Examine individual changes

'{{featured article}} {{Infobox television episode | season = [[The X-Files (season 1)|1]] | episode = 8 | title = Ice | series = [[The X-Files]] | guests = * [[Xander Berkeley]] as Dr. Hodge * [[Felicity Huffman]] as Dr. Nancy Da Silva * [[Steve Hytner]] as Dr. Denny Murphy * [[Jeff Kober]] as Bear | writer = [[Glen Morgan]]<br />[[James Wong (filmmaker)|James Wong]] | director= [[David Nutter]] | production= 1X07 | length = 45 minutes | airdate = November 5, 1993 | prev = [[Ghost in the Machine (The X-Files)|Ghost in the Machine]] | next= [[Space (The X-Files)|Space]] | episode_list = List of The X-Files episodes }} "'''Ice'''" is the eighth episode of the [[The X-Files (season 1)|first season]] of the American [[science fiction on television|science fiction]] television series ''[[The X-Files]]'', which premiered on the [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] network on November&nbsp;5, 1993. It was directed by [[David Nutter]] and written by [[Glen Morgan]] and [[James Wong (producer)|James Wong]]. The debut broadcast of "Ice" was watched by 10&nbsp;million viewers in 6.2&nbsp;million households and received positive reviews at large from critics, who praised its tense atmosphere. The plot of the episode shows [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]] special agents [[Fox Mulder]] ([[David Duchovny]]) and [[Dana Scully]] ([[Gillian Anderson]]) investigating about the death of an Alaskan research team. Isolated and alone, the agents and their accompanying team discover the existence of [[Extraterrestrial life|extraterrestrial]] [[Parasitism|parasitic]] organisms that drive their hosts into impulsive fits of rage. The episode was inspired by an article in ''[[Science News]]'' about an excavation in Greenland, and series creator [[Chris Carter (screenwriter)|Chris Carter]] also cited [[John W. Campbell]]'s 1938 novella ''[[Who Goes There?]]'' as an influence. Although the producers thought that "Ice" would save money by being shot in a single location, it ended up exceeding its own production budget. ==Plot== A mass [[murder–suicide]] occurs among a team of [[geophysics|geophysicists]] at an outpost in [[Icy Cape, Alaska]]. [[Fox Mulder]] ([[David Duchovny]]) and [[Dana Scully]] ([[Gillian Anderson]]) head for the outpost, accompanied by physician Dr. Hodge ([[Xander Berkeley]]), [[toxicology|toxicologist]] Dr. Da Silva ([[Felicity Huffman]]), geologist Dr. Murphy ([[Steve Hytner]]), and Bear ([[Jeff Kober]]), their pilot. Along with the scientists' bodies the group finds a dog, which attacks Mulder and Bear. Scully notices black nodules on its skin, and suspects that it may be infected with [[bubonic plague]]; she also notices a rash on its neck and movement beneath its skin. Although Bear, who was bitten by the dog, becomes ill and develops similar nodules on his body, autopsies reveal no such nodules on the bodies of the scientists. Murphy finds an [[ice core]] sample believed to originate from a meteor crater, and theorizes that the sample might be 250,000 years old. Although Bear insists on leaving, the others are concerned about infecting the outside world. When he is asked to provide a [[stool sample]], he attacks Mulder and tries to flee. Something moves under Bear's skin, and he dies when Hodge makes an incision there and removes what turns out to be a small worm from the back of his neck. Now without a pilot, the group is informed that evacuation is impossible because of an oncoming storm. The worm removed from Bear is kept in a jar, and another is recovered from one of the scientists' bodies. Mulder, believing that the worms are extraterrestrial, wants them kept alive, but Scully feels they should be destroyed to prevent infection. The group check each other for black nodules and find none, although Mulder reminds Scully that the nodules disappeared from the dog over time. Mulder wakes in the night and finds Murphy in the freezer with his throat cut; when the others arrive just as he discovers the body and see him standing over it, all of them, including Scully, think he has become infected and killed Murphy. They lock Mulder in a storeroom. Scully discovers that two worms placed in the same host environment will kill each other. When they investigate by putting one worm into the infected dog, it recovers. Against Scully's objections, Hodge and Da Silva try to put the other worm into Mulder when Hodge sees movement under Da Silva's skin and realizes she was the one infected. He and Mulder restrain the hysterical Da Silva and place the last worm inside her. When they are rescued, Da Silva and the dog are quarantined and the others are released. Although Mulder wants to return to the site, he is told that it has been destroyed by the government.{{sfn|Lowry|1995|pp=117–118}}{{sfn|Lovece|1996|pp=63–65}} ==Production== ===Conception and writing=== {{multiple image |footer= Film adaptations of ''[[Who Goes There?]]'' by [[Howard Hawks]] ''(left)'' and [[John Carpenter]] ''(right)'' influenced the episode. |image1= Hawks portrait crop.png |alt1 = A black-and-white image of a man looking off to one side |width1=158 |image2= JohnCarpenter01.jpg |alt2 = A headshot of a white-haired man with a moustache |width2=143 }} [[Glen Morgan]] began writing the episode after he read a ''[[Science News]]'' article about men in Greenland who found a 250,000-year-old item encased in ice.{{sfn|Lowry|1995|pp=118–119}}{{sfn|Goldman|1995|p=94}} The setting—an icy, remote research base overcome by an extraterrestrial creature—is similar to that of [[John W. Campbell]]'s 1938 novella ''[[Who Goes There?]]'' and its two feature-film incarnations: ''[[The Thing from Another World]]'' (1951), directed by [[Christian Nyby]] and produced by [[Howard Hawks]], and ''[[The Thing (1982 film)|The Thing]]'' (1982), directed by [[John Carpenter]].{{sfn|Lowry|1995|pp=118–119}}<ref name="EW"/> Chris Carter has cited them as the main inspirations for the episode.{{sfn|Goldman|1995|p=94}} As in the novella and films, the characters cannot trust each other because they are uncertain if they are who they seem to be.{{sfn|Lowry|1995|pp=118–119}} Carter particularly enjoyed this aspect, because it pitted Mulder and Scully against each other and provided "a new look on their characters early on in the series".<ref name="Speaks">{{cite AV media |people=[[Chris Carter (screenwriter)|Chris Carter]] (narrator) |title=Chris Carter Speaks about Season One Episodes: Ice|medium=DVD |location=''[[The X-Files (season 1)|The X-Files: The Complete First Season]]'' |publisher=[[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]]}}</ref> The episode's premise became a recurring theme in the series, with episodes such as "[[Darkness Falls (The X-Files)|Darkness Falls]]" and "[[Firewalker (The X-Files)|Firewalker]]" repeating the combination of remote locations and unknown lifeforms.{{sfn|Lowry|1995|pp=182–183}} A similar plot was featured in "[[The Enemy (Space: Above and Beyond)|The Enemy]]", a 1995 episode of Morgan and his writing partner [[James Wong (producer)|James Wong]]'s series ''[[Space: Above and Beyond]]'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.avclub.com/articles/the-walkoubliettenisei,43043/ |title='The Walk'/'Oubliette'/'Nisei' {{!}} The X-Files/Millennium |work=[[The A.V. Club]] |first= Emily |last=VanDerWerff |date=July 18, 2010 |access-date=November 2, 2012}}</ref> and according to [[UGO Networks]] the ''[[Fringe (TV series)|Fringe]]'' episode "[[What Lies Below]]" has "basically" the same plot as "Ice".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ugo.com/tv/fringe-versus-x-files|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100510135142/http://www.ugo.com/tv/fringe-versus-x-files|archive-date=May 10, 2010 |title=Fringe vs. The X-Files – A Comparison |work=[[UGO Networks]] |date=April 5, 2010 |access-date=November 8, 2012}}</ref> The episode introduced invertebrate parasites as antagonists in the series; this plot device would recur in "Firewalker", "[[The Host (The X-Files)|The Host]]", "[[F. Emasculata]]" and "[[Roadrunners (The X-Files)|Roadrunners]]".{{sfn|Westfahl|2005|p=586}} ===Filming=== The similarity to Carpenter's version of ''The Thing'' was due in part to new production designer Graeme Murray,{{sfn|Gradnitzer|Pittson|1999|p=37}} who worked on Carpenter's film and created the complex in which the episode took place.{{sfn|Edwards|1996|p=50}} Although "Ice" was intended as a [[bottle episode]] which would save money by being shot in a single location,{{sfn|Goldman|1995|p=94}} it went over budget. According to Carter, ''The X-Files'' typically worked from a small budget and "every dollar we spend ends up on the screen".{{sfn|Edwards|1996|p=50}} As a bottle episode, "Ice" used a small cast and its interiors were filmed on a set constructed at an old [[Molson]] brewery site. The episode's few exterior shots were filmed at [[Delta/Delta Heritage Air Park|Delta Air Park]] in [[Vancouver]], whose hangars and flat terrain simulated an Arctic location.{{sfn|Gradnitzer|Pittson|1999|p=37}} Carter said that he would have preferred to set the episode at the [[North Pole]], but he believed that this was unfeasible at the time.{{sfn|Edwards|1996|p=115}} For the worm effect, one member of the special effects department suggested putting a "baby snake" in a latex suit. After explaining that that couldn't be done, animal trainer Debbie Coe suggested using a "[[Zophobas morio|super mealworm]]" to achieve the desired effect.<ref name="DVD">{{cite AV media |people=Debbie Coe (animal trainer); Toby Lindala (make-up effects) |title=Behind the Truth: Ice |medium=DVD |location=''[[The X-Files (season 1)|The X-Files: The Complete First Season]]'' |publisher=[[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] }}</ref> The effect of the worms crawling in the host bodies was achieved with wires under fake skins, including a skin with hair for the dog.<ref name=Speaks/><ref name=DVD/> Digital effects were used for scenes involving the worms swimming in jars and entering the dog's ear.<ref name=Speaks/> Although extra footage of the worm scenes was shot so they would last as long as intended if [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]]'s standards-and-practices officials asked for cuts, no edits were requested.{{sfn|Lowry|1995|p=119}} "Ice" was the first significant role in the series for makeup effects artist [[Toby Lindala]], who become its chief makeup artist.{{sfn|Lowry|1995|p=119}} The dog used in the episode was a parent of Duchovny's dog, Blue.{{sfn|Lowry|1995|p=118}} [[Ken Kirzinger]], who played one of the scientists killed in the episode's [[cold open]], was the series' [[stunt coordinator]].{{sfn|Lovece|1996|p=65}} ==Analysis== Although "Ice" is not directly connected to the [[Mythology of The X-Files|series' overarching mythology]], it has been described as "a portent to the alien conspiracy arc which would become more pronounced in the second season" with its themes of alien invasion and governmental conspiracy.{{sfn|Geraghty|2009|p=99}} The episode is noted for exploring the relationship between its lead characters; Mulder and Scully's trust contrasts with the behavior of Hodge and DaSilva, who are united by a distrust of those around them. The pairs are "mirror images" in their approaches to partnership.{{sfn|Jones|1996|p=86}} "Ice" features two elements common to other works by Morgan and Wong: dual identities and the questioning of one's personality. In her essay "Last Night We Had an Omen", Leslie Jones noted this thematic leitmotif in several of their other ''X-Files'' scripts: "the meek animal-control inspector who is a mutant shape-shifter with a taste for human liver ["[[Squeeze (The X-Files)|Squeeze]]"], the hapless residents of rural Pennsylvania driven mad by a combination of insecticides and electronic equipment ["[[Blood (The X-Files)|Blood]]"], [and] the uptight PTA run by practicing Satanists ["[[Die Hand Die Verletzt]]"]".{{sfn|Jones|1996|p=89}} [[Anne Simon]], a biology professor at the [[University of Maryland, College Park|University of Maryland]], discussed the episode in her book ''Monsters, Mutants and Missing Links: The Real Science Behind the X-Files''. Simon noted that like the worms in "Ice", parasitic worms can attach to the human [[hypothalamus]] because it is not blocked by the [[blood–brain barrier]].{{sfn|Simon|2011|pp=23–24}} She compared "Ice" to the later episodes "[[Tunguska (The X-Files)|Tunguska]]" and "[[Gethsemane (The X-Files)|Gethsemane]]", with their common theme of extraterrestrial life reaching earth through [[panspermia]].{{sfn|Simon|2011|pp=58–59}} ==Reception== [[File:GillianAndersonByIdoCarmelWonderCon2008.jpg|thumb|right|alt=A woman with red hair looks past the camera and smiles|According to a reviewer, [[Dana Scully]] ''(actor [[Gillian Anderson]] pictured)'' was portrayed more intelligently in "Ice" than in her debut in "[[Pilot (The X-Files)|Pilot]]".]] ===Ratings=== "Ice" originally aired on the Fox network on {{nowrap|November 5, 1993}}, and was first broadcast in the United Kingdom on [[BBC Two]] on {{nowrap|November 10, 1994}}.<ref name="dvdset">{{cite DVD notes |title=The X-Files: The Complete First Season |title-link=The X-Files (season 1) |year=2004 |orig-year=First broadcast 1993–1994 |others=[[Robert Mandel]], [[Daniel Sackheim]], et al. |type=booklet |publisher=[[Fox Broadcasting Corporation|Fox]]}}</ref> The episode's initial American broadcast received a [[Nielsen rating]] of 6.6 with an 11&nbsp;share; about {{nowrap|6.6 percent}} of all households with television and {{nowrap|11 percent}} of households watching TV viewed the episode,{{sfn|Lowry|1995|p=248}} a total of {{nowrap|6.2 million}} households and 10&nbsp;million viewers.{{sfn|Lowry|1995|p=248}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Nielsen Ratings|newspaper=[[USA Today]]|publisher=[[Gannett Company|Gannett Company, Inc.]]|date=November 10, 1993|page=D3}}</ref> "Ice" and "[[Conduit (The X-Files)|Conduit]]" were released on [[VHS]] in 1996,<ref>{{cite journal |date=January 11, 1997 |title=Video Sales |journal=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |volume=109 |issue=2 |page=39 |issn=0006-2510 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wQ4EAAAAMBAJ&q=%22x+files%22+vhs+deep+throat&pg=PT38 |access-date=August 21, 2012 |last1=Nielsen Business Media |first1=Inc}}</ref> and the episode was released on DVD as part of the complete first season.<ref name="dvdset"/> ===Reviews=== "Ice" was praised by critics. In ''The Complete X-Files'', authors Matt Hurwitz and Chris Knowles called the episode a milestone for the fledgling series.{{sfn|Hurwitz|Knowles|2008|p=40}} An ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' first-season retrospective graded "Ice" as A−, calling it "particularly taut and briskly paced".<ref name="EW">{{cite web |url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,295174_2,00.html |title=X Cyclopedia: The Ultimate Episode Guide, Season 1 |work=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |date=November 29, 1996 |access-date=July 7, 2011}}</ref> On ''[[The A.V. Club]]'', Keith Phipps praised the episode and gave it an A. According to Phipps, the cast "plays the paranoia beautifully" and the episode was "as fine an hour as this first season would produce".<ref name="AVC">{{cite web |url=http://www.avclub.com/articles/ghost-in-the-machine-ice-space,13061/ |title=''The X-Files'': "Ghost In The Machine" / "Ice" / "Space" |first1=Keith |last1=Phipps |work=[[The A.V. Club]] |date=July 5, 2008 |access-date=July 18, 2011}}</ref> "Ice" was included on an ''A.V. Club'' list of greatest bottle episodes, where it was described as "us[ing] its close quarters as an advantage".<ref name="avc2">{{cite web|url=http://www.avclub.com/articles/tv-in-a-bottle-19-great-tv-episodes-largely-confin,42284/ |title=TV in a bottle: 19 great TV episodes largely confined to one location |work=[[The A.V. Club]] |first1=Jason |last1=Heller |first2=Genevieve |last2= Koski |first3=Noel |last3=Murray |first4=Sean |last4=O'Neal |first5=Leonard |last5=Pierce |first6=Scott |last6=Tobias |first7=Emily |last7=VanDerWerff |first8=Claire |last8=Zulkey |date=June 21, 2010 |access-date=July 7, 2012}}</ref> A third ''A.V. Club'' article, listing ten "must-see" episodes of the series, called "Ice" "the first sign that this show had a shot at really being something special" and said that it "makes great use of claustrophobia and the uneasy but growing alliance between the heroes".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.avclub.com/articles/guide-x-files-top-ten-xfiles,82714/ |title=10 must-see episodes of The X-Files |first=Emily |last=VanDerWerff |date=July 20, 2012 |access-date=July 20, 2012 |work=[[The A.V. Club]]}}</ref> ''[[Digital Spy]]''{{'}}s Ben Rawson-Jones described the episode's stand-off between Mulder and Scully as "an extremely tense moment of paranoia."<ref name="Digital">{{cite web |title=Classic Moment: Mulder vs Scully ('X-Files')|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/ustv/news/a112344/classic-moment-mulder-vs-scully-x-files.html |first1=Ben |last1=Rawson-Jones |date=July 20, 2008 |access-date=July 19, 2011 |publisher=[[Hearst Magazines UK]] |work=[[Digital Spy]]}}</ref> A ''[[New York Daily News]]'' review called the episode "potent and creepy", and said that its plot "was worthy of honorary passage into ''[[The Twilight Zone]]''".{{sfn|Lowry|1995|p=253}} Matt Haigh called it "an extremely absorbing and thrilling episode" on the [[Dennis Publishing|Den of Geek]] website, noting its debt to ''The Thing'',<ref name="Den">{{Cite web |url=http://www.denofgeek.com/television/132451/revisiting_the_xfiles_season_1_episode_8.html |title=Revisiting The X-Files: Season 1 Episode 8 |first=Matt |last=Haigh |publisher=Den of Geek |date=October 28, 2008 |access-date=April 4, 2012}}</ref> and Juliette Harrisson called "Ice" the "finest" stand-alone episode of the first season.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.denofgeek.com/tv/the-x-files/20936/a-look-back-over-the-x-files%E2%80%99-finest-stand-alone-episodes|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120722030254/http://www.denofgeek.com/tv/the-x-files/20936/a-look-back-over-the-x-files%E2%80%99-finest-stand-alone-episodes|title=A look back over The X-Files' finest stand-alone episodes|work=Den of Geek!|publisher=[[Dennis Publishing]]|author=Harrisson, Juliette|date=September 6, 2011|archive-date=July 22, 2012|access-date=September 28, 2015}}</ref> On the [[TV Squad]] blog, Anna Johns called it "a spectacular episode" with an "excellent" opening.<ref name="TVS">{{cite web |url= http://www.aoltv.com/2006/07/23/the-x-files-ice/ |title=The X-Files: Ice|first=Anna |last=Johns |date=July 23, 2006 |access-date=August 8, 2011 |work=[[TV Squad]] |publisher=[[The Huffington Post|Huffpost TV]]}}</ref> UGO Networks called the episode's worms among the series' best "Monsters-of-the-Week" and the cause of "much pointed-guns aggression".<ref name="UGO">{{Cite web |url=http://www.ugo.com/movies/top-xfiles-monsters | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723052037/http://www.ugo.com/movies/top-xfiles-monsters/|archive-date=July 23, 2008|title=Top 11 X-Files Monsters (of the Week) Intro |date=July 21, 2008 |access-date= September 6, 2011 |work=[[UGO Networks]]}}</ref> In [[Tor.com]], Meghan Deans compared the scene where Mulder and Scully inspect each other for infection to a similar scene in "[[Pilot (The X-Files)|Pilot]]"; in "Ice", both characters were equally vulnerable and (unlike the pilot scene) Scully was not portrayed as "an idiot".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tor.com/blogs/2011/11/reopening-the-x-files-ice |title=Reopening The X-Files: 'Ice' |first=Meghan |last=Deans |work=[[Tor.com]] |publisher=[[Tor Books]] |date=November 10, 2011 |access-date=July 3, 2012}}</ref> [[Robert Shearman]] and [[Lars Pearson]], in their book ''Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen'', gave the episode five out of five stars. They called it "the most influential episode ever made", noting that the series reprised its formula several times during its run. Shearman felt that although their script was derivative, Morgan and Wong created "a pivotal story" by combining crucial themes from ''The Thing'' with a "well rounded" cast of characters.{{sfn|Shearman|Pearson|2009|pp=16–17}} "Ice" was also considered one of the best episodes of the first season by the production crew. According to Carter, Morgan and Wong "just outdid themselves on this show, as did director [[David Nutter]], who really works so hard for us. I think they wrote a great script and he did a great job directing it, and we had a great supporting cast".{{sfn|Edwards|1996|pp=48–49}} Nutter said: "The real great thing about 'Ice' is that we were able to convey a strong sense of paranoia. It was also a great ensemble piece. We're dealing with the most basic emotions of each character, ranging from their anger to their ignorance and fear. It established the emotional ties these two characters have with each other, which is very important. Scaring the hell out of the audience was definitely the key to the episode".{{sfn|Edwards|1996|pp=48–49}} Anderson said that "it was very intense. There was a lot of fear and paranoia going on. We had some great actors to work with".{{sfn|Edwards|1996|pp=48–49}} ==Footnotes== {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==References== * {{Cite book |title=X-Files Confidential |first=Ted |last=Edwards |publisher=[[Little, Brown and Company]] |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-316-21808-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/xfilesconfidenti00edwa_0 }} * {{cite book | year=2009 | first=Lincoln |last=Geraghty |title=American Science Fiction Film and Television |publisher=[[Berg Publishers]] |isbn=978-1-84520-795-3 |edition=illustrated }} * {{cite book | year=1995 | last=Goldman |first= Jane| title=The X-Files Book of the Unexplained Volume I |publisher=[[Harper Prism]] |isbn=978-0-06-168617-7 }} * {{cite book |year=1999 |first1=Louisa |last1=Gradnitzer |first2=Todd |last2=Pittson |title=X Marks the Spot: On Location with The X-Files |publisher=[[Arsenal Pulp Press]] |isbn=978-1-55152-066-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/xmarksspotonloca00loui }} * {{Cite book |title=The Complete X-Files |first1=Matt |last1=Hurwitz |first2=Chris |last2=Knowles |publisher=Insight Editions |year=2008 |isbn=978-1-933784-80-9 }} * {{cite book |title=Deny All Knowledge: Reading The X-Files |last1=Jones |first1=Leslie |editor1-first=David |editor1-last=Lavery |editor2-first=Angela |editor2-last=Hague |editor3-first=Marla |editor3-last=Cartwright |year=1996 |publisher=[[Syracuse University Press]] |isbn=978-0-8156-2717-3 |chapter=Last Night We Had an Omen |url=https://archive.org/details/denyallknowledge0000lave }} * {{Cite book |title=The X-Files Declassified |first=Frank |last=Lovece |author-link=Frank Lovece |publisher=[[Citadel Press]] |year=1996 |isbn=978-0-8065-1745-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/xfilesdeclassifi00love }} * {{Cite book |title=The Truth is Out There: The Official Guide to the X-Files |url=https://archive.org/details/truthisoutthere00lowr |url-access=registration |first=Brian |last=Lowry |publisher=[[Harper Prism]] |year=1995 |isbn=978-0-06-105330-6 }} * {{cite book | year=2009 | first1=Robert |last1=Shearman |author-link1=Robert Shearman |first2=Lars |last2=Pearson |author-link2=Lars Pearson | title=Wanting to Believe: A Critical Guide to The X-Files, Millennium & The Lone Gunmen |publisher=[[Mad Norwegian Press]] |isbn=978-0-9759446-9-1 }} * {{Cite book |title=Monsters, Mutants and Missing Links: The Real Science Behind the X-Files |first=Anne |last=Simon |publisher=[[Random House]] |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4481-1694-2 |edition=illustrated }} * {{cite book |first=Gary |last=Westfahl |year=2005 |title=The Greenwood Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy: Themes, Works, and Wonders |volume=2 |publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]] |isbn=978-0-313-32952-4 }} ==External links== {{wikiquote|The X-Files (season 1)#Ice &#91;1.7&#93;|"Ice"}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010413095249/http://www.thexfiles.com/episodes/season1/1x07.html "Ice"] on ''The X-Files'' official website * {{IMDb episode|0751141|Ice}} * {{TV.com episode|the-xfiles/ice-498|Ice}} {{The X-Files episodes|1}} {{The Thing}} {{DISPLAYTITLE:Ice (''The X-Files'')}} [[Category:1993 American television episodes]] [[Category:Television episodes set in Alaska]] [[Category:Bottle television episodes]] [[Category:Television episodes set in the Arctic]] [[Category:The X-Files (season 1) episodes]] [[it:Episodi di X-Files (prima stagione)#Morte tra i ghiacci]]'