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'{{Short description|French composer, performer and record producer}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}} {{expand French|date=August 2022|Jean-Michel Jarre}} {{Infobox musical artist | name = Jean-Michel Jarre | image = Jean Michel Jarre B10-2016.jpg | caption = Jarre in 2016 | birth_name = Jean-Michel André Jarre | birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1948|8|24}} | birth_place = [[Lyon]], France | origin = | instruments = {{hlist|Synthesizer|piano|[[Electronic organ|organ]]|[[laser harp]]|[[accordion]]|guitar|bass guitar|[[theremin]]|[[keytar]]}} | genre = {{hlist|[[Ambient music|Ambient]]|[[New-age music|new-age]]|[[electronic music|electronic]]|[[Trance music|trance]]|[[progressive rock]]|[[techno]]}} | occupations = {{hlist|Composer|performer|record producer}} | years_active = 1969–present | label = {{hlist|[[Disques Dreyfus]]|[[BMG Rights Management|BMG]]|[[Sony Music|Sony]]|[[Polydor Records|Polydor]]|[[PolyGram]]|[[Epic Records|Epic]]|[[Sony Music Entertainment|SME]]|[[Warner Bros. Records|Warner Bros.]]|[[EMI]]}} | associated_acts = [[Gorillaz]] | website = {{URL|https://jeanmicheljarre.com}} | module = {{Infobox person | embed = yes | parents = {{plainlist| * Francette Pejot * [[Maurice Jarre]]}} }} }} '''Jean-Michel André Jarre'''{{NoteTag|"Jean-Michel" is a single name, rather than two separate ones, although in certain cases it is written without the hypen.}} ({{IPA-fr|ʒɑ̃ miʃɛl ɑ̃dʁe ʒaʁ|lang}}; born 24 August 1948) is a French composer, performer and record producer. He is a pioneer in the [[electronic music|electronic]], [[ambient music|ambient]] and [[New-age music|new-age]] genres, and is known for organising outdoor [[spectacle]]s featuring his music, accompanied by vast [[laser lighting display|laser displays]], large [[projector|projections]] and [[fireworks]]. Jarre was raised in Lyon by his mother and grandparents and trained on the piano. From an early age, he was introduced to a variety of art forms, including street performers, [[jazz]] musicians and the artist [[Pierre Soulages]]. But his musical style was perhaps most heavily influenced by [[Pierre Schaeffer]], a pioneer of [[musique concrète]] at the [[Groupe de Recherches Musicales]]. His first mainstream success was the 1976 album ''[[Oxygène]]''. Recorded in a makeshift studio at his home, the album sold an estimated 18&nbsp;million copies. ''Oxygène'' was followed in 1978 by ''[[Equinoxe|Équinoxe]]'', and in 1979, Jarre performed to a record-breaking audience of more than a million people at the [[Place de la Concorde]], a record he has since broken three times. More albums were to follow, but his 1979 concert served as a blueprint for his future performances around the world. Several of his albums have been released to coincide with large-scale outdoor events. As of 2004, Jarre had sold an estimated 80&nbsp;million albums and singles. He was the first [[Western world|Western]] musician officially invited to perform in the [[China|People's Republic of China]] and holds the [[List of highest-attended concerts|world record for the largest-ever audience at an outdoor event]] for his [[Moscow]] concert on 6 September 1997, which was attended by 3.5 million people. ==Biography== ===Early life, influences, and education=== Jean-Michel Jarre was born in [[Lyon]] on 24 August 1948, to Francette Pejot, a [[French Resistance]] member and [[concentration camp]] survivor, and composer [[Maurice Jarre]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Sleeman|Taylor|Francis|2003|p=809.}}</ref><ref name="Steamroller" /><ref>{{Citation|url=http://aerojarre.blogspot.com/2010/03/end-of-first-week.html|title=End of First Week|first=Jean-Michel|last=Jarre|date=7 March 2010|access-date=10 March 2010}}</ref> His grandmother was [[Jewish]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Yudilovitch |first1=Merav |title=Like a breath of fresh air |url=https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-3187516,00.html |access-date=15 August 2021 |work=Ynetnews |date=20 December 2005 |language=en}}</ref> When Jarre was five, his parents separated and his father moved to the United States, leaving him with his mother.<ref name="Smoothoperator">{{Citation | title = Jean-Michel Jarre: Smooth operator | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/jean-michel-jarre-smooth-operator-557538.html | last = Stuart | first = Julia | date = 23 August 2004 | work = The independent | access-date = 15 March 2009 | archive-date = 22 September 2011 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110922073801/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/jean-michel-jarre-smooth-operator-557538.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> He did not see his father again until reaching the age of 18.<ref name="Steamroller" /> For the first eight years of his life, Jarre spent six months each year at his maternal grandparents' flat on the Cours de Verdun, in the Perrache district of Lyon. Jarre's grandfather was an [[oboe]] player, engineer and inventor, designing an early audio mixer used at Radio Lyon. He also gave Jean-Michel his first tape recorder.<ref>{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=13}}</ref> From his vantage point high above the pavement, the young Jarre was able to observe [[street performer]]s at work, an experience he later cited as proving influential on his art.<ref name="Steamroller" /><ref>{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=12}}</ref> Jarre struggled with classical piano studies, although he later changed teachers and worked on his scales.<ref name="Hughesp303">{{Harvnb|Hughes|Reader|2003|p=303}}</ref> A more general interest in musical instruments was sparked by his discovery at the [[Saint-Ouen, Seine-Saint-Denis|Saint-Ouen]] flea market, where his mother sold antiques, of a [[Boris Vian]] [[Stroh violin|trumpet violin]]. He often accompanied his mother to Le Chat Qui Pêche (The Fishing Cat), a Paris [[jazz]] club run by one of her friends from her resistance years, where saxophonists [[Archie Shepp]] and [[John Coltrane]], and trumpet players [[Don Cherry (jazz)|Don Cherry]] and [[Chet Baker]] were regular performers. These early jazz experiences suggested to him that music may be "descriptive, without lyrics".<ref name="Steamroller" /><ref name="Remilleuxp16">{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=16}}</ref> He was also influenced by the work of French artist [[Pierre Soulages]], whose exhibition at the [[Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris]] he attended. Soulages' paintings used multiple textured layers, and Jarre realised that "for the first time in music, you could act as a painter with frequencies and sounds."<ref name="Steamroller">{{Citation | title = Making the Steamroller Fly | publisher = Image Entertainment | date = 4 November 2003}}</ref> He was also influenced by classical, modernist music; in a 2004 interview for ''[[The Guardian]]'', he spoke of the effect that a performance of [[Stravinsky]]'s ''[[The Rite of Spring]]'' had upon him: {{blockquote|This is where Stravinsky created it in 1913, and it was a huge shock. I also saw the last concert by the great Arabic singer [[Umm Kulthum|Om Khalsoum]]. She is the goddess, the [[Maria Callas]] of the Orient. Then I heard "[[Georgia on My Mind]]" by [[Ray Charles]], and I realised that music can talk to your tummy. I was so impressed by the organic sensuality coming from Ray Charles's music – there was no intellectual process and it was great.<ref name="sensualhealing" />}} As a young man Jarre earned money by selling his paintings, exhibiting some of his works at the Lyon Gallery&nbsp;– ''L'Œil écoute'', and by playing in a band called Mystère IV. While he studied at the [[:fr:Lycée Michelet|Lycée Michelet]], his mother arranged for him to take lessons in [[harmony]], [[counterpoint]] and [[fugue]] with Jeannine Rueff of the [[Conservatoire de Paris]].<ref name="Hughesp303" /><ref name="Remilleuxp16" /> In 1967 he played guitar in a band called ''The Dustbins'', who appear in the film ''{{Interlanguage link multi|Des garçons et des filles (1967 film)|fr|3=Des garçons et des filles|lt=Des garçons et des filles}}''. He mixed instruments including the electric guitar and the flute with tape effects and other sounds.<ref name="Steamroller" /> More experimentation was followed in 1968, when he began to use [[tape loop]]s, radios and other electronic devices, in 1969 he joined the Groupe de Recherches Musicales (GRM),<ref name="Hughesp303" /> founded and led by [[Pierre Schaeffer]], inventor of [[musique concrete]].<ref name="soundonsound" /> Jarre was introduced to the [[Moog modular synthesizer]] and spent time working at the studio of influential German composer [[Karlheinz Stockhausen]] in [[Cologne]].<ref>{{Citation | last = Bos | first = Christian | url = http://www.ksta.de/html/artikel/1195816856258.shtml | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120803232420/http://www.ksta.de/html/artikel/1195816856258.shtml | url-status = dead | archive-date = 3 August 2012 | title = 'Synthesizer sind etwas Sinnliches' – Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger | language = de | publisher = ksta.de | date = 28 November 2007 | access-date = 28 May 2009 }}</ref> {{listen | pos = right | filename = La Cage Jean Michel Jarre.ogg | title="La Cage" | description = Jarre's 1969 release, "La Cage" | format = [[Ogg]]}} In the kitchen of his apartment in Rue de la Trémoille, near the [[Champs-Élysées]], Jarre set up a small makeshift recording studio. It included his first synthesiser, an [[EMS VCS 3]],<ref name="Redbull interview">{{Citation | last = Thévenin | first = Patrick | title = Synth-Aesthesia: Jean-Michel Jarre's Favorite Keys | url = http://www.redbullmusicacademy.com/magazine/jarre-synth | publisher = redbullmusicacademy.com | date = 3 May 2012 | access-date = 5 May 2012 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130501050341/http://www.redbullmusicacademy.com/magazine/jarre-synth | archive-date = 1 May 2013 | url-status = dead }}</ref> and an [[EMS Synthi AKS]], each linked to [[Revox]] tape machines. For a 1969 exposition at the Maison de la Culture (Cultural House) in [[Reims]], Jarre wrote the five-minute song "Happiness Is a Sad Song". Other of his first compositions was ''La Cage/Erosmachine'', a mixture of harmony, tape effects and synthesisers recorded in 1969,<ref name="Remilleuxp27">{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=27}}</ref> and released in 1971.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gürkan |first1=Mete |title=Elektronik müziğin ekolojik hafızası: Jean Michel Jarre |url=https://gaiadergi.com/elektronik-muzigin-ekolojik-hafizasi-jean-michel-jarre/ |website=Gaia Dergi |access-date=21 August 2022 |language=tr |date=4 January 2017}}</ref> ===1970s=== {{Further|Oxygène|Équinoxe}} In 1971 Jarre was commissioned by choreographer Norbert Schmucki to perform a ballet called ''AOR'' (in Hebrew, "the light"), at the [[Palais Garnier]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=17}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Bourges – 2002 |url=http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/bourges-2002 |publisher=jeanmicheljarre.com |access-date=22 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014074521/http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/bourges-2002 |archive-date=14 October 2009 }}</ref> He also composed background music for ballet, theatre, advertisements, television programs,<ref name="Hughesp303" /> airports, and North America libraries with the VCS 3 and an [[Farfisa]] professional organ.{{Sfn|Duguay|2018|p=26}} Jean-Michel wrote music and lyrics for artists like [[Patrick Juvet]] and [[Christophe (singer)|Christophe]].<ref name="Steamroller" /> In 1972 wrote music for the International Festival of Magic.<ref name="officialprofile" /> That year he also released his first solo album, ''Deserted Palace'',<ref name="Remilleuxp27" /> and composed the soundtrack for ''Les Granges Brûlées'' ([[English language|English]]: ''[[The Burned Barns]]'').<ref>{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=18}}</ref> Jarre from 1973 to 1974 wrote music for [[Françoise Hardy]] and [[Gérard Lenorman]], and directed Christophe's [[Paris Olympia|Olympia]] show.<ref name="officialprofile">{{Citation | title = Profile | url = http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/media/biography | publisher = jeanmicheljarre.com | access-date = 22 June 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090611194618/http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/media/biography | archive-date = 11 June 2009 | url-status = dead }}</ref> {{listen | help = no | pos = right | filename = Jean Michel Jarre Oxygene iv.ogg | title="Oxygène IV" | description = "[[Oxygène (Part IV)|Oxygene (Part 4)]]" is the most hit track by Jarre | format = [[Ogg]]}} Jarre's 1976 low-budget solo album ''[[Oxygène]]'', recorded at his home studio, made him famous internationally. The music was made with analog synthesizers like the [[EMS VCS 3]] and the [[EMS Synthi AKS]],<ref>{{Cite AV media notes |title=Oxygène |title-link=Oxygène |others=Jean-Michel Jarre |date=1977 |type=booklet |publisher=Disques Dreyfus |id=27 646-9}}</ref> and recorded with a Scully 8-track recorder and a mixture of Ampex 256 and 3M tape.<ref name="soundonsound">{{Citation | last = Flint | first = Tom | title = Jean-Michel Jarre – 30 Years of Oxygene | url = http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/feb08/articles/jmjarre.htm | work = Sound on Sound | date = February 2008 | access-date = 28 May 2009}}</ref> Jarre initially was turned down by several record companies, until another of Schaeffer's students, Hélène Dreyfus, persuaded her husband to publish the album on his label, Disques Motors.<ref name="Steamroller" /> The first pressing of 50,000&nbsp;copies was promoted through hi-fi shops, clubs and discos,<ref>{{Citation | last = Green | first = Thomas H. | title = Oxygène: ba-boo-boo beew | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/3672108/Oxygene-ba-boo-boo-beew.html | work = The telegraph| date = 27 March 2008 | access-date = 14 March 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Hennessey|1978|p=7}}</ref> and by April 1977 had sold 70,000&nbsp;copies in France. When interviewed in ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine, Dreyfus's director Stanislas Witold said, "In a sense we're putting most of our bets on Jean-Michel Jarre. He is quite exceptional and we're sure that by 1980 he will be recognised worldwide."<ref>{{Harvnb|Kahn|Way|1977|p=36}}</ref> His most recognisable single, "[[Oxygène (Part IV)]]" from this album, reached number&nbsp;4 in the UK single charts.<ref name="soundonsound" /><ref>{{Citation | last = Bos | first = Christian | url = http://www.ksta.de/html/artikel/1195816856258.shtml | archive-url = https://archive.today/20120803232420/http://www.ksta.de/html/artikel/1195816856258.shtml | url-status = dead | archive-date = 3 August 2012 | title = 'Synthesizer sind etwas Sinnliches' – Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger | language = de | publisher = ksta.de | date = 28 November 2007 | access-date = 28 May 2009 }}</ref><ref name="Jenkins159" /><ref name="Warwickpp558559" /> Jarre's follow-up album, ''[[Equinoxe|Équinoxe]]'', was released in 1978,<ref>{{cite web |last1=s.r.l |first1=Rockol com |title=√ Jean-Michel Jarre, il pioniere francese dell'elettronica |url=https://www.rockol.it/news-724387/jean-michel-jarre-compleanno-musica-elettronica-video-canzoni |website=Rockol |access-date=25 August 2021 |language=it}}</ref> though its sales were still healthy, it had less of an impact than ''Oxygène'', but the following year Jarre held a large open-air concert on [[Bastille Day]], at the [[Place de la Concorde]].<ref name="Steamroller" /><ref name="Warwickpp558559" /> The free outdoor event set a world record for the largest number of spectators ever at an open-air concert, drawing more than 1&nbsp;million spectators.<ref name="Hughesp303" /><ref name="Remilleux 1988 57">{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=57}}</ref> Although it was not the first time he had performed in concert (Jarre had already played at the [[Paris Opera Ballet]]), the 40&nbsp;minute-long event, which used projections of light, images and fireworks, served as a blueprint for Jarre's future concerts.<ref name="Steamroller" /><ref name="Hughesp303" /> Its popularity helped create a surge in sales—a further 800,000 records were sold between 14 July and 31 August 1979—and introduced the Frenchman to [[Francis Rimbert]], who worked for Jarre during two decades on a full-time basis.<ref>{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=48}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Francis Rimbert – Biography, Intro, etc |url=http://www.francisrimbert.com/ |publisher=francisrimbert.com |year=2004 |access-date=23 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090311023503/http://www.francisrimbert.com/ |archive-date=11 March 2009}}</ref> ===1980s=== By the time ''[[Les Chants Magnétiques]]'' was released on 20 May 1981, ''Oxygène'' and ''Équinoxe'' had achieved global sales of about 6&nbsp;million units. In its first two months the then new album sold a reported 200,000&nbsp;units in France alone.<ref name="Billboardchina">{{Citation | last = Way | first = Michael | title = Jarre off to China to Map Autumn Tour | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=rCQEAAAAMBAJ | page = 59 | magazine = Billboard | date = 11 July 1981 | access-date = 23 June 2009}}</ref> The album uses sounds from the [[Fairlight CMI]],<ref>{{cite journal |title=Jean-Michel Jarre – 10 of the best |journal=The Guardian |date=5 October 2016 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/musicblog/2016/oct/05/jean-michel-jarre-10-of-the-best |access-date=24 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref> a new instrument of which Jarre was an pioneer. Its digital technology allowed him to continue his earlier sonic experimentation in new ways.<ref name="Remilleuxp35">{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=35}}</ref> In that same year, the British Embassy gave Radio Beijing copies of his albums, which became the first pieces of foreign music to be played on Chinese national radio in decades.<ref>{{cite web |title=A Guide to Jean-Michel Jarre's Biggest Live Performances |url=https://daily.redbullmusicacademy.com/2016/01/jean-michel-jarre-live-feature |website=daily.redbullmusicacademy.com |access-date=24 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref> The Republic invited Jarre to become the first western musician to play in post-[[Mao Zedong]] China.<ref name="jeanmicheljarre.com">{{cite web|url=http://jeanmicheljarre.com/biography|title=Biography|website=Jeanmichel.jarre.com|access-date=9 October 2019}}</ref> The performances were scheduled to run from 18 October to 5 November 1981.<ref name="Billboardchina" /> However, only 5 concerts were given in total, two in [[Beijing]] and three in [[Shanghai]].<ref name="jeanmicheljarre1">{{cite web|author=Jarre Labs |url=https://jeanmicheljarre.com/live/concerts-in-china |title=Concerts In China |publisher=Jean-Michel Jarre |date= |access-date=2019-11-09}}</ref> The first, in Beijing, was initially attended mostly by officials, but before the concert began technicians realised that not enough power was available to supply the stage and auditorium. Chinese officials solved the problem by temporarily cutting power to the surrounding districts.<ref name="Remilleuxpp7475" /> The stadium was almost full when the concert began, but as Beijing's buses stopped running at about 10 o'clock, about half the audience left before it finished.<ref>{{Citation | title = China Is Exposed To Laser Rock | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/22/arts/china-is-exposed-to-laser-rock.html?scp=13&sq=jean%20michel%20jarre&st=cse | work = The New York Times | date = 22 October 1981 | access-date = 22 June 2009}}</ref> To boost the audience attendance for the second night, Jarre and his production team purchased some of the concert tickets and gave them to children on the streets (Jarre originally wanted the concerts to be free, but the Chinese authorities decided to charge between £0.20 and £0.50 per ticket).<ref name="Remilleuxpp7475">{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|pp=74–75}}</ref> Recordings of the concerts, which featured one of Jarre's signature electronic instruments, the [[laser harp]], were released as a double-disc [[vinyl record|LP]] in 1982.<ref name="Warwickpp558559" /><ref>{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=77}}</ref> {{listen | help = no | filename = Jean michel jarre zoolook remix.ogg | title="Zoolook" (remix) | description="Zoolook" also demonstrates heavy use of the [[Fairlight CMI]] | format = [[Ogg]]}} Beetween February and May of 1983, Jarre recorded a single LP copy of an album entitled ''[[Musique pour Supermarché]]'' ([[English language|English]]: ''Music for Supermarkets'') whose objective was to be the soundtrack of a show called Orrimbe, to later be auctioned with the master tapes and plates destroyed. The album was later broadcast exclusively on [[Radio Luxembourg]] with Jarre encouraging listeners to record the broadcast.<ref name="dangerousmind">{{Cite web|url=https://dangerousminds.net/comments/the_toughest_used_vinyl_get_in_the_world_jean_michel_jarres_music_for_super|title=The toughest used vinyl 'get' in the world: Jean Michel Jarre's 'Music for Supermarkets'|date=29 May 2014}}</ref> In 1984, he released seventh studio album ''[[Zoolook]]'', in this album was expanded the sample-based approach which had been initiated on ''[[Les Chants Magnétiques]]'' and continued on ''[[Musique pour Supermarché|Music for Supermarkets]]'', the album was based around multiple fragments of human voices pronouncing words and speeches in different languages from all over the world, recorded digitally by Jarre and then played back and edited on the [[Fairlight CMI]].<ref name="Steamroller" /> More aurally challenging than Jarre's previous works, the album was also somewhat less successful, reaching only number&nbsp;47 in the UK album charts.<ref name="Warwickpp558559">{{Harvnb|Warwick|Brown|Kutner|2004|pp=558–559}}</ref> [[File:Rendezvous houston.jpg|right|thumb|[[Rendez-vous Houston]]]] In 1985, Jarre was invited by the musical director of the [[Houston Grand Opera]] to perform a concert celebrating [[Texas]]'s 150th anniversary on 5 April 1986. Although he was busy with other projects and was at first unimpressed by the proposal, on a later visit to the city, he was immediately impressed by the visual grandeur of the city's [[skyline]] and agreed to perform. Also, 1985 marked the 25th [[anniversary]] of the foundation of the [[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]];{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}} and [[NASA]] asked Jarre to integrate the anniversary into the concert.<ref name="Steamroller" /> {{listen | help = no | filename = Jean michel jarre third rendezvous.ogg | title="Third Rendez-Vous" | description = Third Rendez-Vous, normally performed in concert on the [[laser harp]] | format = [[Ogg]]}} ''[[Rendez-Vous (Jean-Michel Jarre album)|Rendez-Vous]]'' was created over a period of about two months and, as with ''Zoolook'', contains elements of his album ''Musique pour Supermarché''.<ref name="Remilleuxp35" /> Jarre worked with several Houston-based [[astronaut]]s, including [[Bruce McCandless II]] and [[Ronald McNair]], an accomplished musician who was to have played the [[saxophone]] on "Rendez-Vous VI", recorded in the weightless environment of space. The live performance was curtailed by McNair's death in the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster]] on 28 January 1986. Consideration was given to the cancellation of the concert; but McCandless contacted Jarre and urged him to proceed, in memory of the shuttle's crew. McNair's saxophone piece was recorded by French saxophonist Pierre Gossez and retitled "Ron's Piece". At Jarre's giant concerts in Houston and Lyon, the part was performed by McNair's friend, American saxophonist [[Kirk Whalum]]: {{blockquote|I remember just before take-off, Ron calling me in Paris saying "Everything's ready, see you in a week's time, watch me on television for the take-off"&nbsp;... I will really, keep always, the bit of Ron's smile and Ron's face in my heart.<ref name="Steamroller" />}} About 2,000&nbsp;projectors shone images onto buildings and giant screens up to {{convert|1200|ft|m}} high, transforming the city's skyscrapers into spectacular backdrops for an elaborate display of fireworks and lasers.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}} [[Rendez-vous Houston]] entered the ''[[Guinness Book of Records]]'' for its audience of over 1.5&nbsp;million, beating his earlier record, set in 1979. The display was so impressive that a nearby freeway was blocked by passing vehicles, forcing the authorities to close it for the duration of the concert.<ref name="Porticop86">{{Harvnb|Portico|Matlock|2008|p=86}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Remilleux|1988|p=93}}</ref> Several months later he performed to an audience of about a million at his home city of [[Lyon]],<ref name="oxygeneconcert" /> in celebration of a visit by [[Pope John Paul II]]. Watching from [[Lyon Cathedral]], the Pope began the concert with a good-night blessing, a recording of which appears on ''Cities in Concert – Houston/Lyon''.<ref name="Steamroller" /> [[File:DESTINATION1.jpg|thumb|right|[[Destination Docklands]], October 1988]] In 1988 Jarre released his ninth studio album ''[[Revolutions (Jean-Michel Jarre album)|Revolutions]]''. In same year, a concert called [[Destination Docklands]] was planned for September, to be held at the [[Royal Victoria Dock]] in east London.<ref>{{cite web |title=Destination Docklands |url=https://jeanmicheljarre.com/live/destination-docklands |website=Jean-Michel Jarre |access-date=27 August 2022}}</ref><ref name="Jerry2017">{{cite book |last1=Grayson |first1=Jerry |title=Film Pilot: From James Bond to Hurricane Katrina |date=1 March 2017 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=978-1-4729-4106-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pN_oDAAAQBAJ&dq=royal+victoria+docklands+destination+docklands+jean+michel+jarre&pg=PT64 |access-date=27 August 2022 |language=en}}</ref> Close to the heart of London, the location was chosen in part for its desolate environment, but also because Jarre thought the architecture was ideally suited for his music. Early in 1988 Jarre met with local officials and members of the community,<ref name="makingofdocklands" /> but [[Newham Borough Council]] delayed their decision until 12 September the month in which the show was due to take place.<ref name="Jerry2017" /> The local fire service were also concerned about access in the event of a fire. Site work continued as Jarre's team searched for alternative locations in which to stage the concert, but following improvements to both on and off-site safety Jarre eventually won conditional approval on 28 September to stage two separate performances, on 8 and 9 October.<ref name="makingofdocklands">{{Citation | title = Jean-Michel Jarre Destination Docklands | publisher = Francis Dreyfus Music | year = 1989}}</ref> The floating stage on which Jarre and his musicians performed was built on top of four large [[barge]]s. Large purpose-built display screens were built, and one of the buildings to be used as a backdrop was painted white. One large mirror ball being transported to the event fell onto the roadside, causing a degree of confusion as some people mistook it for a fallen [[satellite]]. [[World War II]] searchlights were installed, to illuminate the sky and surrounding architecture.<ref name="makingofdocklands" /> Along with thousands in the surrounding streets and parks, 200,000&nbsp;people watched Jarre and guests such as guitarist [[Hank Marvin]] perform in less than ideal conditions. Inclement weather had threatened to break the stage from its moorings, putting paid to the original plan to float the stage across the Royal Victoria Dock. Wind speeds were so high that television cameras were blown over. On the second evening the audience, which included [[Diana, Princess of Wales]],<ref name="oxygeneconcert" /> was soaked by rain and wind.<ref name="makingofdocklands" /> ===1990s=== In 1990 Jarre released ''[[En Attendant Cousteau]]'' (''Waiting for Cousteau''), inspired by the French oceanographer [[Jacques-Yves Cousteau]].<ref name="oxygeneconcert" /> On [[Bastille Day]] 1990 he performed a concert at [[La Défense]] in Paris, attended by a [[Guinness Book of Records|record-breaking]] audience of about two million people, again beating his earlier world record.<ref name="Matthews 1994 169">{{Harvnb|Matthews|1994|p=169}}</ref> He later promoted a concert near the Pyramids of [[Teotihuacan]] in Mexico, to be held during the [[Solar eclipse of July 11, 1991|solar eclipse of 11 July 1991]]. However, with only weeks to go, important equipment had not arrived and the sinking in the Atlantic Ocean of a cargo ship containing the purpose-built pyramidal stage and other technical and financial problems made staging the concert impossible. Jarre's disappointment was such that he "could not cope with Mexican food for two years".<ref name="Steamroller" /> About two years later he released ''[[Chronologie]]'', an album that features Jarre's traditional collection of instruments like the [[ARP 2600]] and [[Minimoog]], as well as newer synthesisers such as the [[Roland JD-800]] and the [[Kurzweil K2000]].<ref name="chronologie36152">{{Citation | title = Chronologie sleeve notes | publisher = Disques Dreyfus | year = 1993 |id=FDM 36152-2}}</ref> {{listen | help = no | pos = right | filename = Jean michel jarre chronologie part 4.ogg | title="Chronologie Part 4" | description = The opening few moments of "Chronologie Part 4" | format = [[Ogg]]}} {{blockquote|In the state of mind I did ''Chronologie'', it's quite close to what I did for ''Oxygène'', using a lot of the old synthesizers of the '70s, like the Moog synthesizer&nbsp;— which I consider to be the Stradivarius of electronic music&nbsp;— mixed with the digital sound and the beat of the dance scene of the '90s. In a sense, ''Chronologie'' is a kind of mixture between the sounds of the '70s and the sounds of the '90s.<ref name="youtube interview">{{Citation | title = Chronologie & Europe in Concert Interview (Part 1 of 3) – Jean-Michel Jarre | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=47c3V3fYrMo | publisher = youtube.com | year = 1993 | accessdate = 20 June 2009}}</ref>}} [[File:Concert en 1993 avec Jean-Michel Jarre au Heysel à Bruxelles.jpg|thumb|right|1993 Michel Jarre concert at [[Heysel Stadium]], [[Brussels]].]] Jarre was invited to the inaugural celebrations of the Palace of the Lost City, a hotel located within the Sun City in South Africa.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Palace of the Lost City at Sun City |url=http://www.luxurydreamhotels.com/en/hotels/The_Palace_of_the_Lost_City_at_Sun_City.html |website=www.luxurydreamhotels.com |access-date=15 August 2021 |language=en}}</ref> Three concerts were held on 1, 2 and 3 December 1992, in which more than 45,000 people attended.<ref>{{cite web |title=1992 – The Legends of the Lost City (Afrique du Sud) {{!}} Aerozone JMJ |url=https://aerozonejmj.fr/1992-the-legends-of-the-lost-city-afrique-du-sud/ |website=aerozonejmj.fr |access-date=15 August 2021}}</ref> ''Chronologie'' was performed at a series of 16&nbsp;performances across Europe called ''Europe in Concert''. These were on a smaller scale than his previous concerts, featuring a miniature skyline, laser imaging and fireworks. Locations included Lausanne, Mont St Michel, London, [[Maine Road|Manchester]], Barcelona, Seville and the Versailles Palace near Paris.<ref>{{Citation|title=Europe in Concert – 1993 |url=http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/europe-in-concert-1993 |publisher=jeanmicheljarre.com |access-date=20 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090621091243/http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/europe-in-concert-1993 |archive-date=21 June 2009 }}</ref> A concert was also held in Hong Kong in March 1994, to mark the opening of the city's new stadium.<ref>{{Citation | last = Holland | first = Fiona | title = Laser show wows stadium crowd | work = [[The Standard (Hong Kong)]] | date = 12 March 1994 | page = 1}}</ref> Jarre performed many of his most well-known hits at the ''Concert for Tolerance'' on Bastille Day in 1995, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the United Nations. The [[Eiffel Tower]] was specially lit for the occasion, prompting the installation of a [[Eiffel tower#Illumination copyright|more permanent display]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Concert For Tolerance – 1995 |url=http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/concert-for-tolerance-1995 |publisher=jeanmicheljarre.com |access-date=23 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090909152055/http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/concert-for-tolerance-1995 |archive-date= 9 September 2009 }}</ref> The following December, he created the website "A Space for Tolerance", which featured music from ''En Attendant Cousteau'', played while the user browsed a variety of "visual worlds".<ref>{{Citation | last = LeGrand | first = Emmanuel | title = Jarre Creates an 'Online Space' | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=iQ8EAAAAMBAJ | page = 46 | magazine = Billboard | date = 23 March 1996 | access-date = 23 June 2009}}</ref> In 1997 Jarre returned to the analogue synthesisers of the 1970s with ''[[Oxygene 7–13|Oxygène 7–13]]'',<ref name="oldtime">{{Citation | last = McCormack | first = Neil | title = Give me that old-time synthesiser music | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4707654/Give-me-that-old-time-synthesiser-music.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121111224506/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4707654/Give-me-that-old-time-synthesiser-music.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 11 November 2012 | work = The telegraph| date = 22 February 1997 | access-date = 20 June 2009}}</ref> dedicated to his mentor at the [[Groupe de Recherches Musicales#Groupe de Recherches Musicales|GRM]], [[Pierre Schaeffer]], who had died two years before.<ref>{{Citation | title = Oxygène 7–13 sleeve notes | publisher = Francis Dreyfus Music and Jean-Michel Jarre | year = 1997 | id=486984 2}}</ref> In September that year he set his fourth record for the largest-ever outdoor-concert audience with a performance at the [[Moscow State University]], celebrating the 850th anniversary of Moscow. The event was viewed by an audience of about 3.5&nbsp;million.<ref>{{Citation | last = Cacciottolo | first = Mario | title = Jarre breathes again with Oxygene | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7314713.stm | publisher = BBC | date = 28 March 2008 | access-date = 26 May 2009}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">''Guinness Book of Records'', edition 1998</ref> Another large-scale concert followed on 31 December 1999, in the Egyptian desert near [[Giza]]. [[The Twelve Dreams of the Sun]] celebrated the new millennium and offered a preview of his next album, ''[[Métamorphoses]]''. The show featured performances from more than 1,000&nbsp;local artists and musicians, and was based on ancient Egyptian mythology about the journey of the sun and its effect upon humanity.<ref name="nytimes2000">{{Citation | last = Weber | first = Bruce | title = THE YEAR 2000: THE ENTERTAINMENT; Around the World, Ancient and Modern Creations | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2000/01/02/nyregion/the-year-2000-the-entertainment-around-the-world-ancient-and-modern-creations.html?pagewanted=2 | work = The New York Times | date = 1 February 2000 | access-date = 22 June 2009}}</ref> ===2000s=== [[File:Jean Michel Jarre.jpg|thumbnail|Jarre in 1999-2000]] [[File:Jean Michel Jarre playing a laser harp 1, 2009-05-12.JPG|thumbnail|Jarre playing a [[laser harp]] in 2009]] Jarre released his first vocal album, ''[[Métamorphoses]]'', in 2000.<ref name="jeanmicheljarre.com"/> ''Métamorphoses'' marked a departure from Jarre's earlier work. Sound effects used include radio interference from mobile phones, and Macintalk, a Macintosh program used to generate lyrics on the track "Love, Love, Love". Contributors included Laurie Anderson, who had also appeared on ''Zoolook'', [[Natacha Atlas]] and [[Sharon Corr]].<ref name="officialprofile" /> It was followed in 2001 by ''Interior Music'', an album of 1,000 copies created for use by the Danish audio-visual company [[Bang & Olufsen]] stores.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.echoesanddust.com/2016/06/an-echoes-and-dust-guide-to-jean-michel-jarre-part-4/|title=An Echoes and Dust Guide to... Jean-Michel Jarre (Part 4)|date=2016-06-12|work=Echoes And Dust|access-date=2018-09-07|language=en-US}}</ref> The album consists of two long-form pieces: "Bonjour Hello", is a 25 minute audio [[collage]] of sounds with voices saying short sentences in French, English and Danish. The second piece, "Whispers of Life", is an instrumental version of the first, with the voices removed. <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://fp.nightfall.fr/index_6365_jean-michel-jarre-interior-music.html|title=Jean-michel JARRE : INTERIOR MUSIC (2001)|website=fp.nightfall.fr|access-date=2018-09-07}}</ref> The same year he composed, with Francis Rimbert arrangements, the music for the short-lived French channel Match TV,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Duguay |first1=Michael |title=Jean-Michel Jarre, le magicien du son et de la lumière |date=2009 |publisher=Companyëtquen |isbn=978-2-84993-058-8 |page=163 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UzM3AQAAIAAJ |access-date=8 September 2022 |language=fr}}</ref> and contributed music to the soundtrack of the film ''Who wants to be a Star''.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}} On 7 September 2002, Jarre held a very wet and muddy concert at the {{Interlanguage link|Gammel Vraa|da|Gammel Vraa|lt=Gammel Vrå Enge}} near the city of Aalborg in Denmark, with 40,000 spectators (including 5,000 VIPs). Danish band [[Safri Duo]] featured on the track "Aero", which in fact was Bourges 2 from the performance earlier that year, and Rendez-Vous 4. The concert was broadcast live on various TV stations around the world and a shortened one-hour version was made available for rebroadcast.<ref name="Aalborg">{{Citation|title=Aalborg – 2002 |url=http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/aalborg-2002 |publisher=jeanmicheljarre.com |access-date=23 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014073557/http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/aalborg-2002 |archive-date=14 October 2009 }}</ref><ref name="BBCAero">{{Citation | title = Fans' fear at Danish concert | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2251649.stm | publisher = news.bbc.co.uk | date = 16 September 2002 | access-date = 23 June 2009}}</ref> By no fault of Jarre, due to 22 millimeters of rain and lack of proper preparation for and execution of the event, it took several hours for all people to be able to leave the area, and many cars were stuck until the next day. The problems subsequently became a big issue in Danish media, since, had there been an accident, it would be extremely difficult for help to get to the location. Two years previously, nine people were killed at [[Roskilde Festival#2000 incident|Roskilde Festival]], which had brought focus on security at large concerts. Preparations for AERO were later proven to have been lacking, and the police investigation concluded, in part, that permission for the concert should not have been granted.<ref name="AeroPoliceReport">{{cite book |author=Politimesteren i Aalborg (Aalborg chief of police) |title=REDEGØRELSE VEDRØRENDE JEAN MICHEL JARRE-KONCERTEN 'AERO' I Gl. VRÅ ENGE DEN 7. SEPTEMBER 2002 |trans-title=Report regarding the Jean Michel Jarre concert 'AERO' in Gl. Vrå Enge September 7th 2002 |date=3 April 2003 |id=Journ.nr. 5100-83990-00445-02 |language=Danish |at=Section 10.3 }} </ref><ref name="AeroPoliceReportMirror">Web mirror of police report: {{cite web |title=AERO Police Repport – 3 April 2003 |url=http://www.betazehn.free.fr/aero/AERO%20Repport.htm |access-date=4 July 2013|language=Danish }}</ref> Reactions from spectators were mixed, some claiming it was unsafe, and others saying it was a case of overreacting.<ref name="BBCAero" /> In 2002 he released ''[[Sessions 2000]]''. A concert in September 2002 at a [[wind farm]] near [[Aalborg]] in Denmark proved problematic when 22mm of rain fell on the venue, causing long delays for spectators.<ref name="Aalborg">{{Citation|title=Aalborg – 2002 |url=http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/aalborg-2002 |publisher=jeanmicheljarre.com |access-date=23 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091014073557/http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/aalborg-2002 |archive-date=14 October 2009 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation | title = Fans' fear at Danish concert | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/2251649.stm | publisher = BBC | date = 16 September 2002 | access-date = 23 June 2009}}</ref> It also marked a change in direction in Jarre's live concerts; from [[Rendez-vous Houston]] onwards he had been accompanied by a full complement of live musicians, but at Aalborg he was accompanied only by Francis Rimbert, and having guests like the Klarup Girls Choir, [[Safri Duo]] and the Aalborg Symphonic Orchestra.<ref name="Aalborg" /> In 2003 he released ''Geometry of Love'' on Warner Music label, it was commissioned by [[Jean-Roch]] as soundtrack for his 'V.I.P. Room' nightclub in France.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Larkin |first1=Colin |title=The Encyclopedia of Popular Music |date=27 May 2011 |publisher=Omnibus Press |isbn=978-0-85712-595-8 |page=2000 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_NNmFiUnSmUC&dq=geometry+of+love+jarre&pg=RA2-PA2000 |access-date=7 September 2022 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Ratiner |first1=Tracie |title=Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music |date=May 2010 |publisher=Cengage Gale |isbn=978-0-7876-9617-7 |page=1965 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0MhaAAAAYAAJ |access-date=7 September 2022 |language=en}}</ref> The physical [[Compact Disc|CD]] was a long time out of print, but in 2018 remastered reissue was released on CD again. The album cover is a pixelated and turned counter-clockwise photo of Jarre's girlfriend at the time, [[Isabelle Adjani]].<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Geometry Of Love |type=booklet |publisher=Columbia/Sony Music |year=2018 |id=19075833892}}</ref> In October 2004 he returned to China to open its "Year of France" cultural exchange. Jarre gave two performances, the first at the [[Meridian Gate]] of the [[Forbidden City]], and the second in [[Tiananmen Square]]. More than 15,000&nbsp;spectators watched the concert at the Meridian Gate, and each concert was transmitted nationwide on live television. Jarre collaborated with musician Chen Lin. Accompanying his traditional musical repertoire, 600&nbsp;projectors shone coloured light and images across various screens and objects.<ref>{{Citation | title = Jean-Michel Jarre lights up China | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/3733290.stm | publisher = BBC | date = 11 October 2004 | access-date = 15 March 2009}}</ref> In September 2004, Jarre released ''[[AERO]]'', both a DVD and a CD in one package. Purportedly the world's first album released for 5.1 systems, with it being fully "constructed" in 5.1 [[surround sound]], it contains re-recorded versions of some of his most famous tracks, including tracks from ''Oxygène'' and ''Équinoxe''. Accompanying the audio, the DVD features a visual image of [[Anne Parillaud]]'s eyes, recorded in real time as she listened to the album.<ref name="sensualhealing">{{Citation | last = Hodgkinson | first = Will | title = Sensual Healing | url = https://www.theguardian.com/music/2004/sep/17/4 | work = The Guardian| date = 17 September 2004 | access-date = 20 June 2009}}</ref> Jarre used the minimalist imagery to reinforce the audio content of the DVD.<ref>{{Citation | title = BBC Breakfast News | publisher = BBC | date = 16 September 2004}}</ref> The CD was mixed in super-stereo. In his role of UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador, Jarre performed a concert named [[Water for Life]] in Morocco, on 16 December 2006, to celebrate the United Nations Year of Desertification in the world.<ref>{{Citation | title = Jean-Michel Jarre celebrates "Water for Life" in the Sahara | url = http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=38273&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | publisher = UNESCO | date = 19 December 2006 | access-date = 27 May 2009}}</ref> The performance was in front of the Erg Chebbi Dunes of [[Merzouga]], in the [[Sahara]]. A free event, it was attended by about 25,000 people. Images of water and the environment were projected onto nine vertical screens, held in place by sand which was watered to keep it hard. Several permanent drinking fountains were built on the site, along with a permanent electricity installation. Jarre was accompanied by over 60&nbsp;Moroccan artists.<ref>{{Harvnb|Jarre|2007|pp=38–40}}</ref> Jarre released ''[[Téo & Téa]]'' on 26 March 2007,{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} a studio album that described the different stages of a loving relationship.<ref>{{Citation | title = Jean-Michel Jarre Teo & Tea Interview | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XSAY-hknEIc | via = YouTube | access-date = 19 June 2009}}</ref> In that same year released on [[EMI]] label a new recording of his 1976 album named ''[[Oxygène: New Master Recording]]''.<ref>{{Cite AV media |title=Oxygène: New Master Recording |year=2007 |publisher=EMI/Capitol Records/Aero Productions |id=50999 5141372 9}}</ref><ref name="soundonsound">{{Citation | last = Flint | first = Tom | title = Jean-Michel Jarre – 30 Years of Oxygene | url = http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/feb08/articles/jmjarre.htm | work = Sound on Sound | date = February 2008 | access-date = 28 May 2009}}</ref> Jarre performed 10 concerts (''Oxygène Live'') in December 2007, held in the [[Théâtre Marigny]], located in the [[Champs-Élysées]], Paris. Later in 2008 Jarre performed several concerts to celebrate the 30th anniversary of ''Oxygène'', in theaters in Europe. Following one such performance at the [[Royal Albert Hall]] Jarre met [[Brian May]], who proposed he create a concert in [[Tenerife]] for the [[International Year of Astronomy]],<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.iac.es/divulgacion.php?op1=16&id=535&lang=en|title=Jean-Michel Jarre: "The extraordinary landscapes of the Canary Islands are very inspiring to my music"|publisher=iac.es|access-date=10 December 2008|date=14 July 2008}}</ref> but a lack of sponsorship meant that the concert did not take place.<ref>{{Citation|url=http://jeanmicheljarre.es/concierto-en-canarias-cancelado|title=Concierto en Canarias Cancelado|publisher=jeanmicheljarre.es|language=es|date=9 April 2009|access-date=11 August 2009|archive-date=13 April 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413103408/http://jeanmicheljarre.es/concierto-en-canarias-cancelado|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2009 he was selected as the artistic director of the World Sky Race,<ref>{{Citation | title = Jean-Michel Jarre becomes Artistic Director of the World Sky Race| url = http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=44634&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | publisher = UNESCO | date = 25 February 2009 | access-date = 26 May 2009}}</ref> and also accepted a role as Goodwill Ambassador for the International Year of Astronomy.<ref>{{Citation | title = Jean-Michel Jarre acts as Master of Ceremonies for the Global Launch of the International Year of Astronomy (2009) | url = http://portal.unesco.org/es/ev.php-URL_ID=45356&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html | date = 1 May 2009 | publisher = UNESCO | access-date = 23 June 2009}}</ref> In 2009 he started an indoor tour in arenas throughout Europe.<ref>{{Citation | last = Sullivan | first = Caroline | title = Jean-Michel Jarre | url = https://www.theguardian.com/music/2009/may/25/jean-michel-jarre-tour-wembley | work = The Guardian| date = 25 May 2009 | access-date = 20 June 2009}}</ref> ===2010s=== [[File:Concierto de Jean Michel Jarre (4848319578).jpg|250px|thumb|right|Jarre's concert in [[Santiago de Compostela]] ([[Galicia (Spain)|Galicia, Spain]]) on July 31, 2010.]] On 1 March 2010, Jean-Michel Jarre started the second leg of his 2009–10 Indoors tour; on 10 June, he was presented with a [[Lifetime Achievement Award]] by [[Mojo (magazine)|''Mojo'' magazine]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mojo4music.com/blog/2010/06/red_carpet_gallery_honours_lis.html |title=Latest Big Music News, Features & Stories &#124; MOJO |website=Mojo |date=20 January 2014 |access-date=26 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130214211049/http://www.mojo4music.com/blog/2010/06/red_carpet_gallery_honours_lis.html |archive-date=14 February 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> On 30 May 2011, ''[[Essentials & Rarities]]'', a double-CD set, was released. This was the last Jarre work to be released by Disques Dreyfus. The ''Essentials'' disc is a compilation of some of his most famous works. The ''Rarities'' disc includes pieces recorded in the years prior to the release of ''[[Oxygene (album)|Oxygène]]''. After this release, Jarre recovered sole intellectual property rights over his work, which had previously been owned by Francis Dreyfus Music. On 1 July 2011, Jarre performed a large-scale concert in [[Monaco]] to celebrate the marriage of [[Albert II, Prince of Monaco|Prince Albert]] and his bride [[Charlene, Princess of Monaco|Charlene]]. During the last [[Q1 (calendar year)|quarter]] of 2011 he concluded a tour schedule that had lasted for almost 3 years. He used the same format for a later concert at [[Carthage]] during the city's 2013 musical festival. In June 2013, Jarre was elected as president of the ''[[Confédération Internationale des Sociétés d´Auteurs et Compositeurs]]'' (CISAC).<ref>{{Citation|url=http://lexpansion.lexpress.fr/high-tech/jean-michel-jarre-il-n-y-a-pas-d-un-cote-les-bad-guys-du-web-de-l-autre-les-artistes-victimes_388358.html#z3LVaMPMOPD1ODFY.99|title=Jean-Michel Jarre: "Il n'y a pas d'un côté les bad guys du web, de l'autre les artistes victimes"|date=6 June 2013}}</ref> In Spring 2015, Jarre released the first music from a new studio album, released in October 2015, following around four years of work.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.harderbloggerfaster.com/2015/04/gesaffelstein-jean-michel-jarre-collaborate-for-conquistador/|title=Gesaffelstein & Jean-Michel Jarre Collaborate For 'Conquistador'|publisher=Harder Blogger Faster|date=20 April 2015|access-date=21 April 2015}}</ref> The album, ''[[Electronica 1: The Time Machine]]'' (working title: ''E-Project''),<ref>{{cite web |last1=MZK |first1=Redacción |title=LLega lo nuevo de Jean-Michel Jarre |url=https://muzikalia.com/llega-lo-nuevo-de-jean-michel-jarre/ |website=Muzikalia |access-date=25 August 2021 |language=es-ES |date=15 October 2015}}</ref> comprises a number of collaborations with other artists. The first of these to be released was the collaboration with [[Gesaffelstein]] entitled ''Conquistador'', followed by ''Glory'', with [[M83 (band)|M83]]. The track was also featured as part of the soundtrack of a short film entitled EMIC.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.traxmag.fr/jean-michel-jarre-album-huit-ans/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402164707/http://www.traxmag.fr/jean-michel-jarre-album-huit-ans/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2 April 2015|title=Jean-Michel Jarre : un album à l'horizon après hurt and d'absence|language=fr}}</ref> Other collaborations on the album include ''Zero Gravity'' tracks with; [[Armin van Buuren]] for "[[Stardust (composition)|Stardust]]",<ref>{{cite web |title=Armin van Buuren vs Jean Michel Jarre - Stardust |url=https://beatandmix.com/armin-van-buuren-stardust/ |website=BEAT&MIX |access-date=25 August 2021 |language=es |date=1 August 2015}}</ref> [[John Carpenter]] for ''"A Question of Blood"'',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bloody-disgusting.com/news/3355600/jean-michel-jarre-teams-john-carpenter-collaboration-track/|title=Jean-Michel Jarre Teams With John Carpenter|date=3 August 2015}}</ref> [[Little Boots]] for ''If..!''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stern.de/kultur/musik/jean-michel-jarre-album--electronica-1---das-gipfeltreffen-der-elektronischen-musikszene-6423598.html|title=Jean-Michel Jarre lädt zum Gipfeltreffen der Elektro-Szene|language=de|date=28 August 2015}}</ref> and [[Pete Townshend]] for ''Travelator, Pt. 2''. The album became Jarre's first album in over 25 years to make the UK Top 10 at No. 8. In December 2016, the album was nominated for the Grammys 2017 Awards in the "Best Dance/Electronic Album" category.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pitchfork.com/news/70101-grammys-2017-the-full-nominations-list/|title=Grammys 2017: The Full Nominations List|website=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]]|date=6 December 2016|access-date=7 December 2016}}</ref> In June 2015, in collaboration with Jean-Michel Jarre, the transmedia project ''[[Soundhunters]]'' was released on the platform of the Franco-German channel [[Arte|ARTE]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aerozonejmj.fr/jmj-parrain-du-projet-transmedia-soundhunters-2013-2015/|title=JMJ parrain du projet transmedia "Soundhunters" (2013–2016) {{!}} Aerozone JMJ|website=Aerozonejmj.fr|access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref> The transmedia conceptualized by the Blies brothers (Stéphane Hueber-Blies and Nicolas Blies), François Le Gall and Marion Guth of the Luxembourg production company a_BAHN, is openly inspired by the album ''[[Zoolook]]'' to which it pays tribute.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://paperjam.lu/article/questions-soundhunters-cest-un-road-movie-musical|title=Soundhunters, c'est un road movie musical|website=Paperjam.lu|access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref> [[File:Jean-Michel Jarre Cannes 2016.jpg|thumb|200px|Jean-Michel at a [[Cannes Festival|Cannes festival]] 2016]] [[File:Jarre_playing_on_keys.jpg|right|thumb|upright|Jean-Michel Jarre performing Electronica tour in Bratislava]] On 5 October 2016, [[Democracy in Europe Movement 2025]] announced that Jarre would be a member of its advisory panel.<ref>{{cite web | title=Leading activists, artists, scholars and political figures take central role in DiEM25 | url=https://www.opendemocracy.net/can-europe-make-it/diem25/leading-activists-artists-scholars-and-political-figures-take-central-role |website=Opendemocracy.net | date=5 October 2016 | access-date=5 October 2016}}</ref> The transmedia is composed of a web documentary using ''Zoolook''{{'}}s creative process involving 4 international artists ([[Simonne Jones]], Mikael Seifu, [[Daedelus (musician)|Daedelus]] and [[Luke Vibert]]);<ref>{{cite web|url=http://i-docs.org/2015/08/03/soundhunters-an-interactive-documentary-experience-capturing-the-world-in-samples/|title=Soundhunters: an interactive documentary experience capturing the world in samples {{!}} i-Docs|website=I-docs.org|access-date=17 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717104410/http://i-docs.org/2015/08/03/soundhunters-an-interactive-documentary-experience-capturing-the-world-in-samples/|archive-date=17 July 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> a 52' documentary film directed by [[:fr:Beryl Koltz|Beryl Koltz]] broadcast in September 2015 on ARTE (with the participation of Chassol, [[Matthew Herbert]], [[Blixa Bargeld]], Jean-Michel Jarre, [[Matmos]], Kiz, [[Joseph Bertolozzi]]); and finally a participatory tribute music album whose tracks were chosen by Jean-Michel Jarre, entitled ''Zoolook Revisited''.<ref>{{Citation|last=SOUNDHUNTERS|title="ZOOLOOK REVISITED" ALBUM CONTEST|date=22 June 2015|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=4&v=EBiTT5S1C1Y|access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Zoolook-Revisited-Tribute-Jean-Michel-Concept/dp/B01CXD3E4K|title=Zoolook Revisited (A Tribute to Jean-Michel Jarre's Concept Album) by Various artists on Amazon Music |website=Amazon |access-date=9 October 2019}}</ref> ''[[Soundhunters]]'' won the Fipa d'Or 2015 in Biarritz.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telerama.fr/television/fipa-2015-un-cru-d-un-bon-niveau-mais-de-rares-pepites,122037.php|title=Fipa 2015 : un cru d'un bon niveau, mais de rares pépites|website=Télérama.fr|date=24 January 2015|language=fr|access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref> ''[[Soundhunters]]'' was also presented in conference at [[South by Southwest|SXSW]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://schedule.sxsw.com/2016/2016/events/event_PP58231|title=Become a Soundhunter! {{!}} SXSW 2016 Event Schedule|website=SXSW Schedule 2016|access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref> and Convergence [[New York Film Festival|NYFF]] 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.filmlinc.org/films/sound-hunters/|title=Sound Hunters|website=Film at Lincoln Center|language=en|access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref> In 2016, ''[[Electronica 2: The Heart of Noise]]'' was released with 15 more collaborators, including [[Pet Shop Boys]], [[Hans Zimmer]], [[Yello]] and [[Gary Numan]]. One track (8 "Exit") includes speech by [[Edward Snowden]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/apr/15/jean-michel-jarre-records-with-edward-snowden-nsa-whistleblower|title=Jean-Michel Jarre records with Edward Snowden – after the Guardian brings them together|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|location=London, United Kingdom|author=Alexis Petridis|date=15 April 2016|access-date=18 April 2016|author-link=Alexis Petridis}}</ref> Electronica 2 has been nominated in the ''Album de musiques électroniques ou dance'' category for the Grammy 2017 in USA & Victoires de la Musique 2017 awards in France.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mobile.francetvinfo.fr/culture/musique/victoires-de-la-musique/32e-victoires-de-la-musique-la-liste-des-nomines-est-connue_2011379.html|title=32e Victoires de la musique : la liste des nominés est connue|access-date=10 January 2017|date=10 January 2017}}</ref> On 11 April 2016, it was revealed that Jarre worked in collaboration with British virtual band [[Gorillaz]] on their fifth studio album ''[[Humanz]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Young|first1=Alex|title=Work is well underway on Gorillaz's new album|url=http://consequenceofsound.net/2016/04/work-is-well-underway-on-gorillazs-new-album/|website=Consequence of Sound|publisher=Consequence of Sound|access-date=13 April 2016|date=11 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Galbraith|first1=Alex|title=Gorillaz Tease Their Latest Foray into The Studio and a New Album|url=http://uproxx.com/music/gorillaz-new-album-instagram/|website=Uproxx.com|publisher=Uproxx|access-date=13 April 2016|date=12 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=JAMIE HEWLETT TEASES GORILLAZ STUDIO FOOTAGE|url=http://diymag.com/2016/04/11/jamie-hewlett-teases-gorillaz-studio-footage|website=Diymag.com|publisher=DIY Magazine|access-date=13 April 2016}}</ref> He also composed during 2016 the soundtrack for the French news network [[France Info]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.francetvinfo.fr/economie/medias/comment-jean-michel-jarre-a-rhabille-franceinfo_1800429.html|title=Comment Jean-Michel Jarre a rhabillé franceinfo|date=29 August 2016 |language=French}}</ref> This soundtrack was released as ''[[Radiophonie Vol. 9]]'' on 13 January 2017. On 30 September 2016, Jarre himself announced on his social networks a new album, called ''[[Oxygène 3]]'', released on 2 December 2016, the 40th anniversary of Oxygène. In 2017, he performed a concert near the fortress of [[Masada]], for the purpose of saving the [[Dead Sea]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Jean-Michel Jarre to play anti-Donald Trump Dead Sea concert|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/apr/03/jean-michel-jarre-anti-donald-trump-dead-sea-concert|access-date=18 April 2017|work=The Guardian|date=3 April 2017}}</ref> He also performed a special concert for the opening of the ''Año Jubilar'' (Jubilee year) at the Monasterio de [[Santo Toribio de Liébana]], in Spain.<ref>{{cite news|title=La música de Jean-Michel Jarre hipnotiza a Liébana|url=http://www.eldiariomontanes.es/liebana/201704/29/previa-concierto-20170428114529.html|language=es}}</ref> Both concerts were heavily based in the Electronica Tour concept. During May 2017, Jarre toured in Canada and USA for the first time in his career,<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/dance/7668890/jean-michel-jarre-2017-tour-north-america|title=Grammy-Nominated Jean-Michel Jarre Announces First North American Tour in 2017|access-date=19 June 2017|date=24 January 2017}}</ref> and in July 2017 another leg of the tour was held in Europe. In March 2018, Jarre performed in South America for the first time as part of his Electronica Tour in [[Buenos Aires]]<ref>{{cite news|title=Jean-Michel Jarre: "Hacer música es como cocinar"|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/2118873-jean-michel-jarre-hacer-musica-es-como-cocinar|work=La Nación|date=22 March 2018|language=es}}</ref> and [[Santiago de Chile]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.humonegro.com/en-vivo/jean-michel-jarre-chile-2018/|title=Jean-Michel Jarre: la gran sinfonía espacial|date=28 March 2018|language=es}}</ref> These concerts were originally scheduled for November 2017, but problems with the production company caused the rescheduling.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://culto.latercera.com/2017/11/07/jean-michel-jarre-cancelacion-conciertos-fenix-entertainment-group-cumplio-los-plazos-estipulados-contrato/|title=Jean-Michel Jarre y su cancelación en Chile y Argentina: "Fenix Entertainment Group no cumplió con los plazos"|language=es}}</ref> The 2018 leg of the tour continued in Canada and the United States during April, including the presentation of the Electronica show with a reduced track list in the [[Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival]], ending with a one-off concert at [[Riyadh]] to celebrate the 88th Saudi National Day (23 September). This concert was called "The Green Concert", and involved laser projections on the skyscrapers of the financial center of Riyadh.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.msopr.com/press-releases/jean-michel-jarre-to-perform-the-green-concert-at-saudi-arabia-national-day-this-sunday-september-23/|title=JEAN-MICHEL JARRE To Perform "The Green Concert" At Saudi Arabia National Day This Sunday, September 23 &#124; Mitch Schneider Organization|first=Sean|last=Thomson|website=Msopr.com|access-date=9 October 2019}}</ref> In September 2018, a studio compilation album entitled ''[[Planet Jarre|Planet Jarre – 50 Years of Music]]'', consisting of forty-one songs in "four quite different styles of composition", was released.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://jeanmicheljarre.com/|title=Jean-Michel Jarre / Official Site|website=Jeanmichel.jarre.com|access-date=9 October 2019}}</ref> Jarre released his new studio album ''[[Equinoxe Infinity]]'' in November 2018. On 26 November 2018, Jarre and Scott Kirkland of [[The Crystal Method]] announced that they would be collaborating on a track on Jarre's next ''Electronica'' album.<ref>{{cite web|title=Electronic Music Titans Jean-Michel Jarre and the Crystal Method in Conversation|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/stevebaltin/2018/11/26/electronic-music-titans-jean-michel-jarre-and-the-crystal-method-in-conversation/|work=Forbes|access-date=26 March 2018}}</ref> In January 2019, [[HSBC]] revealed their new musical identity, composed by Jarre.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://econsultancy.com/hsbc-brand-refresh-universal-sound-audio/|title=How HSBC refreshed its brand with a "universal" sound|access-date=25 February 2020|date=April 2019}}</ref> On 3 October 2019, French editor [[Robert Laffont]] published Melancolique Rodeo, Jarre's autobiography. Jarre started a promotional tour for his book. On 7 November 2019, Jarre announced the release of an [[Application software|application]] for the [[iOS]] operating system named [[EoN|EōN]]. This application contains morphing graphics created by an [[algorithm]] developed by Alexis André of Sony Computer Science Laboratories, and music generated from 7 hours of recorded material by Jarre.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-50335897 |title=Jean-Michel Jarre launches 'infinite album' - BBC News |work=BBC News |date=7 November 2019 |access-date=22 March 2020}}</ref> This music is always different on every device. The [[Artificial Intelligence|AI]] algorithm which composes on the fly based on the rules set by Jarre was developed by BLEASS.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://discchord.com/appnews/2019/11/07/eon-by-jean-michel-jarre|title=EōN by Jean-Michel Jarre|website=Discchord.com|access-date=17 September 2021|archive-date=13 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210413100924/https://discchord.com/appnews/2019/11/07/eon-by-jean-michel-jarre|url-status=dead}}</ref> A limited deluxe box set was later released with excerpts from the application and a book with snapshots.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.insideoutshop.de/Item/Jean-Michel_Jarre_-_SNAPSHOTS_FROM_EoN/16583|title=Jean-Michel Jarre - Snapshits from eon|website=Insideoutshop.de|access-date=17 September 2021}}</ref> === 2020–present === On 31 December 2020, Jarre held a virtual New Year's Eve concert online.<ref>{{Cite web|last=December 2020|first=Jerry Ewing08|title=Jean-Michel Jarre announces New Years Eve virtual live show|url=https://www.loudersound.com/news/jean-michel-jarre-announces-new-years-eve-virtual-live-show|access-date=2021-01-06|website=Prog Magazine|date=8 December 2020|language=en}}</ref> He performed from a studio in Paris, but it appeared virtually from a [[Notre-Dame de Paris|Notre Dame]] setting. The show has had over 75 million viewers as of 5 January 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|last=January 2021|first=Jerry Ewing05|title=Jean-Michel Jarre celebrates 75million viewers for NYE show|url=https://www.loudersound.com/news/jean-michel-jarre-celebrates-75million-viewers-for-nye-show|access-date=2021-01-06|website=Prog Magazine|date=5 January 2021|language=en}}</ref> The show was done in support of his new album "''Welcome to the other side,''" which features 12 tracks from his previously released music.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Mullins|first=Ellie|date=2021-01-03|title=Jean-Michel Jarre kicks off 2021 with virtual Notre-Dame de Paris Cathedral performance|url=https://weraveyou.com/2021/01/jean-michel-jarre-album-show-nye/|access-date=2021-01-06|website=We Rave You|language=en-US}}</ref> The recording of the concert was released on CD, LP and [[Blu-ray]] in September, 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-07-21|url=https://www.sonymusic.es/actualidad/jean-michel-jarre-anuncia-el-lanzamiento-en-formato-fisico-de-su-innovadora-actuacion-de-ano-nuevo-welcome-to-the-other-side/|language=es|title=Jean-Michel Jarre anuncia el lanzamiento en formato físico de su innovadora actuación de Año Nuevo "Welcome To The Other Side"}}</ref> On 21 June 2021, Jarre was awarded Commander to the Legion of Honour by French president [[Emmanuel Macron]] at the Elysée presidential palace in Paris. After the ceremony he performed at the same venue as part of the [[Fête de la Musique]].<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/9591678/jean-michel-jarre-legion-president-emmanuel-macron/ |title=Archived copy |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=10 September 2021 |archive-date=11 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210911000210/https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/9591678/jean-michel-jarre-legion-president-emmanuel-macron/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> In March 2022 Jarre presented a live project, ''Oxymore'', at [[Radio France]]'s Hyper Weekend Festival located at [[Paris]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Jean-Michel Jarre Debuts Immersive Live Project, 'Oxymore' |url=https://www.mixonline.com/live-sound/jean-michel-jarre-debuts-immersive-live-project-oxymore |access-date=17 June 2022 |work=Mixonline |date=3 March 2022}}</ref> ==Personal life== Jarre was married to Flore Guillard from 1975 until 1977.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Autier |first1=Quentin |title=Émilie Jarre : la fille aînée de Jean-Michel Jarre revient sur son enfance auprès de Charlotte Rampling |url=https://amomama.fr/193674-emilie-jarre-la-fille-ainee-de-jean-mich.html |website=amomama.fr |access-date=25 August 2021 |language=fr |date=14 February 2020}}</ref> He met his second wife, actress [[Charlotte Rampling]], at a dinner party in [[Saint-Tropez|St Tropez]] in 1976.<ref name="JarreRamplingIndependent">{{Citation | last = Boucher | first = Caroline | title = How We Met: Jean-Michel Jarre and Charlotte Rampling | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/how-we-met-jeanmichel-jarre-and-charlotte-rampling-1459832.html | work = The independent | date = 8 August 1993 | access-date = 26 May 2009 | archive-date = 26 June 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150626203915/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/how-we-met-jeanmichel-jarre-and-charlotte-rampling-1459832.html | url-status = dead }}</ref> The two married, and Jarre gaining custody of his daughter Émilie Charlotte,<ref name="JarreRamplingIndependent" /> and Rampling did the same with her son Barnaby, also Jarre and Rampling had David as a son.<ref>{{cite news |author=James Mottram |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/charlotte-rampling-ive-lived-with-fear-all-my-life-7619008.html#r3z-addoor |title=Charlotte Rampling: 'I've lived with fear all my life' |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |date=8 April 2012 |access-date=22 March 2020 |archive-date=6 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506154036/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/charlotte-rampling-ive-lived-with-fear-all-my-life-7619008.html#r3z-addoor |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jarre and Rampling separated in 1996<ref name="Ramplingindependent">{{Citation | last = Lichfield | first = John | title = Charlotte Rampling: Magnetic, depressed and creative – an actress of our times | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/charlotte-rampling-magnetic-depressed-and-creative--an-actress-of-our-times-536777.html | work = The independent | date = 23 August 2003 | access-date = 26 May 2009 }}{{dead link|date=August 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | title = 20-year marriage over for Charlotte Rampling and Jean-Michel Jarre | work = [[Hello! (magazine)|Hello!]] | date = 21 June 1997 | pages = 24–25}}</ref> and divorced in 2002.<ref name="infromthecold">{{Citation | last = Byrnes | first = Sholto | title = Charlotte Rampling: In from the cold | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/charlotte-rampling-in-from-the-cold-529788.html | work = The independent| date = 26 March 2005 | access-date = 26 May 2009}}</ref> He had a brief relationship with [[Isabelle Adjani]],<ref>{{Citation | title = Adjani splits with unfaithful Jarre | url = http://www.contactmusic.net:80/isabelle-adjani/news/adjani-splits-with-unfaithful-jarre | publisher = contactmusic.com | date = 25 June 2004 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20191202013159/http://www.contactmusic.net/isabelle-adjani/news/adjani-splits-with-unfaithful-jarre | access-date = 2 August 2009 | archive-date = 2 December 2019 | url-status = live }}</ref> and married French actress [[Anne Parillaud]] in May 2005.<ref>{{Citation | last = Frain | first = Par Irene | title = Jean-Michel Jarre Anne Parillaud, Rebelles...et mariés | work = [[Paris Match]] | date = 19 May 2005 | language = fr}}</ref> In November 2010 the couple announced their divorce.<ref>{{Citation|title=Jean-Michel Jarre et Anne Parillaud, c'est fini! |last=Torino-Gilles |first=Loïc |url=http://www.francesoir.fr/people/jean-michel-jarre-et-anne-parillaud-c-est-fini.57240?ref=nf |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120801081156/http://www.francesoir.fr/people/jean-michel-jarre-et-anne-parillaud-c-est-fini.57240?ref=nf |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 August 2012 |work=France Soir |date=19 November 2010 |access-date=19 November 2010 |language=fr }}</ref> Jarre has a half-sister, Stéphanie Jarre, from [[Maurice Jarre]]'s other marriages.<ref name="Jenkins159">{{Harvnb|Jenkins|2007|p=159}}</ref> His stepbrother, [[Kevin Jarre]], died in 2011.<ref>{{Citation | last = Nelson | first = Valerie | title = Kevin Jarre dies at 56; screenwriter of 'Glory' and 'Tombstone' | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-kevin-jarre-20110422,0,6990580.story | work = Los Angeles Times | date = 22 April 2011 | access-date = 6 May 2011}}</ref> Although Maurice and Jean-Michel remained estranged, following Maurice's death in 2009, Jarre paid tribute to his legacy.<ref>{{Citation | last = Rogers | first = Georgie | title = Jarre pays tribute to late father | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7976187.stm | publisher = BBC | date = 1 April 2009 | access-date = 26 May 2009}}</ref> Jarre said about his father: "My father and I never really achieved a real relationship. We probably saw each other 20&nbsp;or 25&nbsp;times in our lifetime. When you are able, at my age, to count the times you have seen your father, it says something... I think it's better to have conflict, or, if you have a parent who dies, you grieve, but the feeling of absence is very difficult to fill, and it took me a while to absorb that.<ref name="Smoothoperator" /> ==Large concerts== {{See also|List of Jean-Michel Jarre concerts}} {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:left; margin:left;" |- ! Date ! Audience ! Place ! Event ! Note |- | 14 July 1979 | 1 million | [[Place de la Concorde]] | celebrating [[Bastille Day]] | 1st entry in the [[Guinness Book of Records]] for largest outdoor concert crowd.<ref name="Remilleux 1988 57" /><ref name="Steamroller"/> |- | 5 April 1986 | 1.5 million | [[Houston]] | celebration of the 150th anniversary of Texas and 25th anniversary of [[NASA]] | 2nd entry in the Guinness Book of Records.<ref name="Steamroller" /><ref name="houstonconcertvideo">{{Citation | title = Rendez-Vous Houston – A City in Concert | publisher = PolyGram Music Video | year = 1989}}</ref> |- | 5 October 1986 | 0.8 million | [[Lyon]] | To celebrate [[Pope John Paul II]]'s visit to Jarre's hometown of [[Lyon]]. |<ref name="Steamroller" /> |- | 8, 9 October 1988 | 0.2 million | London | Large outdoor concert titled "[[Destination Docklands]]" performed in London's docklands. | Noted for its planning difficulties and poor weather.<ref name="Steamroller" /> |- | 14 July 1990 | 2.5 million | [[Paris la Defénse]] | celebration of the 200th anniversary of the French Revolution 1789–1989 | 3rd entry in the Guinness Book of Records.<ref name="Steamroller" /><ref name="Matthews 1994 169" /><ref name="defenseconcertvideo">{{Citation | title = Paris La Défense – A City in Concert| publisher = Genesis | year = 1992}}</ref> |- | 14 July 1995 | 1.25 million | [[Eiffel Tower]] | [[UNESCO]]'s 50th birthday and UNESCO'S proclaimed year of tolerance<ref>{{Citation|title=Concert For Tolerance – 1995 |url=http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/concert-for-tolerance-1995 |publisher=jeanmicheljarre.com |access-date=23 June 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090909152055/http://www.jeanmicheljarre.com/live-o-graphy/concert-for-tolerance-1995 |archive-date=9 September 2009 }}</ref> |Originally intended to take place at [[Les Invalides]], but changed at short notice. Was originally announced as the first of a series of Concerts For Tolerance. Only the Paris concert took place.<ref>{{Citation|title=Jean-Michel Jarre – Facebook Live Q&A (13/12/2019)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJQvt9e9i20&t=2695| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211031/WJQvt9e9i20| archive-date=2021-10-31 | url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref> |- | 6 September 1997 | 3.5 million | Moscow | Jarre was invited for a concert celebrating the 850th birthday of Moscow | 4th entry in the Guinness Book of Records <small>(equal with Rod Stewart's 1994 Copacabana concert)</small><ref name="ReferenceA"/> |- | 14 July 1998 | 0.8 million | Eiffel Tower | Bastille Day |"Electronic Night", featuring Jarre performing with numerous dance artists, playing heavily remixed versions of Jarre's music<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.digitalite.net/jean-michel-jarre-electronic-night-1998-world-cup/|title=Jean Michel Jarre Nuit Électronique Electronic Night – World Cup 1998|access-date=28 January 2020|archive-date=28 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128230854/http://www.digitalite.net/jean-michel-jarre-electronic-night-1998-world-cup/|url-status=dead}}</ref> |- | 31 December 1999 | 0.1 million | [[Giza Plateau]] | New Millennium |"The Twelve Dreams of the Sun", celebrating the 7th millennium of Egypt, and part of the worldwide celebrations for the year 2000.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/580891.stm |title=Egyptian court OKs pyramid party |date=28 December 1999 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=22 August 2018}}</ref> |} ==Honours== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} * 1976 – [[Grand Prix du Disque]] by [[L'Académie Charles Cros]], for ''Oxygène''<ref name="Hughesp303" /> * 1976 – "Personality of The Year" by ''[[People (American magazine)|People]]'' magazine (U.S.)<ref name="Hughesp303" /><ref name="crying">{{Citation | title = Crying all the way to the bank | url = https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2000/jan/10/features11.g21 | work = The Guardian| date = 10 January 2000 | access-date = 20 June 2009}}</ref> * 1978 – [[Midem]] award<ref>{{Harvnb|Robertshaw|Jones|1978|p=58}}</ref> * 1979 – ''[[Guinness Book of Records]]'' entry for the biggest concert ever (La Concorde)<ref name="Hughesp303" /> * 1981 – Honorary member of the [[Beijing Conservatory of Music]]. * 1984 – [[Grand Prix du Disque]] by [[L'Académie Charles Cros]], for ''Zoolook''.<ref name="oxygeneconcert" /> * 1985 – Instrumental album of the year, at the [[Victoires de la Musique]] in France, for ''Zoolook''<ref name="oxygeneconcert">{{Citation | title = Oxygène Live in Concert 2008 | publisher = Hill Shorter Ltd (printer) | pages = 10–11 | year = 2008}}</ref> * 1986 – Instrumental album of the year, at the [[Victoires de la Musique]], for ''Rendez-vous''<ref name="oxygeneconcert" /> * 1986 – Musical spectacle of the year, at the [[Victoires de la Musique]], for the Rendez-Vous Houston concert<ref name="oxygeneconcert" /> * 1987 – New ''[[Guinness Book of Records]]'' entry for the biggest concert ever ([[Rendez-Vous Houston]])<ref name="Porticop86" /> * 1987 – "European musician Person of the Year" by ''People'' magazine<ref name="oxygeneconcert" /> * 1990 – New ''[[Guinness Book of Records]]'' entry for the biggest concert ever (Paris La Défense: A City in Concert) * 1993 – [[UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador]]<ref name="Smoothoperator" /> * 1994 – Victoire de la Musique for Chronologie.<ref name="oxygeneconcert" /> * 1994 – Victoire de la Musique for Europe in Concert.<ref>{{Citation|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SAjoZbV_FGc&list=PL8FB32CDD67C9ACF2| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211031/SAjoZbV_FGc| archive-date=2021-10-31 | url-status=live|title=Jean-Michel Jarre Victoire de la Musique 1994}}{{cbignore}}</ref> * 1995 – Awarded [[Légion d'honneur|Chevalier de la Légion d'Honneur]] from the French Government.<ref name="oxygeneconcert" /> * 1997 – New ''[[Guinness Book of Records]]'' entry for the biggest concert ever with 3.5 million watching at Moscow's 850th anniversary<ref>{{cite web |title=Los 15 conciertos mas multitudinarios de la historia – Noticias y Protagonistas |url=https://noticiasyprotagonistas.com/actualidad/los-15-conciertos-mas-multitudinarios-de-la-historia/ |website=noticiasyprotagonistas.com |access-date=24 August 2021}}</ref> * 1998 – [[IFPI]]'s [[Music recording sales certification#IFPI certification|Platinum Europe Award]]<ref>{{Citation | last = Masson | first = Gordon | title = Corrs to continue Jarre's IFPI role | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=PA8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA10 | magazine = Billboard | date = 30 May 2000 | access-date = 12 June 2009}}</ref> * 2005 – HCA Ambassador for the [[Hans Christian Andersen]] 2005 Bicentenary Festival{{col-2}} * 2006 – Polish Television Academy's "Super Wiktor" award for "Space of Freedom" * 2006 – [[Gdańsk]]'s Man of the Year 2005 Award * 2007 – [[Eska Awards|Eska Music Awards]] Special Award * 2008 – Doctor [[Honoris Causa]] by the [[Mendeleev Russian University of Chemistry and Technology]]<ref>{{Citation | title = Jean-Michel Jarre Titled Honorary Doctor of Mendeleyev University | url = http://www.russia-ic.com/news/show/7410/ | publisher = russia-ic.com | date = 19 November 2008 | access-date = 28 May 2009}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url = http://www.muctr.ru/about/hondoc/jarre.php?phrase_id=282701 | script-title = ru:Почетные доктора >> Жан-Мишель Жарр | publisher = muctr.ru | language = ru | access-date = 28 May 2009 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111006170624/http://www.muctr.ru/about/hondoc/jarre.php?phrase_id=282701 | archive-date = 6 October 2011 | url-status = dead}}</ref> * 2010 – [[Mojo (magazine)|MOJO]] Lifetime Achievement Award.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mojo4music.com/blog/2010/06/red_carpet_gallery_honours_lis.html | title=Red Carpet Gallery: Honours List 2010 | website=Mojo | access-date=10 June 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613232525/http://www.mojo4music.com/blog/2010/06/red_carpet_gallery_honours_lis.html | archive-date=13 June 2010 | url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url=http://www.mojo4music.com/blog/2010/06/mojo_honours_list_2010_winners.html | title=MOJO Honours List 2010: The Winners Revealed! | work=Mojo | access-date=10 June 2010 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613232447/http://www.mojo4music.com/blog/2010/06/mojo_honours_list_2010_winners.html | archive-date=13 June 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | url=http://aerojarre.blogspot.com/2010/06/memorable-night.html | title=A Memorable Night| date=12 June 2010|publisher=Jean-Michel Jarre|access-date=12 June 2010 }}</ref> * 2010 – Grand Prix des Musiques Electroniques [[Société des auteurs, compositeurs et éditeurs de musique|SACEM]]<ref>{{Citation | title=Les Grand Prix 2010 | url=http://www.sacem.fr/cms/home/createurs-editeurs/grands_Prix/grands-prix-2010 | language=fr | publisher=SACEM | access-date=29 November 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205151314/http://www.sacem.fr/cms/home/createurs-editeurs/grands_Prix/grands-prix-2010 | archive-date=5 December 2010 | url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2011 – International Cavalchina Award.<ref>{{Citation | title=Gran Ballo della Calvachina... | url=http://www.gazzettino.it/articolo.php?id=140737&sez=CARNEVALE | language=it | publisher=Il Gazzettino | access-date=18 April 2011 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505133916/http://www.gazzettino.it/articolo.php?id=140737&sez=CARNEVALE | archive-date=5 May 2011 | url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2011 – Awarded [[Légion d'honneur|Officier de la Légion d'Honneur]] from the French Government.<ref>{{Citation | title=Culture : les décorés du 14 juillet 2011 | url=http://www.louvrepourtous.fr/Culture-les-decores-du-14-juillet,678.html | language=fr | publisher=Louvre Pour Tous | access-date=14 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | title=La promotion du 14 juillet de la Légion d'honneur | url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2011/07/14/01016-20110714DIMWWW00310-la-promotion-du-14-juillet-de-la-legion-d-honneur.php | language=fr | work=Le Figaro| access-date=14 July 2011| date=14 July 2011 }}</ref> * 2012 – Awarded the "Miembro Honorífico del Claustro Universitario de las Artes" (''Honorary Fellow of the University Senate of the Arts'') by the [[University of Alcalá]] and the Society of Artists of Spain (AIE).<ref>{{Citation | title=El Claustro Universitario de las Artes otorga sus becas a los nuevos miembros honoríficos | language=es | url=http://www2.uah.es/diariodigital/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6502&Itemid=1 | access-date=1 November 2012 | publisher=Diario digital de la Universidad de Alcalá}}</ref> * 2013 – Awarded the [[Steiger Award]] in Germany.<ref>{{Citation | title=Aktuelles | language=de | url=http://www.der-steiger-award.de/aktuelles | access-date=14 October 2013 | publisher=Der Steiger Award | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014172010/http://www.der-steiger-award.de/aktuelles | archive-date=14 October 2013 | url-status=dead }}</ref> * 2013 – Elpida Award. * 2014 – [[Q Awards|Q]] Innovation of Sound award.<ref>{{Citation|title=Xperia Access Q Awards – all the 2014 winners|url=http://www.qthemusic.com/6168/xperia-access-q-awards-all-the-2014-winners/|access-date=22 October 2014|work=Q|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150101052037/http://www.qthemusic.com/6168/xperia-access-q-awards-all-the-2014-winners/|archive-date=1 January 2015}}</ref> * 2014 – [[Institut national de l'audiovisuel|INA]] Distinction Numérique Award.<ref>{{Citation|title=LA DISTINCTION NUMÉRIQUE|url=http://www.institut-national-audiovisuel.fr/actualites/distinction-numerique-.html|access-date=16 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141217044441/http://www.institut-national-audiovisuel.fr/actualites/distinction-numerique-.html|archive-date=17 December 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2015 – [[GQ]] Man of the Year.<ref>{{cite web|title=Les Hommes De L'Anne|url=http://www.gqmagazine.fr/hommes-de-l-annee-2015/palmares|access-date=19 November 2015|publisher=GQ Magazine|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120003021/http://www.gqmagazine.fr/hommes-de-l-annee-2015/palmares|archive-date=20 November 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2017 – [[Roland Corporation|Roland]] Lifetime Achievement Award.<ref>{{cite web|title=Roland and BOSS present Lifetime Achievement Awards to Jean-Michel Jarre and Andy Summers|access-date=26 January 2017|url=http://rekkerd.org/roland-and-boss-present-lifetime-achievement-awards-to-jean-michel-jarre-and-andy-summers/|website=Rekkerd.org|date=25 January 2017}}</ref> * 2017 – [[List of copyright collection societies#Portugal|SPA]] medal of honor.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvi24.iol.pt/musica/spa/jean-michel-jarre-vem-a-lisboa-para-concerto-diferente|title=Jean-Michel Jarre vem a Lisboa para concerto diferente|language=pt|website=Tvi24.iol.pt|access-date=2 June 2017|archive-date=2 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170602205536/http://www.tvi24.iol.pt/musica/spa/jean-michel-jarre-vem-a-lisboa-para-concerto-diferente|url-status=dead}}</ref> * 2017 – [[Stephen Hawking Medal for Science Communication]] by the [[Starmus Festival]] and [[Stephen Hawking]].<ref>{{Citation|url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/stephen-hawking-medal|title=Neil deGrasse Tyson and Jean Michel-Jarre receive the 2017 Stephen Hawking Medal|language=en|magazine=Wired UK|date=6 June 2017|last1=Simon-Lewis|first1=Alexandra}}</ref> * 2018 – Honorary president of [[Institut national de l'audiovisuel|INA]] [[Groupe de Recherches Musicales|GRM]].<ref>{{cite web |title=SUPRALIVE ON INASOUND FESTIVAL/AUGMENTED ACOUSTICS |url=http://www.augmentedacoustics.com/en/2018/11/20/supralive-sur-inasound-festival-augmentedacoustics/ |website=Augmented Acoustics |access-date=25 August 2021 |language=en |date=20 November 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=JMJ nommé Président d'honneur de l'INA-GRM {{!}} Aerozone JMJ |url=https://aerozonejmj.fr/jmj-nomme-president-dhonneur-de-lina-grm/ |website=aerozonejmj.fr |access-date=25 August 2021}}</ref> * 2018 – Honorary member of Polish Authors Society Zaiks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cojestgrane24.wyborcza.pl/cjg24/1,510,29,23490497,146946,Jean-Michel-Jarre-z-tytulem-honorowego-czlonka-ZAi.html|title=Jean Michel Jarre z tytułem honorowego członka ZAiKS-u [ROZMOWA]|language=pl|website=Gazeta Wyborcza}}</ref> * 2019 - [[Hungarian Music Awards|Hungarian Music Award]] for Best Foreign Electronic Recording (''[[Equinoxe Infinity]]'') (nominated)<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fonogram.hu/jeloltek-2019|title=Jelöltek 2019|date=14 March 2019}}</ref> * 2021 – Commander of the [[Legion of Honour]] by [[President Macron]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Fête de la musique: Jean-Michel Jarre fait commandeur de la Légion d'honneur par Emmanuel Macron|date=2021-06-21|url=https://www.bfmtv.com/people/musique/fete-de-la-musique-jean-michel-jarre-fait-commandeur-de-la-legion-d-honneur-par-emmanuel-macron_AN-202106210477.html}}</ref> {{col-end}} An [[asteroid]], [[4422 Jarre]], has been [[List of asteroids named after people|named]] in his honour.<ref>{{Citation | title = (4422) Jarre | url = http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iau/special/rocknroll/0004422.html | website=Cfa-www.harvard.edu | date = 4 October 1990 | access-date = 5 May 2009 }}</ref> He is an [[honorary citizen]] of Gdansk.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://orbe.perfil.com/2010/11/11/polonia-independencia-con-incidentes/1111_polonia_efe_g7/ |title=Polonia: independencia con incidentes |publisher=Orbe.perfil.com |date=11 January 2010 |access-date=26 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202115345/http://orbe.perfil.com/2010/11/11/polonia-independencia-con-incidentes/1111_polonia_efe_g7/ |archive-date=2 February 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> == Discography == {{Main list|Jean-Michel Jarre discography}} As of 2004, Jarre had sold an estimated 80&nbsp;million albums and singles.<ref>{{Citation | title = Disques Dreyfus Announces the American Release of 'The Jean-Michel Jarre Collection' | url = http://www.dreyfusrecords.com/news_article_ns.php?l=0&n=18 | date = 17 February 2004 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080213180012/http://www.dreyfusrecords.com/news_article_ns.php?l=0&n=18 | archive-date = 13 February 2008 | publisher = dreyfusrecords.com | access-date = 5 May 2012}}</ref> === Studio albums === * 1972 – ''Deserted Palace'' * 1973 – ''Les Granges Brûlées'' * 1976 – ''[[Oxygène]]'' * 1978 – ''[[Équinoxe]]'' * 1981 – ''[[Les Chants Magnétiques]]'' * 1983 – ''[[Musique pour Supermarché]]'' * 1984 – ''[[Zoolook]]'' * 1986 – ''[[Rendez-Vous (Jean-Michel Jarre album)|Rendez-Vous]]'' * 1988 – ''[[Revolutions (Jean-Michel Jarre album)|Revolutions]]'' * 1990 – ''[[En attendant Cousteau]]'' * 1993 – ''[[Chronologie]]'' * 1997 – ''[[Oxygène 7–13]]'' * 2000 – ''[[Métamorphoses]]'' * 2001 – ''Interior Music'' * 2002 – ''[[Sessions 2000]]'' * 2003 – ''Geometry of Love'' * 2007 – ''[[Téo & Téa]]'' * 2007 – ''[[Oxygene: New Master Recording|Oxygène: New Master Recording]]'' * 2015 – ''[[Electronica 1: The Time Machine]]'' * 2016 – ''[[Electronica 2: The Heart of Noise]]'' * 2016 – ''[[Oxygène 3]]'' * 2017 – ''[[Radiophonie Vol. 9]]'' * 2018 – ''[[Equinoxe Infinity]]'' * 2019 – ''Snapshots from EōN'' * 2020 – ''Radiophonie Vol. 10'' * 2021 – ''[[Amazônia (album)|Amazônia]]'' * 2022 - ''[[Oxymore]]'' === Soundtracks === Jarre composed for movies and also participated in documentaries.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0418882/ |title = Jean-Michel Jarre |publisher = IMDb |access-date = 9 October 2019 }}</ref> * 1979 – ''[[The Hamburg Syndrome]]'' * 1981 – ''[[Gallipoli (1981 film)|Gallipoli]]'' – ''Oxygene'' * 1984 – ''Le voyage d'Orphée'' (artistic collaborator) * 1990 – "Rendez Vous 2" were used in the background and also as the instrumental theme song of the Hindi movie [[Agneepath (1990 film)|Agneepath]], where Jarre was appropriately credited * 1986 – "Arpegiator" used uncredited in ''[[9½ Weeks]]'', and not included on the soundtrack album * 1997 – ''Jean-Michel Jarre: Oxygene in Moscow'' (himself) * 2002 – ''Jean-Michel Jarre: Aero'' (himself) * 2012 – ''[[Musique(s) électronique(s)]]'' : documentary of [[Jérémie Carboni]] (''Oxygene'' piece and himself as composer) ==See also== * [[List of ambient music artists]] * [[List of Jean-Michel Jarre compositions with multiple titles]] * [[List of Jean-Michel Jarre concerts]] == Explanatory notes == {{NoteFoot}} == References == === Citations === {{Reflist}} === Sources === {{refbegin}} * {{Citation | last = Duguay | first = Michael | title = Jean Michel Jarre | year = 2018 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=JJB5DwAAQBAJ | publisher = Books on Demand | isbn = 978-284-993-324-4}} * {{Citation | last1 = Kahn | first1 = Henry | last2 = Way | first2 = Michael | title = Target Entire World | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=xCMEAAAAMBAJ | year = 1977 | magazine = [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | access-date = 27 May 2009 }} * {{Citation | last = Hennessey | first = Mike | author-link=Mike Hennessey|title = The French Revolution | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=JyQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PT49 | magazine = [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | date = 12 August 1978 | access-date = 27 May 2009}} * {{Citation | last1 = Hughes | first1 = Alex | last2 = Reader | first2 = Keith | title = Encyclopedia of contemporary French culture | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=getDruRAaqgC | publisher = CRC Press | year = 2003 | isbn = 0-203-00330-6}} * {{Citation | last = Jarre | first = Jean-Michel | title = The Making of Water for Life, Erg Chebbi Sand Dunes, Sahara Desert, Merzouga, Morocco | publisher = Idesine | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-1-903527-23-8 }} * {{Citation | last = Jenkins | first = Mark | title = Analog synthesizers | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=c3EHIpo0DKwC | publisher = Elsevier | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-0-240-52072-8 }} * {{Citation | editor-last = Matthews | editor-first = Peter | title = Guinness Book of Records, 41st Edition 1995 | publisher = Guinness Publishing Ltd. | year = 1994 | isbn = 0-85112-736-3 | url = https://archive.org/details/newguinnessbooko00pete }} * {{Citation | last1 = Portico | last2 = Matlock | first2 = Glen | title = The Little Black Book of Setlists | publisher = Anova Books | year = 2008 | isbn = 978-1-906032-11-1}} * {{Citation | last = Remilleux | first = Jean-Louis | title = Jean-Michel Jarre | publisher = Futura Publications Ltd. | edition = English | year = 1988 | isbn = 0-7088-4263-1}} * {{Citation | last1 = Robertshaw | first1 = Nick | last2 = Jones | first2 = Peter | title = Midam Galas Delight | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6yMEAAAAMBAJ | magazine = [[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] | date = 11 April 1978 | access-date = 27 May 2009 }} * {{Citation | last1 = Sleeman | first1 = Elizabeth | last2 = Taylor | last3 = Francis | title = The International Who's Who 2004 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=neKm1X6YPY0C | publisher = Europa Publications ltd, Routledge | year = 2003 | isbn = 1-85743-217-7}} * {{Citation | last1 = Warwick | first1 = Neil | last2 = Brown | first2 = Tony | last3 = Kutner | first3 = Jon | title = The complete book of the British charts: singles & albums | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ib4MyAIpe3MC | year = 2004 | publisher = Omnibus Press | edition = 3rd | isbn = 1-84449-058-0 }} {{refend}} ==External links== {{Wikiquote}} {{Commons category|Jean-Michel Jarre}} <!-- To avoid repeating a revert war, please read [[:Talk:Jean-Michel Jarre#External links]] before adding to this section. --> * {{Official website|https://jeanmicheljarre.com}} * {{IMDb name|id=0418882}} {{Jean-Michel Jarre}} {{Gorillaz}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Jarre, Jean-Michel}} [[Category:1948 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Musicians from Lyon]] [[Category:French male composers]] [[Category:French electronic musicians]] [[Category:New-age synthesizer players]] [[Category:French keyboardists]] [[Category:Polydor Records artists]] [[Category:Epic Records artists]] [[Category:Rock keyboardists]] [[Category:Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur]] [[Category:Pupils of Karlheinz Stockhausen]] [[Category:French experimental musicians]] [[Category:UNESCO Goodwill Ambassadors]] [[Category:Ableton Live users]] [[Category:Sony Music Spain artists]]'