Examine individual changes

'@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@ +== Background == +During the 1960s and 1970s, street basketball was widely played in the streets of the [[The Bronx|Bronx]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shibboleth Authentication Request |url=https://login.ezproxy.bu.edu/login?qurl=https://www.tandfonline.com%2fdoi%2ffull%2f10.1080%2f10253866.2020.1741357%3fscroll%3dtop%26needAccess%3dtrue |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=login.ezproxy.bu.edu |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357?scroll=top&needaccess=true}}</ref> One of the important rituals among the players was “stepsies,” which was a game for everyone to step on a player’s new sneakers. A clean pair of sneakers indicated that the player was weak.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shibboleth Authentication Request |url=https://login.ezproxy.bu.edu/login?qurl=https://www.tandfonline.com%2fdoi%2ffull%2f10.1080%2f10253866.2020.1741357%3fscroll%3dtop%26needAccess%3dtrue |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=login.ezproxy.bu.edu |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357?scroll=top&needaccess=true}}</ref> However, with the rise of hip music, “clean and fresh” hip hop look gained popularity and the game of “stepsies” disappeared.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Denny |first=Iain |date=2021-09-03 |title=The sneaker – marketplace icon |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357 |journal=Consumption Markets & Culture |language=en |volume=24 |issue=5 |pages=456–467 |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357 |issn=1025-3866}}</ref> + +Streetwear, often referred as hip hop fashion, influenced the sneaker culture with its expansion with hip hop music.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shibboleth Authentication Request |url=https://login.ezproxy.bu.edu/login?qurl=https://www.tandfonline.com%2fdoi%2ffull%2f10.1080%2f10253866.2020.1741357%3fscroll%3dtop%26needAccess%3dtrue |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=login.ezproxy.bu.edu |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357?scroll=top&needaccess=true}}</ref> Since the 1970s, there has been a strict rule against combining rival brands, such as Nike and Adidas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shibboleth Authentication Request |url=https://login.ezproxy.bu.edu/login?qurl=https://www.tandfonline.com%2fdoi%2ffull%2f10.1080%2f10253866.2020.1741357%3fscroll%3dtop%26needAccess%3dtrue |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=login.ezproxy.bu.edu |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357?scroll=top&needaccess=true}}</ref> For example, a person wearing Nike sneakers with Adidas track pants would be considered as someone going against the culture.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shibboleth Authentication Request |url=https://login.ezproxy.bu.edu/login?qurl=https://www.tandfonline.com%2fdoi%2ffull%2f10.1080%2f10253866.2020.1741357%3fscroll%3dtop%26needAccess%3dtrue |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=login.ezproxy.bu.edu |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357?scroll=top&needaccess=true}}</ref> This type of violation lowers person's reputation and shows the person's lack of awareness of the culture, similar as forgetting to removing the tag from a designer suit.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shibboleth Authentication Request |url=https://login.ezproxy.bu.edu/login?qurl=https://www.tandfonline.com%2fdoi%2ffull%2f10.1080%2f10253866.2020.1741357%3fscroll%3dtop%26needAccess%3dtrue |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=login.ezproxy.bu.edu |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357?scroll=top&needaccess=true}}</ref> This practice led sneakerheads to favor one brand over another resulting in strong brand loyalty.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shibboleth Authentication Request |url=https://login.ezproxy.bu.edu/login?qurl=https://www.tandfonline.com%2fdoi%2ffull%2f10.1080%2f10253866.2020.1741357%3fscroll%3dtop%26needAccess%3dtrue |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=login.ezproxy.bu.edu |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357?scroll=top&needaccess=true}}</ref> Although the concept of exclusively being a Nike or Adidas enthusiast as diminished, the art of mixing brands properly has evolved as streetwear, luxury fashion brands, and sportswear brands became significant aspects of sneaker culture.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shibboleth Authentication Request |url=https://login.ezproxy.bu.edu/login?qurl=https://www.tandfonline.com%2fdoi%2ffull%2f10.1080%2f10253866.2020.1741357%3fscroll%3dtop%26needAccess%3dtrue |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=login.ezproxy.bu.edu |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357?scroll=top&needaccess=true}}</ref> + == Sneakerhead == -=== History === -The emergence of sneaker collecting started with basketball and hip hop music. During the 1960s and 1970s, street basketball was widely played in the streets of the [[The Bronx|Bronx]]. One of the important rituals among the players was “stepsies,” which was a game for everyone to step on a player’s new sneakers. A clean pair of sneakers indicated that the player was weak. However, with the rise of hip music, “clean and fresh” hip hop look gained popularity and the game of “stepsies” disappeared.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Denny |first=Iain |date=2021-09-03 |title=The sneaker – marketplace icon |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357 |journal=Consumption Markets & Culture |language=en |volume=24 |issue=5 |pages=456–467 |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357 |issn=1025-3866}}</ref> - -SNEAKERHEADS HOLD A SET OF SHARED VALUES. From then, sneakers have been more than just athletic gear for functionality. With this, the term “sneakerhead” was often used to describe this unique group that holds a distinctive relationship with the sneakers they own.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matthews |first=Delisia |last2=Cryer-Coupet |first2=Qiana |last3=Degirmencioglu |first3=Nimet |date=2021-01-05 |title=I wear, therefore I am: investigating sneakerhead culture, social identity, and brand preference among men |url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-020-00228-3 |journal=Fashion and Textiles |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=1 |doi=10.1186/s40691-020-00228-3 |issn=2198-0802}}</ref> Understanding the history of particular shoes, brands, and sports is important. Knowledge acquisition is signigcant to understand the subcultural context of sneakers. TO SNEAKERHEADS, SHOES ARE A SOURCE OF X: "Knowledge comes first. You need to know what you're wearing, if you're pretending to be someone (inside the culture and community)".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kulinicheva |first=Ekaterina |date=2021-09-14 |title=Sneakerheads as fans and sneaker fandom as participatory culture |url=https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/1991 |journal=Transformative Works and Cultures |language=en |volume=36 |doi=10.3983/twc.2021.1991 |issn=1941-2258}}</ref> +==== Values ==== +Sneakerheads hold a set of shared values and form different communities.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kulinicheva |first=Ekaterina |date=2021-09-14 |title=Sneakerheads as fans and sneaker fandom as participatory culture |url=https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/1991 |journal=Transformative Works and Cultures |language=en |volume=36 |doi=10.3983/twc.2021.1991 |issn=1941-2258}}</ref> These communities encompass a diverse range of individuals, including collectors, enthusiasts, photographers, custom designers, and resellers.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kulinicheva |first=Ekaterina |date=2021-09-14 |title=Sneakerheads as fans and sneaker fandom as participatory culture |url=https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/1991 |journal=Transformative Works and Cultures |language=en |volume=36 |doi=10.3983/twc.2021.1991 |issn=1941-2258}}</ref> To sneakerheads, sneakers represent more than just an athletic gear for functionality.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matthews |first=Delisia |last2=Cryer-Coupet |first2=Qiana |last3=Degirmencioglu |first3=Nimet |date=2021-01-05 |title=I wear, therefore I am: investigating sneakerhead culture, social identity, and brand preference among men |url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-020-00228-3 |journal=Fashion and Textiles |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=1 |doi=10.1186/s40691-020-00228-3 |issn=2198-0802}}</ref> To them, understanding historical context behind the sneakers, brands, and sports is important. Knowledge acquisition on sneakers is more important than having large collections of sneakers: "Knowledge comes first. You need to know what you're wearing, if you're pretending to be someone (inside the culture and community)".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kulinicheva |first=Ekaterina |date=2021-09-14 |title=Sneakerheads as fans and sneaker fandom as participatory culture |url=https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/1991 |journal=Transformative Works and Cultures |language=en |volume=36 |doi=10.3983/twc.2021.1991 |issn=1941-2258}}</ref> With this, the term “sneakerhead” was often used to describe this unique group that holds a distinctive relationship with the sneakers they own.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matthews |first=Delisia |last2=Cryer-Coupet |first2=Qiana |last3=Degirmencioglu |first3=Nimet |date=2021-01-05 |title=I wear, therefore I am: investigating sneakerhead culture, social identity, and brand preference among men |url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-020-00228-3 |journal=Fashion and Textiles |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=1 |doi=10.1186/s40691-020-00228-3 |issn=2198-0802}}</ref> They are individuals who have great passion for sneaker history, actively pursue rare and exclusive collections, and collect sneakers.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-02-03 |title=Sneakerheads, Not Hypebeasts: Defining a Sneaker-Driven Sub-culture |url=https://news.ncsu.edu/2021/02/sneakerheads-not-hypebeasts-defining-a-sneaker-driven-sub-culture/ |access-date=2023-10-08 |website=NC State News |language=en-US}}</ref> -=== Cultural Impact === -Sneaker collecting has blended into many different subcultures including fashion, art, sports, and music. AS OF 2023, the collaborations between footwear, athletes, and artists have <u>been impacting sneaker culture</u>. With the rise of celebrity collaborations including [[Travis Scott]], [[Pharrell Williams]], and [[Kanye West]], resell activities among sneakerheads have been activated. Sneakerheads often look for rare collections, such as celebrity collaborations, which are considered “exclusive” among the sneakerheads community.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Matthews |first=Delisia |last2=Cryer-Coupet |first2=Qiana |last3=Degirmencioglu |first3=Nimet |date=2021-01-05 |title=I wear, therefore I am: investigating sneakerhead culture, social identity, and brand preference among men |url=https://doi.org/10.1186/s40691-020-00228-3 |journal=Fashion and Textiles |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=1 |doi=10.1186/s40691-020-00228-3 |issn=2198-0802}}</ref> +==== Practices ==== +Sneakerheads often participate in both online and offline activities to show their enthusiasm in sneakers. Typical example of offline activity is participating in sneaker exhibitions. Some of the notable exhibitions include Sneakercon in North America, Sneakerness in Europe, and Faces&Laces in Russia.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kulinicheva |first=Ekaterina |date=2021-09-14 |title=Sneakerheads as fans and sneaker fandom as participatory culture |url=https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/1991 |journal=Transformative Works and Cultures |language=en |volume=36 |doi=10.3983/twc.2021.1991 |issn=1941-2258}}</ref> Through these exhibitions, sneakerheads show their collections, sell or exchange sneakers, and attend public talks with designers and collectors. Typical example of online activity is making unboxing videos or video reviews of new sneakers where sneakerheads share their ideas and thoughts on the sneakers.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kulinicheva |first=Ekaterina |date=2021-09-14 |title=Sneakerheads as fans and sneaker fandom as participatory culture |url=https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/1991 |journal=Transformative Works and Cultures |language=en |volume=36 |doi=10.3983/twc.2021.1991 |issn=1941-2258}}</ref> -Sneakerheads are also involved in sneaker art such as sneaker photography and customized sneakers. Sneakerheads make paintings and drawings of different models of sneakers and 3-D installations for various sneaker events. Another type of sneaker art is customizing BY “updating a pair of sneakers by painting or embroidering them, replacing parts with different materials, or combining parts of different models to create a completely new pair of sneakers”.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kulinicheva |first=Ekaterina |date=2021-09-14 |title=Sneakerheads as fans and sneaker fandom as participatory culture |url=https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/1991 |journal=Transformative Works and Cultures |language=en |volume=36 |doi=10.3983/twc.2021.1991 |issn=1941-2258}}</ref> <u>The process of customizing enables sneakerheads to use their own creativity and vision to make unique pairs of sneakers.</u> +Sneakerheads are also involved in variety of sneaker art, such as sneaker photography and customization often when sneaker consumption is not enough for them.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kulinicheva |first=Ekaterina |date=2021-09-14 |title=Sneakerheads as fans and sneaker fandom as participatory culture |url=https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/1991 |journal=Transformative Works and Cultures |language=en |volume=36 |doi=10.3983/twc.2021.1991 |issn=1941-2258}}</ref> Examples of sneaker art include making paintings and drawings of different models of sneakers and creating comics or cartoons of important sneaker collectors or enthusiasts. Another type of sneaker art is customizing by “updating a pair of sneakers by painting or embroidering them, replacing parts with different materials, or combining parts of different models to create a completely new pair of sneakers”.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kulinicheva |first=Ekaterina |date=2021-09-14 |title=Sneakerheads as fans and sneaker fandom as participatory culture |url=https://journal.transformativeworks.org/index.php/twc/article/view/1991 |journal=Transformative Works and Cultures |language=en |volume=36 |doi=10.3983/twc.2021.1991 |issn=1941-2258}}</ref> Many sneakerheads highlight the importance of practicing non-commercial, community based activities like customization, to express their creativity and show their values and enthusiasm in sneakers. -<u>As the sneaker culture is built upon hip hop music, “[[streetwear]]”, hip hop fashion that encompasses sportswear, rose as well. During that time,</u> there was a prohibition of mixing competing brands like Nike and Adidas. For example, wearing [[Adidas]] track pants with [[Nike, Inc.|Nike]] sneakers was an act of DISLOYALTY.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Denny |first=Iain |date=2021-09-03 |title=The sneaker – marketplace icon |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357 |journal=Consumption Markets & Culture |language=en |volume=24 |issue=5 |pages=456–467 |doi=10.1080/10253866.2020.1741357 |issn=1025-3866}}</ref> <u>Eventually, this led sneakerheads to be loyal to one brand and practice of correctly wearing different brands has evolved up to this date.</u> {{User sandbox}} + +{{User sandbox}} <!-- EDIT BELOW THIS LINE --> '