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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox UK place
| static_image_name = Bradford on Avon town bridge (2).JPG
| static_image_caption = The Town Bridge over the river Avon.<br/>The small domed building is the [[village lock-up|lockup]], where the town's troublemakers were put for the night.
| country = England
| official_name = Bradford-on-Avon
| population = 9402
| population_ref = (in 2011)<ref name="census">{{cite web|title=Wiltshire Community History - Census|url=http://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?item=Bradford%20on%20Avon|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=16 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122001019/https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?item=Bradford%20on%20Avon|archive-date=22 January 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| coordinates = {{coord|51.347|-2.251|display=inline,title}}
| civil_parish = Bradford-on-Avon
| unitary_england = [[Wiltshire Council|Wiltshire]]
| lieutenancy_england = [[Wiltshire]]
| os_grid_reference = ST826609
| region = South West England
| post_town = BRADFORD-ON-AVON
| postcode_district = BA15
| postcode_area = BA
| dial_code = 01225
| constituency_westminster = [[Chippenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Chippenham]]
| website = [https://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk/ Town Council]
}}
'''Bradford-on-Avon''' (sometimes '''Bradford on Avon''' or '''Bradford upon Avon'''<ref name="waterways">{{cite web |title=Bradford-on-Avon |url=https://www.waterwaysholidays.com/routes/bradford-on-avon.htm |website=www.waterwaysholidays.com |access-date=13 May 2020}}</ref><ref name="visit">{{cite web |title=About the Area |url=https://bradfordonavon.uk.com/about-bradford-on-avon/ |website=bradfordonavon.uk.com |publisher=Visit Bradford on Avon |access-date=13 May 2020 |quote=Bradford on Avon often referred to as Bradford Upon Avon}}</ref>) is a town and [[civil parishes in England|civil parish]] in west [[Wiltshire]], England, near the border with [[Somerset]], with a population of 9,402 at the 2011 census.<ref name="census"/> The town's canal, historic buildings, shops, pubs and restaurants make it popular with tourists.
The history of the town can be traced back to [[Roman Britain|Roman]] origins. It has several buildings dating from the 17th century, when the town grew due to the thriving English woollen textile industry.
== Geography ==
The town lies partly in the Avon Valley, and partly on the hill that marks the Vale's western edge, eight miles southeast of [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]], in the hilly area between the [[Mendip Hills]], [[Salisbury Plain]] and the [[Cotswold Hills]]. The local area around Bath provides the [[Jurassic]] [[limestone]] ([[Bath Stone]]) from which the older buildings are constructed. The [[River Avon, Bristol|River Avon]] (the [[Bristol]] Avon) runs through the town. The larger town of [[Trowbridge]] is nearby to the southeast.
The town includes the suburbs of '''Bearfield''' and '''Woolley'''; the parish includes the hamlets of '''Widbrook''' and '''Woolley Green'''.
The Western Wiltshire Green Belt, which forms the eastern extent of the [[Avon Green Belt]], completely surrounds Bradford-on-Avon. It helps to maintain the setting and preserve the character of the town by maintaining separation from nearby settlements such as Trowbridge, [[Winsley]], and [[Westwood, Wiltshire|Westwood]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Wiltshire Core Strategy - Adopted January 2015|url=http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/adopted-local-plan-jan16-low-res.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902070500/http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/adopted-local-plan-jan16-low-res.pdf|archive-date=2 September 2018|website=Wiltshire Council|pages=15, 84}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bath & North East Somerset Green Belt Review - Stage 1 Report April 2013 - Green Belt history and policy origins|url=http://www.bathnes.gov.uk/sites/default/files/sitedocuments/Planning-and-Building-Control/Planning-Policy/Evidence-Base/Environment/gbr_stage1_report.pdf|website=www.bathnes.gov.uk}}</ref>
== History ==
The earliest evidence of habitation is fragments of [[Roman Empire|Roman]] settlements above the town. In particular, [[archaeological]] digs have revealed the remains of a large [[Roman villa]] with a well-preserved [[mosaic]] on the playing fields of [[St Laurence School]]. The centre of the town grew up around the [[ford (crossing)|ford]] across the river Avon, hence the origin of the town's name ("Broad-Ford").<ref name="vch">{{cite web|website=British History Online|title=Victoria County History - Wiltshire - Vol 7 pp4-51 - Parishes: Bradford-on-Avon|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol7/pp4-51|publisher=University of London|access-date=16 February 2016}}</ref> This was supplemented in [[Norman architecture|Norman]] times by the stone bridge that still stands today. The Norman side is upstream, and has pointed arches; the newer side has curved arches. The Town Bridge and Chapel is a grade I [[listed building]]. It was originally a [[packhorse bridge]], but widened in the 17th century by rebuilding the western side.<ref>{{NHLE | desc=The Town Bridge and Chapel | num=1036011 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref> On 2 July 1643 the town was the site of a skirmish in the [[English Civil War]], when Royalists seized control of the bridge on their way to the [[Battle of Lansdowne]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The civil war in the south west |last=Barratt |first=John |year=2005 |publisher=Pen & Sword Military|location=Bernsley |isbn=1-84415-146-8 |page=48 }}</ref>
On the bridge stands a small building which was originally a [[chapel]] but was later used as a town lockup. The weather vane on top takes the form of a [[gudgeon (fish)|gudgeon]],<ref name="vch"/> (an early Christian symbol), hence the local saying "under the fish and over the water".
Widbrook Grange is a Georgian manor house on the edge of the town. It was built as a model farm on Earl Manvers' estate; it is now run as a hotel.
The river provided power for the wool mills that gave the town its wealth. The town has 17th-century buildings dating from the most successful period of the local [[textile]] industry. The best examples of weavers' cottages are on Newtown, Middle Rank and Tory Terraces. [[Daniel Defoe]] visited Bradford-on-Avon in the early 18th century<ref name="vch"/> and commented: "They told me at Bradford that it was no extra-ordinary thing to have clothiers in that country worth, from ten thousand, to forty thousand pounds a man ''[equivalent to £1.3M to £5.3M in 2007]'', and many of the great families, who now pass for gentry in those counties, have been originally raised from, and built up by this truly noble manufacture."<ref name="defoep281">{{cite book |last1=Defoe |first1=Daniel |title=A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain: Vol 1 |page=281 |url=https://archive.org/stream/tourthroughtthew006736mbp/tourthroughtthew006736mbp_djvu.txt}}</ref>
With improving mechanisation in [[textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution]], the wool [[weaving]] industry moved from cottages to purpose-built woollen mills adjacent to the river, where they used water and steam to power the looms. Around thirty such mills were built in Bradford-on-Avon alone, and these prospered further until the English woollen industry shifted its centre of power to Yorkshire in the late 19th century. The last local mill closed in 1905. Many have since stood empty and some became derelict.
[[File:Tithe Barn at Bradford on Avon.JPG|thumb|[[Bradford-on-Avon Tithe Barn|Barton Farm Tithe Barn]]]]
A notable feature of Bradford-on-Avon is the large Grade II* listed [[Bradford-on-Avon Tithe Barn|tithe barn]], known as the Saxon Tithe Barn, 180 feet long and 30 feet wide, which was constructed in the 14th century and is now part of Barton Farm [[Country Park]].<ref>{{NHLE | desc=Tithe Barn | num=1364527 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref> The barn would have been used for collecting taxes, in the form of goods, to fund the church.
There are several notable buildings in and around the town centre. Many of the old textile factories have been converted into modern flats and apartments; however, few of the buildings are still used today in their original roles. One of the few is ''The Swan'', a public house and hotel set in the centre of town; the building is 17th century and retains many original features, in particular the stone flag floors. Records show that there has been a public house on the same site since the 1500s.
In 1998 the [[Wiltshire Music Centre]] was opened in Bradford-on-Avon, on the grounds of [[St Laurence School]]. In 2000, the millennium sculpture nicknamed "Millie" was unveiled.
On 8 October 2003, Bradford-on-Avon was granted [[Fairtrade Town]] status.
== Religious sites ==
=== Early church ===
{{Main|St Laurence's Church, Bradford-on-Avon}}
[[File:St Laurence's Church.JPG|thumb|right|St Laurence's church]]
[[File:Holy Trinity, Bradford on Avon.JPG|thumb|right|upright|Holy Trinity church]]
The [[Anglo-Saxons|Saxon]] church dedicated to [[Saint Lawrence]] may have been founded by [[Aldhelm, Bishop of Sherborne|Saint Aldhelm]] around 705, and could have been a temporary burial site for King [[Edward the Martyr]]. It was rediscovered by [[William Henry Jones|William Jones]] in 1856, having been used for secular purposes (apparently becoming a house, a school and part of a factory).
It is suggested that some of the building, containing the blind arcades at a higher level, may belong to a later period<ref>H.M.Taylor & Joan Taylor, ''Anglo-Saxon Architecture'', Cambridge University Press, 1980</ref> while a leaflet available at the church, February 2012, seems to prefer the period 950–1050 for the whole building. The elaborate ornamentation of the exterior consists of pilaster-strips, a broad [[frieze]] of two plain string-courses between which is a blind [[arcade (architecture)|arcade]] of round-headed arches whose short vertical pilasters have trapezoidal capitals and bases, while on the eastern [[gable]] and the corners adjacent there is a series of mouldings as vertical triple semicylinders.<ref>Taylor & Taylor, op. cit.</ref>
Inside the church, high in the wall above a small [[chancel]] arch, are the carved figures of two flying [[angels]], the right-hand figure reportedly "intended to be clothed in transparent drapery ... the legs from the knee downward are depicted as showing through the transparent robe" which is referred to as a "quaint fancy".<ref>Gordon Home & Edward Foord, "Bristol, Bath and Malkmesbury, with a Short Account of Bradford on Avon" in the series ''Cathedrals, abbeys and Famous Churches'', J.M.Dent, London, 1925</ref>
=== Others ===
In addition to the Saxon church, the town has four [[Church of England]] churches, one Church of England [[chapel]], two [[Baptist]] chapels, a United Church ([[Methodist]] and [[United Reformed Church]]), a free nonconformist church, a community church, a [[Quaker]] (Society of Friends) meeting house and a [[Roman Catholic]] church.
The original [[parish church]] has a dedication to the [[Holy Trinity]], and is located near the town centre by the river. It is Norman in origin, and it is possible that the [[chancel]] was built over the remains of an older church. Several chapels were added on the north side, and the wall in between was later opened up and the chapels now form the north aisle. A squint, or [[hagioscope]], near the altar is claimed to be England's longest. The [[tower]] and [[spire]] was built around 1480, replacing an older one, and the south wall was largely rebuilt in the 19th century.<ref>{{NHLE | desc=Holy Trinity Church | num=1364540 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref> The church has a ring of eight [[Church bell|bells]], with the [[tenor]] (heaviest bell) weighing {{long ton||29|2|26}} and is tuned to D{{music|flat}}.
The other [[Anglican]] church has dedication of [[Christ Church, Bradford-on-Avon|Christ Church]], and is entirely a [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] construction.<ref>{{NHLE | desc=Christ Church | num=1036077 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref> The [[St Thomas More, Bradford-on-Avon|Catholic church]], dedicated to [[St. Thomas More]], occupies the building that used to be the town hall.<ref>{{NHLE | desc=Roman Catholic Church of St Thomas More | num=1364518 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref>
There is also a Buddhist monastery in the town, under the auspices of the Aukana Trust; it comprises a monastic building each for men and for women, and a meditation hall. There are also workshops, gardens and a library, and the elegant buildings look down upon the town from a hill. The monastery practises the [[Theravadin]] tradition of Buddhism, and offers opportunities for both full-time residential and part-time practise and study.
== Economy ==
[[File:Bradford-on-Avon panorama, Wiltshire, UK - Diliff.jpg|thumb|centre|500px|A panoramic view of Bradford from the north-west]]
Bradford-on-Avon was the site of an early factory for rubber products, established at Kingston Mill by [[Stephen Moulton]] in 1848 and later named George Spencer, Moulton and Co. The company was acquired by [[Avon Rubber]], a large manufacturer of rubber products for the automotive and other industries, and production continued until 1993.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gracesguide.co.uk/George_Spencer,_Moulton_and_Co|title=George Spencer, Moulton and Co|website=Grace's Guide|access-date=12 February 2019}}</ref> Today, the town is the headquarters of the [[Alex Moulton]] [[bicycle]] company and has several other small-scale manufacturing enterprises.
The town's main business is shopping, tourism and day-to-day servicing of a population largely made up of families, commuters and the retired.
The town has one mid-sized [[supermarket]], [[Sainsbury's]], on the Elms Cross industrial estate, a short walk from the canal lock, and five [[convenience store]]s.<ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://www.yell.com/ucs/UcsSearchAction.do?keywords=convenience+store&companyName=&location=BRADFORD-ON-AVON&search.x=0&search.y=0&search=SEARCH&scrambleSeed=90543387&searchType=advance&M=0&lastKeyword=supermarket&lastClarifyIndex=&lastClarifyOptions=&lastSearchall=&lastSearchallTax=&lastbandedclarifyResults=&bandedclarifyResults=&ssm=0
|title=Grocers and convenience stores
|publisher=[[Yell.com]] Yellow Pages directory
|access-date=2008-08-11
}}</ref> Local consumers founded Bradford-on-Avon Co-operative Society in 1861, which, in the 1960s, united with other [[consumer co-operative]]s in the district to merge with a national business.<ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://www2.co-operative.com:8080/Ext_1/ShHistory.ns4/$WebSharebook/Bradford-on-Avon?OpenDocument
|title=Coop Online Share Book search: Bradford-on-Avon
|access-date=2008-05-21
}}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://www.avoncda.coop/localcoops4.htm
|quote=Its five shops in Bristol, Stroud, Glastonbury, Totnes and Bradford-on-Avon sell clothes for adults and children
|title=Listing of co-operatives in the ACDA area
|publisher=[[Avon Co-operative Development Agency]]
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080802130148/http://www.avoncda.coop/localcoops4.htm
|archive-date=2 August 2008
}}</ref> A mini outdoor [[shopping centre]] of independent shops, Weavers Walk, which describes itself as an "ethical trading centre", is in the town centre.
The town is an increasingly popular location for films, television adaptations and more; it has played host to ''Wolf Hall'', ''Creation'' (The life of Darwin), ''Robin of Sherwood'' and a film adaptation of ''Canterbury Tales''. In 2016, [[The White Princess (miniseries)|''The White Princess'']] TV series filmed in the area.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wiltshiretimes.co.uk/news/14721531.Bradford_on_Avon_is_centre_stage_for_filming_of_White_Princess/ |title=Bradford on Avon is centre stage for filming of White Princess |date=3 September 2016 |website=Wiltshire Times |publisher=Newsquest |access-date=4 January 2016 |quote=in the Tithe Barn, near Frome Road, and St Laurence's Church, in Church Street.}}</ref>
==Transport==
'''Road'''
Bradford-on-Avon lies on the [[A363 road|A363]] [[Trowbridge]] to [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]] road, which runs through the town from south to north, and crossed over by the [[List of roads zones in Great Britain|B3109]] linking Bradford-on-Avon with [[Melksham]] and [[Frome]]. All other road routes are minor, affording access to local settlements. Bradford-on-Avon is about 15 miles from junction 18 of the [[M4 motorway]] at [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]] and the same distance from junction 17 at [[Chippenham]].
'''Rail'''
[[Bradford-on-Avon railway station]] lies on what is now the [[Heart of Wessex Line]]. It is served by [[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]] and [[South Western Railway (train operating company)|South Western Railway]] services to [[Bath Spa railway station|Bath Spa]], [[Bristol Temple Meads railway station|Bristol Temple Meads]], [[Cardiff Central railway station|Cardiff Central]], [[Weymouth railway station|Weymouth]], [[Portsmouth Harbour railway station|Portsmouth Harbour]] and [[London Waterloo railway station|London Waterloo]]. It opened in the mid-19th century and was built by the original [[Great Western Railway]].
'''Waterways'''
Running parallel to the railway through the town is the [[Kennet & Avon Canal]] and [[Bradford Lock]]. The use of this canal declined as the railways grew but it was restored to full working order during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. The canal provides a link through to the Avon at Bath in the west, and the [[Thames]] at [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]] in the east.
== Governance ==
Bradford-on-Avon [[civil parishes in England|civil parish]] elects a [[town council]] with twelve members: six for the North [[Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom|ward]] and six for the South ward. As of June 2020, Bradford on Avon Town Council comprises seven councillors from the Ideal Bradford<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idealbradford.org/|title=Ideal Bradford|language=en-GB|access-date=20 January 2018}}</ref> party platform, two independent councillors and three [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrat]] councillors.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk/towncouncillors.php|title=Meet your Town Councillors|website=Bradford on Avon Town Council|access-date=20 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121071345/http://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk/towncouncillors.php|archive-date=21 January 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The town council provides an increasing range of services in the town, building on its historically mostly consultative and ceremonial role. These include provision of youth services, management of significant and growing areas of green space and town facilities, and management of several premises within the town. Its chairman has the title of [[Mayor]] of Bradford. The Town Council declared a [[Climate_emergency_declaration|Climate Emergency]] in March 2019 and has committed to becoming Carbon Neutral by 2030.
Statutory local government functions (including schools, roads, social services, emergency planning, leisure services, development control, and waste disposal) are carried out by [[Wiltshire Council]], a [[unitary authority]].
Since 2010, Bradford-on-Avon has been part of the [[Chippenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Chippenham parliamentary constituency]].
'''See also''':
* [[Wiltshire Council elections]]
* [[1999 West Wiltshire Council election]]
* [[2003 West Wiltshire Council election]]
* [[2007 West Wiltshire Council election]]
==Education==
The town has a secondary school, [[St Laurence School]], founded in 1980 as a result of the merger of [[Fitzmaurice Grammar School]] and Trinity [[Secondary Modern school]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getschool.php?id=311|title=St. Laurence School, Bradford on Avon|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref> There are two primary schools: in the north of the town is Christ Church [[Church of England|CofE]] ([[Voluntary controlled school|VC]]) Primary School, established as a [[National school (England and Wales)|National school]] in 1848 and on its present site since 1956.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getschool.php?id=309|title=Christ Church Church of England Controlled Primary School, Bradford on Avon|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref> In the south, Fitzmaurice Primary School, opened in 1928 as Bradford on Avon Council Junior Mixed and Infants' School.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getschool.php?id=310|title=Fitzmaurice Primary School, Bradford on Avon|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref>
==Sport and leisure==
Bradford-on-Avon has a [[Non-League football]] club, [[Bradford Town F.C.]], who play at the Sports and Social Club on Trowbridge Road. In addition to a bowls club, tennis courts and a swimming pool, there is also the Bradford-on-Avon Rowing Club, catering for rowing and canoeing from their base opposite Barton Farm country park.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Bradford on Avon Rowing Club (BOARC)|url=https://www.boarc.org.uk/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-02-11|website=|language=en-US}}</ref> Bradford on Avon [[Rugby union|rugby]] club, whose first team played in [[Dorset & Wilts 1 North]] in <small>2019–20, have their ground at [[Winsley]], just west of the town.</small><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Bradford on Avon RFC|url=https://bradfordonavonrfc.rfu.club/about|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-02-11|website=}}</ref>
[[Wiltshire Music Centre]] is a purpose-built, 300-seat concert hall within the grounds of St Laurence School that attracts internationally renowned musicians.
==Notable people==
*[[John Methuen (diplomat)|John Methuen]] and his son Sir [[Paul Methuen (diplomat)|Paul Methuen]], successively Ambassadors to [[Portugal]]
*[[Peter Hammill]], singer-songwriter
*[[Henry Shrapnel]], inventor of the [[shrapnel shell]]
*[[Shadrack Byfield]], War of 1812 infantryman and memoirist
*[[Miles Kington]], journalist
*[[Alex Moulton]], engineer and inventor
*[[Simon R. Green]], science-fiction/fantasy author
*[[Rugby union]] players [[Will Carling]], [[Phil de Glanville]], [[Jon Sleightholme]] and [[Lewis Moody]]
*[[Hugh Scully]], television presenter
*[[Jonathan Newth]], actor
*[[Rob Newman (footballer)|Rob Newman]], ex-footballer and current football manager
*[[Paul Emsley]], artist
*[[Andy Pearce]], ex-footballer
*[[Stephen Volk]], TV scriptwriter, TV series ''Afterlife'', ''Dark Corners''
*[[Simon Tisdall]], journalist
*[[Samuel Meredith (police officer)|Samuel Meredith]], first British [[Chief Constable]] in 1839
*Pop groups [[Jesus Jones]] and [[Blackbud]] were both formed in the town
*[[Fitzroy Simpson]], former professional footballer
*[[Ed McKeever]], Olympic canoeing champion
*[[Emily Hilda Young]], novelist
*[[Donald Maitland]], senior diplomat
*[[Edgar Ford]], cricketer
*[[Paddy Edwards]], cricketer
*[[Hannah Brown (canoeist)|Hannah Brown]], canoeist
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Wikivoyage|Bradford on Avon}}
{{commons category|Bradford-on-Avon}}
{{EB1911 poster|Bradford-on-Avon}}
*[https://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk Bradford on Avon Town Council]
*[https://www.bradfordonavon.co.uk Explore BOA, Official Visitor Information Centre]
*{{curlie|/Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom/England/Wiltshire/Bradford-on-Avon/}}
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire/content/image_galleries/historic_bradford_on_avon_photos_gallery1.shtml Historic Bradford-on-Avon photos] at [http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire BBC Wiltshire]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/wiltshire/hi/people_and_places/history/newsid_8545000/8545732.stm''Six English Towns: Bradford-on-Avon''] - A 35-minute BBC TV programme made in 1981 examining Bradford-on-Avon's Georgian buildings and architecture
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire/content/articles/2008/08/19/day_out_bradford_on_avon_1878_film_feature.shtml ''Day Out: Bradford-on-Avon''] - A 30-minute BBC TV programme made in 1978 of a day spent exploring Bradford-on-Avon
{{Wiltshire}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bradford-on-Avon}}
[[Category:Bradford-on-Avon| ]]
[[Category:Kennet and Avon Canal]]
[[Category:Towns in Wiltshire]]
[[Category:Civil parishes in Wiltshire]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{short description|Town in Wiltshire, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox UK place
| static_image_name = Bradford on Avon town bridge (2).JPG
| static_image_caption = The Town Bridge over the river Avon.<br/>The small domed building is the [[village lock-up|lockup]], where the town's troublemakers were put for the night.
| country = England
| official_name = Bradford-on-Avon
| population = 9402
| population_ref = (in 2011)<ref name="census">{{cite web|title=Wiltshire Community History - Census|url=http://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?item=Bradford%20on%20Avon|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=16 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180122001019/https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?item=Bradford%20on%20Avon|archive-date=22 January 2018|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| coordinates = {{coord|51.347|-2.251|display=inline,title}}
| civil_parish = Bradford-on-Avon
| unitary_england = [[Wiltshire Council|Wiltshire]]
| lieutenancy_england = [[Wiltshire]]
| os_grid_reference = ST826609
| region = South West England
| post_town = BRADFORD-ON-AVON
| postcode_district = BA15
| postcode_area = BA
| dial_code = 01225
| constituency_westminster = [[Chippenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Chippenham]]
| website = [https://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk/ Town Council]
}}
'''Bradford-on-Avon''' (sometimes '''Bradford on Avon''' or '''Bradford upon Avon'''<ref name="waterways">{{cite web |title=Bradford-on-Avon |url=https://www.waterwaysholidays.com/routes/bradford-on-avon.htm |website=www.waterwaysholidays.com |access-date=13 May 2020}}</ref><ref name="visit">{{cite web |title=About the Area |url=https://bradfordonavon.uk.com/about-bradford-on-avon/ |website=bradfordonavon.uk.com |publisher=Visit Bradford on Avon |access-date=13 May 2020 |quote=Bradford on Avon often referred to as Bradford Upon Avon}}</ref>) is a town and [[civil parishes in England|civil parish]] in west [[Wiltshire]], England, near the border with [[Somerset]], with a population of 9,402 at the 2011 census.<ref name="census"/> The town's canal, historic buildings, shops, pubs and restaurants make it popular with tourists.
The history of the town can be traced back to [[Roman Britain|Roman]] origins. It has several buildings dating from the 17th century, when the town grew due to the thriving English woollen textile industry.
== Geography ==
The town lies partly in the Avon Valley, and partly on the hill that marks the Vale's western edge, eight miles southeast of [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]], in the hilly area between the [[Mendip Hills]], [[Salisbury Plain]] and the [[Cotswold Hills]]. The local area around Bath provides the [[Jurassic]] [[limestone]] ([[Bath Stone]]) from which the older buildings are constructed. The [[River Avon, Bristol|River Avon]] (the [[Bristol]] Avon) runs through the town. The larger town of [[Trowbridge]] is nearby to the southeast.
The town includes the suburbs of '''Bearfield''' and '''Woolley'''; the parish includes the hamlets of '''Widbrook''' and '''Woolley Green'''.
The Western Wiltshire Green Belt, which forms the eastern extent of the [[Avon Green Belt]], completely surrounds Bradford-on-Avon. It helps to maintain the setting and preserve the character of the town by maintaining separation from nearby settlements such as Trowbridge, [[Winsley]], and [[Westwood, Wiltshire|Westwood]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Wiltshire Core Strategy - Adopted January 2015|url=http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/adopted-local-plan-jan16-low-res.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902070500/http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/adopted-local-plan-jan16-low-res.pdf|archive-date=2 September 2018|website=Wiltshire Council|pages=15, 84}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Bath & North East Somerset Green Belt Review - Stage 1 Report April 2013 - Green Belt history and policy origins|url=http://www.bathnes.gov.uk/sites/default/files/sitedocuments/Planning-and-Building-Control/Planning-Policy/Evidence-Base/Environment/gbr_stage1_report.pdf|website=www.bathnes.gov.uk}}</ref>
== History ==
The earliest evidence of habitation is fragments of [[Roman Empire|Roman]] settlements above the town. In particular, [[archaeological]] digs have revealed the remains of a large [[Roman villa]] with a well-preserved [[mosaic]] on the playing fields of [[St Laurence School]]. The centre of the town grew up around the [[ford (crossing)|ford]] across the river Avon, hence the origin of the town's name ("Broad-Ford").<ref name="vch">{{cite web|website=British History Online|title=Victoria County History - Wiltshire - Vol 7 pp4-51 - Parishes: Bradford-on-Avon|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol7/pp4-51|publisher=University of London|access-date=16 February 2016}}</ref> This was supplemented in [[Norman architecture|Norman]] times by the stone bridge that still stands today. The Norman side is upstream, and has pointed arches; the newer side has curved arches. The Town Bridge and Chapel is a grade I [[listed building]]. It was originally a [[packhorse bridge]], but widened in the 17th century by rebuilding the western side.<ref>{{NHLE | desc=The Town Bridge and Chapel | num=1036011 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref> On 2 July 1643 the town was the site of a skirmish in the [[English Civil War]], when Royalists seized control of the bridge on their way to the [[Battle of Lansdowne]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The civil war in the south west |last=Barratt |first=John |year=2005 |publisher=Pen & Sword Military|location=Bernsley |isbn=1-84415-146-8 |page=48 }}</ref>
On the bridge stands a small building which was originally a [[chapel]] but was later used as a town lockup. The weather vane on top takes the form of a [[gudgeon (fish)|gudgeon]],<ref name="vch"/> (an early Christian symbol), hence the local saying "under the fish and over the water".
Widbrook Grange is a Georgian manor house on the edge of the town. It was built as a model farm on Earl Manvers' estate; it is now run as a hotel.
The river provided power for the wool mills that gave the town its wealth. The town has 17th-century buildings dating from the most successful period of the local [[textile]] industry. The best examples of weavers' cottages are on Newtown, Middle Rank and Tory Terraces. [[Daniel Defoe]] visited Bradford-on-Avon in the early 18th century<ref name="vch"/> and commented: "They told me at Bradford that it was no extra-ordinary thing to have clothiers in that country worth, from ten thousand, to forty thousand pounds a man ''[equivalent to £1.3M to £5.3M in 2007]'', and many of the great families, who now pass for gentry in those counties, have been originally raised from, and built up by this truly noble manufacture."<ref name="defoep281">{{cite book |last1=Defoe |first1=Daniel |title=A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain: Vol 1 |page=281 |url=https://archive.org/stream/tourthroughtthew006736mbp/tourthroughtthew006736mbp_djvu.txt}}</ref>
With improving mechanisation in [[textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution]], the wool [[weaving]] industry moved from cottages to purpose-built woollen mills adjacent to the river, where they used water and steam to power the looms. Around thirty such mills were built in Bradford-on-Avon alone, and these prospered further until the English woollen industry shifted its centre of power to Yorkshire in the late 19th century. The last local mill closed in 1905. Many have since stood empty and some became derelict.
[[File:Tithe Barn at Bradford on Avon.JPG|thumb|[[Bradford-on-Avon Tithe Barn|Barton Farm Tithe Barn]]]]
A notable feature of Bradford-on-Avon is the large Grade II* listed [[Bradford-on-Avon Tithe Barn|tithe barn]], known as the Saxon Tithe Barn, 180 feet long and 30 feet wide, which was constructed in the 14th century and is now part of Barton Farm [[Country Park]].<ref>{{NHLE | desc=Tithe Barn | num=1364527 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref> The barn would have been used for collecting taxes, in the form of goods, to fund the church.
There are several notable buildings in and around the town centre. Many of the old textile factories have been converted into modern flats and apartments; however, few of the buildings are still used today in their original roles. One of the few is ''The Swan'', a public house and hotel set in the centre of town; the building is 17th century and retains many original features, in particular the stone flag floors. Records show that there has been a public house on the same site since the 1500s.
In 1998 the [[Wiltshire Music Centre]] was opened in Bradford-on-Avon, on the grounds of [[St Laurence School]]. In 2000, the millennium sculpture nicknamed "Millie" was unveiled.
On 8 October 2003, Bradford-on-Avon was granted [[Fairtrade Town]] status.
== Religious sites ==
=== Early church ===
{{Main|St Laurence's Church, Bradford-on-Avon}}
[[File:St Laurence's Church.JPG|thumb|right|St Laurence's church]]
[[File:Holy Trinity, Bradford on Avon.JPG|thumb|right|upright|Holy Trinity church]]
The [[Anglo-Saxons|Saxon]] church dedicated to [[Saint Lawrence]] may have been founded by [[Aldhelm, Bishop of Sherborne|Saint Aldhelm]] around 705, and could have been a temporary burial site for King [[Edward the Martyr]]. It was rediscovered by [[William Henry Jones|William Jones]] in 1856, having been used for secular purposes (apparently becoming a house, a school and part of a factory).
It is suggested that some of the building, containing the blind arcades at a higher level, may belong to a later period<ref>H.M.Taylor & Joan Taylor, ''Anglo-Saxon Architecture'', Cambridge University Press, 1980</ref> while a leaflet available at the church, February 2012, seems to prefer the period 950–1050 for the whole building. The elaborate ornamentation of the exterior consists of pilaster-strips, a broad [[frieze]] of two plain string-courses between which is a blind [[arcade (architecture)|arcade]] of round-headed arches whose short vertical pilasters have trapezoidal capitals and bases, while on the eastern [[gable]] and the corners adjacent there is a series of mouldings as vertical triple semicylinders.<ref>Taylor & Taylor, op. cit.</ref>
Inside the church, high in the wall above a small [[chancel]] arch, are the carved figures of two flying [[angels]], the right-hand figure reportedly "intended to be clothed in transparent drapery ... the legs from the knee downward are depicted as showing through the transparent robe" which is referred to as a "quaint fancy".<ref>Gordon Home & Edward Foord, "Bristol, Bath and Malkmesbury, with a Short Account of Bradford on Avon" in the series ''Cathedrals, abbeys and Famous Churches'', J.M.Dent, London, 1925</ref>
=== Others ===
In addition to the Saxon church, the town has four [[Church of England]] churches, one Church of England [[chapel]], two [[Baptist]] chapels, a United Church ([[Methodist]] and [[United Reformed Church]]), a free nonconformist church, a community church, a [[Quaker]] (Society of Friends) meeting house and a [[Roman Catholic]] church.
The original [[parish church]] has a dedication to the [[Holy Trinity]], and is located near the town centre by the river. It is Norman in origin, and it is possible that the [[chancel]] was built over the remains of an older church. Several chapels were added on the north side, and the wall in between was later opened up and the chapels now form the north aisle. A squint, or [[hagioscope]], near the altar is claimed to be England's longest. The [[tower]] and [[spire]] was built around 1480, replacing an older one, and the south wall was largely rebuilt in the 19th century.<ref>{{NHLE | desc=Holy Trinity Church | num=1364540 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref> The church has a ring of eight [[Church bell|bells]], with the [[tenor]] (heaviest bell) weighing {{long ton||29|2|26}} and is tuned to D{{music|flat}}.
The other [[Anglican]] church has dedication of [[Christ Church, Bradford-on-Avon|Christ Church]], and is entirely a [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] construction.<ref>{{NHLE | desc=Christ Church | num=1036077 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref> The [[St Thomas More, Bradford-on-Avon|Catholic church]], dedicated to [[St. Thomas More]], occupies the building that used to be the town hall.<ref>{{NHLE | desc=Roman Catholic Church of St Thomas More | num=1364518 | access-date=2006-08-24}}</ref>
There is also a Buddhist monastery in the town, under the auspices of the Aukana Trust; it comprises a monastic building each for men and for women, and a meditation hall. There are also workshops, gardens and a library, and the elegant buildings look down upon the town from a hill. The monastery practises the [[Theravadin]] tradition of Buddhism, and offers opportunities for both full-time residential and part-time practise and study.
== Economy ==
[[File:Bradford-on-Avon panorama, Wiltshire, UK - Diliff.jpg|thumb|centre|500px|A panoramic view of Bradford from the north-west]]
Bradford-on-Avon was the site of an early factory for rubber products, established at Kingston Mill by [[Stephen Moulton]] in 1848 and later named George Spencer, Moulton and Co. The company was acquired by [[Avon Rubber]], a large manufacturer of rubber products for the automotive and other industries, and production continued until 1993.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gracesguide.co.uk/George_Spencer,_Moulton_and_Co|title=George Spencer, Moulton and Co|website=Grace's Guide|access-date=12 February 2019}}</ref> Today, the town is the headquarters of the [[Alex Moulton]] [[bicycle]] company and has several other small-scale manufacturing enterprises.
The town's main business is shopping, tourism and day-to-day servicing of a population largely made up of families, commuters and the retired.
The town has one mid-sized [[supermarket]], [[Sainsbury's]], on the Elms Cross industrial estate, a short walk from the canal lock, and five [[convenience store]]s.<ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://www.yell.com/ucs/UcsSearchAction.do?keywords=convenience+store&companyName=&location=BRADFORD-ON-AVON&search.x=0&search.y=0&search=SEARCH&scrambleSeed=90543387&searchType=advance&M=0&lastKeyword=supermarket&lastClarifyIndex=&lastClarifyOptions=&lastSearchall=&lastSearchallTax=&lastbandedclarifyResults=&bandedclarifyResults=&ssm=0
|title=Grocers and convenience stores
|publisher=[[Yell.com]] Yellow Pages directory
|access-date=2008-08-11
}}</ref> Local consumers founded Bradford-on-Avon Co-operative Society in 1861, which, in the 1960s, united with other [[consumer co-operative]]s in the district to merge with a national business.<ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://www2.co-operative.com:8080/Ext_1/ShHistory.ns4/$WebSharebook/Bradford-on-Avon?OpenDocument
|title=Coop Online Share Book search: Bradford-on-Avon
|access-date=2008-05-21
}}{{dead link|date=July 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web
|url=http://www.avoncda.coop/localcoops4.htm
|quote=Its five shops in Bristol, Stroud, Glastonbury, Totnes and Bradford-on-Avon sell clothes for adults and children
|title=Listing of co-operatives in the ACDA area
|publisher=[[Avon Co-operative Development Agency]]
|url-status=dead
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080802130148/http://www.avoncda.coop/localcoops4.htm
|archive-date=2 August 2008
}}</ref> A mini outdoor [[shopping centre]] of independent shops, Weavers Walk, which describes itself as an "ethical trading centre", is in the town centre.
The town is an increasingly popular location for films, television adaptations and more; it has played host to ''Wolf Hall'', ''Creation'' (The life of Darwin), ''Robin of Sherwood'' and a film adaptation of ''Canterbury Tales''. In 2016, [[The White Princess (miniseries)|''The White Princess'']] TV series filmed in the area.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wiltshiretimes.co.uk/news/14721531.Bradford_on_Avon_is_centre_stage_for_filming_of_White_Princess/ |title=Bradford on Avon is centre stage for filming of White Princess |date=3 September 2016 |website=Wiltshire Times |publisher=Newsquest |access-date=4 January 2016 |quote=in the Tithe Barn, near Frome Road, and St Laurence's Church, in Church Street.}}</ref>
==Transport==
'''Road'''
Bradford-on-Avon lies on the [[A363 road|A363]] [[Trowbridge]] to [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]] road, which runs through the town from south to north, and crossed over by the [[List of roads zones in Great Britain|B3109]] linking Bradford-on-Avon with [[Melksham]] and [[Frome]]. All other road routes are minor, affording access to local settlements. Bradford-on-Avon is about 15 miles from junction 18 of the [[M4 motorway]] at [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]] and the same distance from junction 17 at [[Chippenham]].
'''Rail'''
[[Bradford-on-Avon railway station]] lies on what is now the [[Heart of Wessex Line]]. It is served by [[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]] and [[South Western Railway (train operating company)|South Western Railway]] services to [[Bath Spa railway station|Bath Spa]], [[Bristol Temple Meads railway station|Bristol Temple Meads]], [[Cardiff Central railway station|Cardiff Central]], [[Weymouth railway station|Weymouth]], [[Portsmouth Harbour railway station|Portsmouth Harbour]] and [[London Waterloo railway station|London Waterloo]]. It opened in the mid-19th century and was built by the original [[Great Western Railway]].
'''Waterways'''
Running parallel to the railway through the town is the [[Kennet & Avon Canal]] and [[Bradford Lock]]. The use of this canal declined as the railways grew but it was restored to full working order during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. The canal provides a link through to the Avon at Bath in the west, and the [[Thames]] at [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]] in the east.
== Governance ==
Bradford-on-Avon [[civil parishes in England|civil parish]] elects a [[town council]] with twelve members: six for the North [[Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom|ward]] and six for the South ward. As of June 2020, Bradford on Avon Town Council comprises seven councillors from the Ideal Bradford<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.idealbradford.org/|title=Ideal Bradford|language=en-GB|access-date=20 January 2018}}</ref> party platform, two independent councillors and three [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrat]] councillors.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk/towncouncillors.php|title=Meet your Town Councillors|website=Bradford on Avon Town Council|access-date=20 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121071345/http://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk/towncouncillors.php|archive-date=21 January 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The town council provides an increasing range of services in the town, building on its historically mostly consultative and ceremonial role. These include provision of youth services, management of significant and growing areas of green space and town facilities, and management of several premises within the town. Its chairman has the title of [[Mayor]] of Bradford. The Town Council declared a [[Climate_emergency_declaration|Climate Emergency]] in March 2019 and has committed to becoming Carbon Neutral by 2030.
Statutory local government functions (including schools, roads, social services, emergency planning, leisure services, development control, and waste disposal) are carried out by [[Wiltshire Council]], a [[unitary authority]].
Since 2010, Bradford-on-Avon has been part of the [[Chippenham (UK Parliament constituency)|Chippenham parliamentary constituency]].
'''See also''':
* [[Wiltshire Council elections]]
* [[1999 West Wiltshire Council election]]
* [[2003 West Wiltshire Council election]]
* [[2007 West Wiltshire Council election]]
==Education==
The town has a secondary school, [[St Laurence School]], founded in 1980 as a result of the merger of [[Fitzmaurice Grammar School]] and Trinity [[Secondary Modern school]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getschool.php?id=311|title=St. Laurence School, Bradford on Avon|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref> There are two primary schools: in the north of the town is Christ Church [[Church of England|CofE]] ([[Voluntary controlled school|VC]]) Primary School, established as a [[National school (England and Wales)|National school]] in 1848 and on its present site since 1956.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getschool.php?id=309|title=Christ Church Church of England Controlled Primary School, Bradford on Avon|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref> In the south, Fitzmaurice Primary School, opened in 1928 as Bradford on Avon Council Junior Mixed and Infants' School.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getschool.php?id=310|title=Fitzmaurice Primary School, Bradford on Avon|website=Wiltshire Community History|publisher=Wiltshire Council|access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref>
==Sport and leisure==
Bradford-on-Avon has a [[Non-League football]] club, [[Bradford Town F.C.]], who play at the Sports and Social Club on Trowbridge Road. In addition to a bowls club, tennis courts and a swimming pool, there is also the Bradford-on-Avon Rowing Club, catering for rowing and canoeing from their base opposite Barton Farm country park.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Bradford on Avon Rowing Club (BOARC)|url=https://www.boarc.org.uk/|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-02-11|website=|language=en-US}}</ref> Bradford on Avon [[Rugby union|rugby]] club, whose first team played in [[Dorset & Wilts 1 North]] in <small>2019–20, have their ground at [[Winsley]], just west of the town.</small><ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Bradford on Avon RFC|url=https://bradfordonavonrfc.rfu.club/about|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2021-02-11|website=}}</ref>
[[Wiltshire Music Centre]] is a purpose-built, 300-seat concert hall within the grounds of St Laurence School that attracts internationally renowned musicians.
==Notable people==
*[[John Methuen (diplomat)|John Methuen]] and his son Sir [[Paul Methuen (diplomat)|Paul Methuen]], successively Ambassadors to [[Portugal]]
*[[Peter Hammill]], singer-songwriter
*[[Henry Shrapnel]], inventor of the [[shrapnel shell]]
*[[Shadrack Byfield]], War of 1812 infantryman and memoirist
*[[Miles Kington]], journalist
*[[Alex Moulton]], engineer and inventor
*[[Simon R. Green]], science-fiction/fantasy author
*[[Rugby union]] players [[Will Carling]], [[Phil de Glanville]], [[Jon Sleightholme]] and [[Lewis Moody]]
*[[Hugh Scully]], television presenter
*[[Jonathan Newth]], actor
*[[Rob Newman (footballer)|Rob Newman]], ex-footballer and current football manager
*[[Paul Emsley]], artist
*[[Andy Pearce]], ex-footballer
*[[Stephen Volk]], TV scriptwriter, TV series ''Afterlife'', ''Dark Corners''
*[[Simon Tisdall]], journalist
*[[Samuel Meredith (police officer)|Samuel Meredith]], first British [[Chief Constable]] in 1839
*Pop groups [[Jesus Jones]] and [[Blackbud]] were both formed in the town
*[[Fitzroy Simpson]], former professional footballer
*[[Ed McKeever]], Olympic canoeing champion
*[[Emily Hilda Young]], novelist
*[[Donald Maitland]], senior diplomat
*[[Edgar Ford]], cricketer
*[[Paddy Edwards]], cricketer
*[[Hannah Brown (canoeist)|Hannah Brown]], canoeist
*[[Freyja Pitman]], amazing person
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Wikivoyage|Bradford on Avon}}
{{commons category|Bradford-on-Avon}}
{{EB1911 poster|Bradford-on-Avon}}
*[https://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk Bradford on Avon Town Council]
*[https://www.bradfordonavon.co.uk Explore BOA, Official Visitor Information Centre]
*{{curlie|/Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom/England/Wiltshire/Bradford-on-Avon/}}
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire/content/image_galleries/historic_bradford_on_avon_photos_gallery1.shtml Historic Bradford-on-Avon photos] at [http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire BBC Wiltshire]
*[http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/wiltshire/hi/people_and_places/history/newsid_8545000/8545732.stm''Six English Towns: Bradford-on-Avon''] - A 35-minute BBC TV programme made in 1981 examining Bradford-on-Avon's Georgian buildings and architecture
*[http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire/content/articles/2008/08/19/day_out_bradford_on_avon_1878_film_feature.shtml ''Day Out: Bradford-on-Avon''] - A 30-minute BBC TV programme made in 1978 of a day spent exploring Bradford-on-Avon
{{Wiltshire}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bradford-on-Avon}}
[[Category:Bradford-on-Avon| ]]
[[Category:Kennet and Avon Canal]]
[[Category:Towns in Wiltshire]]
[[Category:Civil parishes in Wiltshire]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -162,4 +162,5 @@
*[[Paddy Edwards]], cricketer
*[[Hannah Brown (canoeist)|Hannah Brown]], canoeist
+*[[Freyja Pitman]], amazing person
== References ==
' |
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Wiltshire, England</div>
<p class="mw-empty-elt">
</p>
<div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Human settlement in England</div><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:23em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="font-size:1.25em; white-space:nowrap">Bradford-on-Avon</th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Bradford_on_Avon_town_bridge_(2).JPG" class="image"><img alt="Bradford on Avon town bridge (2).JPG" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Bradford_on_Avon_town_bridge_%282%29.JPG/240px-Bradford_on_Avon_town_bridge_%282%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="177" data-file-width="4481" data-file-height="3299" /></a><br />The Town Bridge over the river Avon.<br />The small domed building is the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Village_lock-up" title="Village lock-up">lockup</a>, where the town's troublemakers were put for the night.</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r997900035">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Wiltshire_UK_location_map.svg" class="image" title="Bradford-on-Avon is located in Wiltshire"><img alt="Bradford-on-Avon is located in Wiltshire" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Wiltshire_UK_location_map.svg/240px-Wiltshire_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="292" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Wiltshire_UK_location_map.svg/360px-Wiltshire_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Wiltshire_UK_location_map.svg/480px-Wiltshire_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1039" data-file-height="1266" /></a><div class="od" style="top:46.625%;left:14.19%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Bradford-on-Avon" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Bradford-on-Avon" width="6" height="6" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:4px"><div>Bradford-on-Avon</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">9,402 (in 2011)<sup id="cite_ref-census_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion" style="white-space: nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bradford-on-Avon&params=51.34691102462_N_2.2512176908423_W_region:GB">ST826609</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Civil_parish" title="Civil parish">Civil parish</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Bradford-on-Avon</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">Unitary authority</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire_Council" title="Wiltshire Council">Wiltshire</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_West_England" title="South West England">South West</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-size:80%;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r920968872">.mw-parser-output span.allcaps{text-transform:uppercase}</style><span class="allcaps">BRADFORD-ON-AVON</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-size:100%;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BA_postcode_area" title="BA postcode area">BA15</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-size:100%;">01225</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire_Police" title="Wiltshire Police">Wiltshire</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorset_and_Wiltshire_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorset and Wiltshire Fire and Rescue Service">Dorset and Wiltshire</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Western_Ambulance_Service" title="South Western Ambulance Service">South Western</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2">
</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Kingdom_Parliament_constituencies" title="United Kingdom Parliament constituencies">UK Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chippenham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Chippenham (UK Parliament constituency)">Chippenham</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width: 40%">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk/">Town Council</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below hlist noprint nowrap" style="border-top: 1px solid #aaa; padding-top: 3px; font-size:85%;">
<dl><dt><span style="font-weight:normal;">List of places</span></dt>
<dd><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_places_in_England" title="List of places in England">England</a></dd>
<dd><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_places_in_Wiltshire" title="List of places in Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></dd></dl>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r994658806">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bradford-on-Avon&params=51.347_N_2.251_W_region:GB_type:city(9402)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°20′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°15′04″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.347°N 2.251°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.347; -2.251</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r994658806"/><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bradford-on-Avon&params=51.347_N_2.251_W_region:GB_type:city(9402)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°20′49″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°15′04″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.347°N 2.251°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.347; -2.251</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Bradford-on-Avon</b> (sometimes <b>Bradford on Avon</b> or <b>Bradford upon Avon</b><sup id="cite_ref-waterways_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-waterways-2">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-visit_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visit-3">[3]</a></sup>) is a town and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Civil_parishes_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil parishes in England">civil parish</a> in west <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a>, England, near the border with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Somerset" title="Somerset">Somerset</a>, with a population of 9,402 at the 2011 census.<sup id="cite_ref-census_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-1">[1]</a></sup> The town's canal, historic buildings, shops, pubs and restaurants make it popular with tourists.
</p><p>The history of the town can be traced back to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman</a> origins. It has several buildings dating from the 17th century, when the town grew due to the thriving English woollen textile industry.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Geography"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Geography</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Religious_sites"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Religious sites</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Early_church"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Early church</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Others"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Others</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Economy"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Economy</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Transport"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Transport</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Governance"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Governance</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Education"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Education</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Sport_and_leisure"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Sport and leisure</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Notable_people"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Notable people</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Geography">Geography</span></h2>
<p>The town lies partly in the Avon Valley, and partly on the hill that marks the Vale's western edge, eight miles southeast of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a>, in the hilly area between the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mendip_Hills" title="Mendip Hills">Mendip Hills</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salisbury_Plain" title="Salisbury Plain">Salisbury Plain</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cotswold_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Cotswold Hills">Cotswold Hills</a>. The local area around Bath provides the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">Jurassic</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bath_Stone" class="mw-redirect" title="Bath Stone">Bath Stone</a>) from which the older buildings are constructed. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Avon,_Bristol" title="River Avon, Bristol">River Avon</a> (the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a> Avon) runs through the town. The larger town of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trowbridge" title="Trowbridge">Trowbridge</a> is nearby to the southeast.
</p><p>The town includes the suburbs of <b>Bearfield</b> and <b>Woolley</b>; the parish includes the hamlets of <b>Widbrook</b> and <b>Woolley Green</b>.
</p><p>The Western Wiltshire Green Belt, which forms the eastern extent of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Avon_Green_Belt" title="Avon Green Belt">Avon Green Belt</a>, completely surrounds Bradford-on-Avon. It helps to maintain the setting and preserve the character of the town by maintaining separation from nearby settlements such as Trowbridge, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Winsley" title="Winsley">Winsley</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Westwood,_Wiltshire" title="Westwood, Wiltshire">Westwood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2>
<p>The earliest evidence of habitation is fragments of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> settlements above the town. In particular, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Archaeological" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological">archaeological</a> digs have revealed the remains of a large <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roman_villa" title="Roman villa">Roman villa</a> with a well-preserved <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaic</a> on the playing fields of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/St_Laurence_School" title="St Laurence School">St Laurence School</a>. The centre of the town grew up around the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ford_(crossing)" title="Ford (crossing)">ford</a> across the river Avon, hence the origin of the town's name ("Broad-Ford").<sup id="cite_ref-vch_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-6">[6]</a></sup> This was supplemented in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Norman_architecture" title="Norman architecture">Norman</a> times by the stone bridge that still stands today. The Norman side is upstream, and has pointed arches; the newer side has curved arches. The Town Bridge and Chapel is a grade I <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed building</a>. It was originally a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Packhorse_bridge" title="Packhorse bridge">packhorse bridge</a>, but widened in the 17th century by rebuilding the western side.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> On 2 July 1643 the town was the site of a skirmish in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a>, when Royalists seized control of the bridge on their way to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Battle_of_Lansdowne" title="Battle of Lansdowne">Battle of Lansdowne</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup>
</p><p>On the bridge stands a small building which was originally a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chapel" title="Chapel">chapel</a> but was later used as a town lockup. The weather vane on top takes the form of a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gudgeon_(fish)" title="Gudgeon (fish)">gudgeon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-vch_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-6">[6]</a></sup> (an early Christian symbol), hence the local saying "under the fish and over the water".
</p><p>Widbrook Grange is a Georgian manor house on the edge of the town. It was built as a model farm on Earl Manvers' estate; it is now run as a hotel.
</p><p>The river provided power for the wool mills that gave the town its wealth. The town has 17th-century buildings dating from the most successful period of the local <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">textile</a> industry. The best examples of weavers' cottages are on Newtown, Middle Rank and Tory Terraces. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Daniel_Defoe" title="Daniel Defoe">Daniel Defoe</a> visited Bradford-on-Avon in the early 18th century<sup id="cite_ref-vch_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vch-6">[6]</a></sup> and commented: "They told me at Bradford that it was no extra-ordinary thing to have clothiers in that country worth, from ten thousand, to forty thousand pounds a man <i>[equivalent to £1.3M to £5.3M in 2007]</i>, and many of the great families, who now pass for gentry in those counties, have been originally raised from, and built up by this truly noble manufacture."<sup id="cite_ref-defoep281_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defoep281-9">[9]</a></sup>
</p><p>With improving mechanisation in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Textile_manufacture_during_the_Industrial_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution">textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution</a>, the wool <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">weaving</a> industry moved from cottages to purpose-built woollen mills adjacent to the river, where they used water and steam to power the looms. Around thirty such mills were built in Bradford-on-Avon alone, and these prospered further until the English woollen industry shifted its centre of power to Yorkshire in the late 19th century. The last local mill closed in 1905. Many have since stood empty and some became derelict.
</p>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Tithe_Barn_at_Bradford_on_Avon.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Tithe_Barn_at_Bradford_on_Avon.JPG/220px-Tithe_Barn_at_Bradford_on_Avon.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="2133" data-file-height="1734" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Tithe_Barn_at_Bradford_on_Avon.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bradford-on-Avon_Tithe_Barn" title="Bradford-on-Avon Tithe Barn">Barton Farm Tithe Barn</a></div></div></div>
<p>A notable feature of Bradford-on-Avon is the large Grade II* listed <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bradford-on-Avon_Tithe_Barn" title="Bradford-on-Avon Tithe Barn">tithe barn</a>, known as the Saxon Tithe Barn, 180 feet long and 30 feet wide, which was constructed in the 14th century and is now part of Barton Farm <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Country_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Country Park">Country Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> The barn would have been used for collecting taxes, in the form of goods, to fund the church.
</p><p>There are several notable buildings in and around the town centre. Many of the old textile factories have been converted into modern flats and apartments; however, few of the buildings are still used today in their original roles. One of the few is <i>The Swan</i>, a public house and hotel set in the centre of town; the building is 17th century and retains many original features, in particular the stone flag floors. Records show that there has been a public house on the same site since the 1500s.
</p><p>In 1998 the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire_Music_Centre" title="Wiltshire Music Centre">Wiltshire Music Centre</a> was opened in Bradford-on-Avon, on the grounds of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/St_Laurence_School" title="St Laurence School">St Laurence School</a>. In 2000, the millennium sculpture nicknamed "Millie" was unveiled.
</p><p>On 8 October 2003, Bradford-on-Avon was granted <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fairtrade_Town" title="Fairtrade Town">Fairtrade Town</a> status.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Religious_sites">Religious sites</span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Early_church">Early church</span></h3>
<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/St_Laurence%27s_Church,_Bradford-on-Avon" title="St Laurence's Church, Bradford-on-Avon">St Laurence's Church, Bradford-on-Avon</a></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:St_Laurence%27s_Church.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/St_Laurence%27s_Church.JPG/220px-St_Laurence%27s_Church.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:St_Laurence%27s_Church.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>St Laurence's church</div></div></div>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Holy_Trinity,_Bradford_on_Avon.JPG" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Holy_Trinity%2C_Bradford_on_Avon.JPG/170px-Holy_Trinity%2C_Bradford_on_Avon.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="222" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="3267" data-file-height="4271" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Holy_Trinity,_Bradford_on_Avon.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Holy Trinity church</div></div></div>
<p>The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anglo-Saxons" title="Anglo-Saxons">Saxon</a> church dedicated to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saint_Lawrence" title="Saint Lawrence">Saint Lawrence</a> may have been founded by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aldhelm,_Bishop_of_Sherborne" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldhelm, Bishop of Sherborne">Saint Aldhelm</a> around 705, and could have been a temporary burial site for King <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edward_the_Martyr" title="Edward the Martyr">Edward the Martyr</a>. It was rediscovered by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/William_Henry_Jones" title="William Henry Jones">William Jones</a> in 1856, having been used for secular purposes (apparently becoming a house, a school and part of a factory).
</p><p>It is suggested that some of the building, containing the blind arcades at a higher level, may belong to a later period<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> while a leaflet available at the church, February 2012, seems to prefer the period 950–1050 for the whole building. The elaborate ornamentation of the exterior consists of pilaster-strips, a broad <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frieze" title="Frieze">frieze</a> of two plain string-courses between which is a blind <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arcade_(architecture)" title="Arcade (architecture)">arcade</a> of round-headed arches whose short vertical pilasters have trapezoidal capitals and bases, while on the eastern <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gable" title="Gable">gable</a> and the corners adjacent there is a series of mouldings as vertical triple semicylinders.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup>
</p><p>Inside the church, high in the wall above a small <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chancel" title="Chancel">chancel</a> arch, are the carved figures of two flying <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Angels" class="mw-redirect" title="Angels">angels</a>, the right-hand figure reportedly "intended to be clothed in transparent drapery ... the legs from the knee downward are depicted as showing through the transparent robe" which is referred to as a "quaint fancy".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Others">Others</span></h3>
<p>In addition to the Saxon church, the town has four <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> churches, one Church of England <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chapel" title="Chapel">chapel</a>, two <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a> chapels, a United Church (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_Reformed_Church" title="United Reformed Church">United Reformed Church</a>), a free nonconformist church, a community church, a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Quaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Quaker">Quaker</a> (Society of Friends) meeting house and a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> church.
</p><p>The original <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Parish_church" title="Parish church">parish church</a> has a dedication to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Holy_Trinity" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Trinity">Holy Trinity</a>, and is located near the town centre by the river. It is Norman in origin, and it is possible that the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chancel" title="Chancel">chancel</a> was built over the remains of an older church. Several chapels were added on the north side, and the wall in between was later opened up and the chapels now form the north aisle. A squint, or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hagioscope" title="Hagioscope">hagioscope</a>, near the altar is claimed to be England's longest. The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tower" title="Tower">tower</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spire" title="Spire">spire</a> was built around 1480, replacing an older one, and the south wall was largely rebuilt in the 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> The church has a ring of eight <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Church_bell" title="Church bell">bells</a>, with the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tenor" title="Tenor">tenor</a> (heaviest bell) weighing 29 long cwt 2 qr 26 lb (3,330 lb or 1,510 kg) and is tuned to D<span class="music-symbol" style="font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;"><span class="music-flat">♭</span></span>.
</p><p>The other <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anglican" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican">Anglican</a> church has dedication of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christ_Church,_Bradford-on-Avon" title="Christ Church, Bradford-on-Avon">Christ Church</a>, and is entirely a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Victorian_architecture" title="Victorian architecture">Victorian</a> construction.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> The <a href="/enwiki/wiki/St_Thomas_More,_Bradford-on-Avon" title="St Thomas More, Bradford-on-Avon">Catholic church</a>, dedicated to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/St._Thomas_More" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Thomas More">St. Thomas More</a>, occupies the building that used to be the town hall.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup>
</p><p>There is also a Buddhist monastery in the town, under the auspices of the Aukana Trust; it comprises a monastic building each for men and for women, and a meditation hall. There are also workshops, gardens and a library, and the elegant buildings look down upon the town from a hill. The monastery practises the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Theravadin" class="mw-redirect" title="Theravadin">Theravadin</a> tradition of Buddhism, and offers opportunities for both full-time residential and part-time practise and study.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Economy">Economy</span></h2>
<div class="center"><div class="thumb tnone"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:502px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Bradford-on-Avon_panorama,_Wiltshire,_UK_-_Diliff.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Bradford-on-Avon_panorama%2C_Wiltshire%2C_UK_-_Diliff.jpg/500px-Bradford-on-Avon_panorama%2C_Wiltshire%2C_UK_-_Diliff.jpg" decoding="async" width="500" height="234" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="5854" data-file-height="2738" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Bradford-on-Avon_panorama,_Wiltshire,_UK_-_Diliff.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>A panoramic view of Bradford from the north-west</div></div></div></div>
<p>Bradford-on-Avon was the site of an early factory for rubber products, established at Kingston Mill by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stephen_Moulton" title="Stephen Moulton">Stephen Moulton</a> in 1848 and later named George Spencer, Moulton and Co. The company was acquired by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Avon_Rubber" title="Avon Rubber">Avon Rubber</a>, a large manufacturer of rubber products for the automotive and other industries, and production continued until 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> Today, the town is the headquarters of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alex_Moulton" title="Alex Moulton">Alex Moulton</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">bicycle</a> company and has several other small-scale manufacturing enterprises.
</p><p>The town's main business is shopping, tourism and day-to-day servicing of a population largely made up of families, commuters and the retired.
</p><p>The town has one mid-sized <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Supermarket" title="Supermarket">supermarket</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sainsbury%27s" title="Sainsbury's">Sainsbury's</a>, on the Elms Cross industrial estate, a short walk from the canal lock, and five <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Convenience_store" title="Convenience store">convenience stores</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> Local consumers founded Bradford-on-Avon Co-operative Society in 1861, which, in the 1960s, united with other <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Consumer_co-operative" class="mw-redirect" title="Consumer co-operative">consumer co-operatives</a> in the district to merge with a national business.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup> A mini outdoor <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shopping_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Shopping centre">shopping centre</a> of independent shops, Weavers Walk, which describes itself as an "ethical trading centre", is in the town centre.
</p><p>The town is an increasingly popular location for films, television adaptations and more; it has played host to <i>Wolf Hall</i>, <i>Creation</i> (The life of Darwin), <i>Robin of Sherwood</i> and a film adaptation of <i>Canterbury Tales</i>. In 2016, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_White_Princess_(miniseries)" title="The White Princess (miniseries)"><i>The White Princess</i></a> TV series filmed in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Transport">Transport</span></h2>
<p><b>Road</b>
</p><p>Bradford-on-Avon lies on the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/A363_road" title="A363 road">A363</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trowbridge" title="Trowbridge">Trowbridge</a> to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a> road, which runs through the town from south to north, and crossed over by the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_roads_zones_in_Great_Britain" title="List of roads zones in Great Britain">B3109</a> linking Bradford-on-Avon with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Melksham" title="Melksham">Melksham</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Frome" title="Frome">Frome</a>. All other road routes are minor, affording access to local settlements. Bradford-on-Avon is about 15 miles from junction 18 of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/M4_motorway" title="M4 motorway">M4 motorway</a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bath,_Somerset" title="Bath, Somerset">Bath</a> and the same distance from junction 17 at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chippenham" title="Chippenham">Chippenham</a>.
</p><p><b>Rail</b>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bradford-on-Avon_railway_station" title="Bradford-on-Avon railway station">Bradford-on-Avon railway station</a> lies on what is now the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Heart_of_Wessex_Line" title="Heart of Wessex Line">Heart of Wessex Line</a>. It is served by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Western_Railway_(train_operating_company)" title="Great Western Railway (train operating company)">Great Western Railway</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Western_Railway_(train_operating_company)" title="South Western Railway (train operating company)">South Western Railway</a> services to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bath_Spa_railway_station" title="Bath Spa railway station">Bath Spa</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bristol_Temple_Meads_railway_station" title="Bristol Temple Meads railway station">Bristol Temple Meads</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cardiff_Central_railway_station" title="Cardiff Central railway station">Cardiff Central</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Weymouth_railway_station" title="Weymouth railway station">Weymouth</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portsmouth_Harbour_railway_station" title="Portsmouth Harbour railway station">Portsmouth Harbour</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/London_Waterloo_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="London Waterloo railway station">London Waterloo</a>. It opened in the mid-19th century and was built by the original <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Western_Railway" title="Great Western Railway">Great Western Railway</a>.
</p><p><b>Waterways</b>
</p><p>Running parallel to the railway through the town is the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kennet_%26_Avon_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kennet & Avon Canal">Kennet & Avon Canal</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bradford_Lock" title="Bradford Lock">Bradford Lock</a>. The use of this canal declined as the railways grew but it was restored to full working order during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. The canal provides a link through to the Avon at Bath in the west, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thames" class="mw-redirect" title="Thames">Thames</a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reading,_Berkshire" title="Reading, Berkshire">Reading</a> in the east.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Governance">Governance</span></h2>
<p>Bradford-on-Avon <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Civil_parishes_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil parishes in England">civil parish</a> elects a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Town_council" title="Town council">town council</a> with twelve members: six for the North <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wards_and_electoral_divisions_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom">ward</a> and six for the South ward. As of June 2020, Bradford on Avon Town Council comprises seven councillors from the Ideal Bradford<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup> party platform, two independent councillors and three <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrat</a> councillors.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup>
</p><p>The town council provides an increasing range of services in the town, building on its historically mostly consultative and ceremonial role. These include provision of youth services, management of significant and growing areas of green space and town facilities, and management of several premises within the town. Its chairman has the title of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">Mayor</a> of Bradford. The Town Council declared a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Climate_emergency_declaration" title="Climate emergency declaration">Climate Emergency</a> in March 2019 and has committed to becoming Carbon Neutral by 2030.
</p><p>Statutory local government functions (including schools, roads, social services, emergency planning, leisure services, development control, and waste disposal) are carried out by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire_Council" title="Wiltshire Council">Wiltshire Council</a>, a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Unitary_authority" title="Unitary authority">unitary authority</a>.
</p><p>Since 2010, Bradford-on-Avon has been part of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chippenham_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Chippenham (UK Parliament constituency)">Chippenham parliamentary constituency</a>.
</p><p><b>See also</b>:
</p>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire_Council_elections" title="Wiltshire Council elections">Wiltshire Council elections</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/1999_West_Wiltshire_Council_election" class="mw-redirect" title="1999 West Wiltshire Council election">1999 West Wiltshire Council election</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2003_West_Wiltshire_Council_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2003 West Wiltshire Council election">2003 West Wiltshire Council election</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/2007_West_Wiltshire_Council_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2007 West Wiltshire Council election">2007 West Wiltshire Council election</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Education">Education</span></h2>
<p>The town has a secondary school, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/St_Laurence_School" title="St Laurence School">St Laurence School</a>, founded in 1980 as a result of the merger of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fitzmaurice_Grammar_School" title="Fitzmaurice Grammar School">Fitzmaurice Grammar School</a> and Trinity <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Secondary_Modern_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Secondary Modern school">Secondary Modern school</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup> There are two primary schools: in the north of the town is Christ Church <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">CofE</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Voluntary_controlled_school" title="Voluntary controlled school">VC</a>) Primary School, established as a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_school_(England_and_Wales)" title="National school (England and Wales)">National school</a> in 1848 and on its present site since 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup> In the south, Fitzmaurice Primary School, opened in 1928 as Bradford on Avon Council Junior Mixed and Infants' School.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Sport_and_leisure">Sport and leisure</span></h2>
<p>Bradford-on-Avon has a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Non-League_football" title="Non-League football">Non-League football</a> club, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bradford_Town_F.C." title="Bradford Town F.C.">Bradford Town F.C.</a>, who play at the Sports and Social Club on Trowbridge Road. In addition to a bowls club, tennis courts and a swimming pool, there is also the Bradford-on-Avon Rowing Club, catering for rowing and canoeing from their base opposite Barton Farm country park.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup> Bradford on Avon <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby</a> club, whose first team played in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dorset_%26_Wilts_1_North" title="Dorset & Wilts 1 North">Dorset & Wilts 1 North</a> in <small>2019–20, have their ground at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Winsley" title="Winsley">Winsley</a>, just west of the town.</small><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire_Music_Centre" title="Wiltshire Music Centre">Wiltshire Music Centre</a> is a purpose-built, 300-seat concert hall within the grounds of St Laurence School that attracts internationally renowned musicians.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notable_people">Notable people</span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Methuen_(diplomat)" title="John Methuen (diplomat)">John Methuen</a> and his son Sir <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paul_Methuen_(diplomat)" title="Paul Methuen (diplomat)">Paul Methuen</a>, successively Ambassadors to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peter_Hammill" title="Peter Hammill">Peter Hammill</a>, singer-songwriter</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Henry_Shrapnel" title="Henry Shrapnel">Henry Shrapnel</a>, inventor of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shrapnel_shell" title="Shrapnel shell">shrapnel shell</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shadrack_Byfield" title="Shadrack Byfield">Shadrack Byfield</a>, War of 1812 infantryman and memoirist</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Miles_Kington" title="Miles Kington">Miles Kington</a>, journalist</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alex_Moulton" title="Alex Moulton">Alex Moulton</a>, engineer and inventor</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Simon_R._Green" title="Simon R. Green">Simon R. Green</a>, science-fiction/fantasy author</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">Rugby union</a> players <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Will_Carling" title="Will Carling">Will Carling</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phil_de_Glanville" title="Phil de Glanville">Phil de Glanville</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jon_Sleightholme" title="Jon Sleightholme">Jon Sleightholme</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lewis_Moody" title="Lewis Moody">Lewis Moody</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hugh_Scully" title="Hugh Scully">Hugh Scully</a>, television presenter</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jonathan_Newth" title="Jonathan Newth">Jonathan Newth</a>, actor</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rob_Newman_(footballer)" title="Rob Newman (footballer)">Rob Newman</a>, ex-footballer and current football manager</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paul_Emsley" title="Paul Emsley">Paul Emsley</a>, artist</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Andy_Pearce" title="Andy Pearce">Andy Pearce</a>, ex-footballer</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stephen_Volk" title="Stephen Volk">Stephen Volk</a>, TV scriptwriter, TV series <i>Afterlife</i>, <i>Dark Corners</i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Simon_Tisdall" title="Simon Tisdall">Simon Tisdall</a>, journalist</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Samuel_Meredith_(police_officer)" title="Samuel Meredith (police officer)">Samuel Meredith</a>, first British <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chief_Constable" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Constable">Chief Constable</a> in 1839</li>
<li>Pop groups <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jesus_Jones" title="Jesus Jones">Jesus Jones</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Blackbud" title="Blackbud">Blackbud</a> were both formed in the town</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fitzroy_Simpson" title="Fitzroy Simpson">Fitzroy Simpson</a>, former professional footballer</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ed_McKeever" title="Ed McKeever">Ed McKeever</a>, Olympic canoeing champion</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emily_Hilda_Young" class="mw-redirect" title="Emily Hilda Young">Emily Hilda Young</a>, novelist</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Donald_Maitland" title="Donald Maitland">Donald Maitland</a>, senior diplomat</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edgar_Ford" title="Edgar Ford">Edgar Ford</a>, cricketer</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paddy_Edwards" title="Paddy Edwards">Paddy Edwards</a>, cricketer</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hannah_Brown_(canoeist)" title="Hannah Brown (canoeist)">Hannah Brown</a>, canoeist</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Freyja_Pitman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freyja Pitman (page does not exist)">Freyja Pitman</a>, amazing person</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-census-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r999302996">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180122001019/https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?item=Bradford%20on%20Avon">"Wiltshire Community History - Census"</a>. Wiltshire Council. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getcensus.php?item=Bradford%20on%20Avon">the original</a> on 22 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wiltshire+Community+History+-+Census&rft.pub=Wiltshire+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistory.wiltshire.gov.uk%2Fcommunity%2Fgetcensus.php%3Fitem%3DBradford%2520on%2520Avon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-waterways-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-waterways_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.waterwaysholidays.com/routes/bradford-on-avon.htm">"Bradford-on-Avon"</a>. <i>www.waterwaysholidays.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.waterwaysholidays.com&rft.atitle=Bradford-on-Avon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.waterwaysholidays.com%2Froutes%2Fbradford-on-avon.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-visit-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-visit_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bradfordonavon.uk.com/about-bradford-on-avon/">"About the Area"</a>. <i>bradfordonavon.uk.com</i>. Visit Bradford on Avon<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2020</span>. <q>Bradford on Avon often referred to as Bradford Upon Avon</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bradfordonavon.uk.com&rft.atitle=About+the+Area&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbradfordonavon.uk.com%2Fabout-bradford-on-avon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180902070500/http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/adopted-local-plan-jan16-low-res.pdf">"Wiltshire Core Strategy - Adopted January 2015"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Wiltshire Council</i>. pp. 15, 84. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiltshire.gov.uk/adopted-local-plan-jan16-low-res.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wiltshire+Council&rft.atitle=Wiltshire+Core+Strategy+-+Adopted+January+2015&rft.pages=15%2C+84&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiltshire.gov.uk%2Fadopted-local-plan-jan16-low-res.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bathnes.gov.uk/sites/default/files/sitedocuments/Planning-and-Building-Control/Planning-Policy/Evidence-Base/Environment/gbr_stage1_report.pdf">"Bath & North East Somerset Green Belt Review - Stage 1 Report April 2013 - Green Belt history and policy origins"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.bathnes.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bathnes.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Bath+%26+North+East+Somerset+Green+Belt+Review+-+Stage+1+Report+April+2013+-+Green+Belt+history+and+policy+origins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bathnes.gov.uk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fsitedocuments%2FPlanning-and-Building-Control%2FPlanning-Policy%2FEvidence-Base%2FEnvironment%2Fgbr_stage1_report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-vch-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vch_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vch_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol7/pp4-51">"Victoria County History - Wiltshire - Vol 7 pp4-51 - Parishes: Bradford-on-Avon"</a>. <i>British History Online</i>. University of London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+History+Online&rft.atitle=Victoria+County+History+-+Wiltshire+-+Vol+7+pp4-51+-+Parishes%3A+Bradford-on-Avon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Fvch%2Fwilts%2Fvol7%2Fpp4-51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1036011" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1036011">"The Town Bridge and Chapel (1036011)"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=The+Town+Bridge+and+Chapel+%281036011%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1036011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFBarratt2005" class="citation book cs1">Barratt, John (2005). <i>The civil war in the south west</i>. Bernsley: Pen & Sword Military. p. 48. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84415-146-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-84415-146-8"><bdi>1-84415-146-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+civil+war+in+the+south+west&rft.place=Bernsley&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Pen+%26+Sword+Military&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-84415-146-8&rft.aulast=Barratt&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-defoep281-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-defoep281_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFDefoe" class="citation book cs1">Defoe, Daniel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/tourthroughtthew006736mbp/tourthroughtthew006736mbp_djvu.txt"><i>A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain: Vol 1</i></a>. p. 281.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Tour+Through+the+Whole+Island+of+Great+Britain%3A+Vol+1&rft.pages=281&rft.aulast=Defoe&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Ftourthroughtthew006736mbp%2Ftourthroughtthew006736mbp_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1364527" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1364527">"Tithe Barn (1364527)"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=Tithe+Barn+%281364527%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1364527&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">H.M.Taylor & Joan Taylor, <i>Anglo-Saxon Architecture</i>, Cambridge University Press, 1980</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor & Taylor, op. cit.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gordon Home & Edward Foord, "Bristol, Bath and Malkmesbury, with a Short Account of Bradford on Avon" in the series <i>Cathedrals, abbeys and Famous Churches</i>, J.M.Dent, London, 1925</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1364540" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1364540">"Holy Trinity Church (1364540)"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=Holy+Trinity+Church+%281364540%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1364540&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1036077" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1036077">"Christ Church (1036077)"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=Christ+Church+%281036077%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1036077&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_England1364518" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historic_England" title="Historic England">Historic England</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://HistoricEngland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1364518">"Roman Catholic Church of St Thomas More (1364518)"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Heritage+List+for+England&rft.atitle=Roman+Catholic+Church+of+St+Thomas+More+%281364518%29&rft.au=Historic+England&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2FHistoricEngland.org.uk%2Flisting%2Fthe-list%2Flist-entry%2F1364518&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gracesguide.co.uk/George_Spencer,_Moulton_and_Co">"George Spencer, Moulton and Co"</a>. <i>Grace's Guide</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Grace%27s+Guide&rft.atitle=George+Spencer%2C+Moulton+and+Co&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgracesguide.co.uk%2FGeorge_Spencer%2C_Moulton_and_Co&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yell.com/ucs/UcsSearchAction.do?keywords=convenience+store&companyName=&location=BRADFORD-ON-AVON&search.x=0&search.y=0&search=SEARCH&scrambleSeed=90543387&searchType=advance&M=0&lastKeyword=supermarket&lastClarifyIndex=&lastClarifyOptions=&lastSearchall=&lastSearchallTax=&lastbandedclarifyResults=&bandedclarifyResults=&ssm=0">"Grocers and convenience stores"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yell.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Yell.com">Yell.com</a> Yellow Pages directory<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grocers+and+convenience+stores&rft.pub=Yell.com+Yellow+Pages+directory&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yell.com%2Fucs%2FUcsSearchAction.do%3Fkeywords%3Dconvenience%2Bstore%26companyName%3D%26location%3DBRADFORD-ON-AVON%26search.x%3D0%26search.y%3D0%26search%3DSEARCH%26scrambleSeed%3D90543387%26searchType%3Dadvance%26M%3D0%26lastKeyword%3Dsupermarket%26lastClarifyIndex%3D%26lastClarifyOptions%3D%26lastSearchall%3D%26lastSearchallTax%3D%26lastbandedclarifyResults%3D%26bandedclarifyResults%3D%26ssm%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.co-operative.com:8080/Ext_1/ShHistory.ns4/$WebSharebook/Bradford-on-Avon?OpenDocument">"Coop Online Share Book search: Bradford-on-Avon"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Coop+Online+Share+Book+search%3A+Bradford-on-Avon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.co-operative.com%3A8080%2FExt_1%2FShHistory.ns4%2F%24WebSharebook%2FBradford-on-Avon%3FOpenDocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link since July 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080802130148/http://www.avoncda.coop/localcoops4.htm">"Listing of co-operatives in the ACDA area"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Avon_Co-operative_Development_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Avon Co-operative Development Agency (page does not exist)">Avon Co-operative Development Agency</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.avoncda.coop/localcoops4.htm">the original</a> on 2 August 2008. <q>Its five shops in Bristol, Stroud, Glastonbury, Totnes and Bradford-on-Avon sell clothes for adults and children</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Listing+of+co-operatives+in+the+ACDA+area&rft.pub=Avon+Co-operative+Development+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.avoncda.coop%2Flocalcoops4.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiltshiretimes.co.uk/news/14721531.Bradford_on_Avon_is_centre_stage_for_filming_of_White_Princess/">"Bradford on Avon is centre stage for filming of White Princess"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Times</i>. Newsquest. 3 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2016</span>. <q>in the Tithe Barn, near Frome Road, and St Laurence's Church, in Church Street.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wiltshire+Times&rft.atitle=Bradford+on+Avon+is+centre+stage+for+filming+of+White+Princess&rft.date=2016-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiltshiretimes.co.uk%2Fnews%2F14721531.Bradford_on_Avon_is_centre_stage_for_filming_of_White_Princess%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idealbradford.org/">"Ideal Bradford"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ideal+Bradford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.idealbradford.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121071345/http://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk/towncouncillors.php">"Meet your Town Councillors"</a>. <i>Bradford on Avon Town Council</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk/towncouncillors.php">the original</a> on 21 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bradford+on+Avon+Town+Council&rft.atitle=Meet+your+Town+Councillors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk%2Ftowncouncillors.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getschool.php?id=311">"St. Laurence School, Bradford on Avon"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Community History</i>. Wiltshire Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wiltshire+Community+History&rft.atitle=St.+Laurence+School%2C+Bradford+on+Avon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.wiltshire.gov.uk%2Fcommunity%2Fgetschool.php%3Fid%3D311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getschool.php?id=309">"Christ Church Church of England Controlled Primary School, Bradford on Avon"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Community History</i>. Wiltshire Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wiltshire+Community+History&rft.atitle=Christ+Church+Church+of+England+Controlled+Primary+School%2C+Bradford+on+Avon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.wiltshire.gov.uk%2Fcommunity%2Fgetschool.php%3Fid%3D309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.wiltshire.gov.uk/community/getschool.php?id=310">"Fitzmaurice Primary School, Bradford on Avon"</a>. <i>Wiltshire Community History</i>. Wiltshire Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wiltshire+Community+History&rft.atitle=Fitzmaurice+Primary+School%2C+Bradford+on+Avon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.wiltshire.gov.uk%2Fcommunity%2Fgetschool.php%3Fid%3D310&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boarc.org.uk/">"Bradford on Avon Rowing Club (BOARC)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bradford+on+Avon+Rowing+Club+%28BOARC%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boarc.org.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bradfordonavonrfc.rfu.club/about">"Bradford on Avon RFC"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bradford+on+Avon+RFC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbradfordonavonrfc.rfu.club%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABradford-on-Avon" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2>
<table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000">
<tbody><tr>
<td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></td>
<td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bradford_on_Avon#Q896940" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Bradford on Avon">Bradford on Avon</a></b></i>.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000">
<tbody><tr>
<td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></td>
<td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bradford-on-Avon" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bradford-on-Avon"><span style="">Bradford-on-Avon</span></a></b></i>.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000">
<tbody><tr>
<td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></td>
<td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article <i><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Bradford-on-Avon" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Bradford-on-Avon">Bradford-on-Avon </a></b></i>.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bradfordonavontowncouncil.gov.uk">Bradford on Avon Town Council</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bradfordonavon.co.uk">Explore BOA, Official Visitor Information Centre</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org//Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom/England/Wiltshire/Bradford-on-Avon/">Bradford-on-Avon</a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Curlie" class="mw-redirect" title="Curlie">Curlie</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire/content/image_galleries/historic_bradford_on_avon_photos_gallery1.shtml">Historic Bradford-on-Avon photos</a> at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire">BBC Wiltshire</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/local/wiltshire/hi/people_and_places/history/newsid_8545000/8545732.stm"><i>Six English Towns: Bradford-on-Avon</i></a> - A 35-minute BBC TV programme made in 1981 examining Bradford-on-Avon's Georgian buildings and architecture</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/wiltshire/content/articles/2008/08/19/day_out_bradford_on_avon_1878_film_feature.shtml"><i>Day Out: Bradford-on-Avon</i></a> - A 30-minute BBC TV programme made in 1978 of a day spent exploring Bradford-on-Avon</li></ul>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Wiltshire&#124;link=Wiltshire_Ceremonial_county_of_Wiltshire" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist vcard mw-collapsible auto # Numbered list item collapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r992953826">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Wiltshire" title="Template:Wiltshire"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Wiltshire" title="Template talk:Wiltshire"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Wiltshire&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Wiltshire&#124;link=Wiltshire_Ceremonial_county_of_Wiltshire" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire"><img alt="Wiltshire" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/County_Flag_of_Wiltshire.svg/23px-County_Flag_of_Wiltshire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/County_Flag_of_Wiltshire.svg/35px-County_Flag_of_Wiltshire.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/County_Flag_of_Wiltshire.svg/46px-County_Flag_of_Wiltshire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="210" /></a></span> <span class="category"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></span> of <span class="fn org region"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire" title="Wiltshire">Wiltshire</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="England_Portal"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:England" title="Portal:England">England Portal</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unitary authorities</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Borough_of_Swindon" title="Borough of Swindon">Swindon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire_Council" title="Wiltshire Council">Wiltshire Council</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major settlements</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amesbury" title="Amesbury">Amesbury</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bradford-on-Avon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Calne" title="Calne">Calne</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chippenham" title="Chippenham">Chippenham</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Corsham" title="Corsham">Corsham</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cricklade" title="Cricklade">Cricklade</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Devizes" title="Devizes">Devizes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Highworth" title="Highworth">Highworth</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Larkhill" title="Larkhill">Larkhill</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ludgershall,_Wiltshire" title="Ludgershall, Wiltshire">Ludgershall</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Malmesbury" title="Malmesbury">Malmesbury</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marlborough,_Wiltshire" title="Marlborough, Wiltshire">Marlborough</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Melksham" title="Melksham">Melksham</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mere,_Wiltshire" title="Mere, Wiltshire">Mere</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Royal_Wootton_Bassett" title="Royal Wootton Bassett">Royal Wootton Bassett</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salisbury" title="Salisbury">Salisbury</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Swindon" title="Swindon">Swindon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tidworth" title="Tidworth">Tidworth</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trowbridge" title="Trowbridge">Trowbridge</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Warminster" title="Warminster">Warminster</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Westbury,_Wiltshire" title="Westbury, Wiltshire">Westbury</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wilton,_Wiltshire" title="Wilton, Wiltshire">Wilton</a><br /><i>See also:</i> <b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_Wiltshire" title="List of civil parishes in Wiltshire">List of civil parishes in Wiltshire</a></b></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Biss" title="River Biss">Biss</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Blackwater_(River_Test)" title="River Blackwater (River Test)">Blackwater</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Bourne,_Wiltshire" title="River Bourne, Wiltshire">Bourne</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Avon,_Bristol" title="River Avon, Bristol">Bristol Avon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Chalke" title="River Chalke">Chalke</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Cole,_Wiltshire" title="River Cole, Wiltshire">Cole</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Damson_Brook" title="Damson Brook">Damson</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Ebble" title="River Ebble">Ebble</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fonthill_Lake" title="Fonthill Lake">Fonthill Brook</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Avon_(Hampshire)" class="mw-redirect" title="River Avon (Hampshire)">Hampshire Avon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Kennet" title="River Kennet">Kennet</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Key" title="River Key">Key</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Nadder" title="River Nadder">Nadder</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nine_Mile_River,_Wiltshire" title="Nine Mile River, Wiltshire">Nine Mile</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Og" title="River Og">Og</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Sem" title="River Sem">Sem</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">Thames</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Till,_Wiltshire" title="River Till, Wiltshire">Till</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/River_Wylye" title="River Wylye">Wylye</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Economy_of_Wiltshire" title="Economy of Wiltshire">Economy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Flag_of_Wiltshire" title="Flag of Wiltshire">Flag</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Wiltshire" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Wiltshire">Parliamentary constituencies</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire_local_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiltshire local elections">Local elections</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_places_in_Wiltshire" title="List of places in Wiltshire">Places</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_Wiltshire_by_population" title="List of settlements in Wiltshire by population">Population of major settlements</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_Wiltshire" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Wiltshire">SSSIs</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Country_houses_in_Wiltshire" title="Category:Country houses in Wiltshire">Country houses</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_Wiltshire" class="mw-redirect" title="Grade I listed buildings in Wiltshire">Grade I listed buildings</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_Wiltshire" title="Grade II* listed buildings in Wiltshire">Grade II* listed buildings</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wiltshire_Victoria_County_History" title="Wiltshire Victoria County History">History</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Wiltshire" title="List of schools in Wiltshire">Schools</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Wiltshire" title="Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire">Lords Lieutenant</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Deputy_Lieutenants_of_Wiltshire" title="List of Deputy Lieutenants of Wiltshire">Deputy Lieutenants</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Wiltshire" title="High Sheriff of Wiltshire">High Sheriffs</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Wiltshire" title="List of museums in Wiltshire">Museums</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q896940#identifiers&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Authority_control_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q896940#identifiers&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q896940#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/GND_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="GND (identifier)">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/7529931-8">7529931-8</a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/nr92040593">nr92040593</a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MBAREA_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="MBAREA (identifier)">MBAREA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/fdce545c-2a96-42d7-a51a-f81e15924102">fdce545c-2a96-42d7-a51a-f81e15924102</a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/VIAF_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifier)">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/158718212">158718212</a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/WorldCat_Identities_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="WorldCat Identities (identifier)">WorldCat Identities</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-nr92040593">lccn-nr92040593</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | 1618003311 |