Examine individual changes

'{{short description|Brazilian public health scientist}} {{Multiple issues| {{BLP sources|date=July 2018}} {{like resume|date=July 2018}} {{overly detailed|date=May 2020}} }} {{Infobox person | name = Cristina Possas | image = Cristine de A. Possas, PhD - in Tamara's office.jpg | image_size = | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1948|6|5}} | birth_place = [[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil | death_date = | death_place = | alma_mater = *[[Harvard School of Public Health]], Post-doctoral work in International Health *[[Fiocruz]], National School of Public Health, PhD in Public Health, 1988 *[[UNICAMP]], Master's Degree in Social Sciences, 1980 *[[PUC-Rio]], Doctoral Degree in Psychology, 1972 | occupation = [[Ministry of Health (Brazil)|Minister of health]], [[public health]] research scientist, [[infectious disease]] research scientist, academic | years_active = 1985 — present | nationality = Brazilian | citizenship = Brazil | known_for = [[social epidemiology]], [[Medical research]], <br/>[[public health]], <br/>[[infectious disease]], <br/>[[Emerging infectious disease]] | title = Professor<br/>[[Fiocruz]] }} '''Cristina Possas de Albuquerque''' (born 5 June 1948) is a Brazilian [[public health]] scientist working with [[infectious diseases]] and [[emerging infectious disease]]s from an [[Ecosocial theory|eco-social]] perspective.<ref>Krieger, N., "Epidemiology and the web of causation: has anyone seen the spider?" Social Science and Medicine 1994; 39:887–903</ref><ref name="KriegerNancy">Krieger, Nancy (2011). Epidemiology and the People's Health : Theory and Context. Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|9780199750351}}.</ref> However, her approach to social ecosystem complexity is quite different from the four-fold eco-social approach of Harvard's Nancy Krieger in that she has proposed in a 2001 English-language article in the ''Brazilian Journal of Public Health Reports'' the concept of "social ecosystem health" where ecosystems are increasingly changed by social human activity, favoring the emergence of diseases, so the term "social" should precede the prefix "eco".<ref>Possas, C. 2001. Social ecosystem health: confronting the complexity and emergence of infectious diseases. Cadernos de Saúde Pública (Brazilian Journal of Public Health Reports) 17.1: 30-41.</ref><ref>Possas, C. 2001 Debate on the paper by David Waltner-Toews. Cadernos de Saúde Pública (''Brazilian Journal of Public Health Reports''), 17, S27-S28.</ref> <ref>Levins, R. and Lopez C. "Toward an ecosocial view of health", ''International Journal of Health Services'' 29(2):261-293, 1999. Her mentor and former colleague, Dr. [[Richard Levins]], had used the phrase "ecosocial view of health."</ref> Thus, she is known for (a) developing her new conceptual approach to [[social epidemiology]], incorporating the economic concept of structural heterogeneity into an epidemiological model to identify the epidemiological profiles of heterogeneous populations in different social and economic strata and the conditions for emergence of diseases; (b) contributions of health policy and health reform in Brazil; and research on health transition, ecological change, complex systems, and emergence of new diseases. She has been a Takemi Fellow at Harvard University in Boston,<ref name=":2">[http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/fellowships/takemi-fellowship-program/ Takemi Program], [[Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health]]</ref><ref name=":0">[http://ems.sph.harvard.edu/MasterCalendar/EventDetails.aspx?data=hHr80o3M7J5dSU1l%2F%2FAreV7Jd9fcjcVoCH%2BPlrX4uXxoT57ypPvhl%2BVQWaGVjPQ0 Cristina Possas: Zika and Dengue in Brazil: ecological, social, and anthropological perspectives]</ref> where for 10 years she has been a Visiting Scientist and a [[Fulbright Fellowship|Fulbright Fellow]], and a professor at [[FIOCRUZ]] in [[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil.<ref>[http://www.sigass.fiocruz.br/pub/programa/docente/espelho.do?codDados=37252 FIOCRUZ Faculty profile for Cristina de Albuquerque Possas, PhD] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160308061641/http://www.sigass.fiocruz.br/pub/programa/docente/espelho.do?codDados=37252 |date=2016-03-08 }}</ref> ==Career== {{further|Health in Brazil|Ministry of Health (Brazil)}} [[Image:Manguinhos_fiocruz2.jpg|thumb|right|260px|Façade of the [[Moorish Revival|Neo-Mouresque]] Palace of Manguinhos, seat of the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz in Rio de Janeiro.]] As a Brazilian Brazilian [[public health]] scientist working with [[infectious diseases]] from an [[Ecosocial theory|eco-social]] perspective,<ref name=":0" /> Cristina Possas de Albuquerque (Cristina Possas) has as a policymaker long worked closely with public health and environmental scientists and with human rights and social justice civil organizations. She also is a full professor at [[FIOCRUZ]] in Brazil, where in 1998 she had earned a PhD in [[public health]], and where she now does research on infectious diseases and teaches a course named "Scientific Methodology" in the Masters and Doctoral Programs. She has been also a Professor of Health Policy at the National School of Public Health at the [[Oswaldo Cruz Foundation]], Brazil. She was nominated in 1987 by the Brazilian Ministry of Health/Fiocruz to be the National Technical Coordinator of seven Groups supporting the Health Reform in Brazil, whose contributions were later incorporated into the new Brazilian 1988 Constitution. For a decade, she also has been a Takemi Fellow at Harvard University, a Visiting Scientist and [[Fulbright Fellowship|Fulbright Fellow]], and a member of the Harvard New Diseases Group, coordinated by the late [[Richard Levins]] and by [[Tamara Awerbuch-Friedlander]], collaborating with them and other outstanding members of the group in the organizing committee of the Woods Hole Conference on New Diseases, with articles with the group later published in a special supplement of the ''Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences'' on this conference and in other journals. She had held for 10 years a national position as the Head of the Research and Development Unit of the Brazilian National AIDS Program. She has worked for more than five decades in several national and international positions with the scientific community and civil society organizations. For ten years, she had been National Director of the Research and Technological Development Unit at the Brazilian [[AIDS]] Program in the Brazilian Ministry of Health, which has been recognized globally as an outstanding public health initiative with innovative approaches to the pandemics, always centering on free and universal access to prevention and treatment. She was invited by the Director of the National AIDS Program to conceive and create a new and innovative Research and Technological Development Unit in the Program's structure. She has given radio and television interviews on [[AIDS]],<ref>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZqG-W1Xyoac Entrevista, Dr. Cristina Possas discusses AIDS, Dec 16, 2015]</ref> [[dengue fever|dengue]], and [[zika fever|zika]].<ref name=":0" /> ==Recent experience== * Full professor, [[FIOCRUZ]] ([[Oswaldo Cruz Foundation]]/Instituto Oswaldo Cruz), [[Brazil]], 1985–present : Coordinated Master's, Doctoral, and Post-Doctoral Programs in Public Health and Clinical Research on Infectious Diseases. * Director, Research and Technological Development Unit, National AIDS Program, [[Ministry of Health (Brazil)|Ministry of Health]], [[Brazil]], 2002–2011. * National Executive Secretary, National Technical Biosafety Commission (CTNBio), Ministry of Science and Technology, Brazil, 2001–2002. * Advisor and research coordinator, Vice-President Technological Development, FIOCRUZ, 1999-2000. * Takemi Fellow in International Health, [[Harvard School of Public Health]], 1990–1994<ref>[https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/takemi/takemi-felllows/takemi-fellows-group-photos-1990-2000/ Takemi Fellows 1990-2000. Takemi Program in International Health. Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Accessed 11/19/2021]</ref> * [[Fulbright Fellow]], [[Harvard University]], 1990-1994. * Visiting Scientist, New Diseases Group, [[Harvard School of Public Health]], 1994–2002. * Director of Graduate Programs in Public Health, 1994- 1996. * Director, Nucleus of Special Studies for FIOCRUZ’s President, 1987-1989. * Scientific advisor of FIOCRUZ’ President and Coordinator of the National Technical Groups of National Health Reform supporting the new Brazilian 1988 Constitution, 1985-1987. * Visiting professor, ENSP-FIOCRUZ, 1982- 1983. ==Education== * 1991 – Post-doctoral, International Health, Harvard School of Public Health * 1988 – PhD in Public Health, National School of Public Health, FIOCRUZ * 1980 – Master's Degree in Social Sciences, UNICAMP * 1972 – Doctor in Psychology, PUC-RIO ==Selected publications== * Keswani C, Possas C, Koukios E Viaggi D. Agricultural Bioeconomy: Innovation and Foresight in the Post-COVID Era, AP, Elsevier, 2021, v.1. p.1. ISBN: 9780323905695 (in press). * Homma A, Possas C, Noronha J, Gadelha, P. [Vaccines and Vaccination in Brrazil: Horizons for the Next 20 years] (eds.) 1st. edition. Rio de Janeiro 2020. * Possas C. Larouze B. (eds.) 2013. Propriété intellectuelle et politiques publiques pour l’accès aux antirétroviraux dans les pays du Sud, ANRS, Collection Sciences Sociales et SIDA [Intellectual property and public policies for the access to antirretroviral drugs in the South countries], ANRS, Collection Social Sciences and AIDS]. * Castro, A.C., Possas, C., Godinho, M.M (orgs.) 2011. Intellectual property in Portuguese-speaking countries: themes and perspectives, E-papers. * Homma, A., Possas, C. (eds.) 2000. Estado da arte e prioridades para pesquisa e desenvolvimento em leptospirose [State of the Art and Priorities for Research and Development in Leptospirosis]. FIOCRUZ. * Possas, C. 1989. Epidemiologia e Sociedade: Heterogeneidade Estrutural e Saúde no Brasil [Epidemiology and Society: Structural Heterogeneity and Health in Brazil. Hucitec, São Paulo. * Possas, C. 1980. Saúde e Trabalho: a Crise da Previdência Social [Health and Labour: the crisis of Social Welfare in Brazil], [2nd edition in 1989]. Hucitec. [Winner award of honors from the Brazilian Society of Social Welfare Rights in 1981 for the best book on Social Welfare]. ==Awards and honors== * 2017. Nominated by Ministry of Education/Capes member of National Commission for Award of Best Doctoral Thesis in Medicine in the country. * 2015. Honour Award, Bio-Manguinhos/Fiocruz, III Annual Seminar * 2015. Fellowship from LAPCLIN/AIDS, INI, FIOCRUZ * 2013. Named by Nobel Prize Françoise Barré-Sinoussi member of two working groups at the [[International AIDS Society]]'s Initiative Towards an HIV Cure * 2012. Named by FIOCRUZ/BioManguinhos coordinator of national research on vaccine patents * 2011. Medal from National French Agency (French government medal) for AIDS and Viral Hepatitis Research (ANRS) for coordination of ANRS Brazilian research site in Brazil * 2011. Recognition plaque from ENSP-FIOCRUZ for coordination of Graduate Programs * 2011. Named member INCT-PPED (National Institute for Science and Technology in Public Policies, Strategies and Development) board, Institute of Economics, UFRJ * 2011. Director funded Research Fellowship, INI, FIOCRUZ * 2011. Named by [[Global HIV Vaccine Enterprise]] and WHO AIDS Vaccine Program member of organizing committee for the Octave Workshop in Brazil on HIV vaccine trial design and analysis * 2009. Named by [[IAVI]]'s President member of IAVI's Policy Advisory Committee * 2002. Named by Diretor of AIDS Program Director for the World Bank national research funding to the Brazilian Ministry of Health, AIDS III Program * 2001. Named by Minister of Science and Technology Coordinator of the National Code of Bioethics in Genetic Manipulations, with ministerial funding * 2001. Named by Minister of Science and Technology Brazilian representative in the Intergovernmental Meeting of the Biosafety Protocol of Cartagena (ICCP-3), Convention on Biological Diversity the Hague, Netherlands * 1993. CNPq Scientific Productivity Fellowship<ref name=":1" /> * 1993. Visiting Scientist appointment, funded by Harvard University. * 1993. Member, [[The New York Academy of Sciences]] * 1992. Takemi Fellow, Harvard University.<ref name=":2" /> * 1991. Fulbright Fellowship, Harvard University. * 1991. Capes Fellowship,<ref name=":1">[http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4789860T8 CNPq profile for Cristina de Albuquerque Possas]</ref> Harvard University * 1990. Named member CNPq scientific board, elected by scientific community in public health * 1989. [[FINEP]] ([[Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos]]) grant, Coordinator National Multicentric Project Evaluation Health Systems, FIOCRUZ, RJ<ref name=":1" /> * 1987. Lessa Bastos Award for best presentation on Intoxication and Poisoning in Brazil, Brazilian Society of Toxicology. * 1986. Named by Minister of Health member of the Advisory Committee for the 8th National Health Conference * 1984. Fellowship from Italian government for specialization in occupational epidemiology, Clinica del Lavoro. [[Università degli Studi di Milano]] * 1983. Capes Fellowship, Visiting professor ENSP-FIOCRUZ * 1983. [[FINEP]] research grant on Health System Evaluation, coordinating 7 subprojects, Medical School, [[PUC-Campinas]], SP<ref name=":1" /> * 1981. Prize, Brazilian Society of Social Welfare Law, Honors, Best Book on Social Welfare * 1974. Fellowship from [[Kellogg Foundation]]'s fund to the Laboratory of Medical Education (LEMC), Medical School, UNICAMP. ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZqG-W1Xyoac Entrevista, Dr. Cristina Possas discusses AIDS, Dec 16, 2015] {{Portal bar|Brazil|Environment|Medicine|South America|Viruses|Biography|Medicine}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Possas, Cristina}} [[Category:HIV/AIDS researchers]] [[Category:Brazilian women scientists]] [[Category:20th-century women scientists]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Women naturalists]] [[Category:Harvard School of Public Health people]] [[Category:South America articles needing expert attention]] [[Category:Brazilian educators]] [[Category:Brazilian feminists]] [[Category:Brazilian epidemiologists]] [[Category:1948 births]] [[Category:People from Rio de Janeiro (city)]]'