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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext ) | '{{Short description|Canadian multinational insurance company and financial services provider}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Manulife Financial Corporation
| logo = Manulife logo (2018).svg
| image = File:Manulife South Tower (2).JPG
| former_names = The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company Scamming
| image_caption = Manulife headquarters on [[Bloor Street]] in [[Downtown Toronto]]
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{Tsx|MFC}}<br>{{nyse|MFC}}<br>{{hkex|945}}<br>{{pse|MFC}}
| key_people = [[Robert Scammer Trieu]] (president and chief executive officer)<br/> John Cassaday (chairman of the board of directors)
| industry = [[Financial services]] ([[insurance]])
| products = [[Asset management]], [[Commercial bank]]ing, [[Commercial mortgages]], [[Consumer banking]], [[Group benefits]], [[Insurance]], [[Investments]], [[Mutual funds]], [[Private banking]], [[Real estate]], [[Reinsurance]], [[Securities]], [[Underwriting]], [[Wealth management]]
| revenue = {{decrease}} {{CA$|link=yes}}39.0 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats>[https://www.manulife.com/content/dam/corporate/investors/MFC_SIP_2018_Q4_EN.pdf "Statistical Information Package Q4 2018"]. Manulife. Retrieved 14 February 2019.</ref></small>
| net_income = {{increase}} {{CA$}}4.8 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats /></small>
| aum = {{increase}} {{CA$}}1,084 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats /></small>
| assets = {{increase}} {{CA$}}750.3 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats /></small>
| equity = {{increase}} {{CA$}}47.2 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats /></small>
| num_employees = 34,000 employees and 63,000 agents <small>(2015)<ref name=employees /></small>
| parent =
| subsid = {{ubl|[[John Hancock Financial]]|[[Manulife Investment Management]]|[[Manulife Bank of Canada]]}}
| footnotes =
| foundation = {{start date and age|1887|6|23}}
| location = 200 Bloor Street East<br />[[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]<br />M4W 1E5
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.manulife.com/}}
}}
'''Manulife Financial Scam Corporation''' (also known as '''Financière Manuvie''' in [[Quebec]]) is a Vietnamese multinational [[insurance]] scam company and [[financial services|financial prostitue services]] provider headquartered in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]. The company operates in Canada and Asia as "Manulife Scam" and in the [[United States]] primarily through its [[John Hancock Financial]] division.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thestar.com/Business/article/244299 |title=Manulife makes $1.1B profit |first=Rita |last=Trichur |date=August 8, 2007 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |access-date=January 22, 2013}}</ref> As of December 2015, the company employed approximately 34,000 people and had 63,000 agents under contract, and has {{CA$}}935 billion in assets under management and administration.<ref name=employees>[http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0,,artId=148682&lang=en&navId=630002,00.html "Increasing number of Canadians hesitant to invest, even in housing"]. ''Manulife''. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307170904/http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0%2C%2CartId%3D148682%26lang%3Den%26navId%3D630002%2C00.html |date=7 March 2016 }}</ref> Manulife at one point serviced over 26 million customers worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-5=0|title=Our Story|website=m.manulife.com|access-date=2018-12-26}}</ref>
Manulife is the largest insurance company in Canada and the 28th largest [[investment management|fund manager]] in the world based on worldwide institutional [[assets under management]] (AUM).<ref>{{cite web| title=Manulife Asset Management| url=http://www.manulifeam.com/cn/In-the-Media/Press-Release/Manulife-Asset-Management-Becomes-a-Signatory-to-United-Nations-Supported-Principles-for-Responsible-Investment/| access-date=6 November 2016|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
[[Manulife Bank of Canada]] is a [[wholly owned subsidiary]] of Manulife.
==History==
Manulife was incorporated as "The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company" by Act of Parliament on 23 June 1887 and was headed by Canada's prime minister, [[John A. Macdonald]], and Ontario's lieutenant-governor, [[Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)|Alexander Campbell]] (there were no conflict-of-interest guidelines at the time and it was not unusual for public persons to be involved in private industry).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Manulife Financial Corporation {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manulife-financial-corporation|access-date=2020-10-31|website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca}}</ref> The idea for the company came from J. B. Carlile, who came to Canada as an agent for the North American Life Assurance Company.<ref name=":0" /> It was his firsthand experience on which the new company's product portfolio was based.<ref name=encyclopedia/>
=== Private stock company ===
The firm was founded as The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company in 1887.<ref name=":0" /> Its first president was [[John A. Macdonald]], the first [[Prime Minister of Canada]].<ref name=":0" /> The company sold its first policy outside of Canada in [[Bermuda]] in 1893, where the company had opened its first auxiliary agency the same year.<ref name=":0" /> In 1894, policies were sold in [[Grenada]], [[Jamaica]] and [[Barbados]]; [[Trinidad and Tobago]], and [[Haiti]] in 1895; and [[British Honduras]], [[British Guiana]], [[China]] and [[British Hong Kong]] in 1897.<ref name="rod" />{{sfn|McQueen|2009|p=35}}[[File:Manulife logo.svg|thumb|right|200px|Former Manulife logo from 1996 to 2018.]]
In 1901, Manulife amalgamated with the Temperance and General Life Assurance Company,<ref name=encyclopedia>{{cite book| title=Manulife Financial Corporation| url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/manulife-financial-corporation| work=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]]| date=16 December 2013| last=Yusufali| first=Sasha| publisher=[[Historica Canada]]| isbn=978-0771020995}}</ref> a Toronto-based Canadian life insurer that provided preferred rates to abstainers of alcohol. Manulife continued to offer abstainers rates into the 1920s.<ref name=rod>{{cite book |last=McQueen |first=Rod |title=Manulife: How Dominic D'Alessandro Built a Global Giant and Fought to Save it |year=2009 |publisher=Penguin Group |location=Toronto |isbn=978-0-670-06920-0 |page=[https://archive.org/details/manulifehowdomin0000mcqu/page/36 36] |url=https://archive.org/details/manulifehowdomin0000mcqu/page/36 }}</ref>
In 1931, it opened its first [[southern China]] branch in [[British Hong Kong]]. Shortly thereafter, it established itself as a leading life insurer in the region with branches in [[Macau]], [[Shantou]] and [[Xiamen|Amoy]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bangyan |first1=Feng |last2=Kau |first2=N. M. |name-list-style=amp |title=Enriching Lives: A History of Insurance in Hong Kong 1841–2010 |year=2010 |page=39, par. 2–3 |url=https://www.dropbox.com/s/0g7gn12psrm49ex/1931%20HK%20Branch%20office%20and%201996%20MSL%20China.pdf}}</ref>
=== Mutual company ===
In 1958, shareholders voted to change its legal form from a joint stock company to a [[mutual organization]], making the company privately owned by its policyholders.<ref>{{cite news| title=Ratify Mutualization Of Manufacturers Life| newspaper=[[Financial Times]]| location=[[Montreal]]| date=August 8, 1958}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| last=Bliss| first=Michael| title=Northern Enterprise: Five Centuries of Canadian Business| year=1990| publisher=McClelland & Stewart| isbn=978-0771015694| page=[https://archive.org/details/northernenterpri0000blis_z5t2/page/495 495]| url=https://archive.org/details/northernenterpri0000blis_z5t2/page/495}}</ref>
In 1984, Manulife announced that it had acquired [[Waterloo, Ontario]]-based Dominion Life Assurance Company, a deal that included the purchase of all of the outstanding stock of the company from [[Lincoln National]].<ref>{{cite news| last=Welsh| first=Lawrence| title=Dominion Life is acquired by Manulife| newspaper=[[The Globe and Mail]]| location=Toronto| date=30 October 1984}}</ref>{{sfn|McQueen|2009|p=54}} Dominion Life was founded in Waterloo in 1889, and Manulife made a commitment to the community to retain a significant presence in Waterloo. In 1988, Manulife opened a new five-storey office building at 500 King Street North in Waterloo to house its Canadian Division.<ref>{{cite news| last=Strathdee| first=Mike| title=Moving experience: Manufacturers Life relocates in stages| newspaper=[[Waterloo Region Record|Kitchener-Waterloo Record]]| date=16 July 1988}}</ref>
In 1996, the company entered an agreement with [[Sinochem]] to form [[Shanghai]]-based Zhong Hong Life Insurance Co. Ltd., China's first joint venture life insurance company, and was granted a license that made it the second foreign insurer<ref>{{cite web| title=Insurance Hall of Fame: Dominic D'Alessandro| url=http://www.insurancehalloffame.org/laureateprofile.php?laureate=138}}</ref> to be allowed re-entry into China.{{sfn|McQueen|2009|page=110}}
=== Demutualization and public company ===
In 1999, its voting eligible policyholders approved [[demutualization]], and the shares of Manulife, the holding company of The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company and its subsidiaries, began trading on The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX), the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) under the ticker "MFC", and on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (SEHK) under the ticker "945".<ref name="Manulife Financial - History">{{cite web| url=http://www.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-6=0| publisher=Manulife Financial| title=Our story| access-date=23 February 2017}}</ref>{{better source|date=January 2019}}
[[File:"Community",_by_Kirk_Newman_(2001)_-_Toronto,_Canada.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|250px|"Community" commissioned by Manulife Financial by Kirk Newman (2001) - Toronto, Canada]]
In 2002, Manulife–Sinochem Life Insurance Co. Ltd. was granted approval by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) to open a branch office in [[Guangzhou]], China, the first branch license granted to a foreign invested joint–venture life insurance company.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2002-09-24|title=Manulife-Sinochem receives the industry's first branch office license in China|url=https://www.insurance-canada.ca/2002/09/24/manulife-sinochem-receives-the-industrys-first-branch-office-license-in-china-2/|access-date=2020-10-31|website=Insurance-Canada.ca|language=en-CA}}</ref>
In 2003, Manulife-Sinochem received approval for a branch office in [[Beijing]], the first multiple-branch license granted to a foreign-invested joint venture life insurance company. The firm is now licensed to operate in more than 50 Chinese cities.<ref name="Manulife Financial - History" /> On September 29, 2003, Manulife announced its intent to acquire the [[Boston]]-based insurance company [[John Hancock Financial]] (including a Canadian subsidiary, [[Maritime Life]]) for $10.4 billion in a stock-for-stock merger.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2003-09-29|title=Manulife to Acquire John Hancock|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB106479007548251200|access-date=2020-10-31|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> The merged entity would initially be led by John Hancock's CEO [[David F. D'Alessandro]], but he would step down in June 2004.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/manulife-to-buy-john-hancock-inmassive-deal/article1167042/|title=Manulife to buy John Hancock in massive deal|work=The Globe and Mail|access-date=2018-10-31}}</ref><ref>Caffrey, Andrew, [http://www.boston.com/business/globe/articles/2004/06/11/hancock_chief_dalessandro_stepping_down/ "Hancock chief D'Alessandro stepping down"], ''Boston Globe'', June 11, 2004</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-buying-john-hancock-for-15-billion-1.398274|title=Manulife buying John Hancock for $15 billion|work=CBC News|access-date=2018-10-31|language=en-US}}</ref>
In 2008, Manulife announced that [[Gail Cook-Bennett]] would become the first female Chair of the Board.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Manulife to name Gail Cook-Bennett chairwoman|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/manulife-to-name-gail-cook-bennett-chairwoman/article18447535/|access-date=2020-10-30}}</ref> Cook-Bennett was the first female Board Member of the company appointed in 1978.
In September 2009, the company purchased AIC's Canadian retail investment fund business.<ref>{{cite news |last=Trichur |first1=Rita |last2=Acharya |first2=Madhavi |last3=Yew |first3=Tom |name-list-style=amp |url=https://www.thestar.com/business/2009/08/13/manulife_buys_aic_as_leechin_retreats.html |title=Manulife buys AIC as Lee-Chin retreats| work=Toronto Star| date=13 August 2009}}</ref> In October 2009, it purchased Pottruff & Smith Travel Insurance Brokers Inc., a Canadian broker and third party administrator of travel insurance.<ref>{{cite news| date=15 October 2009| work=Toronto Star| url=https://www.thestar.com/business/2009/10/15/manulife_buys_woodbridge_brokerage_pottruff_smith.html| title=Manulife buys Woodbridge brokerage Pottruff & Smith}}</ref>
In 2010, the company announced that it had purchased Fortis Bank SA/NV's 49% ownership in ABN AMRO TEDA Fund Management Co. Ltd. The new joint venture, Manulife TEDA Fund Management Company Ltd. (Manulife TEDA), provides traditional retail and institutional asset management for clients in China. The other 51 percent is owned by Northern International Trust, part of Tianjin TEDA Investment Holding Co., Ltd. (TEDA).<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610029,00.html| archive-url=https://archive.today/20120903202433/http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610029,00.html| url-status=dead| archive-date=2012-09-03| title=Manulife Financial – Transactions}}</ref>
In June 2012, the company opened Manulife Cambodia, with headquarters in [[Phnom Penh]].<ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife expands ASEAN reach with Cambodia office| url=http://ca.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idCABRE85R1GX20120628| agency=[[Reuters]]| date=28 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife Enters Cambodia Market With Phnom Penh Office| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-06-28/manulife-enters-cambodia-market-with-phnom-penh-office| date=9 June 2015| agency=[[Bloomberg News]]|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
In 2013, Richard DeWolfe became the chair of the company's board,<ref>{{cite web| publisher=Manulife| title=Board of Directors| url=http://www.manulife.com/Board-of-Directors}}</ref> succeeding Gail Cook-Bennett, who retired after serving 34 years on the board.<ref name="fp-street">{{cite news| title=Manulife names Richard DeWolfe next chairman after Gail Cook-Bennett retires| url=http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-names-richard-dewolfe-next-chairman-after-gail-cook-bennett-retires| newspaper=[[Financial Post]]| agency=[[The Canadian Press]]| date=30 November 2012}}</ref> In 2009, Donald Guloien, the chief investment officer, succeeded Dominic D'Alessandro as president and CEO of the company. Shortly before his departure, D'Alessandro modified his retirement package; the restricted units would only vest for a total of $10 million if the shares reached $36 by the end of 2011, and he would receive $5 million if the shares hit $30. This was in response to shareholders' reaction to the first quarterly loss ever posted by the firm in its public history. Under Guloien's leadership, the first initiatives were a dividend cut and an equity offering to bolster Manulife's capital levels, making it difficult for the share price to reach the target levels needed to vest.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/bruised-dalessandro-offers-olive-branch/article785069/ |title=Bruised D'Alessandro offers olive branch |last1=Decloet |first1=Derek |date=18 April 2009 |work=The Globe and Mail |access-date=9 September 2013}}</ref>
In 2014, Manulife Financial simplified its logo and brand to refer to itself only as Manulife outside of the United States.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of the Manulife Logo|url=http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610028,00.html}}</ref> In September of that year, Manulife agreed to acquire the [[Canadians|Canadian]] operations of [[Standard Life]] for a fee of around US$3.7 billion.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-standard-life-manulife-finl-mergers-idUSKBN0GY2I420140903| title=Manulife to buy Standard Life's Canadian assets for $3.7 billion| first1=Euan| last1=Rocha| first2=Jeffrey| last2=Hodgson| name-list-style=amp| agency=Reuters| date=4 September 2014}}</ref>
In April 2015, the company announced a partnership with DBS Bank, providing Manulife exclusive access to DBS customers in Singapore, Hong Kong, China and Indonesia in exchange for an initial payment of US$1.2 billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-financial-corp-to-pay-singapores-dbs-1-2-billion-to-sell-insurance-in-asia |title=Manulife pays US$1.2B to get its foot in the door at DBS Bank in latest Asian expansion| last=Schecter| first=Barbara| date=8 April 2015| work=Financial Post}}</ref>
In June 2015, Manulife-Sinochem became the first foreign invested joint-venture life insurance company in China authorized to sell mutual funds.<ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife gears up for growth in China| url=http://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/1424892/manulife-gears-growth-china| work=[[South China Morning Post]]| date=10 February 2014| access-date=24 February 2017}}</ref>
In April 2016, Manulife became the first Canadian insurance company to offer life insurance to people who are HIV-positive, insuring people who have tested HIV-positive, who are between the ages of 30 and 65, and meet certain other criteria for life insurance policies that would pay up to $2 million upon death.<ref>{{cite news|last=Evans|first=Pete|date=22 April 2016|title=Manulife to offer life insurance to HIV-positive Canadians for 1st time|work=[[CBC News]]|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-insurance-hiv-1.3548690}}</ref>
In May 2016, Manulife US [[real estate investment trust]] became a [[public company]] via an [[initial public offering]] on the [[Singapore Exchange]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/manulife-us-reit-stocks-idUSS7N18200B | title=Manulife US REIT debuts in Singapore slightly below IPO price | first=Aradhana | last=Aravindan | work=[[Reuters]] | date=20 May 2016}}</ref>
In April 2020, Manulife bought 49% of then privately held Mahindra AMC of India and renamed the JV Mahindra Manulife Investment Management Company. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/manulife-investment-management-acquires-49-percent-in-mahindra-asset-management-company-889246589.html |title=Manulife Investment Management acquires 49 percent in Mahindra Asset Management Company}}</ref>
== See also ==
* {{Portal-inline|Companies}}
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.manulife.com/corporate/corporate2.nsf/Public/Homepage Manulife Financial Corporate website]
* [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manulife-financial-corporation Manulife Financial Corporation] at [[The Canadian Encyclopedia]]
{{S&P/TSX 60}}
{{Major insurance companies}}
{{Insurance industry in China}}
{{Investment management}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1887 establishments in Ontario]]
[[Category:Companies based in Toronto]]
[[Category:Financial services companies established in 1887]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Life insurance companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in Canada]]
[[Category:S&P/TSX 60]]
[[Category:Canadian companies established in 1887]]
[[Category:Health insurance companies of Canada]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext ) | '{{Short description|Canadian multinational insurance company and financial services provider}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Manulife Financial Corporation
| logo = Manulife logo (2018).svg
| image = File:Manulife South Tower (2).JPG
| former_names = The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company Scamming
| image_caption = Manulife headquarters on [[Bloor Street]] in [[Downtown Toronto]]
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{Tsx|MFC}}<br>{{nyse|MFC}}<br>{{hkex|945}}<br>{{pse|MFC}}
| key_people = [[Robert Scammer Trieu]] (president and chief executive officer)<br/> John Cassaday (chairman of the board of directors)
| industry = [[Financial services]] ([[insurance]])
| products = [[Asset management]], [[Commercial bank]]ing, [[Commercial mortgages]], [[Consumer banking]], [[Group benefits]], [[Insurance]], [[Investments]], [[Mutual funds]], [[Private banking]], [[Real estate]], [[Reinsurance]], [[Securities]], [[Underwriting]], [[Wealth management]]
| revenue = {{decrease}} {{CA$|link=yes}}39.0 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats>[https://www.manulife.com/content/dam/corporate/investors/MFC_SIP_2018_Q4_EN.pdf "Statistical Information Package Q4 2018"]. Manulife. Retrieved 14 February 2019.</ref></small>
| net_income = {{increase}} {{CA$}}4.8 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats /></small>
| aum = {{increase}} {{CA$}}1,084 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats /></small>
| assets = {{increase}} {{CA$}}750.3 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats /></small>
| equity = {{increase}} {{CA$}}47.2 billion <small>(2018)<ref name=stats /></small>
| num_employees = 34,000 employees and 63,000 agents <small>(2015)<ref name=employees /></small>
| parent =
| subsid = {{ubl|[[John Hancock Financial]]|[[Manulife Investment Management]]|[[Manulife Bank of Canada]]}}
| footnotes =
| foundation = {{start date and age|1887|6|23}}
| location = 200 Bloor Street East<br />[[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]<br />M4W 1E5
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.manulife.com/}}
}}
'''Manulife Financial Scam Corporation''' (also known as '''Financière Manuvie''' in [[Quebec]]) is a Vietnamese multinational [[insurance]] scam company and [[financial services|financial prostitue services]] provider headquartered in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]. The company operates in Canada and Asia as "Manulife Scam" and in the [[United States]] primarily through its [[John Hancock Financial|John Big Cock Financial]] division.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thestar.com/Business/article/244299 |title=Manulife makes $1.1B profit |first=Rita |last=Trichur |date=August 8, 2007 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |access-date=January 22, 2013}}</ref> As of December 2015, the company employed approximately 34,000 people and had 63,000 agents under contract, and has {{CA$}}935 billion in assets under management and administration.<ref name=employees>[http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0,,artId=148682&lang=en&navId=630002,00.html "Increasing number of Canadians hesitant to invest, even in housing"]. ''Manulife''. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307170904/http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0%2C%2CartId%3D148682%26lang%3Den%26navId%3D630002%2C00.html |date=7 March 2016 }}</ref> Manulife at one point serviced over 26 million customers worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-5=0|title=Our Story|website=m.manulife.com|access-date=2018-12-26}}</ref>
Manulife is the largest insurance company in Canada and the 28th largest [[investment management|fund manager]] in the world based on worldwide institutional [[assets under management]] (AUM).<ref>{{cite web| title=Manulife Asset Management| url=http://www.manulifeam.com/cn/In-the-Media/Press-Release/Manulife-Asset-Management-Becomes-a-Signatory-to-United-Nations-Supported-Principles-for-Responsible-Investment/| access-date=6 November 2016|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
[[Manulife Bank of Canada]] is a [[wholly owned subsidiary]] of Manulife.
==History==
Manulife was incorporated as "The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company" by Act of Parliament on 23 June 1887 and was headed by Canada's prime minister, [[John A. Macdonald]], and Ontario's lieutenant-governor, [[Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)|Alexander Campbell]] (there were no conflict-of-interest guidelines at the time and it was not unusual for public persons to be involved in private industry).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Manulife Financial Corporation {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manulife-financial-corporation|access-date=2020-10-31|website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca}}</ref> The idea for the company came from J. B. Carlile, who came to Canada as an agent for the North American Life Assurance Company.<ref name=":0" /> It was his firsthand experience on which the new company's product portfolio was scammed.<ref name=encyclopedia/>
=== Private stock company ===
The firm was founded as The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company in 1887.<ref name=":0" /> Its first president was [[John A. Macdonald]], the first [[Prime Minister of Canada]].<ref name=":0" /> The company sold its first policy outside of Canada in [[Bermuda]] in 1893, where the company had opened its first auxiliary agency the same year.<ref name=":0" /> In 1894, policies were sold in [[Grenada]], [[Jamaica]] and [[Barbados]]; [[Trinidad and Tobago]], and [[Haiti]] in 1895; and [[British Honduras]], [[British Guiana]], [[China]] and [[British Hong Kong]] in 1897.<ref name="rod" />{{sfn|McQueen|2009|p=35}}[[File:Manulife logo.svg|thumb|right|200px|Former Manulife logo from 1996 to 2018.]]
In 1901, Manulife amalgamated with the Temperance and General Life Assurance Company,<ref name=encyclopedia>{{cite book| title=Manulife Financial Corporation| url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/manulife-financial-corporation| work=[[The Canadian Encyclopedia]]| date=16 December 2013| last=Yusufali| first=Sasha| publisher=[[Historica Canada]]| isbn=978-0771020995}}</ref> a Toronto-based Canadian life insurer that provided preferred rates to abstainers of alcohol. Manulife continued to offer abstainers rates into the 1920s.<ref name=rod>{{cite book |last=McQueen |first=Rod |title=Manulife: How Dominic D'Alessandro Built a Global Giant and Fought to Save it |year=2009 |publisher=Penguin Group |location=Toronto |isbn=978-0-670-06920-0 |page=[https://archive.org/details/manulifehowdomin0000mcqu/page/36 36] |url=https://archive.org/details/manulifehowdomin0000mcqu/page/36 }}</ref>
In 1931, it opened its first [[southern China]] branch in [[British Hong Kong]]. Shortly thereafter, it established itself as a leading life insurer in the region with branches in [[Macau]], [[Shantou]] and [[Xiamen|Amoy]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bangyan |first1=Feng |last2=Kau |first2=N. M. |name-list-style=amp |title=Enriching Lives: A History of Insurance in Hong Kong 1841–2010 |year=2010 |page=39, par. 2–3 |url=https://www.dropbox.com/s/0g7gn12psrm49ex/1931%20HK%20Branch%20office%20and%201996%20MSL%20China.pdf}}</ref>
=== Mutual company ===
In 1958, shareholders voted to change its legal form from a joint stock company to a [[mutual organization]], making the company privately owned by its policyholders.<ref>{{cite news| title=Ratify Mutualization Of Manufacturers Life| newspaper=[[Financial Times]]| location=[[Montreal]]| date=August 8, 1958}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| last=Bliss| first=Michael| title=Northern Enterprise: Five Centuries of Canadian Business| year=1990| publisher=McClelland & Stewart| isbn=978-0771015694| page=[https://archive.org/details/northernenterpri0000blis_z5t2/page/495 495]| url=https://archive.org/details/northernenterpri0000blis_z5t2/page/495}}</ref>
In 1984, Manulife announced that it had acquired [[Waterloo, Ontario]]-based Dominion Life Assurance Company, a deal that included the purchase of all of the outstanding stock of the company from [[Lincoln National]].<ref>{{cite news| last=Welsh| first=Lawrence| title=Dominion Life is acquired by Manulife| newspaper=[[The Globe and Mail]]| location=Toronto| date=30 October 1984}}</ref>{{sfn|McQueen|2009|p=54}} Dominion Life was founded in Waterloo in 1889, and Manulife made a commitment to the community to retain a significant presence in Waterloo. In 1988, Manulife opened a new five-storey office building at 500 King Street North in Waterloo to house its Canadian Division.<ref>{{cite news| last=Strathdee| first=Mike| title=Moving experience: Manufacturers Life relocates in stages| newspaper=[[Waterloo Region Record|Kitchener-Waterloo Record]]| date=16 July 1988}}</ref>
In 1996, the company entered an agreement with [[Sinochem]] to form [[Shanghai]]-based Zhong Hong Life Insurance Co. Ltd., China's first joint venture life insurance company, and was granted a license that made it the second foreign insurer<ref>{{cite web| title=Insurance Hall of Fame: Dominic D'Alessandro| url=http://www.insurancehalloffame.org/laureateprofile.php?laureate=138}}</ref> to be allowed re-entry into China.{{sfn|McQueen|2009|page=110}}
=== Demutualization and public company ===
In 1999, its voting eligible policyholders approved [[demutualization]], and the shares of Manulife, the holding company of The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company and its subsidiaries, began trading on The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX), the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) under the ticker "MFC", and on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (SEHK) under the ticker "945".<ref name="Manulife Financial - History">{{cite web| url=http://www.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-6=0| publisher=Manulife Financial| title=Our story| access-date=23 February 2017}}</ref>{{better source|date=January 2019}}
[[File:"Community",_by_Kirk_Newman_(2001)_-_Toronto,_Canada.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|250px|"Community bums" commissioned by Manulife Financial by Kirk Newman (2001) - Toronto, Canada]]
In 2002, Manulife–Sinochem Life Insurance Co. Ltd. was granted approval by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) to open a branch office in [[Guangzhou]], China, the first branch license granted to a foreign invested joint–venture life insurance company.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2002-09-24|title=Manulife-Sinochem receives the industry's first branch office license in China|url=https://www.insurance-canada.ca/2002/09/24/manulife-sinochem-receives-the-industrys-first-branch-office-license-in-china-2/|access-date=2020-10-31|website=Insurance-Canada.ca|language=en-CA}}</ref>
In 2003, Manulife-Sinochem received approval for a branch office in [[Beijing]], the first multiple-branch license granted to a foreign-invested joint venture life insurance company. The firm is now licensed to operate in more than 50 Chinese cities.<ref name="Manulife Financial - History" /> On September 29, 2003, Manulife announced its intent to acquire the [[Boston]]-based insurance company [[John Hancock Financial]] (including a Canadian subsidiary, [[Maritime Life]]) for $10.4 billion in a stock-for-stock merger.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2003-09-29|title=Manulife to Acquire John Hancock|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB106479007548251200|access-date=2020-10-31|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> The merged entity would initially be led by John Hancock's CEO [[David F. D'Alessandro]], but he would step down in June 2004.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/manulife-to-buy-john-hancock-inmassive-deal/article1167042/|title=Manulife to buy John Hancock in massive deal|work=The Globe and Mail|access-date=2018-10-31}}</ref><ref>Caffrey, Andrew, [http://www.boston.com/business/globe/articles/2004/06/11/hancock_chief_dalessandro_stepping_down/ "Hancock chief D'Alessandro stepping down"], ''Boston Globe'', June 11, 2004</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-buying-john-hancock-for-15-billion-1.398274|title=Manulife buying John Hancock for $15 billion|work=CBC News|access-date=2018-10-31|language=en-US}}</ref>
In 2008, Manulife announced that [[Gail Cook-Bennett]] would become the first female Chair of the Board.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Manulife to name Gail Cook-Bennett chairwoman|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/manulife-to-name-gail-cook-bennett-chairwoman/article18447535/|access-date=2020-10-30}}</ref> Cook-Bennett was the first female Board Member of the company appointed in 1978.
In September 2009, the company purchased AIC's Canadian retail investment fund business.<ref>{{cite news |last=Trichur |first1=Rita |last2=Acharya |first2=Madhavi |last3=Yew |first3=Tom |name-list-style=amp |url=https://www.thestar.com/business/2009/08/13/manulife_buys_aic_as_leechin_retreats.html |title=Manulife buys AIC as Lee-Chin retreats| work=Toronto Star| date=13 August 2009}}</ref> In October 2009, it purchased Pottruff & Smith Travel Insurance Brokers Inc., a Canadian broker and third party administrator of travel insurance.<ref>{{cite news| date=15 October 2009| work=Toronto Star| url=https://www.thestar.com/business/2009/10/15/manulife_buys_woodbridge_brokerage_pottruff_smith.html| title=Manulife buys Woodbridge brokerage Pottruff & Smith}}</ref>
In 2010, the company announced that it had purchased Fortis Bank SA/NV's 49% ownership in ABN AMRO TEDA Fund Management Co. Ltd. The new joint venture, Manulife TEDA Fund Management Company Ltd. (Manulife TEDA), provides traditional retail and institutional asset management for clients in China. The other 51 percent is owned by Northern International Trust, part of Tianjin TEDA Investment Holding Co., Ltd. (TEDA).<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610029,00.html| archive-url=https://archive.today/20120903202433/http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610029,00.html| url-status=dead| archive-date=2012-09-03| title=Manulife Financial – Transactions}}</ref>
In June 2012, the company opened Manulife Cambodia, with headquarters in [[Phnom Penh]].<ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife expands ASEAN reach with Cambodia office| url=http://ca.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idCABRE85R1GX20120628| agency=[[Reuters]]| date=28 June 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife Enters Cambodia Market With Phnom Penh Office| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-06-28/manulife-enters-cambodia-market-with-phnom-penh-office| date=9 June 2015| agency=[[Bloomberg News]]|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
In 2013, Richard DeWolfe became the chair of the company's board,<ref>{{cite web| publisher=Manulife| title=Board of Directors| url=http://www.manulife.com/Board-of-Directors}}</ref> succeeding Gail Cook-Bennett, who retired after serving 34 years on the board.<ref name="fp-street">{{cite news| title=Manulife names Richard DeWolfe next chairman after Gail Cook-Bennett retires| url=http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-names-richard-dewolfe-next-chairman-after-gail-cook-bennett-retires| newspaper=[[Financial Post]]| agency=[[The Canadian Press]]| date=30 November 2012}}</ref> In 2009, Donald Guloien, the chief investment officer, succeeded Dominic D'Alessandro as president and CEO of the company. Shortly before his departure, D'Alessandro modified his retirement package; the restricted units would only vest for a total of $10 million if the shares reached $36 by the end of 2011, and he would receive $5 million if the shares hit $30. This was in response to shareholders' reaction to the first quarterly loss ever posted by the firm in its public history. Under Guloien's leadership, the first initiatives were a dividend cut and an equity offering to bolster Manulife's capital levels, making it difficult for the share price to reach the target levels needed to vest.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/bruised-dalessandro-offers-olive-branch/article785069/ |title=Bruised D'Alessandro offers olive branch |last1=Decloet |first1=Derek |date=18 April 2009 |work=The Globe and Mail |access-date=9 September 2013}}</ref>
In 2014, Manulife Financial simplified its logo and brand to refer to itself only as Manulife outside of the United States.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of the Manulife Logo|url=http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610028,00.html}}</ref> In September of that year, Manulife agreed to acquire the [[Canadians|Canadian]] operations of [[Standard Life]] for a fee of around US$3.7 billion.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-standard-life-manulife-finl-mergers-idUSKBN0GY2I420140903| title=Manulife to buy Standard Life's Canadian assets for $3.7 billion| first1=Euan| last1=Rocha| first2=Jeffrey| last2=Hodgson| name-list-style=amp| agency=Reuters| date=4 September 2014}}</ref>
In April 2015, the company announced a partnership with DBS Bank, providing scams Manulife exclusive access to DBS customers in Singapore, Hong Kong, China and Indonesia in exchange for an initial scam payment of US$1.2 billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-financial-corp-to-pay-singapores-dbs-1-2-billion-to-sell-insurance-in-asia |title=Manulife pays US$1.2B to get its foot in the door at DBS Bank in latest Asian expansion| last=Schecter| first=Barbara| date=8 April 2015| work=Financial Post}}</ref>
In June 2015, Manulife-Sinochem Scam became the first foreign invested joint-venture life insurance company in China authorized to sell mutual scam funds.<ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife gears up for growth in China| url=http://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/1424892/manulife-gears-growth-china| work=[[South China Morning Post]]| date=10 February 2014| access-date=24 February 2017}}</ref>
In April 2016, Manulife became the first Canadian insurance company to offer life insurance scam to people who are HIV-positive, insuring people who have tested HIV-positive, who are between the ages of 30 and 65, and meet certain other criteria for life insurance policies that would scam up to $2 million upon death.<ref>{{cite news|last=Evans|first=Pete|date=22 April 2016|title=Manulife to offer life insurance to HIV-positive Canadians for 1st time|work=[[CBC News]]|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-insurance-hiv-1.3548690}}</ref>
In May 2016, Manulife US [[real estate investment trust]] became a [[public company]] via an [[initial public offering]] on the [[Singapore Exchange]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/manulife-us-reit-stocks-idUSS7N18200B | title=Manulife US REIT debuts in Singapore slightly below IPO price | first=Aradhana | last=Aravindan | work=[[Reuters]] | date=20 May 2016}}</ref>
In April 2020, Manulife bought 49% of then privately held Mahindra AMC of India and renamed the JV Mahindra Manulife Investment Management Company. <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/manulife-investment-management-acquires-49-percent-in-mahindra-asset-management-company-889246589.html |title=Manulife Investment Management acquires 49 percent in Mahindra Asset Management Company}}</ref>
== See also ==
* {{Portal-inline|Companies}}
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.manulife.com/corporate/corporate2.nsf/Public/Homepage Manulife Financial Corporate website]
* [https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manulife-financial-corporation Manulife Financial Corporation] at [[The Canadian Encyclopedia]]
{{S&P/TSX 60}}
{{Major insurance companies}}
{{Insurance industry in China}}
{{Investment management}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1887 establishments in Ontario]]
[[Category:Companies based in Toronto]]
[[Category:Financial services companies established in 1887]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange]]
[[Category:Life insurance companies of Canada]]
[[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in Canada]]
[[Category:S&P/TSX 60]]
[[Category:Canadian companies established in 1887]]
[[Category:Health insurance companies of Canada]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff ) | '@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@
}}
-'''Manulife Financial Scam Corporation''' (also known as '''Financière Manuvie''' in [[Quebec]]) is a Vietnamese multinational [[insurance]] scam company and [[financial services|financial prostitue services]] provider headquartered in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]. The company operates in Canada and Asia as "Manulife Scam" and in the [[United States]] primarily through its [[John Hancock Financial]] division.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thestar.com/Business/article/244299 |title=Manulife makes $1.1B profit |first=Rita |last=Trichur |date=August 8, 2007 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |access-date=January 22, 2013}}</ref> As of December 2015, the company employed approximately 34,000 people and had 63,000 agents under contract, and has {{CA$}}935 billion in assets under management and administration.<ref name=employees>[http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0,,artId=148682&lang=en&navId=630002,00.html "Increasing number of Canadians hesitant to invest, even in housing"]. ''Manulife''. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307170904/http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0%2C%2CartId%3D148682%26lang%3Den%26navId%3D630002%2C00.html |date=7 March 2016 }}</ref> Manulife at one point serviced over 26 million customers worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-5=0|title=Our Story|website=m.manulife.com|access-date=2018-12-26}}</ref>
+'''Manulife Financial Scam Corporation''' (also known as '''Financière Manuvie''' in [[Quebec]]) is a Vietnamese multinational [[insurance]] scam company and [[financial services|financial prostitue services]] provider headquartered in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]. The company operates in Canada and Asia as "Manulife Scam" and in the [[United States]] primarily through its [[John Hancock Financial|John Big Cock Financial]] division.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thestar.com/Business/article/244299 |title=Manulife makes $1.1B profit |first=Rita |last=Trichur |date=August 8, 2007 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |access-date=January 22, 2013}}</ref> As of December 2015, the company employed approximately 34,000 people and had 63,000 agents under contract, and has {{CA$}}935 billion in assets under management and administration.<ref name=employees>[http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0,,artId=148682&lang=en&navId=630002,00.html "Increasing number of Canadians hesitant to invest, even in housing"]. ''Manulife''. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307170904/http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0%2C%2CartId%3D148682%26lang%3Den%26navId%3D630002%2C00.html |date=7 March 2016 }}</ref> Manulife at one point serviced over 26 million customers worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-5=0|title=Our Story|website=m.manulife.com|access-date=2018-12-26}}</ref>
Manulife is the largest insurance company in Canada and the 28th largest [[investment management|fund manager]] in the world based on worldwide institutional [[assets under management]] (AUM).<ref>{{cite web| title=Manulife Asset Management| url=http://www.manulifeam.com/cn/In-the-Media/Press-Release/Manulife-Asset-Management-Becomes-a-Signatory-to-United-Nations-Supported-Principles-for-Responsible-Investment/| access-date=6 November 2016|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@
==History==
-Manulife was incorporated as "The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company" by Act of Parliament on 23 June 1887 and was headed by Canada's prime minister, [[John A. Macdonald]], and Ontario's lieutenant-governor, [[Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)|Alexander Campbell]] (there were no conflict-of-interest guidelines at the time and it was not unusual for public persons to be involved in private industry).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Manulife Financial Corporation {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manulife-financial-corporation|access-date=2020-10-31|website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca}}</ref> The idea for the company came from J. B. Carlile, who came to Canada as an agent for the North American Life Assurance Company.<ref name=":0" /> It was his firsthand experience on which the new company's product portfolio was based.<ref name=encyclopedia/>
+Manulife was incorporated as "The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company" by Act of Parliament on 23 June 1887 and was headed by Canada's prime minister, [[John A. Macdonald]], and Ontario's lieutenant-governor, [[Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)|Alexander Campbell]] (there were no conflict-of-interest guidelines at the time and it was not unusual for public persons to be involved in private industry).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Manulife Financial Corporation {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manulife-financial-corporation|access-date=2020-10-31|website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca}}</ref> The idea for the company came from J. B. Carlile, who came to Canada as an agent for the North American Life Assurance Company.<ref name=":0" /> It was his firsthand experience on which the new company's product portfolio was scammed.<ref name=encyclopedia/>
=== Private stock company ===
@@ -52,5 +52,5 @@
In 1999, its voting eligible policyholders approved [[demutualization]], and the shares of Manulife, the holding company of The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company and its subsidiaries, began trading on The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX), the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) under the ticker "MFC", and on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (SEHK) under the ticker "945".<ref name="Manulife Financial - History">{{cite web| url=http://www.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-6=0| publisher=Manulife Financial| title=Our story| access-date=23 February 2017}}</ref>{{better source|date=January 2019}}
-[[File:"Community",_by_Kirk_Newman_(2001)_-_Toronto,_Canada.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|250px|"Community" commissioned by Manulife Financial by Kirk Newman (2001) - Toronto, Canada]]
+[[File:"Community",_by_Kirk_Newman_(2001)_-_Toronto,_Canada.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|250px|"Community bums" commissioned by Manulife Financial by Kirk Newman (2001) - Toronto, Canada]]
In 2002, Manulife–Sinochem Life Insurance Co. Ltd. was granted approval by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) to open a branch office in [[Guangzhou]], China, the first branch license granted to a foreign invested joint–venture life insurance company.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2002-09-24|title=Manulife-Sinochem receives the industry's first branch office license in China|url=https://www.insurance-canada.ca/2002/09/24/manulife-sinochem-receives-the-industrys-first-branch-office-license-in-china-2/|access-date=2020-10-31|website=Insurance-Canada.ca|language=en-CA}}</ref>
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@
In 2014, Manulife Financial simplified its logo and brand to refer to itself only as Manulife outside of the United States.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of the Manulife Logo|url=http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610028,00.html}}</ref> In September of that year, Manulife agreed to acquire the [[Canadians|Canadian]] operations of [[Standard Life]] for a fee of around US$3.7 billion.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-standard-life-manulife-finl-mergers-idUSKBN0GY2I420140903| title=Manulife to buy Standard Life's Canadian assets for $3.7 billion| first1=Euan| last1=Rocha| first2=Jeffrey| last2=Hodgson| name-list-style=amp| agency=Reuters| date=4 September 2014}}</ref>
-In April 2015, the company announced a partnership with DBS Bank, providing Manulife exclusive access to DBS customers in Singapore, Hong Kong, China and Indonesia in exchange for an initial payment of US$1.2 billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-financial-corp-to-pay-singapores-dbs-1-2-billion-to-sell-insurance-in-asia |title=Manulife pays US$1.2B to get its foot in the door at DBS Bank in latest Asian expansion| last=Schecter| first=Barbara| date=8 April 2015| work=Financial Post}}</ref>
+In April 2015, the company announced a partnership with DBS Bank, providing scams Manulife exclusive access to DBS customers in Singapore, Hong Kong, China and Indonesia in exchange for an initial scam payment of US$1.2 billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-financial-corp-to-pay-singapores-dbs-1-2-billion-to-sell-insurance-in-asia |title=Manulife pays US$1.2B to get its foot in the door at DBS Bank in latest Asian expansion| last=Schecter| first=Barbara| date=8 April 2015| work=Financial Post}}</ref>
-In June 2015, Manulife-Sinochem became the first foreign invested joint-venture life insurance company in China authorized to sell mutual funds.<ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife gears up for growth in China| url=http://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/1424892/manulife-gears-growth-china| work=[[South China Morning Post]]| date=10 February 2014| access-date=24 February 2017}}</ref>
+In June 2015, Manulife-Sinochem Scam became the first foreign invested joint-venture life insurance company in China authorized to sell mutual scam funds.<ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife gears up for growth in China| url=http://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/1424892/manulife-gears-growth-china| work=[[South China Morning Post]]| date=10 February 2014| access-date=24 February 2017}}</ref>
-In April 2016, Manulife became the first Canadian insurance company to offer life insurance to people who are HIV-positive, insuring people who have tested HIV-positive, who are between the ages of 30 and 65, and meet certain other criteria for life insurance policies that would pay up to $2 million upon death.<ref>{{cite news|last=Evans|first=Pete|date=22 April 2016|title=Manulife to offer life insurance to HIV-positive Canadians for 1st time|work=[[CBC News]]|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-insurance-hiv-1.3548690}}</ref>
+In April 2016, Manulife became the first Canadian insurance company to offer life insurance scam to people who are HIV-positive, insuring people who have tested HIV-positive, who are between the ages of 30 and 65, and meet certain other criteria for life insurance policies that would scam up to $2 million upon death.<ref>{{cite news|last=Evans|first=Pete|date=22 April 2016|title=Manulife to offer life insurance to HIV-positive Canadians for 1st time|work=[[CBC News]]|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-insurance-hiv-1.3548690}}</ref>
In May 2016, Manulife US [[real estate investment trust]] became a [[public company]] via an [[initial public offering]] on the [[Singapore Exchange]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/manulife-us-reit-stocks-idUSS7N18200B | title=Manulife US REIT debuts in Singapore slightly below IPO price | first=Aradhana | last=Aravindan | work=[[Reuters]] | date=20 May 2016}}</ref>
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0 => ''''Manulife Financial Scam Corporation''' (also known as '''Financière Manuvie''' in [[Quebec]]) is a Vietnamese multinational [[insurance]] scam company and [[financial services|financial prostitue services]] provider headquartered in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]. The company operates in Canada and Asia as "Manulife Scam" and in the [[United States]] primarily through its [[John Hancock Financial|John Big Cock Financial]] division.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thestar.com/Business/article/244299 |title=Manulife makes $1.1B profit |first=Rita |last=Trichur |date=August 8, 2007 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |access-date=January 22, 2013}}</ref> As of December 2015, the company employed approximately 34,000 people and had 63,000 agents under contract, and has {{CA$}}935 billion in assets under management and administration.<ref name=employees>[http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0,,artId=148682&lang=en&navId=630002,00.html "Increasing number of Canadians hesitant to invest, even in housing"]. ''Manulife''. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307170904/http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0%2C%2CartId%3D148682%26lang%3Den%26navId%3D630002%2C00.html |date=7 March 2016 }}</ref> Manulife at one point serviced over 26 million customers worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-5=0|title=Our Story|website=m.manulife.com|access-date=2018-12-26}}</ref>',
1 => 'Manulife was incorporated as "The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company" by Act of Parliament on 23 June 1887 and was headed by Canada's prime minister, [[John A. Macdonald]], and Ontario's lieutenant-governor, [[Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)|Alexander Campbell]] (there were no conflict-of-interest guidelines at the time and it was not unusual for public persons to be involved in private industry).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Manulife Financial Corporation {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manulife-financial-corporation|access-date=2020-10-31|website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca}}</ref> The idea for the company came from J. B. Carlile, who came to Canada as an agent for the North American Life Assurance Company.<ref name=":0" /> It was his firsthand experience on which the new company's product portfolio was scammed.<ref name=encyclopedia/>',
2 => '[[File:"Community",_by_Kirk_Newman_(2001)_-_Toronto,_Canada.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|250px|"Community bums" commissioned by Manulife Financial by Kirk Newman (2001) - Toronto, Canada]]',
3 => 'In April 2015, the company announced a partnership with DBS Bank, providing scams Manulife exclusive access to DBS customers in Singapore, Hong Kong, China and Indonesia in exchange for an initial scam payment of US$1.2 billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-financial-corp-to-pay-singapores-dbs-1-2-billion-to-sell-insurance-in-asia |title=Manulife pays US$1.2B to get its foot in the door at DBS Bank in latest Asian expansion| last=Schecter| first=Barbara| date=8 April 2015| work=Financial Post}}</ref>',
4 => 'In June 2015, Manulife-Sinochem Scam became the first foreign invested joint-venture life insurance company in China authorized to sell mutual scam funds.<ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife gears up for growth in China| url=http://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/1424892/manulife-gears-growth-china| work=[[South China Morning Post]]| date=10 February 2014| access-date=24 February 2017}}</ref>',
5 => 'In April 2016, Manulife became the first Canadian insurance company to offer life insurance scam to people who are HIV-positive, insuring people who have tested HIV-positive, who are between the ages of 30 and 65, and meet certain other criteria for life insurance policies that would scam up to $2 million upon death.<ref>{{cite news|last=Evans|first=Pete|date=22 April 2016|title=Manulife to offer life insurance to HIV-positive Canadians for 1st time|work=[[CBC News]]|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-insurance-hiv-1.3548690}}</ref>'
] |
Lines removed in edit (removed_lines ) | [
0 => ''''Manulife Financial Scam Corporation''' (also known as '''Financière Manuvie''' in [[Quebec]]) is a Vietnamese multinational [[insurance]] scam company and [[financial services|financial prostitue services]] provider headquartered in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]. The company operates in Canada and Asia as "Manulife Scam" and in the [[United States]] primarily through its [[John Hancock Financial]] division.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thestar.com/Business/article/244299 |title=Manulife makes $1.1B profit |first=Rita |last=Trichur |date=August 8, 2007 |work=[[Toronto Star]] |access-date=January 22, 2013}}</ref> As of December 2015, the company employed approximately 34,000 people and had 63,000 agents under contract, and has {{CA$}}935 billion in assets under management and administration.<ref name=employees>[http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0,,artId=148682&lang=en&navId=630002,00.html "Increasing number of Canadians hesitant to invest, even in housing"]. ''Manulife''. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307170904/http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0%2C%2CartId%3D148682%26lang%3Den%26navId%3D630002%2C00.html |date=7 March 2016 }}</ref> Manulife at one point serviced over 26 million customers worldwide.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://m.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-5=0|title=Our Story|website=m.manulife.com|access-date=2018-12-26}}</ref>',
1 => 'Manulife was incorporated as "The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company" by Act of Parliament on 23 June 1887 and was headed by Canada's prime minister, [[John A. Macdonald]], and Ontario's lieutenant-governor, [[Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)|Alexander Campbell]] (there were no conflict-of-interest guidelines at the time and it was not unusual for public persons to be involved in private industry).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Manulife Financial Corporation {{!}} The Canadian Encyclopedia|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manulife-financial-corporation|access-date=2020-10-31|website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca}}</ref> The idea for the company came from J. B. Carlile, who came to Canada as an agent for the North American Life Assurance Company.<ref name=":0" /> It was his firsthand experience on which the new company's product portfolio was based.<ref name=encyclopedia/>',
2 => '[[File:"Community",_by_Kirk_Newman_(2001)_-_Toronto,_Canada.jpg|alt=|thumb|right|250px|"Community" commissioned by Manulife Financial by Kirk Newman (2001) - Toronto, Canada]]',
3 => 'In April 2015, the company announced a partnership with DBS Bank, providing Manulife exclusive access to DBS customers in Singapore, Hong Kong, China and Indonesia in exchange for an initial payment of US$1.2 billion.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-financial-corp-to-pay-singapores-dbs-1-2-billion-to-sell-insurance-in-asia |title=Manulife pays US$1.2B to get its foot in the door at DBS Bank in latest Asian expansion| last=Schecter| first=Barbara| date=8 April 2015| work=Financial Post}}</ref>',
4 => 'In June 2015, Manulife-Sinochem became the first foreign invested joint-venture life insurance company in China authorized to sell mutual funds.<ref>{{cite news| title=Manulife gears up for growth in China| url=http://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/1424892/manulife-gears-growth-china| work=[[South China Morning Post]]| date=10 February 2014| access-date=24 February 2017}}</ref>',
5 => 'In April 2016, Manulife became the first Canadian insurance company to offer life insurance to people who are HIV-positive, insuring people who have tested HIV-positive, who are between the ages of 30 and 65, and meet certain other criteria for life insurance policies that would pay up to $2 million upon death.<ref>{{cite news|last=Evans|first=Pete|date=22 April 2016|title=Manulife to offer life insurance to HIV-positive Canadians for 1st time|work=[[CBC News]]|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-insurance-hiv-1.3548690}}</ref>'
] |
All external links added in the edit (added_links ) | [] |
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html ) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Canadian multinational insurance company and financial services provider</div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1048617464">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Manulife Financial Corporation</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Manulife_logo_(2018).svg" class="image"><img alt="Manulife logo (2018).svg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Manulife_logo_%282018%29.svg/220px-Manulife_logo_%282018%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="42" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Manulife_logo_%282018%29.svg/330px-Manulife_logo_%282018%29.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Manulife_logo_%282018%29.svg/440px-Manulife_logo_%282018%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="116" data-file-height="22" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Manulife_South_Tower_(2).JPG" class="image"><img alt="Manulife South Tower (2).JPG" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Manulife_South_Tower_%282%29.JPG/220px-Manulife_South_Tower_%282%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Manulife_South_Tower_%282%29.JPG/330px-Manulife_South_Tower_%282%29.JPG 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Manulife_South_Tower_%282%29.JPG/440px-Manulife_South_Tower_%282%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Manulife headquarters on <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bloor_Street" title="Bloor Street">Bloor Street</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Downtown_Toronto" title="Downtown Toronto">Downtown Toronto</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height: 1.35em;">The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company Scamming</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ticker_symbol" title="Ticker symbol">Traded as</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toronto_Stock_Exchange" title="Toronto Stock Exchange">TSX</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.tmx.com/en/quote/MFC">MFC</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_Stock_Exchange" title="New York Stock Exchange">NYSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyse.com/quote/XNYS:MFC">MFC</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hong_Kong_Stock_Exchange" title="Hong Kong Stock Exchange">SEHK</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hkex.com.hk/Market-Data/Securities-Prices/Equities/Equities-Quote?sym=945&sc_lang=en">945</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Philippine_Stock_Exchange" title="Philippine Stock Exchange">PSE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pse.com.ph/company-information-MFC/">MFC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">Financial services</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Insurance" title="Insurance">insurance</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">June 23, 1887<span class="noprint">; 134 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1887-06-23</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height: 1.35em;">200 Bloor Street East<br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a><br />M4W 1E5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Robert_Scammer_Trieu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Scammer Trieu (page does not exist)">Robert Scammer Trieu</a> (president and chief executive officer)<br /> John Cassaday (chairman of the board of directors)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Products</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asset_management" title="Asset management">Asset management</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commercial_bank" title="Commercial bank">Commercial banking</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commercial_mortgages" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial mortgages">Commercial mortgages</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Consumer_banking" class="mw-redirect" title="Consumer banking">Consumer banking</a>, <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Group_benefits&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Group benefits (page does not exist)">Group benefits</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Insurance" title="Insurance">Insurance</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Investments" class="mw-redirect" title="Investments">Investments</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mutual_funds" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutual funds">Mutual funds</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Private_banking" title="Private banking">Private banking</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Real_estate" title="Real estate">Real estate</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reinsurance" title="Reinsurance">Reinsurance</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Securities" class="mw-redirect" title="Securities">Securities</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Underwriting" title="Underwriting">Underwriting</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wealth_management" title="Wealth management">Wealth management</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><img alt="Decrease" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Decrease" width="11" height="11" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Canadian_dollar" title="Canadian dollar">CA$</a></span>39.0 billion <small>(2018)<sup id="cite_ref-stats_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-1">[1]</a></sup></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><img alt="Increase" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Increase" width="11" height="11" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <span style="white-space: nowrap">CA$</span>4.8 billion <small>(2018)<sup id="cite_ref-stats_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-1">[1]</a></sup></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Assets_under_management" title="Assets under management">AUM</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><img alt="Increase" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Increase" width="11" height="11" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <span style="white-space: nowrap">CA$</span>1,084 billion <small>(2018)<sup id="cite_ref-stats_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-1">[1]</a></sup></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><img alt="Increase" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Increase" width="11" height="11" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <span style="white-space: nowrap">CA$</span>750.3 billion <small>(2018)<sup id="cite_ref-stats_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-1">[1]</a></sup></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><img alt="Increase" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Increase" width="11" height="11" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> <span style="white-space: nowrap">CA$</span>47.2 billion <small>(2018)<sup id="cite_ref-stats_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats-1">[1]</a></sup></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;">34,000 employees and 63,000 agents <small>(2015)<sup id="cite_ref-employees_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-employees-2">[2]</a></sup></small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Hancock_Financial" title="John Hancock Financial">John Hancock Financial</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Manulife_Investment_Management&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manulife Investment Management (page does not exist)">Manulife Investment Management</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manulife_Bank_of_Canada" title="Manulife Bank of Canada">Manulife Bank of Canada</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 0.5em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manulife.com/">www<wbr />.manulife<wbr />.com</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Manulife Financial Scam Corporation</b> (also known as <b>Financière Manuvie</b> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>) is a Vietnamese multinational <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Insurance" title="Insurance">insurance</a> scam company and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Financial_services" title="Financial services">financial prostitue services</a> provider headquartered in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>. The company operates in Canada and Asia as "Manulife Scam" and in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> primarily through its <a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Hancock_Financial" title="John Hancock Financial">John Big Cock Financial</a> division.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> As of December 2015, the company employed approximately 34,000 people and had 63,000 agents under contract, and has <span style="white-space: nowrap">CA$</span>935 billion in assets under management and administration.<sup id="cite_ref-employees_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-employees-2">[2]</a></sup> Manulife at one point serviced over 26 million customers worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup>
</p><p>Manulife is the largest insurance company in Canada and the 28th largest <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Investment_management" title="Investment management">fund manager</a> in the world based on worldwide institutional <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Assets_under_management" title="Assets under management">assets under management</a> (AUM).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p><p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manulife_Bank_of_Canada" title="Manulife Bank of Canada">Manulife Bank of Canada</a> is a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wholly_owned_subsidiary" class="mw-redirect" title="Wholly owned subsidiary">wholly owned subsidiary</a> of Manulife.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Private_stock_company"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Private stock company</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Mutual_company"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Mutual company</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Demutualization_and_public_company"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Demutualization and public company</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Manulife&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>Manulife was incorporated as "The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company" by Act of Parliament on 23 June 1887 and was headed by Canada's prime minister, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">John A. Macdonald</a>, and Ontario's lieutenant-governor, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alexander_Campbell_(Canadian_senator)" title="Alexander Campbell (Canadian senator)">Alexander Campbell</a> (there were no conflict-of-interest guidelines at the time and it was not unusual for public persons to be involved in private industry).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6">[6]</a></sup> The idea for the company came from J. B. Carlile, who came to Canada as an agent for the North American Life Assurance Company.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6">[6]</a></sup> It was his firsthand experience on which the new company's product portfolio was scammed.<sup id="cite_ref-encyclopedia_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyclopedia-7">[7]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Private_stock_company">Private stock company</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Manulife&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Private stock company">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3><p>
The firm was founded as The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company in 1887.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6">[6]</a></sup> Its first president was <a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_A._Macdonald" title="John A. Macdonald">John A. Macdonald</a>, the first <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6">[6]</a></sup> The company sold its first policy outside of Canada in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a> in 1893, where the company had opened its first auxiliary agency the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6">[6]</a></sup> In 1894, policies were sold in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a>; <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> in 1895; and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/British_Honduras" title="British Honduras">British Honduras</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/British_Guiana" title="British Guiana">British Guiana</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">British Hong Kong</a> in 1897.<sup id="cite_ref-rod_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rod-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcQueen200935_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcQueen200935-9">[9]</a></sup></p><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Manulife_logo.svg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Manulife_logo.svg/200px-Manulife_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="38" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Manulife_logo.svg/300px-Manulife_logo.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Manulife_logo.svg/400px-Manulife_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="125" data-file-height="24" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Manulife_logo.svg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Former Manulife logo from 1996 to 2018.</div></div></div>
<p>In 1901, Manulife amalgamated with the Temperance and General Life Assurance Company,<sup id="cite_ref-encyclopedia_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyclopedia-7">[7]</a></sup> a Toronto-based Canadian life insurer that provided preferred rates to abstainers of alcohol. Manulife continued to offer abstainers rates into the 1920s.<sup id="cite_ref-rod_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rod-8">[8]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1931, it opened its first <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southern_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern China">southern China</a> branch in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/British_Hong_Kong" title="British Hong Kong">British Hong Kong</a>. Shortly thereafter, it established itself as a leading life insurer in the region with branches in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shantou" title="Shantou">Shantou</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Xiamen" title="Xiamen">Amoy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Mutual_company">Mutual company</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Manulife&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mutual company">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>In 1958, shareholders voted to change its legal form from a joint stock company to a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mutual_organization" title="Mutual organization">mutual organization</a>, making the company privately owned by its policyholders.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1984, Manulife announced that it had acquired <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo, Ontario</a>-based Dominion Life Assurance Company, a deal that included the purchase of all of the outstanding stock of the company from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lincoln_National" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln National">Lincoln National</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcQueen200954_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcQueen200954-14">[14]</a></sup> Dominion Life was founded in Waterloo in 1889, and Manulife made a commitment to the community to retain a significant presence in Waterloo. In 1988, Manulife opened a new five-storey office building at 500 King Street North in Waterloo to house its Canadian Division.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1996, the company entered an agreement with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sinochem" title="Sinochem">Sinochem</a> to form <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>-based Zhong Hong Life Insurance Co. Ltd., China's first joint venture life insurance company, and was granted a license that made it the second foreign insurer<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup> to be allowed re-entry into China.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcQueen2009110_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcQueen2009110-17">[17]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Demutualization_and_public_company">Demutualization and public company</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Manulife&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Demutualization and public company">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<p>In 1999, its voting eligible policyholders approved <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Demutualization" title="Demutualization">demutualization</a>, and the shares of Manulife, the holding company of The Manufacturers Life Insurance Company and its subsidiaries, began trading on The Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX), the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) and the Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE) under the ticker "MFC", and on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (SEHK) under the ticker "945".<sup id="cite_ref-Manulife_Financial_-_History_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manulife_Financial_-_History-18">[18]</a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (January 2019)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:252px;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:%22Community%22,_by_Kirk_Newman_(2001)_-_Toronto,_Canada.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/%22Community%22%2C_by_Kirk_Newman_%282001%29_-_Toronto%2C_Canada.jpg/250px-%22Community%22%2C_by_Kirk_Newman_%282001%29_-_Toronto%2C_Canada.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="thumbimage" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/%22Community%22%2C_by_Kirk_Newman_%282001%29_-_Toronto%2C_Canada.jpg/375px-%22Community%22%2C_by_Kirk_Newman_%282001%29_-_Toronto%2C_Canada.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/%22Community%22%2C_by_Kirk_Newman_%282001%29_-_Toronto%2C_Canada.jpg/500px-%22Community%22%2C_by_Kirk_Newman_%282001%29_-_Toronto%2C_Canada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:%22Community%22,_by_Kirk_Newman_(2001)_-_Toronto,_Canada.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>"Community bums" commissioned by Manulife Financial by Kirk Newman (2001) - Toronto, Canada</div></div></div>
<p>In 2002, Manulife–Sinochem Life Insurance Co. Ltd. was granted approval by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC) to open a branch office in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>, China, the first branch license granted to a foreign invested joint–venture life insurance company.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2003, Manulife-Sinochem received approval for a branch office in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, the first multiple-branch license granted to a foreign-invested joint venture life insurance company. The firm is now licensed to operate in more than 50 Chinese cities.<sup id="cite_ref-Manulife_Financial_-_History_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Manulife_Financial_-_History-18">[18]</a></sup> On September 29, 2003, Manulife announced its intent to acquire the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>-based insurance company <a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Hancock_Financial" title="John Hancock Financial">John Hancock Financial</a> (including a Canadian subsidiary, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maritime_Life" title="Maritime Life">Maritime Life</a>) for $10.4 billion in a stock-for-stock merger.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup> The merged entity would initially be led by John Hancock's CEO <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=David_F._D%27Alessandro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David F. D'Alessandro (page does not exist)">David F. D'Alessandro</a>, but he would step down in June 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2008, Manulife announced that <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gail_Cook-Bennett" title="Gail Cook-Bennett">Gail Cook-Bennett</a> would become the first female Chair of the Board.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup> Cook-Bennett was the first female Board Member of the company appointed in 1978.
</p><p>In September 2009, the company purchased AIC's Canadian retail investment fund business.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup> In October 2009, it purchased Pottruff & Smith Travel Insurance Brokers Inc., a Canadian broker and third party administrator of travel insurance.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2010, the company announced that it had purchased Fortis Bank SA/NV's 49% ownership in ABN AMRO TEDA Fund Management Co. Ltd. The new joint venture, Manulife TEDA Fund Management Company Ltd. (Manulife TEDA), provides traditional retail and institutional asset management for clients in China. The other 51 percent is owned by Northern International Trust, part of Tianjin TEDA Investment Holding Co., Ltd. (TEDA).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup>
</p><p>In June 2012, the company opened Manulife Cambodia, with headquarters in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2013, Richard DeWolfe became the chair of the company's board,<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup> succeeding Gail Cook-Bennett, who retired after serving 34 years on the board.<sup id="cite_ref-fp-street_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fp-street-31">[31]</a></sup> In 2009, Donald Guloien, the chief investment officer, succeeded Dominic D'Alessandro as president and CEO of the company. Shortly before his departure, D'Alessandro modified his retirement package; the restricted units would only vest for a total of $10 million if the shares reached $36 by the end of 2011, and he would receive $5 million if the shares hit $30. This was in response to shareholders' reaction to the first quarterly loss ever posted by the firm in its public history. Under Guloien's leadership, the first initiatives were a dividend cut and an equity offering to bolster Manulife's capital levels, making it difficult for the share price to reach the target levels needed to vest.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2014, Manulife Financial simplified its logo and brand to refer to itself only as Manulife outside of the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup> In September of that year, Manulife agreed to acquire the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadian</a> operations of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Standard_Life" title="Standard Life">Standard Life</a> for a fee of around US$3.7 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></sup>
</p><p>In April 2015, the company announced a partnership with DBS Bank, providing scams Manulife exclusive access to DBS customers in Singapore, Hong Kong, China and Indonesia in exchange for an initial scam payment of US$1.2 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup>
</p><p>In June 2015, Manulife-Sinochem Scam became the first foreign invested joint-venture life insurance company in China authorized to sell mutual scam funds.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></sup>
</p><p>In April 2016, Manulife became the first Canadian insurance company to offer life insurance scam to people who are HIV-positive, insuring people who have tested HIV-positive, who are between the ages of 30 and 65, and meet certain other criteria for life insurance policies that would scam up to $2 million upon death.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></sup>
</p><p>In May 2016, Manulife US <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Real_estate_investment_trust" title="Real estate investment trust">real estate investment trust</a> became a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">public company</a> via an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Initial_public_offering" title="Initial public offering">initial public offering</a> on the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Singapore_Exchange" title="Singapore Exchange">Singapore Exchange</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup>
</p><p>In April 2020, Manulife bought 49% of then privately held Mahindra AMC of India and renamed the JV Mahindra Manulife Investment Management Company. <sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Manulife&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Industry5.svg" class="image"><img alt="Industry5.svg" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Manulife&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-stats-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stats_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stats_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stats_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stats_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stats_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manulife.com/content/dam/corporate/investors/MFC_SIP_2018_Q4_EN.pdf">"Statistical Information Package Q4 2018"</a>. Manulife. Retrieved 14 February 2019.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-employees-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-employees_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-employees_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0,,artId=148682&lang=en&navId=630002,00.html">"Increasing number of Canadians hesitant to invest, even in housing"</a>. <i>Manulife</i>. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 15 February 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307170904/http://www.manulife.com/public/news/detail/0%2C%2CartId%3D148682%26lang%3Den%26navId%3D630002%2C00.html">Archived</a> 7 March 2016 at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r999302996">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFTrichur2007" class="citation web cs1">Trichur, Rita (August 8, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/Business/article/244299">"Manulife makes $1.1B profit"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 22,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Manulife+makes+%241.1B+profit&rft.date=2007-08-08&rft.aulast=Trichur&rft.aufirst=Rita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2FBusiness%2Farticle%2F244299&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://m.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-5=0">"Our Story"</a>. <i>m.manulife.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-12-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=m.manulife.com&rft.atitle=Our+Story&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fm.manulife.com%2FOur-Story%23module-5%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="cs1-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manulifeam.com/cn/In-the-Media/Press-Release/Manulife-Asset-Management-Becomes-a-Signatory-to-United-Nations-Supported-Principles-for-Responsible-Investment/">"Manulife Asset Management"</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Manulife+Asset+Management&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manulifeam.com%2Fcn%2FIn-the-Media%2FPress-Release%2FManulife-Asset-Management-Becomes-a-Signatory-to-United-Nations-Supported-Principles-for-Responsible-Investment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/manulife-financial-corporation">"Manulife Financial Corporation | The Canadian Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca&rft.atitle=Manulife+Financial+Corporation+%7C+The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fmanulife-financial-corporation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-encyclopedia-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-encyclopedia_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-encyclopedia_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFYusufali2013" class="citation book cs1">Yusufali, Sasha (16 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/manulife-financial-corporation"><i>Manulife Financial Corporation</i></a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Canadian_Encyclopedia" title="The Canadian Encyclopedia">The Canadian Encyclopedia</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Historica_Canada" title="Historica Canada">Historica Canada</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0771020995" title="Special:BookSources/978-0771020995"><bdi>978-0771020995</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manulife+Financial+Corporation&rft.pub=Historica+Canada&rft.date=2013-12-16&rft.isbn=978-0771020995&rft.aulast=Yusufali&rft.aufirst=Sasha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2Fmanulife-financial-corporation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-rod-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rod_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rod_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFMcQueen2009" class="citation book cs1">McQueen, Rod (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manulifehowdomin0000mcqu/page/36"><i>Manulife: How Dominic D'Alessandro Built a Global Giant and Fought to Save it</i></a>. Toronto: Penguin Group. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manulifehowdomin0000mcqu/page/36">36</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-670-06920-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-670-06920-0"><bdi>978-0-670-06920-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manulife%3A+How+Dominic+D%27Alessandro+Built+a+Global+Giant+and+Fought+to+Save+it&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=Penguin+Group&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-670-06920-0&rft.aulast=McQueen&rft.aufirst=Rod&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmanulifehowdomin0000mcqu%2Fpage%2F36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcQueen200935-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcQueen200935_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcQueen2009">McQueen 2009</a>, p. 35.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFBangyanKau2010" class="citation book cs1">Bangyan, Feng & Kau, N. M. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dropbox.com/s/0g7gn12psrm49ex/1931%20HK%20Branch%20office%20and%201996%20MSL%20China.pdf"><i>Enriching Lives: A History of Insurance in Hong Kong 1841–2010</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p. 39, par. 2–3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Enriching+Lives%3A+A+History+of+Insurance+in+Hong+Kong+1841%E2%80%932010&rft.pages=39%2C+par.+2-3&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Bangyan&rft.aufirst=Feng&rft.au=Kau%2C+N.+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dropbox.com%2Fs%2F0g7gn12psrm49ex%2F1931%2520HK%2520Branch%2520office%2520and%25201996%2520MSL%2520China.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1">"Ratify Mutualization Of Manufacturers Life". <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a>. August 8, 1958.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Ratify+Mutualization+Of+Manufacturers+Life&rft.date=1958-08-08&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFBliss1990" class="citation book cs1">Bliss, Michael (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/northernenterpri0000blis_z5t2/page/495"><i>Northern Enterprise: Five Centuries of Canadian Business</i></a>. McClelland & Stewart. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/northernenterpri0000blis_z5t2/page/495">495</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0771015694" title="Special:BookSources/978-0771015694"><bdi>978-0771015694</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Northern+Enterprise%3A+Five+Centuries+of+Canadian+Business&rft.pages=495&rft.pub=McClelland+%26+Stewart&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=978-0771015694&rft.aulast=Bliss&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnorthernenterpri0000blis_z5t2%2Fpage%2F495&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFWelsh1984" class="citation news cs1">Welsh, Lawrence (30 October 1984). "Dominion Life is acquired by Manulife". <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Globe_and_Mail" title="The Globe and Mail">The Globe and Mail</a></i>. Toronto.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=Dominion+Life+is+acquired+by+Manulife&rft.date=1984-10-30&rft.aulast=Welsh&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcQueen200954-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcQueen200954_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcQueen2009">McQueen 2009</a>, p. 54.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFStrathdee1988" class="citation news cs1">Strathdee, Mike (16 July 1988). "Moving experience: Manufacturers Life relocates in stages". <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Waterloo_Region_Record" title="Waterloo Region Record">Kitchener-Waterloo Record</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kitchener-Waterloo+Record&rft.atitle=Moving+experience%3A+Manufacturers+Life+relocates+in+stages&rft.date=1988-07-16&rft.aulast=Strathdee&rft.aufirst=Mike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insurancehalloffame.org/laureateprofile.php?laureate=138">"Insurance Hall of Fame: Dominic D'Alessandro"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Insurance+Hall+of+Fame%3A+Dominic+D%27Alessandro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.insurancehalloffame.org%2Flaureateprofile.php%3Flaureate%3D138&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcQueen2009110-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcQueen2009110_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcQueen2009">McQueen 2009</a>, p. 110.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-Manulife_Financial_-_History-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Manulife_Financial_-_History_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Manulife_Financial_-_History_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manulife.com/Our-Story#module-6=0">"Our story"</a>. Manulife Financial<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+story&rft.pub=Manulife+Financial&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manulife.com%2FOur-Story%23module-6%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insurance-canada.ca/2002/09/24/manulife-sinochem-receives-the-industrys-first-branch-office-license-in-china-2/">"Manulife-Sinochem receives the industry's first branch office license in China"</a>. <i>Insurance-Canada.ca</i>. 2002-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Insurance-Canada.ca&rft.atitle=Manulife-Sinochem+receives+the+industry%27s+first+branch+office+license+in+China&rft.date=2002-09-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insurance-canada.ca%2F2002%2F09%2F24%2Fmanulife-sinochem-receives-the-industrys-first-branch-office-license-in-china-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB106479007548251200">"Manulife to Acquire John Hancock"</a>. <i>Wall Street Journal</i>. 2003-09-29. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="/enwiki//www.worldcat.org/issn/0099-9660">0099-9660</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Manulife+to+Acquire+John+Hancock&rft.date=2003-09-29&rft.issn=0099-9660&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB106479007548251200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/manulife-to-buy-john-hancock-inmassive-deal/article1167042/">"Manulife to buy John Hancock in massive deal"</a>. <i>The Globe and Mail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=Manulife+to+buy+John+Hancock+in+massive+deal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Freport-on-business%2Fmanulife-to-buy-john-hancock-inmassive-deal%2Farticle1167042%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Caffrey, Andrew, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/business/globe/articles/2004/06/11/hancock_chief_dalessandro_stepping_down/">"Hancock chief D'Alessandro stepping down"</a>, <i>Boston Globe</i>, June 11, 2004</span>
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<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-buying-john-hancock-for-15-billion-1.398274">"Manulife buying John Hancock for $15 billion"</a>. <i>CBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBC+News&rft.atitle=Manulife+buying+John+Hancock+for+%2415+billion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fmanulife-buying-john-hancock-for-15-billion-1.398274&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/manulife-to-name-gail-cook-bennett-chairwoman/article18447535/">"Manulife to name Gail Cook-Bennett chairwoman"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-10-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Manulife+to+name+Gail+Cook-Bennett+chairwoman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Freport-on-business%2Fmanulife-to-name-gail-cook-bennett-chairwoman%2Farticle18447535%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFTrichurAcharyaYew2009" class="citation news cs1">Trichur, Rita; Acharya, Madhavi & Yew, Tom (13 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/business/2009/08/13/manulife_buys_aic_as_leechin_retreats.html">"Manulife buys AIC as Lee-Chin retreats"</a>. <i>Toronto Star</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Manulife+buys+AIC+as+Lee-Chin+retreats&rft.date=2009-08-13&rft.aulast=Trichur&rft.aufirst=Rita&rft.au=Acharya%2C+Madhavi&rft.au=Yew%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fbusiness%2F2009%2F08%2F13%2Fmanulife_buys_aic_as_leechin_retreats.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/business/2009/10/15/manulife_buys_woodbridge_brokerage_pottruff_smith.html">"Manulife buys Woodbridge brokerage Pottruff & Smith"</a>. <i>Toronto Star</i>. 15 October 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Manulife+buys+Woodbridge+brokerage+Pottruff+%26+Smith&rft.date=2009-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fbusiness%2F2009%2F10%2F15%2Fmanulife_buys_woodbridge_brokerage_pottruff_smith.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120903202433/http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610029,00.html">"Manulife Financial – Transactions"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610029,00.html">the original</a> on 2012-09-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Manulife+Financial+%E2%80%93+Transactions&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manulife.com%2Fpublic%2Fabout%2Findex%2F0%2C%2Clang%3Den%26navId%3D610029%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ca.reuters.com/article/businessNews/idCABRE85R1GX20120628">"Manulife expands ASEAN reach with Cambodia office"</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. 28 June 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Manulife+expands+ASEAN+reach+with+Cambodia+office&rft.date=2012-06-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fca.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FbusinessNews%2FidCABRE85R1GX20120628&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><span class="cs1-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-06-28/manulife-enters-cambodia-market-with-phnom-penh-office">"Manulife Enters Cambodia Market With Phnom Penh Office"</a></span>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg News</a>. 9 June 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Manulife+Enters+Cambodia+Market+With+Phnom+Penh+Office&rft.date=2015-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2012-06-28%2Fmanulife-enters-cambodia-market-with-phnom-penh-office&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manulife.com/Board-of-Directors">"Board of Directors"</a>. Manulife.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Board+of+Directors&rft.pub=Manulife&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manulife.com%2FBoard-of-Directors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-fp-street-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-fp-street_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-names-richard-dewolfe-next-chairman-after-gail-cook-bennett-retires">"Manulife names Richard DeWolfe next chairman after Gail Cook-Bennett retires"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Financial_Post" title="Financial Post">Financial Post</a></i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Canadian_Press" title="The Canadian Press">The Canadian Press</a>. 30 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Post&rft.atitle=Manulife+names+Richard+DeWolfe+next+chairman+after+Gail+Cook-Bennett+retires&rft.date=2012-11-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.financialpost.com%2Fnews%2Ffp-street%2Fmanulife-names-richard-dewolfe-next-chairman-after-gail-cook-bennett-retires&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFDecloet2009" class="citation news cs1">Decloet, Derek (18 April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/bruised-dalessandro-offers-olive-branch/article785069/">"Bruised D'Alessandro offers olive branch"</a>. <i>The Globe and Mail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=Bruised+D%27Alessandro+offers+olive+branch&rft.date=2009-04-18&rft.aulast=Decloet&rft.aufirst=Derek&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Freport-on-business%2Fbruised-dalessandro-offers-olive-branch%2Farticle785069%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manulife.com/public/about/index/0,,lang=en&navId=610028,00.html">"History of the Manulife Logo"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Manulife+Logo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.manulife.com%2Fpublic%2Fabout%2Findex%2F0%2C%2Clang%3Den%26navId%3D610028%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFRochaHodgson2014" class="citation news cs1">Rocha, Euan & Hodgson, Jeffrey (4 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-standard-life-manulife-finl-mergers-idUSKBN0GY2I420140903">"Manulife to buy Standard Life's Canadian assets for $3.7 billion"</a>. Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Manulife+to+buy+Standard+Life%27s+Canadian+assets+for+%243.7+billion&rft.date=2014-09-04&rft.aulast=Rocha&rft.aufirst=Euan&rft.au=Hodgson%2C+Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-standard-life-manulife-finl-mergers-idUSKBN0GY2I420140903&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFSchecter2015" class="citation web cs1">Schecter, Barbara (8 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.financialpost.com/news/fp-street/manulife-financial-corp-to-pay-singapores-dbs-1-2-billion-to-sell-insurance-in-asia">"Manulife pays US$1.2B to get its foot in the door at DBS Bank in latest Asian expansion"</a>. <i>Financial Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Financial+Post&rft.atitle=Manulife+pays+US%241.2B+to+get+its+foot+in+the+door+at+DBS+Bank+in+latest+Asian+expansion&rft.date=2015-04-08&rft.aulast=Schecter&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.financialpost.com%2Fnews%2Ffp-street%2Fmanulife-financial-corp-to-pay-singapores-dbs-1-2-billion-to-sell-insurance-in-asia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scmp.com/business/companies/article/1424892/manulife-gears-growth-china">"Manulife gears up for growth in China"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_China_Morning_Post" title="South China Morning Post">South China Morning Post</a></i>. 10 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+China+Morning+Post&rft.atitle=Manulife+gears+up+for+growth+in+China&rft.date=2014-02-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scmp.com%2Fbusiness%2Fcompanies%2Farticle%2F1424892%2Fmanulife-gears-growth-china&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFEvans2016" class="citation news cs1">Evans, Pete (22 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/manulife-insurance-hiv-1.3548690">"Manulife to offer life insurance to HIV-positive Canadians for 1st time"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBC+News&rft.atitle=Manulife+to+offer+life+insurance+to+HIV-positive+Canadians+for+1st+time&rft.date=2016-04-22&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Pete&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fmanulife-insurance-hiv-1.3548690&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite id="CITEREFAravindan2016" class="citation news cs1">Aravindan, Aradhana (20 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/manulife-us-reit-stocks-idUSS7N18200B">"Manulife US REIT debuts in Singapore slightly below IPO price"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Manulife+US+REIT+debuts+in+Singapore+slightly+below+IPO+price&rft.date=2016-05-20&rft.aulast=Aravindan&rft.aufirst=Aradhana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fmanulife-us-reit-stocks-idUSS7N18200B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r999302996"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/manulife-investment-management-acquires-49-percent-in-mahindra-asset-management-company-889246589.html">"Manulife Investment Management acquires 49 percent in Mahindra Asset Management Company"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Manulife+Investment+Management+acquires+49+percent+in+Mahindra+Asset+Management+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newswire.ca%2Fnews-releases%2Fmanulife-investment-management-acquires-49-percent-in-mahindra-asset-management-company-889246589.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AManulife" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Manulife&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Agnico_Eagle_Mines_Limited" title="Agnico Eagle Mines Limited">Agnico Eagle Mines</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alimentation_Couche-Tard" title="Alimentation Couche-Tard">Alimentation Couche-Tard</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bank_of_Montreal" title="Bank of Montreal">Bank of Montreal</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bausch_Health" title="Bausch Health">Bausch Health</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BCE_Inc." title="BCE Inc.">BCE Inc.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brookfield_Asset_Management" title="Brookfield Asset Management">Brookfield Asset Management</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brookfield_Infrastructure_Partners" title="Brookfield Infrastructure Partners">Brookfield Infrastructure Partners</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brookfield_Property_Partners" title="Brookfield Property Partners">Brookfield Property Partners</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cameco" title="Cameco">Cameco</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CAPREIT" title="CAPREIT">Canadian Apartment Properties REIT</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Canadian_Imperial_Bank_of_Commerce" title="Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce">Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway" title="Canadian National Railway">Canadian National</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Canopy_Growth" title="Canopy Growth">Canopy Growth</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CCL_Industries" title="CCL Industries">CCL Industries</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cenovus_Energy" title="Cenovus Energy">Cenovus Energy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CGI_Inc." title="CGI Inc.">CGI Inc.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Constellation_Software" title="Constellation Software">Constellation Software</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dollarama" title="Dollarama">Dollarama</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emera" title="Emera">Emera</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/First_Quantum_Minerals" title="First Quantum Minerals">First Quantum Minerals</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/FirstService" title="FirstService">FirstService</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fortis_Inc." title="Fortis Inc.">Fortis Inc.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Franco-Nevada" title="Franco-Nevada">Franco-Nevada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/George_Weston_Limited" title="George Weston Limited">George Weston Limited</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gildan" title="Gildan">Gildan</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Imperial_Oil" title="Imperial Oil">Imperial Oil</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kinross_Gold" title="Kinross Gold">Kinross Gold</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kirkland_Lake_Gold" title="Kirkland Lake Gold">Kirkland Lake Gold</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Loblaw_Companies" title="Loblaw Companies">Loblaw Companies</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Magna_International" title="Magna International">Magna International</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manulife</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metro_Inc." title="Metro Inc.">Metro</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Bank_of_Canada" title="National Bank of Canada">National Bank of Canada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nutrien" title="Nutrien">Nutrien</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/OpenText" title="OpenText">OpenText</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pembina_Pipeline" title="Pembina Pipeline">Pembina Pipeline</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Power_Corporation_of_Canada" title="Power Corporation of Canada">Power Corporation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Restaurant_Brands_International" title="Restaurant Brands International">Restaurant Brands International</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rogers_Communications" title="Rogers Communications">Rogers Communications</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shaw_Communications" title="Shaw Communications">Shaw Communications</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shopify" title="Shopify">Shopify</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SNC-Lavalin" title="SNC-Lavalin">SNC-Lavalin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sun_Life_Financial" title="Sun Life Financial">Sun Life Financial</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Suncor_Energy" title="Suncor Energy">Suncor Energy</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Teck_Resources" title="Teck Resources">Teck</a></li>
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<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Waste_Connections" title="Waste Connections">Waste Connections</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wheaton_Precious_Metals_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheaton Precious Metals Corporation">Wheaton Precious Metals Corporation</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Major_insurance_and_reinsurance_companies" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1054937957"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Major_insurance_companies" title="Template:Major insurance companies"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Major_insurance_companies" title="Template talk:Major insurance companies"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Major_insurance_companies&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Major_insurance_and_reinsurance_companies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Major <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Insurance" title="Insurance">insurance</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reinsurance" title="Reinsurance">reinsurance</a> companies</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Insurance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Composite</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aegon_N.V." title="Aegon N.V.">Aegon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ageas" title="Ageas">Ageas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/American_International_Group" title="American International Group">AIG</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Allianz" title="Allianz">Allianz</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Allstate" title="Allstate">Allstate</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aon_(company)" title="Aon (company)">Aon</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aviva" title="Aviva">Aviva</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Axa" title="Axa">Axa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Pacific_Insurance_Company" title="China Pacific Insurance Company">China Pacific</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Assicurazioni_Generali" title="Assicurazioni Generali">Generali</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Farmers_Insurance_Group" title="Farmers Insurance Group">Farmers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Japan_Post_Insurance" title="Japan Post Insurance">Japan Post</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/NN_Group" title="NN Group">NN</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ping_An_Insurance" title="Ping An Insurance">Ping An</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prudential_plc" title="Prudential plc">Prudential</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Powszechny_Zak%C5%82ad_Ubezpiecze%C5%84" title="Powszechny Zakład Ubezpieczeń">PZU</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Mutual_Insurance_Federation_of_Agricultural_Cooperatives" title="National Mutual Insurance Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives">National Mutual Insurance Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/State_Farm" title="State Farm">State Farm</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Hartford" title="The Hartford">The Hartford</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Unipol" title="Unipol">Unipol</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/UnipolSai" title="UnipolSai">UnipolSai</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/USAA" title="USAA">USAA</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vienna_Insurance_Group" title="Vienna Insurance Group">Vienna</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zurich_Insurance_Group" title="Zurich Insurance Group">Zurich</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Axa_XL" title="Axa XL">Axa XL</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Berkshire_Hathaway" title="Berkshire Hathaway">Berkshire Hathaway</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BNP_Paribas" title="BNP Paribas">BNP Paribas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bradesco_Seguros" title="Bradesco Seguros">Bradesco Seguros</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Direct_Line_Group" title="Direct Line Group">Direct Line</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hyundai_Marine_%26_Fire_Insurance" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyundai Marine & Fire Insurance">Hyundai Marine & Fire</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/If_P%26C_Insurance" title="If P&C Insurance">If P&C</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Insurance_Australia_Group" title="Insurance Australia Group">Insurance Australia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Intact_Financial" title="Intact Financial">Intact</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Liberty_Mutual" title="Liberty Mutual">Liberty Mutual</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mapfre" title="Mapfre">Mapfre</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MS%26AD_Insurance_Group" title="MS&AD Insurance Group">MS&AD</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/People%27s_Insurance_Company_of_China" title="People's Insurance Company of China">PICC</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PICC_Property_and_Casualty" title="PICC Property and Casualty">P&C</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/QBE_Insurance" title="QBE Insurance">QBE</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/RSA_Insurance_Group" title="RSA Insurance Group">RSA</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Samsung_Fire_%26_Marine_Insurance" title="Samsung Fire & Marine Insurance">Samsung Fire & Marine</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sompo_Japan_Nipponkoa_Insurance" title="Sompo Japan Nipponkoa Insurance">Sompo Japan Nipponkoa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tokio_Marine" title="Tokio Marine">Tokio Marine</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Travelers_Companies" title="The Travelers Companies">Travelers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tryg" title="Tryg">Tryg</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/AIA_Group" title="AIA Group">AIA</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aviva" title="Aviva">Aviva</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bupa" title="Bupa">Bupa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Life_Insurance_Company" title="China Life Insurance Company">China Life</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/CNP_Assurances" title="CNP Assurances">CNP Assurances</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dai-ichi_Life" title="Dai-ichi Life">Dai-ichi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Eastern_Life" title="Great Eastern Life">Great Eastern</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jackson_National_Life" title="Jackson National Life">Jackson</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Knights_of_Columbus" title="Knights of Columbus">Knights of Columbus</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Legal_%26_General" title="Legal & General">Legal & General</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Life_Insurance_Corporation" title="Life Insurance Corporation">LIC</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lincoln_National_Corporation" title="Lincoln National Corporation">Lincoln National</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manulife</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Meiji_Yasuda_Life" title="Meiji Yasuda Life">Meiji Yasuda</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MetLife" title="MetLife">MetLife</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Life_Group" title="National Life Group">National Life</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_China_Life_Insurance" title="New China Life Insurance">New China Life</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_Life_Insurance_Company" title="New York Life Insurance Company">New York Life</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nippon_Life" title="Nippon Life">Nippon Life</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Northwestern_Mutual" title="Northwestern Mutual">Northwestern Mutual</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Old_Mutual" title="Old Mutual">Old Mutual</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phoenix_Group" title="Phoenix Group">Phoenix Group</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prudential_Financial" title="Prudential Financial">Prudential Financial</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Samsung_Life_Insurance" title="Samsung Life Insurance">Samsung Life</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Scottish_Widows" title="Scottish Widows">Scottish Widows</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Standard_Life" title="Standard Life">Standard</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sumitomo_Life" title="Sumitomo Life">Sumitomo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sun_Life_Financial" title="Sun Life Financial">Sun Life</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Swiss_Life" title="Swiss Life">Swiss Life</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taikang_Life_Insurance" title="Taikang Life Insurance">Taikang</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SunLife" title="SunLife">SunLife</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Reinsurance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Re" title="China Re">China Re</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gen_Re" title="Gen Re">Gen Re</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hannover_Re" title="Hannover Re">Hannover Re</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Korean_Reinsurance_Company" title="Korean Reinsurance Company">Korean Reinsurance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lloyd%27s_of_London" title="Lloyd's of London">Lloyd's of London</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Munich_Re" title="Munich Re">Munich Re</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/General_Insurance_Corporation_of_India" title="General Insurance Corporation of India">GIC</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Exor_(company)#PartnerRe" title="Exor (company)">PartnerRe</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reinsurance_Group_of_America" title="Reinsurance Group of America">Reinsurance Group of America</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SCOR_SE" title="SCOR SE">SCOR</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Swiss_Re" title="Swiss Re">Swiss Re</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Axa_XL" title="Axa XL">Axa XL</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small><i>Methodology: Applicable FY2013/14 revenues of over US$3 billion</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Insurance_industry_in_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1054937957"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Insurance_industry_in_China" title="Template:Insurance industry in China"><abbr title="View this template" style=";background:lightsteelblue;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Insurance_industry_in_China" title="Template talk:Insurance industry in China"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";background:lightsteelblue;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Insurance_industry_in_China&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background:lightsteelblue;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=China&#124;link=China_Insurance_industry_in_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Insurance_industry_in_China" title="Insurance industry in China">Insurance industry in China</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/AIA_Group" title="AIA Group">AIA Group</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anbang" title="Anbang">Anbang</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bank_of_China_Insurance" title="Bank of China Insurance">Bank of China Insurance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Export_and_Credit_Insurance_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="China Export and Credit Insurance Corporation">China Export & Credit Insurance Corporation (SINOSURE)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Re" title="China Re">China Re</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Taiping_Insurance_Holdings" title="China Taiping Insurance Holdings">China Taiping</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Life_Insurance_Company" title="China Life Insurance Company">China Life Insurance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Pacific_Insurance_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="China Pacific Insurance Group">China Pacific Insurance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_United_SME_Guarantee_Corporation" title="China United SME Guarantee Corporation">China United SME Guarantee Corporation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/FTLife" title="FTLife">FTLife</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/HSBC_Insurance_(Asia_Pacific)" title="HSBC Insurance (Asia Pacific)">HSBC Insurance (Asia Pacific)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Huaxia_Life_Insurance" title="Huaxia Life Insurance">Huaxia Life Insurance</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manulife</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Minsheng_Life_Insurance" title="Minsheng Life Insurance">Minsheng Life Insurance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_China_Life_Insurance" title="New China Life Insurance">New China Life Insurance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/People%27s_Insurance_Company_of_China" title="People's Insurance Company of China">People's Insurance Company of China</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PICC_Property_and_Casualty" title="PICC Property and Casualty">PICC Property and Casualty</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ping_An_Insurance" title="Ping An Insurance">Ping An Insurance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sun_Life_Financial" title="Sun Life Financial">Sun Life Financial</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taikang_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Taikang Life">Taikang Life</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tianan_Insurance" title="Tianan Insurance">Tianan Insurance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tokio_Marine_Nichido" title="Tokio Marine Nichido">Tokio Marine Nichido</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Union_Insurance_Society_of_Canton" title="Union Insurance Society of Canton">Union Insurance Society of Canton</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightsteelblue;">Regulatory Authority</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Banking_and_Insurance_Regulatory_Commission" title="China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission">China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission</a></li>
<li><s><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Insurance_Regulatory_Commission" title="China Insurance Regulatory Commission">China Insurance Regulatory Commission</a></s></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background:lightsteelblue;"><div>
<ul><li><i>See also:</i> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Insurance_companies_of_China" title="Category:Insurance companies of China">Category:Insurance companies of China</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_insurance_companies_in_Hong_Kong" title="List of insurance companies in Hong Kong">List of insurance companies in Hong Kong</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Investment_management" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1054937957"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Investment_management" title="Template:Investment management"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Investment_management" title="Template talk:Investment management"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Investment_management&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Investment_management" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Investment_management" title="Investment management">Investment management</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Investment_fund" title="Investment fund">Investment <br />fund<br />structures</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Common_contractual_fund" title="Common contractual fund">Common contractual fund</a> (CCF)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Exchange-traded_fund" title="Exchange-traded fund">Exchange-traded fund</a> (ETF)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fonds_commun_de_placement" title="Fonds commun de placement">Fonds commun de placement</a> (FCP)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fund_of_funds" title="Fund of funds">Fund of funds</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Index_fund" title="Index fund">Index fund</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Investment_trust" title="Investment trust">Investment trust</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hedge_fund" title="Hedge fund">Hedge fund</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Listed_investment_company" title="Listed investment company">Listed investment company</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Qualifying_investor_alternative_investment_fund#L-QIAIF" title="Qualifying investor alternative investment fund">Loan qualifying investor alternative investment fund</a> (LQIAIF)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mutual_fund" title="Mutual fund">Mutual fund</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Offshore_fund" title="Offshore fund">Offshore fund</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Open-ended_fund_company" title="Open-ended fund company">Open-ended fund company</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Open-ended_investment_company" title="Open-ended investment company">Open-ended investment company</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pension_fund" title="Pension fund">Pension fund</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Private-equity_fund" title="Private-equity fund">Private-equity fund</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Qualifying_investor_alternative_investment_fund" title="Qualifying investor alternative investment fund">Qualifying investor alternative investment fund</a> (QIAIF)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Real_estate_investment_trust" title="Real estate investment trust">Real estate investment trust</a> (REIT)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Royalty_trust" title="Royalty trust">Royalty trust</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SICAV" title="SICAV">SICAV</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Umbrella_fund" title="Umbrella fund">Umbrella fund</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Unit_investment_trust" title="Unit investment trust">Unit investment trust</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Unit_trust" title="Unit trust">Unit trust</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Unitised_insurance_fund" title="Unitised insurance fund">Unitised insurance fund</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Investment styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Active_management" title="Active management">Active</a> / <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Passive_management" title="Passive management">passive management</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hedge_fund" title="Hedge fund">Hedge Funds</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Impact_investing" title="Impact investing">Impact investing</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manager_of_managers_fund" title="Manager of managers fund">Manager of managers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Social_finance" title="Social finance">Social finance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Socially_responsible_investing" title="Socially responsible investing">Socially responsible investing</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Value_investing" title="Value investing">Value</a> / <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Growth_investing" title="Growth investing">growth investing</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Closed-end_fund" title="Closed-end fund">Closed-end fund</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Net_asset_value" title="Net asset value">Net asset value</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Open-end_fund" title="Open-end fund">Open-end fund</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Performance_fee" title="Performance fee">Performance fee</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arbitrage_pricing_theory" title="Arbitrage pricing theory">Arbitrage pricing theory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Efficient-market_hypothesis" title="Efficient-market hypothesis">Efficient-market hypothesis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fixed_income" title="Fixed income">Fixed income</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bond_duration" title="Bond duration">Duration</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bond_convexity" title="Bond convexity">Convexity</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Martingale_pricing" title="Martingale pricing">Martingale pricing</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Modern_portfolio_theory" title="Modern portfolio theory">Modern portfolio theory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yield_curve" title="Yield curve">Yield curve</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alternative_investment" title="Alternative investment">Alternative investment</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Robo-advisor" title="Robo-advisor">Robo-advisor</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Returns-based_style_analysis" title="Returns-based style analysis">Returns-based style analysis</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Traditional_investments" title="Traditional investments">Traditional investments</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Undertakings_for_Collective_Investment_in_Transferable_Securities_Directives" class="mw-redirect" title="Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities Directives">UCITS</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Brookfield_Asset_Management" title="Brookfield Asset Management">Brookfield</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Manulife Investment Management</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Power_Financial" title="Power Financial">Power Financial</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sun_Life_Financial" title="Sun Life Financial">Sun Life Financial</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">USA</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Affiliated_Managers_Group" title="Affiliated Managers Group">Affiliated Managers Group</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/AllianceBernstein" title="AllianceBernstein">AllianceBernstein</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ameriprise_Financial" title="Ameriprise Financial">Ameriprise Financial</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BlackRock" title="BlackRock">BlackRock</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BNY_Mellon_Investment_Management" title="BNY Mellon Investment Management">BNY Mellon Investment Management</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Capital_Group_Companies" title="Capital Group Companies">Capital Group</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Columbia_Threadneedle_Investments" title="Columbia Threadneedle Investments">Columbia Threadneedle</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dimensional_Fund_Advisors" title="Dimensional Fund Advisors">Dimensional</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Federated_Hermes" title="Federated Hermes">Federated Hermes</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fidelity_Investments" title="Fidelity Investments">Fidelity Investments</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Franklin_Templeton_Investments" title="Franklin Templeton Investments">Franklin Templeton</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Geode_Capital_Management" title="Geode Capital Management">Geode Capital</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Invesco" title="Invesco">Invesco</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MFS_Investment_Management" title="MFS Investment Management">MFS</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_Life_Investments" title="New York Life Investments">New York Life Investments</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Northern_Trust" title="Northern Trust">Northern Trust</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nuveen" title="Nuveen">Nuveen</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PGIM" title="PGIM">PGIM</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Principal_Financial_Group" title="Principal Financial Group">Principal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/PIMCO" title="PIMCO">PIMCO</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/State_Street_Global_Advisors" title="State Street Global Advisors">State Street Global Advisors</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/T._Rowe_Price" title="T. Rowe Price">T. Rowe Price</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Vanguard_Group" title="The Vanguard Group">Vanguard Group</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wellington_Management_Company" title="Wellington Management Company">Wellington Management</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/EMEA" class="mw-redirect" title="EMEA">EMEA</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amundi" title="Amundi">Amundi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Axa_Investment_Managers" title="Axa Investment Managers">AXA Investment Managers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BNP_Paribas_Asset_Management" title="BNP Paribas Asset Management">BNP Paribas Asset Management</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Natixis_Investment_Managers" title="Natixis Investment Managers">Natixis Investment Managers</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Germany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Allianz_Global_Investors" title="Allianz Global Investors">Allianz Global Investors</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DekaBank_(Germany)" title="DekaBank (Germany)">DekaBank</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/DWS_Group" title="DWS Group">DWS Group</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Union_Investment" title="Union Investment">Union Investment</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aegon_N.V." title="Aegon N.V.">Aegon N.V.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/APG_(pension_fund)" title="APG (pension fund)">APG</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/NN_Investment_Partners" title="NN Investment Partners">NN Investment Partners</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Robeco" title="Robeco">Robeco</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">UK</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abrdn" title="Abrdn">Abrdn</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aviva_Investors" title="Aviva Investors">Aviva Investors</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Baillie_Gifford" title="Baillie Gifford">Baillie Gifford</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fidelity_International" title="Fidelity International">Fidelity International</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Insight_Investment" title="Insight Investment">Insight Investment</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Janus_Henderson" title="Janus Henderson">Janus Henderson</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Legal_%26_General" title="Legal & General">Legal & General</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/M%26G" title="M&G">M&G</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Schroders" title="Schroders">Schroders</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asia-Pacific" title="Asia-Pacific">APAC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/AMP_Capital" title="AMP Capital">AMP Capital</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/First_Sentier_Investors" title="First Sentier Investors">First Sentier Investors</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/IFM_Investors" title="IFM Investors">IFM Investors</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Macquarie_Group" title="Macquarie Group">Macquarie Asset Management</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/China_Asset_Management" title="China Asset Management">China Asset Management</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/E_Fund_Management_(Hong_Kong)_Co.,_Limited" title="E Fund Management (Hong Kong) Co., Limited">E Fund Management</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Harvest_Fund_Management" title="Harvest Fund Management">Harvest Fund Management</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Japan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asset_Management_One" title="Asset Management One">Asset Management One</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mitsubishi_UFJ_Trust_and_Banking_Corporation" title="Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corporation">Mitsubishi UFJ Trust and Banking Corporation</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sumitomo_Mitsui_Trust_Holdings" title="Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Holdings">Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Holdings</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Korea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mirae_Asset_Financial_Group" title="Mirae Asset Financial Group">Mirae Asset Global Investments</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shinhan_Asset_Management" title="Shinhan Asset Management">Shinhan Asset Management</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="List-Class article" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" title="List-Class article" width="16" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_asset_management_firms" title="List of asset management firms">List of asset management firms</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1652574#identifiers&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1652574#identifiers&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1652574#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISNI_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISNI (identifier)">ISNI</a>
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122317824">1</a></span></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/VIAF_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifier)">VIAF</a>
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/157051628">1</a></span></li></ul></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n2005018234/">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n2005018234">United States</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00811269">Japan</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node ) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp ) | 1640741984 |