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Page title without namespace (`page_title`)	'Tilla (deity)'
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Edit summary/reason (`summary`)	'Expansion of the article meant to bring it to the current standard of the Hurrian deities category, at long last the stub tag can be removed.'
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New content model (`new_content_model`)	'wikitext'
Old page wikitext, before the edit (`old_wikitext`)	''''Tilla''' or '''Tella'''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} (''<sup>[[Dingir\|d]]</sup>Til-la''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} or ''<sup>[[wiktionary:en:𒄞\|gud]]</sup>Ti-el-la''){{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=45}} was a [[Hurrian religion\|Hurrian]] god. Worship of Tilla is best attested in documents from [[Nuzi]], where he was the most common deity in Hurrian [[Theophoric name\|theophoric names]] next to the weather god [[Teshub]].{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}}{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=318}} He also had a temple in this area{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}} and an ''entu'' priestess{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} who resided in Kuruḫanni (modern [[Tell al-Fakhar]]).{{sfn\|Deiner\|1976\|p=34}} His cult city was Ulamme, also located in the kingdom of [[Arrapha]].{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} While he is commonly identified as a "bull god,"{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}} there is no indication that he was imagined in such a form from any sources other than ''Song of [[Ullikummi]]''.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} In the ''Song of Ullikummi'', part of the cycle of myths about [[Kumarbi]], Tilla is one of the two bulls who pull Teshub's chariot, the other one being Šerišu.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|p=6}} During preparations for battle with the eponymous giant, Teshub says Tilla's tail needs to be covered with gold.{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=91}} In other sources, such as offering lists, Šerišu is paired with Hurriš, not Tilla.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|pp=6-7}} Piotr Taracha considers the pair Tilla and Šerišu to belong to eastern Hurrian tradition, and Šerišu and Hurriš to western.{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=120}} Sources from Nuzi appear to consider Tilla an independent deity, rather than a divine draft animal of the weather god.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|p=6}} The theophoric name Ur-Tilla known from [[Puzrish-Dagan]] and [[Nippur]] refers to another deity, seemingly worshiped in [[Umma]], whose name is derived from the [[Sumerian language\|Sumerian]] word ''tillá'' (written AN.AŠ.AN or AN.DIŠ.AN), "street."{{sfn\|Krebernik\|2014\|p=45}} ==References== {{reflist}} ===Bibliography=== {{cite journal\|last=Deiner\|first=Karlheinz\|title=Materialien zu den Lokalpanthea des Königreiches Arrapḫe\|journal=Orientalia\|publisher=GBPress - Gregorian Biblical Press\|volume=45\|year=1976\|issn=00305367\|jstor=43074680\|pages=33–45\|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43074680\|access-date=2022-06-19}} {{cite book\|last=Haas\|first=Volkert\|title=Geschichte der hethitischen Religion\|publisher=Brill\|series=Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East\|year=2015\|isbn=978-90-04-29394-6\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EOh5DwAAQBAJ\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} {{citation\|last=Krebernik\|first=Manfred\|entry= Tilla A\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|year=2014\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11661\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} {{cite book\|last=Schwemer\|first=Daniel\|title=Die Wettergottgestalten Mesopotamiens und Nordsyriens im Zeitalter der Keilschriftkulturen: Materialien und Studien nach den schriftlichen Quellen\|url=https://www.academia.edu/16999070\|publisher=Harrassowitz\|publication-place=Wiesbaden\|year=2001\|isbn=978-3-447-04456-1\|oclc=48145544\|language=de}} {{cite journal\|last=Schwemer\|first=Daniel\|title=The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies: Part II\|url=https://www.academia.edu/14077557\|journal=Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions\|publisher=Brill\|volume=8\|issue=1\|year=2008\|issn=1569-2116\|doi=10.1163/156921208786182428\|pages=1–44}} {{cite book\|first=Piotr\|last=Taracha\|title=Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xTE7o8aKI7IC\|publisher=Harrassowitz\|year=2009\|isbn=978-3447058858\|access-date=2022-03-05}} *{{citation\|last=Wilhelm\|first=Gernot\|entry=Tilla B. Hethitisch, Hurritisch\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|year=2014\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11662\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} [[Category:Hurrian deities]] [[Category:Hurrian legendary creatures]] [[Category:Cattle deities]] {{MEast-myth-stub}}'
New page wikitext, after the edit (`new_wikitext`)	'{{short description\|Hurrian god}} {{Infobox deity \| type = Hurrian \| name = Tilla \| deity_of = Bull god \| cult_center = Ulamme, [[Nuzi]], [[Tell al-Fakhar\|Kuruḫanni]] }} '''Tilla''' or '''Tella'''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} (''<sup>[[Dingir\|d]]</sup>til-la''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} or ''<sup>[[wiktionary:en:𒄞\|gud]]</sup>ti-el-la''){{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=45}} was a [[Hurrian god]] assumed to have the form of a bull. He is best attested in texts from [[Nuzi]], where he commonly appears in theophoric names. His main cult center was Ulamme. ==Name and character== It has been proposed that Tilla's name was derived from a [[Hurrian language\|Hurrian]] word for bull, though this proposal remains unproven.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} He is nonetheless often characterized in modern literature as a "bull god".{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=69}}{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}}{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=318}} The only source which explicitly describes him as having the form of a bull is the ''Song of [[Ullikummi]]''.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} In this composition, which is considered to belong to the cycle of myths about [[Kumarbi]], Tilla is one of the two bulls who pull [[Teshub]]'s chariot, the other one being [[Šeri and Ḫurri\|Šerišu]].{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|p=6}} During preparations for battle with the eponymous being, the stone giant Ullikummi, Teshub says Tilla's tail needs to be covered with gold.{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=91}} In other sources, such as offering lists, Šerišu is paired with [[Šeri and Ḫurri\|Hurriš]], not Tilla.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|pp=6-7}} {{ill\|Piotr Taracha\|de}} considers the pair Tilla and Šerišu to belong to eastern Hurrian tradition, and Šerišu and Hurriš to western.{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=120}} However, {{ill\|Daniel Schwemer\|de}} notes that in the eastern Hurrian text corpus from [[Nuzi]] both Tilla and Hurriš are attested, and concludes that the exact relation between these two gods is unknown and it only can be determined that most likely neither was an [[epithet]] of the other.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} He proposes treating both of them, as well as Šerišu and [[Šarruma]], as members of a category of bull deities linked with Teshub.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=459}} He notes that bull-like deities were linked to weather gods across the entire [[ancient Near East]] starting in the beginning of the second millennium BCE, but the roots of this phenomenon are uncertain.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=478}} He also states Tilla might not have initially belonged to the circle of Teshub, as sources from Nuzi treat him as an independent deity rather than as a divine draft animal of the weather god.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} [[Volkert Haas]] suggested that in this area Tilla's character was comparable to that of Teshub based on the fact that in religious texts he could be listed alongside [[Ishtar]] (or [[Šauška]]) ''[[Epithets of Inanna#Epithets from the Nuzi texts\|bēlat dūri]]'' ("lady of the [[city wall]]"), which according to him might parallel the weather god's relation to Šauška.{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=318}} ==Worship== Tilla was worshiped in the kingdom of [[Arrapha]], which was located in [[northern Mesopotamia]] on the eastern border of the [[Mitanni Empire]].{{sfn\|Haas2015\|pp=317-318}} His cult center was Ulamme.{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} He was seemingly the head of the pantheon of this city.{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=169}} A temple dedicated to him was located in this area.{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}} He is best attested in documents from [[Nuzi]], where he is the most common deity in Hurrian [[theophoric name]]s next to [[Teshub]].{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} Examples include Irir(i)-Tilla ("Tilla is the one who helps"),{{sfn\|Richter\|2010\|p=507}} Kirip-Tilla ("Tilla frees"), Pašši-Tilla ("Tilla sent"),{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|1998\|p=123}} Šarri-Tilla ("Tilla is a divine king") and Urḫi-Tilla ("Tilla is reliable").{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|1998\|p=124}} It is possible that in some cases theophoric names in which a theonym is abbreviated as ''Te'', ''Tē'', ''Teya'' or ''Tēya'' also refer to Tilla, as opposed to Teshub or Tirwe.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=467}} References to an ''entu'' priestess connected to his cult are also known.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} She resided in Kuruḫanni (modern [[Tell al-Fakhar]]).{{sfn\|Deiner\|1976\|p=34}} In the corpus of texts from [[Kassite period\|Kassite]] [[Nippur]], which constitutes the main source of attestations of Hurrian personal names from Babylonia from this period,{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|1998\|p=122}} four examples invoking Tilla occur.{{sfn\|Bartelmus\|2017\|p=310}} However, theophoric name Ur-Tilla known from both this city and [[Puzrish-Dagan]] from the [[Ur III period]] refers to another deity, seemingly worshiped in [[Umma]], whose name is derived from the [[Sumerian language\|Sumerian]] word ''tillá'' (written AN.AŠ.AN or AN.DIŠ.AN), "street".{{sfn\|Krebernik\|2014\|p=45}} ==Uncertain attestations== Volkert Haas proposed that the name name of the Hurrian mountain Šenu-Tilla (or Šena-Tilla), which is mentioned in the texts pertaining to the ''{{ill\|ḫišuwa\|de\|išuwa-Fest}}'' festival, references Tilla and can be translated as "the two Tilla".{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=319}} This possibility is also accepted by {{ill\|Daniel Schwemer\|de}}, who notes that the mountain possibly named after Tilla is paired with another named Šēra, which he sees as a possible reflection of the pair Tilla and Šerišu attested in the ''Song of [[Ullikummi]]''.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} However, he express doubts about Haas' translation of the mountain's name, as there is no indication that Tilla was ever regarded as a dyad of deities.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|pp=483-484}} {{ill\|Gernot Wilhelm\|de}} considers the connection between the names of the mountain and the god uncertain.{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} A deity named ''<sup>[[dingir\|d]]</sup>ti-la'', who according to [[Wilfred G. Lambert]] might correspond to Tilla, is attested in a [[Mesopotamia]]n god list which equates him with a [[Mesopotamian deity]] whose name is not preserved, possibly [[Adad]] or [[Ea (god)\|Ea]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=169}} This text is only known from a single damaged tablet, VAT 10608 (KAR 339a), which was found in [[Assur]] and presently belongs to the collection of the [[Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=169}} It seemingly originated in the [[Middle Babylonian period]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=172}} Multiple of the deities listed in it are obscure or foreign, with examples including the primordial figure [[Lugaldukuga]], the [[Elam]]ite god [[Simut (god)\|Simut]] or Ḫillibe, presumably related to the homophonous word for god in an unknown language attested in a [[Lexical lists\|lexical list]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|pp=167-170}} ==References== {{reflist}} ===Bibliography=== {{cite book\|last=Bartelmus\|first=Alexa\|title=Karduniaš. Babylonia under the Kassites\|chapter=Die Götter der Kassitenzeit. Eine Analyse ihres Vorkommens in zeitgenössischen Textquellen\|publisher=De Gruyter\|date=2017\|pages=245–312 \|doi=10.1515/9781501503566-011\|isbn=9781501503566}} {{cite journal\|last=Deiner\|first=Karlheinz\|title=Materialien zu den Lokalpanthea des Königreiches Arrapḫe\|journal=Orientalia\|publisher=GBPress - Gregorian Biblical Press\|volume=45\|year=1976\|issn=00305367\|jstor=43074680\|pages=33–45\|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43074680\|access-date=2022-06-19}} {{cite book\|last=Haas\|first=Volkert\|title=Geschichte der hethitischen Religion\|publisher=Brill\|series=Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East\|year=2015\|isbn=978-90-04-29394-6\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EOh5DwAAQBAJ\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} {{citation\|last=Krebernik\|first=Manfred\|entry=Tilla A\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|year=2014\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11661\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} {{cite book\|last=Lambert\|first=Wilfred G.\|title=Studies presented to Robert D. Biggs, June 4, 2004\|chapter=An Exotic Babylonian God-List\|url=https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/publications/as/27-studies-presented-robert-d-biggs-june-4-2004-workshop-chicago-assyrian\|publisher=Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago\|publication-place=Chicago, Illinois\|year=2007\|isbn=978-1-885923-44-8\|oclc=67873765}} {{cite book\|last=Richter\|first=Thomas\|editor1-last=Becker\|editor1-first=Jörg\|editor2-last=Hempelmann\|editor2-first=Ralph\|editor3-last=Rehm\|editor3-first=Ellen\|title=Kulturlandschaft Syrien: Zentrum und Peripherie. Festschrift für Jan-Waalke Meyer\|chapter=Ein Hurriter wird geboren... und benannt\|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/42732078\|publisher=Ugarit-Verlag\|publication-place=Münster\|date=2010\|isbn=978-3-86835-034-0\|oclc=587015618\|language=de}} {{cite book\|last=Schwemer\|first=Daniel\|title=Die Wettergottgestalten Mesopotamiens und Nordsyriens im Zeitalter der Keilschriftkulturen: Materialien und Studien nach den schriftlichen Quellen\|url=https://www.academia.edu/16999070\|publisher=Harrassowitz\|publication-place=Wiesbaden\|year=2001\|isbn=978-3-447-04456-1\|oclc=48145544\|language=de}} {{cite journal\|last=Schwemer\|first=Daniel\|title=The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies: Part II\|url=https://www.academia.edu/14077557\|journal=Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions\|publisher=Brill\|volume=8\|issue=1\|year=2008\|issn=1569-2116\|doi=10.1163/156921208786182428\|pages=1–44}} {{cite book\|last=Taracha\|first=Piotr\|title=Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xTE7o8aKI7IC\|publisher=Harrassowitz\|year=2009\|isbn=978-3447058858\|access-date=2022-03-05}} {{citation\|last=Wilhelm\|first=Gernot\|entry=Name, Namengebung D. Bei den Hurritern\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#8211\|year=1998\|language=de\|access-date=2023-06-07}} *{{citation\|last=Wilhelm\|first=Gernot\|entry=Tilla B. Hethitisch, Hurritisch\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|year=2014\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11662\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} {{Hurrian mythology}} [[Category:Hurrian deities]] [[Category:Hurrian legendary creatures]] [[Category:Cattle deities]]'
Unified diff of changes made by edit (`edit_diff`)	'@@ -1,23 +1,44 @@ -'''Tilla''' or '''Tella'''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} (''<sup>[[Dingir\|d]]</sup>Til-la''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} or ''<sup>[[wiktionary:en:𒄞\|gud]]</sup>Ti-el-la''){{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=45}} was a [[Hurrian religion\|Hurrian]] god. +{{short description\|Hurrian god}} +{{Infobox deity +\| type = Hurrian +\| name = Tilla +\| deity_of = Bull god +\| cult_center = Ulamme, [[Nuzi]], [[Tell al-Fakhar\|Kuruḫanni]] +}} +'''Tilla''' or '''Tella'''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} (''<sup>[[Dingir\|d]]</sup>til-la''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} or ''<sup>[[wiktionary:en:𒄞\|gud]]</sup>ti-el-la''){{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=45}} was a [[Hurrian god]] assumed to have the form of a bull. He is best attested in texts from [[Nuzi]], where he commonly appears in theophoric names. His main cult center was Ulamme. -Worship of Tilla is best attested in documents from [[Nuzi]], where he was the most common deity in Hurrian [[Theophoric name\|theophoric names]] next to the weather god [[Teshub]].{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}}{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=318}} He also had a temple in this area{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}} and an ''entu'' priestess{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} who resided in Kuruḫanni (modern [[Tell al-Fakhar]]).{{sfn\|Deiner\|1976\|p=34}} His cult city was Ulamme, also located in the kingdom of [[Arrapha]].{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} While he is commonly identified as a "bull god,"{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}} there is no indication that he was imagined in such a form from any sources other than ''Song of [[Ullikummi]]''.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} +==Name and character== +It has been proposed that Tilla's name was derived from a [[Hurrian language\|Hurrian]] word for bull, though this proposal remains unproven.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} He is nonetheless often characterized in modern literature as a "bull god".{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=69}}{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}}{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=318}} The only source which explicitly describes him as having the form of a bull is the ''Song of [[Ullikummi]]''.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} In this composition, which is considered to belong to the cycle of myths about [[Kumarbi]], Tilla is one of the two bulls who pull [[Teshub]]'s chariot, the other one being [[Šeri and Ḫurri\|Šerišu]].{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|p=6}} During preparations for battle with the eponymous being, the stone giant Ullikummi, Teshub says Tilla's tail needs to be covered with gold.{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=91}} -In the ''Song of Ullikummi'', part of the cycle of myths about [[Kumarbi]], Tilla is one of the two bulls who pull Teshub's chariot, the other one being Šerišu.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|p=6}} During preparations for battle with the eponymous giant, Teshub says Tilla's tail needs to be covered with gold.{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=91}} In other sources, such as offering lists, Šerišu is paired with Hurriš, not Tilla.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|pp=6-7}} Piotr Taracha considers the pair Tilla and Šerišu to belong to eastern Hurrian tradition, and Šerišu and Hurriš to western.{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=120}} Sources from Nuzi appear to consider Tilla an independent deity, rather than a divine draft animal of the weather god.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|p=6}} +In other sources, such as offering lists, Šerišu is paired with [[Šeri and Ḫurri\|Hurriš]], not Tilla.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|pp=6-7}} {{ill\|Piotr Taracha\|de}} considers the pair Tilla and Šerišu to belong to eastern Hurrian tradition, and Šerišu and Hurriš to western.{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=120}} However, {{ill\|Daniel Schwemer\|de}} notes that in the eastern Hurrian text corpus from [[Nuzi]] both Tilla and Hurriš are attested, and concludes that the exact relation between these two gods is unknown and it only can be determined that most likely neither was an [[epithet]] of the other.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} He proposes treating both of them, as well as Šerišu and [[Šarruma]], as members of a category of bull deities linked with Teshub.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=459}} He notes that bull-like deities were linked to weather gods across the entire [[ancient Near East]] starting in the beginning of the second millennium BCE, but the roots of this phenomenon are uncertain.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=478}} He also states Tilla might not have initially belonged to the circle of Teshub, as sources from Nuzi treat him as an independent deity rather than as a divine draft animal of the weather god.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} [[Volkert Haas]] suggested that in this area Tilla's character was comparable to that of Teshub based on the fact that in religious texts he could be listed alongside [[Ishtar]] (or [[Šauška]]) ''[[Epithets of Inanna#Epithets from the Nuzi texts\|bēlat dūri]]'' ("lady of the [[city wall]]"), which according to him might parallel the weather god's relation to Šauška.{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=318}} -The theophoric name Ur-Tilla known from [[Puzrish-Dagan]] and [[Nippur]] refers to another deity, seemingly worshiped in [[Umma]], whose name is derived from the [[Sumerian language\|Sumerian]] word ''tillá'' (written AN.AŠ.AN or AN.DIŠ.AN), "street."{{sfn\|Krebernik\|2014\|p=45}} +==Worship== +Tilla was worshiped in the kingdom of [[Arrapha]], which was located in [[northern Mesopotamia]] on the eastern border of the [[Mitanni Empire]].{{sfn\|Haas2015\|pp=317-318}} His cult center was Ulamme.{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} He was seemingly the head of the pantheon of this city.{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=169}} A temple dedicated to him was located in this area.{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}} He is best attested in documents from [[Nuzi]], where he is the most common deity in Hurrian [[theophoric name]]s next to [[Teshub]].{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} Examples include Irir(i)-Tilla ("Tilla is the one who helps"),{{sfn\|Richter\|2010\|p=507}} Kirip-Tilla ("Tilla frees"), Pašši-Tilla ("Tilla sent"),{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|1998\|p=123}} Šarri-Tilla ("Tilla is a divine king") and Urḫi-Tilla ("Tilla is reliable").{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|1998\|p=124}} It is possible that in some cases theophoric names in which a theonym is abbreviated as ''Te'', ''Tē'', ''Teya'' or ''Tēya'' also refer to Tilla, as opposed to Teshub or Tirwe.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=467}} References to an ''entu'' priestess connected to his cult are also known.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} She resided in Kuruḫanni (modern [[Tell al-Fakhar]]).{{sfn\|Deiner\|1976\|p=34}} + +In the corpus of texts from [[Kassite period\|Kassite]] [[Nippur]], which constitutes the main source of attestations of Hurrian personal names from Babylonia from this period,{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|1998\|p=122}} four examples invoking Tilla occur.{{sfn\|Bartelmus\|2017\|p=310}} However, theophoric name Ur-Tilla known from both this city and [[Puzrish-Dagan]] from the [[Ur III period]] refers to another deity, seemingly worshiped in [[Umma]], whose name is derived from the [[Sumerian language\|Sumerian]] word ''tillá'' (written AN.AŠ.AN or AN.DIŠ.AN), "street".{{sfn\|Krebernik\|2014\|p=45}} + +==Uncertain attestations== +Volkert Haas proposed that the name name of the Hurrian mountain Šenu-Tilla (or Šena-Tilla), which is mentioned in the texts pertaining to the ''{{ill\|ḫišuwa\|de\|išuwa-Fest}}'' festival, references Tilla and can be translated as "the two Tilla".{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=319}} This possibility is also accepted by {{ill\|Daniel Schwemer\|de}}, who notes that the mountain possibly named after Tilla is paired with another named Šēra, which he sees as a possible reflection of the pair Tilla and Šerišu attested in the ''Song of [[Ullikummi]]''.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} However, he express doubts about Haas' translation of the mountain's name, as there is no indication that Tilla was ever regarded as a dyad of deities.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|pp=483-484}} {{ill\|Gernot Wilhelm\|de}} considers the connection between the names of the mountain and the god uncertain.{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} + +A deity named ''<sup>[[dingir\|d]]</sup>ti-la'', who according to [[Wilfred G. Lambert]] might correspond to Tilla, is attested in a [[Mesopotamia]]n god list which equates him with a [[Mesopotamian deity]] whose name is not preserved, possibly [[Adad]] or [[Ea (god)\|Ea]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=169}} This text is only known from a single damaged tablet, VAT 10608 (KAR 339a), which was found in [[Assur]] and presently belongs to the collection of the [[Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=169}} It seemingly originated in the [[Middle Babylonian period]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=172}} Multiple of the deities listed in it are obscure or foreign, with examples including the primordial figure [[Lugaldukuga]], the [[Elam]]ite god [[Simut (god)\|Simut]] or Ḫillibe, presumably related to the homophonous word for god in an unknown language attested in a [[Lexical lists\|lexical list]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|pp=167-170}} ==References== {{reflist}} ===Bibliography=== +{{cite book\|last=Bartelmus\|first=Alexa\|title=Karduniaš. Babylonia under the Kassites\|chapter=Die Götter der Kassitenzeit. Eine Analyse ihres Vorkommens in zeitgenössischen Textquellen\|publisher=De Gruyter\|date=2017\|pages=245–312 \|doi=10.1515/9781501503566-011\|isbn=9781501503566}} {{cite journal\|last=Deiner\|first=Karlheinz\|title=Materialien zu den Lokalpanthea des Königreiches Arrapḫe\|journal=Orientalia\|publisher=GBPress - Gregorian Biblical Press\|volume=45\|year=1976\|issn=00305367\|jstor=43074680\|pages=33–45\|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/43074680\|access-date=2022-06-19}} {{cite book\|last=Haas\|first=Volkert\|title=Geschichte der hethitischen Religion\|publisher=Brill\|series=Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East\|year=2015\|isbn=978-90-04-29394-6\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EOh5DwAAQBAJ\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} -{{citation\|last=Krebernik\|first=Manfred\|entry= Tilla A\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|year=2014\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11661\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} +{{citation\|last=Krebernik\|first=Manfred\|entry=Tilla A\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|year=2014\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11661\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} +{{cite book\|last=Lambert\|first=Wilfred G.\|title=Studies presented to Robert D. Biggs, June 4, 2004\|chapter=An Exotic Babylonian God-List\|url=https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/publications/as/27-studies-presented-robert-d-biggs-june-4-2004-workshop-chicago-assyrian\|publisher=Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago\|publication-place=Chicago, Illinois\|year=2007\|isbn=978-1-885923-44-8\|oclc=67873765}} +{{cite book\|last=Richter\|first=Thomas\|editor1-last=Becker\|editor1-first=Jörg\|editor2-last=Hempelmann\|editor2-first=Ralph\|editor3-last=Rehm\|editor3-first=Ellen\|title=Kulturlandschaft Syrien: Zentrum und Peripherie. Festschrift für Jan-Waalke Meyer\|chapter=Ein Hurriter wird geboren... und benannt\|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/42732078\|publisher=Ugarit-Verlag\|publication-place=Münster\|date=2010\|isbn=978-3-86835-034-0\|oclc=587015618\|language=de}} {{cite book\|last=Schwemer\|first=Daniel\|title=Die Wettergottgestalten Mesopotamiens und Nordsyriens im Zeitalter der Keilschriftkulturen: Materialien und Studien nach den schriftlichen Quellen\|url=https://www.academia.edu/16999070\|publisher=Harrassowitz\|publication-place=Wiesbaden\|year=2001\|isbn=978-3-447-04456-1\|oclc=48145544\|language=de}} {{cite journal\|last=Schwemer\|first=Daniel\|title=The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies: Part II\|url=https://www.academia.edu/14077557\|journal=Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions\|publisher=Brill\|volume=8\|issue=1\|year=2008\|issn=1569-2116\|doi=10.1163/156921208786182428\|pages=1–44}} -{{cite book\|first=Piotr\|last=Taracha\|title=Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xTE7o8aKI7IC\|publisher=Harrassowitz\|year=2009\|isbn=978-3447058858\|access-date=2022-03-05}} +{{cite book\|last=Taracha\|first=Piotr\|title=Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xTE7o8aKI7IC\|publisher=Harrassowitz\|year=2009\|isbn=978-3447058858\|access-date=2022-03-05}} +{{citation\|last=Wilhelm\|first=Gernot\|entry=Name, Namengebung D. Bei den Hurritern\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#8211\|year=1998\|language=de\|access-date=2023-06-07}} *{{citation\|last=Wilhelm\|first=Gernot\|entry=Tilla B. Hethitisch, Hurritisch\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|year=2014\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11662\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}} + +{{Hurrian mythology}} [[Category:Hurrian deities]] [[Category:Hurrian legendary creatures]] [[Category:Cattle deities]] -{{MEast-myth-stub}} '
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Lines added in edit (`added_lines`)	[ 0 => '{{short description\|Hurrian god}}', 1 => '{{Infobox deity', 2 => '\| type = Hurrian', 3 => '\| name = Tilla', 4 => '\| deity_of = Bull god', 5 => '\| cult_center = Ulamme, [[Nuzi]], [[Tell al-Fakhar\|Kuruḫanni]] ', 6 => '}}', 7 => ''''Tilla''' or '''Tella'''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} (''<sup>[[Dingir\|d]]</sup>til-la''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} or ''<sup>[[wiktionary:en:𒄞\|gud]]</sup>ti-el-la''){{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=45}} was a [[Hurrian god]] assumed to have the form of a bull. He is best attested in texts from [[Nuzi]], where he commonly appears in theophoric names. His main cult center was Ulamme. ', 8 => '==Name and character==', 9 => 'It has been proposed that Tilla's name was derived from a [[Hurrian language\|Hurrian]] word for bull, though this proposal remains unproven.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} He is nonetheless often characterized in modern literature as a "bull god".{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=69}}{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}}{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=318}} The only source which explicitly describes him as having the form of a bull is the ''Song of [[Ullikummi]]''.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} In this composition, which is considered to belong to the cycle of myths about [[Kumarbi]], Tilla is one of the two bulls who pull [[Teshub]]'s chariot, the other one being [[Šeri and Ḫurri\|Šerišu]].{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|p=6}} During preparations for battle with the eponymous being, the stone giant Ullikummi, Teshub says Tilla's tail needs to be covered with gold.{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=91}} ', 10 => 'In other sources, such as offering lists, Šerišu is paired with [[Šeri and Ḫurri\|Hurriš]], not Tilla.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|pp=6-7}} {{ill\|Piotr Taracha\|de}} considers the pair Tilla and Šerišu to belong to eastern Hurrian tradition, and Šerišu and Hurriš to western.{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=120}} However, {{ill\|Daniel Schwemer\|de}} notes that in the eastern Hurrian text corpus from [[Nuzi]] both Tilla and Hurriš are attested, and concludes that the exact relation between these two gods is unknown and it only can be determined that most likely neither was an [[epithet]] of the other.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} He proposes treating both of them, as well as Šerišu and [[Šarruma]], as members of a category of bull deities linked with Teshub.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=459}} He notes that bull-like deities were linked to weather gods across the entire [[ancient Near East]] starting in the beginning of the second millennium BCE, but the roots of this phenomenon are uncertain.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=478}} He also states Tilla might not have initially belonged to the circle of Teshub, as sources from Nuzi treat him as an independent deity rather than as a divine draft animal of the weather god.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} [[Volkert Haas]] suggested that in this area Tilla's character was comparable to that of Teshub based on the fact that in religious texts he could be listed alongside [[Ishtar]] (or [[Šauška]]) ''[[Epithets of Inanna#Epithets from the Nuzi texts\|bēlat dūri]]'' ("lady of the [[city wall]]"), which according to him might parallel the weather god's relation to Šauška.{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=318}}', 11 => '==Worship==', 12 => 'Tilla was worshiped in the kingdom of [[Arrapha]], which was located in [[northern Mesopotamia]] on the eastern border of the [[Mitanni Empire]].{{sfn\|Haas2015\|pp=317-318}} His cult center was Ulamme.{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} He was seemingly the head of the pantheon of this city.{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=169}} A temple dedicated to him was located in this area.{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}} He is best attested in documents from [[Nuzi]], where he is the most common deity in Hurrian [[theophoric name]]s next to [[Teshub]].{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} Examples include Irir(i)-Tilla ("Tilla is the one who helps"),{{sfn\|Richter\|2010\|p=507}} Kirip-Tilla ("Tilla frees"), Pašši-Tilla ("Tilla sent"),{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|1998\|p=123}} Šarri-Tilla ("Tilla is a divine king") and Urḫi-Tilla ("Tilla is reliable").{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|1998\|p=124}} It is possible that in some cases theophoric names in which a theonym is abbreviated as ''Te'', ''Tē'', ''Teya'' or ''Tēya'' also refer to Tilla, as opposed to Teshub or Tirwe.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=467}} References to an ''entu'' priestess connected to his cult are also known.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} She resided in Kuruḫanni (modern [[Tell al-Fakhar]]).{{sfn\|Deiner\|1976\|p=34}} ', 13 => '', 14 => 'In the corpus of texts from [[Kassite period\|Kassite]] [[Nippur]], which constitutes the main source of attestations of Hurrian personal names from Babylonia from this period,{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|1998\|p=122}} four examples invoking Tilla occur.{{sfn\|Bartelmus\|2017\|p=310}} However, theophoric name Ur-Tilla known from both this city and [[Puzrish-Dagan]] from the [[Ur III period]] refers to another deity, seemingly worshiped in [[Umma]], whose name is derived from the [[Sumerian language\|Sumerian]] word ''tillá'' (written AN.AŠ.AN or AN.DIŠ.AN), "street".{{sfn\|Krebernik\|2014\|p=45}}', 15 => '', 16 => '==Uncertain attestations==', 17 => 'Volkert Haas proposed that the name name of the Hurrian mountain Šenu-Tilla (or Šena-Tilla), which is mentioned in the texts pertaining to the ''{{ill\|ḫišuwa\|de\|išuwa-Fest}}'' festival, references Tilla and can be translated as "the two Tilla".{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=319}} This possibility is also accepted by {{ill\|Daniel Schwemer\|de}}, who notes that the mountain possibly named after Tilla is paired with another named Šēra, which he sees as a possible reflection of the pair Tilla and Šerišu attested in the ''Song of [[Ullikummi]]''.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} However, he express doubts about Haas' translation of the mountain's name, as there is no indication that Tilla was ever regarded as a dyad of deities.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|pp=483-484}} {{ill\|Gernot Wilhelm\|de}} considers the connection between the names of the mountain and the god uncertain.{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}}', 18 => '', 19 => 'A deity named ''<sup>[[dingir\|d]]</sup>ti-la'', who according to [[Wilfred G. Lambert]] might correspond to Tilla, is attested in a [[Mesopotamia]]n god list which equates him with a [[Mesopotamian deity]] whose name is not preserved, possibly [[Adad]] or [[Ea (god)\|Ea]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=169}} This text is only known from a single damaged tablet, VAT 10608 (KAR 339a), which was found in [[Assur]] and presently belongs to the collection of the [[Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=169}} It seemingly originated in the [[Middle Babylonian period]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|p=172}} Multiple of the deities listed in it are obscure or foreign, with examples including the primordial figure [[Lugaldukuga]], the [[Elam]]ite god [[Simut (god)\|Simut]] or Ḫillibe, presumably related to the homophonous word for god in an unknown language attested in a [[Lexical lists\|lexical list]].{{sfn\|Lambert\|2004\|pp=167-170}} ', 20 => '{{cite book\|last=Bartelmus\|first=Alexa\|title=Karduniaš. Babylonia under the Kassites\|chapter=Die Götter der Kassitenzeit. Eine Analyse ihres Vorkommens in zeitgenössischen Textquellen\|publisher=De Gruyter\|date=2017\|pages=245–312 \|doi=10.1515/9781501503566-011\|isbn=9781501503566}}', 21 => '{{citation\|last=Krebernik\|first=Manfred\|entry=Tilla A\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|year=2014\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11661\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}}', 22 => '{{cite book\|last=Lambert\|first=Wilfred G.\|title=Studies presented to Robert D. Biggs, June 4, 2004\|chapter=An Exotic Babylonian God-List\|url=https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/publications/as/27-studies-presented-robert-d-biggs-june-4-2004-workshop-chicago-assyrian\|publisher=Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago\|publication-place=Chicago, Illinois\|year=2007\|isbn=978-1-885923-44-8\|oclc=67873765}}', 23 => '{{cite book\|last=Richter\|first=Thomas\|editor1-last=Becker\|editor1-first=Jörg\|editor2-last=Hempelmann\|editor2-first=Ralph\|editor3-last=Rehm\|editor3-first=Ellen\|title=Kulturlandschaft Syrien: Zentrum und Peripherie. Festschrift für Jan-Waalke Meyer\|chapter=Ein Hurriter wird geboren... und benannt\|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/42732078\|publisher=Ugarit-Verlag\|publication-place=Münster\|date=2010\|isbn=978-3-86835-034-0\|oclc=587015618\|language=de}}', 24 => '{{cite book\|last=Taracha\|first=Piotr\|title=Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xTE7o8aKI7IC\|publisher=Harrassowitz\|year=2009\|isbn=978-3447058858\|access-date=2022-03-05}}', 25 => '{{citation\|last=Wilhelm\|first=Gernot\|entry=Name, Namengebung D. Bei den Hurritern\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#8211\|year=1998\|language=de\|access-date=2023-06-07}}', 26 => '', 27 => '{{Hurrian mythology}}' ]
Lines removed in edit (`removed_lines`)	[ 0 => ''''Tilla''' or '''Tella'''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} (''<sup>[[Dingir\|d]]</sup>Til-la''{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} or ''<sup>[[wiktionary:en:𒄞\|gud]]</sup>Ti-el-la''){{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=45}} was a [[Hurrian religion\|Hurrian]] god.', 1 => 'Worship of Tilla is best attested in documents from [[Nuzi]], where he was the most common deity in Hurrian [[Theophoric name\|theophoric names]] next to the weather god [[Teshub]].{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}}{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=318}} He also had a temple in this area{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}} and an ''entu'' priestess{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}} who resided in Kuruḫanni (modern [[Tell al-Fakhar]]).{{sfn\|Deiner\|1976\|p=34}} His cult city was Ulamme, also located in the kingdom of [[Arrapha]].{{sfn\|Wilhelm\|2014\|p=46}} While he is commonly identified as a "bull god,"{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=67}} there is no indication that he was imagined in such a form from any sources other than ''Song of [[Ullikummi]]''.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2001\|p=483}}', 2 => 'In the ''Song of Ullikummi'', part of the cycle of myths about [[Kumarbi]], Tilla is one of the two bulls who pull Teshub's chariot, the other one being Šerišu.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|p=6}} During preparations for battle with the eponymous giant, Teshub says Tilla's tail needs to be covered with gold.{{sfn\|Haas\|2015\|p=91}} In other sources, such as offering lists, Šerišu is paired with Hurriš, not Tilla.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|pp=6-7}} Piotr Taracha considers the pair Tilla and Šerišu to belong to eastern Hurrian tradition, and Šerišu and Hurriš to western.{{sfn\|Taracha\|2009\|p=120}} Sources from Nuzi appear to consider Tilla an independent deity, rather than a divine draft animal of the weather god.{{sfn\|Schwemer\|2008\|p=6}} ', 3 => 'The theophoric name Ur-Tilla known from [[Puzrish-Dagan]] and [[Nippur]] refers to another deity, seemingly worshiped in [[Umma]], whose name is derived from the [[Sumerian language\|Sumerian]] word ''tillá'' (written AN.AŠ.AN or AN.DIŠ.AN), "street."{{sfn\|Krebernik\|2014\|p=45}}', 4 => '{{citation\|last=Krebernik\|first=Manfred\|entry= Tilla A\|encyclopedia=Reallexikon der Assyriologie\|year=2014\|entry-url=http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11661\|language=de\|access-date=2022-03-05}}', 5 => '{{cite book\|first=Piotr\|last=Taracha\|title=Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xTE7o8aKI7IC\|publisher=Harrassowitz\|year=2009\|isbn=978-3447058858\|access-date=2022-03-05}}', 6 => '{{MEast-myth-stub}}' ]
Parsed HTML source of the new revision (`new_html`)	'<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Hurrian god</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066479718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #4b539c">Tilla</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="font-size: 110%;">Bull god</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major cult center</th><td class="infobox-data">Ulamme, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nuzi" title="Nuzi">Nuzi</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tell_al-Fakhar" title="Tell al-Fakhar">Kuruḫanni</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tilla</b> or <b>Tella</b><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483-1">[1]</a></sup> (<i><sup><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dingir" title="Dingir">d</a></sup>til-la</i><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483-1">[1]</a></sup> or <i><sup><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/en:%F0%92%84%9E" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:en:𒄞">gud</a></sup>ti-el-la</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201445_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201445-2">[2]</a></sup> was a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurrian_god" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurrian god">Hurrian god</a> assumed to have the form of a bull. He is best attested in texts from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nuzi" title="Nuzi">Nuzi</a>, where he commonly appears in theophoric names. His main cult center was Ulamme. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Name_and_character"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Name and character</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Worship"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Worship</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Uncertain_attestations"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Uncertain attestations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Name_and_character">Name and character</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tilla_(deity)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name and character">edit source</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>It has been proposed that Tilla's name was derived from a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurrian_language" title="Hurrian language">Hurrian</a> word for bull, though this proposal remains unproven.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483-1">[1]</a></sup> He is nonetheless often characterized in modern literature as a "bull god".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer200169_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer200169-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaracha200967_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaracha200967-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas2015318_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaas2015318-5">[5]</a></sup> The only source which explicitly describes him as having the form of a bull is the <i>Song of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ullikummi" title="Ullikummi">Ullikummi</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483-1">[1]</a></sup> In this composition, which is considered to belong to the cycle of myths about <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kumarbi" title="Kumarbi">Kumarbi</a>, Tilla is one of the two bulls who pull <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Teshub" title="Teshub">Teshub</a>'s chariot, the other one being <a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0eri_and_%E1%B8%AAurri" title="Šeri and Ḫurri">Šerišu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer20086_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer20086-6">[6]</a></sup> During preparations for battle with the eponymous being, the stone giant Ullikummi, Teshub says Tilla's tail needs to be covered with gold.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas201591_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaas201591-7">[7]</a></sup> </p><p>In other sources, such as offering lists, Šerišu is paired with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0eri_and_%E1%B8%AAurri" title="Šeri and Ḫurri">Hurriš</a>, not Tilla.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer20086–7_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer20086–7-8">[8]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Piotr_Taracha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piotr Taracha (page does not exist)">Piotr Taracha</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piotr_Taracha" class="extiw" title="de:Piotr Taracha">de</a>]</span> considers the pair Tilla and Šerišu to belong to eastern Hurrian tradition, and Šerišu and Hurriš to western.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaracha2009120_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaracha2009120-9">[9]</a></sup> However, <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Schwemer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Schwemer (page does not exist)">Daniel Schwemer</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Schwemer" class="extiw" title="de:Daniel Schwemer">de</a>]</span> notes that in the eastern Hurrian text corpus from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nuzi" title="Nuzi">Nuzi</a> both Tilla and Hurriš are attested, and concludes that the exact relation between these two gods is unknown and it only can be determined that most likely neither was an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Epithet" title="Epithet">epithet</a> of the other.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483-1">[1]</a></sup> He proposes treating both of them, as well as Šerišu and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0arruma" title="Šarruma">Šarruma</a>, as members of a category of bull deities linked with Teshub.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001459_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001459-10">[10]</a></sup> He notes that bull-like deities were linked to weather gods across the entire <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ancient_Near_East" title="Ancient Near East">ancient Near East</a> starting in the beginning of the second millennium BCE, but the roots of this phenomenon are uncertain.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001478_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001478-11">[11]</a></sup> He also states Tilla might not have initially belonged to the circle of Teshub, as sources from Nuzi treat him as an independent deity rather than as a divine draft animal of the weather god.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483-1">[1]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Volkert_Haas" title="Volkert Haas">Volkert Haas</a> suggested that in this area Tilla's character was comparable to that of Teshub based on the fact that in religious texts he could be listed alongside <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ishtar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ishtar">Ishtar</a> (or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0au%C5%A1ka" title="Šauška">Šauška</a>) <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Epithets_of_Inanna#Epithets_from_the_Nuzi_texts" title="Epithets of Inanna">bēlat dūri</a></i> ("lady of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/City_wall" class="mw-redirect" title="City wall">city wall</a>"), which according to him might parallel the weather god's relation to Šauška.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas2015318_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaas2015318-5">[5]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Worship">Worship</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tilla_(deity)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Worship">edit source</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Tilla was worshiped in the kingdom of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arrapha" title="Arrapha">Arrapha</a>, which was located in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Northern_Mesopotamia" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Mesopotamia">northern Mesopotamia</a> on the eastern border of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mitanni_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitanni Empire">Mitanni Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas2015317–318_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaas2015317–318-12">[12]</a></sup> His cult center was Ulamme.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446-13">[13]</a></sup> He was seemingly the head of the pantheon of this city.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004169_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert2004169-14">[14]</a></sup> A temple dedicated to him was located in this area.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaracha200967_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaracha200967-4">[4]</a></sup> He is best attested in documents from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nuzi" title="Nuzi">Nuzi</a>, where he is the most common deity in Hurrian <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Theophoric_name" title="Theophoric name">theophoric names</a> next to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Teshub" title="Teshub">Teshub</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446-13">[13]</a></sup> Examples include Irir(i)-Tilla ("Tilla is the one who helps"),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichter2010507_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERichter2010507-15">[15]</a></sup> Kirip-Tilla ("Tilla frees"), Pašši-Tilla ("Tilla sent"),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998123_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998123-16">[16]</a></sup> Šarri-Tilla ("Tilla is a divine king") and Urḫi-Tilla ("Tilla is reliable").<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998124_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998124-17">[17]</a></sup> It is possible that in some cases theophoric names in which a theonym is abbreviated as <i>Te</i>, <i>Tē</i>, <i>Teya</i> or <i>Tēya</i> also refer to Tilla, as opposed to Teshub or Tirwe.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001467_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001467-18">[18]</a></sup> References to an <i>entu</i> priestess connected to his cult are also known.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483-1">[1]</a></sup> She resided in Kuruḫanni (modern <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tell_al-Fakhar" title="Tell al-Fakhar">Tell al-Fakhar</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeiner197634_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeiner197634-19">[19]</a></sup> </p><p>In the corpus of texts from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kassite_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Kassite period">Kassite</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nippur" title="Nippur">Nippur</a>, which constitutes the main source of attestations of Hurrian personal names from Babylonia from this period,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998122_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998122-20">[20]</a></sup> four examples invoking Tilla occur.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBartelmus2017310_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBartelmus2017310-21">[21]</a></sup> However, theophoric name Ur-Tilla known from both this city and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Puzrish-Dagan" title="Puzrish-Dagan">Puzrish-Dagan</a> from the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ur_III_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Ur III period">Ur III period</a> refers to another deity, seemingly worshiped in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Umma" title="Umma">Umma</a>, whose name is derived from the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sumerian_language" title="Sumerian language">Sumerian</a> word <i>tillá</i> (written AN.AŠ.AN or AN.DIŠ.AN), "street".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKrebernik201445_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKrebernik201445-22">[22]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Uncertain_attestations">Uncertain attestations</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tilla_(deity)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Uncertain attestations">edit source</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Volkert Haas proposed that the name name of the Hurrian mountain Šenu-Tilla (or Šena-Tilla), which is mentioned in the texts pertaining to the <i><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=%E1%B8%AAi%C5%A1uwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ḫišuwa (page does not exist)">ḫišuwa</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/i%C5%A1uwa-Fest" class="extiw" title="de:išuwa-Fest">de</a>]</span></i> festival, references Tilla and can be translated as "the two Tilla".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas2015319_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaas2015319-23">[23]</a></sup> This possibility is also accepted by <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Schwemer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Schwemer (page does not exist)">Daniel Schwemer</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Schwemer" class="extiw" title="de:Daniel Schwemer">de</a>]</span>, who notes that the mountain possibly named after Tilla is paired with another named Šēra, which he sees as a possible reflection of the pair Tilla and Šerišu attested in the <i>Song of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ullikummi" title="Ullikummi">Ullikummi</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483-1">[1]</a></sup> However, he express doubts about Haas' translation of the mountain's name, as there is no indication that Tilla was ever regarded as a dyad of deities.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483–484_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483–484-24">[24]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gernot_Wilhelm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gernot Wilhelm (page does not exist)">Gernot Wilhelm</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gernot_Wilhelm" class="extiw" title="de:Gernot Wilhelm">de</a>]</span> considers the connection between the names of the mountain and the god uncertain.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446-13">[13]</a></sup> </p><p>A deity named <i><sup><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dingir" title="Dingir">d</a></sup>ti-la</i>, who according to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wilfred_G._Lambert" title="Wilfred G. Lambert">Wilfred G. Lambert</a> might correspond to Tilla, is attested in a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamian</a> god list which equates him with a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mesopotamian_deity" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesopotamian deity">Mesopotamian deity</a> whose name is not preserved, possibly <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adad" class="mw-redirect" title="Adad">Adad</a> or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ea_(god)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ea (god)">Ea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004169_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert2004169-14">[14]</a></sup> This text is only known from a single damaged tablet, VAT 10608 (KAR 339a), which was found in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Assur" title="Assur">Assur</a> and presently belongs to the collection of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vorderasiatisches_Museum_Berlin" title="Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin">Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004169_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert2004169-14">[14]</a></sup> It seemingly originated in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Middle_Babylonian_period" title="Middle Babylonian period">Middle Babylonian period</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004172_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert2004172-25">[25]</a></sup> Multiple of the deities listed in it are obscure or foreign, with examples including the primordial figure <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lugaldukuga" title="Lugaldukuga">Lugaldukuga</a>, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">Elamite</a> god <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Simut_(god)" title="Simut (god)">Simut</a> or Ḫillibe, presumably related to the homophonous word for god in an unknown language attested in a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lexical_lists" title="Lexical lists">lexical list</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004167–170_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert2004167–170-26">[26]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tilla_(deity)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References">edit source</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwemer2001">Schwemer 2001</a>, p. 483.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201445-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201445_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilhelm2014">Wilhelm 2014</a>, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer200169-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer200169_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwemer2001">Schwemer 2001</a>, p. 69.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETaracha200967-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaracha200967_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaracha200967_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaracha2009">Taracha 2009</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaas2015318-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas2015318_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas2015318_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaas2015">Haas 2015</a>, p. 318.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer20086-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer20086_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwemer2008">Schwemer 2008</a>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaas201591-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas201591_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaas2015">Haas 2015</a>, p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer20086–7-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer20086–7_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwemer2008">Schwemer 2008</a>, pp. 6–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETaracha2009120-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaracha2009120_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaracha2009">Taracha 2009</a>, p. 120.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001459-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001459_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwemer2001">Schwemer 2001</a>, p. 459.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001478-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001478_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwemer2001">Schwemer 2001</a>, p. 478.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaas2015317–318-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas2015317–318_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaas2015">Haas2015</a>, pp. 317–318.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm201446_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilhelm2014">Wilhelm 2014</a>, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert2004169-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004169_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004169_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004169_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLambert2004">Lambert 2004</a>, p. 169.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLambert2004 (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERichter2010507-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERichter2010507_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRichter2010">Richter 2010</a>, p. 507.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998123-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998123_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilhelm1998">Wilhelm 1998</a>, p. 123.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998124-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998124_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilhelm1998">Wilhelm 1998</a>, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001467-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001467_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwemer2001">Schwemer 2001</a>, p. 467.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDeiner197634-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDeiner197634_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDeiner1976">Deiner 1976</a>, p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998122-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilhelm1998122_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilhelm1998">Wilhelm 1998</a>, p. 122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBartelmus2017310-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBartelmus2017310_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBartelmus2017">Bartelmus 2017</a>, p. 310.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKrebernik201445-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKrebernik201445_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKrebernik2014">Krebernik 2014</a>, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaas2015319-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaas2015319_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHaas2015">Haas 2015</a>, p. 319.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483–484-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchwemer2001483–484_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchwemer2001">Schwemer 2001</a>, pp. 483–484.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert2004172-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004172_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLambert2004">Lambert 2004</a>, p. 172.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLambert2004 (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELambert2004167–170-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELambert2004167–170_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLambert2004">Lambert 2004</a>, pp. 167–170.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFLambert2004 (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Bibliography">Bibliography</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tilla_(deity)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit source</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1133582631">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFBartelmus2017" class="citation book cs1">Bartelmus, Alexa (2017). "Die Götter der Kassitenzeit. Eine Analyse ihres Vorkommens in zeitgenössischen Textquellen". <i>Karduniaš. Babylonia under the Kassites</i>. De Gruyter. pp. 245–312. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1515%2F9781501503566-011">10.1515/9781501503566-011</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781501503566" title="Special:BookSources/9781501503566"><bdi>9781501503566</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Die+G%C3%B6tter+der+Kassitenzeit.+Eine+Analyse+ihres+Vorkommens+in+zeitgen%C3%B6ssischen+Textquellen&rft.btitle=Kardunia%C5%A1.+Babylonia+under+the+Kassites&rft.pages=245-312&rft.pub=De+Gruyter&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2F9781501503566-011&rft.isbn=9781501503566&rft.aulast=Bartelmus&rft.aufirst=Alexa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFDeiner1976" class="citation journal cs1">Deiner, Karlheinz (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jstor.org/stable/43074680">"Materialien zu den Lokalpanthea des Königreiches Arrapḫe"</a>. <i>Orientalia</i>. GBPress - Gregorian Biblical Press. <b>45</b>: 33–45. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0030-5367">0030-5367</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43074680">43074680</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orientalia&rft.atitle=Materialien+zu+den+Lokalpanthea+des+K%C3%B6nigreiches+Arrap%E1%B8%ABe&rft.volume=45&rft.pages=33-45&rft.date=1976&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43074680%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=00305367&rft.aulast=Deiner&rft.aufirst=Karlheinz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43074680&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFHaas2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Haas, Volkert (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EOh5DwAAQBAJ"><i>Geschichte der hethitischen Religion</i></a>. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East (in German). Brill. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-29394-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-29394-6"><bdi>978-90-04-29394-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geschichte+der+hethitischen+Religion&rft.series=Handbook+of+Oriental+Studies.+Section+1%3A+The+Near+and+Middle+East&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-90-04-29394-6&rft.aulast=Haas&rft.aufirst=Volkert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEOh5DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFKrebernik2014" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Krebernik, Manfred (2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11661">"Tilla A"</a>, <i>Reallexikon der Assyriologie</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-05</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tilla+A&rft.btitle=Reallexikon+der+Assyriologie&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Krebernik&rft.aufirst=Manfred&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublikationen.badw.de%2Fen%2Frla%2Findex%2311661&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFLambert2007" class="citation book cs1">Lambert, Wilfred G. (2007). "An Exotic Babylonian God-List". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/publications/as/27-studies-presented-robert-d-biggs-june-4-2004-workshop-chicago-assyrian"><i>Studies presented to Robert D. Biggs, June 4, 2004</i></a>. Chicago, Illinois: Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-885923-44-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-885923-44-8"><bdi>978-1-885923-44-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/67873765">67873765</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=An+Exotic+Babylonian+God-List&rft.btitle=Studies+presented+to+Robert+D.+Biggs%2C+June+4%2C+2004&rft.place=Chicago%2C+Illinois&rft.pub=Oriental+Institute+of+the+University+of+Chicago&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F67873765&rft.isbn=978-1-885923-44-8&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=Wilfred+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foi.uchicago.edu%2Fresearch%2Fpublications%2Fas%2F27-studies-presented-robert-d-biggs-june-4-2004-workshop-chicago-assyrian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFRichter2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Richter, Thomas (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/42732078">"Ein Hurriter wird geboren... und benannt"</a>. In Becker, Jörg; Hempelmann, Ralph; Rehm, Ellen (eds.). <i>Kulturlandschaft Syrien: Zentrum und Peripherie. Festschrift für Jan-Waalke Meyer</i> (in German). Münster: Ugarit-Verlag. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-86835-034-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-86835-034-0"><bdi>978-3-86835-034-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/587015618">587015618</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ein+Hurriter+wird+geboren...+und+benannt&rft.btitle=Kulturlandschaft+Syrien%3A+Zentrum+und+Peripherie.+Festschrift+f%C3%BCr+Jan-Waalke+Meyer&rft.place=M%C3%BCnster&rft.pub=Ugarit-Verlag&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F587015618&rft.isbn=978-3-86835-034-0&rft.aulast=Richter&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F42732078&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSchwemer2001" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Schwemer, Daniel (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/16999070"><i>Die Wettergottgestalten Mesopotamiens und Nordsyriens im Zeitalter der Keilschriftkulturen: Materialien und Studien nach den schriftlichen Quellen</i></a> (in German). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-447-04456-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-447-04456-1"><bdi>978-3-447-04456-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48145544">48145544</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Wettergottgestalten+Mesopotamiens+und+Nordsyriens+im+Zeitalter+der+Keilschriftkulturen%3A+Materialien+und+Studien+nach+den+schriftlichen+Quellen&rft.place=Wiesbaden&rft.pub=Harrassowitz&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F48145544&rft.isbn=978-3-447-04456-1&rft.aulast=Schwemer&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F16999070&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSchwemer2008" class="citation journal cs1">Schwemer, Daniel (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/14077557">"The Storm-Gods of the Ancient Near East: Summary, Synthesis, Recent Studies: Part II"</a>. <i>Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions</i>. Brill. <b>8</b> (1): 1–44. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F156921208786182428">10.1163/156921208786182428</a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1569-2116">1569-2116</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ancient+Near+Eastern+Religions&rft.atitle=The+Storm-Gods+of+the+Ancient+Near+East%3A+Summary%2C+Synthesis%2C+Recent+Studies%3A+Part+II&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-44&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F156921208786182428&rft.issn=1569-2116&rft.aulast=Schwemer&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F14077557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFTaracha2009" class="citation book cs1">Taracha, Piotr (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xTE7o8aKI7IC"><i>Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia</i></a>. Harrassowitz. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3447058858" title="Special:BookSources/978-3447058858"><bdi>978-3447058858</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religions+of+Second+Millennium+Anatolia&rft.pub=Harrassowitz&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-3447058858&rft.aulast=Taracha&rft.aufirst=Piotr&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxTE7o8aKI7IC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWilhelm1998" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wilhelm, Gernot (1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#8211">"Name, Namengebung D. Bei den Hurritern"</a>, <i>Reallexikon der Assyriologie</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-07</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Name%2C+Namengebung+D.+Bei+den+Hurritern&rft.btitle=Reallexikon+der+Assyriologie&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Wilhelm&rft.aufirst=Gernot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublikationen.badw.de%2Fen%2Frla%2Findex%238211&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWilhelm2014" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wilhelm, Gernot (2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publikationen.badw.de/en/rla/index#11662">"Tilla B. Hethitisch, Hurritisch"</a>, <i>Reallexikon der Assyriologie</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-03-05</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tilla+B.+Hethitisch%2C+Hurritisch&rft.btitle=Reallexikon+der+Assyriologie&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Wilhelm&rft.aufirst=Gernot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublikationen.badw.de%2Fen%2Frla%2Findex%2311662&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATilla+%28deity%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hurrian_mythology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#AFC9BF"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Hurrian_mythology&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background:#AFC9BF;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hurrian_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurrian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurrian mythology">Hurrian mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General information</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurrians" title="Hurrians">Hurrians</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurrian_language" title="Hurrian language">Hurrian language</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurrian_religion" title="Hurrian religion">Hurrian religion</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Hurrian_deities" title="List of Hurrian deities">List of Hurrian deities</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurrian_songs" title="Hurrian songs">Hurrian songs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Major" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Allani" title="Allani">Allani</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ea_(god)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ea (god)">Ea</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%E1%B8%AAepat" title="Ḫepat">Ḫepat</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hutena_and_Hutellura" title="Hutena and Hutellura">Hutena and Hutellura</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ishara" title="Ishara">Ishara</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kumarbi" title="Kumarbi">Kumarbi</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ku%C5%A1u%E1%B8%AB" title="Kušuḫ">Kušuḫ</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nabarbi" title="Nabarbi">Nabarbi</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nergal" title="Nergal">Nergal</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nupatik" title="Nupatik">Nupatik</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0arruma" title="Šarruma">Šarruma</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0au%C5%A1ka" title="Šauška">Šauška</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0imige" title="Šimige">Šimige</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Te%C5%A1%C5%A1ub" class="mw-redirect" title="Teššub">Teššub</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tilla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adamma_(goddess)" title="Adamma (goddess)">Adamma</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Allanzu" title="Allanzu">Allanzu</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ayu-Ikalti" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayu-Ikalti">Ayu-Ikalti</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/A%C5%A1tabi" title="Aštabi">Aštabi</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Goddess_of_the_Night_(Hurrian)" title="Goddess of the Night (Hurrian)">Goddess of the Night</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%E1%B8%AAe%C5%A1ui" title="Ḫešui">Ḫešui</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ir%C5%A1appa" class="mw-redirect" title="Iršappa">Iršappa</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kar%E1%B8%ABu%E1%B8%ABi" class="mw-redirect" title="Karḫuḫi">Karḫuḫi</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kubaba_(goddess)" title="Kubaba (goddess)">Kubaba</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lelluri" title="Lelluri">Lelluri</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maliya" title="Maliya">Maliya</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nikkal" title="Nikkal">Nikkal</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pentikalli" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentikalli">Pentikalli</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pinikir" title="Pinikir">Pinikir</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Samnuha" title="Samnuha">Samnuha</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0ala%C5%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Šalaš">Šalaš</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0uwala" class="mw-redirect" title="Šuwala">Šuwala</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ugur_(god)" title="Ugur (god)">Ugur</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ur%C5%A1ui" title="Uršui">Uršui</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Servant_deities" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Servant deities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ninatta_and_Kulitta" title="Ninatta and Kulitta">Ninatta and Kulitta</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C5%A0eri_and_%E1%B8%AAurri" title="Šeri and Ḫurri">Šeri and Ḫurri</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Takitu" title="Takitu">Takitu</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ta%C5%A1mi%C5%A1u" title="Tašmišu">Tašmišu</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Tenu_(god)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tenu (god) (page does not exist)">Tenu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurrian_primeval_deities" title="Hurrian primeval deities">Primeval deities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alalu" title="Alalu">Alalu</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anu" title="Anu">Anu</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antu_(goddess)" title="Antu (goddess)">Antu</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Enlil" title="Enlil">Enlil</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ninlil" title="Ninlil">Ninlil</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Eltara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eltara (page does not exist)">Eltara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deified natural features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aranza%E1%B8%AB" title="Aranzaḫ">Aranzaḫ</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kia%C5%A1e" title="Kiaše">Kiaše</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manuzi" title="Manuzi">Manuzi</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Namni_and_%E1%B8%AAazzi" title="Namni and Ḫazzi">Namni and Ḫazzi</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pi%C5%A1ai%C5%A1ap%E1%B8%ABi" title="Pišaišapḫi">Pišaišapḫi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other mythical beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Earth_and_Heaven_(Hurrian_religion)" title="Earth and Heaven (Hurrian religion)">Earth and Heaven</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/%E1%B8%AAedammu" title="Ḫedammu">Ḫedammu</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Upelluri" title="Upelluri">Upelluri</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ullikummi" title="Ullikummi">Ullikummi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Heroes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Appu_(Hurrian)" title="Appu (Hurrian)">Appu</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gilgamesh" title="Gilgamesh">Gilgamesh</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Gurparanza%E1%B8%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gurparanzaḫ (page does not exist)">Gurparanzaḫ</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ke%C5%A1%C5%A1i" title="Kešši">Kešši</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hurrian_religion#Šarrēna" title="Hurrian religion">Šarrēna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arrapha" title="Arrapha">Arrapha</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ebla" title="Ebla">Ebla</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hattusa" title="Hattusa">Hattusa</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tell_Barri" title="Tell Barri">Kahat</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kumme" title="Kumme">Kumme</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kummanni" title="Kummanni">Kummanni</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nineveh" title="Nineveh">Nineveh</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Taite" title="Taite">Taite</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ugarit" title="Ugarit">Ugarit</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Urkesh" title="Urkesh">Urkesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related systems of belief</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Eblaite_religion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eblaite religion (page does not exist)">Eblaite religion</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hittite_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Hittite religion">Hittite religion</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Luwian_religion" title="Luwian religion">Luwian religion</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">Mesopotamian religion</a></li> <li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ugaritic_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Ugaritic religion">Ugaritic religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>'
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (`tor_exit_node`)	false
Unix timestamp of change (`timestamp`)	'1686322998'