip.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/cgi/news/release?id=134995 | title = Football Fans Pay the Price of Away Support | date = 23 November 2004 | work=PR Newswire | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref> In the [[2009–10 Newcastle United F.C. season|2009–10 season]], when the club were playing in English football's second tier, the [[Football League Championship]], the average attendance at St James' Park was 43,388, the fourth-highest for an English club that season.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nufcblog.com/2010/05/17/newcastles-home-attendance-4th-best-in-england/ | title = Newcastle's Home Attendance 4th Best in England | first = Ed | last = Harrison | date = 17 May 2010 | work=nufcblog.com | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref> At the end of the 2011–12 Premier league season, Newcastle United held the third-highest average attendance for the season, at 49,935.<ref name="Average">{{cite web|url=http://soccernet.espn.go.com/stats/attendance/_/league/eng.1/year/2011/barclays-premier-league?cc=5739 |title=English Premier League Team Attendance Statistics – 2011–12 – ESPN FC |publisher=Soccernet.espn.go.com |date=13 May 2012 |accessdate=4 February 2014}}</ref> This figure was only surpassed by [[Arsenal F.C.|Arsenal]] and [[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]], the only two clubs in the Premier League with larger stadiums at the time.<ref name="Average"/> In 2015, some Newcastle fans boycotted games in protest of club management by [[Mike Ashley (businessman)|Mike Ashley]], and they were supported by famous club fans like [[Sting (singer)|Sting]] and [[Jimmy Nail]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.itv.com/news/tyne-tees/2015-04-24/sting-and-jimmy-nail-support-newcastle-united-boycott/ |title = Sting and Jimmy Nail support Newcastle United boycott}}</ref><ref name="metro.co.uk">{{Cite web | url=https://metro.co.uk/2015/04/25/sting-and-jimmy-nail-join-newcastle-united-fans-in-showing-their-support-to-protesting-toon-army-about-mike-ashley-5166213/ |title = Celeb Toon fans join protest against Ashley|date = 25 April 2015}}</ref> The club's supporters publish a number of [[fanzine]]s including ''True Faith'' and ''The Mag'', along with NUFC.com, which was established in 1996. They set up [[Newcastle United Supporters Trust]] in September 2008, aiming to "represent the broad church of Newcastle United's support."<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/north-east-news/evening-chronicle-news/tm_headline=new-supporters-club-to-give-fans-a-voice&method=full&objectid=21820259&siteid=72703-name_page.html | title = New supporters club to give fans a voice | first = Lee | last = Ryder | date = 15 September 2008 | work=[[Evening Chronicle]] | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref> In addition to the usual English [[football chant]]s, Newcastle's supporters sing the traditional Tyneside song "[[Blaydon Races]]."<ref>{{cite web | title = Blaydon Races | work=terracechants.me.uk | url = http://terracechants.me.uk/tune/chants/Blaydon+Races | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.fanchants.com/football-songs/newcastle_united-chants/comin-home-newcastle/ | title = Listen to Comin' Home Newcastle football chant | work=fanchants.com | accessdate =14 April 2011 }}</ref> Prior to each home game the team enters the field to "[[Local Hero (album)|Local Hero]]", written by Newcastle native and supporter [[Mark Knopfler]], founder of [[Dire Straits]].<ref name="Hero"/> Traditionally, Newcastle's main rivals are [[Sunderland A.F.C.|Sunderland]], against whom the [[Tyne–Wear derby]] is competed.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.thejournal.co.uk/news/north-east-news/knopfler-wants-return-local-hero-4516517 |title = Knopfler wants the return of Local Hero - the Journal}}</ref> Also, in 1998, [[The Police]] founder and Newcastle fan [[Sting (singer)|Sting]] wrote a song in support of Newcastle, called “Black and White Army (Bringing The Pride Back Home)”.<ref name="metro.co.uk"/> Around 1982, [[Brian Johnson]], frontman of [[AC/DC]] and famous Newcastle fan, was sought after to invest money in the club and become an honorary board member, but due to it not having real decision making power, Johnson wrote it off as a "scam"<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.tribalfootball.com/articles/forget-ashley-acdc-frontman-brian-johnson-almost-bought-newcastle-3680601#popup-sso | title=Forget Ashley! AC/DC frontman Brian Johnson almost bought Newcastle! - Tribal Football}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/back-black-white-how-brian-14106915 | title=How AC/DC's Brian Johnson nearly completed a Newcastle United takeover| date=21 January 2019}}</ref> ==Statistics== {{Main|List of Newcastle United F.C. records and statistics}} [[File:Statue Shearer Newcastle Tyne 4.jpg|thumb|upright|The statue of Newcastle's record goalscorer [[Alan Shearer]], outside [[St James' Park]]]] As of the 2018–19 season, Newcastle United have spent 87 seasons in the top-flight. They are eighth in the [[Premier League records and statistics#All-time Premier League table|all-time Premier League table]] and have the ninth-highest total of major honours won by an English club with 11 wins.<ref name=trophy>{{cite web|url=http://www.krysstal.com/trophies.html|title= Football : Running Total of Trophies|work=Kryss Tal|accessdate=2 April 2011}}</ref> The holder of the record for the most appearances is [[Jimmy Lawrence]], having made 496 first team appearances between 1904 and 1921.<ref name=clubrecords>{{cite web|url=http://www.nufc.co.uk/page/Club/History/Records|title=Club Records|work=nufc.co.uk|accessdate=15 April 2011}}</ref> The club's top goal scorer is [[Alan Shearer]], who scored 206 goals in all competitions between 1996 and 2006.<ref name="shearer">{{cite web|url=http://www.soccerbase.com/players_details.sd?playerid=7218|title= Player profiles: Alan Shearer|work=Racing Post|accessdate= 8 July 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090122140458/http://www.soccerbase.com/players_details.sd?playerid=7218|archive-date = 22 January 2009|url-status= dead|df= dmy-all}}</ref> [[Andy Cole]] holds the record for the most goals scored in a season: 41 in the [[1993–94 Newcastle United F.C. season|1993–94]] season in the Premier League.<ref name=clubrecords /> [[Shay Given]] is the most capped international for the club, with 134 appearances for [[Republic of Ireland national football team|Republic of Ireland]].<ref name=clubrecords /> The club's widest victory margin in the league was in the 13–0 win against [[Newport County A.F.C.|Newport County]] in the Second Division in 1946. Their heaviest defeat in the league was 9–0 against [[Burton Wanderers F.C.|Burton Wanderers]] in the Second Division in 1895.<ref name=clubrecords /> The club's longest number of consecutive seasons in the top flight of English football was 36 from 1898–99 until 1933–34. Newcastle's record home attendance is 68,386 for a First Division match against [[Chelsea F.C.|Chelsea]] on 3 September 1930.<ref name=clubrecords /> The club's highest attendance in the Premier League is 52,389, in a match against [[Manchester City F.C.|Manchester City]] on 6 May 2012. Newcastle lost the game 2–0.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/football/17885333|title=Newcastle 0 – 2 Man City|author=Ben Smith|date=6 May 2012|work=BBC Sport}}</ref> The highest transfer fee received for a Newcastle player is £35&nbsp;million, from Liverpool for [[Andy Carroll]] in January 2011,<ref name=carroll>{{cite web |url=http://www.premierleague.com/page/Headlines/0,,12306~2281504,00.html |title=Carroll joins Liverpool |publisher=The Premier League |accessdate=1 February 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110202172703/http://www.premierleague.com/page/Headlines/0%2C%2C12306~2281504%2C00.html |archivedate= 2 February 2011 }}</ref> while the most spent by the club on a player was £21&nbsp;million, for [[Miguel Almirón]] from [[Atlanta United FC|Atlanta United]] in January 2019,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/jan/31/newcastle-break-club-transfer-record-sign-miguel-almiron-atlanta-united-fc-transfer-window-football|title=Newcastle break club record to sign £21m Miguel Almirón from Atlanta|work=The Guardian|first=Louise|last=Taylor|date=31 January 2019|accessdate=1 February 2019}}</ref> until the figure was exceeded by the transfer of [[Joelinton]] from [[TSG 1899 Hoffenheim]] in July 2019, believed to be in the region of £40 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/football/2019/jul/23/newcastle-united-sign-joelinton-club-record-hoffenheim-brazil|title=Newcastle United sign Hoffenheim forward Joelinton for club-record fee|work=The Guardian|first=Niall|last=McVeigh|date=23 July 2019|accessdate=11 October 2019}}</ref> ==Honours== ''Source''<ref name=Newcastle>{{cite web|url=https://www.nufc.co.uk/club/history/honours-and-records/|title=Honours and Records|website=NUFC.co.uk}}</ref> ===Domestic=== '''[[Football League First Division]]''' *'''Winners''' (4): [[1904–05 Football League#First Division|1904–05]], [[1906–07 Football League#First Division|1906–07]], [[1908–09 Football League#First Division|1908–09]], [[1926–27 Football League#First Division|1926–27]] '''[[Football League Championship|Second Division / Championship]]''' *'''Winners''' (4): [[1964–65 Football League#Second Division|1964–65]], [[1992–93 Football League#Football League Division One|1992–93]], [[2009–10 Football League#Championship|2009–10]], [[2016–17 English Football League#Sky Bet Championship|2016–17]] '''[[FA Cup]]''' *'''Winners''' (6): [[1910 FA Cup Final|1909–10]], [[1924 FA Cup Final|1923–24]], [[1932 FA Cup Final|1931–32]], [[1951 FA Cup Final|1950–51]], [[1952 FA Cup Final|1951–52]], [[1955 FA Cup Final|1954–55]] '''[[FA Community Shield|FA Charity Shield]]''' *'''Winners''' (1): [[1909 FA Charity Shield|1909]] '''[[Sheriff of London Charity Shield]]''' *'''Winners''' (1): [[Sheriff of London Charity Shield#List of champions|1906–07]] ===European=== '''[[Inter-Cities Fairs Cup]]''' *'''Winners''' (1): [[1969 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup Final|1968–69]] '''[[UEFA Intertoto Cup]]''' *'''Winners''' (1): [[2006 UEFA Intertoto Cup|2006]] {{small|(Outright Winner)}} ===Other honours=== '''[[Texaco Cup]]''' *'''Winners''' (2): [[1973–74 Texaco Cup|1973–74]], [[1974–75 Texaco Cup|1974–75]] '''[[Anglo-Italian Cup]]''' *'''Winners''' (1): [[1973 Anglo-Italian Cup|1973]] ==Players== ===First team=== The current Newcastle United first-team squad consist of the following players:<ref>{{cite web |title=First Team|url=https://www.nufc.co.uk/teams/first-team/|website=nufc.co.uk|accessdate=22 August 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite press release | url=https://www.nufc.co.uk/news/latest-news/newcastle-united-name-25-man-squad-and-numbers-for-201920-premier-league-campaign | title=Newcastle United name 25-man squad and numbers for 2019/20 Premier League campaign | publisher=Newcastle United F.C. | date=9 August 2019 | accessdate=9 August 2019}}</ref>{{updated|31 January 2020}} {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no= 1|nat=SVK|pos=GK|name=[[Martin Dúbravka]]}} {{Fs player|no= 2|nat=IRL|pos=DF|name=[[Ciaran Clark]]}} {{Fs player|no= 3|nat=WAL|pos=DF|name=[[Paul Dummett]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|3rd captain]]}} {{Fs player|no= 5|nat=SUI|pos=DF|name=[[Fabian Schär]]}} {{Fs player|no= 6|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Jamaal Lascelles]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|captain]]}} {{Fs player|no= 7|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Andy Carroll]]}} {{Fs player|no= 8|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Jonjo Shelvey]]|other=[[Captain (association football)|vice-captain]]}} {{Fs player|no= 9|nat=BRA|pos=FW|name=[[Joelinton]]}} {{Fs player|no=10|nat=FRA|pos=MF|name=[[Allan Saint-Maximin]]}} {{Fs player|no=11|nat=SCO|pos=MF|name=[[Matt Ritchie]]}} {{Fs player|no=12|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Dwight Gayle]]}} {{Fs player|no=13|nat=JPN|pos=FW|name=[[Yoshinori Muto]]}} {{Fs player|no=14|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Isaac Hayden]]}} {{Fs player|no=15|nat=NED|pos=DF|name=[[Jetro Willems]]|other=<small>on loan from [[Eintracht Frankfurt]]}} {{Fs player|no=17|nat=SWE|pos=DF|name=[[Emil Krafth]]}} {{Fs player|no=18|nat=ARG|pos=DF|name=[[Federico Fernández (footballer)|Federico Fernández]]}} {{Fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=19|nat=ESP|pos=DF|name=[[Javier Manquillo]]}} {{Fs player|no=20|nat=FRA|pos=DF|name=[[Florian Lejeune]]}} {{Fs player|no=21|nat=IRE|pos=GK|name=[[Rob Elliot]]}} {{Fs player|no=22|nat=USA|pos=DF|name=[[DeAndre Yedlin]]}} {{Fs player|no=23|nat=AUT|pos=MF|name=[[Valentino Lazaro]]|other=<small>on loan from [[Inter Milan]]}} {{Fs player|no=24|nat=PAR|pos=MF|name=[[Miguel Almirón]]}} {{Fs player|no=25|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Jamie Sterry]]}} {{Fs player|no=26|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=[[Karl Darlow]]}} {{Fs player|no=27|nat=SEN|pos=MF|name=[[Henri Saivet]]}} {{Fs player|no=28|nat=ENG|pos=DF|name=[[Danny Rose (footballer, born 1990)|Danny Rose]]|other=<small>on loan from [[Tottenham Hotspur F.C.|Tottenham Hotspur]]}} {{Fs player|no=30|nat=GHA|pos=MF|name=[[Christian Atsu]]}} {{Fs player|no=36|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Sean Longstaff]]}} {{Fs player|no=42|nat=ALG|pos=MF|name=[[Nabil Bentaleb]]|other=<small>on loan from [[FC Schalke 04|Schalke 04]]}} {{Fs player|no=43|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Matty Longstaff]]}} {{Fs Player|no=47|nat=DNK|pos=FW|name=[[Elias Sørensen]]{{efn|group=Notes|name=U21|The player is classified as an Under-21 player, and not included in Newcastle United's 25-man squad.}}}} {{Fs player|no=—|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Jack Colback]]}} {{Fs end}} * '''Notes:''' {{noteslist|group=Notes}} ===Other players=== {{main|Newcastle United F.C. Reserves and Academy}} ===Out on loan=== The following players have previously made a league or cup appearance for Newcastle United and are currently on loan at other teams: {{Fs start}} {{Fs player|no=—|nat=ENG|pos=GK|name=[[Freddie Woodman]]|other=at [[Swansea City F.C.|Swansea City]] for the 2019–20 season}} {{Fs player|no=—|nat=MAR|pos=DF|name=[[Achraf Lazaar]]|other=at [[Cosenza Calcio|Cosenza]] for the 2019–20 season}} {{Fs player|no=—|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Daniel Barlaser]]|other=at [[Rotherham United F.C.|Rotherham United]] for the 2019–20 season}} {{Fs mid}} {{Fs player|no=—|nat=ENG|pos=MF|name=[[Jacob Murphy]]|other=at [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.|Sheffield Wednesday]] for the 2019–20 season}} {{Fs player|no=—|nat=ENG|pos=FW|name=[[Rolando Aarons]]|other=at [[Motherwell F.C.|Motherwell]] for the 2019–20 season}} {{Fs end}} ===Notable players=== ''For details on former players, see [[List of Newcastle United F.C. players]] and [[:Category:Newcastle United F.C. players]]'' ==Player of the Year== {| |- |valign="top"| {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year ! Winner |- |1976||{{flagicon|England}} [[Alan Gowling]] |- |1977||{{flagicon|England}} [[Micky Burns]] |- |1978||{{flagicon|England}} [[Irving Nattrass]] |- |1979||{{flagicon|England}} [[Peter Withe]] |- |1980||{{flagicon|England}} [[Alan Shoulder]] |- |1981||{{flagicon|England}} [[Kevin Carr]] |- |1982||{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Mick Martin]] |- |1983||{{flagicon|England}} [[Kevin Keegan]] |- |1984||{{flagicon|England}} [[Kevin Keegan]] |- |1985||{{flagicon|England}} [[Peter Beardsley]] |- |1986||{{flagicon|England}} [[Peter Beardsley]] |- |1987||{{flagicon|England}} [[Paul Goddard]] |} |width="1"|&nbsp; |valign="top"| {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year ! Winner |- |1988||{{flagicon|England}} [[Paul Gascoigne]] |- |1989||{{flagicon|Scotland}} [[John Hendrie (Scottish footballer)|John Hendrie]] |- |1990||{{flagicon|England}} [[Micky Quinn]] |- |1991||{{flagicon|England}} [[John Burridge]] |- |1992||{{flagicon|England}} [[Gavin Peacock]] |- |1993||{{flagicon|England}} [[Lee Clark (footballer)|Lee Clark]] |- |1994||{{flagicon|England}} [[Andy Cole]] |- |1995||{{flagicon|England}} [[Barry Venison]] |- |1996||{{flagicon|England}} [[Darren Peacock]] |- |1997||{{flagicon|England}} [[Steve Watson]] |- |1998||{{flagicon|England}} [[David Batty]] |- |1999||{{flagicon|England}} [[Alan Shearer]] |} |width="1"|&nbsp; |valign="top"| {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year ! Winner |- |2000||{{flagicon|England}} [[Alan Shearer]] |- |2001||{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Shay Given]] |- |2002||{{flagicon|Peru}} [[Nolberto Solano]] |- |2003||{{flagicon|England}} [[Alan Shearer]] |- |2004||{{flagicon|France}} [[Olivier Bernard]] |- |2005||{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Shay Given]] |- |2006||{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Shay Given]] |- |2007||{{flagicon|England}} [[Nicky Butt]] |- |2008||{{flagicon|Senegal}} [[Habib Beye]] |- |2009||{{flagicon|Cameroon}} [[Sébastien Bassong]] |- |2010||{{flagicon|Spain}} [[José Enrique (footballer)|José Enrique]] |- |2011||{{flagicon|Argentina}} [[Fabricio Coloccini]] |} |width="1"|&nbsp; |valign="top"| {| class="wikitable" |- ! Year ! Winner |- |2012||{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Tim Krul]] |- |2013||{{flagicon|Italy}} [[Davide Santon]] |- |2014||{{flagicon|England}} [[Mike Williamson (footballer)|Mike Williamson]] |- |2015||{{flagicon|Netherlands}} [[Daryl Janmaat]] |- |2016||{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Rob Elliot]] |- |2017||{{flagicon|Ireland}} [[Ciaran Clark]] |- |2018||{{flagicon|England}} [[Jamaal Lascelles]] |- |2019||{{flagicon|Venezuela}} [[Salomón Rondón]] |} |} Source: [https://www.nufc.co.uk/news/latest-news/skipper-scoops-annual-gong Newcastle United F.C.] ==Ownership== {{Fb cs header}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Owner|s={{flagicon|England}} [[Mike Ashley (businessman)|Mike Ashley]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Managing Director |s={{flagicon|England}} Lee Charnley}} {{Fb cs footer|date=July 2017}} ==Management== ===Current backroom staff=== ====First Team==== {{Fb cs header}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Head Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} [[Steve Bruce]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Assistant Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} [[Steve Agnew]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Assistant Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} [[Stephen Clemence]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Assistant Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} [[Steve Harper]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p= Head of Goalkeeping |s={{flagicon|England}} [[Simon Smith (footballer)|Simon Smith]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Head of Medicine |s={{flagicon|England}} Paul Catterson}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Fitness Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} Simon Tweddle}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Fitness Coach |s={{flagicon|Spain}} Cristian Martínez}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Head Physiotherapist |s={{flagicon|England}} Derek Wright}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Physiotherapist |s={{flagicon|England}} Sean Beech}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Physiotherapist |s={{flagicon|England}} Michael Harding}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Physiotherapist |s={{flagicon|Spain}} Daniel Marti}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Massage Therapist |s={{flagicon|England}} Wayne Farrage}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Head of Recruitment |s={{Flagicon|England}} Steve Nickson}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Head of Analysis |s={{Flagicon|England}} Kerry Morrow}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Head of Sports Science |s={{Flagicon|England}} Jamie Harley}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Sports Scientist |s={{Flagicon|England}} John Fitzpatrick}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Sports Scientist |s={{Flagicon|England}} Jake Kemp}} {{Fb cs footer|date=July 2019}} ====Under-23 and Under-18==== {{Fb cs header}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Director |s={{flagicon|England}} [[Joe Joyce (footballer)|Joe Joyce]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Head of Coaching |s={{flagicon|England}} Ben Dawson}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Loan Coordinator |s={{flagicon|Nigeria}} [[Shola Ameobi]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Under-23 Head Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} [[Chris Hogg]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Under-23 Assistant Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} Liam Bramley}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Under-18s Head Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} Neil Winskill}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Under-18s Assistant Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} [[Kevin Richardson (footballer)|Kevin Richardson]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Goalkeeping Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} [[Adam Bartlett]]}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Doctor |s={{flagicon|England}} Tom Holland}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Lead Strength & Conditioning Coach |s={{flagicon|England}} Craig Musham}} {{Fb cs staff |bg= |p=Physiotherapist |s={{flagicon|England}} Stephen Weir}} {{Fb cs footer|date=July 2019}} ==See also== {{Wikipedia books}} {{Portal|North East England|Association football}} * [[Newcastle United F.C. Reserves and Academy]] * [[Newcastle United W.F.C.]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==Sources== ;Books * {{cite book | last = Bolam| first = Mike| author-link = | title = The Newcastle Miscellany| publisher = Vision Sports Publishing|year=2007| location = United Kingdom | language = English| isbn = 978-1-905326-18-1 |ref=harv}} ==External links== {{Commons category}} * {{Official website|http://www.nufc.co.uk/}} * [http://www.skysports.com/football/teams/newcastleunited/ Newcastle United News&nbsp;– Sky Sports] * {{BBC football info|newcastle-united}} {{Newcastle United F.C.}} {{Newcastle United F.C. seasons}} {{Premier League}} {{Inter-Cities Fairs Cup winners}} {{UEFA Intertoto Cup winners}} [[Category:Sport in Newcastle upon Tyne]] [[Category:Football clubs in England]] [[Category:Newcastle United F.C.| ]] [[Category:Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange]] [[Category:Association football clubs established in 1892]] [[Category:Former English Football League clubs]] [[Category:FA Cup winners]] [[Category:Premier League clubs]] [[Category:Football clubs in Tyne and Wear]] [[Category:1892 establishments in England]]'