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'{{Short description|Manufacturer and philanthropist}} {{Use mdy dates|date=December 2021}} {{Infobox person | name = William Colgate | image = William Colgate.jpeg | alt = | caption = A depiction of Colgate in his later years, drawn in 1881 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1783|1|25}} | birth_place = [[Hollingbourne]], [[Kent]], England | death_date = {{Death date and age|1857|3|25|1783|1|25}} | death_place = [[New York City]], U.S. | resting_place = [[Green-Wood Cemetery]], [[Brooklyn]], New York | nationality = [[Naturalization|Naturalized]] [[Citizenship in the United States|American]] | occupation = [[Manufacturing|Manufacturer]], [[philanthropy|philanthropist]] | known_for = Founded [[Colgate-Palmolive|Colgate]] [[soap]] company | spouse = Mary Gilbert (married 1811) | children = 9, including [[James Boorman Colgate|James]] and [[Samuel Colgate|Samuel]] | signature = William Colgate signature.png }} '''William Colgate''' (January 25, 1783 – March 25, 1857) was an English-American soap industrialist who founded in 1806 what became the [[Colgate-Palmolive]] company. ==Early life== William Colgate was born in [[Hollingbourne]], [[Kent]], [[England]], on January 25, 1783.<ref name="George Thomas Kurian 2016, p. 613">George Thomas Kurian, Mark A. Lamport, ''Encyclopedia of Christianity in the United States, Volume 5'', Rowman & Littlefield, USA, 2016, p. 613</ref><ref name="BaptistEnc">{{cite book|editor1-last=Cathcart|editor1-first=William|title=The Baptist Encyclopaedia, Volume 1|date=2001|publisher=The Baptist Standard Bearer, Inc.|isbn=9781579789091|pages=249–250|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7-zWuEM-qHMC}}</ref> He was the son of Robert Colgate and his wife Sarah (née Bowles). The family moved to a farm near [[Shoreham, Kent|Shoreham]] when William was six years old.<ref name=Everts/> Robert Colgate (1758–1826) was an 18th-century [[England|English]] [[farmer]], [[politician]] and sympathiser with the [[American Revolutionary War|American War of Independence]] and [[French Revolution]], whose republican ideals impelled him to leave their farm in [[Shoreham, Kent]], in March 1798 and emigrate to [[Baltimore]], Maryland, in the [[United States|United States of America]], after which the family settled on a farm in [[Harford County, Maryland]]. Colgate formed a partnership with Ralph Maher to manufacture soap and candles, and William helped the two men, but the partnership dissolved after two years. The family later settled in [[Delaware County, New York]].<ref name=Everts>[https://archive.org/stream/williamcolgatech00ever#page/36/mode/2up Everts, W.W., ''William Colgate: The Christian Gentleman'', Philadelphia. American Baptist Publication Society, 1881]{{PD-notice}}</ref> == Career == William Colgate went to New York City in 1804. He there obtained employment as an apprentice to a soap-boiler. He closely watched the methods practiced by his employer, noting what seemed to him to be mismanagement, and learned useful lessons for his own guidance. At the close of his apprenticeship he was enabled, by correspondence with dealers in other cities, to establish himself in the business with some assurance of success. In 1806 William established a starch, soap and candle business in Manhattan, on Dutch Street.<ref>Kenneth T. Jackson, Lisa Keller, Nancy Flood, ''The Encyclopedia of New York City: Second Edition'', Yale University Press, USA, 2010, p. 277</ref> In 1820, he started a starch factory across the Hudson in Jersey City.<ref>[https://www.colgatepalmolive.com/en-us/about/history "History", Colgate-Palmolive]</ref> William followed his goal of prosperity through life, and became one of the most prosperous men in the city of New York. This circumstance, together with his great wisdom in counsel, and his readiness to aid in all useful and practicable enterprises, gave him a wide influence in the community, and especially in the denomination of which he was from early life an active and honored member. ==Personal life== The Rev. William Parkinson, pastor of the [[First Baptist Church in the City of New York]], baptized him in February 1808 and Colgate became a deacon.<ref name="George Thomas Kurian 2016, p. 613"/> In 1811 he transferred his membership in [[Oliver Street Baptist Church]]. In 1838 he became a member of the [[Tabernacle Baptist Church (Manhattan)]], to the erection of which he had himself largely contributed. Colgate was a tither throughout his long and successful business career. He gave not merely one-tenth of the earnings of Colgate's soap products; but he gave two-tenths, then three-tenths, and finally five-tenths of all his income to the work of God in the world. During the later days of his life he revealed the origin of his devotion to the idea of tithing. When he was sixteen years old he left home to find employment in New York City. He had previously worked in a soap manufacturing shop. When he told the captain of the canal boat upon which he was traveling that he planned to make soap in New York City the man gave him this advice: ‘Someone will soon be the leading soap maker in New York. You can be that person. But you must never lose sight of the fact that the soap you make has been given to you by God. Honor Him by sharing what you earn. Begin by tithing all you receive.’ William Colgate felt the urge to tithe because he recognized that God was the giver of all that he possessed, not only of opportunity, but even of the elements which were used in the manufacture of his products.<ref>Spiritual Life Through Tithing, G. Ernest Thomas (1955); [[Soap and Toothpaste: A Testimony About Giving]]</ref> ==Family== Colgate married Mary Gilbert (1788-1855) on April 23, 1810, and they had nine children: Robert (1812-1885), Gilbert (1814-1838), Sarah (1816-1859), [[James Boorman Colgate|James]] (1818-1904), William III (1820-1838), [[Samuel Colgate|Samuel]] (1822-1897), Mary IV (1826-1873), Joseph (1828-1865), and Martha (1831-1837).<ref>https://archive.org/stream/robertcolgateimm00abbe/robertcolgateimm00abbe_djvu.txt {{Bare URL plain text|date=August 2022}}</ref> His son Robert purchased [[Robert Colgate House|Stonehurst]] at Riverdale-on-Hudson in [[The Bronx]] about 1859 shortly after it was built; it was listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1983.<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|2009a|dateform=mdy}}</ref> ==Philanthropy== Colgate annually subscribed money to assist in defraying the expenses of [[Hamilton Literary and Theological Institution]] (later [[Madison University and Theological Seminary]]); and he was among the most strenuous opponents of their removal to the city of Rochester.{{why|date=March 2022}} His sons James and Samuel were both benefactors of Madison University and Theological Seminary. After seven decades of the Colgates' involvement, the school was renamed [[Colgate University]] in 1890.<ref>[https://www.colgate.edu/about/colgates-origins "Origins of Colgate University", Colgate University]</ref> Colgate was a regular contributor to the funds of the Baptist Missionary Union, and took upon himself the entire support of a foreign [[missionary]]. ==References== {{Reflist}} {{PD-old-text|title=The Baptist Encyclopaedia, Volume 1|year=1881|author=William Cathcart, ed.}} ==Archives and records== * [http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HBS.Baker.EAD:bak00468 William Colgate and Company records] at Baker Library Special Collections, Harvard Business School. ==External links== * [http://www.reformedreader.org/colgate.htm The Reformed Reader biography] * {{Find a Grave|3121}} {{Colgate-Palmolive}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Colgate, William}} [[Category:1783 births]] [[Category:1857 deaths]] [[Category:Baptist deacon]] [[Category:People from Hollingbourne]] [[Category:People from Harford County, Maryland]] [[Category:Kingdom of Great Britain emigrants to the United States]] [[Category:Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery]] [[Category:19th-century English businesspeople]] [[Category:Colgate-Palmolive]] [[Category:American company founders]] [[Category:People from Shoreham, Kent]] [[Category:19th-century American businesspeople]] [[Category:Baptists from New York (state)]] [[Category:Colgate family]]'