Examine individual changes

'{{Short description|Italian-American luxury fashion house founded by fashion designer Tom Ford in 2005}} {{Use mdy dates|date=March 2021}} {{Infobox company | name = Tom Ford | trade_name = Tom Ford | logo = TomFordBrandLogo.png | logo_size = | type = [[private company]] | foundation = {{start date and age|2005}} | founder = [[Tom Ford]] | location_city = [[Madison Ave]], [[New York City|New York]] | location_country = [[United States]] <br> [[Italy]] ([[Manufacturing|production]]) | key_people = [[Tom Ford]] (Creative Director) <br> [[Domenico De Sole]] (Chairman) {{citation needed|date=February 2021}} | industry = [[Fashion industry|Fashion]] | products = [[ready-to-wear]] products, leather goods, shoes, fragrances and jewellery | revenue = {{Increase}}[[United States dollar|$]]654 million <ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.owler.com/company/tomford|title= Bio |website=www.owler.com|access-date=2021-02-13}}</ref> | net_income = | owner = [[Tom Ford]] | num_employees = | parent = | homepage = {{url|www.tomford.com}} | footnotes = }} '''Tom Ford SA''', stylized as '''TOM FORD''', is a [[luxury goods|luxury]] [[fashion house]] founded by fashion designer [[Tom Ford]] in 2005. Its product line ready-to-wear and [[made-to-measure]] products, as well as footwear, accessories, handbags, cosmetics, and fragrances.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vogue.co.uk/article/tom-ford-biography|title=Tom Ford|last=Taylor|first=Molly|website=[[British Vogue]]|date=April 22, 2008|access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref> ==History== In 2004, [[Tom Ford]] departed his role as Creative Director at [[Gucci]] that he had been in since 1994.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://articles.latimes.com/2006/feb/28/entertainment/et-quick28.2|title=Tom Ford to launch his own label|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|first=Mimi |last=Avins|date=February 28, 2006|access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref> Ford founded his own eponymous label in April 2005.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dqUXBgAAQBAJ&pg=PA320|title=The Road to Luxury: The Evolution, Markets, and Strategies of Luxury Brand Management|last1=Som|first1=Ashok|last2=Blanckaert|first2=Christian|page=320|publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]]|year=2015|isbn=9780470830024|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> The Tom Ford brand concept began in 2004 with the launch of cosmetics line followed by an eyewear collection.<ref name=gabi /> In 2005, he launched the Tom Ford Estée Lauder Collection of cosmetics for [[Estée Lauder Companies|Estée Lauder]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB111274933900599101|title=Estee Lauder Courts Tom Ford To Revive Brand|last=Beatty|first=Sally|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|date=April 6, 2005|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref><ref name="Singer2005">{{cite web|last=Singer|first=Natasha|date=November 5, 2005|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/05/business/estee-lauder-makes-a-play-for-youth.html|title=Estée Lauder Makes a Play for Youth|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref> In September 2010, Ford debuted his label's spring/summer women's ready-to-wear collection in a runway show at his New York City flagship boutique. The invitation-only event featured celebrity models such as [[Beyoncé]], [[Julianne Moore]], and [[Daphne Guinness]]. In November 2015, the brand opened its Miami flagship boutique in that city's [[Miami Design District|Design District]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Miami staff|date=November 3, 2015|url=https://www.miamiherald.com/miami-com/things-to-do/article224355600.html|title=Tom Ford’s Flagship Opens in Design District|newspaper=[[Miami Herald]]|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref> In November 2017, it opened its first beauty store in [[London]].<ref name=wwd2017>{{cite web|last=Strugatz|first=Rachel|date=November 17, 2017|title=Tom Ford Beauty: On Track to Hit $1 Billion, Opening First Store|url=https://wwd.com/beauty-industry-news/beauty-features/tom-ford-beauty-on-track-to-hit-2-billion-opening-first-store-11051675/|website=[[Women's Wear Daily]]|access-date=February 14, 2021}}</ref> As of 2017, Tom Ford Beauty, owned by [[Estée Lauder Companies|Estée Lauder]], estimated $1 billion in sales.<ref name=wwd2017 /> {{As of|2020}}, Tom Ford was the major shareholder of Tom Ford International, holding 63.75% of the shares.<ref name=gabi>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=denwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA121|title=Digitalization in the Luxury Fashion Industry: Strategic Branding for Millennial Consumers|last=Cabigiosu|first=Anna|page=121|publisher=[[Springer Nature]]|year=2020|isbn=9783030488109|via=[[Google Books]]}}</ref> Ford and his brand have been criticized for using naked women in various advertising campaigns. Various journalists asserted that the ads were vulgar, sexist, or objectified women. One ad featured a nude woman holding a bottle of perfume between her legs. Another featured a naked woman ironing a man's pants while he read a newspaper. A separate ad was banned in Italy. Responding to criticism that he objectified women, Ford stated he is an "equal opportunity objectifier" and is "just as happy to objectify men". He argued "you can't show male nudity in our culture in the way you can show female nudity" and pointed out that he did a male nude ad while at Yves Saint Laurent which was pulled from circulation In 2014, Ford released a new product, called the "Penis Pendant Necklace". The product caused some controversy, with Christians calling it offensive due to the pendant being shaped similar to a Christian cross or crucifix. Ford replied that "it was not meant to be a cross, it was a phallus" and "people read into things what they want to". ==Tom Ford Beauty== The first fragrance to be released by the Tom Ford label was Black Orchid in 2006. The fragrance is an oriental floral featuring notes of chocolate, vanilla, ylang ylang and truffle. In 2007, the Private Blend collection of fragrances were introduced by Tom Ford Beauty that featured more experimental and [[Niche perfume|niche]]-quality fragrances at a higher price point. Tom Ford has described Private Blend as his "own personal scent laboratory".<ref>{{cite web |title=“Private Blend is my own personal scent laboratory.” {{|}} PRIVATE BLEND {{|}} TOM FORD |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pEdWlivdR-s |website=YouTube |access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref> At his Spring/Summer 2018 collection runway show, held in September 2017 as part of [[New York Fashion Week]], Tom Ford garnered media attention for unveiling a new Private Blend fragrance titled "Fucking Fabulous".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Reed |first1=Sam |date=September 1, 2017 |title=Tom Ford's New Fragrance Is "F—ing Fabulous" |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/tom-fords-fucking-fabulous-perfume-1034571 |website=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref> Tom Ford faced reluctance from Estée Lauder in naming the fragrance with Ford himself saying that "First of all, they didn’t even want to launch it" and that he had to insist on the name because "I knew it would be a hit with that name".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Darcella |first1=Aria |date=October 24, 2018 |title=Tom Ford's Perfume Almost Didn't Get Its Fucking Fabulous Name |url=https://fashionweekdaily.com/tom-ford-fucking-fabulous-interview/ |website=[[The Daily Front Row]]|access-date=February 19, 2021}}</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== * {{Official|https://www.tomford.com/}} [[Category:American companies established in 2005]] [[Category:Clothing brands of the United States]] {{Brand-stub}}'