Examine individual changes

'{{short description|Company that manufactures a product, that is rebranded by another firm for sale}} {{one source|date=June 2012}} An '''original design manufacturer''' is a company that designs and manufactures a product that is eventually [[white label product|rebranded]] by another firm for sale. Such companies allow the firm that owns or licenses the [[brand]] to produce products while having to engage in neither the detailed engineering work required to specify a product for manufacturing nor the the organization and running of a [[factory]]. (The ODM products may be the brand owner's primary business or may be a supplement to another line of business, such as general retailing.) This is in contrast to using a [[contract manufacturer]], where the contracting company would design the product and supply those specifications to the manufacturer. Original design manufacturers have grown in size in recent years and, {{as of | 2015 | lc = on}}, many have the scale to handle production in-house for the products that are branded by the buying firm. This model is especially used in international trade, where a local original design manufacturer is used to produce goods for a foreign company that sees some advantage in the transaction, such as low labor-inputs, transport links or proximity to markets. Innovative and/or patented technologies developed/owned by the original design manufacturer are another cause for this product distribution model. original design manufacturer models are also used where local ownership-laws possibly prohibit direct ownership of assets by foreigners, allowing a local firm to produce for a brand company - either for the domestic market or for export. This type of [[business]] is part of "[[outsourcing]]". For example: [[Compal Electronics]] makes [[notebook computer]]s and [[computer display|monitors]], and operates as a mass producer for numerous brand companies, assisted by low labor-costs, low-cost transport, and the near-commodity nature of the physical inputs (in Compal's case, computer components). {{As of | 2011}}, Taiwanese original design manufacturers made ninety-four percent of all notebook computers.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/global-and-china-laptop-and-tablet-pc-industry-report-2011-2012-152524185.html |title= Global and China Laptop and Tablet PC Industry Report, 2011-2012 |access-date= 2012-09-10 }}</ref> Some companies such as Flex and Wistron are both original design manufacturers and providers of [[Electronics manufacturing services]]. Post-2016 Nokia phones ([[HMD Global|HMD]]) is an example of a firm which relies on original design manufacturers. In late 2019, it switched from relying on only one original design manufacturer to multiple original design manufacturers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nokiapoweruser.com/despite-sales-decline-nokia-phones-business-saw-its-1st-positive-earnings-ebit-in-q4-2019/|title=Despite sales decline, Nokia phones business saw its 1st positive earnings (EBIT) in Q4 2019|date=31 March 2020}}</ref> ==Intellectual property== Original design manufacturers create their own [[intellectual property]] and are very proactive in [[patent]]ing it. Most of their patents are filed in the US, China, and Taiwan. == See also == * [[White label product]] * [[Rebranding#Product rebranding|Product rebranding]] * [[Electronics manufacturing services]] * [[Original equipment manufacturer]] * [[Contract manufacturer]] ==References== {{reflist}} {{Major OEMs}} [[Category:Brands]] [[Category:Design companies]]'