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[[Image:Icon second coming.jpg|thumb|Greek [[icon]] of Second Coming, c. 1700]]
{{Jesus}}
{{Gospel Jesus}}
The '''Second Coming''' (sometimes called the '''Second Advent''' or the '''[[Parousia]]''') is a [[Christianity|Christian]], [[Islam|Islamic]], [[Baháʼí Faith|Baháʼí]] and [[Messianic Judaism|Messianic Jewish]] belief regarding the return of [[Jesus]] after his [[Ascension of Jesus|ascension]] to [[Heaven (Christianity)|heaven]] about two thousand years ago. The idea is based on [[Jesus and messianic prophecy|messianic prophecies]] and is part of most [[Christian eschatologies]].
Views about the nature of Jesus's Second Coming vary among [[Christian denomination]]s and among individual Christians, as well as among Muslims.
==Terminology==
{{See also|Theophany|Christophany}}
Several different terms are used to refer to the Second Coming of Christ:
In the [[New Testament]], the Greek word ἐπιφάνεια (''epiphaneia'', appearing) is used five times to refer to the return of Christ.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G2015&t=KJV|title=Greek Lexicon :: G2015 (KJV)|work=[[Blue Letter Bible]]}}</ref>
The [[Novum Testamentum Graece|Greek New Testament]] uses the Greek term ''[[parousia]]'' (παρουσία, meaning "arrival", "coming", or "presence") twenty-four times, seventeen of them concerning Christ. However, parousia has the distinct reference to a period of time rather than an instance in time. At {{bibleverse|Matthew|24:37|KJV}} parousia is used to clearly describe the period of time that Noah lived. The Greek word ''eleusi''s which means "coming" is not interchangeable with parousia. So this parousia or "presence" would be unique and distinct from anything that had occurred before.<ref name=G3952>{{cite web |url=http://www.blueletterbible.org/cgi-bin/strongs.pl?strongs=3952 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825135034/http://www.blueletterbible.org/cgi-bin/strongs.pl?strongs=3952 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2010-08-25 |title=Strong's G3952 |publisher=Blueletterbible.org |accessdate=2009-11-21 }}</ref> The word is also used six times referring to individuals ([[Stephanas]], [[Fortunatus the Apostle|Fortunatus]] and [[Achaicus of Corinth|Achaicus]],{{bibleref2c|1Co|16:17|esv|1Co.16:17}} [[Titus]],{{bibleref2c|2Co.|7:6–72}} and [[Paul the Apostle]] {{bibleref2c|2Co.|10:10}}{{bibleref2c|Phil|1:26}}{{bibleref2c-nb|Phil|2:12}}) and one time referring to the "coming of the [[Man of Lawlessness|lawless one]]".{{bibleref2c|2Thes|2:9}}
[[Gustav Adolf Deissmann]] (1908)<ref>
{{cite book
|title= Light from the Ancient East:The New Testament Illustrated by Recently Discovered Texts of the Graeco-Roman World
|year= 1908
|author= Gustav Adolf Deissmann
}}</ref> showed that the Greek word ''parousia'' occurred as early as the 3rd century BC to describe the visit of a king or dignitary to a city – a visit arranged in order to show the visitor's magnificence to the people.
==Specific date predictions and claims==
{{Main|Predictions and claims for the Second Coming of Christ}}
Views about the nature of the Second Coming vary among Christian denominations and among individual Christians. A number of specific dates have been predicted for the Second Coming, some now in the distant past, others still in the future.
==Christian eschatological views==
{{Main|Christian eschatology}}
{{Christian Eschatology}}
Most [[English versions of the Nicene Creed]] include the following statements:{{cn|date=May 2020}}
{{quote|...he [[Ascension of Christ|ascended into heaven]] and is [[Session of Christ|seated]] at the [[Right Hand of God|right hand]] of the [[God the Father|Father]]. He will come again in his glory to [[Last Judgment|judge the living and the dead]], and [[Kingdom of God|his kingdom]] will have no end. ... We look for the [[resurrection of the dead]], and the life of the [[world to come]].}}
A 2010 survey showed that about 40% of Americans believe that Jesus is likely to return by 2050. This varies from 58% of white evangelical Christians, through 32% of Catholics to 27% of white mainline Protestants.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Public Sees a Future Full of Promise and Peril Section 3: War, Terrorism and Global Trends|url=http://www.people-press.org/2010/06/22/section-3-war-terrorism-and-global-trends/|date=June 22, 2010|publisher=Pew Research Center|accessdate=Feb 1, 2016}}</ref> Belief in the Second Coming was popularised in the US in the late nineteenth century by the evangelist [[Dwight L. Moody]] and the [[Premillennialism|premillennial interpretation]] became one of the core components of [[Christian fundamentalism]] in the 1920s.
===Early Christianity===
{{see also|Olivet Discourse#Imminence}}
Jesus was reported to have told his [[Disciple (Christianity)|disciples]],
{{quote|"Truly I tell you, this generation will certainly not pass away until all these things have happened."|{{bibleref2|Matt. 24:34; Mark 13:30; Luke 21:32}}}}
Given that in his next statement Jesus notes that the exact day and hour is unknown even to himself, the simple meaning of his previous statement is that the Second Coming was to be witnessed by people literally living in that same generation. Some, such as [[Jerome]], interpret the phrase "this generation" to mean in the lifetime of the [[Jewish race]]; however, other scholars believe that if Jesus meant "race" he would have used ''[[genos]]'' (race), not ''genea'' (generation).<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=tAO3ZU78I-0C&pg=PA24 |title= Is Jesus Coming Soon? |work= google.ca|isbn= 9780915815364 |last1= Demar |first1= Gary |date= August 1999 }}</ref><ref>1) Matthew, Douglas Hare, John Knox Press, Louisville, Kentucky, 1993, p. 281
2) The Gospel According to Saint Matthew, Alan Hugh M'Neile, Macmillan & Co., London 1949, p. 354-355
3) The Broadman Bible Commentary, Vol. 8, Clifton Allen, ed., Broadman Press, Nashville, TN 1969, p. 221
4) Critical and Exegetical Hand-Book To The Gospel of Matthew, Heinrich Meyer (1883), Alpha Pub., Winona Lake, IN 1980, p. 426
5) The Gospel According to Matthew, R.T. France, Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, MI, 1985, p. 346
6) A Commentary on The Gospel According to St. Matthew, Floyd Filson, [[Adam & Charles Black]] Pub., London, 1960, p. 257
7) Hard Sayings of the Bible, W. Kaiser, P. Davids, F.F. Bruce, M. Brauch, [[InterVarsity Press]], Downers Grove, Ill, 1996, pp. 445–448
8) Bible Commentary, Vol. 1, Charles Scribner's Sons, NY 1901, p. 144
9) The Imperial Bible Dictionary, Vol. II, Rev. [[Patrick Fairbairn]], [[Blackie and Son]], London, 1885, p. 352
10) The Great Tribulation, David Chilton, Dominion Press, Ft. Worth, TX 1987, p. 3
11) The Quest of the Historical Jesus, Dr. Albert Schweitzer, Macmillan, NY, 1968, p. 22
12) Apocalypse of The Gospels, Milton Terry (1819), chapter 18 reprinted and its pages renumbered in 1992 by John Bray, PO Box 90129, Lakeland, FL 33804, p. 34
13) The Parousia, [[J. Stuart Russell]], T. Fisher Unwin Pub., London, 1887, p. 85</ref>
[[Victor J. Stenger]] notes that Jesus is recorded as saying,
{{quote|...there are some standing here, which shall not taste death, till they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom "|{{bibleverse||Matt|16:28}}}} He makes similar predictions in five other places in the Gospels; {{bibleverse||Mark|9:1}}, {{bibleverse||Mark|13:30}}, {{bibleverse||Matt|24:34}}, {{bibleverse||Luke|9:27}}, {{bibleverse||Luke|21:32.}} In Stenger's view, when the coming did not happen within the life-times of his disciples, as Jesus prophesied, Christianity changed its emphasis to the [[resurrection]] and promise of [[Eternal life (Christianity)|eternal life]].<ref>Chapter 2, ' The Folly of Faith ' p54 in " The New Atheism " by Victor J. Stenger, published 2009 by [[Prometheus Books]], {{ISBN|978-1-59102-751-5}}</ref> Some believe that ultimately Jesus' statement proves true in the light of the vision of the return of the Son of Man later given to his disciple, John, on the Isle of Patmos, specifically as found in {{bibleverse||Revelation|19:11-19}}.{{Cn|date=July 2020}}
According to historian [[Charles Freeman (historian)|Charles Freeman]], [[early Christians]] expected Jesus to return within a generation of his death and the non-occurrence of the second coming surprised the early Christian communities.<ref>Freeman, Charles. ''[[The Closing of the Western Mind]]'', p. 133. Vintage. 2002.</ref>
{{Quote|
Children, it is the last hour; and just as you heard that [[Antichrist]] is coming, even now many antichrists have appeared; from this we know that it is the last hour.|{{Bibleref2|1John|2:18||1 John 2:18}}}}
===Preterism===
{{Main|Preterism}}
The position associating the Second Coming with [[Christianity in the 1st century|1st century events]] such as the [[Siege of Jerusalem (AD 70)|destruction of Jerusalem and of the Jewish Temple in AD 70]] is known as Preterism.<ref>1) Future Survival, [[Chuck Smith (pastor)|Chuck Smith]], The Word for Today, Costa Mesa, CA 1978, page 17
2) The Life of Jesus Critically Examined, Dr. [[David Strauss]], Sigler Press, Ramsey, NJ 1994, page 587
3) Jesus and The Last Days, George Murray, [[Hendrickson Publisher]], Peabody, Mass. 1993, pages 443–444
4) [[The Quest of the Historical Jesus]], Dr. Albert Schweitzer, [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]], NY, 1968, page 240
5) Last Days Madness, Gary DeMar, American Vision Inc., Atlanta, GA 1994, page 114
6) The Parousia, Stuart Russell, [[T. Fisher Unwin]] Pub., London, 1887, page 84
7) The Decline & Fall of the Roman Empire, Edward Gibbon, [[Penguin Books]], NY 1985, page 276
8) Apocalypse of The Gospels, Milton Terry, (1819), chapter 18 reprinted and its pages renumbered in 1992 by John Bray, PO Box 90129, Lakeland, FL 33804, pages 34 & 38
</ref>
Some Preterists see this "coming of the Son of Man in glory" primarily fulfilled in Jesus' death on the cross. They believe the apocalyptic signs are already fulfilled including "[[Crucifixion darkness and eclipse|the sun will be dark]]" (cf. {{bibleref2|Mark|13:24–15:33}}), the "powers ... will be shaken," (cf. {{bibleref2|Mark|13:25–14:63, 15:5}}) and "then they will see" (cf. {{bibleref2|Mark|13:26–15:31, 15:39}}). Yet some critics note that many are missing, such as "But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night, in which the heavens will pass away with a great noise, and the elements will melt with fervent heat; both the earth and the works that are in it will be burned up." ({{bibleref2|2 Peter 3:10}}).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.whitehorsemedia.com/articles/?d=27 |title= White Horse Media |author= Austin Best |work= whitehorsemedia.com}}</ref> And "Then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory." ({{bibleref2|Matthew 24:30}})<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.whitehorsemedia.com/articles/?d=61 |title= White Horse Media |author= Austin Best |work= whitehorsemedia.com}}</ref>
===Catholic and Orthodox===
{{See also|Katechon}}
[[Image:Michelangelo Buonarroti - Jugement dernier.jpg|thumb|''[[The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)|The Last Judgment]]'' by [[Michelangelo]] (1541) in the [[Sistine Chapel]], Rome.]]
It is the traditional view of [[Roman Catholics]] and [[Orthodox Christians]], preserved from the early Church, that the Second Coming will be a sudden and unmistakable incident, like "a flash of lightning".{{Bibleref2c|Mt|24:27}} They hold the general view that Jesus will not spend any time on the earth in ministry or preaching, but come to judge mankind.<ref name="orthodoxphotos%252Ecom">{{cite web|url=http://www.orthodoxphotos.com/readings/sign/coming.shtml |title=Jesus is Coming Soon |publisher=Orthodoxphotos.com |date= |accessdate=2009-11-21}}</ref> They also agree that the ministry of the Antichrist will take place right before the Second Coming.<ref name="orthodoxphotos%252Ecom" />
Many Christian denominations consider this second coming of Christ to be the final and eternal judgment by [[God]] of the people in every [[nation]]<ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08552a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: General Judgment]: "Few truths are more often or more clearly proclaimed in Scripture than that of the general judgment. To it the prophets of the Old Testament refer when they speak of the '[[Day of the Lord]]' ({{bibleverse|Joel|2:31|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|13:5|KJV}}; 93-231700-6 register Holy BIBLE service name number Jermaine Thomas McCoy 93-231700-6 {{bibleverse|Isaiah|2:12|KJV}}), in which the nations will be summoned to judgment by the Fathers. In the New Testament the [[Parousia]], or coming of Christ as Judge of the world, is an oft-repeated doctrine. The Saviour Himself not only foretells the event but graphically portrays its circumstances ({{bibleverse|Matthew|24:27|KJV}} sqq.;SGT john 1:18 Parish all world threw Justice hall Dean Jermaine Thomas McCoy {{bibleverse-nb|Matthew|25:31|KJV}} sqq.). The Apostles Malachi peter phophet labour give a most prominent place to this doctrine in their preaching ({{bibleverse|Acts|10:42|KJV}}; {{bibleverse-nb|Acts|17:31|KJV}}) and writings ({{bibleverse|Romans|2:5–16|KJV}}; {{bibleverse-nb|Romans|14:10|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1 Corinthians|4:5|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Corinthians|5:10|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Timothy|4:1|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|1:5|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|James|5:7|KJV}}). Besides the name Parusia (parousia), or Advent ({{bibleverse|1 Corinthians|15:23|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|2:19}}), the Second Coming is also called Epiphany, epiphaneia, or Appearance ({{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|2:8}}; {{bibleverse|1 Timothy|6:14|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Timothy|4:1|KJV}}; {{bibleverse||Titus|2:13}}), and [[Apocalypse]] (apokalypsis), or Revelation ({{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|2:7|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1|Peter|4:13}}). The time of the Second Coming is spoken of as 'that Day' ({{bibleverse|2 Timothy|4:8|KJV}}), 'the day of the Lord' ({{bibleverse|1 Thessalonians|5:2|KJV}}), 'the day of Christ' ({{bibleverse|Philemon|1:6|KJV}}), 'the day of the Son of Man' ({{bibleverse|Luke|17:30|KJV}}), 'the last day' ({{bibleverse|John|6:39–40|KJV}}). The belief in the general judgment has prevailed at all times and in all places within the Church. It is contained as an article of faith in all the ancient creeds: 'He ascended into heaven. From thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead' ([[Apostles' Creed]]). The two shall come again with glory to judge both the living and the dead' ([[Nicene Creed]]). 'From thence they shall come to judge the living and the dead, at whose coming all men must rise with their bodies and are to render an account of their deeds' ([[Athanasian Creed]]). Relying on the authority of [[Papias of Hierapolis|Papias]], several Fathers of the first four centuries advanced the theory of a thousand years' terrestrial reign of Christ with the saints to precede the end of the World (see article on MILLENNIUM). Though this idea is interwoven with the eschatological teachings of those writers, it in no way detracted from their belief in a universal world-judgment. Patristic testimony to this dogma is clear and unanimous."</ref> resulting in the glorification of some and the punishment of others. The concept is found in all the [[Canonical gospels]], particularly the [[Gospel of Matthew]].
A decisive factor in this Last Judgement during the second coming of Christ will be the question, if the corporal and spiritual [[works of mercy]] were practiced or not during lifetime. They rate as important acts of mercy, charity and justice. Therefore, and according to the Biblical sources ([[Matthew 25:31]]–[[Matthew 25:46|46]]), the conjunction of the Last Judgement and the [[works of mercy]] is very frequent in the pictorial tradition of Christian art.<ref>[[Ralf van Bühren]], ''[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23753234.2017.1287283 Caravaggio's 'Seven Works of Mercy' in Naples. The relevance of art history to cultural journalism]'', in ''Church, Communication and Culture'' 2 (2017), pp. 63–87.</ref>
Orthodox layman Alexander Kalomiros explains the original Church's position regarding the Second Coming in ''River of Fire''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stnectariospress.com/the-river-of-fire|title=THE RIVER OF FIRE|work=Saint Nectarios Press and Book Center}}</ref> and ''Against False Union'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.roacusa.org/htdocs/Catechism/AGAINST%20FALSE%20UNION.pdf|title=Against False Union|publisher=[[Russian Orthodox Autonomous Church]] (ROAC) of America}}</ref> stating that those who contend that Christ will reign on earth for a thousand years "do not wait for Christ, but for the Antichrist." The idea of Jesus returning to this earth as a king is a heretical concept to the Church, equated to "the expectations of the Jews who wanted the Messiah to be an earthly King." The Church instead teaches that which it has taught since the beginning.
According to the Catholic Church, the second coming will bring about the fullness of the reign of God and the consummation of the [[universe]], mankind, and salvation.<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p123a12.htm#1042 Catechism of the Catholic Church 1042–1050]</ref> The Catholic Church believes there are three things that hasten the return of Jesus: the transforming power of the [[Holy Spirit]] in the [[liturgy]];<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p2s1c1a1.htm#1107 Catechism of the Catholic Church 1107]</ref> living with the mind of Jesus;<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p3s1c3a3.htm#2046 Catechism of the Catholic Church 2046]</ref> and praying for the Lord to come, above all in the [[Eucharist]].<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p1s2c2a7.htm#671 Catechism of the Catholic Church 671]</ref>
===Protestant===
[[Image:Second Coming of Christ window.jpg|thumb|The ''Second Coming of Christ'' [[stained glass]] window at [[St. Matthew's German Evangelical Lutheran Church]] in [[Charleston, South Carolina]], [[United States]].]]
The many [[Christian denomination|denominations]] of [[Protestantism]] have differing views on the exact details of Christ's second coming. Only a handful of Christian organizations claim complete and authoritative interpretation of the typically symbolic and prophetic biblical sources.
A short reference to the second coming is contained in the Nicene Creed: "He [Jesus] shall come again in glory to judge the living and the dead; and His kingdom shall have no end." An analogous statement is also in the biblical Pauline Creed ({{bibleverse|1 Corinthians|15:23|KJV}}).
Some Protestant churches proclaim the [[Memorial Acclamation|Mystery of Faith]] to be: "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again." <ref>Anglican Church of Canada, ''Book of Alternative Services'', p 195</ref><ref>Paul E. Engle and John H. Armstrong, eds., Understanding Four Views on the Lord’s Supper, Zondervan Counterpoints Collection (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2007), 46.</ref><ref>Tabletalk Magazine, March 2005: The Exaltation of Christ (Lake Mary, FL: Ligonier Ministries, 2005), 11.</ref>
===The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints===
{{main|Second Coming (LDS Church)}}
[[standard works|Latter-day Saint scriptures]] say that Christ will return, as stated in the Bible. They also teach that {{quote|When the Savior comes again, He will come in power and glory to claim the earth as His kingdom. His Second Coming will mark the beginning of the Millennium. The Second Coming will be a fearful, mournful time for the wicked, but it will be a day of peace for the righteous.<ref>{{citation |contribution-url= https://www.lds.org/topics/second-coming-of-jesus-christ |contribution= Second Coming of Jesus Christ |title= Study Helps: Gospel Topics |publisher= LDS Church |accessdate= 2014-07-09 }}.</ref>}} The LDS Church and its leaders do not make predictions of the actual date of the Second Coming.
[[Latter-day Saints]] have particularly distinct and specific interpretations of what are considered to be signs stated in the [[Book of Revelation]].<ref>{{citation |contribution-url= https://www.lds.org/manual/gospel-principles/chapter-43-signs-of-the-second-coming |contribution= Chapter 43: Signs of the Second Coming |title= Gospel Principles |place= [[Salt Lake City]], Utah |publisher= [[LDS Church]] |year= 2011 |pages= 251–256 |title-link= Gospel Principles }}.</ref>
According to LDS Church teachings, the restored [[gospel]] will be taught in all parts of the world prior to the Second Coming.<ref name="Matthew 24:14">[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/nt/matt/24.14?lang=eng Matthew 24:14] KJV</ref> Church members believe that there will be increasingly severe wars, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other man-made and natural disasters prior to the Second Coming.<ref>{{lds|Doctrine and Covenants|dc|45|26}}</ref>
===Seventh-day Adventists===
{{main|Seventh-day Adventist eschatology}}
Fundamental Belief #25 of the [[Seventh-day Adventist Church]] states:
{{Quote|
The second coming of Christ is the blessed hope of the church, the grand climax of the gospel. The Saviour's coming will be literal, personal, visible, and worldwide. When He returns, the righteous dead will be resurrected, and together with the righteous living will be glorified and taken to heaven, but the unrighteous will die. The almost complete fulfillment of most lines of prophecy, together with the present condition of the world, indicates that Christ's coming is imminent. The time of that event has not been revealed, and we are therefore exhorted to be ready at all times ({{bibleverse|Titus|2:13|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Hebrews|9:28|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|John|14:1–3|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Acts|1:9-11|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Matthew|24:14|KJV}}; [[Revelation 1:7]]; {{bibleverse|Matthew|24:43, 44|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1 Thessalonians|4:13–18|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1 Corinthians|15:51–54|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|1:7–10|KJV}}; {{bibleverse-nb|2 Thessalonians|2:8|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Revelation|14:14–20|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Revelation|19:11–21|KJV}}; [[Matthew 24]]; [[Mark 13]]; [[Luke 21]]; {{bibleverse|2 Timothy|3:1–5|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1 Thessalonians|5:1–6|KJV}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adventist.org/fileadmin/adventist.org/files/articles/official-statements/28Beliefs-Web.pdf|title=28 Fundamental Beliefs of the Seventh-day Adventists|page=11 (last page) of the pdf file}}</ref>|}}
===Jehovah's Witnesses===
[[Jehovah's Witnesses]] rarely use the term "second coming", preferring the term "presence" as a translation of ''parousia''.<ref>"Appendix 5B Christ's Presence (Parousia)", ''New World Translation—Large Reference Edition'', [[Watch Tower Society]], 1984.</ref> They believe that Jesus' comparison of ''"the presence of the Son of man"'' with ''"the days of Noah"'' at {{bibleverse|Matthew|24:37–39|KJV}} and {{bibleverse|Luke|17:26–30|KJV}} suggests a duration rather than a moment of arrival.<ref>"Presence", ''Insight on the Scriptures – Volume 2'', ©1988 Watch Tower, page 677.</ref> They also believe that biblical chronology points to 1914<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Awake!|title=1900 Onward—Skirts Splattered With Blood|date=November 8, 1989|page=22}}</ref> as the start of Christ's "presence", which continues until the final battle of [[Armageddon]]. Other biblical expressions they correlate with this period include "the time of the end" ({{bibleverse|Daniel|12:4|KJV}}), "the conclusion of the system of things" ({{bibleverse|Matthew|13:40|KJV}},{{bibleverse|Matthew|13:49|KJV|49}}; {{bibleverse-nb|Matthew|24:3|KJV}}) and "the last days" ({{bibleverse|2 Timothy|3:1|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Peter|3:3|KJV}})<!-- Note that preceding Scriptural citations are needed since these terms are far from universal across various Bible translations. -->.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Keep Jehovah's Day Close in Mind|journal=The Watchtower|date=September 1, 1997|page=21}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|journal=The Watchtower|title=No Peace for the Wicked Ones|date=July 1, 1987|page=13}}</ref> Witnesses believe Christ's [[millennialism|millennial reign]] begins after Armageddon.<ref>{{cite journal|title=There Is a Future for the Dead|journal=The Watchtower|date=April 1, 1968|page=200}}</ref>
===Emanuel Swedenborg and the New Church===
[[Emanuel Swedenborg]], an 18th century scientist turned theologian, taught that his time (that historians have called the [[Age of Enlightenment]]) was an age of darkness and doubt for the Christian church. Historian Marguerite Beck Block writes,
{{quote|Now therefore it was time for a new church to be founded upon the earth, and for this purpose it was necessary for the Lord Himself to make his Second Coming to the sons of men.
"The night is followed by a morning which is the coming of the Lord. . . . The prevailing opinion in the churches at the present day is, that when the Lord shall come for the last judgment. He will appear in the clouds of heaven with angels and the sound of trumpets, etc.," but this opinion is erroneous. The Second Coming of the Lord is not a coming in person, but in spirit and in the Word, which is from
Him, and is Himself. . . . Heretofore it has not been known that ‘the clouds of heaven’ mean the Word in the sense of the letter, and that the ‘glory and power’ in which He is then to come, mean the spiritual sense of the Word, because no one as yet has had the least conjecture that there is a spiritual sense in the Word, such as this sense is in itself. But as the Lord has now opened to me the spiritual sense of the Word, and has granted me to be associated with angels and spirits in their world as one of them, it is now disclosed.
. . . This Second Coming of the Lord is effected by means of a man to whom the Lord has manifested Himself in Person, and whom He has filled with His Spirit, that he may teach the doctrines of the New Church from the Lord by means of the Word. . . . That the Lord manifested Himself before me. His servant, and sent me to this office, . . . I affirm in truth.”<ref>{{cite book |last1=Block |first1=Marguerite Beck |title=The New Church in the New World |date=1932 |publisher=Henry Holt and Company |location=New York |page=38}}</ref>}}
===Esoteric Christian teachings===
<!-- This section is linked from [[Last Judgment]] and [[Rosicrucian Fellowship]] -->
{{See also|Last Judgment#Esoteric Christian tradition|l1=Last Judgment (Esoteric Christian tradition)}}
In [[Rosicrucian]] [[Esoteric Christianity|esoteric Christian]] teaching, there is a distinction between the cosmic Christ, or Christ without, and the Christ within.<ref>[[The Rosicrucian Fellowship]], ''[http://www.rosicrucian.com/zineen/pamen016.htm Eastern and Western Spiritual Alternatives]''</ref> According to this tradition, the Christ within is regarded as the true Saviour who needs to be born within each individual<ref>{{Bibleref2|Galatians|4:19}}</ref> in order to evolve toward the future Sixth [[Root Race|Epoch]] in the Earth's [[etheric plane]], that is, toward the "new heavens and a new earth":<ref>{{Bibleref2|2Pet|3:13}}, {{Bibleref2-nb|2Pet|3:7}}</ref> the ''[[New Galilee (Sixth Epoch)|New Galilee]].''<ref>[[Max Heindel|Heindel, Max]], ''[http://www.rosicrucian.com/hkc/hkceng01.htm How Shall We Know Christ at His Coming?]'', May 1913 (stenographic report of a lecture, [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]), {{ISBN|0-911274-64-2}}</ref> The Second Coming or Advent of the Christ is not in a physical body,<ref>{{Bibleref2|1Cor|15:50}}, {{Bibleref2|John|18:36}}</ref> but in the new ''soul body'' of each individual in the etheric plane of the planet<ref>{{Bibleref2|2Cor|5:1–3}}, Greek "politeuma" [commonwealth], "Our commonwealth is in heaven ...": {{Bibleref2|Philippians|3:20–21}}</ref> where man "shall be caught up in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air."<ref>{{Bibleref2|Matthew|24:30}}, {{Bibleref2|1Thess|4:17}}, {{Bibleref2|Acts|1:10–11}}, {{Bibleref2|1John|3:2}}</ref> The "day and hour" of this event is not known.<ref>{{Bibleref2|Matthew|24:23–27}}</ref> The esoteric Christian tradition teaches that first there will be a preparatory period as the [[Sun]] enters [[Aquarius (astrology)|Aquarius]], an [[Astrology|astrological]] concept, by precession: the coming [[Age of Aquarius]].<ref>[http://www.rosicrucian.com/zineen/magen119.htm The Aquarian Age] (cf. {{Bibleref2|1Cor|2:6–16}})</ref>
==Islam==
===Traditional view===
{{Main|Jesus in Islam|Islamic eschatology}}
In Islam, Jesus (or [[Isa (name)|Isa]]; {{lang-ar|عيسى}} {{transl|ar|DIN|ʿĪsā}}) is considered to be a [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Messenger of God]] and the [[Messiah#Islam|''Masih'' (messiah)]] who was sent to guide the [[Israelites]] (''banī isrā'īl'') with a new scripture, the ''[[Gospel in Islam|Injīl]]''.<ref>[[The Oxford Dictionary of Islam]], p.158</ref> The belief in Jesus (and all other messengers of God) is required in Islam, and a requirement of being a [[Muslim]]. However, Muslims do not recognize Jesus as the Son of God, as they believe God has no equals, but instead as a prophet. The [[Quran]] states that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary. Muslims believe that Jesus performed all the miracles in the [[Gospels]] (with God's permission), but do not believe that Jesus was crucified.
In the Quran, the second coming of Jesus is heralded in [[Az-Zukhruf]] (the Quran's 43rd [[surah]] or chapter) as a sign of the Day of Judgment.
{{quote|And (Jesus) shall be a Sign (for the coming of) the Hour (of Judgment): therefore have no doubt about the (Hour), but follow ye Me: this is a Straight Way. 43:61<ref>{{cite web|last1=Yusuf Ali|first1=Abdullah|title=Surah Az-zukhruf|url=http://www.islam101.com/quran/yusufAli/QURAN/43.htm}}</ref>}}
Ibn Kathir presents this verse as proof of Jesus' second coming in the Quran in ''Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim''.<ref>{{cite web|last1=kathir|first1=Ibn|title=Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim|url=http://www.qtafsir.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2076&Itemid=99}}</ref>
There are also [[hadith]]s that foretell Jesus' future return such as:<ref name="EoI-Isa">"Isa", Encyclopedia of Islam</ref> [[Sahih al-Bukhari]], Volume 3, Book 43: ''Kitab-ul-`Ilm'' (Book of Knowledge), Hâdith Number 656:
{{quote|The Hour will not be established until the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you as a just ruler, he will break the cross (idol symbol of Christians), kill the pigs, and abolish the ''[[Jizya]]'' tax. Money will be in abundance so that nobody will accept it (as charitable gifts).|reference=[[Muhammad]]<ref>{{Hadith-usc|bukhari|usc=yes|3|43|656}}</ref>}}
According to Islamic tradition, Jesus' descent will be in the midst of wars fought by the ''[[Mahdi]]'' (''lit''. "the rightly guided one"), known in Islamic eschatology as the redeemer of Islam, against the ''[[Masih ad-Dajjal]]'' (literally "false messiah", synonymous with the Antichrist) and his followers.<ref name="S209">{{cite book|last=Sonn|first=Tamara|title=Islam: History, Religion, and Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nPNmCgAAQBAJ|date=2015|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-118-97230-4|page=209}}</ref> Jesus will descend at the point of a white arcade, east of [[Damascus]], dressed in saffron robes—his head anointed. He will then join the ''Mahdi'' in his war against the ''Dajjal''. Jesus, considered in Islam as a Muslim (one who submits to God) and one of God's messengers, will abide by the Islamic teachings. Eventually, Jesus will slay the Antichrist ''Dajjal'', and then everyone from the [[People of the Book]] (''ahl al-kitāb'', referring to Jews and Christians) will believe in him. Thus, there will be one community, that of Islam. {{Hadith-usc|muslim|usc=yes|41|7023}}
After the death of the ''Mahdi'', Jesus will assume leadership. This is a time associated in Islamic narrative with universal peace and justice. Islamic texts also allude to the appearance of [[Gog and Magog#Qur'an|Ya'juj and Ma'juj]] (known also as Gog and Magog), ancient tribes that will disperse and cause disturbance on earth. God, in response to Jesus' prayers, will kill them by sending a type of worm in the napes of their necks.<ref name="S209"/> Jesus' rule is said to be around forty years, after which he will die, (according to Islam Jesus did not die on the cross but was taken up to heaven and continues to live until his return in the second coming). Muslims will then perform the ''[[Salat al-Janazah]]'' (funeral prayer) for him and bury him in the city of [[Medina]] in a grave left vacant beside [[Muhammad in Islam|Muhammad]].<ref name="EoI-Isa"/>
===Ahmadiyya===
[[File:Hadhrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad2.jpg|thumb|[[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]]]]
{{main|Jesus in Ahmadiyya Islam}}
The [[Ahmadi]] sect, who identify as Muslims, believe that the promised [[Mahdi]] and Messiah arrived in the person of [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]] (1835–1908). This is generally rejected by mainstream Muslims, who do not recognize the Ahmadiyya as legitimate Muslims.{{fact|date=August 2020}}
The ''[[hadith]]'' (sayings of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad) and the [[Bible]] indicated that Jesus would return during the latter days. Islamic tradition commonly depicts that Jesus, upon his second coming, would be an ''Ummati'' (Muslim) and a follower of Muhammad and that he would revive the truth of Islam rather than fostering a new religion.
The Ahmadiyya movement interpret the Second Coming of Jesus prophesied as being that of a person "similar to Jesus" (''mathīl-i ʿIsā'') and not his physical return, in the same way as [[John the Baptist]] resembled the character of the biblical prophet [[Elijah]] in Christianity. Ahmadis believe that Ghulam Ahmad demonstrated that the prophecy in Muslim and Christian religious texts were traditionally misunderstood to suggest that Jesus of Nazareth himself would return, and hold that Jesus survived the [[Crucifixion of Jesus|crucifixion]] and later died a natural death. Ahmadis consider Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (the founder of the movement), in both his character and teachings, to be representative of Jesus, and that he attained the same spiritual rank of Prophethood as Jesus. Thus, Ahmadis believe this prediction was fulfilled and continued by his movement.<ref>[http://www.alislam.org/library/books/promisedmessiah/index.htm?page=63 “A Prophet Like Unto Moses”], The Promised Mehdi and Messiha, by Dr. Aziz Ahmad Chaudhry, Islam International Publications Limited</ref><ref name="muslim.org">[http://www.muslim.org/bookspdf/fourques.pdf The Four Questions Answered], by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, AAIIL 1996</ref>
==Other views and commentaries==
{{Eschatology}}
===Baha'i Faith===
According to the [[Bahá'í Faith]], the Second Coming is based on the concept of a gradual process that coincides with the advancement of human civilization from the beginning of humanity. It teaches that the founders of the major world religions each represent a return of the Word and Spirit of God as a new, unique personification sent by God, who introduces new teachings, laws and revelations, such that all major religions are part of a [[progressive revelation (Baháʼí)|progressive revelation]]. Each Coming is said to build upon the major world religions emerging from earlier ages, verifying previous spiritual truths, and fulfilling its prophesies regarding a future return or coming. In this context, the Second Coming is depicted as a continuation of God's will in one continuous faith, with different names as presented by the founders of each religion as the voice of God at different times in history.
[[Bahá'u'lláh]] announced that he was a manifestation of the returned Christ, understood as a reappearance of the Word and Spirit of God:{{quote|O thou who art waiting, tarry no longer, for He is come. Behold His Tabernacle and His Glory dwelling therein. It is the Ancient Glory, with a new Manifestation.<ref>{{cite book|author=J. E. Esslemont|title=Baha'u'llah and the New Era|date=2006|publisher=Bahai World Centre|location=[[Bahá'í World Centre]]|isbn=0-87743-136-1|pages=23|url=https://www.bahai.org/library/other-literature/publications-individual-authors/bahaullah-new-era/}}</ref>}} He wrote to [[Pope Pius IX]], {{quote|He Who is the Lord of Lords is come overshadowed with clouds... He, verily, hath again come down from Heaven even as He came down from it the first time. Beware that thou dispute not with Him even as the Pharisees disputed with Him without a clear token or proof.<ref>{{cite book|author=Baha'u'llah|title=The Summons of the Lord of Hosts|date=2002|publisher=Bahai World Centre|location=[[Bahá'í World Centre]]|isbn=978-1-931847-33-9|pages=54–55|url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/slh-5.html}}</ref>}} He referred to himself as the ''[[Ancient of Days]]'' and the ''Pen of Glory'',<ref name="summonspage57">{{cite book|author=Baha'u'llah|title=The Summons of the Lord of Hosts|date=2002|publisher=Bahai World Centre|location=[[Haifa]], Israel|isbn=978-1-931847-33-9|page=57|url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/slh-5.html}}</ref> and also claimed:{{quote|This is the Father foretold by Isaiah, and the Comforter concerning Whom the Spirit had covenanted with you. Open your eyes, O concourse of bishops, that ye may behold your Lord seated upon the Throne of might and glory.<ref>{{cite book|author=Baha'u'llah|title=The Summons of the Lord of Hosts|date=2002|publisher=Bahai World Centre|location=Haifa, Israel|isbn=978-1-931847-33-9|pages=63|url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/slh-5.html}}</ref>}} Baha'u'llah also wrote, {{Quote|Say: We, in truth, have given Ourself as a ransom for your own lives. Alas, when We came once again, We beheld you fleeing from Us, whereat the eye of My loving-kindness wept sore over My people."<ref name="summonspage57"/>}}
Followers of the Bahá'í Faith believe that prophecies of the second coming of Jesus (along with prophecies from other religions) were fulfilled by the [[Báb]] in 1844 and then by the events occurring during the days of Bahá'u'lláh.<ref>{{Cite book| title = Studies in Modern Religions, Religious Movements and the Bābī-Bahā'ī Faiths | editor = Sharon, Moshe | chapter = The eschatology of Globalization: The multiple-messiahship of Bahā'u'llāh revisited | first = Christopher | last = Buck | isbn = 978-90-04-13904-6 | location = Boston | publisher = Brill | year = 2004 | pages = 143–178 | chapter-url = http://bahai-library.com/buck_eschatology_globalization }}</ref> They believe that the fulfillment of Christian prophecies by Baha'u'llah is similar to Jesus' fulfillment of Jewish prophecies, where in both cases people were expecting the literal fulfillment of apocalyptic statements that led to rejections of the Return, instead of accepting fulfillment in symbolic and spiritual ways. Bahá'ís understand that the return of the Christ with a new name was intended by Jesus to be a Return in a spiritual sense, due to Jesus explaining in the Gospels that the return of Elijah in John the Baptist was a return in a spiritual sense.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bci.org/prophecy-fulfilled/|title=Baha'i: Prophecy Fulfilled Homepage|work=bci.org|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19990508221018/http://bci.org/prophecy-fulfilled/|archivedate=1999-05-08}}</ref><ref name="bahai-library1">{{cite web|first=Stephen |last=Lambden |url=http://bahai-library.com/bsr/bsr09/9B3_lambden_armageddon.htm |title=Catastrophe, Armageddon and Millennium: some aspects of the Bábí-Baha'i exegesis of apocalyptic symbolism |publisher=Bahai-library.com |date= |accessdate=2009-11-21}}</ref>
===Judaism===
{{Main|Judaism's view of Jesus}}
{{See also|Rejection of Jesus}}
[[Judaism]] teaches that Jesus is one of the false [[Jewish Messiah claimants]] because he failed to fulfill any [[Jewish messianism|Messianic prophecies]], which include:
<blockquote>
# Build the [[Third Temple]] ({{bibleverse|Ezekiel|37:26–28|KJV}}).
# Gather all Jews back to the Land of Israel ({{bibleverse|Isaiah|43:5–6|KJV}}).
# Usher in an era of world peace, and end all hatred, oppression, suffering and disease. As it says: "Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall man learn war anymore." ({{bibleverse|Isaiah|2:4|KJV}})
# Spread universal knowledge of the God of Israel, which will unite humanity as one. As it says: "God will be King over all the world ― on that day, God will be One and His Name will be One" ({{bibleverse|Zechariah|14:9|KJV}}).<ref name=simmons>[[Shraga Simmons|Simmons, Rabbi Shraga]], [http://www.aish.com/jw/s/48892792.html "Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"]. Accessed December 22, 2011.</ref></blockquote> Regarding the Christian idea that these prophecies will be fulfilled during a "second coming," ''[[Ohr Somayach, Jerusalem|Ohr Samayach]]'' states "we find this to be a contrived answer, since there is no mention of a second coming in the Jewish Bible. Second, why couldn't God accomplish His goals the first time round?"<ref name=ohr>[http://ohr.edu/ask_db/ask_main.php/2637/Q1/ "Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"], Ohr Somayach – ''Ask the Rabbi''. Accessed December 22, 2011.</ref> Rabbi [[David Wolpe]] believes that the Second Coming was "grown out of genuine disappointment. [...] When Jesus died, true believers had to theologically compensate for the disaster."<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://jewishjournal.com/opinion/7255/|title=Why Jews Don't Accept Jesus — Jewish Journal|last=Wolpe|first=Rabbi David|date=2003-01-09|work=Jewish Journal|access-date=2017-07-12|language=en-US}}</ref>
===Rastafari===
In the early developments of the [[Rastafari]] religion, [[Haile Selassie]] (the Ethiopian Emperor) was regarded as a member of the [[Davidic line|House of David]], is worshipped as God [[incarnate]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/rastafari/beliefs/beliefs_1.shtml |title= Rastafarian beliefs |publisher=BBC |date=9 October 2009 |accessdate=12 September 2010}}</ref> and is thought to be the "black Jesus" and "black messiah" – the second coming of Christ.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RcBkDlJ7qjwC|title=Encyclopedia of Black Studies|isbn=9780761927624|last1=Asante|first1=Molefi Kete|last2=Mazama|first2=Ama|year=2005}}</ref> It was claimed that [[Marcus Garvey]] preached the coming of the black messiah on the eve of Selassie's coronation. Due to this prophecy, Selassie was the source of inspiration of the poor and uneducated Christian populations of [[Jamaica]], who believed that the Emperor would liberate the black people from the subjugation of European colonists.<ref>Charet, M. (2010). Root of David: The Symbolic Origins of Rastafari (No. 2). ISPCK.</ref>
===Paramahansa Yogananda's commentary===
In modern times some traditional Indian religious leaders have moved to embrace Jesus as an [[avatar]], or incarnation, of God. In light of this, the Indian guru [[Paramahansa Yogananda]], author of ''[[Autobiography of a Yogi]]'', wrote an extensive commentary on the Gospels published in 2004 in the two-volume set ''[[The Second Coming of Christ (book)|The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You]]''.<ref name="PY">Yogananda, Paramahansa. ''The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You.'' Self-Realization Fellowship, 2004. {{ISBN|978-0876125557}}</ref> The book offers a mystical interpretation of the Second Coming in which it is understood to be an inner experience, something that takes place within the individual heart. In the introduction of this book, Yogananda wrote that the true Second Coming is the resurrection within you of the Infinite Christ Consciousness. Also stated in the Book of Luke – "Neither shall they say, Lo here! or, lo there! for, behold, the kingdom of God is within you." ({{bibleverse|Luke|17:21|KJV}})
[[Daya Mata]] wrote in the preface of ''The Second Coming of Christ'' that the "two-volume scriptural treatise thus represents the inclusive culmination of Paramahansa Yogananda's divine commission to make manifest to the world the essence of original Christianity as taught by Jesus Christ." In sharing her memories of when she wrote down his words, she shares – "the great Guru, his face radiantly enraptured, as he records for the world the inspired exposition of the Gospel teachings imparted to him through direct, personal communion with Jesus of Nazareth."<ref name="PY"/> [[Larry Dossey]], M.D., wrote that "Paramahansa Yogananda’s ''The Second Coming of Christ'' is one of the most important analyses of Jesus’ teachings that exists....Many interpretations of Jesus’ words divide peoples, cultures, and nations; these foster unity and healing, and that is why they are vital for today’s world."<ref>Dossey, Larry. Author of ''Healing Words: The Power of Prayer and the Practice of Medicine'' Harper One. {{ISBN|978-0062502520}}</ref>
==In modern culture==
Jesus Christ returning to earth has been a theme in several movies and books, for example:
* ''[[The Seventh Sign]]'' – 1988 film starring [[Demi Moore]] about a pregnant lady who discovers the Second Coming of Christ has rented a room from her, in order to begin the countdown that will trigger the [[Apocalypse]].
* ''[[Left Behind]]'' – Film- and book-franchise (1995– ) built by [[Tim LaHaye]] and [[Jerry B. Jenkins]] based on the time-period before, during and after the Second Coming of Christ.
* ''[[End of Days (film)|End of Days]]'' – 1999 action-adventure film starring [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]] about a policeman who must stop Satan before he ends the world.
* ''Thief In the Night'' by [[William Sears (Bahá'í)|William Bernard Sears]] – The popular TV and radio personality plays the role of a detective in writing a book about identifying the clues and symbols from the Biblical prophecies of the return of the Christ that have been overlooked or misunderstood, and settles on a shocking conclusion (2002) [1961]. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. {{ISBN|0-85398-008-X}}.
* ''SCARS: Christian Fiction End-Times Thriller'' by Patience Prence – 2010 novel about a girl named Becky who struggles through the time of the [[Great Tribulation]].<ref>{{cite book|url =https://www.amazon.com/SCARS-Christian-Fiction-End-Times-Thriller-ebook/dp/B003XKNF1K/ref=cm_lmf_tit_1|first= Patience|last= Prence|title= SCARS: Christian Fiction End-Times Thriller|publisher= Spring Harvest |date= July 27, 2010|asin= B003XKNF1K}}</ref>
*''At the End of All Things'' by Stony Graves – 2011 novel about the days following the [[Rapture]], and right before the Final War between God and Satan.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13180182-at-the-end-of-all-things|title= ''At the End of All Things''|website =goodreads.com|accessdate= 2011}}</ref>
* ''The Second Coming: A Love Story'' by [[Scott Pinsker]] – 2014 novel about two men who claim to be the Second Coming of Christ. Each claims that the other is a liar – but only one is telling the truth.<ref>{{cite book|first= Scott|last= Pinsker|title= The Second Coming: A Love Story |date= June 5, 2014|isbn= 978-1500167219}}</ref>
* ''[[Black Jesus (TV series)|Black Jesus]]'' – [[Adult Swim]] television series (2014- ) created by [[Aaron McGruder]] and [[Mike Clattenburg]], tells the story of Jesus living in modern-day [[Compton, California]], and his efforts to spread love and kindness on a daily basis. He is supported in his mission by a small-but-loyal group of downtrodden followers, while facing conflicts involving corrupt preachers, ethnic tensions, and the hate spreading activities of the manager of his apartment complex.
==See also==
* [[False prophet]]
* [[Inaugurated eschatology]]
* [[Kalki]]
* [[List of messiah claimants]]
* [[List of people claimed to be Jesus]]
* [[Life of Jesus in the New Testament]]
* [[Realized eschatology]]
* [[The Second Coming (poem)|"The Second Coming" (poem)]], by William Butler Yeats
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Bibliography==
* [[C. S. Lewis]]. (1960). ''[[The World's Last Night and Other Essays]].'' [[Harcourt (publisher)#Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|Harcourt Brace Jovanovich]]. {{ISBN|0-15-698360-5}}
* [[Max Heindel]]. ''[http://www.rosicrucian.com/hkc/hkceng01.htm How Shall We Know Christ at His Coming?]'', May 1913 (stenographic report of a lecture, Los Angeles), {{ISBN|0-911274-64-2}}
* [[Markus Mühling]]. ''Grundinformation Eschatologie. Systematische Theologie aus der Perspektive der Hoffnung'', [[Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht]], [[Göttingen]] 2007, {{ISBN|978-3-525-03619-8}}, 221–241
* [[James Stuart Russell]]. ''The Parousia, A Careful Look at the New Testament Doctrine of the Lord's Second Coming'', London 1887
* [[Emanuel Swedenborg]]. ''The Consummation of the Age; the Coming of the Lord; and the New Heaven and New Church'', Chapter 14 in [http://swedenborgdigitallibrary.org/contets/tcrtc.html ''The True Christian Religion Containing the Universal Theology of The New Church Foretold by the Lord in Daniel 7; 13, 14; and in Revelation 21; 1,2''] (Swedenborg Foundation 1952)
* [[Henry Wansbrough]]. ''[[The New Jerusalem Bible]]'' (1990). [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]]. {{ISBN|0-385-14264-1}}
* [[Paramahansa Yogananda]]. ''The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You.'' Self-Realization Fellowship, 2004. {{ISBN|978-0876125557}}
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{commons category|Second Coming of Jesus Christ}}
* [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf207.ii.xix.html "Lecture XV: On the Clause, And Shall Come in Glory to Judge the Quick and the Dead; Of Whose Kingdom There Shall Be No End."], delivered by [[Cyril of Jerusalem]] in the mid-4th century.
* [http://www.allaboutgod.com/the-second-coming.htm "The Second Coming"], a summary article.
* [http://www.risenotes.com/poems/Summary-The-Second-Coming-W.B.Yeats.php A Critical Summary of "The Second Coming" by W.B Yeats-RiseNotes]
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[[Category:Controversies in Christian theology]]
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[[Category:Islamic eschatology]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{short description|Belief regarding the return of Jesus after his ascension}}
{{Other uses}}
[[Image:Icon second coming.jpg|thumb|Greek [[icon]] of Second Coming,SIKE BITCH JKJjkJK
I<ref></ref>
{{Gospel Jesus}}
The '''Second Coming''' (sometimes called the '''Second Advent''' or the '''[[Parousia]]''') is a [[Christianity|Christian]], [[Islam|Islamic]], [[Baháʼí Faith|Baháʼí]] and [[Messianic Judaism|Messianic Jewish]] belief regarding the return of [[Jesus]] after his [[Ascension of Jesus|ascension]] to [[Heaven (Christianity)|heaven]] about two thousand years ago. The idea is based on [[Jesus and messianic prophecy|messianic prophecies]] and is part of most [[Christian eschatologies]].
Views about the nature of Jesus's Second Coming vary among [[Christian denomination]]s and among individual Christians, as well as among Muslims.
==Terminology==
{{See also|Theophany|Christophany}}
Several different terms are used to refer to the Second Coming of Christ:
In the [[New Testament]], the Greek word ἐπιφάνεια (''epiphaneia'', appearing) is used five times to refer to the return of Christ.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G2015&t=KJV|title=Greek Lexicon :: G2015 (KJV)|work=[[Blue Letter Bible]]}}</ref>
The [[Novum Testamentum Graece|Greek New Testament]] uses the Greek term ''[[parousia]]'' (παρουσία, meaning "arrival", "coming", or "presence") twenty-four times, seventeen of them concerning Christ. However, parousia has the distinct reference to a period of time rather than an instance in time. At {{bibleverse|Matthew|24:37|KJV}} parousia is used to clearly describe the period of time that Noah lived. The Greek word ''eleusi''s which means "coming" is not interchangeable with parousia. So this parousia or "presence" would be unique and distinct from anything that had occurred before.<ref name=G3952>{{cite web |url=http://www.blueletterbible.org/cgi-bin/strongs.pl?strongs=3952 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825135034/http://www.blueletterbible.org/cgi-bin/strongs.pl?strongs=3952 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2010-08-25 |title=Strong's G3952 |publisher=Blueletterbible.org |accessdate=2009-11-21 }}</ref> The word is also used six times referring to individuals ([[Stephanas]], [[Fortunatus the Apostle|Fortunatus]] and [[Achaicus of Corinth|Achaicus]],{{bibleref2c|1Co|16:17|esv|1Co.16:17}} [[Titus]],{{bibleref2c|2Co.|7:6–72}} and [[Paul the Apostle]] {{bibleref2c|2Co.|10:10}}{{bibleref2c|Phil|1:26}}{{bibleref2c-nb|Phil|2:12}}) and one time referring to the "coming of the [[Man of Lawlessness|lawless one]]".{{bibleref2c|2Thes|2:9}}
[[Gustav Adolf Deissmann]] (1908)<ref>
{{cite book
|title= Light from the Ancient East:The New Testament Illustrated by Recently Discovered Texts of the Graeco-Roman World
|year= 1908
|author= Gustav Adolf Deissmann
}}</ref> showed that the Greek word ''parousia'' occurred as early as the 3rd century BC to describe the visit of a king or dignitary to a city – a visit arranged in order to show the visitor's magnificence to the people.
==Specific date predictions and claims==
{{Main|Predictions and claims for the Second Coming of Christ}}
Views about the nature of the Second Coming vary among Christian denominations and among individual Christians. A number of specific dates have been predicted for the Second Coming, some now in the distant past, others still in the future.
==Christian eschatological views==
{{Main|Christian eschatology}}
{{Christian Eschatology}}
Most [[English versions of the Nicene Creed]] include the following statements:{{cn|date=May 2020}}
{{quote|...he [[Ascension of Christ|ascended into heaven]] and is [[Session of Christ|seated]] at the [[Right Hand of God|right hand]] of the [[God the Father|Father]]. He will come again in his glory to [[Last Judgment|judge the living and the dead]], and [[Kingdom of God|his kingdom]] will have no end. ... We look for the [[resurrection of the dead]], and the life of the [[world to come]].}}
A 2010 survey showed that about 40% of Americans believe that Jesus is likely to return by 2050. This varies from 58% of white evangelical Christians, through 32% of Catholics to 27% of white mainline Protestants.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Public Sees a Future Full of Promise and Peril Section 3: War, Terrorism and Global Trends|url=http://www.people-press.org/2010/06/22/section-3-war-terrorism-and-global-trends/|date=June 22, 2010|publisher=Pew Research Center|accessdate=Feb 1, 2016}}</ref> Belief in the Second Coming was popularised in the US in the late nineteenth century by the evangelist [[Dwight L. Moody]] and the [[Premillennialism|premillennial interpretation]] became one of the core components of [[Christian fundamentalism]] in the 1920s.
===Early Christianity===
{{see also|Olivet Discourse#Imminence}}
Jesus was reported to have told his [[Disciple (Christianity)|disciples]],
{{quote|"Truly I tell you, this generation will certainly not pass away until all these things have happened."|{{bibleref2|Matt. 24:34; Mark 13:30; Luke 21:32}}}}
Given that in his next statement Jesus notes that the exact day and hour is unknown even to himself, the simple meaning of his previous statement is that the Second Coming was to be witnessed by people literally living in that same generation. Some, such as [[Jerome]], interpret the phrase "this generation" to mean in the lifetime of the [[Jewish race]]; however, other scholars believe that if Jesus meant "race" he would have used ''[[genos]]'' (race), not ''genea'' (generation).<ref>{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=tAO3ZU78I-0C&pg=PA24 |title= Is Jesus Coming Soon? |work= google.ca|isbn= 9780915815364 |last1= Demar |first1= Gary |date= August 1999 }}</ref><ref>1) Matthew, Douglas Hare, John Knox Press, Louisville, Kentucky, 1993, p. 281
2) The Gospel According to Saint Matthew, Alan Hugh M'Neile, Macmillan & Co., London 1949, p. 354-355
3) The Broadman Bible Commentary, Vol. 8, Clifton Allen, ed., Broadman Press, Nashville, TN 1969, p. 221
4) Critical and Exegetical Hand-Book To The Gospel of Matthew, Heinrich Meyer (1883), Alpha Pub., Winona Lake, IN 1980, p. 426
5) The Gospel According to Matthew, R.T. France, Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, MI, 1985, p. 346
6) A Commentary on The Gospel According to St. Matthew, Floyd Filson, [[Adam & Charles Black]] Pub., London, 1960, p. 257
7) Hard Sayings of the Bible, W. Kaiser, P. Davids, F.F. Bruce, M. Brauch, [[InterVarsity Press]], Downers Grove, Ill, 1996, pp. 445–448
8) Bible Commentary, Vol. 1, Charles Scribner's Sons, NY 1901, p. 144
9) The Imperial Bible Dictionary, Vol. II, Rev. [[Patrick Fairbairn]], [[Blackie and Son]], London, 1885, p. 352
10) The Great Tribulation, David Chilton, Dominion Press, Ft. Worth, TX 1987, p. 3
11) The Quest of the Historical Jesus, Dr. Albert Schweitzer, Macmillan, NY, 1968, p. 22
12) Apocalypse of The Gospels, Milton Terry (1819), chapter 18 reprinted and its pages renumbered in 1992 by John Bray, PO Box 90129, Lakeland, FL 33804, p. 34
13) The Parousia, [[J. Stuart Russell]], T. Fisher Unwin Pub., London, 1887, p. 85</ref>
[[Victor J. Stenger]] notes that Jesus is recorded as saying,
{{quote|...there are some standing here, which shall not taste death, till they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom "|{{bibleverse||Matt|16:28}}}} He makes similar predictions in five other places in the Gospels; {{bibleverse||Mark|9:1}}, {{bibleverse||Mark|13:30}}, {{bibleverse||Matt|24:34}}, {{bibleverse||Luke|9:27}}, {{bibleverse||Luke|21:32.}} In Stenger's view, when the coming did not happen within the life-times of his disciples, as Jesus prophesied, Christianity changed its emphasis to the [[resurrection]] and promise of [[Eternal life (Christianity)|eternal life]].<ref>Chapter 2, ' The Folly of Faith ' p54 in " The New Atheism " by Victor J. Stenger, published 2009 by [[Prometheus Books]], {{ISBN|978-1-59102-751-5}}</ref> Some believe that ultimately Jesus' statement proves true in the light of the vision of the return of the Son of Man later given to his disciple, John, on the Isle of Patmos, specifically as found in {{bibleverse||Revelation|19:11-19}}.{{Cn|date=July 2020}}
According to historian [[Charles Freeman (historian)|Charles Freeman]], [[early Christians]] expected Jesus to return within a generation of his death and the non-occurrence of the second coming surprised the early Christian communities.<ref>Freeman, Charles. ''[[The Closing of the Western Mind]]'', p. 133. Vintage. 2002.</ref>
{{Quote|
Children, it is the last hour; and just as you heard that [[Antichrist]] is coming, even now many antichrists have appeared; from this we know that it is the last hour.|{{Bibleref2|1John|2:18||1 John 2:18}}}}
===Preterism===
{{Main|Preterism}}
The position associating the Second Coming with [[Christianity in the 1st century|1st century events]] such as the [[Siege of Jerusalem (AD 70)|destruction of Jerusalem and of the Jewish Temple in AD 70]] is known as Preterism.<ref>1) Future Survival, [[Chuck Smith (pastor)|Chuck Smith]], The Word for Today, Costa Mesa, CA 1978, page 17
2) The Life of Jesus Critically Examined, Dr. [[David Strauss]], Sigler Press, Ramsey, NJ 1994, page 587
3) Jesus and The Last Days, George Murray, [[Hendrickson Publisher]], Peabody, Mass. 1993, pages 443–444
4) [[The Quest of the Historical Jesus]], Dr. Albert Schweitzer, [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]], NY, 1968, page 240
5) Last Days Madness, Gary DeMar, American Vision Inc., Atlanta, GA 1994, page 114
6) The Parousia, Stuart Russell, [[T. Fisher Unwin]] Pub., London, 1887, page 84
7) The Decline & Fall of the Roman Empire, Edward Gibbon, [[Penguin Books]], NY 1985, page 276
8) Apocalypse of The Gospels, Milton Terry, (1819), chapter 18 reprinted and its pages renumbered in 1992 by John Bray, PO Box 90129, Lakeland, FL 33804, pages 34 & 38
</ref>
Some Preterists see this "coming of the Son of Man in glory" primarily fulfilled in Jesus' death on the cross. They believe the apocalyptic signs are already fulfilled including "[[Crucifixion darkness and eclipse|the sun will be dark]]" (cf. {{bibleref2|Mark|13:24–15:33}}), the "powers ... will be shaken," (cf. {{bibleref2|Mark|13:25–14:63, 15:5}}) and "then they will see" (cf. {{bibleref2|Mark|13:26–15:31, 15:39}}). Yet some critics note that many are missing, such as "But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night, in which the heavens will pass away with a great noise, and the elements will melt with fervent heat; both the earth and the works that are in it will be burned up." ({{bibleref2|2 Peter 3:10}}).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.whitehorsemedia.com/articles/?d=27 |title= White Horse Media |author= Austin Best |work= whitehorsemedia.com}}</ref> And "Then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory." ({{bibleref2|Matthew 24:30}})<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.whitehorsemedia.com/articles/?d=61 |title= White Horse Media |author= Austin Best |work= whitehorsemedia.com}}</ref>
===Catholic and Orthodox===
{{See also|Katechon}}
[[Image:Michelangelo Buonarroti - Jugement dernier.jpg|thumb|''[[The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)|The Last Judgment]]'' by [[Michelangelo]] (1541) in the [[Sistine Chapel]], Rome.]]
It is the traditional view of [[Roman Catholics]] and [[Orthodox Christians]], preserved from the early Church, that the Second Coming will be a sudden and unmistakable incident, like "a flash of lightning".{{Bibleref2c|Mt|24:27}} They hold the general view that Jesus will not spend any time on the earth in ministry or preaching, but come to judge mankind.<ref name="orthodoxphotos%252Ecom">{{cite web|url=http://www.orthodoxphotos.com/readings/sign/coming.shtml |title=Jesus is Coming Soon |publisher=Orthodoxphotos.com |date= |accessdate=2009-11-21}}</ref> They also agree that the ministry of the Antichrist will take place right before the Second Coming.<ref name="orthodoxphotos%252Ecom" />
Many Christian denominations consider this second coming of Christ to be the final and eternal judgment by [[God]] of the people in every [[nation]]<ref>[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08552a.htm Catholic Encyclopedia: General Judgment]: "Few truths are more often or more clearly proclaimed in Scripture than that of the general judgment. To it the prophets of the Old Testament refer when they speak of the '[[Day of the Lord]]' ({{bibleverse|Joel|2:31|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Ezekiel|13:5|KJV}}; 93-231700-6 register Holy BIBLE service name number Jermaine Thomas McCoy 93-231700-6 {{bibleverse|Isaiah|2:12|KJV}}), in which the nations will be summoned to judgment by the Fathers. In the New Testament the [[Parousia]], or coming of Christ as Judge of the world, is an oft-repeated doctrine. The Saviour Himself not only foretells the event but graphically portrays its circumstances ({{bibleverse|Matthew|24:27|KJV}} sqq.;SGT john 1:18 Parish all world threw Justice hall Dean Jermaine Thomas McCoy {{bibleverse-nb|Matthew|25:31|KJV}} sqq.). The Apostles Malachi peter phophet labour give a most prominent place to this doctrine in their preaching ({{bibleverse|Acts|10:42|KJV}}; {{bibleverse-nb|Acts|17:31|KJV}}) and writings ({{bibleverse|Romans|2:5–16|KJV}}; {{bibleverse-nb|Romans|14:10|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1 Corinthians|4:5|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Corinthians|5:10|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Timothy|4:1|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|1:5|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|James|5:7|KJV}}). Besides the name Parusia (parousia), or Advent ({{bibleverse|1 Corinthians|15:23|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|2:19}}), the Second Coming is also called Epiphany, epiphaneia, or Appearance ({{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|2:8}}; {{bibleverse|1 Timothy|6:14|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Timothy|4:1|KJV}}; {{bibleverse||Titus|2:13}}), and [[Apocalypse]] (apokalypsis), or Revelation ({{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|2:7|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1|Peter|4:13}}). The time of the Second Coming is spoken of as 'that Day' ({{bibleverse|2 Timothy|4:8|KJV}}), 'the day of the Lord' ({{bibleverse|1 Thessalonians|5:2|KJV}}), 'the day of Christ' ({{bibleverse|Philemon|1:6|KJV}}), 'the day of the Son of Man' ({{bibleverse|Luke|17:30|KJV}}), 'the last day' ({{bibleverse|John|6:39–40|KJV}}). The belief in the general judgment has prevailed at all times and in all places within the Church. It is contained as an article of faith in all the ancient creeds: 'He ascended into heaven. From thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead' ([[Apostles' Creed]]). The two shall come again with glory to judge both the living and the dead' ([[Nicene Creed]]). 'From thence they shall come to judge the living and the dead, at whose coming all men must rise with their bodies and are to render an account of their deeds' ([[Athanasian Creed]]). Relying on the authority of [[Papias of Hierapolis|Papias]], several Fathers of the first four centuries advanced the theory of a thousand years' terrestrial reign of Christ with the saints to precede the end of the World (see article on MILLENNIUM). Though this idea is interwoven with the eschatological teachings of those writers, it in no way detracted from their belief in a universal world-judgment. Patristic testimony to this dogma is clear and unanimous."</ref> resulting in the glorification of some and the punishment of others. The concept is found in all the [[Canonical gospels]], particularly the [[Gospel of Matthew]].
A decisive factor in this Last Judgement during the second coming of Christ will be the question, if the corporal and spiritual [[works of mercy]] were practiced or not during lifetime. They rate as important acts of mercy, charity and justice. Therefore, and according to the Biblical sources ([[Matthew 25:31]]–[[Matthew 25:46|46]]), the conjunction of the Last Judgement and the [[works of mercy]] is very frequent in the pictorial tradition of Christian art.<ref>[[Ralf van Bühren]], ''[http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23753234.2017.1287283 Caravaggio's 'Seven Works of Mercy' in Naples. The relevance of art history to cultural journalism]'', in ''Church, Communication and Culture'' 2 (2017), pp. 63–87.</ref>
Orthodox layman Alexander Kalomiros explains the original Church's position regarding the Second Coming in ''River of Fire''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stnectariospress.com/the-river-of-fire|title=THE RIVER OF FIRE|work=Saint Nectarios Press and Book Center}}</ref> and ''Against False Union'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.roacusa.org/htdocs/Catechism/AGAINST%20FALSE%20UNION.pdf|title=Against False Union|publisher=[[Russian Orthodox Autonomous Church]] (ROAC) of America}}</ref> stating that those who contend that Christ will reign on earth for a thousand years "do not wait for Christ, but for the Antichrist." The idea of Jesus returning to this earth as a king is a heretical concept to the Church, equated to "the expectations of the Jews who wanted the Messiah to be an earthly King." The Church instead teaches that which it has taught since the beginning.
According to the Catholic Church, the second coming will bring about the fullness of the reign of God and the consummation of the [[universe]], mankind, and salvation.<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p123a12.htm#1042 Catechism of the Catholic Church 1042–1050]</ref> The Catholic Church believes there are three things that hasten the return of Jesus: the transforming power of the [[Holy Spirit]] in the [[liturgy]];<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p2s1c1a1.htm#1107 Catechism of the Catholic Church 1107]</ref> living with the mind of Jesus;<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p3s1c3a3.htm#2046 Catechism of the Catholic Church 2046]</ref> and praying for the Lord to come, above all in the [[Eucharist]].<ref>[https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p1s2c2a7.htm#671 Catechism of the Catholic Church 671]</ref>
===Protestant===
[[Image:Second Coming of Christ window.jpg|thumb|The ''Second Coming of Christ'' [[stained glass]] window at [[St. Matthew's German Evangelical Lutheran Church]] in [[Charleston, South Carolina]], [[United States]].]]
The many [[Christian denomination|denominations]] of [[Protestantism]] have differing views on the exact details of Christ's second coming. Only a handful of Christian organizations claim complete and authoritative interpretation of the typically symbolic and prophetic biblical sources.
A short reference to the second coming is contained in the Nicene Creed: "He [Jesus] shall come again in glory to judge the living and the dead; and His kingdom shall have no end." An analogous statement is also in the biblical Pauline Creed ({{bibleverse|1 Corinthians|15:23|KJV}}).
Some Protestant churches proclaim the [[Memorial Acclamation|Mystery of Faith]] to be: "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again." <ref>Anglican Church of Canada, ''Book of Alternative Services'', p 195</ref><ref>Paul E. Engle and John H. Armstrong, eds., Understanding Four Views on the Lord’s Supper, Zondervan Counterpoints Collection (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2007), 46.</ref><ref>Tabletalk Magazine, March 2005: The Exaltation of Christ (Lake Mary, FL: Ligonier Ministries, 2005), 11.</ref>
===The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints===
{{main|Second Coming (LDS Church)}}
[[standard works|Latter-day Saint scriptures]] say that Christ will return, as stated in the Bible. They also teach that {{quote|When the Savior comes again, He will come in power and glory to claim the earth as His kingdom. His Second Coming will mark the beginning of the Millennium. The Second Coming will be a fearful, mournful time for the wicked, but it will be a day of peace for the righteous.<ref>{{citation |contribution-url= https://www.lds.org/topics/second-coming-of-jesus-christ |contribution= Second Coming of Jesus Christ |title= Study Helps: Gospel Topics |publisher= LDS Church |accessdate= 2014-07-09 }}.</ref>}} The LDS Church and its leaders do not make predictions of the actual date of the Second Coming.
[[Latter-day Saints]] have particularly distinct and specific interpretations of what are considered to be signs stated in the [[Book of Revelation]].<ref>{{citation |contribution-url= https://www.lds.org/manual/gospel-principles/chapter-43-signs-of-the-second-coming |contribution= Chapter 43: Signs of the Second Coming |title= Gospel Principles |place= [[Salt Lake City]], Utah |publisher= [[LDS Church]] |year= 2011 |pages= 251–256 |title-link= Gospel Principles }}.</ref>
According to LDS Church teachings, the restored [[gospel]] will be taught in all parts of the world prior to the Second Coming.<ref name="Matthew 24:14">[https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/nt/matt/24.14?lang=eng Matthew 24:14] KJV</ref> Church members believe that there will be increasingly severe wars, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other man-made and natural disasters prior to the Second Coming.<ref>{{lds|Doctrine and Covenants|dc|45|26}}</ref>
===Seventh-day Adventists===
{{main|Seventh-day Adventist eschatology}}
Fundamental Belief #25 of the [[Seventh-day Adventist Church]] states:
{{Quote|
The second coming of Christ is the blessed hope of the church, the grand climax of the gospel. The Saviour's coming will be literal, personal, visible, and worldwide. When He returns, the righteous dead will be resurrected, and together with the righteous living will be glorified and taken to heaven, but the unrighteous will die. The almost complete fulfillment of most lines of prophecy, together with the present condition of the world, indicates that Christ's coming is imminent. The time of that event has not been revealed, and we are therefore exhorted to be ready at all times ({{bibleverse|Titus|2:13|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Hebrews|9:28|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|John|14:1–3|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Acts|1:9-11|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Matthew|24:14|KJV}}; [[Revelation 1:7]]; {{bibleverse|Matthew|24:43, 44|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1 Thessalonians|4:13–18|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1 Corinthians|15:51–54|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Thessalonians|1:7–10|KJV}}; {{bibleverse-nb|2 Thessalonians|2:8|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Revelation|14:14–20|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|Revelation|19:11–21|KJV}}; [[Matthew 24]]; [[Mark 13]]; [[Luke 21]]; {{bibleverse|2 Timothy|3:1–5|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|1 Thessalonians|5:1–6|KJV}}).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.adventist.org/fileadmin/adventist.org/files/articles/official-statements/28Beliefs-Web.pdf|title=28 Fundamental Beliefs of the Seventh-day Adventists|page=11 (last page) of the pdf file}}</ref>|}}
===Jehovah's Witnesses===
[[Jehovah's Witnesses]] rarely use the term "second coming", preferring the term "presence" as a translation of ''parousia''.<ref>"Appendix 5B Christ's Presence (Parousia)", ''New World Translation—Large Reference Edition'', [[Watch Tower Society]], 1984.</ref> They believe that Jesus' comparison of ''"the presence of the Son of man"'' with ''"the days of Noah"'' at {{bibleverse|Matthew|24:37–39|KJV}} and {{bibleverse|Luke|17:26–30|KJV}} suggests a duration rather than a moment of arrival.<ref>"Presence", ''Insight on the Scriptures – Volume 2'', ©1988 Watch Tower, page 677.</ref> They also believe that biblical chronology points to 1914<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Awake!|title=1900 Onward—Skirts Splattered With Blood|date=November 8, 1989|page=22}}</ref> as the start of Christ's "presence", which continues until the final battle of [[Armageddon]]. Other biblical expressions they correlate with this period include "the time of the end" ({{bibleverse|Daniel|12:4|KJV}}), "the conclusion of the system of things" ({{bibleverse|Matthew|13:40|KJV}},{{bibleverse|Matthew|13:49|KJV|49}}; {{bibleverse-nb|Matthew|24:3|KJV}}) and "the last days" ({{bibleverse|2 Timothy|3:1|KJV}}; {{bibleverse|2 Peter|3:3|KJV}})<!-- Note that preceding Scriptural citations are needed since these terms are far from universal across various Bible translations. -->.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Keep Jehovah's Day Close in Mind|journal=The Watchtower|date=September 1, 1997|page=21}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|journal=The Watchtower|title=No Peace for the Wicked Ones|date=July 1, 1987|page=13}}</ref> Witnesses believe Christ's [[millennialism|millennial reign]] begins after Armageddon.<ref>{{cite journal|title=There Is a Future for the Dead|journal=The Watchtower|date=April 1, 1968|page=200}}</ref>
===Emanuel Swedenborg and the New Church===
[[Emanuel Swedenborg]], an 18th century scientist turned theologian, taught that his time (that historians have called the [[Age of Enlightenment]]) was an age of darkness and doubt for the Christian church. Historian Marguerite Beck Block writes,
{{quote|Now therefore it was time for a new church to be founded upon the earth, and for this purpose it was necessary for the Lord Himself to make his Second Coming to the sons of men.
"The night is followed by a morning which is the coming of the Lord. . . . The prevailing opinion in the churches at the present day is, that when the Lord shall come for the last judgment. He will appear in the clouds of heaven with angels and the sound of trumpets, etc.," but this opinion is erroneous. The Second Coming of the Lord is not a coming in person, but in spirit and in the Word, which is from
Him, and is Himself. . . . Heretofore it has not been known that ‘the clouds of heaven’ mean the Word in the sense of the letter, and that the ‘glory and power’ in which He is then to come, mean the spiritual sense of the Word, because no one as yet has had the least conjecture that there is a spiritual sense in the Word, such as this sense is in itself. But as the Lord has now opened to me the spiritual sense of the Word, and has granted me to be associated with angels and spirits in their world as one of them, it is now disclosed.
. . . This Second Coming of the Lord is effected by means of a man to whom the Lord has manifested Himself in Person, and whom He has filled with His Spirit, that he may teach the doctrines of the New Church from the Lord by means of the Word. . . . That the Lord manifested Himself before me. His servant, and sent me to this office, . . . I affirm in truth.”<ref>{{cite book |last1=Block |first1=Marguerite Beck |title=The New Church in the New World |date=1932 |publisher=Henry Holt and Company |location=New York |page=38}}</ref>}}
===Esoteric Christian teachings===
<!-- This section is linked from [[Last Judgment]] and [[Rosicrucian Fellowship]] -->
{{See also|Last Judgment#Esoteric Christian tradition|l1=Last Judgment (Esoteric Christian tradition)}}
In [[Rosicrucian]] [[Esoteric Christianity|esoteric Christian]] teaching, there is a distinction between the cosmic Christ, or Christ without, and the Christ within.<ref>[[The Rosicrucian Fellowship]], ''[http://www.rosicrucian.com/zineen/pamen016.htm Eastern and Western Spiritual Alternatives]''</ref> According to this tradition, the Christ within is regarded as the true Saviour who needs to be born within each individual<ref>{{Bibleref2|Galatians|4:19}}</ref> in order to evolve toward the future Sixth [[Root Race|Epoch]] in the Earth's [[etheric plane]], that is, toward the "new heavens and a new earth":<ref>{{Bibleref2|2Pet|3:13}}, {{Bibleref2-nb|2Pet|3:7}}</ref> the ''[[New Galilee (Sixth Epoch)|New Galilee]].''<ref>[[Max Heindel|Heindel, Max]], ''[http://www.rosicrucian.com/hkc/hkceng01.htm How Shall We Know Christ at His Coming?]'', May 1913 (stenographic report of a lecture, [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]]), {{ISBN|0-911274-64-2}}</ref> The Second Coming or Advent of the Christ is not in a physical body,<ref>{{Bibleref2|1Cor|15:50}}, {{Bibleref2|John|18:36}}</ref> but in the new ''soul body'' of each individual in the etheric plane of the planet<ref>{{Bibleref2|2Cor|5:1–3}}, Greek "politeuma" [commonwealth], "Our commonwealth is in heaven ...": {{Bibleref2|Philippians|3:20–21}}</ref> where man "shall be caught up in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air."<ref>{{Bibleref2|Matthew|24:30}}, {{Bibleref2|1Thess|4:17}}, {{Bibleref2|Acts|1:10–11}}, {{Bibleref2|1John|3:2}}</ref> The "day and hour" of this event is not known.<ref>{{Bibleref2|Matthew|24:23–27}}</ref> The esoteric Christian tradition teaches that first there will be a preparatory period as the [[Sun]] enters [[Aquarius (astrology)|Aquarius]], an [[Astrology|astrological]] concept, by precession: the coming [[Age of Aquarius]].<ref>[http://www.rosicrucian.com/zineen/magen119.htm The Aquarian Age] (cf. {{Bibleref2|1Cor|2:6–16}})</ref>
==Islam==
===Traditional view===
{{Main|Jesus in Islam|Islamic eschatology}}
In Islam, Jesus (or [[Isa (name)|Isa]]; {{lang-ar|عيسى}} {{transl|ar|DIN|ʿĪsā}}) is considered to be a [[Prophets and messengers in Islam|Messenger of God]] and the [[Messiah#Islam|''Masih'' (messiah)]] who was sent to guide the [[Israelites]] (''banī isrā'īl'') with a new scripture, the ''[[Gospel in Islam|Injīl]]''.<ref>[[The Oxford Dictionary of Islam]], p.158</ref> The belief in Jesus (and all other messengers of God) is required in Islam, and a requirement of being a [[Muslim]]. However, Muslims do not recognize Jesus as the Son of God, as they believe God has no equals, but instead as a prophet. The [[Quran]] states that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary. Muslims believe that Jesus performed all the miracles in the [[Gospels]] (with God's permission), but do not believe that Jesus was crucified.
In the Quran, the second coming of Jesus is heralded in [[Az-Zukhruf]] (the Quran's 43rd [[surah]] or chapter) as a sign of the Day of Judgment.
{{quote|And (Jesus) shall be a Sign (for the coming of) the Hour (of Judgment): therefore have no doubt about the (Hour), but follow ye Me: this is a Straight Way. 43:61<ref>{{cite web|last1=Yusuf Ali|first1=Abdullah|title=Surah Az-zukhruf|url=http://www.islam101.com/quran/yusufAli/QURAN/43.htm}}</ref>}}
Ibn Kathir presents this verse as proof of Jesus' second coming in the Quran in ''Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim''.<ref>{{cite web|last1=kathir|first1=Ibn|title=Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim|url=http://www.qtafsir.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2076&Itemid=99}}</ref>
There are also [[hadith]]s that foretell Jesus' future return such as:<ref name="EoI-Isa">"Isa", Encyclopedia of Islam</ref> [[Sahih al-Bukhari]], Volume 3, Book 43: ''Kitab-ul-`Ilm'' (Book of Knowledge), Hâdith Number 656:
{{quote|The Hour will not be established until the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you as a just ruler, he will break the cross (idol symbol of Christians), kill the pigs, and abolish the ''[[Jizya]]'' tax. Money will be in abundance so that nobody will accept it (as charitable gifts).|reference=[[Muhammad]]<ref>{{Hadith-usc|bukhari|usc=yes|3|43|656}}</ref>}}
According to Islamic tradition, Jesus' descent will be in the midst of wars fought by the ''[[Mahdi]]'' (''lit''. "the rightly guided one"), known in Islamic eschatology as the redeemer of Islam, against the ''[[Masih ad-Dajjal]]'' (literally "false messiah", synonymous with the Antichrist) and his followers.<ref name="S209">{{cite book|last=Sonn|first=Tamara|title=Islam: History, Religion, and Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nPNmCgAAQBAJ|date=2015|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-1-118-97230-4|page=209}}</ref> Jesus will descend at the point of a white arcade, east of [[Damascus]], dressed in saffron robes—his head anointed. He will then join the ''Mahdi'' in his war against the ''Dajjal''. Jesus, considered in Islam as a Muslim (one who submits to God) and one of God's messengers, will abide by the Islamic teachings. Eventually, Jesus will slay the Antichrist ''Dajjal'', and then everyone from the [[People of the Book]] (''ahl al-kitāb'', referring to Jews and Christians) will believe in him. Thus, there will be one community, that of Islam. {{Hadith-usc|muslim|usc=yes|41|7023}}
After the death of the ''Mahdi'', Jesus will assume leadership. This is a time associated in Islamic narrative with universal peace and justice. Islamic texts also allude to the appearance of [[Gog and Magog#Qur'an|Ya'juj and Ma'juj]] (known also as Gog and Magog), ancient tribes that will disperse and cause disturbance on earth. God, in response to Jesus' prayers, will kill them by sending a type of worm in the napes of their necks.<ref name="S209"/> Jesus' rule is said to be around forty years, after which he will die, (according to Islam Jesus did not die on the cross but was taken up to heaven and continues to live until his return in the second coming). Muslims will then perform the ''[[Salat al-Janazah]]'' (funeral prayer) for him and bury him in the city of [[Medina]] in a grave left vacant beside [[Muhammad in Islam|Muhammad]].<ref name="EoI-Isa"/>
===Ahmadiyya===
[[File:Hadhrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad2.jpg|thumb|[[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]]]]
{{main|Jesus in Ahmadiyya Islam}}
The [[Ahmadi]] sect, who identify as Muslims, believe that the promised [[Mahdi]] and Messiah arrived in the person of [[Mirza Ghulam Ahmad]] (1835–1908). This is generally rejected by mainstream Muslims, who do not recognize the Ahmadiyya as legitimate Muslims.{{fact|date=August 2020}}
The ''[[hadith]]'' (sayings of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad) and the [[Bible]] indicated that Jesus would return during the latter days. Islamic tradition commonly depicts that Jesus, upon his second coming, would be an ''Ummati'' (Muslim) and a follower of Muhammad and that he would revive the truth of Islam rather than fostering a new religion.
The Ahmadiyya movement interpret the Second Coming of Jesus prophesied as being that of a person "similar to Jesus" (''mathīl-i ʿIsā'') and not his physical return, in the same way as [[John the Baptist]] resembled the character of the biblical prophet [[Elijah]] in Christianity. Ahmadis believe that Ghulam Ahmad demonstrated that the prophecy in Muslim and Christian religious texts were traditionally misunderstood to suggest that Jesus of Nazareth himself would return, and hold that Jesus survived the [[Crucifixion of Jesus|crucifixion]] and later died a natural death. Ahmadis consider Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (the founder of the movement), in both his character and teachings, to be representative of Jesus, and that he attained the same spiritual rank of Prophethood as Jesus. Thus, Ahmadis believe this prediction was fulfilled and continued by his movement.<ref>[http://www.alislam.org/library/books/promisedmessiah/index.htm?page=63 “A Prophet Like Unto Moses”], The Promised Mehdi and Messiha, by Dr. Aziz Ahmad Chaudhry, Islam International Publications Limited</ref><ref name="muslim.org">[http://www.muslim.org/bookspdf/fourques.pdf The Four Questions Answered], by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, AAIIL 1996</ref>
==Other views and commentaries==
{{Eschatology}}
===Baha'i Faith===
According to the [[Bahá'í Faith]], the Second Coming is based on the concept of a gradual process that coincides with the advancement of human civilization from the beginning of humanity. It teaches that the founders of the major world religions each represent a return of the Word and Spirit of God as a new, unique personification sent by God, who introduces new teachings, laws and revelations, such that all major religions are part of a [[progressive revelation (Baháʼí)|progressive revelation]]. Each Coming is said to build upon the major world religions emerging from earlier ages, verifying previous spiritual truths, and fulfilling its prophesies regarding a future return or coming. In this context, the Second Coming is depicted as a continuation of God's will in one continuous faith, with different names as presented by the founders of each religion as the voice of God at different times in history.
[[Bahá'u'lláh]] announced that he was a manifestation of the returned Christ, understood as a reappearance of the Word and Spirit of God:{{quote|O thou who art waiting, tarry no longer, for He is come. Behold His Tabernacle and His Glory dwelling therein. It is the Ancient Glory, with a new Manifestation.<ref>{{cite book|author=J. E. Esslemont|title=Baha'u'llah and the New Era|date=2006|publisher=Bahai World Centre|location=[[Bahá'í World Centre]]|isbn=0-87743-136-1|pages=23|url=https://www.bahai.org/library/other-literature/publications-individual-authors/bahaullah-new-era/}}</ref>}} He wrote to [[Pope Pius IX]], {{quote|He Who is the Lord of Lords is come overshadowed with clouds... He, verily, hath again come down from Heaven even as He came down from it the first time. Beware that thou dispute not with Him even as the Pharisees disputed with Him without a clear token or proof.<ref>{{cite book|author=Baha'u'llah|title=The Summons of the Lord of Hosts|date=2002|publisher=Bahai World Centre|location=[[Bahá'í World Centre]]|isbn=978-1-931847-33-9|pages=54–55|url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/slh-5.html}}</ref>}} He referred to himself as the ''[[Ancient of Days]]'' and the ''Pen of Glory'',<ref name="summonspage57">{{cite book|author=Baha'u'llah|title=The Summons of the Lord of Hosts|date=2002|publisher=Bahai World Centre|location=[[Haifa]], Israel|isbn=978-1-931847-33-9|page=57|url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/slh-5.html}}</ref> and also claimed:{{quote|This is the Father foretold by Isaiah, and the Comforter concerning Whom the Spirit had covenanted with you. Open your eyes, O concourse of bishops, that ye may behold your Lord seated upon the Throne of might and glory.<ref>{{cite book|author=Baha'u'llah|title=The Summons of the Lord of Hosts|date=2002|publisher=Bahai World Centre|location=Haifa, Israel|isbn=978-1-931847-33-9|pages=63|url=http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/slh-5.html}}</ref>}} Baha'u'llah also wrote, {{Quote|Say: We, in truth, have given Ourself as a ransom for your own lives. Alas, when We came once again, We beheld you fleeing from Us, whereat the eye of My loving-kindness wept sore over My people."<ref name="summonspage57"/>}}
Followers of the Bahá'í Faith believe that prophecies of the second coming of Jesus (along with prophecies from other religions) were fulfilled by the [[Báb]] in 1844 and then by the events occurring during the days of Bahá'u'lláh.<ref>{{Cite book| title = Studies in Modern Religions, Religious Movements and the Bābī-Bahā'ī Faiths | editor = Sharon, Moshe | chapter = The eschatology of Globalization: The multiple-messiahship of Bahā'u'llāh revisited | first = Christopher | last = Buck | isbn = 978-90-04-13904-6 | location = Boston | publisher = Brill | year = 2004 | pages = 143–178 | chapter-url = http://bahai-library.com/buck_eschatology_globalization }}</ref> They believe that the fulfillment of Christian prophecies by Baha'u'llah is similar to Jesus' fulfillment of Jewish prophecies, where in both cases people were expecting the literal fulfillment of apocalyptic statements that led to rejections of the Return, instead of accepting fulfillment in symbolic and spiritual ways. Bahá'ís understand that the return of the Christ with a new name was intended by Jesus to be a Return in a spiritual sense, due to Jesus explaining in the Gospels that the return of Elijah in John the Baptist was a return in a spiritual sense.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.bci.org/prophecy-fulfilled/|title=Baha'i: Prophecy Fulfilled Homepage|work=bci.org|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19990508221018/http://bci.org/prophecy-fulfilled/|archivedate=1999-05-08}}</ref><ref name="bahai-library1">{{cite web|first=Stephen |last=Lambden |url=http://bahai-library.com/bsr/bsr09/9B3_lambden_armageddon.htm |title=Catastrophe, Armageddon and Millennium: some aspects of the Bábí-Baha'i exegesis of apocalyptic symbolism |publisher=Bahai-library.com |date= |accessdate=2009-11-21}}</ref>
===Judaism===
{{Main|Judaism's view of Jesus}}
{{See also|Rejection of Jesus}}
[[Judaism]] teaches that Jesus is one of the false [[Jewish Messiah claimants]] because he failed to fulfill any [[Jewish messianism|Messianic prophecies]], which include:
<blockquote>
# Build the [[Third Temple]] ({{bibleverse|Ezekiel|37:26–28|KJV}}).
# Gather all Jews back to the Land of Israel ({{bibleverse|Isaiah|43:5–6|KJV}}).
# Usher in an era of world peace, and end all hatred, oppression, suffering and disease. As it says: "Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall man learn war anymore." ({{bibleverse|Isaiah|2:4|KJV}})
# Spread universal knowledge of the God of Israel, which will unite humanity as one. As it says: "God will be King over all the world ― on that day, God will be One and His Name will be One" ({{bibleverse|Zechariah|14:9|KJV}}).<ref name=simmons>[[Shraga Simmons|Simmons, Rabbi Shraga]], [http://www.aish.com/jw/s/48892792.html "Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"]. Accessed December 22, 2011.</ref></blockquote> Regarding the Christian idea that these prophecies will be fulfilled during a "second coming," ''[[Ohr Somayach, Jerusalem|Ohr Samayach]]'' states "we find this to be a contrived answer, since there is no mention of a second coming in the Jewish Bible. Second, why couldn't God accomplish His goals the first time round?"<ref name=ohr>[http://ohr.edu/ask_db/ask_main.php/2637/Q1/ "Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"], Ohr Somayach – ''Ask the Rabbi''. Accessed December 22, 2011.</ref> Rabbi [[David Wolpe]] believes that the Second Coming was "grown out of genuine disappointment. [...] When Jesus died, true believers had to theologically compensate for the disaster."<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://jewishjournal.com/opinion/7255/|title=Why Jews Don't Accept Jesus — Jewish Journal|last=Wolpe|first=Rabbi David|date=2003-01-09|work=Jewish Journal|access-date=2017-07-12|language=en-US}}</ref>
===Rastafari===
In the early developments of the [[Rastafari]] religion, [[Haile Selassie]] (the Ethiopian Emperor) was regarded as a member of the [[Davidic line|House of David]], is worshipped as God [[incarnate]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/rastafari/beliefs/beliefs_1.shtml |title= Rastafarian beliefs |publisher=BBC |date=9 October 2009 |accessdate=12 September 2010}}</ref> and is thought to be the "black Jesus" and "black messiah" – the second coming of Christ.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RcBkDlJ7qjwC|title=Encyclopedia of Black Studies|isbn=9780761927624|last1=Asante|first1=Molefi Kete|last2=Mazama|first2=Ama|year=2005}}</ref> It was claimed that [[Marcus Garvey]] preached the coming of the black messiah on the eve of Selassie's coronation. Due to this prophecy, Selassie was the source of inspiration of the poor and uneducated Christian populations of [[Jamaica]], who believed that the Emperor would liberate the black people from the subjugation of European colonists.<ref>Charet, M. (2010). Root of David: The Symbolic Origins of Rastafari (No. 2). ISPCK.</ref>
===Paramahansa Yogananda's commentary===
In modern times some traditional Indian religious leaders have moved to embrace Jesus as an [[avatar]], or incarnation, of God. In light of this, the Indian guru [[Paramahansa Yogananda]], author of ''[[Autobiography of a Yogi]]'', wrote an extensive commentary on the Gospels published in 2004 in the two-volume set ''[[The Second Coming of Christ (book)|The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You]]''.<ref name="PY">Yogananda, Paramahansa. ''The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You.'' Self-Realization Fellowship, 2004. {{ISBN|978-0876125557}}</ref> The book offers a mystical interpretation of the Second Coming in which it is understood to be an inner experience, something that takes place within the individual heart. In the introduction of this book, Yogananda wrote that the true Second Coming is the resurrection within you of the Infinite Christ Consciousness. Also stated in the Book of Luke – "Neither shall they say, Lo here! or, lo there! for, behold, the kingdom of God is within you." ({{bibleverse|Luke|17:21|KJV}})
[[Daya Mata]] wrote in the preface of ''The Second Coming of Christ'' that the "two-volume scriptural treatise thus represents the inclusive culmination of Paramahansa Yogananda's divine commission to make manifest to the world the essence of original Christianity as taught by Jesus Christ." In sharing her memories of when she wrote down his words, she shares – "the great Guru, his face radiantly enraptured, as he records for the world the inspired exposition of the Gospel teachings imparted to him through direct, personal communion with Jesus of Nazareth."<ref name="PY"/> [[Larry Dossey]], M.D., wrote that "Paramahansa Yogananda’s ''The Second Coming of Christ'' is one of the most important analyses of Jesus’ teachings that exists....Many interpretations of Jesus’ words divide peoples, cultures, and nations; these foster unity and healing, and that is why they are vital for today’s world."<ref>Dossey, Larry. Author of ''Healing Words: The Power of Prayer and the Practice of Medicine'' Harper One. {{ISBN|978-0062502520}}</ref>
==In modern culture==
Jesus Christ returning to earth has been a theme in several movies and books, for example:
* ''[[The Seventh Sign]]'' – 1988 film starring [[Demi Moore]] about a pregnant lady who discovers the Second Coming of Christ has rented a room from her, in order to begin the countdown that will trigger the [[Apocalypse]].
* ''[[Left Behind]]'' – Film- and book-franchise (1995– ) built by [[Tim LaHaye]] and [[Jerry B. Jenkins]] based on the time-period before, during and after the Second Coming of Christ.
* ''[[End of Days (film)|End of Days]]'' – 1999 action-adventure film starring [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]] about a policeman who must stop Satan before he ends the world.
* ''Thief In the Night'' by [[William Sears (Bahá'í)|William Bernard Sears]] – The popular TV and radio personality plays the role of a detective in writing a book about identifying the clues and symbols from the Biblical prophecies of the return of the Christ that have been overlooked or misunderstood, and settles on a shocking conclusion (2002) [1961]. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. {{ISBN|0-85398-008-X}}.
* ''SCARS: Christian Fiction End-Times Thriller'' by Patience Prence – 2010 novel about a girl named Becky who struggles through the time of the [[Great Tribulation]].<ref>{{cite book|url =https://www.amazon.com/SCARS-Christian-Fiction-End-Times-Thriller-ebook/dp/B003XKNF1K/ref=cm_lmf_tit_1|first= Patience|last= Prence|title= SCARS: Christian Fiction End-Times Thriller|publisher= Spring Harvest |date= July 27, 2010|asin= B003XKNF1K}}</ref>
*''At the End of All Things'' by Stony Graves – 2011 novel about the days following the [[Rapture]], and right before the Final War between God and Satan.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13180182-at-the-end-of-all-things|title= ''At the End of All Things''|website =goodreads.com|accessdate= 2011}}</ref>
* ''The Second Coming: A Love Story'' by [[Scott Pinsker]] – 2014 novel about two men who claim to be the Second Coming of Christ. Each claims that the other is a liar – but only one is telling the truth.<ref>{{cite book|first= Scott|last= Pinsker|title= The Second Coming: A Love Story |date= June 5, 2014|isbn= 978-1500167219}}</ref>
* ''[[Black Jesus (TV series)|Black Jesus]]'' – [[Adult Swim]] television series (2014- ) created by [[Aaron McGruder]] and [[Mike Clattenburg]], tells the story of Jesus living in modern-day [[Compton, California]], and his efforts to spread love and kindness on a daily basis. He is supported in his mission by a small-but-loyal group of downtrodden followers, while facing conflicts involving corrupt preachers, ethnic tensions, and the hate spreading activities of the manager of his apartment complex.
==See also==
* [[False prophet]]
* [[Inaugurated eschatology]]
* [[Kalki]]
* [[List of messiah claimants]]
* [[List of people claimed to be Jesus]]
* [[Life of Jesus in the New Testament]]
* [[Realized eschatology]]
* [[The Second Coming (poem)|"The Second Coming" (poem)]], by William Butler Yeats
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Bibliography==
* [[C. S. Lewis]]. (1960). ''[[The World's Last Night and Other Essays]].'' [[Harcourt (publisher)#Harcourt Brace Jovanovich|Harcourt Brace Jovanovich]]. {{ISBN|0-15-698360-5}}
* [[Max Heindel]]. ''[http://www.rosicrucian.com/hkc/hkceng01.htm How Shall We Know Christ at His Coming?]'', May 1913 (stenographic report of a lecture, Los Angeles), {{ISBN|0-911274-64-2}}
* [[Markus Mühling]]. ''Grundinformation Eschatologie. Systematische Theologie aus der Perspektive der Hoffnung'', [[Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht]], [[Göttingen]] 2007, {{ISBN|978-3-525-03619-8}}, 221–241
* [[James Stuart Russell]]. ''The Parousia, A Careful Look at the New Testament Doctrine of the Lord's Second Coming'', London 1887Sike Sike skie
* [[Emanuel Swedenborg]]. ''The Consummation of the Age; the Coming of the Lord; and the New Heaven and New Church'', Chapter 14 in [http://swedenborgdigitallibrary.org/contets/tcrtc.html ''The True Christian Religion Containing the Universal Theology of The New Church Foretold by the Lord in Daniel 7; 13, 14; and in Revelation 21; 1,2''] (Swedenborg Foundation 1952)
* [[Henry Wansbrough]]. ''[[The New Jerusalem Bible]]'' (1990). [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]]. {{ISBN|0-385-14264-1}}
* [[Paramahansa Yogananda]]. ''The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You.'' Self-Realization Fellowship, 2004. {{ISBN|978-0876125557}}
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{commons category|Second Coming of Jesus Christ}}
* [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf207.ii.xix.html "Lecture XV: On the Clause, And' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
{{short description|Belief regarding the return of Jesus after his ascension}}
{{Other uses}}
-[[Image:Icon second coming.jpg|thumb|Greek [[icon]] of Second Coming, c. 1700]]
-{{Jesus}}
+[[Image:Icon second coming.jpg|thumb|Greek [[icon]] of Second Coming,SIKE BITCH JKJjkJK
+I<ref></ref>
{{Gospel Jesus}}
The '''Second Coming''' (sometimes called the '''Second Advent''' or the '''[[Parousia]]''') is a [[Christianity|Christian]], [[Islam|Islamic]], [[Baháʼí Faith|Baháʼí]] and [[Messianic Judaism|Messianic Jewish]] belief regarding the return of [[Jesus]] after his [[Ascension of Jesus|ascension]] to [[Heaven (Christianity)|heaven]] about two thousand years ago. The idea is based on [[Jesus and messianic prophecy|messianic prophecies]] and is part of most [[Christian eschatologies]].
@@ -231,5 +231,5 @@
* [[Max Heindel]]. ''[http://www.rosicrucian.com/hkc/hkceng01.htm How Shall We Know Christ at His Coming?]'', May 1913 (stenographic report of a lecture, Los Angeles), {{ISBN|0-911274-64-2}}
* [[Markus Mühling]]. ''Grundinformation Eschatologie. Systematische Theologie aus der Perspektive der Hoffnung'', [[Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht]], [[Göttingen]] 2007, {{ISBN|978-3-525-03619-8}}, 221–241
-* [[James Stuart Russell]]. ''The Parousia, A Careful Look at the New Testament Doctrine of the Lord's Second Coming'', London 1887
+* [[James Stuart Russell]]. ''The Parousia, A Careful Look at the New Testament Doctrine of the Lord's Second Coming'', London 1887Sike Sike skie
* [[Emanuel Swedenborg]]. ''The Consummation of the Age; the Coming of the Lord; and the New Heaven and New Church'', Chapter 14 in [http://swedenborgdigitallibrary.org/contets/tcrtc.html ''The True Christian Religion Containing the Universal Theology of The New Church Foretold by the Lord in Daniel 7; 13, 14; and in Revelation 21; 1,2''] (Swedenborg Foundation 1952)
* [[Henry Wansbrough]]. ''[[The New Jerusalem Bible]]'' (1990). [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]]. {{ISBN|0-385-14264-1}}
@@ -239,16 +239,3 @@
{{wikiquote}}
{{commons category|Second Coming of Jesus Christ}}
-* [http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf207.ii.xix.html "Lecture XV: On the Clause, And Shall Come in Glory to Judge the Quick and the Dead; Of Whose Kingdom There Shall Be No End."], delivered by [[Cyril of Jerusalem]] in the mid-4th century.
-* [http://www.allaboutgod.com/the-second-coming.htm "The Second Coming"], a summary article.
-* [http://www.risenotes.com/poems/Summary-The-Second-Coming-W.B.Yeats.php A Critical Summary of "The Second Coming" by W.B Yeats-RiseNotes]
-
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-[[Category:Christian eschatology]]
-[[Category:Christian terminology]]
-[[Category:Controversies in Christian theology]]
-[[Category:Islamic terminology]]
-[[Category:Islamic eschatology]]
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Belief regarding the return of Jesus after his ascension</div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Second_Coming_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Second Coming (disambiguation)">Second Coming (disambiguation)</a>.</div>
<p>[[Image:Icon second coming.jpg|thumb|Greek <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">icon</a> of Second Coming,SIKE BITCH JKJjkJK
I<span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: There are <code><ref></code> tags on this page without content in them (see the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_ref_no_input" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error ref no input">help page</a>).
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<table class="vertical-navbox vcard" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gospel_harmony" title="Gospel harmony">Events</a> in the</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;padding-top:0;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em"><big><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Life_of_Jesus_in_the_New_Testament" title="Life of Jesus in the New Testament">Life of Jesus</a></big><br /><small><small>according to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Canonical_gospels" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonical gospels">canonical gospels</a></small></small></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg" class="image" title="Life of Jesus"><img alt="Life of Jesus" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg/255px-GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg" decoding="async" width="255" height="137" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg/383px-GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg/510px-GaudenzioFerrari_StorieCristo_Varallo2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="524" /></a></td></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;text-align:center;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christ_Child" title="Christ Child">Early life</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;text-align: left">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Visitation_(Christianity)" title="Visitation (Christianity)">Visitation</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesus" title="Virgin birth of Jesus">Virgin birth</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds" title="Adoration of the Shepherds">Adoration of the Shepherds</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Circumcision_of_Jesus" title="Circumcision of Jesus">Circumcision</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Presentation_of_Jesus_at_the_Temple" title="Presentation of Jesus at the Temple">Presentation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Magi" title="Adoration of the Magi">Adoration of the Magi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flight_into_Egypt" title="Flight into Egypt">Flight into Egypt</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Innocents" title="Massacre of the Innocents">Massacre of the Innocents</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Return_of_the_family_of_Jesus_to_Nazareth" title="Return of the family of Jesus to Nazareth">Return to Nazareth</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Finding_in_the_Temple" title="Finding in the Temple">Finding in the Temple</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baptism_of_Jesus" title="Baptism of Jesus">Baptism</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Temptation_of_Christ" title="Temptation of Christ">Temptation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commissioning_of_the_Twelve_Apostles" title="Commissioning of the Twelve Apostles">Commissioning</a> the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apostle_(Christian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostle (Christian)">Twelve</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Mount" title="Sermon on the Mount">Sermon on the Mount</a> / <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sermon_on_the_Plain" title="Sermon on the Plain">Plain</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Beatitudes" title="Beatitudes">Beatitudes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Lord's Prayer</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">Miracles</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parables_of_Jesus" title="Parables of Jesus">Parables</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rejection_of_Jesus" title="Rejection of Jesus">Rejection</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Transfiguration_of_Jesus" title="Transfiguration of Jesus">Transfiguration</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;text-align:center;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;text-align: left">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Triumphal_entry_into_Jerusalem" title="Triumphal entry into Jerusalem">Triumphal entry into Jerusalem</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cleansing_of_the_Temple" title="Cleansing of the Temple">Temple cleansing</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Second coming prophecy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anointing_of_Jesus" title="Anointing of Jesus">Anointing</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Farewell_Discourse" title="Farewell Discourse">Farewell Discourse</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paraclete" title="Paraclete">Paraclete promised</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Agony_in_the_Garden" title="Agony in the Garden">Agony in the Garden</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kiss_of_Judas" title="Kiss of Judas">Kiss of Judas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arrest_of_Jesus" title="Arrest of Jesus">Arrest</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sanhedrin_trial_of_Jesus" title="Sanhedrin trial of Jesus">Sanhedrin trial</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mocking_of_Jesus" title="Mocking of Jesus">Mocking</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jesus_at_Herod%27s_court" title="Jesus at Herod's court">Herod's court</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pilate%27s_court" title="Pilate's court">Pilate's court</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flagellation_of_Christ" title="Flagellation of Christ">Flagellation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crown_of_thorns" title="Crown of thorns">Crown of Thorns</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Via_Dolorosa" title="Via Dolorosa">Via Dolorosa</a></i></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Descent_from_the_Cross" title="Descent from the Cross">Descent from the Cross</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Burial_of_Jesus" title="Burial of Jesus">Entombment</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harrowing_of_Hell" title="Harrowing of Hell">Harrowing of Hell</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;text-align:center;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;text-align: left">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Empty_tomb" title="Empty tomb">Empty tomb</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Post-resurrection_appearances_of_Jesus" title="Post-resurrection appearances of Jesus">Appearances</a>
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Noli_me_tangere" title="Noli me tangere">Noli me tangere</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Road_to_Emmaus_appearance" title="Road to Emmaus appearance">Road to Emmaus</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Commission" title="Great Commission">Great Commission</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;text-align:center;">In rest of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">NT</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;text-align: left">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Conversion_of_Paul_the_Apostle" title="Conversion of Paul the Apostle">Road to Damascus</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John%27s_vision_of_the_Son_of_Man" title="John's vision of the Son of Man">John's vision</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;border-top: 1px solid #aaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;">
<p><small><small><b>Portals: </b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:P_christianity.svg" class="image"><img alt="P christianity.svg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/16px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/24px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/32px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" class="image"><img alt="Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/16px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/24px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg/32px-Bible.malmesbury.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1993" data-file-height="1300" /></a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:Bible" title="Portal:Bible">Bible</a></small></small>
</p>
<img alt="Wikipedia book" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/16px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Wikipedia book" width="16" height="16" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/23px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Symbol_book_class2.svg/31px-Symbol_book_class2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Book:Life_of_Jesus" title="Book:Life of Jesus">Book:Life of Jesus</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding-top: 0.6em;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Gospel_Jesus" title="Template:Gospel Jesus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Gospel_Jesus" title="Template talk:Gospel Jesus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Gospel_Jesus&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>The <b>Second Coming</b> (sometimes called the <b>Second Advent</b> or the <b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parousia" title="Parousia">Parousia</a></b>) is a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamic</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Messianic_Judaism" title="Messianic Judaism">Messianic Jewish</a> belief regarding the return of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> after his <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">ascension</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Heaven_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heaven (Christianity)">heaven</a> about two thousand years ago. The idea is based on <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jesus_and_messianic_prophecy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus and messianic prophecy">messianic prophecies</a> and is part of most <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christian_eschatologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian eschatologies">Christian eschatologies</a>.
</p><p>Views about the nature of Jesus's Second Coming vary among <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Christian denominations</a> and among individual Christians, as well as among Muslims.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Terminology"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Terminology</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Specific_date_predictions_and_claims"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Specific date predictions and claims</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Christian_eschatological_views"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Christian eschatological views</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Early_Christianity"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Early Christianity</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Preterism"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Preterism</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Catholic_and_Orthodox"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Catholic and Orthodox</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Protestant"><span class="tocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Protestant</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints"><span class="tocnumber">3.5</span> <span class="toctext">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Seventh-day_Adventists"><span class="tocnumber">3.6</span> <span class="toctext">Seventh-day Adventists</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Jehovah's_Witnesses"><span class="tocnumber">3.7</span> <span class="toctext">Jehovah's Witnesses</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Emanuel_Swedenborg_and_the_New_Church"><span class="tocnumber">3.8</span> <span class="toctext">Emanuel Swedenborg and the New Church</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Esoteric_Christian_teachings"><span class="tocnumber">3.9</span> <span class="toctext">Esoteric Christian teachings</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Islam"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Islam</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Traditional_view"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Traditional view</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="#Ahmadiyya"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Ahmadiyya</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Other_views_and_commentaries"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Other views and commentaries</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="#Baha'i_Faith"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Baha'i Faith</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="#Judaism"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Judaism</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="#Rastafari"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Rastafari</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-20"><a href="#Paramahansa_Yogananda's_commentary"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Paramahansa Yogananda's commentary</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#In_modern_culture"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">In modern culture</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Terminology">Terminology</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Terminology">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Theophany" title="Theophany">Theophany</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christophany" title="Christophany">Christophany</a></div>
<p>Several different terms are used to refer to the Second Coming of Christ:
</p><p>In the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>, the Greek word ἐπιφάνεια (<i>epiphaneia</i>, appearing) is used five times to refer to the return of Christ.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>
</p><p>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Novum_Testamentum_Graece" title="Novum Testamentum Graece">Greek New Testament</a> uses the Greek term <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parousia" title="Parousia">parousia</a></i> (παρουσία, meaning "arrival", "coming", or "presence") twenty-four times, seventeen of them concerning Christ. However, parousia has the distinct reference to a period of time rather than an instance in time. At <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#24:37" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 24:37</a> parousia is used to clearly describe the period of time that Noah lived. The Greek word <i>eleusi</i>s which means "coming" is not interchangeable with parousia. So this parousia or "presence" would be unique and distinct from anything that had occurred before.<sup id="cite_ref-G3952_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-G3952-2">[2]</a></sup> The word is also used six times referring to individuals (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stephanas" title="Stephanas">Stephanas</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fortunatus_the_Apostle" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortunatus the Apostle">Fortunatus</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Achaicus_of_Corinth" title="Achaicus of Corinth">Achaicus</a>,<sup class="nourlexpansion reference"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1Co+16%3A17&version=esv">[1Co.16:17]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Titus" title="Titus">Titus</a>,<sup class="nourlexpansion reference"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2Co.+7%3A6%E2%80%9372&version=NRSV">[2Co. 7:6–72]</a></sup> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul the Apostle</a> <sup class="nourlexpansion reference"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2Co.+10%3A10&version=NRSV">[2Co. 10:10]</a></sup><sup class="nourlexpansion reference"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Phil+1%3A26&version=NRSV">[Phil 1:26]</a></sup><sup class="nourlexpansion reference"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Phil+2%3A12&version=NRSV">[2:12]</a></sup>) and one time referring to the "coming of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Man_of_Lawlessness" class="mw-redirect" title="Man of Lawlessness">lawless one</a>".<sup class="nourlexpansion reference"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2Thes+2%3A9&version=NRSV">[2Thes 2:9]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gustav_Adolf_Deissmann" title="Gustav Adolf Deissmann">Gustav Adolf Deissmann</a> (1908)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> showed that the Greek word <i>parousia</i> occurred as early as the 3rd century BC to describe the visit of a king or dignitary to a city – a visit arranged in order to show the visitor's magnificence to the people.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Specific_date_predictions_and_claims">Specific date predictions and claims</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Specific date predictions and claims">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Predictions_and_claims_for_the_Second_Coming_of_Christ" title="Predictions and claims for the Second Coming of Christ">Predictions and claims for the Second Coming of Christ</a></div>
<p>Views about the nature of the Second Coming vary among Christian denominations and among individual Christians. A number of specific dates have been predicted for the Second Coming, some now in the distant past, others still in the future.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Christian_eschatological_views">Christian eschatological views</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Christian eschatological views">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christian_eschatology" title="Christian eschatology">Christian eschatology</a></div>
<table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%"><tbody><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christian_eschatology" title="Christian eschatology">Christian eschatology</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-left:0.3em; background: #E3CEF6">Contrasting beliefs</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;text-align:left;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historicism_(Christianity)" title="Historicism (Christianity)">Historicism</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historicist_interpretations_of_the_Book_of_Revelation" title="Historicist interpretations of the Book of Revelation">Interpretations of <i>Revelation</i></a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Futurism_(Christianity)" title="Futurism (Christianity)">Futurism</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Preterism" title="Preterism">Preterism</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Idealism_(Christian_eschatology)" title="Idealism (Christian eschatology)">Idealism</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dispensationalism" title="Dispensationalism">Dispensationalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-left:0.3em; background: #E3CEF6"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Millennialism" title="Millennialism">The Millennium</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;text-align:left;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amillennialism" title="Amillennialism">Amillennialism</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Postmillennialism" title="Postmillennialism">Postmillennialism</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Premillennialism" title="Premillennialism">Premillennialism</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prewrath" title="Prewrath"> Prewrath Rapture</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Post-tribulation_rapture" title="Post-tribulation rapture"> Posttribulation Rapture</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dispensationalism" title="Dispensationalism">Dispensationalism</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-left:0.3em; background: #E3CEF6">Biblical texts</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;text-align:left;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Daniel</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prophecy_of_Seventy_Weeks" title="Prophecy of Seventy Weeks">Seventy Weeks</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Synoptic_Gospels" title="Synoptic Gospels">Synoptic Gospels</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Olivet_Discourse" title="Olivet Discourse">Olivet Discourse</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mark_13" title="Mark 13">Mark 13</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Matthew_24" title="Matthew 24">Matthew 24</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Sheep_and_the_Goats" title="The Sheep and the Goats">Sheep and Goats</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pauline_epistles" title="Pauline epistles">Pauline Epistles</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Second_Epistle_to_the_Thessalonians" title="Second Epistle to the Thessalonians">2 Thessalonians</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Johannine_literature" title="Johannine literature">Johannine literature</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Revelation</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Events_of_Revelation" title="Events of Revelation">(Events)</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-left:0.3em; background: #E3CEF6">Pseudepigrapha</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;text-align:left;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">1 Enoch</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">2 Esdras</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-left:0.3em; background: #E3CEF6">Key terms</div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;text-align:left;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abomination_of_desolation" title="Abomination of desolation">Abomination of desolation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">Antichrist</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Armageddon" title="Armageddon">Armageddon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Beast_(Revelation)" title="The Beast (Revelation)">The Beast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/False_prophet" title="False prophet">False prophet</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Four_Horsemen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse">Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gog_and_Magog" title="Gog and Magog">Gog and Magog</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Apostasy" title="Great Apostasy">Great Apostasy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Tribulation" title="Great Tribulation">Great Tribulation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Katechon" title="Katechon">Katechon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kingship_and_kingdom_of_God" title="Kingship and kingdom of God">Kingdom of God</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lake_of_fire" title="Lake of fire">Lake of fire</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Last Judgment</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Man_of_sin" title="Man of sin">Man of sin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Heaven_and_New_Earth" class="mw-redirect" title="New Heaven and New Earth">New Heaven and New Earth</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Jerusalem" title="New Jerusalem">New Jerusalem</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Number_of_the_Beast" class="mw-redirect" title="Number of the Beast">Number of the Beast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rapture" title="Rapture">Rapture</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Resurrection_of_the_dead" class="mw-redirect" title="Resurrection of the dead">Resurrection of the dead</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Second Coming</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seven_bowls" title="Seven bowls">Seven bowls</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seven_seals" title="Seven seals">Seven seals</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Son_of_perdition" title="Son of perdition">Son of perdition</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Two_witnesses" title="Two witnesses">Two witnesses</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/War_in_Heaven" title="War in Heaven">War in Heaven</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Whore_of_Babylon" title="Whore of Babylon">Whore of Babylon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/World_to_come" title="World to come">World to come</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
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<p>Most <a href="/enwiki/wiki/English_versions_of_the_Nicene_Creed" title="English versions of the Nicene Creed">English versions of the Nicene Creed</a> include the following statements:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r960796168">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>...he <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ascension_of_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascension of Christ">ascended into heaven</a> and is <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Session_of_Christ" title="Session of Christ">seated</a> at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Right_Hand_of_God" class="mw-redirect" title="Right Hand of God">right hand</a> of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">Father</a>. He will come again in his glory to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">judge the living and the dead</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kingdom_of_God" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of God">his kingdom</a> will have no end. ... We look for the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Resurrection_of_the_dead" class="mw-redirect" title="Resurrection of the dead">resurrection of the dead</a>, and the life of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/World_to_come" title="World to come">world to come</a>.</p></blockquote>
<p>A 2010 survey showed that about 40% of Americans believe that Jesus is likely to return by 2050. This varies from 58% of white evangelical Christians, through 32% of Catholics to 27% of white mainline Protestants.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> Belief in the Second Coming was popularised in the US in the late nineteenth century by the evangelist <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dwight_L._Moody" title="Dwight L. Moody">Dwight L. Moody</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Premillennialism" title="Premillennialism">premillennial interpretation</a> became one of the core components of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christian_fundamentalism" title="Christian fundamentalism">Christian fundamentalism</a> in the 1920s.
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Early_Christianity">Early Christianity</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early Christianity">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Olivet_Discourse#Imminence" title="Olivet Discourse">Olivet Discourse § Imminence</a></div>
<p>Jesus was reported to have told his <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">disciples</a>,
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<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Truly I tell you, this generation will certainly not pass away until all these things have happened."</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matt.+24%3A34%3B+Mark+13%3A30%3B+Luke+21%3A32&version=NRSV">Matt. 24:34; Mark 13:30; Luke 21:32</a></span></cite></div></blockquote>
<p>Given that in his next statement Jesus notes that the exact day and hour is unknown even to himself, the simple meaning of his previous statement is that the Second Coming was to be witnessed by people literally living in that same generation. Some, such as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a>, interpret the phrase "this generation" to mean in the lifetime of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jewish_race" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish race">Jewish race</a>; however, other scholars believe that if Jesus meant "race" he would have used <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Genos" title="Genos">genos</a></i> (race), not <i>genea</i> (generation).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Victor_J._Stenger" title="Victor J. Stenger">Victor J. Stenger</a> notes that Jesus is recorded as saying,
</p>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>...there are some standing here, which shall not taste death, till they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom "</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matthew%2016:28&version=nrsv">Matt 16:28</a></cite></div></blockquote><p> He makes similar predictions in five other places in the Gospels; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark%209:1&version=nrsv">Mark 9:1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Mark%2013:30&version=nrsv">Mark 13:30</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Matthew%2024:34&version=nrsv">Matt 24:34</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Luke%209:27&version=nrsv">Luke 9:27</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Luke%2021:32&version=nrsv">Luke 21:32.</a> In Stenger's view, when the coming did not happen within the life-times of his disciples, as Jesus prophesied, Christianity changed its emphasis to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Resurrection" title="Resurrection">resurrection</a> and promise of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eternal_life_(Christianity)" title="Eternal life (Christianity)">eternal life</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> Some believe that ultimately Jesus' statement proves true in the light of the vision of the return of the Son of Man later given to his disciple, John, on the Isle of Patmos, specifically as found in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Revelation%2019:11–19&version=nrsv">Revelation 19:11–19</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p><p>According to historian <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charles_Freeman_(historian)" title="Charles Freeman (historian)">Charles Freeman</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Early_Christians" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Christians">early Christians</a> expected Jesus to return within a generation of his death and the non-occurrence of the second coming surprised the early Christian communities.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup>
</p>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>
Children, it is the last hour; and just as you heard that <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">Antichrist</a> is coming, even now many antichrists have appeared; from this we know that it is the last hour.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1John+2%3A18&version=NRSV">1 John 2:18</a></span></cite></div></blockquote>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Preterism">Preterism</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Preterism">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Preterism" title="Preterism">Preterism</a></div>
<p>The position associating the Second Coming with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christianity_in_the_1st_century" title="Christianity in the 1st century">1st century events</a> such as the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(AD_70)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Jerusalem (AD 70)">destruction of Jerusalem and of the Jewish Temple in AD 70</a> is known as Preterism.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup>
</p><p>Some Preterists see this "coming of the Son of Man in glory" primarily fulfilled in Jesus' death on the cross. They believe the apocalyptic signs are already fulfilled including "<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crucifixion_darkness_and_eclipse" class="mw-redirect" title="Crucifixion darkness and eclipse">the sun will be dark</a>" (cf. <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+13%3A24%E2%80%9315%3A33&version=NRSV">Mark 13:24–15:33</a></span>), the "powers ... will be shaken," (cf. <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+13%3A25%E2%80%9314%3A63%2C+15%3A5&version=NRSV">Mark 13:25–14:63, 15:5</a></span>) and "then they will see" (cf. <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mark+13%3A26%E2%80%9315%3A31%2C+15%3A39&version=NRSV">Mark 13:26–15:31, 15:39</a></span>). Yet some critics note that many are missing, such as "But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night, in which the heavens will pass away with a great noise, and the elements will melt with fervent heat; both the earth and the works that are in it will be burned up." (<span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2+Peter+3%3A10&version=NRSV">2 Peter 3:10</a></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> And "Then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in heaven, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory." (<span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A30&version=NRSV">Matthew 24:30</a></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Catholic_and_Orthodox">Catholic and Orthodox</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Catholic and Orthodox">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Katechon" title="Katechon">Katechon</a></div>
<p>[[Image:Michelangelo Buonarroti - Jugement dernier.jpg|thumb|<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Last_Judgment_(Michelangelo)" title="The Last Judgment (Michelangelo)">The Last Judgment</a></i> by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a> (1541) in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sistine_Chapel" title="Sistine Chapel">Sistine Chapel</a>, Rome.]]
It is the traditional view of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roman_Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholics">Roman Catholics</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Orthodox_Christians" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthodox Christians">Orthodox Christians</a>, preserved from the early Church, that the Second Coming will be a sudden and unmistakable incident, like "a flash of lightning".<sup class="nourlexpansion reference"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Mt+24%3A27&version=NRSV">[Mt 24:27]</a></sup> They hold the general view that Jesus will not spend any time on the earth in ministry or preaching, but come to judge mankind.<sup id="cite_ref-orthodoxphotos%252Ecom_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orthodoxphotos%252Ecom-12">[12]</a></sup> They also agree that the ministry of the Antichrist will take place right before the Second Coming.<sup id="cite_ref-orthodoxphotos%252Ecom_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-orthodoxphotos%252Ecom-12">[12]</a></sup>
</p><p>Many Christian denominations consider this second coming of Christ to be the final and eternal judgment by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> of the people in every <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nation" title="Nation">nation</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> resulting in the glorification of some and the punishment of others. The concept is found in all the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Canonical_gospels" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonical gospels">Canonical gospels</a>, particularly the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Gospel of Matthew</a>.
</p><p>A decisive factor in this Last Judgement during the second coming of Christ will be the question, if the corporal and spiritual <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Works_of_mercy" title="Works of mercy">works of mercy</a> were practiced or not during lifetime. They rate as important acts of mercy, charity and justice. Therefore, and according to the Biblical sources (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Matthew_25:31" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew 25:31">Matthew 25:31</a>–<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Matthew_25:46" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew 25:46">46</a>), the conjunction of the Last Judgement and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Works_of_mercy" title="Works of mercy">works of mercy</a> is very frequent in the pictorial tradition of Christian art.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup>
</p><p>Orthodox layman Alexander Kalomiros explains the original Church's position regarding the Second Coming in <i>River of Fire</i><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> and <i>Against False Union</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup> stating that those who contend that Christ will reign on earth for a thousand years "do not wait for Christ, but for the Antichrist." The idea of Jesus returning to this earth as a king is a heretical concept to the Church, equated to "the expectations of the Jews who wanted the Messiah to be an earthly King." The Church instead teaches that which it has taught since the beginning.
</p><p>According to the Catholic Church, the second coming will bring about the fullness of the reign of God and the consummation of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">universe</a>, mankind, and salvation.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> The Catholic Church believes there are three things that hasten the return of Jesus: the transforming power of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a> in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Liturgy" title="Liturgy">liturgy</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> living with the mind of Jesus;<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup> and praying for the Lord to come, above all in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Eucharist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Protestant">Protestant</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Protestant">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Second_Coming_of_Christ_window.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Second_Coming_of_Christ_window.jpg/220px-Second_Coming_of_Christ_window.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="534" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Second_Coming_of_Christ_window.jpg/330px-Second_Coming_of_Christ_window.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Second_Coming_of_Christ_window.jpg/440px-Second_Coming_of_Christ_window.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1656" data-file-height="4021" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Second_Coming_of_Christ_window.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>The <i>Second Coming of Christ</i> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stained_glass" title="Stained glass">stained glass</a> window at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Matthew%27s_German_Evangelical_Lutheran_Church" title="St. Matthew's German Evangelical Lutheran Church">St. Matthew's German Evangelical Lutheran Church</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charleston,_South_Carolina" title="Charleston, South Carolina">Charleston, South Carolina</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>.</div></div></div>
<p>The many <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">denominations</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> have differing views on the exact details of Christ's second coming. Only a handful of Christian organizations claim complete and authoritative interpretation of the typically symbolic and prophetic biblical sources.
</p><p>A short reference to the second coming is contained in the Nicene Creed: "He [Jesus] shall come again in glory to judge the living and the dead; and His kingdom shall have no end." An analogous statement is also in the biblical Pauline Creed (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Corinthians#15:23" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Corinthians">1 Corinthians 15:23</a>).
</p><p>Some Protestant churches proclaim the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Memorial_Acclamation" title="Memorial Acclamation">Mystery of Faith</a> to be: "Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again." <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Second_Coming_(LDS_Church)" title="Second Coming (LDS Church)">Second Coming (LDS Church)</a></div>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Standard_works" title="Standard works">Latter-day Saint scriptures</a> say that Christ will return, as stated in the Bible. They also teach that <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>When the Savior comes again, He will come in power and glory to claim the earth as His kingdom. His Second Coming will mark the beginning of the Millennium. The Second Coming will be a fearful, mournful time for the wicked, but it will be a day of peace for the righteous.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup></p></blockquote><p> The LDS Church and its leaders do not make predictions of the actual date of the Second Coming.
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Latter-day_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Latter-day Saints">Latter-day Saints</a> have particularly distinct and specific interpretations of what are considered to be signs stated in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Book of Revelation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup>
According to LDS Church teachings, the restored <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">gospel</a> will be taught in all parts of the world prior to the Second Coming.<sup id="cite_ref-Matthew_24:14_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matthew_24:14-26">[26]</a></sup> Church members believe that there will be increasingly severe wars, earthquakes, hurricanes, and other man-made and natural disasters prior to the Second Coming.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Seventh-day_Adventists">Seventh-day Adventists</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Seventh-day Adventists">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_eschatology" title="Seventh-day Adventist eschatology">Seventh-day Adventist eschatology</a></div>
<p>Fundamental Belief #25 of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a> states:
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<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>
The second coming of Christ is the blessed hope of the church, the grand climax of the gospel. The Saviour's coming will be literal, personal, visible, and worldwide. When He returns, the righteous dead will be resurrected, and together with the righteous living will be glorified and taken to heaven, but the unrighteous will die. The almost complete fulfillment of most lines of prophecy, together with the present condition of the world, indicates that Christ's coming is imminent. The time of that event has not been revealed, and we are therefore exhorted to be ready at all times (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Titus#2:13" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Titus">Titus 2:13</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Hebrews#9:28" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Hebrews">Hebrews 9:28</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/John#14:1" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/John">John 14:1–3</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Acts#1:9" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Acts">Acts 1:9–11</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#24:14" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 24:14</a>; <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Revelation_1:7" class="mw-redirect" title="Revelation 1:7">Revelation 1:7</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#24:43" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 24:43, 44</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Thessalonians#4:13" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Thessalonians">1 Thessalonians 4:13–18</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Corinthians#15:51" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Corinthians">1 Corinthians 15:51–54</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Thessalonians#1:7" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Thessalonians">2 Thessalonians 1:7–10</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Thessalonians#2:8" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Thessalonians">2:8</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Revelation#14:14" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Revelation">Revelation 14:14–20</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Revelation#19:11" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Revelation">Revelation 19:11–21</a>; <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Matthew_24" title="Matthew 24">Matthew 24</a>; <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mark_13" title="Mark 13">Mark 13</a>; <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Luke_21" title="Luke 21">Luke 21</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Timothy#3:1" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Timothy">2 Timothy 3:1–5</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Thessalonians#5:1" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Thessalonians">1 Thessalonians 5:1–6</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<h3><span id="Jehovah.27s_Witnesses"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Jehovah's_Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Jehovah's Witnesses">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a> rarely use the term "second coming", preferring the term "presence" as a translation of <i>parousia</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup> They believe that Jesus' comparison of <i>"the presence of the Son of man"</i> with <i>"the days of Noah"</i> at <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#24:37" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 24:37–39</a> and <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#17:26" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 17:26–30</a> suggests a duration rather than a moment of arrival.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup> They also believe that biblical chronology points to 1914<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></sup> as the start of Christ's "presence", which continues until the final battle of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Armageddon" title="Armageddon">Armageddon</a>. Other biblical expressions they correlate with this period include "the time of the end" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Daniel#12:4" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Daniel">Daniel 12:4</a>), "the conclusion of the system of things" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#13:40" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 13:40</a>,<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#13:49" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">49</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#24:3" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">24:3</a>) and "the last days" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Timothy#3:1" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Timothy">2 Timothy 3:1</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Peter#3:3" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Peter">2 Peter 3:3</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup> Witnesses believe Christ's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Millennialism" title="Millennialism">millennial reign</a> begins after Armageddon.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Emanuel_Swedenborg_and_the_New_Church">Emanuel Swedenborg and the New Church</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Emanuel Swedenborg and the New Church">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emanuel_Swedenborg" title="Emanuel Swedenborg">Emanuel Swedenborg</a>, an 18th century scientist turned theologian, taught that his time (that historians have called the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a>) was an age of darkness and doubt for the Christian church. Historian Marguerite Beck Block writes,
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<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Now therefore it was time for a new church to be founded upon the earth, and for this purpose it was necessary for the Lord Himself to make his Second Coming to the sons of men.
</p><p>"The night is followed by a morning which is the coming of the Lord. . . . The prevailing opinion in the churches at the present day is, that when the Lord shall come for the last judgment. He will appear in the clouds of heaven with angels and the sound of trumpets, etc.," but this opinion is erroneous. The Second Coming of the Lord is not a coming in person, but in spirit and in the Word, which is from
Him, and is Himself. . . . Heretofore it has not been known that ‘the clouds of heaven’ mean the Word in the sense of the letter, and that the ‘glory and power’ in which He is then to come, mean the spiritual sense of the Word, because no one as yet has had the least conjecture that there is a spiritual sense in the Word, such as this sense is in itself. But as the Lord has now opened to me the spiritual sense of the Word, and has granted me to be associated with angels and spirits in their world as one of them, it is now disclosed.
</p><p>
. . . This Second Coming of the Lord is effected by means of a man to whom the Lord has manifested Himself in Person, and whom He has filled with His Spirit, that he may teach the doctrines of the New Church from the Lord by means of the Word. . . . That the Lord manifested Himself before me. His servant, and sent me to this office, . . . I affirm in truth.”<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Esoteric_Christian_teachings">Esoteric Christian teachings</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Esoteric Christian teachings">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Last_Judgment#Esoteric_Christian_tradition" title="Last Judgment">Last Judgment (Esoteric Christian tradition)</a></div>
<p>In <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rosicrucian" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosicrucian">Rosicrucian</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Esoteric_Christianity" title="Esoteric Christianity">esoteric Christian</a> teaching, there is a distinction between the cosmic Christ, or Christ without, and the Christ within.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></sup> According to this tradition, the Christ within is regarded as the true Saviour who needs to be born within each individual<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></sup> in order to evolve toward the future Sixth <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Root_Race" class="mw-redirect" title="Root Race">Epoch</a> in the Earth's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Etheric_plane" title="Etheric plane">etheric plane</a>, that is, toward the "new heavens and a new earth":<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup> the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Galilee_(Sixth_Epoch)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Galilee (Sixth Epoch)">New Galilee</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></sup> The Second Coming or Advent of the Christ is not in a physical body,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></sup> but in the new <i>soul body</i> of each individual in the etheric plane of the planet<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></sup> where man "shall be caught up in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></sup> The "day and hour" of this event is not known.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></sup> The esoteric Christian tradition teaches that first there will be a preparatory period as the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> enters <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aquarius_(astrology)" title="Aquarius (astrology)">Aquarius</a>, an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Astrology" title="Astrology">astrological</a> concept, by precession: the coming <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Age_of_Aquarius" title="Age of Aquarius">Age of Aquarius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Islam">Islam</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Islam">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Traditional_view">Traditional view</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Traditional view">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Jesus in Islam</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic eschatology</a></div>
<p>In Islam, Jesus (or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Isa_(name)" title="Isa (name)">Isa</a>; <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">عيسى</span>‎ <i lang="ar-Latn" title="DIN 31635 Arabic (Arabic language) transliteration">ʿĪsā</i>) is considered to be a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Messenger of God</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Messiah#Islam" title="Messiah"><i>Masih</i> (messiah)</a> who was sent to guide the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Israelites</a> (<i>banī isrā'īl</i>) with a new scripture, the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gospel_in_Islam" title="Gospel in Islam">Injīl</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></sup> The belief in Jesus (and all other messengers of God) is required in Islam, and a requirement of being a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>. However, Muslims do not recognize Jesus as the Son of God, as they believe God has no equals, but instead as a prophet. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> states that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary. Muslims believe that Jesus performed all the miracles in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gospels" class="mw-redirect" title="Gospels">Gospels</a> (with God's permission), but do not believe that Jesus was crucified.
</p><p>In the Quran, the second coming of Jesus is heralded in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Az-Zukhruf" title="Az-Zukhruf">Az-Zukhruf</a> (the Quran's 43rd <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Surah" title="Surah">surah</a> or chapter) as a sign of the Day of Judgment.
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<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>And (Jesus) shall be a Sign (for the coming of) the Hour (of Judgment): therefore have no doubt about the (Hour), but follow ye Me: this is a Straight Way. 43:61<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<p>Ibn Kathir presents this verse as proof of Jesus' second coming in the Quran in <i>Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></sup>
</p><p>There are also <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadiths</a> that foretell Jesus' future return such as:<sup id="cite_ref-EoI-Isa_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoI-Isa-48">[48]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukhari" title="Sahih al-Bukhari">Sahih al-Bukhari</a>, Volume 3, Book 43: <i>Kitab-ul-`Ilm</i> (Book of Knowledge), Hâdith Number 656:
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<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The Hour will not be established until the son of Mary (i.e. Jesus) descends amongst you as a just ruler, he will break the cross (idol symbol of Christians), kill the pigs, and abolish the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jizya" title="Jizya">Jizya</a></i> tax. Money will be in abundance so that nobody will accept it (as charitable gifts).</p></blockquote>
<p>According to Islamic tradition, Jesus' descent will be in the midst of wars fought by the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a></i> (<i>lit</i>. "the rightly guided one"), known in Islamic eschatology as the redeemer of Islam, against the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Masih_ad-Dajjal" class="mw-redirect" title="Masih ad-Dajjal">Masih ad-Dajjal</a></i> (literally "false messiah", synonymous with the Antichrist) and his followers.<sup id="cite_ref-S209_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S209-50">[50]</a></sup> Jesus will descend at the point of a white arcade, east of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>, dressed in saffron robes—his head anointed. He will then join the <i>Mahdi</i> in his war against the <i>Dajjal</i>. Jesus, considered in Islam as a Muslim (one who submits to God) and one of God's messengers, will abide by the Islamic teachings. Eventually, Jesus will slay the Antichrist <i>Dajjal</i>, and then everyone from the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/People_of_the_Book" title="People of the Book">People of the Book</a> (<i>ahl al-kitāb</i>, referring to Jews and Christians) will believe in him. Thus, there will be one community, that of Islam. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19700101010101/http://cmje.usc.edu/religious-texts/hadith/muslim/041-smt.php#041.7023">41:7023</a>
</p><p>After the death of the <i>Mahdi</i>, Jesus will assume leadership. This is a time associated in Islamic narrative with universal peace and justice. Islamic texts also allude to the appearance of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#Qur'an" title="Gog and Magog">Ya'juj and Ma'juj</a> (known also as Gog and Magog), ancient tribes that will disperse and cause disturbance on earth. God, in response to Jesus' prayers, will kill them by sending a type of worm in the napes of their necks.<sup id="cite_ref-S209_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S209-50">[50]</a></sup> Jesus' rule is said to be around forty years, after which he will die, (according to Islam Jesus did not die on the cross but was taken up to heaven and continues to live until his return in the second coming). Muslims will then perform the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salat_al-Janazah" title="Salat al-Janazah">Salat al-Janazah</a></i> (funeral prayer) for him and bury him in the city of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a> in a grave left vacant beside <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam" title="Muhammad in Islam">Muhammad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EoI-Isa_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EoI-Isa-48">[48]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Ahmadiyya">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Hadhrat_Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad2.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Hadhrat_Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad2.jpg/220px-Hadhrat_Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="297" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Hadhrat_Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad2.jpg/330px-Hadhrat_Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad2.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Hadhrat_Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad2.jpg/440px-Hadhrat_Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="599" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Hadhrat_Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad2.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad" title="Mirza Ghulam Ahmad">Mirza Ghulam Ahmad</a></div></div></div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jesus_in_Ahmadiyya_Islam" title="Jesus in Ahmadiyya Islam">Jesus in Ahmadiyya Islam</a></div>
<p>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ahmadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmadi">Ahmadi</a> sect, who identify as Muslims, believe that the promised <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a> and Messiah arrived in the person of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad" title="Mirza Ghulam Ahmad">Mirza Ghulam Ahmad</a> (1835–1908). This is generally rejected by mainstream Muslims, who do not recognize the Ahmadiyya as legitimate Muslims.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p><p>The <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadith</a></i> (sayings of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad) and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> indicated that Jesus would return during the latter days. Islamic tradition commonly depicts that Jesus, upon his second coming, would be an <i>Ummati</i> (Muslim) and a follower of Muhammad and that he would revive the truth of Islam rather than fostering a new religion.
</p><p>The Ahmadiyya movement interpret the Second Coming of Jesus prophesied as being that of a person "similar to Jesus" (<i>mathīl-i ʿIsā</i>) and not his physical return, in the same way as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a> resembled the character of the biblical prophet <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Elijah" title="Elijah">Elijah</a> in Christianity. Ahmadis believe that Ghulam Ahmad demonstrated that the prophecy in Muslim and Christian religious texts were traditionally misunderstood to suggest that Jesus of Nazareth himself would return, and hold that Jesus survived the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">crucifixion</a> and later died a natural death. Ahmadis consider Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (the founder of the movement), in both his character and teachings, to be representative of Jesus, and that he attained the same spiritual rank of Prophethood as Jesus. Thus, Ahmadis believe this prediction was fulfilled and continued by his movement.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-muslim.org_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-muslim.org-52">[52]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_views_and_commentaries">Other views and commentaries</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Other views and commentaries">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks plainlist" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2em">Part of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Eschatology" title="Category:Eschatology">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;padding-top:0;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;padding-bottom:0.3em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eschatology" title="Eschatology">Eschatology</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;background:none;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buddhist_eschatology" title="Buddhist eschatology">Buddhist</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;border-bottom:3px solid #cee0f2;"><div class="hlist">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maitreya" title="Maitreya">Maitreya</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Three_Ages_of_Buddhism" title="Three Ages of Buddhism">Three Ages</a></li></ul>
</div></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;background:none;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christian_eschatology" title="Christian eschatology">Christian</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;border-bottom:3px solid #cee0f2;">
<ul><li>— <i>Biblical texts</i> —</li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Book of Revelation</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Book of Daniel</a></li></ul></div></li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Olivet_Discourse" title="Olivet Discourse">Olivet Discourse</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Sheep_and_the_Goats" title="The Sheep and the Goats">Sheep and Goats</a></li></ul></div></li></ul>
<div style="padding-top:0.75em;">
<ul><li>— <i>Major figures</i> —</li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">Jesus</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Two_witnesses" title="Two witnesses">Two witnesses</a></li></ul></div></li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Four_Horsemen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse">Four Horsemen</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">Antichrist</a></li></ul></div></li></ul>
</div><div style="padding-top:0.75em;">
<ul><li>— <i>Different views</i> —</li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Preterism" title="Preterism">Preterism</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Idealism_(Christian_eschatology)" title="Idealism (Christian eschatology)">Idealism</a></li></ul></div></li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historicism_(Christianity)" title="Historicism (Christianity)">Historicism</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Futurism_(Christianity)" title="Futurism (Christianity)">Futurism</a></li></ul></div></li></ul>
</div><div style="padding-top:0.75em;">
<ul><li>— <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Millennialism" title="Millennialism">Millennialism</a></i> —</li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Premillennialism" title="Premillennialism">Premillennialism</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amillennialism" title="Amillennialism">Amillennialism</a></li></ul></div></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Postmillennialism" title="Postmillennialism">Postmillennialism</a></li></ul>
</div><div style="padding-top:0.75em;">
<ul><li>— <i>Other events</i> —</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Events_of_Revelation" title="Events of Revelation">Events of Revelation</a></li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rapture" title="Rapture">Rapture</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seven_seals" title="Seven seals">Seven Seals</a></li></ul></div></li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Second Coming</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic eschatology</a></li></ul></div></li></ul>
</div></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;background:none;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hindu_eschatology" title="Hindu eschatology">Hindu</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;border-bottom:3px solid #cee0f2;"><div class="hlist">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a></li></ul>
</div></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;background:none;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Islamic</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;border-bottom:3px solid #cee0f2;">— <i>Figures</i> —
<div class="hlist">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Beast_of_the_Earth" title="Beast of the Earth">Beast of the Earth</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dhul-Qarnayn" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhul-Qarnayn">Dhul-Qarnayn</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dhul-Suwayqatayn" title="Dhul-Suwayqatayn">Dhul-Suwayqatayn</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">Isa</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Second Coming</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mahdi" title="Mahdi">Mahdi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Al-Masih_ad-Dajjal" title="Al-Masih ad-Dajjal">Dajjal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Muhammad_in_Islam" title="Muhammad in Islam">Muhammad</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Q%C4%81%CA%BEim_%C4%80l_Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad" class="mw-redirect" title="Qāʾim Āl Muḥammad">Al-Qa'im</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sufyani" title="Sufyani">Sufyani</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#In_Islamic_tradition" title="Gog and Magog">Yajuj and Majuj</a></li></ul>
</div>
<p>— <i>Events</i> —
</p>
<div class="hlist">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Islamic_view_of_death" title="Islamic view of death">Death</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Resurrection" title="Resurrection">Resurrection</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Islamic_eschatology" title="Islamic eschatology">Last Judgement</a></li></ul>
</div></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;background:none;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jewish_eschatology" title="Jewish eschatology">Jewish</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;border-bottom:3px solid #cee0f2;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Messiah_in_Judaism" title="Messiah in Judaism">Messianism</a></li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Book of Daniel</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kabbalah" title="Kabbalah">Kabbalah</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;background:none;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoist</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;border-bottom:3px solid #cee0f2;">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Li_Hong_(Taoist_eschatology)" title="Li Hong (Taoist eschatology)"> Li Hong</a></li></ul></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;background:none;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zoroastrian" class="mw-redirect" title="Zoroastrian">Zoroastrian</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;border-bottom:3px solid #cee0f2;"><div class="hlist">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frashokereti" title="Frashokereti">Frashokereti</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saoshyant" title="Saoshyant">Saoshyant</a></li></ul>
</div></div></div></td>
</tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em">
<div class="NavFrame collapsed" style="border:none;padding:0"><div class="NavHead" style="font-size:105%;background:transparent;text-align:left;background:none;text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #cee0f2;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apocalypticism" title="Apocalypticism">Inter-religious</a></div><div class="NavContent" style="font-size:105%;padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;text-align:center;border-bottom:3px solid #cee0f2;">
<ul><li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/End_time" title="End time">End times</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apocalypticism" title="Apocalypticism">Apocalypticism</a></li></ul></div></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2012_phenomenon" title="2012 phenomenon">2012 phenomenon</a></li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Millenarianism" title="Millenarianism">Millenarianism</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Last Judgment</a></li></ul></div></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Resurrection_of_the_dead" class="mw-redirect" title="Resurrection of the dead">Resurrection of the dead</a></li>
<li><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gog_and_Magog" title="Gog and Magog">Gog and Magog</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Messianic_Age" title="Messianic Age">Messianic Age</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></div></div></td>
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<h3><span id="Baha.27i_Faith"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Baha'i_Faith">Baha'i Faith</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Baha'i Faith">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>According to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD_Faith" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'í Faith">Bahá'í Faith</a>, the Second Coming is based on the concept of a gradual process that coincides with the advancement of human civilization from the beginning of humanity. It teaches that the founders of the major world religions each represent a return of the Word and Spirit of God as a new, unique personification sent by God, who introduces new teachings, laws and revelations, such that all major religions are part of a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Progressive_revelation_(Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD)" title="Progressive revelation (Baháʼí)">progressive revelation</a>. Each Coming is said to build upon the major world religions emerging from earlier ages, verifying previous spiritual truths, and fulfilling its prophesies regarding a future return or coming. In this context, the Second Coming is depicted as a continuation of God's will in one continuous faith, with different names as presented by the founders of each religion as the voice of God at different times in history.
</p>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27u%27ll%C3%A1h" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'u'lláh">Bahá'u'lláh</a> announced that he was a manifestation of the returned Christ, understood as a reappearance of the Word and Spirit of God:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>O thou who art waiting, tarry no longer, for He is come. Behold His Tabernacle and His Glory dwelling therein. It is the Ancient Glory, with a new Manifestation.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></sup></p></blockquote><p> He wrote to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX" title="Pope Pius IX">Pope Pius IX</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>He Who is the Lord of Lords is come overshadowed with clouds... He, verily, hath again come down from Heaven even as He came down from it the first time. Beware that thou dispute not with Him even as the Pharisees disputed with Him without a clear token or proof.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></sup></p></blockquote><p> He referred to himself as the <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ancient_of_Days" title="Ancient of Days">Ancient of Days</a></i> and the <i>Pen of Glory</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-summonspage57_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-summonspage57-55">[55]</a></sup> and also claimed:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>This is the Father foretold by Isaiah, and the Comforter concerning Whom the Spirit had covenanted with you. Open your eyes, O concourse of bishops, that ye may behold your Lord seated upon the Throne of might and glory.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></sup></p></blockquote><p> Baha'u'llah also wrote, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r960796168"/></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Say: We, in truth, have given Ourself as a ransom for your own lives. Alas, when We came once again, We beheld you fleeing from Us, whereat the eye of My loving-kindness wept sore over My people."<sup id="cite_ref-summonspage57_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-summonspage57-55">[55]</a></sup></p></blockquote>
<p>Followers of the Bahá'í Faith believe that prophecies of the second coming of Jesus (along with prophecies from other religions) were fulfilled by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/B%C3%A1b" title="Báb">Báb</a> in 1844 and then by the events occurring during the days of Bahá'u'lláh.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></sup> They believe that the fulfillment of Christian prophecies by Baha'u'llah is similar to Jesus' fulfillment of Jewish prophecies, where in both cases people were expecting the literal fulfillment of apocalyptic statements that led to rejections of the Return, instead of accepting fulfillment in symbolic and spiritual ways. Bahá'ís understand that the return of the Christ with a new name was intended by Jesus to be a Return in a spiritual sense, due to Jesus explaining in the Gospels that the return of Elijah in John the Baptist was a return in a spiritual sense.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-58">[58]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bahai-library1_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bahai-library1-59">[59]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Judaism">Judaism</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Judaism">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Judaism%27s_view_of_Jesus" title="Judaism's view of Jesus">Judaism's view of Jesus</a></div>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rejection_of_Jesus" title="Rejection of Jesus">Rejection of Jesus</a></div>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> teaches that Jesus is one of the false <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jewish_Messiah_claimants" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Messiah claimants">Jewish Messiah claimants</a> because he failed to fulfill any <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jewish_messianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish messianism">Messianic prophecies</a>, which include:
</p>
<blockquote>
<ol><li>Build the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Third_Temple" title="Third Temple">Third Temple</a> (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Ezekiel#37:26" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Ezekiel">Ezekiel 37:26–28</a>).</li>
<li>Gather all Jews back to the Land of Israel (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Isaiah#43:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Isaiah">Isaiah 43:5–6</a>).</li>
<li>Usher in an era of world peace, and end all hatred, oppression, suffering and disease. As it says: "Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither shall man learn war anymore." (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Isaiah#2:4" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Isaiah">Isaiah 2:4</a>)</li>
<li>Spread universal knowledge of the God of Israel, which will unite humanity as one. As it says: "God will be King over all the world ― on that day, God will be One and His Name will be One" (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Zechariah#14:9" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Zechariah">Zechariah 14:9</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-simmons_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simmons-60">[60]</a></sup></li></ol></blockquote><p> Regarding the Christian idea that these prophecies will be fulfilled during a "second coming," <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ohr_Somayach,_Jerusalem" title="Ohr Somayach, Jerusalem">Ohr Samayach</a></i> states "we find this to be a contrived answer, since there is no mention of a second coming in the Jewish Bible. Second, why couldn't God accomplish His goals the first time round?"<sup id="cite_ref-ohr_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ohr-61">[61]</a></sup> Rabbi <a href="/enwiki/wiki/David_Wolpe" title="David Wolpe">David Wolpe</a> believes that the Second Coming was "grown out of genuine disappointment. [...] When Jesus died, true believers had to theologically compensate for the disaster."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a></sup>
</p><h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Rastafari">Rastafari</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Rastafari">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>In the early developments of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a> religion, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haile_Selassie" title="Haile Selassie">Haile Selassie</a> (the Ethiopian Emperor) was regarded as a member of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Davidic_line" title="Davidic line">House of David</a>, is worshipped as God <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Incarnate" class="mw-redirect" title="Incarnate">incarnate</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a></sup> and is thought to be the "black Jesus" and "black messiah" – the second coming of Christ.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></sup> It was claimed that <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marcus_Garvey" title="Marcus Garvey">Marcus Garvey</a> preached the coming of the black messiah on the eve of Selassie's coronation. Due to this prophecy, Selassie was the source of inspiration of the poor and uneducated Christian populations of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a>, who believed that the Emperor would liberate the black people from the subjugation of European colonists.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span id="Paramahansa_Yogananda.27s_commentary"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Paramahansa_Yogananda's_commentary">Paramahansa Yogananda's commentary</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Paramahansa Yogananda's commentary">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>In modern times some traditional Indian religious leaders have moved to embrace Jesus as an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Avatar" title="Avatar">avatar</a>, or incarnation, of God. In light of this, the Indian guru <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Paramahansa Yogananda</a>, author of <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Autobiography_of_a_Yogi" title="Autobiography of a Yogi">Autobiography of a Yogi</a></i>, wrote an extensive commentary on the Gospels published in 2004 in the two-volume set <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Second_Coming_of_Christ_(book)" title="The Second Coming of Christ (book)">The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-PY_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PY-66">[66]</a></sup> The book offers a mystical interpretation of the Second Coming in which it is understood to be an inner experience, something that takes place within the individual heart. In the introduction of this book, Yogananda wrote that the true Second Coming is the resurrection within you of the Infinite Christ Consciousness. Also stated in the Book of Luke – "Neither shall they say, Lo here! or, lo there! for, behold, the kingdom of God is within you." (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#17:21" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 17:21</a>)
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Daya_Mata" title="Daya Mata">Daya Mata</a> wrote in the preface of <i>The Second Coming of Christ</i> that the "two-volume scriptural treatise thus represents the inclusive culmination of Paramahansa Yogananda's divine commission to make manifest to the world the essence of original Christianity as taught by Jesus Christ." In sharing her memories of when she wrote down his words, she shares – "the great Guru, his face radiantly enraptured, as he records for the world the inspired exposition of the Gospel teachings imparted to him through direct, personal communion with Jesus of Nazareth."<sup id="cite_ref-PY_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PY-66">[66]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Larry_Dossey" title="Larry Dossey">Larry Dossey</a>, M.D., wrote that "Paramahansa Yogananda’s <i>The Second Coming of Christ</i> is one of the most important analyses of Jesus’ teachings that exists....Many interpretations of Jesus’ words divide peoples, cultures, and nations; these foster unity and healing, and that is why they are vital for today’s world."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="In_modern_culture">In modern culture</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: In modern culture">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Jesus Christ returning to earth has been a theme in several movies and books, for example:
</p>
<ul><li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Seventh_Sign" title="The Seventh Sign">The Seventh Sign</a></i> – 1988 film starring <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Demi_Moore" title="Demi Moore">Demi Moore</a> about a pregnant lady who discovers the Second Coming of Christ has rented a room from her, in order to begin the countdown that will trigger the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apocalypse" title="Apocalypse">Apocalypse</a>.</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Left_Behind" title="Left Behind">Left Behind</a></i> – Film- and book-franchise (1995– ) built by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tim_LaHaye" title="Tim LaHaye">Tim LaHaye</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jerry_B._Jenkins" title="Jerry B. Jenkins">Jerry B. Jenkins</a> based on the time-period before, during and after the Second Coming of Christ.</li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/End_of_Days_(film)" title="End of Days (film)">End of Days</a></i> – 1999 action-adventure film starring <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arnold_Schwarzenegger" title="Arnold Schwarzenegger">Arnold Schwarzenegger</a> about a policeman who must stop Satan before he ends the world.</li>
<li><i>Thief In the Night</i> by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/William_Sears_(Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Sears (Bahá'í)">William Bernard Sears</a> – The popular TV and radio personality plays the role of a detective in writing a book about identifying the clues and symbols from the Biblical prophecies of the return of the Christ that have been overlooked or misunderstood, and settles on a shocking conclusion (2002) [1961]. Oxford, UK: George Ronald. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r951705291">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85398-008-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-85398-008-X">0-85398-008-X</a>.</li>
<li><i>SCARS: Christian Fiction End-Times Thriller</i> by Patience Prence – 2010 novel about a girl named Becky who struggles through the time of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Tribulation" title="Great Tribulation">Great Tribulation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a></sup></li>
<li><i>At the End of All Things</i> by Stony Graves – 2011 novel about the days following the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rapture" title="Rapture">Rapture</a>, and right before the Final War between God and Satan.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a></sup></li>
<li><i>The Second Coming: A Love Story</i> by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scott_Pinsker" title="Scott Pinsker">Scott Pinsker</a> – 2014 novel about two men who claim to be the Second Coming of Christ. Each claims that the other is a liar – but only one is telling the truth.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a></sup></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Black_Jesus_(TV_series)" title="Black Jesus (TV series)">Black Jesus</a></i> – <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adult_Swim" title="Adult Swim">Adult Swim</a> television series (2014- ) created by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aaron_McGruder" title="Aaron McGruder">Aaron McGruder</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mike_Clattenburg" title="Mike Clattenburg">Mike Clattenburg</a>, tells the story of Jesus living in modern-day <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Compton,_California" title="Compton, California">Compton, California</a>, and his efforts to spread love and kindness on a daily basis. He is supported in his mission by a small-but-loyal group of downtrodden followers, while facing conflicts involving corrupt preachers, ethnic tensions, and the hate spreading activities of the manager of his apartment complex.</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/False_prophet" title="False prophet">False prophet</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Inaugurated_eschatology" title="Inaugurated eschatology">Inaugurated eschatology</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_messiah_claimants" title="List of messiah claimants">List of messiah claimants</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_people_claimed_to_be_Jesus" title="List of people claimed to be Jesus">List of people claimed to be Jesus</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Life_of_Jesus_in_the_New_Testament" title="Life of Jesus in the New Testament">Life of Jesus in the New Testament</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Realized_eschatology" title="Realized eschatology">Realized eschatology</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Second_Coming_(poem)" title="The Second Coming (poem)">"The Second Coming" (poem)</a>, by William Butler Yeats</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blueletterbible.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G2015&t=KJV">"Greek Lexicon :: G2015 (KJV)"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blue_Letter_Bible" title="Blue Letter Bible">Blue Letter Bible</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Blue+Letter+Bible&rft.atitle=Greek+Lexicon+%3A%3A+G2015+%28KJV%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blueletterbible.org%2Flang%2Flexicon%2Flexicon.cfm%3FStrongs%3DG2015%26t%3DKJV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-G3952-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-G3952_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100825135034/http://www.blueletterbible.org/cgi-bin/strongs.pl?strongs=3952">"Strong's G3952"</a>. Blueletterbible.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blueletterbible.org/cgi-bin/strongs.pl?strongs=3952">the original</a> on 2010-08-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strong%27s+G3952&rft.pub=Blueletterbible.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blueletterbible.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fstrongs.pl%3Fstrongs%3D3952&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">
<cite id="CITEREFGustav_Adolf_Deissmann1908" class="citation book cs1">Gustav Adolf Deissmann (1908). <i>Light from the Ancient East:The New Testament Illustrated by Recently Discovered Texts of the Graeco-Roman World</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Light+from+the+Ancient+East%3AThe+New+Testament+Illustrated+by+Recently+Discovered+Texts+of+the+Graeco-Roman+World&rft.date=1908&rft.au=Gustav+Adolf+Deissmann&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.people-press.org/2010/06/22/section-3-war-terrorism-and-global-trends/">"Public Sees a Future Full of Promise and Peril Section 3: War, Terrorism and Global Trends"</a>. Pew Research Center. June 22, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">Feb 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Public+Sees+a+Future+Full+of+Promise+and+Peril+Section+3%3A+War%2C+Terrorism+and+Global+Trends&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2010-06-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.people-press.org%2F2010%2F06%2F22%2Fsection-3-war-terrorism-and-global-trends%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFDemar1999" class="citation book cs1">Demar, Gary (August 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tAO3ZU78I-0C&pg=PA24"><i>Is Jesus Coming Soon?</i></a>. <i>google.ca</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780915815364" title="Special:BookSources/9780915815364"><bdi>9780915815364</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Is+Jesus+Coming+Soon%3F&rft.date=1999-08&rft.isbn=9780915815364&rft.aulast=Demar&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtAO3ZU78I-0C%26pg%3DPA24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1) Matthew, Douglas Hare, John Knox Press, Louisville, Kentucky, 1993, p. 281
2) The Gospel According to Saint Matthew, Alan Hugh M'Neile, Macmillan & Co., London 1949, p. 354-355
3) The Broadman Bible Commentary, Vol. 8, Clifton Allen, ed., Broadman Press, Nashville, TN 1969, p. 221
4) Critical and Exegetical Hand-Book To The Gospel of Matthew, Heinrich Meyer (1883), Alpha Pub., Winona Lake, IN 1980, p. 426
5) The Gospel According to Matthew, R.T. France, Eerdmans, Grand Rapids, MI, 1985, p. 346
6) A Commentary on The Gospel According to St. Matthew, Floyd Filson, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adam_%26_Charles_Black" class="mw-redirect" title="Adam & Charles Black">Adam & Charles Black</a> Pub., London, 1960, p. 257
7) Hard Sayings of the Bible, W. Kaiser, P. Davids, F.F. Bruce, M. Brauch, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/InterVarsity_Press" title="InterVarsity Press">InterVarsity Press</a>, Downers Grove, Ill, 1996, pp. 445–448
8) Bible Commentary, Vol. 1, Charles Scribner's Sons, NY 1901, p. 144
9) The Imperial Bible Dictionary, Vol. II, Rev. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Patrick_Fairbairn" title="Patrick Fairbairn">Patrick Fairbairn</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blackie_and_Son" title="Blackie and Son">Blackie and Son</a>, London, 1885, p. 352
10) The Great Tribulation, David Chilton, Dominion Press, Ft. Worth, TX 1987, p. 3
11) The Quest of the Historical Jesus, Dr. Albert Schweitzer, Macmillan, NY, 1968, p. 22
12) Apocalypse of The Gospels, Milton Terry (1819), chapter 18 reprinted and its pages renumbered in 1992 by John Bray, PO Box 90129, Lakeland, FL 33804, p. 34
13) The Parousia, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/J._Stuart_Russell" title="J. Stuart Russell">J. Stuart Russell</a>, T. Fisher Unwin Pub., London, 1887, p. 85</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chapter 2, ' The Folly of Faith ' p54 in " The New Atheism " by Victor J. Stenger, published 2009 by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prometheus_Books" title="Prometheus Books">Prometheus Books</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59102-751-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59102-751-5">978-1-59102-751-5</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Freeman, Charles. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Closing_of_the_Western_Mind" title="The Closing of the Western Mind">The Closing of the Western Mind</a></i>, p. 133. Vintage. 2002.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1) Future Survival, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chuck_Smith_(pastor)" title="Chuck Smith (pastor)">Chuck Smith</a>, The Word for Today, Costa Mesa, CA 1978, page 17
2) The Life of Jesus Critically Examined, Dr. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/David_Strauss" title="David Strauss">David Strauss</a>, Sigler Press, Ramsey, NJ 1994, page 587
3) Jesus and The Last Days, George Murray, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hendrickson_Publisher" class="mw-redirect" title="Hendrickson Publisher">Hendrickson Publisher</a>, Peabody, Mass. 1993, pages 443–444
4) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Quest_of_the_Historical_Jesus" title="The Quest of the Historical Jesus">The Quest of the Historical Jesus</a>, Dr. Albert Schweitzer, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a>, NY, 1968, page 240
5) Last Days Madness, Gary DeMar, American Vision Inc., Atlanta, GA 1994, page 114
6) The Parousia, Stuart Russell, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/T._Fisher_Unwin" title="T. Fisher Unwin">T. Fisher Unwin</a> Pub., London, 1887, page 84
7) The Decline & Fall of the Roman Empire, Edward Gibbon, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>, NY 1985, page 276
8) Apocalypse of The Gospels, Milton Terry, (1819), chapter 18 reprinted and its pages renumbered in 1992 by John Bray, PO Box 90129, Lakeland, FL 33804, pages 34 & 38</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAustin_Best" class="citation web cs1">Austin Best. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehorsemedia.com/articles/?d=27">"White Horse Media"</a>. <i>whitehorsemedia.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=whitehorsemedia.com&rft.atitle=White+Horse+Media&rft.au=Austin+Best&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehorsemedia.com%2Farticles%2F%3Fd%3D27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAustin_Best" class="citation web cs1">Austin Best. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitehorsemedia.com/articles/?d=61">"White Horse Media"</a>. <i>whitehorsemedia.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=whitehorsemedia.com&rft.atitle=White+Horse+Media&rft.au=Austin+Best&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitehorsemedia.com%2Farticles%2F%3Fd%3D61&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-orthodoxphotos%252Ecom-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-orthodoxphotos%252Ecom_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-orthodoxphotos%252Ecom_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orthodoxphotos.com/readings/sign/coming.shtml">"Jesus is Coming Soon"</a>. Orthodoxphotos.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jesus+is+Coming+Soon&rft.pub=Orthodoxphotos.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orthodoxphotos.com%2Freadings%2Fsign%2Fcoming.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08552a.htm">Catholic Encyclopedia: General Judgment</a>: "Few truths are more often or more clearly proclaimed in Scripture than that of the general judgment. To it the prophets of the Old Testament refer when they speak of the '<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Day_of_the_Lord" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of the Lord">Day of the Lord</a>' (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Joel#2:31" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Joel">Joel 2:31</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Ezekiel#13:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Ezekiel">Ezekiel 13:5</a>; 93-231700-6 register Holy BIBLE service name number Jermaine Thomas McCoy 93-231700-6 <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Isaiah#2:12" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Isaiah">Isaiah 2:12</a>), in which the nations will be summoned to judgment by the Fathers. In the New Testament the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parousia" title="Parousia">Parousia</a>, or coming of Christ as Judge of the world, is an oft-repeated doctrine. The Saviour Himself not only foretells the event but graphically portrays its circumstances (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#24:27" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">Matthew 24:27</a> sqq.;SGT john 1:18 Parish all world threw Justice hall Dean Jermaine Thomas McCoy <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Matthew#25:31" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Matthew">25:31</a> sqq.). The Apostles Malachi peter phophet labour give a most prominent place to this doctrine in their preaching (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Acts#10:42" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Acts">Acts 10:42</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Acts#17:31" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Acts">17:31</a>) and writings (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Romans#2:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Romans">Romans 2:5–16</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Romans#14:10" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Romans">14:10</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Corinthians#4:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Corinthians">1 Corinthians 4:5</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Corinthians#5:10" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Corinthians">2 Corinthians 5:10</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Timothy#4:1" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Timothy">2 Timothy 4:1</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Thessalonians#1:5" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Thessalonians">2 Thessalonians 1:5</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/James#5:7" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/James">James 5:7</a>). Besides the name Parusia (parousia), or Advent (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Corinthians#15:23" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Corinthians">1 Corinthians 15:23</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=2%20Thessalonians%202:19&version=nrsv">2 Thessalonians 2:19</a>), the Second Coming is also called Epiphany, epiphaneia, or Appearance (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=2%20Thessalonians%202:8&version=nrsv">2 Thessalonians 2:8</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Timothy#6:14" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Timothy">1 Timothy 6:14</a>; <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Timothy#4:1" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Timothy">2 Timothy 4:1</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Titus%202:13&version=nrsv">Titus 2:13</a>), and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apocalypse" title="Apocalypse">Apocalypse</a> (apokalypsis), or Revelation (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Thessalonians#2:7" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Thessalonians">2 Thessalonians 2:7</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Peter%204:13&version=nrsv">1 Peter 4:13</a>). The time of the Second Coming is spoken of as 'that Day' (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/2_Timothy#4:8" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/2 Timothy">2 Timothy 4:8</a>), 'the day of the Lord' (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/1_Thessalonians#5:2" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/1 Thessalonians">1 Thessalonians 5:2</a>), 'the day of Christ' (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Philemon#1:6" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Philemon">Philemon 1:6</a>), 'the day of the Son of Man' (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Luke#17:30" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/Luke">Luke 17:30</a>), 'the last day' (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/John#6:39" class="extiw" title="s:Bible (King James)/John">John 6:39–40</a>). The belief in the general judgment has prevailed at all times and in all places within the Church. It is contained as an article of faith in all the ancient creeds: 'He ascended into heaven. From thence He shall come to judge the living and the dead' (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apostles%27_Creed" title="Apostles' Creed">Apostles' Creed</a>). The two shall come again with glory to judge both the living and the dead' (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Nicene Creed</a>). 'From thence they shall come to judge the living and the dead, at whose coming all men must rise with their bodies and are to render an account of their deeds' (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Athanasian_Creed" title="Athanasian Creed">Athanasian Creed</a>). Relying on the authority of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Papias_of_Hierapolis" title="Papias of Hierapolis">Papias</a>, several Fathers of the first four centuries advanced the theory of a thousand years' terrestrial reign of Christ with the saints to precede the end of the World (see article on MILLENNIUM). Though this idea is interwoven with the eschatological teachings of those writers, it in no way detracted from their belief in a universal world-judgment. Patristic testimony to this dogma is clear and unanimous."</span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ralf_van_B%C3%BChren" title="Ralf van Bühren">Ralf van Bühren</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23753234.2017.1287283">Caravaggio's 'Seven Works of Mercy' in Naples. The relevance of art history to cultural journalism</a></i>, in <i>Church, Communication and Culture</i> 2 (2017), pp. 63–87.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stnectariospress.com/the-river-of-fire">"THE RIVER OF FIRE"</a>. <i>Saint Nectarios Press and Book Center</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saint+Nectarios+Press+and+Book+Center&rft.atitle=THE+RIVER+OF+FIRE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stnectariospress.com%2Fthe-river-of-fire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roacusa.org/htdocs/Catechism/AGAINST%20FALSE%20UNION.pdf">"Against False Union"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Autonomous_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Autonomous Church">Russian Orthodox Autonomous Church</a> (ROAC) of America.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Against+False+Union&rft.pub=Russian+Orthodox+Autonomous+Church+%28ROAC%29+of+America&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roacusa.org%2Fhtdocs%2FCatechism%2FAGAINST%2520FALSE%2520UNION.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p123a12.htm#1042">Catechism of the Catholic Church 1042–1050</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p2s1c1a1.htm#1107">Catechism of the Catholic Church 1107</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p3s1c3a3.htm#2046">Catechism of the Catholic Church 2046</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p1s2c2a7.htm#671">Catechism of the Catholic Church 671</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anglican Church of Canada, <i>Book of Alternative Services</i>, p 195</span>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul E. Engle and John H. Armstrong, eds., Understanding Four Views on the Lord’s Supper, Zondervan Counterpoints Collection (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2007), 46.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tabletalk Magazine, March 2005: The Exaltation of Christ (Lake Mary, FL: Ligonier Ministries, 2005), 11.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lds.org/topics/second-coming-of-jesus-christ">"Second Coming of Jesus Christ"</a>, <i>Study Helps: Gospel Topics</i>, LDS Church<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-07-09</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Second+Coming+of+Jesus+Christ&rft.btitle=Study+Helps%3A+Gospel+Topics&rft.pub=LDS+Church&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lds.org%2Ftopics%2Fsecond-coming-of-jesus-christ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lds.org/manual/gospel-principles/chapter-43-signs-of-the-second-coming">"Chapter 43: Signs of the Second Coming"</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gospel_Principles" title="Gospel Principles"><i>Gospel Principles</i></a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a>, Utah: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/LDS_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="LDS Church">LDS Church</a>, 2011, pp. 251–256</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+43%3A+Signs+of+the+Second+Coming&rft.btitle=Gospel+Principles&rft.place=Salt+Lake+City%2C+Utah&rft.pages=251-256&rft.pub=LDS+Church&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lds.org%2Fmanual%2Fgospel-principles%2Fchapter-43-signs-of-the-second-coming&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-Matthew_24:14-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Matthew_24:14_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/nt/matt/24.14?lang=eng">Matthew 24:14</a> KJV</span>
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<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Doctrine_and_Covenants/Section_45#26" class="extiw" title="s:The Doctrine and Covenants/Section 45">Doctrine and Covenants 45:26</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.adventist.org/fileadmin/adventist.org/files/articles/official-statements/28Beliefs-Web.pdf">"28 Fundamental Beliefs of the Seventh-day Adventists"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p. 11 (last page) of the pdf file.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=28+Fundamental+Beliefs+of+the+Seventh-day+Adventists&rft.pages=11+%28last+page%29+of+the+pdf+file&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.adventist.org%2Ffileadmin%2Fadventist.org%2Ffiles%2Farticles%2Fofficial-statements%2F28Beliefs-Web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Appendix 5B Christ's Presence (Parousia)", <i>New World Translation—Large Reference Edition</i>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Watch_Tower_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Watch Tower Society">Watch Tower Society</a>, 1984.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Presence", <i>Insight on the Scriptures – Volume 2</i>, ©1988 Watch Tower, page 677.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"1900 Onward—Skirts Splattered With Blood". <i>Awake!</i>: 22. November 8, 1989.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Awake%21&rft.atitle=1900+Onward%E2%80%94Skirts+Splattered+With+Blood&rft.pages=22&rft.date=1989-11-08&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Keep Jehovah's Day Close in Mind". <i>The Watchtower</i>: 21. September 1, 1997.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Watchtower&rft.atitle=Keep+Jehovah%27s+Day+Close+in+Mind&rft.pages=21&rft.date=1997-09-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"No Peace for the Wicked Ones". <i>The Watchtower</i>: 13. July 1, 1987.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Watchtower&rft.atitle=No+Peace+for+the+Wicked+Ones&rft.pages=13&rft.date=1987-07-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"There Is a Future for the Dead". <i>The Watchtower</i>: 200. April 1, 1968.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Watchtower&rft.atitle=There+Is+a+Future+for+the+Dead&rft.pages=200&rft.date=1968-04-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBlock1932" class="citation book cs1">Block, Marguerite Beck (1932). <i>The New Church in the New World</i>. New York: Henry Holt and Company. p. 38.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Church+in+the+New+World&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=38&rft.pub=Henry+Holt+and+Company&rft.date=1932&rft.aulast=Block&rft.aufirst=Marguerite+Beck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Rosicrucian_Fellowship" class="mw-redirect" title="The Rosicrucian Fellowship">The Rosicrucian Fellowship</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rosicrucian.com/zineen/pamen016.htm">Eastern and Western Spiritual Alternatives</a></i></span>
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<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Galatians+4%3A19&version=NRSV">Galatians 4:19</a></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2Pet+3%3A13&version=NRSV">2Pet 3:13</a></span>, <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2Pet+3%3A7&version=NRSV">3:7</a></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Max_Heindel" title="Max Heindel">Heindel, Max</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rosicrucian.com/hkc/hkceng01.htm">How Shall We Know Christ at His Coming?</a></i>, May 1913 (stenographic report of a lecture, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Angeles, California">Los Angeles</a>), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-911274-64-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-911274-64-2">0-911274-64-2</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1Cor+15%3A50&version=NRSV">1Cor 15:50</a></span>, <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=John+18%3A36&version=NRSV">John 18:36</a></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=2Cor+5%3A1%E2%80%933&version=NRSV">2Cor 5:1–3</a></span>, Greek "politeuma" [commonwealth], "Our commonwealth is in heaven ...": <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Philippians+3%3A20%E2%80%9321&version=NRSV">Philippians 3:20–21</a></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A30&version=NRSV">Matthew 24:30</a></span>, <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1Thess+4%3A17&version=NRSV">1Thess 4:17</a></span>, <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Acts+1%3A10%E2%80%9311&version=NRSV">Acts 1:10–11</a></span>, <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1John+3%3A2&version=NRSV">1John 3:2</a></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Matthew+24%3A23%E2%80%9327&version=NRSV">Matthew 24:23–27</a></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rosicrucian.com/zineen/magen119.htm">The Aquarian Age</a> (cf. <span class="nourlexpansion nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1Cor+2%3A6%E2%80%9316&version=NRSV">1Cor 2:6–16</a></span>)</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_Islam" title="The Oxford Dictionary of Islam">The Oxford Dictionary of Islam</a>, p.158</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFYusuf_Ali" class="citation web cs1">Yusuf Ali, Abdullah. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islam101.com/quran/yusufAli/QURAN/43.htm">"Surah Az-zukhruf"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Surah+Az-zukhruf&rft.aulast=Yusuf+Ali&rft.aufirst=Abdullah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islam101.com%2Fquran%2FyusufAli%2FQURAN%2F43.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFkathir" class="citation web cs1">kathir, Ibn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qtafsir.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2076&Itemid=99">"Tafsir al-Qur'an al-Azim"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tafsir+al-Qur%27an+al-Azim&rft.aulast=kathir&rft.aufirst=Ibn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qtafsir.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D2076%26Itemid%3D99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-EoI-Isa-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EoI-Isa_48-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EoI-Isa_48-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Isa", Encyclopedia of Islam</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukhari" title="Sahih al-Bukhari">Sahih al-Bukhari</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19700101010101/http://cmje.usc.edu/religious-texts/hadith/bukhari/043-sbt.php#003.043.656">3:43:656</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-S209-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-S209_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-S209_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFSonn2015" class="citation book cs1">Sonn, Tamara (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nPNmCgAAQBAJ"><i>Islam: History, Religion, and Politics</i></a>. John Wiley & Sons. p. 209. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-97230-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-97230-4"><bdi>978-1-118-97230-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+History%2C+Religion%2C+and+Politics&rft.pages=209&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-118-97230-4&rft.aulast=Sonn&rft.aufirst=Tamara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnPNmCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alislam.org/library/books/promisedmessiah/index.htm?page=63">“A Prophet Like Unto Moses”</a>, The Promised Mehdi and Messiha, by Dr. Aziz Ahmad Chaudhry, Islam International Publications Limited</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-muslim.org-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-muslim.org_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.muslim.org/bookspdf/fourques.pdf">The Four Questions Answered</a>, by Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, AAIIL 1996</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJ._E._Esslemont2006" class="citation book cs1">J. E. Esslemont (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bahai.org/library/other-literature/publications-individual-authors/bahaullah-new-era/"><i>Baha'u'llah and the New Era</i></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD_World_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'í World Centre">Bahá'í World Centre</a>: Bahai World Centre. p. 23. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87743-136-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-87743-136-1"><bdi>0-87743-136-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baha%27u%27llah+and+the+New+Era&rft.place=Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD+World+Centre&rft.pages=23&rft.pub=Bahai+World+Centre&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-87743-136-1&rft.au=J.+E.+Esslemont&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bahai.org%2Flibrary%2Fother-literature%2Fpublications-individual-authors%2Fbahaullah-new-era%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBaha'u'llah2002" class="citation book cs1">Baha'u'llah (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/slh-5.html"><i>The Summons of the Lord of Hosts</i></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD_World_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'í World Centre">Bahá'í World Centre</a>: Bahai World Centre. pp. 54–55. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-931847-33-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-931847-33-9"><bdi>978-1-931847-33-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Summons+of+the+Lord+of+Hosts&rft.place=Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD+World+Centre&rft.pages=54-55&rft.pub=Bahai+World+Centre&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-931847-33-9&rft.au=Baha%27u%27llah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freference.bahai.org%2Fen%2Ft%2Fb%2FSLH%2Fslh-5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-summonspage57-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-summonspage57_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-summonspage57_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBaha'u'llah2002" class="citation book cs1">Baha'u'llah (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/slh-5.html"><i>The Summons of the Lord of Hosts</i></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>, Israel: Bahai World Centre. p. 57. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-931847-33-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-931847-33-9"><bdi>978-1-931847-33-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Summons+of+the+Lord+of+Hosts&rft.place=Haifa%2C+Israel&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Bahai+World+Centre&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-931847-33-9&rft.au=Baha%27u%27llah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freference.bahai.org%2Fen%2Ft%2Fb%2FSLH%2Fslh-5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBaha'u'llah2002" class="citation book cs1">Baha'u'llah (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reference.bahai.org/en/t/b/SLH/slh-5.html"><i>The Summons of the Lord of Hosts</i></a>. Haifa, Israel: Bahai World Centre. p. 63. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-931847-33-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-931847-33-9"><bdi>978-1-931847-33-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Summons+of+the+Lord+of+Hosts&rft.place=Haifa%2C+Israel&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=Bahai+World+Centre&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-931847-33-9&rft.au=Baha%27u%27llah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freference.bahai.org%2Fen%2Ft%2Fb%2FSLH%2Fslh-5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFBuck2004" class="citation book cs1">Buck, Christopher (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bahai-library.com/buck_eschatology_globalization">"The eschatology of Globalization: The multiple-messiahship of Bahā'u'llāh revisited"</a>. In Sharon, Moshe (ed.). <i>Studies in Modern Religions, Religious Movements and the Bābī-Bahā'ī Faiths</i>. Boston: Brill. pp. 143–178. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-13904-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-13904-6"><bdi>978-90-04-13904-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+eschatology+of+Globalization%3A+The+multiple-messiahship+of+Bah%C4%81%27u%27ll%C4%81h+revisited&rft.btitle=Studies+in+Modern+Religions%2C+Religious+Movements+and+the+B%C4%81b%C4%AB-Bah%C4%81%27%C4%AB+Faiths&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=143-178&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-90-04-13904-6&rft.aulast=Buck&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbahai-library.com%2Fbuck_eschatology_globalization&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990508221018/http://bci.org/prophecy-fulfilled/">"Baha'i: Prophecy Fulfilled Homepage"</a>. <i>bci.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bci.org/prophecy-fulfilled/">the original</a> on 1999-05-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bci.org&rft.atitle=Baha%27i%3A+Prophecy+Fulfilled+Homepage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bci.org%2Fprophecy-fulfilled%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-bahai-library1-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bahai-library1_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLambden" class="citation web cs1">Lambden, Stephen. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bahai-library.com/bsr/bsr09/9B3_lambden_armageddon.htm">"Catastrophe, Armageddon and Millennium: some aspects of the Bábí-Baha'i exegesis of apocalyptic symbolism"</a>. Bahai-library.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-11-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Catastrophe%2C+Armageddon+and+Millennium%3A+some+aspects+of+the+B%C3%A1b%C3%AD-Baha%27i+exegesis+of+apocalyptic+symbolism&rft.pub=Bahai-library.com&rft.aulast=Lambden&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbahai-library.com%2Fbsr%2Fbsr09%2F9B3_lambden_armageddon.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-simmons-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-simmons_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shraga_Simmons" title="Shraga Simmons">Simmons, Rabbi Shraga</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aish.com/jw/s/48892792.html">"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"</a>. Accessed December 22, 2011.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ohr-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ohr_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ohr.edu/ask_db/ask_main.php/2637/Q1/">"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"</a>, Ohr Somayach – <i>Ask the Rabbi</i>. Accessed December 22, 2011.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWolpe2003" class="citation news cs1">Wolpe, Rabbi David (2003-01-09). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishjournal.com/opinion/7255/">"Why Jews Don't Accept Jesus — Jewish Journal"</a>. <i>Jewish Journal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-07-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Journal&rft.atitle=Why+Jews+Don%27t+Accept+Jesus+%E2%80%94+Jewish+Journal&rft.date=2003-01-09&rft.aulast=Wolpe&rft.aufirst=Rabbi+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjewishjournal.com%2Fopinion%2F7255%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/rastafari/beliefs/beliefs_1.shtml">"Rastafarian beliefs"</a>. BBC. 9 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rastafarian+beliefs&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2009-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Freligion%2Freligions%2Frastafari%2Fbeliefs%2Fbeliefs_1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAsanteMazama2005" class="citation book cs1">Asante, Molefi Kete; Mazama, Ama (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RcBkDlJ7qjwC"><i>Encyclopedia of Black Studies</i></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780761927624" title="Special:BookSources/9780761927624"><bdi>9780761927624</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Black+Studies&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780761927624&rft.aulast=Asante&rft.aufirst=Molefi+Kete&rft.au=Mazama%2C+Ama&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRcBkDlJ7qjwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Charet, M. (2010). Root of David: The Symbolic Origins of Rastafari (No. 2). ISPCK.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-PY-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PY_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PY_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Yogananda, Paramahansa. <i>The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You.</i> Self-Realization Fellowship, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0876125557" title="Special:BookSources/978-0876125557">978-0876125557</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dossey, Larry. Author of <i>Healing Words: The Power of Prayer and the Practice of Medicine</i> Harper One. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0062502520" title="Special:BookSources/978-0062502520">978-0062502520</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPrence2010" class="citation book cs1">Prence, Patience (July 27, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/SCARS-Christian-Fiction-End-Times-Thriller-ebook/dp/B003XKNF1K/ref=cm_lmf_tit_1"><i>SCARS: Christian Fiction End-Times Thriller</i></a>. Spring Harvest. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B003XKNF1K">B003XKNF1K</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=SCARS%3A+Christian+Fiction+End-Times+Thriller&rft.pub=Spring+Harvest&rft.date=2010-07-27&rft.aulast=Prence&rft.aufirst=Patience&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FSCARS-Christian-Fiction-End-Times-Thriller-ebook%2Fdp%2FB003XKNF1K%2Fref%3Dcm_lmf_tit_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13180182-at-the-end-of-all-things">"<i>At the End of All Things</i>"</a>. <i>goodreads.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=goodreads.com&rft.atitle=At+the+End+of+All+Things&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodreads.com%2Fbook%2Fshow%2F13180182-at-the-end-of-all-things&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Check date values in: <code class="cs1-code">|accessdate=</code> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_date" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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<li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPinsker2014" class="citation book cs1">Pinsker, Scott (June 5, 2014). <i>The Second Coming: A Love Story</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1500167219" title="Special:BookSources/978-1500167219"><bdi>978-1500167219</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Second+Coming%3A+A+Love+Story&rft.date=2014-06-05&rft.isbn=978-1500167219&rft.aulast=Pinsker&rft.aufirst=Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASecond+Coming" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/></span>
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</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Bibliography">Bibliography</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/C._S._Lewis" title="C. S. Lewis">C. S. Lewis</a>. (1960). <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_World%27s_Last_Night_and_Other_Essays" title="The World's Last Night and Other Essays">The World's Last Night and Other Essays</a>.</i> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harcourt_(publisher)#Harcourt_Brace_Jovanovich" title="Harcourt (publisher)">Harcourt Brace Jovanovich</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-15-698360-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-15-698360-5">0-15-698360-5</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Max_Heindel" title="Max Heindel">Max Heindel</a>. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rosicrucian.com/hkc/hkceng01.htm">How Shall We Know Christ at His Coming?</a></i>, May 1913 (stenographic report of a lecture, Los Angeles), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-911274-64-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-911274-64-2">0-911274-64-2</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Markus_M%C3%BChling" title="Markus Mühling">Markus Mühling</a>. <i>Grundinformation Eschatologie. Systematische Theologie aus der Perspektive der Hoffnung</i>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vandenhoeck_%26_Ruprecht" title="Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht">Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/G%C3%B6ttingen" title="Göttingen">Göttingen</a> 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-525-03619-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-525-03619-8">978-3-525-03619-8</a>, 221–241</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/James_Stuart_Russell" class="mw-redirect" title="James Stuart Russell">James Stuart Russell</a>. <i>The Parousia, A Careful Look at the New Testament Doctrine of the Lord's Second Coming</i>, London 1887Sike Sike skie</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emanuel_Swedenborg" title="Emanuel Swedenborg">Emanuel Swedenborg</a>. <i>The Consummation of the Age; the Coming of the Lord; and the New Heaven and New Church</i>, Chapter 14 in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://swedenborgdigitallibrary.org/contets/tcrtc.html"><i>The True Christian Religion Containing the Universal Theology of The New Church Foretold by the Lord in Daniel 7; 13, 14; and in Revelation 21; 1,2</i></a> (Swedenborg Foundation 1952)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Henry_Wansbrough" title="Henry Wansbrough">Henry Wansbrough</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_Jerusalem_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="The New Jerusalem Bible">The New Jerusalem Bible</a></i> (1990). <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Doubleday_(publisher)" title="Doubleday (publisher)">Doubleday</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-385-14264-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-385-14264-1">0-385-14264-1</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Paramahansa Yogananda</a>. <i>The Second Coming of Christ: The Resurrection of the Christ Within You.</i> Self-Realization Fellowship, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r951705291"/><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0876125557" title="Special:BookSources/978-0876125557">978-0876125557</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Second_Coming&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<ul><li>[<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf207.ii.xix.html">http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf207.ii.xix.html</a> "Lecture XV: On the Clause, And</li></ul>
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Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | 1602255052 |