Examine individual changes

'{{Other uses}} {{Use American English|date=August 2020}} {{short description|Japanese-owned American international chain of convenience stores}} {{Infobox company | name = 7-Eleven, Inc. | logo = Log of 7-Eleven (transparent).svg | logo_size = 150 | type = [[Wholly owned subsidiary]] | founder = Joe C. Thompson | foundation = {{Start date and age|1927}} (as Tote'm Stores) | location_city = [[Dallas]], [[Texas]] | website = {{URL|www.7-eleven.com/}} | location_country = [[United States]] | locations = 71,100 | key_people = Joseph DePinto<br/>([[Chief executive officer|CEO]] & [[President (corporate title)|President]])<br/>Stanley Reynolds<br/>([[Vice president#Vice presidents in business|EVP]] & [[Chief financial officer|CFO]])<br/>Marissa Jarratt<br/>([[Chief marketing officer|CMO]]) | industry = [[Retail]] ([[Convenience store]]s) | products = [[Slurpee|Slurpee beverage]]<br/>[[7-Eleven#Products and services|Big Gulp]] beverage cup<br/>Other products include: [[coffee]], [[candy]], [[Food|prepared food]]s, [[gasoline]], [[dairy]], [[snack]]s, [[Alcoholic drink|various assortment of beverages]] | num_employees = 45,000 | num_employees_year = 2010 | parent = [[Seven & I Holdings Co.]] (2005–present) }} '''7-Eleven, Inc.''' (stylized as '''7ᴇʟᴇᴠᴇn''') is an American international chain of [[convenience store]]s, headquartered in [[Dallas]], [[Texas]]. The chain was founded in 1927 as an [[ice house (building)|ice house]] storefront in Dallas. It was named '''Tote'm Stores''' between 1928 and 1946. After 70% of the company was acquired by Japanese affiliate [[Ito-Yokado]] in 1991, it was reorganized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Seven-Eleven Japan Co., Ltd in 2005, and is now held by [[Chiyoda, Tokyo]]-based [[Seven & I Holdings Co.|Seven & I Holdings Co., Ltd.]]<ref>{{Cite news|last=Moyer|first=Justin Wm|title=In honor of 7/11: How Japan slurped up 7-Eleven|language=en-US|work=[[The Washington Post]]|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2014/07/11/in-honor-of-711-how-japan-slurped-up-7-eleven/|access-date=2020-10-06|issn=0190-8286}}</ref> 7-Eleven operates, franchises, and licenses 71,100 stores in 17 countries as of July 2020.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Chang |first1=Ron |title=7-Eleven Opens 71,100th Store in S. Korea |url=http://tbs.seoul.kr/eFm/newsView.do?typ_800=J&idx_800=3395420&seq_800= |website=tbs |access-date=July 11, 2020}}</ref> == Etymologies == The company's first outlets were in Dallas, named "Tote'm Stores" because customers "toted" away their purchases. Some stores featured genuine “native” [[totem pole]]s in front of the store. In 1946, the chain's name was changed from "Tote'm" to "7-Eleven" to reflect the company's new, extended hours, 7:00&nbsp;am to 11:00&nbsp;pm, seven days per week.<ref name="History - 7-Eleven Corporate"/> In November 1999, the corporate name of the US company was changed from "The Southland Corporation" to "7-Eleven Inc."<ref name="7-Eleven Corporate">{{cite web |title= 7-Eleven Corporate |url= http://corp.7-eleven.com/corp/7-eleven-profile |website= corp.7-eleven.com |publisher= 7-Eleven Corporate |access-date= February 10, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1= Andrew F. |title= The Oxford Companion to American Food and Drink |date= May 2007 |publisher= Oxford University Press |page= 146}}</ref> == History == In 1927, Southland Ice Company employee John Jefferson Green began selling ice, then he started selling eggs, milk, and bread from one of 16 ice house storefronts in [[Dallas]], with permission from one of Southland's founding directors, Joe&nbsp;C. Thompson Sr.<ref name="7-Eleven, Inc. History">[http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/7-eleven-inc-history/ "7-Eleven, Inc. History"] Retrieved July 20, 2012.</ref> Although small grocery stores and general merchandisers were available, Thompson theorized that selling products such as bread and milk in convenience stores would reduce the need for customers to travel long distances for basic items. Thompson eventually bought the Southland Ice Company and turned it into the Southland Corporation, which oversaw several locations in the Dallas area.<ref name="History - 7-Eleven Corporate">{{cite news|url=http://corp.7-eleven.com/corp-BAK/history |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317220331/http://corp.7-eleven.com/corp-BAK/history |archive-date=March 17, 2017 |title=History - 7-Eleven Corporate |work=7-Eleven, Inc. |access-date=April 18, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1928, Jenna Lira brought a [[totem pole]] as a souvenir from [[Alaska]] and placed it in front of the store. The pole served as a [[marketing tool]] for the company, as it attracted a great deal of attention. Soon, executives added totem poles in front of every store and eventually adopted an [[Alaska Native]]-inspired theme for their stores. Later on, the stores began operating under the name "Tote'm Stores". In the same year, the company began constructing [[gas station]]s in some of its Dallas locations as an experiment. Joe Thompson also provided a distinct characteristic to the company's stores, training the staff so that people would receive the same quality and service in every store. Southland also started to have a uniform for its ice station service boys. This became the major factor in the company's success as a retail convenience store.{{citation needed|date=May 2018}} In 1931, the [[Great Depression]] affected the company, sending it toward bankruptcy. Nevertheless, the company continued its operations through re-organization and [[receivership]]. A Dallas banker, W.&nbsp;W.&nbsp;Overton Jr., also helped to revive the company's finances by selling the company's bonds for seven cents on the dollar. This brought the company's ownership under the control of a board of directors.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Press|first1=Hoover's Business|title=Hoover's Handbook of Private Companies|date=2010|publisher=Hoover's Business Press|page=209}}</ref> In 1946, in an effort to continue the company's [[Post–World War II economic expansion|post-war]] recovery, the name of the franchise was changed to 7-Eleven to reflect the stores' new hours of operation (7&nbsp;am to 11&nbsp;pm), which were unprecedented at the time. In 1963, 7-Eleven experimented with a [[24/7|24-hour]] schedule in [[Austin, Texas]], after an Austin store stayed open all night to satisfy customer demand.<ref name="History - 7-Eleven Corporate"/> Later on, 24-hour stores were established in [[Fort Worth, Texas|Fort Worth]] and [[Dallas]], Texas, as well as [[Las Vegas]], Nevada.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://corp.7-eleven.com/corp-BAK/open-around-the-clock |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418090449/http://corp.7-eleven.com/corp-BAK/open-around-the-clock |archive-date=April 18, 2017 |title=Open Around the Clock - 7-Eleven Corporate |work=7-Eleven, Inc. |access-date=April 18, 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1971, Southland acquired convenience stores of the former Pak-A-Sak chain owned by Graham Allen Penniman Sr. (1903–1985), of [[Shreveport, Louisiana|Shreveport]], Louisiana.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geni.com/people/G-Allen-Penniman/308343952620003883|title=G. Allen Penniman|publisher=geni.com|access-date=October 12, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/pensacolanewsjournal/obituary.aspx?pid=174762130|title=Edgar Erwin Penniman|publisher=[[Pensacola News Journal]]|date=May 2, 2015|access-date=October 12, 2015}}</ref> With the purchase in 1963 of 126 Speedee Mart (all already open 7{{ndash}}11) franchised convenience stores in California, the company entered the franchise business. The company signed its first area licensing agreement in 1968 with Garb-Ko, Inc. of [[Saginaw, Michigan]], which became the first U.S. domestic area 7-Eleven licensee. In the late 1980s, Southland Corporation was threatened by a rumored corporate takeover, prompting the Thompson family to take steps to convert the company into a private model by buying out public shareholders in a tender offer.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sims|first1=Calvin|title=7-Eleven Owner in $5 Billion to Sell Company|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/07/06/business/7-eleven-owner-in-5-billion-deal-to-sell-company.html|access-date=August 4, 2015|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=July 6, 1987}}</ref> In December 1987, [[John Philp Thompson Sr.]], the chairman and CEO of 7-Eleven, completed a $5.2&nbsp;billion [[management buyout]] of the company.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/09/business/company-news-southland-holders-approve-buyout.html |title=Company News; Southland Holders Approve Buyout |newspaper=New York TImes|agency=Associated Press|date=December 9, 1987|access-date=August 3, 2015}}</ref> The buyout suffered from the effects of the [[Black Monday (1987)|1987 stock market crash]] and after failing initially to raise high yield debt financing, the company was required to offer a portion of stock as an inducement to invest in the company's bonds.<ref>{{cite news|last=Frank| first=Peter H.| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/11/11/business/southland-buyout-hits-snag.html|title=Southland Buyout Hits Snag|newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 11, 1987|access-date=August 3, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Wayne|first=Leslie |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/04/business/takeovers-revert-to-the-old-mode.html| title=Takeovers Revert to the Old Mode|newspaper=The New York Times|date=January 4, 1988|access-date=August 3, 2015}}</ref> Various assets, such as the [[Chief Auto Parts]] chain,<ref>{{cite news|title=Company News: Southland to Sell Chief Auto Unit|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/12/25/business/company-news-southland-to-sell-chief-auto-unit.html|access-date=August 4, 2015|work=[[The New York Times]]|agency=Reuters|date=December 25, 1987}}</ref> the [[Reddy Ice|ice division]],<ref>{{cite news|title=Company News: Southland Sells Reddy Ice Unit|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/05/business/company-news-southland-sells-reddy-ice-unit.html|access-date=August 4, 2015|work=[[The New York Times]]|agency=Associated Press|date=March 5, 1988}}</ref> and hundreds of store locations,<ref>{{cite news|title=Company News: Circle K Will Acquire 473 7-Eleven Stores|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/03/01/business/company-news-circle-k-will-acquire-473-7-eleven-stores.html|access-date=August 4, 2015|work=[[The New York Times]]|agency=Associated Press|date=March 1, 1988}}</ref> were sold between 1987 and 1990 to relieve debt incurred during the buyout. This downsizing also resulted in numerous metropolitan areas losing 7-Eleven stores to rival convenience store operators. In October 1990, the heavily indebted Southland Corp. filed a [[prepackaged bankruptcy|pre-packaged]] [[Chapter 11 bankruptcy]] in order to transfer control of 70% of the company to Japanese affiliate [[Ito-Yokado]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Silverstein|first1=Stuart|title=7-Eleven Parent Files 'Prepackaged' Bankruptcy : Retailing: Southland Corp. hopes to expedite the sale of the convenience store chain to its longtime affiliate in Japan|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1990-10-25/business/fi-4478_1_prepackaged-bankruptcy|access-date=August 4, 2015|work=Los Angeles Times|date=October 25, 1990}}</ref> Southland exited bankruptcy in March 1991, after a cash infusion of $430&nbsp;million from Ito-Yokado and Seven-Eleven Japan. These two Japanese entities now controlled 70% of the company, with the founding Thompson family retaining 5 percent.<ref>{{cite news|title=Japanese Firms Pull Southland Corp. From Chapter 11 : Bankruptcy: The two companies pumped $430 million into the parent company of the 7-Eleven chain for 70% of its stock|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1991-03-06/business/fi-171_1_japanese-companies|access-date=August 4, 2015|work=Los Angeles Times|date=March 6, 1991}}</ref> In 1999, Southland Corp. changed its name to 7-Eleven, Inc., citing the divestment of operations other than 7-Eleven.<ref>{{cite news|title=Southland is changing its name to 7-Eleven|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/03/10/business/southland-is-changing-its-name-to-7-eleven.html|access-date=August 4, 2015|work=Los Angeles Times|date=March 10, 1999}}</ref> Ito-Yokado formed [[Seven & I Holdings Co.]] and 7-Eleven became its subsidiary in 2005. In 2007, Seven & I Holdings announced that it would be expanding its U.S. operations, with an additional 1,000 7-Eleven stores in the U.S. For the 2010 rankings, 7-Eleven climbed to the No.&nbsp;3 spot in ''Entrepreneur'' magazine's 31st Annual Franchise&nbsp;500, "the first and most comprehensive ranking in the world". This was the 17th year 7-Eleven was named in the top&nbsp;10. Also in 2010, the first "green" 7-Eleven store opened in [[DeLand, Florida]]. The store features [[U.S. Green Building Council]]'s (USGBC) [[Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design]] (LEED) elements. Also, the environmentally friendly design brings the store savings in energy costs. That same year, 7-Eleven went mobile with the launch of the Slurpee drink's [[iPhone]] and [[Android (operating system)|Android]] Application ([[Mobile app|App]]). The Slurpee drink app made it easy to find 7-Eleven stores and provides driving directions. The following year, 7-Eleven celebrated its 40,000th store opening and within two years of that milestone opened its 60,000th store. In 2020, 7-Eleven announced it would purchase [[Speedway LLC|Speedway]] for $21&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Business |first1=Kaori Enjoji, CNN |title=7-Eleven owner buys Speedway gas stations for $21 billion |url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/03/business/speedway-7-eleven-marathon-deal-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=23 September 2020 |work=CNN |date=3 August 2020}}</ref> In 2021, 7-Eleven rolled out a $70 million ad campaign, their largest investment in advertising in years, doubling their market spending from the previous year. The commercials, directed by [[Harmony Korine]], are to reflect the "evolution" of the chain's store format, drawing attention to, in part, the fact that "this isn't just gas station food, there's real restaurant quality food at 7-Eleven", according to CMO Marissa Jarrantt.<ref>{{Cite web|title=7-Eleven Launches ‘Take it to Eleven!’ Campaign|url=https://www.convenience.org/Media/Daily/2021/Apr/28/1-7-11-Launches-Take-it-to-11-Campaign_Marketing|access-date=2021-04-29|website=www.convenience.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Apr. 28|first=Greg Lindenberg on|last2=2021|title=7-Eleven Invests $70 Million in New Brand Campaign|url=https://www.cspdailynews.com/company-news/7-eleven-invests-70-million-new-brand-campaign|access-date=2021-04-29|website=CSP Daily News|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ives|first=Nat|date=2021-04-28|title=7-Eleven Taps ‘Spring Breakers’ Director Harmony Korine for $70 Million Marketing Campaign|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/7-eleven-taps-spring-breakers-director-harmony-korine-for-70-million-marketing-campaign-11619607612|access-date=2021-04-29|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> ==Products and services== <!-- Big Gulp redirects to this section --><!-- For external subsection links --> 7-Eleven in the United States sells [[Slurpee]]<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.slurpee.com|title = Slurpee® drinks|date = December 1, 2015|website= Slurpee® drinks}}</ref> drinks, a partially frozen soft drink introduced in 1965 ([[Oklahoma]]'s stores are known as ''Icy Drink''),<ref name="yep">[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb4898/is_200303/ai_n18004283 Former 7-Eleven CEO Thompson dies. (Top of the News).(John Thompson)(Obituary) | National Petroleum News | Find Articles at BNET.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090103230211/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb4898/is_200303/ai_n18004283 |date=January 3, 2009 }}</ref> and Big Gulp beverages, introduced in 1976.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/07/nyregion/7-eleven-big-gulps-are-immune-from-proposed-new-york-city-ban.html?_r=0 "At 7-Eleven, the Big Gulps Elude a Ban by the City"], by Aaron Edwards, ''[[The New York Times]]'', June 6, 2012 [consulted November 17, 2015].</ref><ref>[http://www.adweek.com/news/advertising-branding/tall-cold-tale-big-gulp-162960 "The Tall, Cold Tale of the Big Gulp Thanks to 7-Eleven, large will never be the same"], by Robert Klara, ''[[Adweek]]'', February 16, 2015 [consulted November 17, 2015].</ref> Other products include: 7-Select<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.cspnet.com/category-news/snacks-candy/articles/7-eleven-launching-7-select-goyum-gosmart-lines|title = CSPNET on 7-Select|date = June 25, 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151208052257/http://www.cspnet.com/category-news/snacks-candy/articles/7-eleven-launching-7-select-goyum-gosmart-lines|archive-date = December 8, 2015|url-status = dead}}</ref> private-brand products,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.7-eleven.com/Only-at-7-Eleven/7-Select/ |title=7-Select Products |access-date=December 1, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208131004/https://www.7-eleven.com/Only-at-7-Eleven/7-Select/ |archive-date=December 8, 2015 }}</ref> coffee, fresh-made daily sandwiches, fresh fruit, salads, bakery items, hot and prepared foods, gasoline, dairy products, carbonated beverages and energy drinks, juices, donuts, financial services, and product delivery services. 7-Eleven is known for its relatively large drink sizes and 24-hour accessibility. 7-Eleven offers beverages in sizes as large as 128 ounces (3785 mL) (Team Gulp). These beverage sizes were all among the largest sold soft drinks when they were introduced.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/we-have-texas-to-thank-for-the-biggest-big-gulp-84453489/?no-ist |title=We Have Texas to Thank for the Biggest Big Gulp |last1=Smith |first1=K. Annabelle |date=May 30, 2013 |access-date=October 19, 2016}}</ref> 7-Eleven has often been associated with these large sodas in popular culture. For example, Mayor [[Michael Bloomberg]]'s [[Sugary Drinks Portion Cap Rule|proposed ban on large sodas]] in [[New York City]] was frequently referred to as the 'Big Gulp ban'.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/videos/bloomberg-on-big-gulp-law-not-banning-anything-just-portion-control/ |title=Bloomberg on 'Big Gulp' law: Not banning anything, just portion control |date=March 10, 2013 |work=CBS News |access-date= October 19, 2016}}</ref> In 2012, 7-Eleven changed the size of the Double Gulp from 64 ounces to 50 ounces (1478 mL). The older style cups were too wide at the bottom and did not fit beverage holders in cars. This was not a reaction to the large soda ban proposal, according to a spokesperson.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2012/06/7-eleven-downsizes-double-gulp-just-156-your-stomachs-capacity/326927/|title=7-Eleven Downsizes 'Double Gulp' To Just 156% of Your Stomach's Capacity|last=Abad-Santos|first=Alexander|work=The Atlantic|access-date=July 21, 2017|language=en-US}}</ref> In February 2020, they opened a cashierless location at the 7-Eleven headquarters in [[Irving, Texas|Irving]], [[Texas]].<ref>{{cite web |title=7-Eleven Tests Cashierless Store at North Texas Headquarters |url=https://dfw.cbslocal.com/2020/02/05/7-eleven-tests-cashierless-store-texas/ |website=CBS-DFW |date=February 5, 2020}}</ref> == Global operations == [[File:7eleven map.svg|thumb|upright=1.5|Countries with 7-Eleven stores]] === Asia === ==== Hong Kong ==== [[File:HK SYP Chong Yip Ctr 7-11 shop.jpg|thumb|7-Eleven in [[Shek Tong Tsui]], Hong Kong]] 7-Eleven first opened in Hong Kong in 1981, when it was a British colony. {{as of|July 2019}}, it operates as a subsidiary of the [[Dairy Farm International Holdings|Dairy Farm]]. It is popularly called ''tsat jai'' ({{zh|七仔|labels=no}}, meaning "little seven") or ''se fun'' ({{zh|些粉|labels=no}}, based on the English "seven"). As of 2012, 7-Eleven had 964 stores in Hong Kong, of which 563 were operated by franchisees.<ref name="madethemlosers">{{cite news|last1=Nip|first1=Amy|last2=Chong|first2=Dennis|title=7-Eleven owners say wage rise has made them losers|work=South China Morning Post|date=April 30, 2012|page=1}}</ref> Hong Kong reportedly has the second-highest density of 7-Eleven stores, after Macao. All 7-Eleven stores in Hong Kong accept the ubiquitous [[Octopus card]] as a method of payment.<ref name="share">{{cite news|last1=Cheng|first1=Albert|title=Let other cards share in Octopus' success|work=South China Morning Post|date=April 4, 2002|page=14}}</ref> They also accept payments for utility bills and [[Public housing in Hong Kong|public housing]] rent.<ref name="rentpayment">{{cite web|title=Rent Payment Methods|url=https://www.housingauthority.gov.hk/en/public-housing/rent-related-matters/rent-payment-methods/index.html|publisher=Hong Kong Housing Authority|.access-date=December 11, 2017}}</ref> In November 1980, Southland Corporation and Hong Kong conglomerate [[Jardine Matheson]] signed a franchise agreement to bring 7-Eleven to the territory.<ref name="roundclock">{{cite news|last1=Hunt|first1=Christopher|title=Expansion round the clock|work=South China Morning Post|date=May 27, 1987|page=31}}</ref> The first 7-Eleven shop opened in [[Happy Valley, Hong Kong|Happy Valley]] on April 3, 1981.<ref name="openssoon">{{cite news|title=24-hour shop opens soon|work=South China Morning Post|date=April 1, 1981|page=1}}</ref><ref name="nowits">{{cite news|title=Now it's 24-hour shopping|work=South China Morning Post|date=April 4, 1981|page=12}}</ref> The chain expanded aggressively across Hong Kong throughout the 1980s. The 50th store opened in [[Kwai Chung]] on October 6, 1983, while the 200th was inaugurated by [[Simon Keswick]] at Tai Po Centre on May 7, 1987.<ref name="planfor">{{cite news|title=Plan for 450 more 7-Elevens|work=South China Morning Post|date=October 7, 1983|page=29}}</ref><ref name="foodchain">{{cite news|title=Food chain opens 200th HK store|work=South China Morning Post|date=May 8, 1987|page=5}}</ref> The stores were sold to Dairy Farm, part of the Jardine Matheson group, in 1989.<ref name="sale1989">{{cite news|title=Jardines in deal to sell 7-Elevens to Dairy Farm|work=South China Morning Post|date=February 15, 1989|page=49}}</ref> Octopus card readers were introduced in all 7-Eleven stores in July 1999, although at first these could only be used to add value to the card.<ref name="tentacles">{{cite news|last1=Au-yeung|first1=Karvin|last2=Lai|first2=Eric|title=Octopus may spread tentacles to 7-Elevens|work=South China Morning Post|date=June 22, 1999|page=1}}</ref><ref name="photos">{{cite news|last1=Yu|first1=Kai Peter|title=Octopus, photos in 7-Eleven services|work=South China Morning Post|date=July 8, 1999|page=3}}</ref> In September 2004, the number of locations in Hong Kong was substantially boosted when Dairy Farm acquired [[Daily Stop]], a rival convenience store chain, from [[SCMP Group|SCMP Retailing (HK)]]. The chain's 84 shops, located mainly in [[MTR]] and [[Kowloon–Canton Railway]] stations (as well as shopping centers and housing estates), were converted to 7-Eleven stores.<ref name="sharesrally">{{cite news|last1=Li|first1=Sandy|title=SCMP shares rally; on asset disposal|work=South China Morning Post|date=September 17, 2004|page=3}}</ref><ref name="despite">{{cite news|last1=Li|first1=Sandy|title=Dairy Farm expands despite soaring rents|work=South China Morning Post|date=March 1, 2005|page=4}}</ref> In 2009, a 7-Eleven location in [[Quarry Bay]] opened with a hot food counter, called "7 Café", selling traditional [[Hong Kong street food]] and [[Hong Kong-style milk tea|milk tea]].<ref name="firstshot">{{cite news|last1=Tsang|first1=Denise|title=7-Eleven café fires first shot in fish ball war|url=http://www.scmp.com/article/691736/7-eleven-cafe-fires-first-shot-fish-ball-war|work=South China Morning Post|date=September 7, 2009|page=1}}</ref> This feature was subsequently extended to select other 7-Eleven locations across Hong Kong under the "Daily Café" and "Hot Shot" brands. ==== India ==== The first 7-Eleven stores in [[India]] opened in 2019. Ken Wakabayashi, senior vice president of 7-Eleven, described it as a strategic relationship.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Morris |first1=Chris |title=7-Eleven Set to Open in India |url=https://fortune.com/2019/03/01/7-eleven-set-to-open-in-india/ |access-date=28 August 2020 |work=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |date=1 March 2019}}</ref> ==== Indonesia ==== In 2008, 7-Eleven announced plans to expand its business in [[Indonesia]] through a [[master franchise]] agreement with Modern Sevel Indonesia and [[Media Nusantara Citra]]. Modern Sevel Indonesia's initial plans were to focus on opening stores in Jakarta, targeting densely populated commercial and business areas.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://corp.7-eleven.com/NewsRoom/2009NewsReleases/7ElevenStoresinIndonesia/tabid/303/Default.aspx |title=7-Eleven, Inc. Partners with PT. Modern Putra Indonesia in Master Franchise for 7‑Eleven Stores in Indonesia |publisher=7-Eleven, Inc. |date=April 6, 2009 |access-date=July 11, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100909163851/http://corp.7-eleven.com/NewsRoom/2009NewsReleases/7ElevenStoresinIndonesia/tabid/303/Default.aspx |archive-date=September 9, 2010 }}</ref> There are 190 7-Eleven stores in Indonesia {{as of|2014|lc=y}} and it has reduced to only 166 stores as September 2016. ==== Japan ==== [[File:7-Eleven store Toyosu branch Tokyo Japan 20140319.jpg|thumb|Japan's first 7-Eleven store in [[Kōtō, Tokyo]] opened in May 1974]] Japan has more 7-Eleven locations than anywhere else in the world, where they often bear the name of its holding company "[[Seven & I Holdings]]". Of the 71,000 stores around the globe, 21,143 stores (nearly 30% of global stores) are in Japan,<ref>{{Citation | type = company corporate information | url = http://www.sej.co.jp/company/en/g_stores.html | title = 7–11 around the world | date = June 30, 2018 |publisher= SEJ | place = [[Japan|JP]]}}.</ref> with 2,801 stores in Tokyo alone.<ref>{{Citation | type = company corporate information | url = http://www.sej.co.jp/company/en/n_stores.html | title = Number of Stores in each administrative division | date = July 31, 2018 |publisher= SEJ | place = JP}}.</ref> On September 1, 2005, Seven & I Holdings Co., Ltd., a new holding company, became the parent company of 7-Eleven, [[Ito-Yokado]], and [[Denny's]] Japan. {{as of|July 2019}}, 7-Eleven has stores in all 47 prefectures of Japan with the opening of 14 new locations in Okinawa Prefecture.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.okinawa.org/blog/seven-eleven-opening-at-7-a-m-on-7-11-2019.51/|title=Seven-Eleven Opening at 7&nbsp;am. On 7-11-2019|date=July 11, 2019|website=Okinawa.Org|language=en-US|access-date=July 11, 2019}}</ref> The aesthetics of the store are somewhat different from that of 7-Eleven stores in other countries as the stores offer a wider selection of products and services. 7-Eleven stores in Japan are also popular among tourists from other countries, as the [[Seven Bank]] [[Automated teller machine|ATM]] machines at branches will accept foreign [[debit cards|debit]] and [[credit card]]s for withdrawing cash in Japanese yen.<ref>{{cite web |title=You can withdraw Japanese yen from ATMs at 7-Eleven stores |url=https://www.sevenbank.co.jp/intlcard/index2.html |website=[[Seven Bank]] Ltd. |access-date=September 21, 2019}}</ref> Following the example of other convenience stores in Japan, 7-Eleven has solar panels and LEDs installed in about 1,400 of its stores.<ref>{{Citation |newspaper= Tokyo Weekender | url = http://www.tokyoweekender.com/2012/05/solar-convenience-stores/ | title = Solar Convenience Stores | date = May 9, 2012 | access-date = September 26, 2012}}.</ref> In July 2019, 7-Eleven launched then almost immediately suspended a mobile payment service, 7pay. The service was hacked upon launch, and attackers were able to spend money from affected customers' accounts.<ref>[https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/07/04/business/corporate-business/users-7-elevens-mobile-payment-service-lose-total-%C2%A555-million-900-accounts-hacked/#.XU9xQehKi72 Users of 7-Eleven's mobile payment service lose total of ¥55 million after 900 accounts hacked]</ref> ==== Laos ==== On August 31, 2020, 7-Eleven and Thailand's [[Charoen Pokphand|CP Group]] announced a 30-year [[master franchise]] agreement. The first Laotian 7-Eleven is expected to open in the country's capital, [[Vientiane]], in 2022.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Phoonphongphiphat |first1=Apornrath |title=Thailand's CP Group to open first 7-Eleven store in Laos in 2022 |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Retail/Thailand-s-CP-Group-to-open-first-7-Eleven-store-in-Laos-in-2022 |access-date=1 September 2020 |work=[[The Nikkei|Nikkei Asian Review]] |date=31 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Yap |first1=Jasmina |title=7-Eleven Convenience Stores to Enter Laos By 2022 |url=https://laotiantimes.com/2020/09/01/7-eleven-convenience-stores-to-enter-laos-by-2022/ |access-date=1 September 2020 |work=Laotian Times |date=1 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Gustafson |first1=Isabelle |title=7-Eleven Enters Laos Market |url=https://cstoredecisions.com/2020/08/31/7-eleven-enters-laos-market/ |access-date=1 September 2020 |work=CStoreDecisions |date=31 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Lindenberg |first1=Greg |title=7-Eleven Continues Global Expansion |url=https://www.cspdailynews.com/company-news/7-eleven-continues-global-expansion |access-date=1 September 2020 |work=CSP Daily News |date=31 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=7-Eleven Adds More Ground in Its Ongoing Global Expansion |url=https://csnews.com/7-eleven-adds-more-ground-its-ongoing-global-expansion |access-date=1 September 2020 |work=Convenience Store News |date=31 August 2020}}</ref> ==== Macau ==== 7-Eleven entered the [[Macau]] market in 2005 under the ownership of [[Dairy Farm International Holdings|Dairy Farm]], the same conglomeration group operating Hong Kong's 7-Eleven. With only 25.9 square kilometers, Macau has 45 stores, making it the single market with the highest density of 7-Eleven stores, containing one store per 0.65 square kilometers. ==== Mainland China ==== 7-Eleven opened its first store in China in [[Shenzhen]], Guangdong in 1992 and later expanded to [[Beijing]] in 2004, [[Tianjin]] and [[Shanghai]] in 2009, [[Chengdu]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/bizchina/2013-06/18/content_16635887.htm|title=7-Eleven to open 300 stores in Chongqing|author =关晓萌}}</ref> in 2011, [[Qingdao]] in 2012, [[Chongqing]] in 2013, [[Hangzhou]] and [[Ningbo]] in 2017, [[Nanjing]] in 2018, and [[Wuhan]], [[Xi'an]], and [[Fuzhou]] in 2019. In China's 7-Eleven stores where Slurpees are offered, the Chinese name [[:zh:思乐冰|思乐冰]] (sīlèbīng) is used. They also offer a wide array of warm food, including traditional items like steamed buns, and stores in Chengdu offer a full variety of onigiri (饭团). Beverages, alcohol, candy, periodicals, and other convenience items are available as well. The majority of these stores are open for 24 hours a day. ==== Malaysia ==== [[File:7-Eleven in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.jpg|thumb|A 7-Eleven store in [[Kuala Lumpur]], [[Malaysia]]|210x210px]] Malaysian 7-Eleven stores are owned by 7-Eleven Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., which operates 2,225 stores nationwide. 7-Eleven in Malaysia was incorporated on June 4, 1984, by the [[Berjaya Group|Berjaya Group Berhad]]. The first 7-Eleven store was opened in October 1984, in [[Jalan Bukit Bintang]], Kuala Lumpur.<ref>{{cite magazine|title=Company Overview of 7-Eleven Malaysia Sdn Bhd|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapid=22400508|magazine=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|access-date=January 25, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hmetro.com.my/node/153103|title=7-Eleven buka cawangan ke 2,000|access-date=October 29, 2016|date=July 20, 2016}}</ref> ==== South Korea ==== [[File:7-Eleven store S-Godeok-yeok branch 20180914 123820.jpg|thumb|7-Eleven at [[Godeok Station]] in [[Seoul]], South Korea|192x192px]] 7-Eleven has a major presence in the Republic of Korea convenience store market, where it competes with [[CU (store)]], [[GS25]] (formerly LG25), and independent competitors. There are 9,231 7-Eleven stores in the Republic of Korea; with only Japan and [[Thailand]] hosting more stores. The first 7-Eleven store in the Republic of Korea opened in 1989 in [[Songpa-gu]] in [[Seoul]] with a franchise license under the [[Lotte (conglomerate)|Lotte Group]]. In January 2010, Lotte Group acquired the [[Buy the Way]] convenience store chain and rebranded its 1,000 stores under the 7-Eleven brand. In 2021, 7-Eleven announced that it would be working with a South Korean nonprofit to create jobs and franchising opportunities for [[North Korean defectors]] in South Korea.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2021/04/01/South-Korea-defectors-7Eleven-jobs/4881617295026/?spt=su&or=btn_tw |title=7-Eleven to create jobs, franchise opportunities for North Korean defectors |first=Elizabeth |last=Shin |publisher=[[UPI]]}}</ref> [[File:7 ELEVEn Outles in Sindian.jpg|thumb|Two 7-Eleven stores at the same intersection in [[Xindian District]], [[New Taipei City]], [[Taiwan]]|202x202px]] ==== Taiwan ==== 7-Eleven is the largest convenience store chain In [[Taiwan]], and is owned by [[:zh:統一超商|President Chain Store Corporation]] under [[Uni-President Enterprises Corporation]]. The first fourteen stores opened in 1979, and struggled to make a profit. Southland Corporation partnered with Uni-President to modernize the stores. However, business was still slow, and Uni-President opted to stock Asian foods. In 1986, 7-Eleven made its first profit in Taiwan.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Han Cheung|title=Taiwan in Time: The fledgling days of 7-Eleven in Taiwan|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2018/02/04/2003687006/2|access-date=February 4, 2018|work=Taipei Times|date=February 4, 2018}}</ref> The 5,000th store was opened in July 2014.<ref>{{cite news|author1=Maranda Hsu|author2=Lilian Wu|title=Taiwan's 5,000th 7-Eleven convenience store opens for business|url=http://focustaiwan.tw/news/aeco/201407110031.aspx|access-date=October 29, 2014|work=Focus Taiwan News Channel|date=July 11, 2014}}</ref> In January 2018, an experimental and unstaffed shop branded the X-Store was opened.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Everington|first1=Keoni|title=7-Eleven Taiwan opens first unmanned 'X-Store'|url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3352033|access-date=February 5, 2018|work=Taiwan News|date=January 30, 2018}}</ref> 7-Eleven announced plans to operate a combination store in partnership with [[Domino's Pizza]] in February 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Tsai |first1=Peng-min |last2=Kao |first2=Evelyn |title=7-Eleven to sell Domino's pizza |url=http://focustaiwan.tw/news/aeco/201902250016.aspx |access-date=February 26, 2019 |agency=Central News Agency |date=February 25, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Everington |first1=Keoni |title=7-Eleven Taiwan to sell freshly-baked Domino's Pizza |url=https://www.taiwannews.com.tw/en/news/3646431 |access-date=February 27, 2019 |work=Taiwan News |date=February 26, 2019}}</ref> [[File:Open chan Clock on Column of 7-Eleven Zentang Store 20160530.jpg|thumb|189x189px|A 7-Eleven clock featuring cartoons of Open-Chan (right) and his friends (left)]] In the early 2000s, 7-Eleven introduced a corporate mascot named Open-Chan (Open 小將), an extraterrestrial dog who wears a rainbow-shaped crown from a fictional planet known as Planet Open to be a "cartoon spokesperson" for the store chain in Taiwan. Open-Chan quickly grew in popularity among Taiwanese children soon after its initial debut.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.7-11.com.tw/en/business/im.html|title=7-ELEVEN|website=www.7-11.com.tw|access-date=September 13, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/in-taiwan-convenience-stores-have-big-selections-many-fans-1400293559|title=How Convenient: In Taiwan, the 24/7 Store Does It All|last=Hsu|first=Eva Dou and Jenny W.|date=May 17, 2014|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|access-date=September 13, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> After Open-Chan's subsequent rise to prominence in Taiwan, the character was even introduced in Japan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://news.searchina.net/id/1640156|title=台湾のゆるキャラ「ＯＰＥＮちゃん」も和装で登場！ 「日本台湾祭り２０１７」 news.searchina.net|website=news.searchina.net|language=ja|access-date=September 13, 2019}}</ref> ==== Thailand ==== [[File:7-Eleven, Bangkok, Thailand.jpg|thumb|7-Eleven, [[Sukhumvit Road|Sukhumvit]] Soi 13, [[Bangkok]], [[Thailand]]]] The first Thai 7-Eleven opened in 1989 on [[Patpong|Patpong Road]] in Bangkok. The chain consists of both company-owned (45%) and franchised shops (55%).<ref name="PE-20200312">{{cite news |last1=Kri-aksorn |first1=Thammachart |title=Here's why Twitter users boycott 7-eleven |url=https://prachatai.com/english/node/8399 |access-date=April 24, 2020 |work=Prachatai English |date=March 12, 2020}}</ref> [[CP All|CP ALL Public Company Limited]] is the 7-Eleven owner and [[franchising|franchisor]] in [[Thailand]]. {{asof|July 2020}}, there were 11,983 stores in Thailand, employing 170,000.<ref name="PE-20200312" /> In 2018, 7-Eleven generated 335,532 million [[Thai baht|baht]] in income for CP.<ref name="PE-20200312" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Jitpleecheep |first1=Pitsinee |title=7-Eleven poised to top 11,000 stores in 2018 |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/business/news/1404750/7-eleven-poised-to-top-11-000-stores-in-2018 |access-date=June 4, 2018 |work=Bangkok Post |date=January 31, 2018}}</ref> 7-Eleven holds a 70% market share in the [[convenience store]] category, opposed by some 7,000 other convenience stores (e.g., [[FamilyMart]]) and 400,000 "[[small business|mom and pop]]" shops.<ref name="PE-20200312" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kyozuka |first1=Tamaki |title=FamilyMart to double stores in Thailand, take on 7-Eleven |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Companies/FamilyMart-to-double-stores-in-Thailand-take-on-7-Eleven |access-date=June 4, 2018 |work=Nikkei Asian Review |date=November 15, 2016}}</ref> Thailand has the second largest number of 7-Eleven stores after Japan.<ref name="About 7-Eleven">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080731072739/http://www.7-eleven.com/AboutUs/InternationalLicensing/tabid/115/Default.aspx About 7-Eleven], 7-Eleven. Retrieved March 25, 2010.</ref> In an effort to reduce plastic pollution the parent company of 7-Eleven stores in Thailand, [[CP All|CP All Public Company]], announced their intent in November 2018 to reduce and eventually end the use of single-use plastic bags.<ref>{{cite news|title=7-Eleven stores to reduce the use of plastic bags|url=https://thethaiger.com/news/national/7-eleven-stores-to-reduce-the-use-of-plastic-bags|work=The Thaiger|date=November 8, 2018|access-date=November 8, 2018}}</ref> {{asof|January 2020}}, 7-Eleven—along with 42 other Thai retailers—will stop giving single-use plastic bags to customers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Major Thai stores to stop giving out plastic bags by 2020: minister |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-thailand-plastic/major-thai-stores-to-stop-giving-out-plastic-bags-by-2020-minister-idUSKBN1W915E |access-date=September 25, 2019 |work=Reuters |date=September 24, 2019}}</ref> ==== United Arab Emirates ==== Seven & I Holdings announced in June 2014 that they had agreed a contract with Seven Emirates Investment LLC to open the first Middle Eastern 7-Eleven in [[Dubai]], [[United Arab Emirates]] during the summer of 2015.<ref name="7-Eleven to open in Dubai">{{cite web | url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/industry-insights/retail/7eleven-to-open-in-dubai-next-year-first-in-middle-east | title=7-Eleven to open in Dubai next year, first in Middle East |work=[[The National (Abu Dhabi)|The National]] | date=June 17, 2014 | access-date=June 19, 2014 | author=Sahoo, Sananda}}</ref><ref name="7-Eleven to Open Store in Dubai">{{cite news| url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/7-eleven-to-open-store-in-dubai-1402942024 | title=7-Eleven to Open Store in Dubai |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] | date=June 16, 2014 | access-date=June 19, 2014 | author=Armental, Maria}}</ref><ref name="Seven & I Dubai">{{cite news| url=http://in.reuters.com/article/2014/06/17/seveni-emirates-dubai-idINL4N0OY0TN20140617 | title=Seven & I to open 7-Eleven in Dubai next year, first in Middle East |work=[[Reuters]] | date=June 17, 2014 | access-date=June 19, 2014 |author1=Kim, Chang-Ran |author2=Shimizu, Ritsuko}}</ref> The company also said that they had plans to open about 100 stores in the country by the end of 2017.<ref name="7-Eleven to open in Dubai" /><ref name="Seven & I Dubai"/> The first store was opened in October 2015. The country has 13 stores as of January 2018. ==== Vietnam ==== The first 7-Eleven store in Viet Nam opens in 2017, making Viet Nam the 19th country to host the world's largest convenience store chain. Seven System Viet Nam (SSV) is the Master Franchisee of the 7-Eleven convenience store system in Viet Nam, based in Ho Chi Minh City. '''Future location: Israel''' 7-Eleven plans to open stores in Israel during 2021. The first location is expected to open in Tel Aviv. ==== Former location: Turkey and Philippines==== 7-Eleven entered the Turkish market in 1989, opening its first store on September 12, 1989.<ref>Milliyet, September 12, 1989</ref> Major stakeholder of the master franchise, Özer Çiller sold his shares in 1993, after his wife [[Tansu Çiller]] became the Prime Minister.<ref>Milliyet, August 24, 1993</ref> In the 2010s, 7-Eleven left the Turkish market, transferring most of its stores to franchise owners. In the [[Philippines]], 7-Eleven was run by the Philippine Seven Corporation (PSC). Its first store, located in [[Quezon City]], opened on February 29, 1984. On May 2, 1996, the stockholders of both PSC and PSPC approved the merger of the two companies to advance PSC group’s expansion. On October 30, 1996, Securities and Exchange Commission approved the merger and PSPC was then absorbed by PSC as the surviving entity. In 2000, [[Uni-President Enterprises Corporation|President Chain Store Corporation (PCSC)]] of [[Taiwan]], also a licensee of 7-Eleven, purchased the majority shares of PSC and thus formed a strategic alliance for the convenience store industry within the area. In 1997, they opened their first store outside of [[Luzon]] in [[Cebu City]], which soon spread to other parts of the province. Then another branch opened in [[Bacolod|Bacolod City]] in 1998, [[Iloilo City]] in 1999, [[Davao City]]. But 7 Eleven exited The Philippines in 2000 ==== Singapore ==== In Singapore, 7-Eleven forms the largest chain of [[convenience stores]] island-wide. There are 393 7-Eleven stores scattered throughout the country as of February 2018. Stores in Singapore are operated by [[Dairy Farm International Holdings]], franchised under a licensing agreement with 7-Eleven Incorporated. The first 7-Eleven store in Singapore was opened along Upper Changi Road in 1983, and in 1986 the first franchised 7-Eleven store (under the [[Jardine Matheson Group]]) was opened. The license was then acquired by [[Cold Storage (supermarket)|Cold Storage]] Singapore, a subsidiary of the [[Dairy Farm International Holdings|Dairy Farm Group]], in 1989. In 2006, [[Royal Dutch Shell|Shell Singapore]] and 7-Eleven agreed to rebrand all 68 of its Shell Select convenience stores into 7-Eleven. The partnership was terminated in October 2017, and the remaining 52 7-Eleven stores in Shell petrol stations will be gradually rebranded back into Shell Select.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/transport/shell-to-end-partnership-with-7-eleven-chain|title=Shell to end partnership with 7-Eleven chain|first=Christopher|last=Tan|date=October 2, 2017|access-date=October 5, 2017|work=[[The Straits Times]]}}</ref> === Europe === The first European 7-Eleven store was opened in [[Stockholm]], Sweden in 1978.<ref name="Retro rebrand for 7-Eleven">{{cite web | url=http://www.insideretail.com.au/blog/2013/01/28/retro-rebrand-for-7-eleven/ | title=Retro rebrand for 7-Eleven | work=Inside Retail | date=January 28, 2013 | access-date=January 28, 2015 | archive-date=April 12, 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160412031830/https://www.insideretail.com.au/blog/2013/01/28/retro-rebrand-for-7-eleven/ | url-status=dead }}</ref> 7-Eleven stores are now solely located in the Scandinavian region of Europe.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Franchise Europe Top 500: 7-Eleven – FranchiseDirect.co.uk|url = http://www.franchisedirect.co.uk/top500/7eleven/1/347/|access-date = April 13, 2015}}</ref> The owner of the [[master franchise]] for 7-Eleven in Scandinavia is Reitan Servicehandel, an arm of the Norwegian retail group, [[Reitan Group]]. After Reitangruppen bought the filling station chain, [[HydroTexaco]] (now YX Energy), in [[Norway]] and Sweden in 2006, it announced that several of the stores at the petrol stations would be rebranded as 7-Elevens and that the petrol would be supplied by Shell. Other stores remain under the YX brand. ==== Denmark ==== [[File:7-Eleven Copenhagen.jpg|thumb|7-Eleven in [[Strøget]], Copenhagen, Denmark]] The first 7-Eleven store in [[Denmark]] was opened at [[Østerbro]] in Copenhagen on September 14, 1993. There are 183 stores, mostly in [[Copenhagen]], [[Aarhus]], [[Aalborg]], and [[Odense]], including eight stores at [[Copenhagen Central Station]]. In Denmark, 7-Eleven has an agreement with [[Royal Dutch Shell|Shell]], with a nationwide network of Shell/7-Eleven service stations, and an agreement with DSB to have 7-Eleven stores at most [[S-train]] stations. ==== Spain ==== 7-Eleven is available in [[Spain]] with many stores inside [[Repsol]] petrol stations, as well as some other petrol stations across the country. ==== United Kingdom ==== During the 1980s, 7-Eleven convenience stores were common in London and the South East of England. The first shop opened in London, in Sydenham South East London in 1985. The United Kingdom now has 102 7-Eleven stores. ==== Former locations: Norway and Sweden ==== 7-Eleven was present in Norway until the closure of Norwegian stores in 2006. 7-Eleven entered Sweden in the mid-1980s. At that time, Sweden was facing an economical crisis that forced them to cease operations in Sweden. 7-Eleven later returned to Sweden in 1993 with their first branch in Stockholm. However, a month after the death of the franchisee, 7-Eleven closed in Sweden in 2001. === North America === ==== Canada ==== [[File:Ontario 7-Eleven.jpg|thumb|A 7-Eleven store with petrol station in [[Woodstock, Ontario]], Canada]] The first 7-Eleven store to open in Canada was in [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], on June 29, 1969. There are 640 7-Eleven stores in Canada {{as of|2017|lc=y}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://corp.7-eleven.com/AboutUs/InternationalLicensing/tabid/115/Default.aspx |title=7-Eleven – International Licensing |publisher=Corp.7-eleven.com |date=January 1, 2010 |access-date=August 8, 2010| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100806134055/http://corp.7-eleven.com/AboutUs/InternationalLicensing/tabid/115/Default.aspx| archive-date= August 6, 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> [[Winnipeg]], [[Manitoba]], has the world's largest number of [[Slurpee]] consumers, with an estimated 1,500,000 Slurpees sold since the first 7-Eleven opened on March 21, 1970.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://corp.7-eleven.com/corp/about#convenient_facts|title=Convenient Facts - 7-Eleven Corporate|website=corp.7-eleven.com|access-date=January 27, 2017}}</ref> All 7-Eleven locations in Canada are corporate operated.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://franchise.7-eleven.com/index.php/a-strong-brand |title=7-Eleven – A Strong Brand |publisher=Franchise.7-eleven.com |access-date=August 8, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101114231706/http://www.franchise.7-eleven.com/index.php/a-strong-brand |archive-date=November 14, 2010 }}</ref> Like its U.S. counterparts every July 11 the stores offer free [[Slurpee]]s on "7-Eleven Day". A limited number of 7-Eleven locations feature [[filling station|gas station]]s from [[Shell Canada]], [[Petro-Canada]], or [[Esso]]. In November 2005, 7-Eleven started offering the Speak Out Wireless cellphone service in Canada. 7-Eleven locations also featured [[Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce|CIBC]] [[Automated teller machine|ATM]]s{{emdash}}in June 2012, these machines were replaced with ATMs operated by [[Scotiabank]]. 7-Eleven abandoned the [[Ottawa]], [[Ontario]], market in December 2009 after selling its six outlets to [[Quickie Convenience Stores]], a regional chain. Following concerns over the fate of Speak Out Wireless customers, Quickie offered to assume existing SpeakOut customers and phones into its Good2Go cellphone program.<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://csnews.com/international-news-7-eleven-exits-ottawa-sale-quickie-c-stores | title=International News: 7-Eleven Exits Ottawa with Sale to Quickie C-stores |work=Convenience Store News | date=October 30, 2009 | access-date=April 9, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.quickiestores.com/pg_CompanyNewsDetails.php?int_ArticleItemId=14&str_Evt=evt_LnkPgArticleItem_Select | title=Attention... Speak Out Customers are Good 2 Go... |publisher=Quickie | access-date=December 12, 2009}}</ref> 7-Eleven is similarly absent from the [[Quebec]] market due to its saturation by chains like [[Alimentation Couche-Tard]] and [[Boni-soir]], and by independent [[dépanneur]]s. In March 2016, 7-Eleven acquired 148 [[Imperial Oil]]-owned Esso gas stations in Alberta and British Columbia for C$2.8&nbsp;billion. Most of their convenience stores were converted to 7-Eleven stores, and they remain supplied by Esso. Some locations were not converted to 7-Eleven; these locations operate under the transitional banner "smartstop 24/7" with their existing store formats, typically inherited from the previous [[On the Run (convenience store)|On the Run]] chain.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Exciting the Market|url=https://issuu.com/ensembleiq/docs/csnc_mar_19_fa3f064e4361b4/12|journal=Octane|volume=March 2019|pages=12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://calgaryherald.com/business/energy/esso-stations-to-sprout-7-eleven-stores-thanks-to-2-8-billion-gas-bar-megadeal|title=Esso stations to sprout 7-Eleven stores thanks to $2.8-billion gas bar megadeal|date=March 9, 2016|work=Calgary Herald|access-date=August 6, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> ==== Mexico ==== [[File:7 ELEVEN Zapopán centro.jpg|thumb|alt=7 ELEVEN Zapopán centro|7 eleven in Mexico]] In [[Mexico]], the first 7-Eleven store opened in 1976 in [[Monterrey]] in association with Grupo Chapa (now Iconn) and 7-Eleven, Inc. under the name Super 7. In 1995, Super 7 was renamed to 7-Eleven, which now has 1,835 stores in several areas of the country. When stores are located within classically designed buildings (such as in Centro Histórico buildings) or important landmarks, the storefront logo is displayed in monochrome with gold or silver lettering. ==== United States ==== [[File:Gulf7eleven.jpg|thumb|A 7-Eleven store [[Brand alliances|cobranded]] with [[Gulf Oil LP|Gulf Oil]] for gasoline sales in [[Ellwood City, Pennsylvania]], U.S.]] Supermarket News ranked 7-Eleven's North American operations No. 11 in the 2007 "Top 75 North American Food Retailers," based on the 2006 fiscal year estimated sales of US$15.0&nbsp;billion.<ref name="2007 SN">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070307021209/http://www.supermarketnews.com/sns-top-75/ 2007 Top 75 North American Food Retailers], ''[[Supermarket News]]''. Retrieved February 24, 2007.</ref> Based on the 2005 revenue, 7-Eleven is the 24th largest retailer in the United States.<ref>[http://www.stores.org/pdf/06%20JULY%20TOP%20100.pdf Top 100 Retailers: The Nation's Retail Power Players (PDF)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070808215354/http://www.stores.org/pdf/06%20JULY%20TOP%20100.pdf |date=August 8, 2007 }}, ''Stores'', July 2006.</ref> {{as of|2013}}, 8,144 7-Eleven franchised units exist across the United States. Franchise fees range between US$10,000 – $1,000,000 and the ongoing royalty rate varies.<ref>{{cite web|title=7-Eleven Inc.|url=http://www.entrepreneur.com/franchises/7eleveninc/282052-0.html|work=Entrepreneur|publisher=Entrepreneur Media, Inc|access-date=November 10, 2013|year=2013}}</ref> 7-Eleven America has its headquarters in the Cypress Waters development in Irving, [[Texas]].<ref>"[http://www.cbre.com/NR/rdonlyres/1C0F25B8-CDBC-4839-AE4B-77AFEF021249/0/SoCalCBRE724logo.pdf 7-Eleven, Inc. Announces Aggressive Growth Plans Throughout SoCal] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708124701/http://www.cbre.com/NR/rdonlyres/1C0F25B8-CDBC-4839-AE4B-77AFEF021249/0/SoCalCBRE724logo.pdf |date=July 8, 2011 }}." 7-Eleven. Retrieved on November 15, 2009.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/dallas/news/2015/06/15/7-eleven-gets-41-5m-loan-for-new-irving-corporate.html|title=7-Eleven's new Irving corporate headquarters campus gets $41.5M loan - Dallas Business Journal|access-date=July 3, 2016}}</ref> Small-size Slurpees are free on "7-Eleven Day", on July 11. This holiday first became widely celebrated on July 11, 2008 when first discovered by J. Brabank and C. Johnson. One exception is 2020, when the [[COVID-19 pandemic]] caused that year's cancellation. 7 Rewards members get a free medium Slurpee in their app to use in July that year. 7-Eleven Stores of Oklahoma have operated independently since 1953 under an agreement with William Brown. It is now led by his son, James Brown.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cspnet.com/industry-news-analysis/top-convenience-stores/retailer/7-eleven-stores-oklahoma-2016|title=7-Eleven Stores of Oklahoma|work=CSP Daily News|access-date=March 21, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160403002616/http://www.cspnet.com/industry-news-analysis/top-convenience-stores/retailer/7-eleven-stores-oklahoma-2016|archive-date=April 3, 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> As part of this franchise agreement, 7-Elevens in Oklahoma bear slight differences to stores elsewhere: for instance, products such as Big Bite hot dogs are not sold there, the Slurpee is branded as the "Icy Drink", and Oklahoma stores operate their own loyalty program called "Thx!", which does not intersect with the national 7Rewards system. On March 2, 2020, 7-Eleven, Inc. announced it had officially closed on the acquisition of over 100 of these independently operated 7-Eleven stores in Oklahoma. All of these 100 stores were in the greater Oklahoma City metropolitan area. This acquisition increased the total number of 7-Eleven stores in the US and Canada to nearly 9800.<ref>{{Cite web|date=March 2, 2020|title=7-Eleven, Inc. Completes Acquisition of Independent Oklahoma Stores|url=https://corp.7-eleven.com/corp-press-releases/03-02-2020-7-eleven-inc-completes-acquisition-of-independent-oklahoma-stores|access-date=2020-10-06|website=corp.7-eleven.com|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lindenberg|first=Greg|date=January 17, 2020|title=7-Eleven Inc. to Acquire 7-Eleven Stores in Oklahoma|url=https://www.cspdailynews.com/mergers-acquisitions/7-eleven-inc-acquire-7-eleven-stores-oklahoma|access-date=2020-10-06|website=CSP Daily News|language=en}}</ref> ===== Fuel ===== In the U.S., many 7-Eleven locations used to have filling stations with gasoline distributed by [[Citgo]], which in 1983 was purchased by Southland Corporation. 50% of Citgo was sold in 1986 to [[Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A.]], and the remaining 50% was acquired in 1990. Although Citgo was the predominant partner of 7-Eleven, other oil companies are also co-branded with 7-Eleven, including [[Petrofina|Fina]], [[Exxon]], [[Gulf Oil LP|Gulf]], [[Marathon Oil|Marathon]], [[BP]], [[Shell Oil Company|Shell]], [[Chevron Corporation|Chevron]] (some former TETCO convenience stores were co-branded with Chevron, and [[Texaco]] prior to the 7-Eleven purchase in late 2012), and [[Pennzoil]]. [[Conoco]] is the largest 7-Eleven licensee in North America.<ref>{{cite book|title= Energy Industry Almanac 2007: Energy Industry Market Research, Statistics, Trends & Leading Companies|date=2006|publisher=Plunket Research, Ltd.}}</ref> 7-Eleven signed an agreement with ExxonMobil in December 2010 for the acquisition of 183 sites in Florida. This was followed by the acquisition of 51 ExxonMobil sites in [[North Texas]] in August 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cstoredecisions.com/2010/12/09/7-eleven-buys-183-exxonmobil-locations-in-florida/|title=7-Eleven Buys 183 ExxonMobil Locations in Florida|work=Convenience Store Decisions|publisher=Harbor Communications|access-date=June 7, 2016|date=December 9, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=7-Eleven® Signs Agreement with ExxonMobil To Acquire 51 North Texas Locations Retailer Continues Accelerated Store Growth |url=http://corp.7-eleven.com/Newsroom/2011NewsReleases/7ElevenSignsAgreementwithExxonMobil/tabid/493/Default.aspx |work=7-Eleven News Room |publisher=7-Eleven, Inc |access-date=November 10, 2013 |date=August 16, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110090644/http://corp.7-eleven.com/Newsroom/2011NewsReleases/7ElevenSignsAgreementwithExxonMobil/tabid/493/Default.aspx |archive-date=November 10, 2013 }}</ref> On August 2, 2020, Seven & I Holdings announced to buy [[Speedway LLC]] for $21&nbsp;billion.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Krauss |first1=Clifford |title=Marathon Is Selling Speedway Gas Stations to 7-Eleven's Parent for $21 Billion |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/02/business/marathon-petroleum-speedway-7-11.html |access-date=August 3, 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=August 2, 2020}}</ref> === Oceania === [[File:190 Bourke Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000.jpg|thumb|A 7-Eleven store in [[Melbourne, VIC]], Australia (2018)]] ==== Australia ==== The first 7-Eleven in Australia opened on August 24, 1977, in the Melbourne suburb of [[Oakleigh, Victoria]]. The majority of stores are located in metropolitan areas, particularly in central business district areas. Stores in suburban areas often operate as [[petrol station]]s and most are owned and operated as franchises, with a central administration. 7-Eleven bought [[Mobil]]'s remaining Australian petrol stations in 2010,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ker |first1=Peter |title=Mobil name goes back on 7-Eleven stations |url=https://www.smh.com.au/business/mobil-name-goes-back-on-7eleven-stations-20140109-30kds.html |access-date=23 October 2020 |work=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |publisher=[[Nine Entertainment Co.]] |date=10 January 2014}}</ref> converting them to 7-Eleven outlets, resulting in an immediate and unprecedented overnight major expansion of the brand. In South Australia all Mobil petrol stations were sold to [[Peregrine Corporation]] and branded as [[On the Run (convenience store)|On the Run]] petrol stations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.7eleven.com.au/media-centre/article/7-eleven-acquires-mobil-retail-fuels-business|title=7-Eleven Acquires Mobil Retail Fuels Business|access-date=October 29, 2016|archive-date=March 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319223558/https://www.7eleven.com.au/media-centre/article/7-eleven-acquires-mobil-retail-fuels-business|url-status=dead}}</ref> 7-Eleven stores in Australia sell a wide range of items, including daily newspapers, drinks, confectionery, and [[snack food]]s. They sell [[gift card]]s, including three types of pre-paid [[Visa Inc.|Visa]] cards. The chain has partnered with BankWest, placing a BankWest [[Automated teller machine|ATM]] in each of their stores nationwide. Each year on November 7, 7-Eleven promotes "7-Eleven Day" by giving away a free [[Slurpee]] to customers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slurpee.com.au/news/view/happy-7-eleven-day |title=Slurpee News: HAPPY 7-ELEVEN DAY! |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120130001143/http://www.slurpee.com.au/news/view/happy-7-eleven-day |archive-date=January 30, 2012 }}</ref> In April 2014, 7-Eleven announced plans to start operating stores in Western Australia, with 11 stores planned to operate within the first year and a total of 75 stores established within five years. The first store was opened on October 30, 2014 in the city of [[Fremantle]].<ref>{{cite web|title=First 7-Eleven in WA to open in October|url=http://www.7eleven.com.au/media-centre/article/first-7-eleven-in-wa-to-open-in-october|website=7-Eleven|publisher=7-Eleven Stores Pty. Ltd|access-date=January 16, 2015|date=September 10, 2014|archive-date=March 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319222859/https://www.7eleven.com.au/media-centre/article/first-7-eleven-in-wa-to-open-in-october|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=7-Eleven opens first WA store|url=http://www.franchisebusiness.com.au/news/7-eleven-opens-first-wa-store|website=Franchise Business|publisher=Franchise Business|access-date=January 16, 2015|date=October 31, 2014}}</ref> The country has 675 stores as of January 2018. ===== Wage theft ===== In August 2015, [[Fairfax Media]] and the [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC's]] ''[[Four Corners (Australian TV program)|Four Corners]]'' programme reported on the employment practices of certain 7-Eleven franchisees in Australia.<ref name="smh1">{{cite news|last1=Ferguson|first1=Adele|last2=Danckert|first2=Sarah|last3=Klaus|first3=Toft|title=7-Eleven: Investigation exposes shocking exploitation of convenience store workers|url=http://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/7eleven-investigation-exposes-shocking-exploitation-of-convenience-store-workers-20150828-gja276.html|access-date=October 2, 2015|work=[[Sydney Morning Herald]] |publisher=Nine Entertainment Co. |date=August 29, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=7-Eleven – A sweatshop on every corner|url=http://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/7eleven-a-sweatshop-on-every-corner-20150827-gj8vzn.html|date=August 28, 2015}}</ref> The investigation found that many 7-Eleven employees were being underpaid at rates of around [[Australian dollar|A$]]10 to A$14 per hour before tax, well under the legally-required minimum [[Industrial award|award rate]] of A$24.69 per hour.<ref name="smh1" /> Franchisees underpaying their staff would typically maintain rosters and pay records that would appear to show the employee being paid the legally-required rate; however, these records would in fact only include half of the hours the employee actually worked in a week. Employees would then be paid on the basis of these records, resulting in them effectively being paid half the legally-required rate.<ref name="smh1" /> It was also reported that workers were often not paid loadings and [[Public holidays in Australia#Penalty rates|penalty rates]] that they are legally entitled to, for working overtime hours, nights, weekends, and public holidays.<ref name="smh1" /> After these reports came to light and received widespread attention, some employees had alleged to Fairfax Media that they had begun to be paid correctly through the 7-Eleven payroll system; however, they would then be asked by the franchisee to pay back half their wages in cash.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ferguson|first1=Adele|title=7-Eleven: Workers caught in cashback scam|url=http://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/7eleven-workers-caught-in-cashback-scam-20150907-gjh0kt.html|access-date=October 2, 2015|work=Sydney Morning Herald |publisher=Nine Entertainment Co. |date=September 8, 2015}}</ref> 7-Eleven subsequently announced they would fund an inquiry to investigate instances of wage fraud. The inquiry was conducted by an independent panel chaired by former [[Australian Competition & Consumer Commission]] chairman [[Allan Fels]], and with the support of professional services firm [[Deloitte]].<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ferguson|first1=Adele|last2=Danckert|first2=Sarah|title=7-Eleven: Allan Fels to lead wage scandal inquiry|url=http://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/7eleven-allan-fels-to-lead-wage-inquiry-20150903-gjehxu|access-date=October 2, 2015|work=Sydney Morning Herald |publisher=Nine Entertainment Co. }}</ref> The inquiry invited submissions from current and former 7-Eleven employees who allege they have been underpaid, and assess each individual claim.<ref>{{cite web|title=Fels to Chair 7-Eleven Independent Panel|url=http://www.7eleven.com.au/media-centre/article/fels-to-chair-7-eleven-independent-panel|website=7-Eleven Media Centre|publisher=7-Eleven Australia|access-date=October 2, 2015|archive-date=March 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200319222702/https://www.7eleven.com.au/media-centre/article/fels-to-chair-7-eleven-independent-panel|url-status=dead}}</ref> In September 2015, chairman Russ Withers and chief executive Warren Wilmot announced they would resign from the company. Deputy chairman Michael Smith replaced Withers, while Bob Baily was appointed as interim chief executive.<ref>{{cite news |archive-date=June 6, 2016 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20160606043129/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/7eleven-chairman-russ-withers-quits-chief-executive-resigns/news-story/5dfc2e799df16d4a31fe86dbd25a67ca |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/eleven-chairman-russ-withers-quits-chief-executive-resigns/story-e6frg6nf-1227550727425 |title=7-Eleven chairman Russ Withers quits, chief executive resigns |last=Roddan |first=Michael |work=[[The Australian]] |publisher=[[News Corp Australia]] |date=30 September 2015 |access-date=23 October 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Australia 7-Eleven chairman Russ Withers and chief executive Warren Wilmot resign |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2015/sep/30/australia-7-eleven-founder-russ-withers-resigns |access-date=23 October 2020 |work=[[The Guardian]] |publisher=[[Guardian Media Group]] |date=30 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Ferguson |first1=Adele |last2=Danckert |first2=Sarah |title=Russ Withers resigns from 7-Eleven board, CEO Warren Wilmot also stands down |url=https://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace/7eleven-russ-withers-resigns-from-board-ceo-warren-wilmot-also-stands-down-20150930-gjxw28.html |access-date=23 October 2020 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |publisher=Nine Entertainment Co. |date=1 October 2015}}</ref> The ''Four Corners'' investigation into 7-Eleven won a [[Walkley Awards|Walkley Award]] in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theage.com.au/victoria/age-journalists-recognised-at-walkley-awards-20151203-glf3dc.html|title=Age journalists recognised at Walkley awards|date=December 3, 2015|website=[[The Age]]|access-date=August 30, 2016}}</ref> In December 2015, Stewart Levitt of law firm Levitt Robinson Solicitors, who featured prominently in the ''Four Corners'' program, announced a potential [[class action lawsuit]] against 7-Eleven head office on behalf of franchisees who had allegedly been lured into signing on with 7-Eleven by false representations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://levittrobinson.com/7-eleven-class-action-looms-for-disaffected-franchisees/|title=7-Eleven Class Action Looms for Disaffected Franchisees|date=December 7, 2015|language=en-US|access-date=August 30, 2016|archive-date=April 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405023305/http://levittrobinson.com/7-eleven-class-action-looms-for-disaffected-franchisees/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The 7-Eleven has back paid nearly $179 AUD Million dollars in underpayment by 2018. == See also == * [[List of convenience stores]] * [[List of companies in Dallas]] {{portalbar|Companies|Supermarkets|Japan|United States}} == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == {{commons category}} {{Wikiquote}} * {{official website|www.7-eleven.com}} * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BeCyU-bNEz0 Historic Documentation] {{Convenience stores}} {{authority control}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2020}} [[Category:7-Eleven| ]] [[Category:Seven & I Holdings]] [[Category:American subsidiaries of foreign companies]] [[Category:Convenience stores of the United States]] [[Category:Fast-food chains of the United States]] [[Category:Gas stations in the United States]] [[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in the United States]] [[Category:Companies based in Irving, Texas]] [[Category:American companies established in 1927]] [[Category:Retail companies established in 1927]] [[Category:1927 establishments in California]] [[Category:Convenience stores of Japan]] [[Category:Convenience stores of the Philippines]] [[Category:Convenience stores of Singapore]] [[Category:Dairy Farm International Holdings]] [[Category:Private equity portfolio companies]] [[Category:2005 mergers and acquisitions]]'