Examine individual changes

'{{Other uses|Oxygene (disambiguation){{!}}Oxygene}} {{Infobox album | name = Oxygène | type = studio | artist = [[Jean-Michel Jarre]] | cover = Oxygene_album_cover.jpg | alt = | released = December 1976 | recorded = August–November 1976 | studio = Jean-Michel Jarre's home studio, Paris | genre = {{hlist|[[Electronic music|Electronic]]|[[Ambient music|ambient]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Essential albums: Jean-Michel Jarre |url=http://ambientmusicguide.com/a-z-essential-albums/jean-michel-jarre/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209224146/http://ambientmusicguide.com/a-z-essential-albums/jean-michel-jarre/ |archive-date=9 December 2016 |website=Ambient Music Guide |access-date=11 June 2022 |language=en-AU}}</ref>|[[space music]]<ref>Listed in "A Classic Space Music Countdown to Liftoff: 10 Essential classic space music albums, counting down from 10 to 1" [http://www.echoes.org/TimeWarped.html ''Time Warped in Space'' by Echoes Radio producer and host, John Diliberto] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070407044440/http://www.echoes.org/TimeWarped.html |date=2007-04-07 }}.</ref>}} | length = 39:39 | label = [[Disques Dreyfus]]/[[Polydor Records|Polydor]] | producer = [[Jean-Michel Jarre]] | prev_title = Les Granges Brûlées | prev_year = 1973 | next_title = [[Équinoxe]] | next_year = 1978 | misc = {{Singles | name = Oxygène | type = studio | single1 = [[Oxygène (Part IV)]] | single1date = July 1977 <small>(UK)</small> | single2 = Oxygène (Part II) | single2date = 1977 <small>(France)</small> }} }} '''''Oxygène''''' ({{IPA-fr|ɔksiˈʒɛn}}, {{lang-en|Oxygen}}) is the third studio album by French [[Electronic music|electronic]] musician and composer [[Jean-Michel Jarre]]. It was first released in France in December 1976 by [[Dreyfus Records|Disques Dreyfus]], and distributed internationally in 1977 by [[Polydor Records]]. It was supported by two singles, "Oxygène (Part II)" and "[[Oxygène (Part IV)]]". Jarre recorded the album in the makeshift studio that he set up in his apartment in Paris, using a variety of [[analog synthesizer]]s, a [[digital synthesizer]], and other electronic instruments and effects. Following the international success of the single "Oxygène (Part IV)", the album became Jarre's breakthrough. ''Oxygène'' has been described as the album that "led the synthesizer revolution of the Seventies"<ref name="Green">{{cite news |last=Green |first=Thomas H. |title=Oxygene: ba-boo-boo beew |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |location=London, England |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/3672108/Oxygene-ba-boo-boo-beew.html |date=27 March 2008 |access-date=14 March 2009}}</ref> and "an infectious combination of bouncy, bubbling analog sequences and memorable hook lines".<ref>{{cite book |first=Greg |last=Rule |title=Electro Shock!: Groundbreakers of Synth Music |page=238 |url=https://archive.org/details/electroshock00greg/page/238 |publisher=Backbeat Books |date=1999 |isbn=978-0-8793-0582-6}}</ref> == Background == Prior to the recording of ''Oxygène'', Jarre had spent many years working with early analogue synthesizers and [[tape loop]]s while part of the Groupe de Recherches Musicales, founded and led by [[Pierre Schaeffer]].<ref name="soundonsound" /><ref name="Hughesp303">{{Harvnb|Hughes|Reader|2003|p=303}}</ref> He had sold his electric guitar and amplifier to be able to buy his first synthesizer, an [[EMS VCS 3]], which he used on all his subsequent albums.<ref>{{cite news |title=Jean-Michel Jarre fuses Snowden and synths for his rebellious 'Electronica' album project |url=https://www.kpcc.org/show/the-frame/2017-02-10/jean-michel-jarre-fuses-snowden-and-synths-for-his-rebellious-electronica-album-project |access-date=23 August 2022 |work=KPCC - NPR News for Southern California - 89.3 FM |date=10 February 2017 |language=en}}</ref> In the kitchen of his apartment on Rue de la Trémoille, near the [[Champs-Élysées]], París, Jarre set up a makeshift small recording studio. It included the EMS VCS 3,<ref name="Redbull interview">{{Citation | last = Thévenin | first = Patrick | title = Synth-Aesthesia: Jean-Michel Jarre's Favorite Keys | url = http://www.redbullmusicacademy.com/magazine/jarre-synth | publisher = redbullmusicacademy.com | date = 3 May 2012 | access-date = 5 May 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130501050341/http://www.redbullmusicacademy.com/magazine/jarre-synth | archive-date = 1 May 2013 | url-status = dead }}</ref> and an [[EMS Synthi AKS]], each linked to [[Revox]] tape machines.<ref name="Remilleuxp27">{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=27}}</ref> In 1972, Jarre released a version of [[Gershon Kingsley]]'s "[[Popcorn (instrumental)|Popcorn]]" under the pseudonyms Pop Corn Orchestra and Jammie Jeferson.<ref>{{cite web |title=To «Pop corn» (1969), είναι το πιο αναγνωρισμένο και το πιο αγέραστο electro-pop κομμάτι στην ιστορία της μουσικής |url=https://www.lifo.gr/culture/music/pop-corn-1969-einai-pio-anagnorismeno-kai-pio-agerasto-electro-pop-kommati-stin |website=[[Lifo (magazine)|Lifo]] |access-date=13 August 2022 |language=el |date=13 January 2020}}</ref> The track would serve as an inspiration for his most successful single, "[[Oxygène (Part IV)]]".<ref>{{cite web |title=A Beginner's Guide To JEAN-MICHEL JARRE |url=https://www.electricityclub.co.uk/a-beginners-guide-to-jean-michel-jarre/ |website=ELECTRICITYCLUB.CO.UK |access-date=3 July 2022 |date=9 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Oxygene by Jean-Michel Jarre |url=https://www.newdirectionsinmusic.com/oxygene-by-jean-michel-jarre/ |website=New Directions In Music |access-date=3 July 2022 |language=en |date=28 September 2020}}</ref> In the same year Jarre released his debut album, ''Deserted Palace''<ref>{{cite web |title=Jean Michel Jarre - Oxygene :: Le Pietre Miliari di OndaRock |url=https://www.ondarock.it/pietremiliari/jeanmicheljarre_oxygene.htm |website=OndaRock |access-date=21 August 2022 |language=it |date=16 May 2010}}</ref> and the following year he composed the soundtrack for the French drama film ''Les Granges Brûlées'' (English: ''[[The Burned Barns]]'').<ref>{{cite web |last=Lanoye |first=Mickaël |title=Test Blu-ray : Les granges brûlées |url=https://www.critique-film.fr/test-blu-ray-les-granges-brulees/ |website=Critique Film |access-date=21 August 2022 |language=fr-FR |date=16 April 2021}}</ref> However, the single and the albums were not commercial successes. In 1974, Jarre attended a conference in [[Issy-les-Moulineaux]] on the [[analog synthesizer]] and the [[ARP 2600]], organised by the French sound engineer and musical instrument designer [[Michel Geiss]].{{Sfn|Duguay|2018|p=28-29}} Shortly after meeting, Jarre and Geiss started working together during the recording of Jarre's next album. Geiss, who at that time worked as a maintenance technician at {{Interlanguage link|Barclay studios|fr|Disques Barclay}},{{Sfn|Jarre|2019}} advised Jarre on the purchase of instruments and was in charge of his programming and recording.{{Sfn|Duguay|2018|p=31-33}} In this way, Jarre managed to finance the purchase of different products like a Scully 8-track recorder and a mixture of [[Ampex]] 256 and 3M tape.<ref name="soundonsound">{{Citation | last = Flint | first = Tom | title = Jean-Michel Jarre – 30 Years of Oxygene | url = http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/feb08/articles/jmjarre.htm | work = Sound on Sound | date = February 2008 | access-date = 28 May 2009}}</ref><ref name="jeanmicheljarre.es">{{cite web |title=Interview with Michel Geiss (I) |url=https://en.jeanmicheljarre.es/2014/03/25/interview-with-michel-geiss-i/ |website=Fairlight Jarre |access-date=24 August 2022 |date=25 March 2014}}</ref> ==Recording== [[File:Korg Mini-Pops 7.jpg|thumb|The Korg Mini Pops-7 drum machine]] Jarre recorded ''Oxygène'' between August and November 1976, using the makeshift recording studio set up in the kitchen of his apartment located in the Rue de la Trémoille, mear the [[Champs-Élysées]] in Paris.<ref>{{cite AV media notes |title=Oxygène |date=1997 |type=booklet |publisher=Disques Dreyfus/Epic |id=487375 2}}</ref><ref name="The Guardian" /><ref name="mojo2015">{{cite journal |title=Mojo Magazine - November 2015 |journal=[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]] |date=20 November 2015 |page=45 |url=https://ia804508.us.archive.org/24/items/mojo-november-2015/Mojo%20-%20November%202015.pdf |access-date=25 August 2022 |format=pdf}}</ref> During the recording of the album Jarre used a tape Revox to delay the sound coming out of a speaker in order to achieve a "huge sense of space".<ref name="The Guardian" /> This liberal use of [[Echo (phenomenon)|echo]] was used on the various sound effects generated by the EMS VCS 3 synthesiser.<ref name="Green" /> On this album Jarre also used an [[ARP 2600]] synthesiser, previously used on his collaborations with French singer [[Christophe (singer)|Christophe]].<ref>{{Citation | last = Thévenin | first = Patrick | title = Synth-Aesthesia: Jean-Michel Jarre's Favorite Keys | url = http://www.redbullmusicacademy.com/magazine/jarre-synth | publisher = redbullmusicacademy.com | date = 3 May 2012 | access-date = 5 May 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130501050341/http://www.redbullmusicacademy.com/magazine/jarre-synth | archive-date = 1 May 2013 | url-status = dead }}</ref> Jarre also used other synthesizers and electronic instruments such as the [[RMI Harmonic Synthesizer]], the [[Farfisa]] professional organ, and the [[Korg Mini Pops|Mini Pops-7]] drum machine.<ref name="liner notes">{{Cite AV media notes |title=Oxygène |title-link=Oxygène |others=Jean-Michel Jarre |date=1977 |type=booklet |publisher=Disques Dreyfus |id=27 646-9}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Korg KEIO Mini Pops 7 Rhythm Machine |url=https://www.synthtopia.com/content/2009/12/12/korg-keio-minipops-7-rhythm-machine/ |website=Synthtopia |access-date=25 August 2022 |date=12 December 2009}}</ref> The [[Eminent 310 Unique]] organ was run on the Electro-Harmonix Small Stone phaser to provide the string pads used on the album.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Musicpublished |first1=Future |title=9 essential tips for using stompboxes in your studio |url=https://www.musicradar.com/tuition/tech/9-essential-tips-for-using-stompboxes-in-your-studio-623530 |website=MusicRadar |access-date=26 August 2022 |language=en |date=22 June 2015}}</ref> Jarre used the few functional keys that his old [[Mellotron]] had to write "Oxygène (Part II)". Some of the drum sounds on the album were produced using two of the Mini Pops presets simultaneously – "Oxygène (Part IV)" mixed the "[[Rock music|rock]]" and "[[slow rock]]" presets, while "Oxygene (Part VI)" mixed the "[[rumba]]" and "[[bossa nova]]" presets.<ref name="The Guardian">{{cite news |last=Simpson |first=Dave |title=Jean-Michel Jarre: how we made ''Oxygène'' |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=16 October 2018 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/oct/16/jean-michel-jarre-michel-granger-oxygene |access-date=25 September 2021}}</ref> The album was mixed by sound engineer Jean-Pierre Janiaud and his assistant Patrick Foulon at the Gang studio.<ref name="liner notes" /> == Artwork == In 1976, the French painter [[Michel Granger]] held an exhibition of his works in Paris, which included a 30 x 40 cm watercolor called ''Oxygène''. Jarre bought the painting and told Granger that he wanted to use it as the album cover. The only change that was made was to make it square to adapt it to the shape of an album sleeve. Jarre told the English newspaper ''[[The Guardian]]'' that "in a way, I wanted to link everything to nature and environmental issues". Granger later said in that same magazine that "''Oxygène'' was part of a series about the damage being done to our planet. It was a pretty violent image for a record cover." He added, "That picture is the best known of all my work. It's my [[Mona Lisa]]. But I don't feel like it belongs to me any more. It belongs to anyone who loves the music of Jean-Michel Jarre."<ref name="The Guardian" /> == Release == {{listen | pos=right | filename=Jean Michel Jarre Oxygene iv.ogg | title="Oxygène Part IV" | description="Oxygène (Part IV)" is possibly Jarre's most recognised piece of music | format=[[Ogg]]}} ''Oxygène'' was turned down by several record companies, until another of Schaeffer's students, Hélène Dreyfus, persuaded her husband Francis to release the album on his label, Disques Motors.<ref name="Steamroller">{{Citation | title = Making the Steamroller Fly | publisher = Image Entertainment | date = 4 November 2003}}</ref> The album was finally released on 5 December 1976.<ref>{{cite web |title=45 Years Ago Oxygene Was Released! |url=http://www.peek-a-boo-magazine.be/en/news/2021/45-years-ago-oxygene-was-released/ |website=Peek-A-Boo magazine |access-date=17 January 2022 |language=en |date=5 December 2021}}</ref> The first pressing of 50,000&nbsp;copies was promoted through hi-fi shops, clubs and discos,<ref name="Green" /><ref>{{Harvnb|Hennessey|1978|p=7}}</ref> and by April 1977 it had sold 70,000&nbsp;copies in France. When interviewed in ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine, Dreyfus's director Stanislas Witold said, "In a sense we're putting most of our bets on Jean-Michel Jarre. He is quite exceptional and we're sure that by 1980 he will be recognised worldwide."<ref>{{Harvnb|Kahn|Way|1977|p=36}}</ref> By 2003, "Oxygene" had sold an estimated 12&nbsp;million copies.<ref name="Hughesp303">{{Harvnb|Hughes|Reader|2003|p=303}}</ref> 15 million copies by 2016<ref name="The Guardian" /><ref>{{cite web |title=Jean-Michel Jarre - "Oxygène" for the third time |url=https://www.eclipsed.de/en/current-issue/jean-michel-jarre-oxyg-ne-third-time |website=eclipsed Rock Magazin |access-date=18 January 2022 |language=de |date=23 November 2016}}</ref> and 18 million copies by 2022.<ref name="francemusique.fr">{{cite web |title=Oxygène : Le poème électronique de Jean-Michel Jarre |url=https://www.francemusique.fr/emissions/maxxi-classique/oxygene-le-poeme-electronique-de-jean-michel-jarre |website=France Musique |access-date=25 January 2022 |language=fr}}</ref> Two singles were released from the album, "Oxygene (Part II)" and "[[Oxygène (Part IV)]]". The latter reached number four in the UK single charts.<ref name="soundonsound" /><ref>{{Citation | last = Bos | first = Christian | url = http://www.ksta.de/html/artikel/1195816856258.shtml | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120803232420/http://www.ksta.de/html/artikel/1195816856258.shtml | url-status = dead | archive-date = 3 August 2012 | title = 'Synthesizer sind etwas Sinnliches' – Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger | language = de | publisher = ksta.de | date = 28 November 2007 | access-date = 28 May 2009 }}</ref><ref name="Jenkins159">{{Harvnb|Jenkins|2007|p=159}}</ref><ref name="Warwickpp558559">{{Harvnb|Warwick|Brown|Kutner|2004|pp=558–559}}</ref> ==Critical reception== {{Album ratings | rev1 = [[AllMusic]] | rev1score = {{Rating|5|5}}<ref name="AllMusic" /> | rev2 = ''[[Record Mirror]]'' | rev2score = {{Rating|4|5}}<ref name="RM19770730" /> | rev3 = ''[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]'' | rev3score = {{Rating|5|5}}<ref name="mojo2015" /> }} Reaction to the album upon its release in the UK in July 1977 was largely negative: the British music press, more interested in the developing UK [[punk rock|punk]] scene, was oriented towards guitar-based music and hostile to most electronic music. Angus MacKinnon of the ''[[NME]]'' described the album as "another interminable cosmic cruise. The German spacers ([[Tangerine Dream|[Tangerine] Dream]], [[Klaus Schulze|Schulze]] et al) mapped this part of the electronic galaxy aeons ago ... The album's [...] infuriatingly derivative. Explore its prime influences instead."<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Angus |last=MacKinnon |title=Jean-Michel Jarre – ''Oxygène'' |magazine=[[NME]] |page=32 |date=27 August 1977}}</ref> Likening the album to a French version of [[Mike Oldfield]]'s work, ''[[Music Week]]'' said, "Unfortunately Jarre has produced a work that is ponderous in its self-conscious musicality – he definitely wears his art on his sleeve. Unlike Oldfield he never stands back and laughs at his own creation. It is heavy throughout, and his influences continually jog the elbow – particularly the lugubrious touches of [[Gustav Mahler|Mahler]] and the almost continuous [[Johann Sebastian Bach|Bach]] underpinning ... some interest will be generated but the album is not really suited to our insular and musically anti-intellectual Anglo-Saxon island."<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Jean-Michel Jarre – ''Oxygène'' |magazine=[[Music Week]] |page=12 |date=6 August 1977}}</ref> Karl Dallas of ''[[Melody Maker]]'' was kinder towards the album, saying that "the first time I heard this album I hated it ... It seemed so bland, so undemanding, so uneventful. I've got to admit it repays further listening, and that it is not quite the electronic [[elevator music|Muzak]] I had written it off as initially."<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Karl |last=Dallas |title=Jean-Michel Jarre – ''Oxygène'' |magazine=[[Melody Maker]] |page=22 |date=3 September 1977}}</ref> The most positive review came from Robin Smith of ''[[Record Mirror]]'', in which he stated that "it's pretty tough to communicate warmth through such music and the end result is usually stilted but Jean-Michael Jarre [''sic''] has laid down a variety of forms joined together by cohesive lines".<ref name="RM19770730">{{cite magazine |first=Robin |last=Smith |title=Jean Michael Jarre – ''Oxygène'' |magazine=[[Record Mirror]] |page=15 |date=30 July 1977}}</ref> Phil Alexander of ''[[Mojo (magazine)|Mojo]]'' listed it as one of Jarre's three key albums and wrote that "was his conscious attempt to unite the worlds of avant-garde, electronic, classical and progressive music. A suite in six parts, its dynamic, warm sound is intoxicating, the composer's pop sensibilites evident on Oxygène Part IV — an unlikely UK Top 5 hit from what remains an elegant cornerstone of electronic music."<ref name="mojo2015" /> A retrospective review by Jim Brenholts from [[AllMusic]] stated that it "is one of the original e-music albums" and that it "has withstood the test of time and the evolution of digital electronica."<ref name="AllMusic">{{cite web |first=Jim |last=Brenholts |title=Jean-Michel Jarre – ''Oxygène'' |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/oxygène-mw0000190343 |website=[[AllMusic]]}}</ref> The album was included in the book ''[[1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die]]''.<ref name="dimery975">{{cite book |editor-last=Dimery |editor-first=Robert |title=1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die |date=5 December 2011 |publisher=[[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell Illustrated]] |isbn=978-1-84403-714-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PIyEkArSW0EC&dq=1001+Albums+You+Must+Hear+Before+You+Die+oxygene&pg=PT975 |access-date=25 September 2021 |language=en}}</ref> ==Legacy== ''Oxygene'' won the [[Grand Prix du Disque]] (English: Disc Grand Prize) award by [[L'Académie Charles Cros]].<ref name="Hughesp303" /> A sequel, ''[[Oxygène 7–13]]'', was released two decades later in 1997.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Abecassis |first1=Michaël |last2=Block |first2=Marcelline |title=An Anthology of French and Francophone Singers from A to Z: "Singin' in French" |date=11 June 2018 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |isbn=978-1-5275-1205-4 |page=333 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VJ9fDwAAQBAJ&dq=jarre+oxygene+7-13+1997&pg=PA333 |access-date=8 April 2022 |language=en}}</ref> In 2007, a new version of the original album titled ''[[Oxygène: New Master Recording]]'' was released,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pezzi |first1=Davide |title=Quello che le canzoni non dicono: Storie e segreti dietro alle nostre canzoni del cuore |date=17 May 2021 |publisher=Youcanprint |isbn=979-12-203-3446-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8CgvEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22oxygene+3%22+jarre&pg=PT299 |access-date=10 March 2022 |language=it}}</ref> and in 2016 another sequel titled ''[[Oxygène 3]]'' was released on the 40th anniversary of ''Oxygene''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jean-Michel Jarre: ''Oxygene 3'' — review |url=https://www.ft.com/content/770a3112-bc1e-11e6-8b45-b8b81dd5d080 |website=Financial Times |access-date=11 June 2022 |date=9 December 2016}}</ref> ==Track listing== All tracks are composed by Jean-Michel Jarre. '''Side one''' #"Oxygène (Part I)" – 7:39 #"Oxygène (Part II)" – 7:49 #"Oxygène (Part III)" – 3:16 '''Side two''' #"[[Oxygène (Part IV)]]" – 4:14 #"Oxygène (Part V)" – 10:23 #"Oxygène (Part VI)" – 6:20 ==Equipment== Adapted from the liner notes of the 2014 remastered version.<ref name="Oxygène booklet 2014">{{Cite AV media notes |title=Oxygène |date=2014 |type=booklet |publisher=Disques Dreyfus/Sony Music |id=88843024682}}</ref> *[[ARP 2600]] synthesizer *[[EMS Synthi AKS]] synthesizer *[[EMS VCS 3]] *[[RMI Harmonic Synthesizer]] *[[Farfisa]] organ *[[Eminent 310U]] *[[Mellotron]] *[[Korg Mini Pops]] (described on the original album as the "Rhythmin' Computer") ==Charts== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ===Weekly charts=== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style=text-align:center" ! Chart (1977) ! Peak<br/>position |- ! scope="row"| Australian Albums ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref name="auchart">{{Cite book|title=[[Kent Music Report|Australian Chart Book 1970–1992]] |last=Kent |first=David |author-link=David Kent (historian) |publisher=Australian Chart Book |location=[[St Ives, New South Wales|St Ives, NSW]] |year=1993 |isbn=0-646-11917-6 }}</ref> | align="center"| 29 |- {{album chart|Austria|10|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|album=Oxygène|rowheader=true|access-date=9 June 2014}} |- {{album chart|Canada|65|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|album=Oxygène|chartid=8275b|rowheader=true|access-date=18 February 2019}} |- {{album chart|France|1|M|title= Classements des albums par artistes (lettre J) (cliquer sur l'onglet Jean-Michel JARRE) |url=http://www.infodisc.fr/Album_J|publisher=infodisc.fr|rowheader=true|access-date=2 May 2014}} |- {{album chart|Germany4|18|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|album=Oxygène|id=5416|rowheader=true}} |- {{album chart|Netherlands|4|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|album=Oxygène|rowheader=true|access-date=9 June 2014}} |- {{album chart|New Zealand|3|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|album=Oxygène|rowheader=true|access-date=9 June 2014}} |- {{album chart|Norway|9|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|album=Oxygène|rowheader=true|access-date=9 June 2014}} |- {{album chart|Sweden|3|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|album=Oxygène|rowheader=true|access-date=9 June 2014}} |- {{album chart|UK|2|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|album=Oxygène|rowheader=true|access-date=9 June 2014}} |- {{album chart|Billboard200|78|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|rowheader=true}} |} {{col-2}} ===Year-end charts=== {| class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="text-align:center;" ! scope="col" | Chart (1977) ! scope="col" | Position |- ! scope="row" | Dutch Albums (Dutch Top 100)<ref>{{cite web |title=Jaaroverzichten – Album 1977 |url=https://dutchcharts.nl/jaaroverzichten.asp?year=1977&cat=a |publisher=Hung Medien |access-date=28 May 2022}}</ref> | 38 |- ! scope="row" | UK Albums (OCC)<ref>{{cite magazine |date=24 December 1977 |title=Top Albums 1977 |url=https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-Week/1977/Music-Week-1977-12-24.pdf |url-status=live |magazine=[[Music Week]] |page=14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309080814/https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/Music-Week/1977/Music-Week-1977-12-24.pdf |archive-date=9 March 2021 |via=worldradiohistory.com |access-date=30 November 2021}}</ref> | 20 |} {{col-end}} ==Certifications== {{Certification Table Top|caption=Certifications for ''Oxygène''}} {{Certification Table Entry|type=album|region=Australia|artist=Jean-Michel Jarre|title=Oxygène|award=Platinum|relyear=1977|certyear=1982|certref=<ref>{{cite web|title= Platinum and Gold Singles 1982 |publisher= [[Kent Music Report]] |issue= 453 |via= [[Imgur]] |date= 28 February 1983 |access-date= 10 November 2021 |url=https://i.imgur.com/totLqGG.jpg}}</ref>}} {{Certification Table Entry |region=Canada|type=album |artist=Jean-Michel Jarre |title=Oxygène|award=Gold|relyear=1977 |certyear=1985}} {{Certification Table Entry |region=France |type=album |artist=J-Michel Jarre |title=Oxygène |award=Gold |relyear=1977|certyear=1977|source=infodisc}} {{Certification Table Entry |region=Germany|type=album |artist=Jean Michel Jarre |title=Oxygene |award=Gold |relyear=1977 |certyear=1980}} {{Certification Table Entry |region=Poland |type=album |artist=Jean-Michel Jarre |title=Oxygène |award=Gold |relyear=1977 |certyear=2017 |access-date=13 December 2017}} {{Certification Table Entry |region=United Kingdom |type=album |artist=Jean-Michel Jarre |title=Oxygène |award=Platinum |relyear=1977 |certyear=1980}} {{Certification Table Bottom|streaming=true}} ==References== {{Reflist}} === Sources === * {{Citation | last = Duguay | first = Michael | title = Jean Michel Jarre | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=oSp6DwAAQBAJ&dq | year = 2018 | publisher = Coëtquen Editions | isbn = 978-284-993-324-4 }} * {{Citation | last = Jarre | first = Jean-Michael | title = Mélancolique Rodéo | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=UACtDwAAQBAJ&dq | year = 2019 | publisher = [[Robert Laffont]] | isbn = 978-222-124-618-4 }} * {{Citation | last = Remilleux | first = Jean-Louis | title = Jean-Michel Jarre | publisher = Futura Publications Ltd. | edition = English | year = 1988 | isbn = 0-7088-4263-1}} * {{Citation | last1 = Kahn | first1 = Henry | last2 = Way | first2 = Michael | title = Target Entire World | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=xCMEAAAAMBAJ | year = 1977 | magazine = [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date = 27 May 2009 }} * {{Citation | last1 = Hughes | first1 = Alex | last2 = Reader | first2 = Keith | title = Encyclopedia of contemporary French culture | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=getDruRAaqgC | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2003 | isbn = 0-203-00330-6}} * {{Citation | last = Hennessey | first = Mike | author-link=Mike Hennessey|title = The French Revolution | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=JyQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT49 | magazine = [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | date = 12 August 1978 | access-date = 27 May 2009}} * {{Citation | last = Jenkins | first = Mark | title = Analog synthesizers | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=c3EHIpo0DKwC | publisher = Elsevier | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-0-240-52072-8 }} * {{Citation | last1 = Warwick | first1 = Neil | last2 = Brown | first2 = Tony | last3 = Kutner | first3 = Jon | title = The complete book of the British charts: singles & albums | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ib4MyAIpe3MC | year = 2004 | publisher = Omnibus Press | edition = 3rd | isbn = 1-84449-058-0 }} ==External links== * [http://www.discogs.com/Jean-Michel-Jarre-Oxyg%C3%A8ne/master/43980 ''Oxygène''] at [[Discogs]] {{Jean-Michel Jarre}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oxygene}} [[Category:1976 albums]] [[Category:Disques Dreyfus albums]] [[Category:Jean-Michel Jarre albums]] [[Category:Space music albums]]'