Examine individual changes

'{{short description|Set of nine gods in Mesoamerican mythology}} {{for|the Venetian office|Lords of the Night (Venice)}} {{Further|List of Aztec deities}} {{See also|Lords of the Day}} [[File:Codex Borgia page 14.jpg|500px|thumb|Lords of the Night in [[Codex Borgia]] (1a) Tlaloc, (1b) Tepeyollotl, (1c) Tlazolteotl, (2a) Centeotl, (2b) Mictlantecuhtli, (2c) Chalchiuhtlicue, (3a) Piltzintecuhtli, (3b) Tezcatlipoca, (3c) Xiuhtecuhtli. The actual reading order of the panels is [[boustrophedon]] and begins in the bottom right: 3c, 3b, 3a, 2a, 2b, 2c, 1c, 1b, 1a.]] In [[Mesoamerican mythology]] the '''Lords of the Night''' ({{lang-nci|Yoalteuctin}}{{citation needed|date=February 2018}}) are a set of nine [[deity|gods]] who each ruled over every ninth night forming a calendrical cycle. Each lord was associated with a particular fortune, bad or good, that was an omen for the night that they ruled over.<ref>Anthony F. Aveni. 2001. Skywatchers: A Revised and Updated Version of Skywatchers of Ancient Mexico. University of Texas Press. pp. 156-57</ref> The lords of the night are known in both the [[Aztec calendar|Aztec]] and [[Maya calendar]], although the specific names of the Maya Night Lords are unknown.<ref>Gabrielle Vail, Christine L. Hernández. 2010. Astronomers, Scribes, and Priests: Intellectual Interchange Between the Northern Maya Lowlands and Highland Mexico in the Late Postclassic Period. Harvard University Press p. 291</ref> The [[Mayan script|glyphs]] corresponding to the night gods are known and Mayanists identify them with labels G1 to G9, the G series. Generally, these glyphs are frequently used with a fixed glyph coined F. The only Mayan light lord that has been identified is the God G9, [[Pauahtun]] the Aged Quadripartite God.<ref>Lynn V. Foster. 2005. Handbook to Life in the Ancient Maya World. Oxford University Press. p. 259</ref><ref>http://www.pauahtun.org/Calendar/gglyph.html {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060222011801/http://www.pauahtun.org/Calendar/gglyph.html |date=2006-02-22 }} Night Gods discussion in Pauahtun</ref> The existence of a 9 nights cycle in Mesoamerican calendrics was first discovered in 1904 by [[Eduard Seler]]. The Aztec names of the Deities are known because their names are glossed in the [[Codex Telleriano-Remensis]] and [[Codex Tudela]]. Seler argued that the 9 lords each corresponded to one of the nine levels of the underworld and ruled the corresponding hour of the night time, this argument has not generally been accepted, since the evidence suggests that the lord of a given night ruled over that entire night.<ref name="boone"/> [[Zelia Nuttall]] argued that the Nine Lords of the Night represented the nine moons of the [[Lunar year]].<ref>Zelia Nuttall. 1904. The Periodical Adjustments of the Ancient Mexican Calendar. American Anthropologist , New Series, Vol. 6, No. 4 pp. 486-500</ref> The cycle of the Nine Lords of the Night held special relation to the [[Mesoamerican calendars#Ritual 260-day calenda|Mesoamerican ritual calendar]] of 260-days and nights which includes exactly 29 groups of 9 nights each, and also, approximately, 9 vague lunations of 29 days each. The Nine Lords of the Night in Aztec mythology are:<ref name="boone">Elizabeth Hill Boone. 2007. Cycles of Time and Meaning in the Mexican Books of Fate. University of Texas Press pp. 44-45</ref> : [[Xiuhtecuhtli]] ("Turquoise/Year/Fire Lord") : [[Tezcatlipoca]] ("Smoking Mirror") : [[Piltzintecuhtli]] ("Prince Lord") : [[Centeotl]] ("Maize God") : [[Mictlantecuhtli]] ("Underworld Lord") : [[Chalchiuhtlicue]] ("Jade Is Her Skirt") : [[Tlazolteotl]] ("Filth God[dess]") : [[Tepeyollotl]] ("Mountain Heart") : [[Tlaloc]] (Rain God) == Sources == {{Reflist}} {{Aztec mythology}} {{Maya}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lords Of The Night}} [[Category:Aztec mythology and religion]] [[Category:Mesoamerican calendars]] [[Category:Mesoamerican mythology and religion]] [[Category:Aztec calendars]] [[Category:Maya calendars]] [[Category:Night deities]] [[Category:Nonets]]'