Examine individual changes

'{{Short description|Second-highest constitutional office of Egypt}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} {{Infobox official post |post = Vice-President |body = the<br />Arab Republic of Egypt |insignia = Coat of arms of Egypt (Official).svg |insigniasize = 120px |insigniacaption = Arms of the Government |image = |imagesize = 120px |imagecaption = |style = |residence = |appointer = [[President of Egypt]] |appointer_qualified = |precursor = |incumbent = Vacant |incumbentsince = 14 August 2013 |formation = 7 March 1958<br />14 July 2013 {{small|(Interim)}}<br />23 April 2019 |first = [[Sabri al-Asali]]<br />[[Akram al-Hawrani]]<br />[[Abdel Latif Boghdadi (politician)|Abdel Latif Boghdadi]]<br />[[Abdel Hakim Amer]] |last = [[Mahmoud Mekki]]<br />[[Mohamed ElBaradei]] {{small|(Interim)}} |abolished = 26 December 2012<br />18 January 2014 {{small|(Interim)}} |succession = |salary = }} {{Politics of Egypt}} The '''vice-president of the Arab Republic of Egypt''' is a senior official within the [[Egypt]]ian [[Government of Egypt|government]]. ==History of the office== ===Before 1971=== In 1962, [[President of Egypt|President]] [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] instituted [[collective leadership]] in Egypt, separating the post of [[Prime Minister of Egypt|Prime Minister]] from that of President and establishing a presidential council to deal with all issues formerly considered presidential prerogatives. Five of the council's 11 members were Vice-Presidents of Egypt.<ref>[http://jpress.org.il/Olive/APA/NLI_Heb/SharedView.Article.aspx?parm=BKIC5lYqFsbRhxROo8iDt27QgPOcsH9O%2FcZ8cnSH7cMt3oJMpZp3txSvkIUXfe5SYw%3D%3D&mode=image&href=DAV%2f1962%2f09%2f25&page=1&rtl=true Nasser institutes Collective Leadership], [[Davar]], 1962 (in [[Hebrew]])</ref> ===Under the 1971 Constitution=== According to article 139 of the [[1971 Constitution of Egypt|1971 Constitution]], the President "may appoint one or more Vice-Presidents define their jurisdiction and relieve them of their posts. The rules relating to the calling to account of the President of the Republic shall be applicable to the Vice-Presidents." The Constitution gave broad authority to the President to determine the number of Vice-Presidents, as well as their appointment, dismissal and duties of office. After the 2011 amendments, the president should appointed a vice president 60 days after his inauguration. ===Under the 2012 Constitution=== The [[Egyptian Constitution of 2012|2012 Constitution]] does not include the position of Vice-President.<ref>{{Cite news |title=VP not to continue according to new constitution|url=http://dailynewsegypt.com/2012/12/03/vp-not-to-continue-in-new-constitution/|author=Shalaby,Ethar|agency=Daily News Egypt|date=3 December 2012|access-date=3 December 2012}}</ref> With the adoption of the 2012 Constitution on 26 December 2012, the office of Vice-President was abolished. [[Mahmoud Mekki]] was the last person to hold the office before the adoption of the 2012 Constitution, having resigned on 22 December 2012. ===2013 Civilian Uprising=== After the overthrow of President [[Mohamed Morsi]] in the [[2013 Egyptian coup d'état]], the position of the Vice-President was briefly restored (with extra-constitutional basic) by Acting President [[Adly Mansour]], who appointed [[Mohamed ElBaradei]] to the post of Acting Vice-President on 7 July 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/07/world/meast/egypt-coup/index.html?hpt=hp_inthenews|title=Egyptian interim president nominates two for leadership posts|access-date=7 July 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2013/07/08/egypt-.html|title=Egypt's Salafist party rejects choices for premier, vice-president|agency=Al Arabiya|date=8 July 2013|access-date=8 July 2013}}</ref> He was sworn in on 14 July.<ref>Aya Batrawy, [http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/M/ML_EGYPT?SITE=AP&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT&CTIME=2013-07-14-09-57-19 "Egypt's defense minister defends ousting president"], Associated Press, 14 July 2013.</ref> On 14 August 2013, following [[August 2013 Rabaa massacre|a violent crackdown]] by security forces on supporters of deposed President Morsi, in which more than 800 people were killed,<ref>{{cite news|title=Egyptian security forces storm protesters' camps|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/egyptian-security-forces-move-against-protesters-camps/2013/08/14/bc079750-04a7-11e3-9259-e2aafe5a5f84_story.html|access-date=14 August 2013|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=14 August 2013}}</ref> ElBaradei resigned as Acting Vice President.<ref>{{cite news|title=Egypt's VP Mohamed ElBaradei resigns in protest against crackdown|url=http://www.latimes.com/news/world/worldnow/la-fg-wn-egypt-mohamed-elbaradei-resigns-20130814,0,5082837.story|access-date=14 August 2013|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=14 August 2013}}</ref> ===Under the 2014 Constitution=== Much like the [[Egyptian Constitution of 2012|2012 Constitution]], until 2019, the [[Egyptian Constitution of 2014|2014 Constitution]] also did not include the position of Vice-President. The office has since been restored following a [[2019 Egyptian constitutional referendum|constitutional referendum]]. == List of officeholders == This list contains Vice-Presidents of [[United Arab Republic]] (1958–71, included [[Syria]] until the [[1961 Syrian coup d'état|1961 coup d'état]]) and [[Egypt|Arab Republic of Egypt]] (1971–present).<ref>{{cite web| url = http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/330352/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-constitutional-changes-A-look-at-the-post-o.aspx| title = Egypt's constitutional changes: A look at the post of vice president - Politics - Egypt - Ahram Online}} </ref> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! rowspan=2| ! rowspan=2| Portrait ! rowspan=2| Name<br />{{small|(Birth–Death)}} ! colspan=3| Term of office ! rowspan=2| Political party ! rowspan=2| [[President of Egypt|President]] |- ! Took office ! Left office ! Time in office |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Party (Syria)}};" | | [[File:Sabri al-Assali.jpg|80px]] | [[Sabri al-Asali]]<br />صبري العسلي<br />{{small|(1903–1976)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1958|March|7}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1958|October|7}} | {{Age in years and days|1958|3|7|1958|10|7}} | [[National Party (Syria)|National Party]] | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region}};" | | [[File:Akram Hourani.jpg|80px]] | [[Akram al-Hawrani]]<br />أكرم الحوراني<br />{{small|(1912–1996)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1958|March|7}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1960|September|19}} | {{Age in years and days|1958|3|7|1960|9|19}} | [[Ba'ath Party]]<br />{{small|([[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region|Syria Region]])}} | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Union (United Arab Republic)}};" | | rowspan=2| [[File:Boghdadi, 1958.jpg|80px]] | rowspan=2| [[Abdel Latif Boghdadi (politician)|Abdel Latif Boghdadi]]<br />عبد اللطيف البغدادي<br />{{small|(1917–1999)}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1958|March|7}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1964|March|23}} | rowspan=2| {{Age in years and days|1958|3|7|1964|3|23}} | [[National Union (Egypt)|National Union]]<br />{{small|(until 1962)}} | rowspan=2| [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Union (United Arab Republic)}};" | | rowspan=2| [[File:عبد الحكيم عامر.jpg|80px]] | rowspan=2| [[Abdel Hakim Amer]]<br />محمد عبد الحكيم عامر<br />{{small|(1919–1967)}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1958|March|7}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1965|September|30}} | rowspan=2| {{Age in years and days|1958|3|7|1965|9|30}}|| [[National Union (Egypt)|National Union]]<br />{{small|(until 1962)}} | rowspan=2| [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Union (United Arab Republic)}};" | | [[File:Nur al-Din Kahala (cropped).jpg|80px]] | [[Nur al-Din Kahala]]<br />نور الدين كحالة<br />{{small|(1908–1965)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1960|September|20}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1961|October|18}} | {{Age in years and days|1960|9|20|1961|10|18}} | [[National Union (Egypt)|National Union]] | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Union (United Arab Republic)}};" | | [[File:Abdul Hamid Sarraj.jpg|80px]] | [[Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj]]<br />عبد الحميد السراج<br />{{small|(1925–2013)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1961|August|16}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1961|October|18}} | {{Age in years and days|1961|8|16|1961|10|18}} | [[National Union (Egypt)|National Union]] | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Union (United Arab Republic)}};" | | rowspan=2| [[File:Kamel el-Din Hussein.jpg|80px]] | rowspan=2| [[Kamal el-Din Hussein]]<br />كمال الدين حسين<br />{{small|(1921–1999)}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1961|August|16}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1964|March|23}} | rowspan=2| {{Age in years and days|1961|8|16|1964|3|23}} | [[National Union (Egypt)|National Union]]<br />{{small|(until 1962)}} | rowspan=2| [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Union (United Arab Republic)}};" | | rowspan=2| [[File:Zakaria Mohie ElDein.jpg|80px]] | rowspan=2| [[Zakaria Mohieddin]]<br />زكريا محيى الدين<br />{{small|(1918–2012)}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1961|August|16}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1964|March|23}} | rowspan=2| {{Age in years and days|1961|8|16|1964|3|23}} | [[National Union (Egypt)|National Union]]<br />{{small|(until 1962)}} | rowspan=2| [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Union (United Arab Republic)}};" | | rowspan=2| [[File:Hussein Al Shafei.JPG|80px]] | rowspan=2| [[Hussein el-Shafei]]<br />حسين محمود حسن الشافعي<br />{{small|(1918–2005)}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1961|August|16}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1965|September|30}} | rowspan=2| {{Age in years and days|1961|8|16|1965|9|30}} | [[National Union (Egypt)|National Union]]<br />{{small|(until 1962)}} | rowspan=2| [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[File:Anwar Sadat cropped.jpg|80px]] | [[Anwar Sadat]]<br />أنور السادات<br />{{small|(1918–1981)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1964|February|17}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1964|March|26}} | {{Age in years and days|1964|2|17|1964|3|26}} | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[File:Hassan Ibrahim, 1952.jpg|80px]] | [[Hassan Ibrahim]]<br />حسن ابراهيم<br />{{small|(1917–1990)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1964|February|17}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1966|January|27}} | {{Age in years and days|1964|2|17|1966|1|27}} | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[File:Zakaria Mohie ElDein.jpg|80px]] | [[Zakaria Mohieddin]]<br />زكريا محيى الدين<br />{{small|(1918–2012)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1965|October|1}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1968|March|20}} | {{Age in years and days|1965|10|1|1968|3|20}} | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[File:Ali Sabri 1966.jpg|80px]] | [[Ali Sabri]]<br />على صبرى<br />{{small|(1920–1991)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1965|October|1}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1968|March|20}} | {{Age in years and days|1965|10|1|1968|3|20}} | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[File:Hussein Al Shafei.JPG|80px]] | [[Hussein el-Shafei]]<br />حسين محمود حسن الشافعي<br />{{small|(1918–2005)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1968|March|20}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1969|December|19}} | {{Age in years and days|1968|3|20|1973|1|16}} | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]]<br />[[Anwar Sadat|Sadat]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[File:Anwar Sadat cropped.jpg|80px]] | [[Anwar Sadat]]<br />أنور السادات<br />{{small|(1918–1981)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1969|December|19}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1970|October|14}} | {{Age in years and days|1969|12|19|1970|10|14}} | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] | [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasser]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[File:Ali Sabri 1966.jpg|80px]] | [[Ali Sabri]]<br />على صبرى<br />{{small|(1920–1991)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1970|October|30}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1971|May|2}} | {{Age in years and days|1970|10|30|1971|5|2}} | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] | [[Anwar Sadat|Sadat]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | [[File:Mahmoud Fawzy.jpg|80px]] | [[Mahmoud Fawzi]]<br />محمود فوزى<br />{{small|(1900–1981)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1972|January|16}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|1974|September|18}} | {{Age in years and days|1972|1|16|1974|9|18}} | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]] | [[Anwar Sadat|Sadat]] |- | colspan=8| Vacant ({{Dts|format=dmy|1974|September|18}} – {{Dts|format=dmy|1975|April|16}}) |- ! style="background:{{party color|Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)}};" | | rowspan=2| [[File:Hosni Mubarak ritratto.jpg|80px]] | rowspan=2| [[Hosni Mubarak]]<br />حسنى مبارك<br />{{small|(1928–2020)}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1975|April|16}} | rowspan=2| {{Dts|format=dmy|1981|October|14}} | rowspan=2| {{Age in years and days|1975|4|16|1981|10|14}} | [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]]<br />{{small|(until 1978)}} | rowspan=2| [[Anwar Sadat|Sadat]] |- ! style="background:{{party color|National Democratic Party (Egypt)}};" | | [[National Democratic Party (Egypt)|National Democratic Party]] |- | colspan=8| Vacant ({{Dts|format=dmy|1981|October|14}} – {{Dts|format=dmy|2011|January|29}}) |- ! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | | [[File:Omar Suleiman 070731-D-7203T-010 0WX8I.jpg|80px]] | [[Omar Suleiman (politician)|Omar Suleiman]]<br />عمر سليمان<br />{{small|(1936–2012)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|2011|January|29}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|2011|February|11}} | {{Age in years and days|2011|1|29|2011|2|11}} | [[Independent politician|Independent]] | [[Hosni Mubarak|Mubarak]] |- | colspan=8| Vacant ({{Dts|format=dmy|2011|February|11}} – {{Dts|format=dmy|2012|August|12}}) |- ! style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | | [[File:Coat of arms of Egypt (Official).svg|80px]] | [[Mahmoud Mekki]]<br />محمود مكي<br />{{small|(born 1954)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|2012|August|12}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|2012|December|22}} | {{Age in years and days|2012|8|12|2012|12|22}} | [[Independent politician|Independent]] | [[Mohamed Morsi|Morsi]] |- | colspan=8| Vacant ({{Dts|format=dmy|2012|December|22}} – {{Dts|format=dmy|2012|December|26}}) |- | colspan=8| Post abolished ({{Dts|format=dmy|2012|December|26}} – {{Dts|format=dmy|2013|July|14}}) |- ! style="background:{{party color|Constitution Party (Egypt)}};" | | [[File:Mohamed ElBaradei.jpg|80px]] | [[Mohamed ElBaradei]]<br />محمد البرادعي<br />{{small|(born 1942)}}<br />{{small|(Interim)}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|2013|July|14}} | {{Dts|format=dmy|2013|August|14}} | {{Age in years and days|2013|7|14|2013|8|14}} | [[Constitution Party (Egypt)|Constitution Party]] | ''[[Adly Mansour|Mansour]]''<br />{{small|(Interim)}} |- | colspan=8| Vacant ({{Dts|format=dmy|2013|August|14}} – {{Dts|format=dmy|2014|January|18}}) |- | colspan=8| Post abolished ({{Dts|format=dmy|2014|January|18}} – {{Dts|format=dmy|2019|April|23}}) |- | colspan=8| Vacant ({{Dts|format=dmy|2019|April|23}} – present) |} ==References== {{reflist}} * El-Gawady, Mohamed:[https://ar.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A&stable=1][https://books.google.com/books?id=E0YzAAAAIAAJ&q=inauthor:%22Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+Jaw%C4%81d%C4%AB%22+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9&dq=inauthor:%22Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+Jaw%C4%81d%C4%AB%22+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9&hl=ar&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifz_7m7fzLAhUiIJoKHQniDioQ6AEIGjAA Cabinets during period of Revolution] (1986) * Hafez, Salah: Democracy Shock (2001) ==External links== * http://nasser.bibalex.org/Days/DaysAll.aspx?CS=1&x=5 {{Deputy heads of state and government of Africa}} [[Category:Vice-presidents of Egypt| ]] [[Category:Vice presidents|Egypt]]'