Examine individual changes

'{{Use Australian English|date=June 2020}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}} {{Infobox person | name = Stephen Hagan | image_size = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1959}} | birth_place = [[Cunnamulla]], [[Queensland]], Australia | death_date = | residence = | nationality = Australian | citizenship = Australian | other_names = | known_for = Writing, Aboriginal rights activism | education = [[Marist College Ashgrove]] | alma_mater = [[University of Southern Queensland]] | employer = | occupation = | years_active = | home_town = | title = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | opponents = | boards = | spouse = Rhonda Hagan | children = 2 | parents = | signature = | website = }} '''Stephen Hagan''' (born 1959) is an Australian author and [[anti-racism]] campaigner.<ref>{{cite web | date = 10 February 2009 | title = Indigenous activist Stephen Hagan | work = The Law Report | publisher = [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | url = http://www.abc.net.au/rn/lawreport/stories/2009/2486865.htm | accessdate = 25 November 2009 }}</ref> He is also a newspaper editor, documentary maker, university lecturer and former diplomat.<ref name="YourVoice2008-08-15">{{cite web | date = 15 August 2008 | title = Stephen Hagan | work = ABC Online Indigenous: Your Voice | publisher = [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | url = http://www.abc.net.au/indigenous/stories/s2342728.htm | access-date = 25 November 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090101154621/http://www.abc.net.au/indigenous/stories/s2342728.htm | archive-date = 1 January 2009 | url-status = dead | df = dmy-all }}</ref> ==Early life and education== Hagan was born in 1959 in [[Cunnamulla]] in [[South West Queensland]], Australia. His father, Jim Hagan, belonged to the [[Kullili language|Kullili]] people of the region, while his mother was from the nearby [[Kooma]]. Hagan spent his first seven years living on a camp on the outskirts of the town, before moving into a new house nearby; an experience that helped shape his perceptions of the [[Socioeconomics|socio-economic]] inequalities between the aboriginal population and white Australians.<ref name="AboutStephenHagan">{{cite web|title=Stephen Hagan|website=stephenhagan.net|url=http://www.stephenhagan.net/about.php|access-date=25 November 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090828021432/http://stephenhagan.net/about.php|archive-date=28 August 2009}}</ref> Success in high school led to an opportunity to attend [[boarding school]] at [[Marist College Ashgrove]] in [[Brisbane]]. From there he undertook training to become a teacher, but he reports that he became disillusioned with the system after being required to teach with "racist" texts.<ref name="AboutStephenHagan" /> ==Career== After he left teaching to work with a number of [[Indigenous Australians|Indigenous]] organisations, and through them he met and worked under [[Aboriginal Australians|Aboriginal]] activist [[Charles Perkins (Aboriginal activist)|Charles Perkins]]. From there he moved into the [[Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Australia)|Department of Foreign Affairs]], gaining a diplomatic post to [[Colombo]] in Sri Lanka.<ref name="AboutStephenHagan" /> Upon returning to Australia he worked in both the public and private sectors, the latter including venturing into [[cultural tourism]]. More recently he lectured at the [[University of Southern Queensland]] (USC) in [[Toowoomba]] while undertaking a doctorate.<ref name="AboutStephenHagan" /> In July 2010, Hagan became editor of the ''[[National Indigenous Times]]''.<ref>[http://www.usq.edu.au/newsevents/news/nithagan "USQ academic heads ''National Indigenous Times''"] by Jo-Ann Sparrow, [[University of Southern Queensland]] (14 July 2010) {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110914062358/http://www.usq.edu.au/newsevents/news/nithagan |date=14 September 2011 }}</ref> After promising to fix problems with plagiarism at the paper, Hagan left in December 2013. His suit for unfair dismissal was part of the reason the paper went into administration in 2015.<ref name="Burrell">{{Cite news|work=[[The Australian]]|title=Push for ''National Indigenous Times''|author=Andrew Burrell|url= http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/indigenous/push-for-national-indigenous-times/news-story/a8ef7c50af19b5fb1411b658807c75b1|date=13 February 2015|quote=The NIT's parent company, Destiny Publications was placed into voluntary administration last month over mounting legal bills sparked by an unfair dismissal case brought by former editor Stephen Hagan and a defamation case launched by former Fortescue Metals Group executive Michael Gallagher.}}{{Paywall}}</ref> Hagan was awarded a [[doctorate]] by USC in 2016 for a [[thesis]] on [[systemic racism|judicial bias]] against Indigenous Australians.<ref>[https://www.thechronicle.com.au/news/doctorate-explores-sentencing-bias-by-judges/3083303/ "Doctorate shows race-based sentencing bias by judges"] by Elouise Quinlivan, ''[[The Toowoomba Chronicle]]'', 30 August 2016</ref> The thesis was the base for his 2017 book, ''The Rise and Rise of Judicial Bigotry''.<ref>[https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/226742584 ''The Rise and Rise of Judicial Bigotry''] (1970), {{ISBN|9780994382733}}, at [[Trove]].</ref> More recently, Hagan's career has focused on finding things to be offended by then campaigning against them to aggrandise himself in the media. Recent examples include campaigns to rename Coon cheese (who's name was taken from famed cheese maker Edward Coon). His current target is the Collingwood football club. ==Campaigns and incidents== ===E. S. "Nigger" Brown Stand=== In 1999, Hagan visited the [[Clive Berghofer Stadium]] in [[Toowoomba]], Queensland, and noticed a large sign declaring the name of the E. S. "[[Nigger]]" Brown Stand, which had been named after the 1920s [[rugby league]] player [[Edwin Brown|Edwin Stanley Brown]] – also known as "Nigger" Brown, possibly in response to his pale skin and blond hair.<ref name="OShea2009-01-14" /> This prompted a long campaign to have the stand renamed to remove the offending nickname. Hagan unsuccessfully pursued the case before the [[High Court of Australia|High Court]] and the [[Federal Court of Australia]], both of which rejected his claim.<ref>{{cite news | last = Morley | first = Peter | date = 1 December 2002 | title = 'Nigger' row over, UN told | work = [[The Sunday Mail (Brisbane)|The Sunday Mail]] | location = Brisbane, Australia | page = 36}}</ref> In 2003 ''Hagan v Australia'' was heard before the United Nations' [[Committee on the Elimination of all forms of Racial Discrimination]] (CERD). Hagan, the complainant, claimed the naming of the stand was discriminatory against him.<ref>{{cite news | last = Miles | first = Janelle | date = 24 April 2003 | title = UN rules on 'Nigger' name | work = [[The Advertiser (Adelaide)|The Advertiser]] | location = [[Adelaide]], South Australia | page = 28 }}</ref> The committee recommended that Australia "take the necessary measures to secure the removal of the offending term from the sign".<ref>United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination, ''Stephen Hagan v Australia'', Communication No. 26/2002, UN Doc CERD/C/62/D/26/2002 (20 March 2003)</ref> In 2008, the stand was demolished and the issue was resolved, and Toowoomba Sports Ground Inc agreed not to use the term in the future:<ref name="chilcott" /> indeed they had given a similar undertaking in 1999. As the dispute went through the courts Hagan was brought close to bankruptcy and received threats, according to his wife,<ref name=Hagan>{{cite web|last=Hagan |first=Rhonda |title=Nigger Lovers |publisher=Creative Spirits |url=http://www.creativespirits.info/resources/movies/nigger-lovers.html |access-date=25 November 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091125054815/http://www.creativespirits.info/resources/movies/nigger-lovers.html |archive-date=25 November 2009 }}</ref> including letters claiming to be from the [[Ku Klux Klan]].<ref name="MessageStick2006-01-29" /> As a result of these threats and for the sake of his family, Hagan says, he decided to move house.<ref>{{cite news | last = Campbell| first = Jim | date = 26 September 2008 | title = Stephen Hagan seeks $10,000 for hurt, suffering | work = [[The Toowoomba Chronicle]]|url = http://www.thechronicle.com.au/story/2008/09/26/stephen-hagan-seeks-10000-hurt-suffering/ | accessdate = 25 November 2009 }}</ref> ===Coon cheese=== In 2001, Hagan filed a complaint with the [[Ad Standards|Advertising Standards Bureau]] after an advertisement for [[Coon cheese]] was broadcast during the Academy Awards.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.news24.com/News24/Oz-row-over-Coon-cheese-ad-20010327|title=Oz row over 'Coon' cheese ad|publisher=[[News24 (website)|News24]]|location=South Africa|date=27 March 2001|access-date=6 June 2020}}</ref> In 2008 he stated his belief that the cheese was named after a racial epithet and called on its manufacturer to prove its claim that it was named after American cheesemaker [[Edward Coon]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/national/coon-cheese-next-on-antiracism-hitlist-20080926-4ojr.html|title=Coon cheese next on anti-racism hit-list|newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|date=26 September 2008|access-date=6 June 2020|first=David|last=Barbeler}}</ref> This followed an earlier unsuccessful complaint to [[Australian Human Rights Commission]] in 1999.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2020-07-24|title=Australia's Coon cheese to change name in effort to help 'eliminate racism'&thinsp;|url=http://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/jul/24/australias-coon-cheese-to-change-name-in-effort-to-help-eliminate-racism|access-date=2020-07-25|work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> When announced in 2020 by the brand owners, [[Saputo Inc.]], that the name would be changed in the wake of [[George Floyd protests in Australia|Australian participation in the 2020 Black Lives Matter protests]], Hagan declared that it was "a total vindication of 20 years of campaigning."<ref name=":0" /> In December 2020, Hagan and Destiny Rogers from [[QNews]] published the [[e-book]] ''Coon: More Holes than Swiss Cheese''.<ref>[https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/coon-cheese-rebrand-campaigner-says-he-has-copped-abuse-from-australian-rednecks/news-story/218bba51d20775f06238ba706ef034dc "Cheese rebrand campaigner says he has copped abuse from Australian 'rednecks'&thinsp;"] by Benedict Brook, [[news.com.au]], 14 January 2021</ref> ===Toowoomba golliwogs=== On 1 December 2016 Hagan caused controversy when he labelled [[Toowoomba]] the "most racist city in Australia"<ref name=TC>{{cite web|url=https://www.thechronicle.com.au/news/white-christmas-golliwog-display-labelled-racist/3117644/|title=White Christmas 'golliwog' display labelled racist|accessdate=9 December 2016|date=1 December 2016|work=[[The Toowoomba Chronicle]]}}</ref> after a display of nine [[golliwog]] dolls were placed by a [[Terry White Chemists]] shop underneath a sign<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.nzherald.co.nz/spotlight/news/article.cfm?c_id=1504095&objectid=11759260 |title= Toowoomba accused by activists of being Australia's most racist city after chemist shop display |accessdate=9 December 2016 |date=2 December 2016 |work=[[The New Zealand Herald]]}}</ref> inviting shoppers to "Experience a White Christmas". The controversy began when Toowoomba man, author [[George Helon]]<ref name=TC /> spotted the dolls placed beneath the sign<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.9news.com.au/national/2016/12/01/10/46/queensland-chemist-under-fire-for-racist-golliwog-display |title= Queensland chemist under fire for 'racist' golliwog display |accessdate=9 December 2016 |date=1 December 2016 |publisher=[[Nine News]]}}</ref> and circulated a picture of it on Facebook<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sbs.com.au/topics/life/culture/article/2016/12/01/offensive-white-christmas-display-sparks-calls-golliwog-boycott-australia |title= Offensive 'white Christmas' display sparks calls for Golliwog boycott in Australia |accessdate=9 December 2016 |date=1 December 2016 |publisher=[[SBS Australia]]}}</ref> and Twitter.<ref name=CM>{{cite web |url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/toowoomba-accused-by-activists-of-being-australias-most-racist-city-after-chemist-shop-display/news-story/e8e599ca4ceb3dee1cf3bd0fd998db6d |title= Toowoomba accused by activists of being Australia's most racist city after chemist shop display Offensive 'white Christmas' display sparks calls for Golliwog boycott in Australia |accessdate=9 December 2016 |date=2 December 2016 |work=[[The Courier-Mail]]}}</ref> The store's manager apologised and said they would not stock the dolls in the future.<ref name=CM /> ===Coles Express=== In June 2020, it was reported that Hagan would sue [[Coles Express]] for racial discrimination following an incident at a service station in [[Townsville]] where he was asked to pre-pay for fuel. He stated that two white drivers at the same time had not been required to do so.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theaustralian.com.au/nation/indigenous/activist-claims-racism-in-prepay-row-at-the-servo/news-story/7cd4419e3421be1e98b5bf7bc20f233f|title=Activist claims racism in pre-pay row at the servo|newspaper=The Weekend Australian|date=6 June 2020|access-date=6 June 2020|first=Michael|last=McKenna}}</ref> ==Personal life== Hagan is married to Rhonda Hagan from the [[Mamu people|Mamu]] tribe; they have two children.<ref name="AboutStephenHagan" /> ==Awards and nominations== * 2005: [[Deadly Awards 2005|Deadly Awards]] – Outstanding Achievement in Literature: Stephen Hagan: ''[[The N Word: One Man's Stand]]'' * 2006: [[NAIDOC]] Person of the Year<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.austlit.edu.au/austlit/page/A89019|title=Stephen Hagan|last=|first=|date=15 Sep 2015|website=AustLit|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=25 May 2019}}</ref> * 2007: [[ATOM Award]]<ref name=Hagan /> and nominated at the [[Inside Film Awards]] for Best Short Documentary: ''Nigger Lovers'', directed by Rhonda Hagan, produced by Daryl Sparkes and Stephen Hagan<ref name="YourVoice2008-08-15" /> ==Publications== * {{cite book|last=Hagan|first=Stephen|year=2005|title=The N Word: One Man's Stand|publisher=[[Magabala Books]]|isbn=978-1-875641-98-7|oclc=60651773|ref=none}} * {{cite book|last=Hagan|first=Stephen|year=2006|title=Australia's Blackest Sporting Moments: The Top 100|publisher=Ngalga Warralu Publishing|isbn=9781921212000|author-mask=1|ref=none}} * {{cite book|last=Hagan|first=Stephen|year=2017|title=The Rise and Rise of Judicial Bigotry|publisher=Christine Fejo-King Consulting|isbn=9780994382733|oclc=1002924989|author-mask=1|ref=none}} * {{cite book|last1=Hagan|first1=Stephen|last2=Rogers|first2=Destiny|year=2020|title=Coon: More Holes than Swiss Cheese|type=e-book|publisher=Self via [[Smashwords]]|isbn=9781005711894|url=https://www.smashwords.com/books/view/1060498|author-mask=with|ref=none}} ==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="MessageStick2006-01-29">{{cite web | date = 29 January 2006 | title = Summer Series 9: "Stephen Hagan" | work = [[Message Stick]] | publisher = [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] | url = http://www.abc.net.au/tv/messagestick/stories/s1548337.htm | accessdate = 25 November 2009 }}</ref> <ref name="chilcott">{{cite news | last = Chilcott | first = Tanya | date = 28 September 2008 | title = Toowoomba to drop 'Nigger' name from sports ground | work = [[The Courier-Mail]]|url = http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/n-word-banned-from-ground/story-e6freoof-1111117585280 | accessdate = 6 April 2010 }}</ref> <ref name="OShea2009-01-14">{{cite news|editor-last=O'Shea|editor-first=Ben|date=14 January 2009|title=Big wind over a little word|work=[[The West Australian]]|url=http://origin-www.thewest.com.au/default.aspx?MenuID=5&ContentID=117947|access-date=25 November 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110304110636/http://origin-www.thewest.com.au/default.aspx?MenuID=5|archive-date=4 March 2011}}; now [https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/actindnetwork/conversations/topics/14041 here]</ref> }} ==External links== * [http://www.abc.net.au/rn/lawreport/stories/2009/2486865.htm ''The Law Report'' – Indigenous activist Stephen Hagan] * [http://www.onlineopinion.com.au/view.asp?article=3536 Book review: ''The N Word'' by Stephen Hagan by Aden Ridgeway] * [http://eprints.usq.edu.au/25932/3/nigger%20lovers.mp4 ''Nigger Lovers''] a documentary short by Hagan about the E. S. "Nigger" Brown stand and the word "nigger". {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Hagan, Stephen}} [[Category:1959 births]] [[Category:People from Cunnamulla]] [[Category:Australian indigenous rights activists]] [[Category:Australian documentary filmmakers]] [[Category:Indigenous Australian writers]] [[Category:Australian columnists]] [[Category:Writers from Queensland]] [[Category:Australian diplomats]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:University of Southern Queensland alumni]] [[Category:University of Southern Queensland faculty]]'