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'{{Expand language|otherarticle=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincia_de_Ja%C3%A9n_(Espa%C3%B1a)|langcode=es|name=Provincia de Jaén (España)|date=December 2021}}{{short description|Province of Spain}} {{Infobox settlement | name = Jaén | native_name = | native_name_lang = <!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "es" for Spanish --> | type = [[Provinces of Spain|Province]] | image_skyline = Montes_de_Jaén.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = Bandera de la provincia de Jaén.svg | flag_size = | flag_alt = | image_shield = Escudo de la provincia de Jaén.svg | shield_size = | shield_alt = | motto = | anthem = | image_map = Jaen in Spain.svg | map_alt = | map_caption = Map of Spain with Jaén highlighted | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|38|00|N|3|30|W|region:ES_type:adm2nd_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = [[Spain]] | subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous community]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Andalusia]] | established_title = | established_date = | seat_type = Capital | seat = [[Jaén, Spain|Jaén]] | government_type = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party|PSOE]] | leader_title = President | leader_name = Francisco Reyes | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 13484 | area_rank = [[List of Spanish provinces by area|Ranked 14th]] | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | blank_name_sec1 = Official language(s) | blank_info_sec1 = [[Spanish language|Spanish]] | population_footnotes = | population_total = 627,190 | population_as_of = 2021 | population_rank = [[List of Spanish provinces by population|Ranked 23rd]] | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | blank_name_sec2 = Parliament | blank_info_sec2 = [[Cortes Generales]] | blank1_name_sec2 = [[Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Congress seats]] | blank1_info_sec2 = | blank2_name_sec2 = [[Spanish Senate|Senate seats]] | blank2_info_sec2 = | blank3_name_sec2 = | blank3_info_sec2 = | time_zone = | utc_offset = | time_zone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = | timezone1 = | utc_offset1 = | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | website = [http://www.dipujaen.com dipujaen.com] | footnotes = }} '''Jaén''' ({{IPA-es|xaˈen}}) is a [[provinces of Spain|province]] of southern [[Spain]], in the eastern part of the [[Autonomous communities of Spain|autonomous community]] of [[Andalusia]]. It is bordered by the provinces of [[Ciudad Real (province)|Ciudad Real]], [[Albacete (province)|Albacete]], [[Granada (province)|Granada]] and [[Córdoba Province, Spain|Córdoba]]. Its capital is [[Jaén, Spain|Jaén]] city. Its area is [[1 E10 m²|13,484 km²]]. Its population is 657,387 (2003), about one sixth of whom living in the capital. It contains [[List of municipalities in Jaén|97 municipalities]]. The highest point of the province is [[Pico Mágina]] (2165 m).<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sendanatura.com/vista-actividades/138 |title= Objetivo: Pico Mágina (Jaén) | language = es |author= <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website= www.sendanatura.com |access-date=March 17, 2015}}</ref> One of the less-known provinces of Spain, compared to the tourist-oriented coast, it has four national parks and many other protected natural areas. The province also contains two [[Renaissance]] cities, [[Úbeda]] and [[Baeza, Spain|Baeza]], both recently declared [[World Heritage Site]]s by UNESCO. The province has among the highest concentration of [[List of castles in Spain|castle]]s in the world outside [[the Levant]], thanks to its strategic position during the ''[[Reconquista]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://elpais.com/diario/2009/09/02/andalucia/1251843738_850215.html |title= Tierra de castillos y batallas |author= Ginés Donaire |website= [[El País]] }}</ref> The annual [[Linares chess tournament|chess tournament]], held until 2010 in [[Linares, Jaén|Linares]], attracted many of the world's best players. The province is the largest producer of [[olive oil]] in the world. It produces around 45% of all Spanish olive oil and 20% of the world's production. For this reason the province is also known as ''World Capital of Olive Oil''.<ref>{{Cite web|title = An Olive Oil Cultural Center And Museum in Jaén|url = http://www.oliveoiltimes.com/olive-oil-basics/world/jaen-olive-oil-center/3857|website = Olive Oil Times|access-date = 2015-10-10|language = en}}</ref> There are more than 66 million olive trees, spread over a surface of 550,000 [[hectare]]s.<ref name=elpaisaceite>{{cite web |url= http://elpais.com/elpais/2016/09/02/inenglish/1472821101_197056.html |title= Spanish olive oil lights up Times Square |editor=Elpais.com |author= Sandro Pozzi <!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website= www.elpais.com |access-date=January 21, 2017}}</ref> The province alone produces more olive oil than the entire country of Italy.<ref name=elpaisaceite/> The province's production in 2013 was 749.387 [[tonnes]] of olive oil. == Symbols == === Flag === The flag of the province of Jaén was approved by the Provincial Council of Jaén, in the plenary session held on March 3, 2014 and registered in the Andalusian Registry of Local Entities, complying with Law 6/2003, of October 9 of Symbols, Processing and Registration of Andalusian Local Entities. The flag is arranged in a rectangular cloth with a proportion of 1/1.5, being longer than it is wide. It has an area of 10x15 sectors, with the shield being three sectors high and eight sectors wide; and occupying six sectors high and five sectors wide. The flag is green pantone color 377, in reference to the natural heritage of the province. [[File:Panorámica olivar Jaén01.jpg|300px|thumb|View of an olive grove, at the north of [[Jaen, Spain|Jaén]].]] ==Population== The historical population is given in the following chart: <timeline> Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.7) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) ImageSize = width:600 height:auto barincrement:30 PlotArea = left:40 bottom:40 top:20 right:20 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:800 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal AlignBars = late ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:100 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:50 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo PlotData= color:skyblue width:20 shift:(-50,-5) fontsize:M anchor:till bar:1877 from:0 till:403 text:403,441 bar:1887 from:0 till:428 text:428,152 bar:1900 from:0 till:470 text:469,881 bar:1910 from:0 till:525 text:524,516 bar:1920 from:0 till:591 text:590,570 bar:1930 from:0 till:674 text:674,345 bar:1940 from:0 till:761 text:760,847 bar:1950 from:0 till:782 text:781,228 bar:1960 from:0 till:747 text:746,941 bar:1970 from:0 till:668 text:668,206 bar:1980 from:0 till:640 text:639,821 bar:1990 from:0 till:638 text:637,633 bar:2000 from:0 till:644 text:643,820 bar:2010 from:0 till:668 text:667,484 bar:2020 from:0 till:631 text:631,381 TextData= pos:(35,20) fontsize:M text:"Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, INE" </timeline> == See also == * [[List of municipalities in Jaén]] == References== {{Reflist|2}} == External links == {{commons category|Province of Jaén}} * {{in lang|es}} [http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/servtc5/ventana/mostrarFicha.do?idEspacio=7421 Despeñaperros Natural Park] * {{in lang|es}} [http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/servtc5/ventana/mostrarFicha.do?idEspacio=7422 Sierra de Andújar Natural Park] * {{in lang|es}} [http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/servtc5/ventana/mostrarFicha.do?idEspacio=7424 Sierra Mágina Natural Park] * {{in lang|es}} [http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/medioambiente/servtc5/ventana/mostrarFicha.do?idEspacio=7423 Sierras de Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas Natural Park] *{{in lang|es}} [http://www.turismoencazorla.com Cazorla, Segura y Las Villas] *{{in lang|en}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110911212857/http://www.castillodelairuela.es/english.html Photo album from La Iruela Castle - Jaén - Andalusia] {{Jaen}} {{Andalusian provinces}} {{Provinces of Spain}} {{Portal bar|Spain}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Jaen, Province of}} [[Category:Province of Jaén (Spain)| ]] {{andalusia-geo-stub}}'