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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| image = Martha argerich photo (cropped).jpg
| caption = Argerich in 2015
| name = Martha Argerich
| birth_date = {{died 1957e and age|1941|6|5|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina
| spouse = {{unbulleted list|{{marriage|Robert Chen|1964|1964|end=divorced}}|{{marriage|[[Charles Dutoit]]|1969|1973|end=divorced}}}}
| occupation = Musician
| instrument = Piano
| genre = [[Classical music|Classical]]
| label = {{hlist|[[Deutsche Grammophon]]|[[Warner Classics]]|[[Philips Classics Records|Philips]]}}
}}
'''Martha Argerich''' ({{IPA-es|ˈmaɾta aɾxeˈɾitʃ}}; Eastern Catalan: [[Help:IPA/Catalan|[əɾʒəˈɾik]]]; born 5 June 1941) is an Argentine classical [[concert pianist]]. She is widely considered to be one of the greatest pianists of all time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 20 Greatest Pianists of all time | Classical-Music.com |url=http://www.classical-music.com/article/20-greatest-pianists-all-time |website=www.classical-music.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The 25 best piano players of all time |url=https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/instruments/piano/best-pianists-ever/ |access-date=24 October 2021 |website=Classic FM |language=en}}</ref> Born and raised in [[Buenos Aires]] to Jewish-Spanish parents, Argerich gave her debut concert at eight before receiving further piano training in Europe. At an early age, she won several competitions, including the [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]], and has since recorded numerous albums and performed with leading orchestras worldwide.
== Early life and education ==
[[File:Martha Argerich NYWTS.jpg|thumb|Argerich in 1962]]
[[Argerich]] was born in [[Buenos Aires]].<ref>{{Cite news|title = An Enigmatic Pianist Reclaims Her Stardom|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/25/arts/an-enigmatic-pianist-reclaims-her-stardom.html|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 25 March 2000|access-date = 4 February 2016|issn = 0362-4331|first = Anthony|last = Tommasini}}</ref> Her paternal ancestors were [[Spaniards]] from [[Catalonia]] who had been based in [[Buenos Aires]] since the 18th century. Her maternal grandparents were Jewish immigrants from the [[Russian Empire]], who settled in Colonia Villa Clara in Argentina's [[Entre Ríos Province]], one of the colonies established by [[Maurice de Hirsch|Baron de Hirsch]] and the [[Jewish Colonization Association]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lavozylaopinion.com.ar/cgi-bin/medios/vernota.cgi?medio=lavoz&numero=Mayo2012¬a=Mayo2012-3 |title=La vida de una pianista única: "Martha Argerich" por Moshé Korin |publisher=Lavozylaopinion.com.ar |access-date=21 October 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130801143652/http://www.lavozylaopinion.com.ar/cgi-bin/medios/vernota.cgi?medio=lavoz&numero=Mayo2012¬a=Mayo2012-3 |archive-date=1 August 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://owl-ge.ch/arts-scenes/spip.php?article1941 |title=Portrait : Martha Argerich – Arts-Scènes |publisher=Owl-ge.ch |access-date=21 October 2013 |archive-date=19 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219170213/http://owl-ge.ch/arts-scenes/spip.php?article1941 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The provenance of the name ''[[Argerich]]'' is Catalonia.
A precocious child, Argerich began kindergarten at the age of two years and eight months, where she was the youngest child. A five-year-old boy, who was a friend, teased her that she would not be able to play the piano, and Argerich responded by playing perfectly, by ear, a piece their teacher played them. The teacher immediately called the mother and they "started making a fuss." Argerich started learning the piano at the age of three.<ref name="Dean Interview">{{cite web |url=http://www.andrys.com/arg-1979.html |first=Dean |last=Elder |title=Excerpts from "The Mercurial Martha Argerich" |date=5 February 1978 |access-date=23 August 2020 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000607073630/http://www.andrys.com/arg-1979.html |archive-date=7 June 2000}}</ref> At the age of five, she moved to teacher [[Vincenzo Scaramuzza]], who stressed to her the importance of lyricism and feeling. Argerich gave her debut concert in 1949 at the age of eight. The family moved to Europe in 1955, where Argerich studied with [[Friedrich Gulda]] in Austria, whom Argerich describes as one of her major influences. She later studied with [[Stefan Askenase]] and [[Maria Curcio]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Niel Immelman |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2009/apr/14/obituary-maria-curcio |title=The Guardian, 14 April 2009 |newspaper=Guardian |date= 14 April 2009|access-date=4 January 2012 |location=London}}</ref> Argerich also seized opportunities for brief periods of coaching with Madeleine Lipatti (widow of [[Dinu Lipatti]]), [[Abbey Simon]], and [[Nikita Magaloff]].<ref>Manildi, Donald [http://www.musicalamerica.com/features/?fid=66&fyear=2001 Musician of the Year 2001 Martha Argerich], "Musical America", 2001</ref> In 1957, at sixteen, she won both the [[Geneva International Music Competition]] and the [[Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition|Ferruccio Busoni International Competition]] within three weeks of each other.{{#tag:ref|At the latter she met [[Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli]], whom she would later seek out for lessons – although she studied with him for over a year, she only had four lessons with him. Michelangeli, when asked what he had done for Argerich, replied: "I taught her the gift of silence".<ref name="Sweeting">{{cite news | url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/9370c7e4-a31f-11e0-a9a4-00144feabdc0.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/9370c7e4-a31f-11e0-a9a4-00144feabdc0.html |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription | title=Strains of mood music | work=Financial Times | author=Andrew Clark | date=8 July 2011 | access-date=24 July 2015}}</ref>|group=n}}
Following this success, Argerich had a personal and artistic crisis. After an abortive attempt to study with the Italian pianist [[Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli]], who gave her only four lessons in the space of 18 months, she went to [[New York City]], hoping but failing to meet and study with her idol, [[Vladimir Horowitz]].<ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/martha-argerich-is-a-legend-of-the-classical-music-world-but-she-doesnt-act-like-one/2016/12/01/117095b4-b104-11e6-be1c-8cec35b1ad25_story.html|title=Martha Argerich is a legend of the classical music world. But she doesn't act like one.|last1=Midgette|first1=Anne|date=1 December 2016|newspaper=The Washington Post|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286|access-date=23 January 2017}}</ref> She did not play the piano for three years and considered giving it up to train as a secretary or [[medical doctor|doctor]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.capradio.org/100037|title=Artist Of The Week: Martha Argerich|first=Kevin|last=Doherty|website=www.capradio.org}}</ref> She credited Anny Askenase, the wife of [[Stefan Askenase]], with encouraging her to return to the piano.<ref name="Dean Interview" />
== Professional career ==
[[File:7th Chopin Competition - Martha Argerich.jpg|thumb|Argerich during a rehearsal with the orchestra for the final of the [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]], 1965]]
Argerich performed her debut concert at the age of eight, playing Mozart's [[Piano Concerto No. 20 (Mozart)|Piano Concerto No. 20]] in D minor and [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Beethoven)|Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 1]] in [[C major]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Argerich-Martha.htm|title=Martha Argerich (Piano) – Short Biography|website=Bach-cantatas.com|access-date=19 November 2017}}</ref> Argerich gained international prominence when she won the [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]] in [[Warsaw]] in 1965, at age 24.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/lioness-of-the-piano-martha-argerich-turns-80/a-57779104 |title='Lioness' of piano: Martha Argerich turns 80 |website=dw.com |author=Anastassia Boutsko |date=6 April 2021 |access-date=12 October 2023}}</ref> In that same year, she debuted in the United States in [[Lincoln Center]]'s Great Performers Series. In 1960, she had made her first commercial recording, which included works by [[Frédéric Chopin|Chopin]], [[Johannes Brahms|Brahms]], [[Maurice Ravel|Ravel]], [[Sergei Prokofiev|Prokofiev]], and [[Franz Liszt|Liszt]]; it received critical acclaim upon its release in 1961. She has since recorded works by composers including [[Ginastera]], [[Rachmaninoff]] and [[Schumann]], to whom she describes feeling a particular connection.<ref name="Bloody Daughter">"Bloody Daughter"</ref>
Argerich has often remarked in interviews of feeling "lonely" on stage during solo performances.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8sPD1cma58w | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202135058/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8sPD1cma58w| archive-date=2 February 2014 | url-status=dead|title=YouTube |publisher=YouTube |access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> Since the 1980s, she has staged few solo performances, concentrating instead on [[piano concerto|concertos]] and, in particular, [[chamber music]], and collaborating with instrumentalists in [[sonata (music)|sonatas]].
[[File:Martha Argerich concierto.jpg|thumb|Argerich performing at the later [[Kirchner Cultural Centre]], 2008]]
Argerich has also promoted younger pianists, both through her annual festival and through her appearances as a member of the jury at international competitions.<ref name="About ICC">{{cite web|title=About|url=http://konkurs.chopin.pl/en/about/competition|publisher=Chopin International Competition|access-date=17 January 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130707105707/http://konkurs.chopin.pl/en/about/competition|archive-date=7 July 2013}}</ref><ref name="ASU Jury">{{cite web|title=Jury|url=http://herbergerinstitute.asu.edu/pianocompetition/2013/jury.php|publisher=ASU Competition|access-date=17 January 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521032131/http://herbergerinstitute.asu.edu/pianocompetition/2013/jury.php|archive-date=21 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="AR Competition">{{cite web|title=Ninth Competition|url=http://www.arims.org.il/ninth.php|publisher=Arthur Rubinstein Competition|access-date=17 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930200115/http://www.arims.org.il/ninth.php|archive-date=30 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> The pianist [[Ivo Pogorelić]] was thrust into the musical spotlight partly as a result of Argerich's actions: after he was eliminated in the third round of the [[X International Chopin Piano Competition|1980 International Chopin Piano Competition]] in [[Warsaw]], Argerich proclaimed him a genius and left the jury in protest.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCormick|first=Lisa|date=2018|title=Pogorelich at the Chopin: Towards a sociology of competition scandals|journal=The Chopin Review|publisher=[[Fryderyk Chopin Institute]]|issue=1|issn=2544-9249|url=http://chopinreview.com/pages/issue/7/1|access-date=29 July 2021|archive-date=27 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127080742/http://chopinreview.com/pages/issue/7/1|url-status=dead}}</ref> According to [[Đặng Thái Sơn]], the eventual winner, Argerich made the "beautiful gesture" of sending a public telegram to the judging committee to congratulate him, after learning the final results.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ho|first=Elijah|date=22 September 2011|title=Interview with Dang Thai Son|url= http://www.thecounterpoints.com/interviews/2015/9/15/interview-with-pianist-dang-thai-son |website=The Counterpoints}}</ref> She has supported several artists, including [[Gabriela Montero]], [[Mauricio Vallina]], [[Sergio Tiempo]], [[Roberto Carnevale]], [[Gabriele Baldocci]], and Christopher Falzone.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxxlJqI5idRkrS72BfVTK8A |title=Classicalrecitals |publisher=YouTube |date=3 November 2009 |access-date=4 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=989 |title=Progetto Martha Argerich |language=it |publisher=Rsi.ch |access-date=4 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006174602/http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=989 |archive-date=6 October 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=1000 |title=Progetto Martha Argerich |language=it |publisher=Rsi.ch |access-date=4 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230134018/http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=1000 |archive-date=30 December 2010 }}</ref>
Argerich is the president of the [[International Piano Academy Lake Como]] and performs annually at the [[Lugano Festival]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www4.rsi.ch/trasm/argerich/welcome.cfm |title=Progetto Martha Argerich |language=it |publisher=.rsi.ch |access-date=4 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104084319/http://www4.rsi.ch/trasm/argerich/welcome.cfm |archive-date=4 November 2015 }}</ref> She has also created and been a General Director of the Argerich Music Festival and Encounter in [[Beppu]], Japan, since 1996.
[[File:Martha argerich cck jul15.jpg|thumb|Argerich performing at the [[Kirchner Cultural Centre]], July 2015]]
Her aversion to the press and publicity has resulted in her remaining out of the limelight for most of her career. Nevertheless, she is widely recognized as one of the greatest pianists in history.<ref name="Alex Ross New Yorker profile">{{cite news |last=Ross |first=Alex |title=Madame X|url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2001/11/12/011112crmu_music |access-date=15 January 2014 |newspaper=The New Yorker |date=12 November 2001 |author-link=Alex Ross (music critic)}}</ref><ref name="2005 Tommasini review">{{cite news |last=Tommasini |first=Anthony |title=Classical Music: Recordings; Boisterous Beethoven, Brooding Brahms |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A05E7D7123CF933A15750C0A9639C8B63&ref=marthaargerich |access-date=15 January 2014 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=20 March 2005 |author-link=Anthony Tommasini}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Carrizo |first=Rodrigo |url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/directdemocracy/48th-solothurn-film-festival_examining-a-martha-daughter-relationship/34795316 |title=Examining a Martha-daughter relationship – SWI |publisher=Swissinfo.ch |date=24 January 2013 |access-date=4 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924112529/http://www.swissinfo.ch/directdemocracy/48th-solothurn-film-festival_examining-a-martha-daughter-relationship/34795316 |archive-date=24 September 2015 }}</ref><ref>In a 2001 article about Martha Argerich for ''[[The New Yorker]]'', critic [[Alex Ross (music critic)|Alex Ross]] wrote: "Argerich brings to bear qualities that are seldom contained in one person: she is a pianist of brain-teasing technical agility; she is a charismatic woman with an enigmatic reputation; she is an unaffected interpreter whose native language is music. This last may be the quality that sets her apart. A lot of pianists play huge double octaves; a lot of pianists photograph well. But few have the unerring naturalness of phrasing that allows them to embody the music rather than interpret it."</ref> Her performance of [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Liszt)|Liszt's First Piano Concerto]] conducted by [[Daniel Barenboim]] at [[The Proms]] 2016 prompted this review in ''[[The Guardian]]'': "It was an unforgettable performance. Argerich celebrated her 75th birthday in June this year, but that news doesn't seem to have reached her fingers. Her playing is still as dazzling, as frighteningly precise, as it has always been; her ability to spin gossamer threads of melody as matchless as ever. This was unmistakably and unashamedly Liszt in the grand manner, a bit old-fashioned and sometimes even a bit vulgar at times, but in this of all concertos, with Barenboim and the orchestra following each twist and turn, every little quickening and moment of expressive reflection, it seemed entirely appropriate".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/aug/18/west-eastern-divan-orchestra-barenboim-argerich-review-prom-43-royal-albert-hall |title=West-Eastern Divan Orchestra/Barenboim/Argerich review – extraordinary in every respect|newspaper=The Guardian|date=18 August 2016 |access-date=15 November 2016}}</ref> Argerich returned to the Proms at the age of 78 in 2019 to perform [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]'s First Piano Concerto under the baton of Barenboim, a performance described as "mesmerizing".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/aug/13/prom-34-west-eastern-divan-orchestra-barenboim-argerich-review|title=Prom 34: West-Eastern Divan Orch/Barenboim/Argerich review – immaculate and mesmerising|first=Andrew|last=Clements|newspaper=The Guardian |date=13 August 2019|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref>
== Personal life ==
[[File:Martha Argerich presents herself in Tel Aviv.webm|thumb|Argerich introduces herself, 2018]]
{{ external media|float=center|width=210px|audio1=You may hear Martha Argerich performing [[Johann Sebastian Bach]]'s [[Partitas for keyboard (Bach)|Partita No. 2 in C minor, BWV 826]] [https://archive.org/details/MarthaArgerichBachPartita2bwv8261Sinfonia.GraveAdagio-Andante '''Here on archive.org''']}}
Argerich's first marriage was to composer-conductor Robert Chen, ({{zh|c=陈亮声 |s=|t=|p=Chén Liàngshēng}})<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.163.com/09/1226/07/5RENQBH5000120GR.html|publisher=News.163.com|title=二十八国华人演奏家"百鸟还巢"|access-date=11 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021200144/http://news.163.com/09/1226/07/5RENQBH5000120GR.html|archive-date=21 October 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> with whom she had her first child--violinist Lyda Chen-Argerich.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lyda Chen-Argerich, violinist |url=http://www.sensmanagement.com/lyda-chen-argerich_6.html |publisher=Sens Management |access-date=2 July 2014 |archive-date=3 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003111408/http://www.sensmanagement.com/lyda-chen-argerich_6.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The marriage was dissolved after several months, in 1964.<ref name=People1980 /> From 1969 to 1973, Argerich was married to Swiss conductor [[Charles Dutoit]], with whom she had her second daughter, Annie Dutoit. Although they separated in 1973, Argerich and Dutoit continued to collaborate. In the 1970s, Argerich had a relationship with American pianist [[Stephen Kovacevich]],<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/features/article/martha-argerich-speaks-to-stephen-kovacevich-gramophone-november-2008-with-jeremy-nicholas |title=Martha Argerich Speaks to Stephen Kovacevich|website=Gramophone.co.uk | date=November 2008 | access-date=17 July 2020}}</ref> with whom she had her third daughter, Stéphanie.<ref name=People1980>{{cite web |url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20076190,00.html |title=A Top Woman Pianist, Martha Argerich, Nearly Gave Up Her Steinway for Steno |last1=Hauptfuhrer |first1=Fred |last2=Vespa |first2=Mary |date=7 April 1980 |publisher=people.com |access-date=2 July 2014}}</ref> Although they made few recordings together during their relationship, Argerich and Kovacevich still frequently perform together.<ref>{{cite AV media |date=7 October 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_AVhqab1hE |title=Martha Argerich e Stephen Kovacevich – Leffest 2018 |publisher=Lisbon & Sintra Film Festival |via=YouTube |access-date=3 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127034050/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_AVhqab1hE |archive-date=27 November 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref> Stéphanie Argerich explains in her film ''Bloody Daughter'' that as her parents were not married, they tossed a coin to name their daughter, for which Argerich won the toss. Argerich brought her children up in a manner described by Annie Dutoit as "bohemian";<ref>{{cite AV media |date=27 June 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtJngu0XboM |title=Martha Argerich en concert privé – private concert [SSTEN, SSTFR, SSTDE] – ARTE Concert |publisher=ARTE Concert |via=YouTube |access-date=3 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907180332/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtJngu0XboM |archive-date=7 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> Argerich preferred her children to stay at home rather than go to school and would regularly host young musicians in her home and practice through the night.<ref name="Bloody Daughter" />
Argerich is a [[Multilingualism#In_individuals|polyglot]] and can speak [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[French language|French]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[German language|German]], [[English language|English]], and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]].<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DALYVYGaslA|title=2012 Verbier Festival – interview#16 – Martha Argerich|date=14 August 2012|publisher=[[medici.tv]]|access-date=3 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907175939/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DALYVYGaslA|archive-date=7 September 2021|url-status=live|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hcyc0W0UpME|title=Martha Argerich – RARE – Interview & rehearsal – Hamburg Laeiszhalle|date=11 April 2021|publisher=musicbox78nrw|access-date=3 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907172735/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hcyc0W0UpME|archive-date=7 September 2021|url-status=live|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yoj84wDpf2g|title=RSI – INTERVISTA A MARTHA ARGERICH|date=24 November 2012|publisher=Gerardo Nardelli|access-date=3 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907185152/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yoj84wDpf2g|archive-date=7 September 2021|url-status=live|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsB4LbBHQ08| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212053251/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsB4LbBHQ08| archive-date=12 December 2019 | url-status=dead|title=Nelson Freire e Marta Argerich tocando Racmaninoff Opus 2 ppara duas maos|date=31 January 2019|publisher=Daniel De Nardi|access-date=3 October 2021|via=YouTube}}</ref> Although her [[first language|mother tongue]] is Spanish, she brought her children up speaking French.<ref name="Bloody Daughter" /> She has lived in [[Argentina]], [[Belgium]], [[Switzerland]], and France, and holds [[citizenship]] in Switzerland and Argentina.<ref>[http://www.newwavefilms.co.uk/assets/976/ARGERICH_pressbook_update Argerich (Bloody Daughter)]</ref>
Argerich has never been connected to any political party.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.clarin.com/politica/reverso-real-video-martha-argerich-tocando-marcha-peronista_0_0V6VPbYwe.html|title=No, no es real este video de Martha Argerich tocando la marcha peronista|date=7 September 2019}}</ref> However, she stated in a 2019 interview that she is strongly against [[capital punishment]], and admires the French politician [[Robert Badinter]], who enacted the abolition of the death penalty in France.<ref>{{cite AV media |date=4 June 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xj3QJqIBI9M |title=Martha Argerich, in her own words (with English Subtitles) |publisher=Argerich Vault |via=YouTube |access-date=3 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907172720/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xj3QJqIBI9M |archive-date=7 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> Her friend pianist [[Daniel Barenboim]] stated that when he contacted the Argentine president [[Mauricio Macri]] in 2016, asking him to accept [[Syrian Refugees|Syrian refugees]] into the country, it was also on behalf of Argerich.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/aug/16/daniel-barenboim-on-ageing-mistakes-and-why-israel-and-iran-are-twin-brothers|title=Daniel Barenboim on ageing, mistakes and why Israel and Iran are twin brothers|website=[[TheGuardian.com]]|date=16 August 2016}}</ref>
In 1990, Argerich was diagnosed with [[malignant melanoma]]. After treatment, the cancer went into remission, but it recurred in 1995 and [[metastasis|metastasized]] to her lungs, pancreas, liver, brain and lymph nodes. Following an experimental treatment at the John Wayne Cancer Institute in [[Santa Monica]] pioneered by oncologist [[Donald Morton]], Argerich's cancer went into [[remission (medicine)|remission]] again. In gratitude, Argerich performed a recital at [[Carnegie Hall]] benefiting the institute.<ref>Toronto Globe and Mail, concert review, 28 March 2000</ref> {{As of|2022}}, Argerich remains cancer-free.<ref name="washingtonpost.com" />
== Media ==
In 2002, director {{ill|Georges Gachot|de}} released ''Martha Argerich: Conversation nocturne'' ''(Martha Argerich: Evening Talks)'', a documentary film about Argerich.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0384318/|title=Martha Argerich, conversation nocturne|via=www.imdb.com}}</ref> Stéphanie Argerich Blagojevic, using film she had shot since childhood, directed a 2012 documentary film about her mother, titled ''Bloody Daughter''.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/apr/30/argerich-film-review-classical-pianist-music-documentary | title=Argerich review – a daughter's honest portrait of her classical-pianist mother | work=The Guardian | author=Leslie Felperin | date=30 April 2015 | access-date=24 July 2015}}</ref>
== Awards ==
* [[Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition]]: 1st prize (1957)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.concorsobusoni.it/en-94-1984.aspx |title=Storia del Concorso – Fondazione Concorso Pianistico Internazionale Ferruccio Busoni |publisher=Concorsobusoni.it |access-date=21 October 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091114090627/http://www.concorsobusoni.it/en-94-1984.aspx |archive-date=14 November 2009 }}</ref>
* [[Geneva International Music Competition]]: 1st prize (1957)
* [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]]: 1st prize (1965)
* [[Arrau Medal|Claudio Arrau Memorial Medal]] (1997)
* Diamond [[Konex Award]] (1999) as the most important classical musician of the decade in Argentina
*[[Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)]]:
**[[Charles Dutoit]] (conductor), Martha Argerich, and the [[Montreal Symphony Orchestra]] for ''[[Sergei Prokofiev|Prokofiev]]: Piano Concertos [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Prokofiev)|Nos. 1]] and [[Piano Concerto No. 3 (Prokofiev)|3]]'' / ''[[Béla Bartók|Bartók]]'': ''[[Piano Concerto No. 3 (Bartók)|Piano Concerto No. 3]]'' ([[42nd Grammy Awards|2000]])
* [[Grammy Award for Best Chamber Music Performance]]:
**Martha Argerich and [[Mikhail Pletnev]] for ''[[Sergei Prokofiev|Prokofiev]] (Arr. Pletnev): Cinderella Suite for Two Pianos / [[Maurice Ravel|Ravel]]'': ''[[Ma mère l'Oye|Ma mere l'Oye]]'' ([[47th Grammy Awards|2005]])
* [[Order of the Rising Sun#4th Class, Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette|The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette]] (2005) Japan
* [[Praemium Imperiale]] (2005) Japan
* [[Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)]]:
**[[Claudio Abbado]] (conductor), Martha Argerich, and the [[Mahler Chamber Orchestra]] for ''Beethoven: Piano Concertos [[Piano Concerto No. 2 (Beethoven)|Nos. 2]] and [[Piano Concerto No. 3 (Beethoven)|3]]'' ([[48th Grammy Awards|2006]])
* Voted into ''[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]]''{{'}}s [[Gramophone Hall of Fame|Hall of Fame]] (2012)<ref>{{cite web|title=Gramophone Hall of Fame : Artists Page|url=http://www.gramophone.co.uk/HallofFame/ArtistPage/Argerich|publisher=Gramophone.co.uk|access-date=11 April 2012}}</ref>
* Recipient of [[The Kennedy Center Honors]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kennedy-center.org/pages/specialevents/honors |title=The Kennedy Center Honors |website=Kennedy-center.org |access-date=9 August 2016}}</ref>
* Recipient of [[Order of Merit of the Italian Republic]] (2018)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/18425 | title=Concerto in onore di Zubin Mehta | publisher=Presidenza della Repubblica (Italy) | date=24 October 2018 | access-date=8 December 2018}}</ref>
== See also ==
{{Portal|Music}}
*[[Great Pianists of the 20th Century – Martha Argerich]]
*[[Great Pianists of the 20th Century – Martha Argerich II]]
*[[List of Argentines]]
== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=n}}
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiquote}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061214163619/http://www.andrys.com/argerich.html "Argerich—Discography," (August 11, 1999)]
*[http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2001/11/12/011112crmu_music Ross, Alex; 'Madame X', November 12, 2001], a profile of Argerich in ''[[The New Yorker]]''
*[http://www.gachot.ch/gachot_argerich.html ''Martha Argerich, evening talks''], the award-winning documentary film about Argerich by [http://www.gachot.ch/l ''Georges Gachot'']{{Dead link|date=December 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} – ([http://imdb.com/title/tt0384318/ imdb link])
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101205130955/http://www.andrys.com/argerich/ar-orga.html Orga, Ates, ''River Plate Queen'' (1978, 2006)], an interview with Argerich first published in the 1979 ''International Music Guide''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080430051325/http://www.argerich-mf.jp/english.html MUSIC FESTIVAL Argerich's Meeting Point in Beppu], a music festival sponsored by the Argerich Arts Foundation of [[Beppu, Ōita|Beppu, Japan]]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050305073845/http://www.rtsi.ch/trasm/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1 The Martha Argerich Project]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110612055413/http://andrys.com/argerich/ Argerich Music news, concert schedule, articles, recordings]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100408052855/http://home.swipnet.se/bjorn_ostlund/argerich_repertoire.htm Argerich's repertoire through the years]
*[http://www.cosmopolis.ch/english/cosmo14/argerich.htm Martha Argerich biography, CD and concert review by cosmopolis.ch]
*[http://www.euronews.net/2009/06/15/martha-argerich-project-brings-talent-to-lugano/ Martha Argerich Project Brings Talent to Lugano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217103729/http://www.euronews.net/2009/06/15/martha-argerich-project-brings-talent-to-lugano/ |date=17 February 2012 }} by ''Euro News'', 15 June 2009
{{Winners of the Chopin Competition}}
{{Kennedy Center Honorees 2010s}}
{{Great Pianists of the 20th Century}}
{{Gramophone Hall of Fame}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Argerich, Martha}}
[[Category:1941 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Argentine musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century classical pianists]]
[[Category:21st-century Argentine musicians]]
[[Category:21st-century classical pianists]]
[[Category:Argentine classical pianists]]
[[Category:Argentine people of Catalan descent]]
[[Category:Argentine people of Russian-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Argentine women pianists]]
[[Category:Child classical musicians]]
[[Category:Deutsche Grammophon artists]]
[[Category:EMI Classics and Virgin Classics artists]]
[[Category:Grammy Award winners]]
[[Category:Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music]]
[[Category:Illustrious Citizens of Buenos Aires]]
[[Category:International Chopin Piano Competition winners]]
[[Category:Jewish Argentine musicians]]
[[Category:Jewish classical pianists]]
[[Category:Jewish women musicians]]
[[Category:Kennedy Center honorees]]
[[Category:Musicians from Buenos Aires]]
[[Category:Prize-winners of the Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition]]
[[Category:Pupils of Maria Curcio]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun, 4th class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Praemium Imperiale]]
[[Category:Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medallists]]
[[Category:Women classical pianists]]
[[Category:Winners of the Geneva International Music Competition]]
[[Category:Decca Records artists]]
[[Category:20th-century women pianists]]
[[Category:21st-century women pianists]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Short description|Argentine pianist (born 1941)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Infobox musical artist
| image = Martha argerich photo (cropped).jpg
| caption = Argerich in 2015
| name = Martha Argerich
| birth_date = {{died 1957e and age|1941|6|5|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Buenos Aires]], Argentina
| spouse = {{unbulleted list|{{marriage|Robert Chen|1964|1964|end=divorced}}|{{marriage|[[Charles Dutoit]]|1969|1973|end=divorced}}}}
| occupation = Musician
| instrument = Piano
| genre = [[Classical music|Classical]]
| label = {{hlist|[[Deutsche Grammophon]]|[[Warner Classics]]|[[Philips Classics Records|Philips]]}}
}}
'''Martha Argerich''' ({{IPA-es|ˈmaɾta aɾxeˈɾitʃ}}; Eastern Catalan: [[Help:IPA/Catalan|[əɾʒəˈɾik]]]; born 5 June 1941) is an Argentine classical [[concert pianist]]. She is widely considered to be one of the greatest pianists of all time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 20 Greatest Pianists of all time | Classical-Music.com |url=http://www.classical-music.com/article/20-greatest-pianists-all-time |website=www.classical-music.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The 25 best piano players of all time |url=https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/instruments/piano/best-pianists-ever/ |access-date=24 October 2021 |website=Classic FM |language=en}}</ref> Born and raised in [[Buenos Aires]] to Jewish-Spanish parents, Argerich gave her debut concert at eight before receiving further piano training in Europe. At an early age, she won several competitions, including the [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]], and has since recorded numerous albums and performed with leading orchestras worldwide.
== Early life and education ==
[[File:Martha Argerich NYWTS.jpg|thumb|Argerich in 1962]]
[[Argerich]] was born in [[Buenos Aires]].<ref>{{Cite news|title = An Enigmatic Pianist Reclaims Her Stardom|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/25/arts/an-enigmatic-pianist-reclaims-her-stardom.html|newspaper = The New York Times|date = 25 March 2000|access-date = 4 February 2016|issn = 0362-4331|first = Anthony|last = Tommasini}}</ref> Her paternal ancestors were [[Spaniards]] from [[Catalonia]] who had been based in [[Buenos Aires]] since the 18th century. Her maternal grandparents were Jewish immigrants from the [[Russian Empire]], who settled in Colonia Villa Clara in Argentina's [[Entre Ríos Province]], one of the colonies established by [[Maurice de Hirsch|Baron de Hirsch]] and the [[Jewish Colonization Association]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.lavozylaopinion.com.ar/cgi-bin/medios/vernota.cgi?medio=lavoz&numero=Mayo2012¬a=Mayo2012-3 |title=La vida de una pianista única: "Martha Argerich" por Moshé Korin |publisher=Lavozylaopinion.com.ar |access-date=21 October 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130801143652/http://www.lavozylaopinion.com.ar/cgi-bin/medios/vernota.cgi?medio=lavoz&numero=Mayo2012¬a=Mayo2012-3 |archive-date=1 August 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://owl-ge.ch/arts-scenes/spip.php?article1941 |title=Portrait : Martha Argerich – Arts-Scènes |publisher=Owl-ge.ch |access-date=21 October 2013 |archive-date=19 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219170213/http://owl-ge.ch/arts-scenes/spip.php?article1941 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The provenance of the name ''[[Argerich]]'' is Catalonia.
A precocious child, Argerich began kindergarten at the age of two years and eight months, where she was the youngest child. A five-year-old boy, who was a friend, teased her that she would not be able to play the piano, and Argerich responded by playing perfectly, by ear, a piece their teacher played them. The teacher immediately called the mother and they "started making a fuss." Argerich started learning the piano at the age of three.<ref name="Dean Interview">{{cite web |url=http://www.andrys.com/arg-1979.html |first=Dean |last=Elder |title=Excerpts from "The Mercurial Martha Argerich" |date=5 February 1978 |access-date=23 August 2020 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000607073630/http://www.andrys.com/arg-1979.html |archive-date=7 June 2000}}</ref> At the age of five, she moved to teacher [[Vincenzo Scaramuzza]], who stressed to her the importance of lyricism and feeling. Argerich gave her debut concert in 1949 at the age of eight. The family moved to Europe in 1955, where Argerich studied with [[Friedrich Gulda]] in Austria, whom Argerich describes as one of her major influences. She later studied with [[Stefan Askenase]] and [[Maria Curcio]].<ref>{{cite news|author=Niel Immelman |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2009/apr/14/obituary-maria-curcio |title=The Guardian, 14 April 2009 |newspaper=Guardian |date= 14 April 2009|access-date=4 January 2012 |location=London}}</ref> Argerich also seized opportunities for brief periods of coaching with Madeleine Lipatti (widow of [[Dinu Lipatti]]), [[Abbey Simon]], and [[Nikita Magaloff]].<ref>Manildi, Donald [http://www.musicalamerica.com/features/?fid=66&fyear=2001 Musician of the Year 2001 Martha Argerich], "Musical America", 2001</ref> In 1957, at sixteen, she won both the [[Geneva International Music Competition]] and the [[Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition|Ferruccio Busoni International Competition]] within three weeks of each other.{{#tag:ref|At the latter she met [[Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli]], whom she would later seek out for lessons – although she studied with him for over a year, she only had four lessons with him. Michelangeli, when asked what he had done for Argerich, replied: "I taught her the gift of silence".<ref name="Sweeting">{{cite news | url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/9370c7e4-a31f-11e0-a9a4-00144feabdc0.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/9370c7e4-a31f-11e0-a9a4-00144feabdc0.html |archive-date=10 December 2022 |url-access=subscription | title=Strains of mood music | work=Financial Times | author=Andrew Clark | date=8 July 2011 | access-date=24 July 2015}}</ref>|group=n}}
Following this success, Argerich had a personal and artistic crisis. After an abortive attempt to study with the Italian pianist [[Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli]], who gave her only four lessons in the space of 18 months, she went to [[New York City]], hoping but failing to meet and study with her idol, [[Vladimir Horowitz]].<ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/martha-argerich-is-a-legend-of-the-classical-music-world-but-she-doesnt-act-like-one/2016/12/01/117095b4-b104-11e6-be1c-8cec35b1ad25_story.html|title=Martha Argerich is a legend of the classical music world. But she doesn't act like one.|last1=Midgette|first1=Anne|date=1 December 2016|newspaper=The Washington Post|language=en-US|issn=0190-8286|access-date=23 January 2017}}</ref> She did not play the piano for three years and considered giving it up to train as a secretary or [[medical doctor|doctor]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.capradio.org/100037|title=Artist Of The Week: Martha Argerich|first=Kevin|last=Doherty|website=www.capradio.org}}</ref> She credited Anny Askenase, the wife of [[Stefan Askenase]], with encouraging her to return to the piano.<ref name="Dean Interview" />
== Professional career ==
[[File:7th Porn competitions- Martha Argerich.jpg|thumb|Argerich during a rehearsal with the orchestra for the final of the [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]], 1965]]
Argerich performed her debut concert at the age of eight, playing Mozart's [[Piano Concerto No. 20 (Mozart)|Piano Concerto No. 20]] in D minor and [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Beethoven)|Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 1]] in [[C major]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Argerich-Martha.htm|title=Martha Argerich (Piano) – Short Biography|website=Bach-cantatas.com|access-date=19 November 2017}}</ref> Argerich gained international prominence when she won the [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]] in [[Warsaw]] in 1965, at age 24.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/lioness-of-the-piano-martha-argerich-turns-80/a-57779104 |title='Lioness' of piano: Martha Argerich turns 80 |website=dw.com |author=Anastassia Boutsko |date=6 April 2021 |access-date=12 October 2023}}</ref> In that same year, she debuted in the United States in [[Lincoln Center]]'s Great Performers Series. In 1960, she had made her first commercial recording, which included works by [[Frédéric Chopin|Chopin]], [[Johannes Brahms|Brahms]], [[Maurice Ravel|Ravel]], [[Sergei Prokofiev|Prokofiev]], and [[Franz Liszt|Liszt]]; it received critical acclaim upon its release in 1961. She has since recorded works by composers including [[Ginastera]], [[Rachmaninoff]] and [[Schumann]], to whom she describes feeling a particular connection.<ref name="Bloody Daughter">"Bloody Daughter"</ref>
Argerich has often remarked in interviews of feeling "lonely" on stage during solo performances.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8sPD1cma58w | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202135058/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8sPD1cma58w| archive-date=2 February 2014 | url-status=dead|title=YouTube |publisher=YouTube |access-date=21 October 2013}}</ref> Since the 1980s, she has staged few solo performances, concentrating instead on [[piano concerto|concertos]] and, in particular, [[chamber music]], and collaborating with instrumentalists in [[sonata (music)|sonatas]].
[[File:Martha Argerich concierto.jpg|thumb|Argerich performing at the later [[Kirchner Cultural Centre]], 2008]]
Argerich has also promoted younger pianists, both through her annual festival and through her appearances as a member of the jury at international competitions.<ref name="About ICC">{{cite web|title=About|url=http://konkurs.chopin.pl/en/about/competition|publisher=Chopin International Competition|access-date=17 January 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130707105707/http://konkurs.chopin.pl/en/about/competition|archive-date=7 July 2013}}</ref><ref name="ASU Jury">{{cite web|title=Jury|url=http://herbergerinstitute.asu.edu/pianocompetition/2013/jury.php|publisher=ASU Competition|access-date=17 January 2014|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140521032131/http://herbergerinstitute.asu.edu/pianocompetition/2013/jury.php|archive-date=21 May 2014}}</ref><ref name="AR Competition">{{cite web|title=Ninth Competition|url=http://www.arims.org.il/ninth.php|publisher=Arthur Rubinstein Competition|access-date=17 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130930200115/http://www.arims.org.il/ninth.php|archive-date=30 September 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> The pianist [[Ivo Pogorelić]] was thrust into the musical spotlight partly as a result of Argerich's actions: after he was eliminated in the third round of the [[X International Chopin Piano Competition|1980 International Chopin Piano Competition]] in [[Warsaw]], Argerich proclaimed him a genius and left the jury in protest.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=McCormick|first=Lisa|date=2018|title=Pogorelich at the Chopin: Towards a sociology of competition scandals|journal=The Chopin Review|publisher=[[Fryderyk Chopin Institute]]|issue=1|issn=2544-9249|url=http://chopinreview.com/pages/issue/7/1|access-date=29 July 2021|archive-date=27 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220127080742/http://chopinreview.com/pages/issue/7/1|url-status=dead}}</ref> According to [[Đặng Thái Sơn]], the eventual winner, Argerich made the "beautiful gesture" of sending a public telegram to the judging committee to congratulate him, after learning the final results.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Ho|first=Elijah|date=22 September 2011|title=Interview with Dang Thai Son|url= http://www.thecounterpoints.com/interviews/2015/9/15/interview-with-pianist-dang-thai-son |website=The Counterpoints}}</ref> She has supported several artists, including [[Gabriela Montero]], [[Mauricio Vallina]], [[Sergio Tiempo]], [[Roberto Carnevale]], [[Gabriele Baldocci]], and Christopher Falzone.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxxlJqI5idRkrS72BfVTK8A |title=Classicalrecitals |publisher=YouTube |date=3 November 2009 |access-date=4 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=989 |title=Progetto Martha Argerich |language=it |publisher=Rsi.ch |access-date=4 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006174602/http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=989 |archive-date=6 October 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=1000 |title=Progetto Martha Argerich |language=it |publisher=Rsi.ch |access-date=4 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230134018/http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=1000 |archive-date=30 December 2010 }}</ref>
Argerich is the president of the [[International Piano Academy Lake Como]] and performs annually at the [[Lugano Festival]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www4.rsi.ch/trasm/argerich/welcome.cfm |title=Progetto Martha Argerich |language=it |publisher=.rsi.ch |access-date=4 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151104084319/http://www4.rsi.ch/trasm/argerich/welcome.cfm |archive-date=4 November 2015 }}</ref> She has also created and been a General Director of the Argerich Music Festival and Encounter in [[Beppu]], Japan, since 1996.
[[File:Martha argerich cck jul15.jpg|thumb|Argerich performing at the [[Kirchner Cultural Centre]], July 2015]]
Her aversion to the press and publicity has resulted in her remaining out of the limelight for most of her career. Nevertheless, she is widely recognized as one of the greatest pianists in history.<ref name="Alex Ross New Yorker profile">{{cite news |last=Ross |first=Alex |title=Madame X|url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2001/11/12/011112crmu_music |access-date=15 January 2014 |newspaper=The New Yorker |date=12 November 2001 |author-link=Alex Ross (music critic)}}</ref><ref name="2005 Tommasini review">{{cite news |last=Tommasini |first=Anthony |title=Classical Music: Recordings; Boisterous Beethoven, Brooding Brahms |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A05E7D7123CF933A15750C0A9639C8B63&ref=marthaargerich |access-date=15 January 2014 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=20 March 2005 |author-link=Anthony Tommasini}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Carrizo |first=Rodrigo |url=http://www.swissinfo.ch/directdemocracy/48th-solothurn-film-festival_examining-a-martha-daughter-relationship/34795316 |title=Examining a Martha-daughter relationship – SWI |publisher=Swissinfo.ch |date=24 January 2013 |access-date=4 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924112529/http://www.swissinfo.ch/directdemocracy/48th-solothurn-film-festival_examining-a-martha-daughter-relationship/34795316 |archive-date=24 September 2015 }}</ref><ref>In a 2001 article about Martha Argerich for ''[[The New Yorker]]'', critic [[Alex Ross (music critic)|Alex Ross]] wrote: "Argerich brings to bear qualities that are seldom contained in one person: she is a pianist of brain-teasing technical agility; she is a charismatic woman with an enigmatic reputation; she is an unaffected interpreter whose native language is music. This last may be the quality that sets her apart. A lot of pianists play huge double octaves; a lot of pianists photograph well. But few have the unerring naturalness of phrasing that allows them to embody the music rather than interpret it."</ref> Her performance of [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Liszt)|Liszt's First Piano Concerto]] conducted by [[Daniel Barenboim]] at [[The Proms]] 2016 prompted this review in ''[[The Guardian]]'': "It was an unforgettable performance. Argerich celebrated her 75th birthday in June this year, but that news doesn't seem to have reached her fingers. Her playing is still as dazzling, as frighteningly precise, as it has always been; her ability to spin gossamer threads of melody as matchless as ever. This was unmistakably and unashamedly Liszt in the grand manner, a bit old-fashioned and sometimes even a bit vulgar at times, but in this of all concertos, with Barenboim and the orchestra following each twist and turn, every little quickening and moment of expressive reflection, it seemed entirely appropriate".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/aug/18/west-eastern-divan-orchestra-barenboim-argerich-review-prom-43-royal-albert-hall |title=West-Eastern Divan Orchestra/Barenboim/Argerich review – extraordinary in every respect|newspaper=The Guardian|date=18 August 2016 |access-date=15 November 2016}}</ref> Argerich returned to the Proms at the age of 78 in 2019 to perform [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]'s First Piano Concerto under the baton of Barenboim, a performance described as "mesmerizing".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/aug/13/prom-34-west-eastern-divan-orchestra-barenboim-argerich-review|title=Prom 34: West-Eastern Divan Orch/Barenboim/Argerich review – immaculate and mesmerising|first=Andrew|last=Clements|newspaper=The Guardian |date=13 August 2019|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref>
== Personal life ==
[[File:Martha Argerich presents herself in Tel Aviv.webm|thumb|Argerich introduces herself, 2018]]
{{ external media|float=center|width=210px|audio1=You may hear Martha Argerich performing [[Johann Sebastian Bach]]'s [[Partitas for keyboard (Bach)|Partita No. 2 in C minor, BWV 826]] [https://archive.org/details/MarthaArgerichBachPartita2bwv8261Sinfonia.GraveAdagio-Andante '''Here on archive.org''']}}
Argerich's first marriage was to composer-conductor Robert Chen, ({{zh|c=陈亮声 |s=|t=|p=Chén Liàngshēng}})<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.163.com/09/1226/07/5RENQBH5000120GR.html|publisher=News.163.com|title=二十八国华人演奏家"百鸟还巢"|access-date=11 December 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021200144/http://news.163.com/09/1226/07/5RENQBH5000120GR.html|archive-date=21 October 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> with whom she had her first child--violinist Lyda Chen-Argerich.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lyda Chen-Argerich, violinist |url=http://www.sensmanagement.com/lyda-chen-argerich_6.html |publisher=Sens Management |access-date=2 July 2014 |archive-date=3 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003111408/http://www.sensmanagement.com/lyda-chen-argerich_6.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> The marriage was dissolved after several months, in 1964.<ref name=People1980 /> From 1969 to 1973, Argerich was married to Swiss conductor [[Charles Dutoit]], with whom she had her second daughter, Annie Dutoit. Although they separated in 1973, Argerich and Dutoit continued to collaborate. In the 1970s, Argerich had a relationship with American pianist [[Stephen Kovacevich]],<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.gramophone.co.uk/features/article/martha-argerich-speaks-to-stephen-kovacevich-gramophone-november-2008-with-jeremy-nicholas |title=Martha Argerich Speaks to Stephen Kovacevich|website=Gramophone.co.uk | date=November 2008 | access-date=17 July 2020}}</ref> with whom she had her third daughter, Stéphanie.<ref name=People1980>{{cite web |url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20076190,00.html |title=A Top Woman Pianist, Martha Argerich, Nearly Gave Up Her Steinway for Steno |last1=Hauptfuhrer |first1=Fred |last2=Vespa |first2=Mary |date=7 April 1980 |publisher=people.com |access-date=2 July 2014}}</ref> Although they made few recordings together during their relationship, Argerich and Kovacevich still frequently perform together.<ref>{{cite AV media |date=7 October 2019 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_AVhqab1hE |title=Martha Argerich e Stephen Kovacevich – Leffest 2018 |publisher=Lisbon & Sintra Film Festival |via=YouTube |access-date=3 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127034050/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_AVhqab1hE |archive-date=27 November 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref> Stéphanie Argerich explains in her film ''Bloody Daughter'' that as her parents were not married, they tossed a coin to name their daughter, for which Argerich won the toss. Argerich brought her children up in a manner described by Annie Dutoit as "bohemian";<ref>{{cite AV media |date=27 June 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtJngu0XboM |title=Martha Argerich en concert privé – private concert [SSTEN, SSTFR, SSTDE] – ARTE Concert |publisher=ARTE Concert |via=YouTube |access-date=3 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907180332/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtJngu0XboM |archive-date=7 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> Argerich preferred her children to stay at home rather than go to school and would regularly host young musicians in her home and practice through the night.<ref name="Bloody Daughter" />
Argerich is a [[Multilingualism#In_individuals|polyglot]] and can speak [[Spanish language|Spanish]], [[French language|French]], [[Italian language|Italian]], [[German language|German]], [[English language|English]], and [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]].<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DALYVYGaslA|title=2012 Verbier Festival – interview#16 – Martha Argerich|date=14 August 2012|publisher=[[medici.tv]]|access-date=3 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907175939/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DALYVYGaslA|archive-date=7 September 2021|url-status=live|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hcyc0W0UpME|title=Martha Argerich – RARE – Interview & rehearsal – Hamburg Laeiszhalle|date=11 April 2021|publisher=musicbox78nrw|access-date=3 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907172735/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hcyc0W0UpME|archive-date=7 September 2021|url-status=live|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yoj84wDpf2g|title=RSI – INTERVISTA A MARTHA ARGERICH|date=24 November 2012|publisher=Gerardo Nardelli|access-date=3 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907185152/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yoj84wDpf2g|archive-date=7 September 2021|url-status=live|via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsB4LbBHQ08| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191212053251/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsB4LbBHQ08| archive-date=12 December 2019 | url-status=dead|title=Nelson Freire e Marta Argerich tocando Racmaninoff Opus 2 ppara duas maos|date=31 January 2019|publisher=Daniel De Nardi|access-date=3 October 2021|via=YouTube}}</ref> Although her [[first language|mother tongue]] is Spanish, she brought her children up speaking French.<ref name="Bloody Daughter" /> She has lived in [[Argentina]], [[Belgium]], [[Switzerland]], and France, and holds [[citizenship]] in Switzerland and Argentina.<ref>[http://www.newwavefilms.co.uk/assets/976/ARGERICH_pressbook_update Argerich (Bloody Daughter)]</ref>
Argerich has never been connected to any political party.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.clarin.com/politica/reverso-real-video-martha-argerich-tocando-marcha-peronista_0_0V6VPbYwe.html|title=No, no es real este video de Martha Argerich tocando la marcha peronista|date=7 September 2019}}</ref> However, she stated in a 2019 interview that she is strongly against [[capital punishment]], and admires the French politician [[Robert Badinter]], who enacted the abolition of the death penalty in France.<ref>{{cite AV media |date=4 June 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xj3QJqIBI9M |title=Martha Argerich, in her own words (with English Subtitles) |publisher=Argerich Vault |via=YouTube |access-date=3 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210907172720/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xj3QJqIBI9M |archive-date=7 September 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> Her friend pianist [[Daniel Barenboim]] stated that when he contacted the Argentine president [[Mauricio Macri]] in 2016, asking him to accept [[Syrian Refugees|Syrian refugees]] into the country, it was also on behalf of Argerich.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/aug/16/daniel-barenboim-on-ageing-mistakes-and-why-israel-and-iran-are-twin-brothers|title=Daniel Barenboim on ageing, mistakes and why Israel and Iran are twin brothers|website=[[TheGuardian.com]]|date=16 August 2016}}</ref>
In 1990, Argerich was diagnosed with [[malignant melanoma]]. After treatment, the cancer went into remission, but it recurred in 1995 and [[metastasis|metastasized]] to her lungs, pancreas, liver, brain and lymph nodes. Following an experimental treatment at the John Wayne Cancer Institute in [[Santa Monica]] pioneered by oncologist [[Donald Morton]], Argerich's cancer went into [[remission (medicine)|remission]] again. In gratitude, Argerich performed a recital at [[Carnegie Hall]] benefiting the institute.<ref>Toronto Globe and Mail, concert review, 28 March 2000</ref> {{As of|2022}}, Argerich remains cancer-free.<ref name="washingtonpost.com" />
== Media ==
In 2002, director {{ill|Georges Gachot|de}} released ''Martha Argerich: Conversation nocturne'' ''(Martha Argerich: Evening Talks)'', a documentary film about Argerich.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0384318/|title=Martha Argerich, conversation nocturne|via=www.imdb.com}}</ref> Stéphanie Argerich Blagojevic, using film she had shot since childhood, directed a 2012 documentary film about her mother, titled ''Bloody Daughter''.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/apr/30/argerich-film-review-classical-pianist-music-documentary | title=Argerich review – a daughter's honest portrait of her classical-pianist mother | work=The Guardian | author=Leslie Felperin | date=30 April 2015 | access-date=24 July 2015}}</ref>
== Awards ==
* [[Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition]]: 1st prize (1957)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.concorsobusoni.it/en-94-1984.aspx |title=Storia del Concorso – Fondazione Concorso Pianistico Internazionale Ferruccio Busoni |publisher=Concorsobusoni.it |access-date=21 October 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091114090627/http://www.concorsobusoni.it/en-94-1984.aspx |archive-date=14 November 2009 }}</ref>
* [[Geneva International Music Competition]]: 1st prize (1957)
* [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]]: 1st prize (1965)
* [[Arrau Medal|Claudio Arrau Memorial Medal]] (1997)
* Diamond [[Konex Award]] (1999) as the most important classical musician of the decade in Argentina
*[[Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)]]:
**[[Charles Dutoit]] (conductor), Martha Argerich, and the [[Montreal Symphony Orchestra]] for ''[[Sergei Prokofiev|Prokofiev]]: Piano Concertos [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Prokofiev)|Nos. 1]] and [[Piano Concerto No. 3 (Prokofiev)|3]]'' / ''[[Béla Bartók|Bartók]]'': ''[[Piano Concerto No. 3 (Bartók)|Piano Concerto No. 3]]'' ([[42nd Grammy Awards|2000]])
* [[Grammy Award for Best Chamber Music Performance]]:
**Martha Argerich and [[Mikhail Pletnev]] for ''[[Sergei Prokofiev|Prokofiev]] (Arr. Pletnev): Cinderella Suite for Two Pianos / [[Maurice Ravel|Ravel]]'': ''[[Ma mère l'Oye|Ma mere l'Oye]]'' ([[47th Grammy Awards|2005]])
* [[Order of the Rising Sun#4th Class, Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette|The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette]] (2005) Japan
* [[Praemium Imperiale]] (2005) Japan
* [[Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)]]:
**[[Claudio Abbado]] (conductor), Martha Argerich, and the [[Mahler Chamber Orchestra]] for ''Beethoven: Piano Concertos [[Piano Concerto No. 2 (Beethoven)|Nos. 2]] and [[Piano Concerto No. 3 (Beethoven)|3]]'' ([[48th Grammy Awards|2006]])
* Voted into ''[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]]''{{'}}s [[Gramophone Hall of Fame|Hall of Fame]] (2012)<ref>{{cite web|title=Gramophone Hall of Fame : Artists Page|url=http://www.gramophone.co.uk/HallofFame/ArtistPage/Argerich|publisher=Gramophone.co.uk|access-date=11 April 2012}}</ref>
* Recipient of [[The Kennedy Center Honors]] (2016)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kennedy-center.org/pages/specialevents/honors |title=The Kennedy Center Honors |website=Kennedy-center.org |access-date=9 August 2016}}</ref>
* Recipient of [[Order of Merit of the Italian Republic]] (2018)<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/18425 | title=Concerto in onore di Zubin Mehta | publisher=Presidenza della Repubblica (Italy) | date=24 October 2018 | access-date=8 December 2018}}</ref>
== See also ==
{{Portal|Music}}
*[[Great Pianists of the 20th Century – Martha Argerich]]
*[[Great Pianists of the 20th Century – Martha Argerich II]]
*[[List of Argentines]]
== Notes ==
{{reflist|group=n}}
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikiquote}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20061214163619/http://www.andrys.com/argerich.html "Argerich—Discography," (August 11, 1999)]
*[http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2001/11/12/011112crmu_music Ross, Alex; 'Madame X', November 12, 2001], a profile of Argerich in ''[[The New Yorker]]''
*[http://www.gachot.ch/gachot_argerich.html ''Martha Argerich, evening talks''], the award-winning documentary film about Argerich by [http://www.gachot.ch/l ''Georges Gachot'']{{Dead link|date=December 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} – ([http://imdb.com/title/tt0384318/ imdb link])
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20101205130955/http://www.andrys.com/argerich/ar-orga.html Orga, Ates, ''River Plate Queen'' (1978, 2006)], an interview with Argerich first published in the 1979 ''International Music Guide''
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080430051325/http://www.argerich-mf.jp/english.html MUSIC FESTIVAL Argerich's Meeting Point in Beppu], a music festival sponsored by the Argerich Arts Foundation of [[Beppu, Ōita|Beppu, Japan]]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050305073845/http://www.rtsi.ch/trasm/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1 The Martha Argerich Project]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110612055413/http://andrys.com/argerich/ Argerich Music news, concert schedule, articles, recordings]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20100408052855/http://home.swipnet.se/bjorn_ostlund/argerich_repertoire.htm Argerich's repertoire through the years]
*[http://www.cosmopolis.ch/english/cosmo14/argerich.htm Martha Argerich biography, CD and concert review by cosmopolis.ch]
*[http://www.euronews.net/2009/06/15/martha-argerich-project-brings-talent-to-lugano/ Martha Argerich Project Brings Talent to Lugano] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217103729/http://www.euronews.net/2009/06/15/martha-argerich-project-brings-talent-to-lugano/ |date=17 February 2012 }} by ''Euro News'', 15 June 2009
{{Winners of the Chopin Competition}}
{{Kennedy Center Honorees 2010s}}
{{Great Pianists of the 20th Century}}
{{Gramophone Hall of Fame}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Argerich, Martha}}
[[Category:1941 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:20th-century Argentine musicians]]
[[Category:20th-century classical pianists]]
[[Category:21st-century Argentine musicians]]
[[Category:21st-century classical pianists]]
[[Category:Argentine classical pianists]]
[[Category:Argentine people of Catalan descent]]
[[Category:Argentine people of Russian-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:Argentine women pianists]]
[[Category:Child classical musicians]]
[[Category:Deutsche Grammophon artists]]
[[Category:EMI Classics and Virgin Classics artists]]
[[Category:Grammy Award winners]]
[[Category:Honorary Members of the Royal Academy of Music]]
[[Category:Illustrious Citizens of Buenos Aires]]
[[Category:International Chopin Piano Competition winners]]
[[Category:Jewish Argentine musicians]]
[[Category:Jewish classical pianists]]
[[Category:Jewish women musicians]]
[[Category:Kennedy Center honorees]]
[[Category:Musicians from Buenos Aires]]
[[Category:Prize-winners of the Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition]]
[[Category:Pupils of Maria Curcio]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun, 4th class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Praemium Imperiale]]
[[Category:Royal Philharmonic Society Gold Medallists]]
[[Category:Women classical pianists]]
[[Category:Winners of the Geneva International Music Competition]]
[[Category:Decca Records artists]]
[[Category:20th-century women pianists]]
[[Category:21st-century women pianists]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@
== Professional career ==
-[[File:7th Chopin Competition - Martha Argerich.jpg|thumb|Argerich during a rehearsal with the orchestra for the final of the [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]], 1965]]
+[[File:7th Porn competitions- Martha Argerich.jpg|thumb|Argerich during a rehearsal with the orchestra for the final of the [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]], 1965]]
Argerich performed her debut concert at the age of eight, playing Mozart's [[Piano Concerto No. 20 (Mozart)|Piano Concerto No. 20]] in D minor and [[Piano Concerto No. 1 (Beethoven)|Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 1]] in [[C major]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Argerich-Martha.htm|title=Martha Argerich (Piano) – Short Biography|website=Bach-cantatas.com|access-date=19 November 2017}}</ref> Argerich gained international prominence when she won the [[VII International Chopin Piano Competition]] in [[Warsaw]] in 1965, at age 24.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.dw.com/en/lioness-of-the-piano-martha-argerich-turns-80/a-57779104 |title='Lioness' of piano: Martha Argerich turns 80 |website=dw.com |author=Anastassia Boutsko |date=6 April 2021 |access-date=12 October 2023}}</ref> In that same year, she debuted in the United States in [[Lincoln Center]]'s Great Performers Series. In 1960, she had made her first commercial recording, which included works by [[Frédéric Chopin|Chopin]], [[Johannes Brahms|Brahms]], [[Maurice Ravel|Ravel]], [[Sergei Prokofiev|Prokofiev]], and [[Franz Liszt|Liszt]]; it received critical acclaim upon its release in 1961. She has since recorded works by composers including [[Ginastera]], [[Rachmaninoff]] and [[Schumann]], to whom she describes feeling a particular connection.<ref name="Bloody Daughter">"Bloody Daughter"</ref>
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Argentine pianist (born 1941)</div>
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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066479718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard plainlist"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #b0c4de; font-size: 125%;"><div class="">Martha Argerich</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Martha_argerich_photo_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Argerich in 2015"><img alt="Argerich in 2015" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Martha_argerich_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Martha_argerich_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Martha_argerich_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Martha_argerich_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Martha_argerich_photo_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="413" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Argerich in 2015</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #b0c4de">Background information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Template:Died_1957e_and_age&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Died 1957e and age (page does not exist)">Template:Died 1957e and age</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, Argentina</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">Classical</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Musician</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Instrument(s)</th><td class="infobox-data note">Piano</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Labels</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deutsche_Grammophon" title="Deutsche Grammophon">Deutsche Grammophon</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Warner_Classics" title="Warner Classics">Warner Classics</a></li><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Philips_Classics_Records" title="Philips Classics Records">Philips</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Spouse(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output 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<div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Robert Chen</div>
<div class="marriage-line-margin2px">​</div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;">​</div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1964; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1964)<wbr />​</div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712">
<div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charles_Dutoit" title="Charles Dutoit">Charles Dutoit</a></div>
<div class="marriage-line-margin2px">​</div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;">​</div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1969; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1973)<wbr />​</div></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Musical artist</div>
<p><b>Martha Argerich</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Spanish pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[ˈmaɾta<span class="wrap"> </span>aɾxeˈɾitʃ]</a></span>; Eastern Catalan: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:IPA/Catalan" title="Help:IPA/Catalan">[əɾʒəˈɾik]</a>; born 5 June 1941) is an Argentine classical <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Concert_pianist" class="mw-redirect" title="Concert pianist">concert pianist</a>. She is widely considered to be one of the greatest pianists of all time.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> Born and raised in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a> to Jewish-Spanish parents, Argerich gave her debut concert at eight before receiving further piano training in Europe. At an early age, she won several competitions, including the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/VII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="VII International Chopin Piano Competition">VII International Chopin Piano Competition</a>, and has since recorded numerous albums and performed with leading orchestras worldwide.
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<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Early_life_and_education"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Early life and education</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Professional_career"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Professional career</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Personal_life"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Personal life</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Media"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Media</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Awards"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Awards</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Martha_Argerich_NYWTS.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Martha_Argerich_NYWTS.jpg/220px-Martha_Argerich_NYWTS.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Martha_Argerich_NYWTS.jpg/330px-Martha_Argerich_NYWTS.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Martha_Argerich_NYWTS.jpg/440px-Martha_Argerich_NYWTS.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1595" data-file-height="2382" /></a><figcaption>Argerich in 1962</figcaption></figure>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Argerich" title="Argerich">Argerich</a> was born in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> Her paternal ancestors were <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spaniards" title="Spaniards">Spaniards</a> from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a> who had been based in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a> since the 18th century. Her maternal grandparents were Jewish immigrants from the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, who settled in Colonia Villa Clara in Argentina's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Entre_R%C3%ADos_Province" title="Entre Ríos Province">Entre Ríos Province</a>, one of the colonies established by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maurice_de_Hirsch" title="Maurice de Hirsch">Baron de Hirsch</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jewish_Colonization_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish Colonization Association">Jewish Colonization Association</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> The provenance of the name <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Argerich" title="Argerich">Argerich</a></i> is Catalonia.
</p><p>A precocious child, Argerich began kindergarten at the age of two years and eight months, where she was the youngest child. A five-year-old boy, who was a friend, teased her that she would not be able to play the piano, and Argerich responded by playing perfectly, by ear, a piece their teacher played them. The teacher immediately called the mother and they "started making a fuss." Argerich started learning the piano at the age of three.<sup id="cite_ref-Dean_Interview_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dean_Interview-6">[6]</a></sup> At the age of five, she moved to teacher <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vincenzo_Scaramuzza" title="Vincenzo Scaramuzza">Vincenzo Scaramuzza</a>, who stressed to her the importance of lyricism and feeling. Argerich gave her debut concert in 1949 at the age of eight. The family moved to Europe in 1955, where Argerich studied with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Friedrich_Gulda" title="Friedrich Gulda">Friedrich Gulda</a> in Austria, whom Argerich describes as one of her major influences. She later studied with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stefan_Askenase" title="Stefan Askenase">Stefan Askenase</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maria_Curcio" title="Maria Curcio">Maria Curcio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> Argerich also seized opportunities for brief periods of coaching with Madeleine Lipatti (widow of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dinu_Lipatti" title="Dinu Lipatti">Dinu Lipatti</a>), <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Abbey_Simon" title="Abbey Simon">Abbey Simon</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nikita_Magaloff" title="Nikita Magaloff">Nikita Magaloff</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> In 1957, at sixteen, she won both the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Geneva_International_Music_Competition" title="Geneva International Music Competition">Geneva International Music Competition</a> and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ferruccio_Busoni_International_Piano_Competition" title="Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition">Ferruccio Busoni International Competition</a> within three weeks of each other.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[n 1]</a></sup>
</p><p>Following this success, Argerich had a personal and artistic crisis. After an abortive attempt to study with the Italian pianist <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arturo_Benedetti_Michelangeli" title="Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli">Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli</a>, who gave her only four lessons in the space of 18 months, she went to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, hoping but failing to meet and study with her idol, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vladimir_Horowitz" title="Vladimir Horowitz">Vladimir Horowitz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-washingtonpost.com_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-11">[10]</a></sup> She did not play the piano for three years and considered giving it up to train as a secretary or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Medical_doctor" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical doctor">doctor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a></sup> She credited Anny Askenase, the wife of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stefan_Askenase" title="Stefan Askenase">Stefan Askenase</a>, with encouraging her to return to the piano.<sup id="cite_ref-Dean_Interview_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dean_Interview-6">[6]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Professional_career">Professional career</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:Error mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Upload?wpDestFile=7th_Porn_competitions-_Martha_Argerich.jpg" class="new" title="File:7th Porn competitions- Martha Argerich.jpg"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="180">File:7th Porn competitions- Martha Argerich.jpg</span></a><figcaption>Argerich during a rehearsal with the orchestra for the final of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/VII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="VII International Chopin Piano Competition">VII International Chopin Piano Competition</a>, 1965</figcaption></figure>
<p>Argerich performed her debut concert at the age of eight, playing Mozart's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._20_(Mozart)" title="Piano Concerto No. 20 (Mozart)">Piano Concerto No. 20</a> in D minor and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._1_(Beethoven)" title="Piano Concerto No. 1 (Beethoven)">Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 1</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/C_major" title="C major">C major</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a></sup> Argerich gained international prominence when she won the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/VII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="VII International Chopin Piano Competition">VII International Chopin Piano Competition</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> in 1965, at age 24.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a></sup> In that same year, she debuted in the United States in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lincoln_Center" title="Lincoln Center">Lincoln Center</a>'s Great Performers Series. In 1960, she had made her first commercial recording, which included works by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin" title="Frédéric Chopin">Chopin</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel">Ravel</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sergei_Prokofiev" title="Sergei Prokofiev">Prokofiev</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Franz_Liszt" title="Franz Liszt">Liszt</a>; it received critical acclaim upon its release in 1961. She has since recorded works by composers including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ginastera" class="mw-redirect" title="Ginastera">Ginastera</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rachmaninoff" class="mw-redirect" title="Rachmaninoff">Rachmaninoff</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Schumann" class="mw-redirect" title="Schumann">Schumann</a>, to whom she describes feeling a particular connection.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloody_Daughter_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloody_Daughter-15">[14]</a></sup>
</p><p>Argerich has often remarked in interviews of feeling "lonely" on stage during solo performances.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a></sup> Since the 1980s, she has staged few solo performances, concentrating instead on <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano_concerto" title="Piano concerto">concertos</a> and, in particular, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chamber_music" title="Chamber music">chamber music</a>, and collaborating with instrumentalists in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sonata_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonata (music)">sonatas</a>.
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<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Martha_Argerich_concierto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Martha_Argerich_concierto.jpg/220px-Martha_Argerich_concierto.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Martha_Argerich_concierto.jpg/330px-Martha_Argerich_concierto.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Martha_Argerich_concierto.jpg/440px-Martha_Argerich_concierto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1770" data-file-height="1257" /></a><figcaption>Argerich performing at the later <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kirchner_Cultural_Centre" title="Kirchner Cultural Centre">Kirchner Cultural Centre</a>, 2008</figcaption></figure>
<p>Argerich has also promoted younger pianists, both through her annual festival and through her appearances as a member of the jury at international competitions.<sup id="cite_ref-About_ICC_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-About_ICC-17">[16]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ASU_Jury_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASU_Jury-18">[17]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AR_Competition_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR_Competition-19">[18]</a></sup> The pianist <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ivo_Pogoreli%C4%87" title="Ivo Pogorelić">Ivo Pogorelić</a> was thrust into the musical spotlight partly as a result of Argerich's actions: after he was eliminated in the third round of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/X_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="X International Chopin Piano Competition">1980 International Chopin Piano Competition</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>, Argerich proclaimed him a genius and left the jury in protest.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a></sup> According to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7ng_Th%C3%A1i_S%C6%A1n" title="Đặng Thái Sơn">Đặng Thái Sơn</a>, the eventual winner, Argerich made the "beautiful gesture" of sending a public telegram to the judging committee to congratulate him, after learning the final results.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a></sup> She has supported several artists, including <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gabriela_Montero" title="Gabriela Montero">Gabriela Montero</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauricio_Vallina" title="Mauricio Vallina">Mauricio Vallina</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sergio_Tiempo" title="Sergio Tiempo">Sergio Tiempo</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Roberto_Carnevale" title="Roberto Carnevale">Roberto Carnevale</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gabriele_Baldocci" title="Gabriele Baldocci">Gabriele Baldocci</a>, and Christopher Falzone.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a></sup>
</p><p>Argerich is the president of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Piano_Academy_Lake_Como" title="International Piano Academy Lake Como">International Piano Academy Lake Como</a> and performs annually at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lugano_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Lugano Festival">Lugano Festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a></sup> She has also created and been a General Director of the Argerich Music Festival and Encounter in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Beppu" title="Beppu">Beppu</a>, Japan, since 1996.
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<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Martha_argerich_cck_jul15.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Martha_argerich_cck_jul15.jpg/220px-Martha_argerich_cck_jul15.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Martha_argerich_cck_jul15.jpg/330px-Martha_argerich_cck_jul15.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Martha_argerich_cck_jul15.jpg/440px-Martha_argerich_cck_jul15.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="3840" /></a><figcaption>Argerich performing at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kirchner_Cultural_Centre" title="Kirchner Cultural Centre">Kirchner Cultural Centre</a>, July 2015</figcaption></figure>
<p>Her aversion to the press and publicity has resulted in her remaining out of the limelight for most of her career. Nevertheless, she is widely recognized as one of the greatest pianists in history.<sup id="cite_ref-Alex_Ross_New_Yorker_profile_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Alex_Ross_New_Yorker_profile-26">[25]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2005_Tommasini_review_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2005_Tommasini_review-27">[26]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a></sup> Her performance of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._1_(Liszt)" title="Piano Concerto No. 1 (Liszt)">Liszt's First Piano Concerto</a> conducted by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a> at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Proms" class="mw-redirect" title="The Proms">The Proms</a> 2016 prompted this review in <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>: "It was an unforgettable performance. Argerich celebrated her 75th birthday in June this year, but that news doesn't seem to have reached her fingers. Her playing is still as dazzling, as frighteningly precise, as it has always been; her ability to spin gossamer threads of melody as matchless as ever. This was unmistakably and unashamedly Liszt in the grand manner, a bit old-fashioned and sometimes even a bit vulgar at times, but in this of all concertos, with Barenboim and the orchestra following each twist and turn, every little quickening and moment of expressive reflection, it seemed entirely appropriate".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a></sup> Argerich returned to the Proms at the age of 78 in 2019 to perform <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a>'s First Piano Concerto under the baton of Barenboim, a performance described as "mesmerizing".<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Personal_life">Personal life</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm/220px--Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="391" data-durationhint="41" data-mwtitle="Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm"><source src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="270" data-height="480" /><source src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="406" data-height="720" /><source src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="608" data-height="1080" /><source src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1080" data-height="1920" /><source src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm.1440p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1440p.vp9.webm" data-width="810" data-height="1440" /><source src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm.m3u8" type="application/vnd.apple.mpegurl" data-transcodekey="m3u8" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="136" data-height="240" /><source src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="202" data-height="360" /><source src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm/Martha_Argerich_presents_herself_in_Tel_Aviv.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="202" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Argerich introduces herself, 2018</figcaption></figure>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066479718"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; float: center; clear: center; margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External audio</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="audio icon" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Nuvola_apps_arts.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_arts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Nuvola_apps_arts.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_arts.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Nuvola_apps_arts.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_arts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> You may hear Martha Argerich performing <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">Johann Sebastian Bach</a>'s <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Partitas_for_keyboard_(Bach)" title="Partitas for keyboard (Bach)">Partita No. 2 in C minor, BWV 826</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/MarthaArgerichBachPartita2bwv8261Sinfonia.GraveAdagio-Andante"><b>Here on archive.org</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>Argerich's first marriage was to composer-conductor Robert Chen, (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">陈亮声</span>; <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">Chén Liàngshēng</span></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a></sup> with whom she had her first child--violinist Lyda Chen-Argerich.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a></sup> The marriage was dissolved after several months, in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-People1980_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-People1980-34">[33]</a></sup> From 1969 to 1973, Argerich was married to Swiss conductor <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charles_Dutoit" title="Charles Dutoit">Charles Dutoit</a>, with whom she had her second daughter, Annie Dutoit. Although they separated in 1973, Argerich and Dutoit continued to collaborate. In the 1970s, Argerich had a relationship with American pianist <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stephen_Kovacevich" title="Stephen Kovacevich">Stephen Kovacevich</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a></sup> with whom she had her third daughter, Stéphanie.<sup id="cite_ref-People1980_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-People1980-34">[33]</a></sup> Although they made few recordings together during their relationship, Argerich and Kovacevich still frequently perform together.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a></sup> Stéphanie Argerich explains in her film <i>Bloody Daughter</i> that as her parents were not married, they tossed a coin to name their daughter, for which Argerich won the toss. Argerich brought her children up in a manner described by Annie Dutoit as "bohemian";<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a></sup> Argerich preferred her children to stay at home rather than go to school and would regularly host young musicians in her home and practice through the night.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloody_Daughter_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloody_Daughter-15">[14]</a></sup>
</p><p>Argerich is a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Multilingualism#In_individuals" title="Multilingualism">polyglot</a> and can speak <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a></sup> Although her <a href="/enwiki/wiki/First_language" title="First language">mother tongue</a> is Spanish, she brought her children up speaking French.<sup id="cite_ref-Bloody_Daughter_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bloody_Daughter-15">[14]</a></sup> She has lived in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, and France, and holds <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Citizenship" title="Citizenship">citizenship</a> in Switzerland and Argentina.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a></sup>
</p><p>Argerich has never been connected to any political party.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a></sup> However, she stated in a 2019 interview that she is strongly against <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">capital punishment</a>, and admires the French politician <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Robert_Badinter" title="Robert Badinter">Robert Badinter</a>, who enacted the abolition of the death penalty in France.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a></sup> Her friend pianist <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a> stated that when he contacted the Argentine president <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mauricio_Macri" title="Mauricio Macri">Mauricio Macri</a> in 2016, asking him to accept <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Syrian_Refugees" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Refugees">Syrian refugees</a> into the country, it was also on behalf of Argerich.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1990, Argerich was diagnosed with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Malignant_melanoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Malignant melanoma">malignant melanoma</a>. After treatment, the cancer went into remission, but it recurred in 1995 and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metastasis" title="Metastasis">metastasized</a> to her lungs, pancreas, liver, brain and lymph nodes. Following an experimental treatment at the John Wayne Cancer Institute in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Santa_Monica" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Monica">Santa Monica</a> pioneered by oncologist <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Donald_Morton" title="Donald Morton">Donald Morton</a>, Argerich's cancer went into <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Remission_(medicine)" title="Remission (medicine)">remission</a> again. In gratitude, Argerich performed a recital at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a> benefiting the institute.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a></sup> As of 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Martha_Argerich&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Argerich remains cancer-free.<sup id="cite_ref-washingtonpost.com_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-11">[10]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Media">Media</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>In 2002, director <a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Georges_Gachot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges Gachot (page does not exist)">Georges Gachot</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Gachot" class="extiw" title="de:Georges Gachot">de</a>]</span> released <i>Martha Argerich: Conversation nocturne</i> <i>(Martha Argerich: Evening Talks)</i>, a documentary film about Argerich.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a></sup> Stéphanie Argerich Blagojevic, using film she had shot since childhood, directed a 2012 documentary film about her mother, titled <i>Bloody Daughter</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Awards">Awards</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ferruccio_Busoni_International_Piano_Competition" title="Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition">Ferruccio Busoni International Piano Competition</a>: 1st prize (1957)<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Geneva_International_Music_Competition" title="Geneva International Music Competition">Geneva International Music Competition</a>: 1st prize (1957)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/VII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="VII International Chopin Piano Competition">VII International Chopin Piano Competition</a>: 1st prize (1965)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arrau_Medal" title="Arrau Medal">Claudio Arrau Memorial Medal</a> (1997)</li>
<li>Diamond <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Konex_Award" title="Konex Award">Konex Award</a> (1999) as the most important classical musician of the decade in Argentina</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Instrumental_Soloist(s)_Performance_(with_orchestra)" title="Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)">Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)</a>:
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charles_Dutoit" title="Charles Dutoit">Charles Dutoit</a> (conductor), Martha Argerich, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Montreal_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Montreal Symphony Orchestra">Montreal Symphony Orchestra</a> for <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sergei_Prokofiev" title="Sergei Prokofiev">Prokofiev</a>: Piano Concertos <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._1_(Prokofiev)" title="Piano Concerto No. 1 (Prokofiev)">Nos. 1</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._3_(Prokofiev)" title="Piano Concerto No. 3 (Prokofiev)">3</a></i> / <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Bartók</a></i>: <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._3_(Bart%C3%B3k)" title="Piano Concerto No. 3 (Bartók)">Piano Concerto No. 3</a></i> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/42nd_Grammy_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="42nd Grammy Awards">2000</a>)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Chamber_Music_Performance" title="Grammy Award for Best Chamber Music Performance">Grammy Award for Best Chamber Music Performance</a>:
<ul><li>Martha Argerich and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mikhail_Pletnev" title="Mikhail Pletnev">Mikhail Pletnev</a> for <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sergei_Prokofiev" title="Sergei Prokofiev">Prokofiev</a> (Arr. Pletnev): Cinderella Suite for Two Pianos / <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel">Ravel</a></i>: <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ma_m%C3%A8re_l%27Oye" title="Ma mère l'Oye">Ma mere l'Oye</a></i> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/47th_Grammy_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="47th Grammy Awards">2005</a>)</li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Order_of_the_Rising_Sun#4th_Class,_Order_of_the_Rising_Sun,_Gold_Rays_with_Rosette" title="Order of the Rising Sun">The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Rosette</a> (2005) Japan</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Praemium_Imperiale" title="Praemium Imperiale">Praemium Imperiale</a> (2005) Japan</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Instrumental_Soloist(s)_Performance_(with_orchestra)" title="Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)">Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)</a>:
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Claudio_Abbado" title="Claudio Abbado">Claudio Abbado</a> (conductor), Martha Argerich, and the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mahler_Chamber_Orchestra" title="Mahler Chamber Orchestra">Mahler Chamber Orchestra</a> for <i>Beethoven: Piano Concertos <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._2_(Beethoven)" title="Piano Concerto No. 2 (Beethoven)">Nos. 2</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Piano_Concerto_No._3_(Beethoven)" title="Piano Concerto No. 3 (Beethoven)">3</a></i> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/48th_Grammy_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="48th Grammy Awards">2006</a>)</li></ul></li>
<li>Voted into <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gramophone_(magazine)" title="Gramophone (magazine)">Gramophone</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Gramophone Hall of Fame">Hall of Fame</a> (2012)<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a></sup></li>
<li>Recipient of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Kennedy_Center_Honors" class="mw-redirect" title="The Kennedy Center Honors">The Kennedy Center Honors</a> (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a></sup></li>
<li>Recipient of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Italian_Republic" title="Order of Merit of the Italian Republic">Order of Merit of the Italian Republic</a> (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a></sup></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Pianists_of_the_20th_Century_%E2%80%93_Martha_Argerich" title="Great Pianists of the 20th Century – Martha Argerich">Great Pianists of the 20th Century – Martha Argerich</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Pianists_of_the_20th_Century_%E2%80%93_Martha_Argerich_II" title="Great Pianists of the 20th Century – Martha Argerich II">Great Pianists of the 20th Century – Martha Argerich II</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Argentines" title="List of Argentines">List of Argentines</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">At the latter she met <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arturo_Benedetti_Michelangeli" title="Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli">Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli</a>, whom she would later seek out for lessons – although she studied with him for over a year, she only had four lessons with him. Michelangeli, when asked what he had done for Argerich, replied: "I taught her the gift of silence".<sup id="cite_ref-Sweeting_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sweeting-9">[9]</a></sup></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1011085734"><div class="reflist">
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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1133582631">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classical-music.com/article/20-greatest-pianists-all-time">"The 20 Greatest Pianists of all time | Classical-Music.com"</a>. <i>www.classical-music.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.classical-music.com&rft.atitle=The+20+Greatest+Pianists+of+all+time+%26%23124%3B+Classical-Music.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.classical-music.com%2Farticle%2F20-greatest-pianists-all-time&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/instruments/piano/best-pianists-ever/">"The 25 best piano players of all time"</a>. <i>Classic FM</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Classic+FM&rft.atitle=The+25+best+piano+players+of+all+time&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.classicfm.com%2Fdiscover-music%2Finstruments%2Fpiano%2Fbest-pianists-ever%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFTommasini2000" class="citation news cs1">Tommasini, Anthony (25 March 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/25/arts/an-enigmatic-pianist-reclaims-her-stardom.html">"An Enigmatic Pianist Reclaims Her Stardom"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=An+Enigmatic+Pianist+Reclaims+Her+Stardom&rft.date=2000-03-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Tommasini&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2000%2F03%2F25%2Farts%2Fan-enigmatic-pianist-reclaims-her-stardom.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130801143652/http://www.lavozylaopinion.com.ar/cgi-bin/medios/vernota.cgi?medio=lavoz&numero=Mayo2012&nota=Mayo2012-3">"La vida de una pianista única: "Martha Argerich" por Moshé Korin"</a>. Lavozylaopinion.com.ar. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lavozylaopinion.com.ar/cgi-bin/medios/vernota.cgi?medio=lavoz&numero=Mayo2012&nota=Mayo2012-3">the original</a> on 1 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+vida+de+una+pianista+%C3%BAnica%3A+%22Martha+Argerich%22+por+Mosh%C3%A9+Korin&rft.pub=Lavozylaopinion.com.ar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lavozylaopinion.com.ar%2Fcgi-bin%2Fmedios%2Fvernota.cgi%3Fmedio%3Dlavoz%26numero%3DMayo2012%26nota%3DMayo2012-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150219170213/http://owl-ge.ch/arts-scenes/spip.php?article1941">"Portrait : Martha Argerich – Arts-Scènes"</a>. Owl-ge.ch. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://owl-ge.ch/arts-scenes/spip.php?article1941">the original</a> on 19 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portrait+%3A+Martha+Argerich+%E2%80%93+Arts-Sc%C3%A8nes&rft.pub=Owl-ge.ch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fowl-ge.ch%2Farts-scenes%2Fspip.php%3Farticle1941&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Dean_Interview-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dean_Interview_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dean_Interview_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFElder1978" class="citation web cs1">Elder, Dean (5 February 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000607073630/http://www.andrys.com/arg-1979.html">"Excerpts from "The Mercurial Martha Argerich"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.andrys.com/arg-1979.html">the original</a> on 7 June 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Excerpts+from+%22The+Mercurial+Martha+Argerich%22&rft.date=1978-02-05&rft.aulast=Elder&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.andrys.com%2Farg-1979.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFNiel_Immelman2009" class="citation news cs1">Niel Immelman (14 April 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2009/apr/14/obituary-maria-curcio">"The Guardian, 14 April 2009"</a>. <i>Guardian</i>. London<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Guardian%2C+14+April+2009&rft.date=2009-04-14&rft.au=Niel+Immelman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2009%2Fapr%2F14%2Fobituary-maria-curcio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Manildi, Donald <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicalamerica.com/features/?fid=66&fyear=2001">Musician of the Year 2001 Martha Argerich</a>, "Musical America", 2001</span>
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<li id="cite_note-Sweeting-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sweeting_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Clark2011" class="citation news cs1">Andrew Clark (8 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/9370c7e4-a31f-11e0-a9a4-00144feabdc0.html">"Strains of mood music"</a>. <i>Financial Times</i>. Archived from <span class="cs1-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/9370c7e4-a31f-11e0-a9a4-00144feabdc0.html">the original</a></span> on 10 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Strains+of+mood+music&rft.date=2011-07-08&rft.au=Andrew+Clark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F2%2F9370c7e4-a31f-11e0-a9a4-00144feabdc0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-washingtonpost.com-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-washingtonpost.com_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-washingtonpost.com_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFMidgette2016" class="citation news cs1">Midgette, Anne (1 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/music/martha-argerich-is-a-legend-of-the-classical-music-world-but-she-doesnt-act-like-one/2016/12/01/117095b4-b104-11e6-be1c-8cec35b1ad25_story.html">"Martha Argerich is a legend of the classical music world. But she doesn't act like one"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Martha+Argerich+is+a+legend+of+the+classical+music+world.+But+she+doesn%27t+act+like+one.&rft.date=2016-12-01&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Midgette&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmusic%2Fmartha-argerich-is-a-legend-of-the-classical-music-world-but-she-doesnt-act-like-one%2F2016%2F12%2F01%2F117095b4-b104-11e6-be1c-8cec35b1ad25_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFDoherty" class="citation web cs1">Doherty, Kevin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.capradio.org/100037">"Artist Of The Week: Martha Argerich"</a>. <i>www.capradio.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.capradio.org&rft.atitle=Artist+Of+The+Week%3A+Martha+Argerich&rft.aulast=Doherty&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.capradio.org%2F100037&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Argerich-Martha.htm">"Martha Argerich (Piano) – Short Biography"</a>. <i>Bach-cantatas.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bach-cantatas.com&rft.atitle=Martha+Argerich+%28Piano%29+%E2%80%93+Short+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bach-cantatas.com%2FBio%2FArgerich-Martha.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFAnastassia_Boutsko2021" class="citation web cs1">Anastassia Boutsko (6 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/lioness-of-the-piano-martha-argerich-turns-80/a-57779104">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Lioness' of piano: Martha Argerich turns 80"</a>. <i>dw.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dw.com&rft.atitle=%27Lioness%27+of+piano%3A+Martha+Argerich+turns+80&rft.date=2021-04-06&rft.au=Anastassia+Boutsko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Flioness-of-the-piano-martha-argerich-turns-80%2Fa-57779104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Bloody_Daughter-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bloody_Daughter_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloody_Daughter_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bloody_Daughter_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Bloody Daughter"</span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202135058/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8sPD1cma58w">"YouTube"</a>. YouTube. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8sPD1cma58w">the original</a> on 2 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=YouTube&rft.pub=YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D8sPD1cma58w&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-About_ICC-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-About_ICC_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130707105707/http://konkurs.chopin.pl/en/about/competition">"About"</a>. Chopin International Competition. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://konkurs.chopin.pl/en/about/competition">the original</a> on 7 July 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About&rft.pub=Chopin+International+Competition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkonkurs.chopin.pl%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fcompetition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-ASU_Jury-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ASU_Jury_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140521032131/http://herbergerinstitute.asu.edu/pianocompetition/2013/jury.php">"Jury"</a>. ASU Competition. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://herbergerinstitute.asu.edu/pianocompetition/2013/jury.php">the original</a> on 21 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jury&rft.pub=ASU+Competition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fherbergerinstitute.asu.edu%2Fpianocompetition%2F2013%2Fjury.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-AR_Competition-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AR_Competition_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130930200115/http://www.arims.org.il/ninth.php">"Ninth Competition"</a>. Arthur Rubinstein Competition. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arims.org.il/ninth.php">the original</a> on 30 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ninth+Competition&rft.pub=Arthur+Rubinstein+Competition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arims.org.il%2Fninth.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFMcCormick2018" class="citation journal cs1">McCormick, Lisa (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220127080742/http://chopinreview.com/pages/issue/7/1">"Pogorelich at the Chopin: Towards a sociology of competition scandals"</a>. <i>The Chopin Review</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fryderyk_Chopin_Institute" title="Fryderyk Chopin Institute">Fryderyk Chopin Institute</a> (1). <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/2544-9249">2544-9249</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chopinreview.com/pages/issue/7/1">the original</a> on 27 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chopin+Review&rft.atitle=Pogorelich+at+the+Chopin%3A+Towards+a+sociology+of+competition+scandals&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2018&rft.issn=2544-9249&rft.aulast=McCormick&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchopinreview.com%2Fpages%2Fissue%2F7%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFHo2011" class="citation news cs1">Ho, Elijah (22 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecounterpoints.com/interviews/2015/9/15/interview-with-pianist-dang-thai-son">"Interview with Dang Thai Son"</a>. <i>The Counterpoints</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Counterpoints&rft.atitle=Interview+with+Dang+Thai+Son&rft.date=2011-09-22&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=Elijah&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecounterpoints.com%2Finterviews%2F2015%2F9%2F15%2Finterview-with-pianist-dang-thai-son&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCxxlJqI5idRkrS72BfVTK8A">"Classicalrecitals"</a>. YouTube. 3 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Classicalrecitals&rft.pub=YouTube&rft.date=2009-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fchannel%2FUCxxlJqI5idRkrS72BfVTK8A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111006174602/http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=989">"Progetto Martha Argerich"</a> (in Italian). Rsi.ch. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=989">the original</a> on 6 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Progetto+Martha+Argerich&rft.pub=Rsi.ch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rsi.ch%2Fargerich%2Fwelcome.cfm%3Flng%3D1%26ids%3D491%26idc%3D989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101230134018/http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=1000">"Progetto Martha Argerich"</a> (in Italian). Rsi.ch. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rsi.ch/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1&ids=491&idc=1000">the original</a> on 30 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Progetto+Martha+Argerich&rft.pub=Rsi.ch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rsi.ch%2Fargerich%2Fwelcome.cfm%3Flng%3D1%26ids%3D491%26idc%3D1000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151104084319/http://www4.rsi.ch/trasm/argerich/welcome.cfm">"Progetto Martha Argerich"</a> (in Italian). .rsi.ch. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www4.rsi.ch/trasm/argerich/welcome.cfm">the original</a> on 4 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Progetto+Martha+Argerich&rft.pub=.rsi.ch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww4.rsi.ch%2Ftrasm%2Fargerich%2Fwelcome.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Alex_Ross_New_Yorker_profile-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Alex_Ross_New_Yorker_profile_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFRoss2001" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alex_Ross_(music_critic)" title="Alex Ross (music critic)">Ross, Alex</a> (12 November 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2001/11/12/011112crmu_music">"Madame X"</a>. <i>The New Yorker</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Madame+X&rft.date=2001-11-12&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Alex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Farchive%2F2001%2F11%2F12%2F011112crmu_music&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2005_Tommasini_review-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2005_Tommasini_review_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFTommasini2005" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anthony_Tommasini" title="Anthony Tommasini">Tommasini, Anthony</a> (20 March 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A05E7D7123CF933A15750C0A9639C8B63&ref=marthaargerich">"Classical Music: Recordings; Boisterous Beethoven, Brooding Brahms"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Classical+Music%3A+Recordings%3B+Boisterous+Beethoven%2C+Brooding+Brahms&rft.date=2005-03-20&rft.aulast=Tommasini&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9A05E7D7123CF933A15750C0A9639C8B63%26ref%3Dmarthaargerich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFCarrizo2013" class="citation web cs1">Carrizo, Rodrigo (24 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924112529/http://www.swissinfo.ch/directdemocracy/48th-solothurn-film-festival_examining-a-martha-daughter-relationship/34795316">"Examining a Martha-daughter relationship – SWI"</a>. Swissinfo.ch. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.swissinfo.ch/directdemocracy/48th-solothurn-film-festival_examining-a-martha-daughter-relationship/34795316">the original</a> on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Examining+a+Martha-daughter+relationship+%E2%80%93+SWI&rft.pub=Swissinfo.ch&rft.date=2013-01-24&rft.aulast=Carrizo&rft.aufirst=Rodrigo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.swissinfo.ch%2Fdirectdemocracy%2F48th-solothurn-film-festival_examining-a-martha-daughter-relationship%2F34795316&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In a 2001 article about Martha Argerich for <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i>, critic <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alex_Ross_(music_critic)" title="Alex Ross (music critic)">Alex Ross</a> wrote: "Argerich brings to bear qualities that are seldom contained in one person: she is a pianist of brain-teasing technical agility; she is a charismatic woman with an enigmatic reputation; she is an unaffected interpreter whose native language is music. This last may be the quality that sets her apart. A lot of pianists play huge double octaves; a lot of pianists photograph well. But few have the unerring naturalness of phrasing that allows them to embody the music rather than interpret it."</span>
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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/aug/18/west-eastern-divan-orchestra-barenboim-argerich-review-prom-43-royal-albert-hall">"West-Eastern Divan Orchestra/Barenboim/Argerich review – extraordinary in every respect"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 18 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=West-Eastern+Divan+Orchestra%2FBarenboim%2FArgerich+review+%E2%80%93+extraordinary+in+every+respect&rft.date=2016-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2016%2Faug%2F18%2Fwest-eastern-divan-orchestra-barenboim-argerich-review-prom-43-royal-albert-hall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFClements2019" class="citation news cs1">Clements, Andrew (13 August 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/aug/13/prom-34-west-eastern-divan-orchestra-barenboim-argerich-review">"Prom 34: West-Eastern Divan Orch/Barenboim/Argerich review – immaculate and mesmerising"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i> – via www.theguardian.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Prom+34%3A+West-Eastern+Divan+Orch%2FBarenboim%2FArgerich+review+%E2%80%93+immaculate+and+mesmerising&rft.date=2019-08-13&rft.aulast=Clements&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2019%2Faug%2F13%2Fprom-34-west-eastern-divan-orchestra-barenboim-argerich-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131021200144/http://news.163.com/09/1226/07/5RENQBH5000120GR.html">"二十八国华人演奏家"百鸟还巢"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. News.163.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.163.com/09/1226/07/5RENQBH5000120GR.html">the original</a> on 21 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%BA%8C%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AB%E5%9B%BD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%BC%94%E5%A5%8F%E5%AE%B6%22%E7%99%BE%E9%B8%9F%E8%BF%98%E5%B7%A2%22&rft.pub=News.163.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.163.com%2F09%2F1226%2F07%2F5RENQBH5000120GR.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191003111408/http://www.sensmanagement.com/lyda-chen-argerich_6.html">"Lyda Chen-Argerich, violinist"</a>. Sens Management. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sensmanagement.com/lyda-chen-argerich_6.html">the original</a> on 3 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lyda+Chen-Argerich%2C+violinist&rft.pub=Sens+Management&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sensmanagement.com%2Flyda-chen-argerich_6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-People1980-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-People1980_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-People1980_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFHauptfuhrerVespa1980" class="citation web cs1">Hauptfuhrer, Fred; Vespa, Mary (7 April 1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20076190,00.html">"A Top Woman Pianist, Martha Argerich, Nearly Gave Up Her Steinway for Steno"</a>. people.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Top+Woman+Pianist%2C+Martha+Argerich%2C+Nearly+Gave+Up+Her+Steinway+for+Steno&rft.pub=people.com&rft.date=1980-04-07&rft.aulast=Hauptfuhrer&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.au=Vespa%2C+Mary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.people.com%2Fpeople%2Farchive%2Farticle%2F0%2C%2C20076190%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gramophone.co.uk/features/article/martha-argerich-speaks-to-stephen-kovacevich-gramophone-november-2008-with-jeremy-nicholas">"Martha Argerich Speaks to Stephen Kovacevich"</a>. <i>Gramophone.co.uk</i>. November 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gramophone.co.uk&rft.atitle=Martha+Argerich+Speaks+to+Stephen+Kovacevich&rft.date=2008-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gramophone.co.uk%2Ffeatures%2Farticle%2Fmartha-argerich-speaks-to-stephen-kovacevich-gramophone-november-2008-with-jeremy-nicholas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_AVhqab1hE"><i>Martha Argerich e Stephen Kovacevich – Leffest 2018</i></a>. Lisbon & Sintra Film Festival. 7 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201127034050/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A_AVhqab1hE">Archived</a> from the original on 27 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martha+Argerich+e+Stephen+Kovacevich+%E2%80%93+Leffest+2018&rft.pub=Lisbon+%26+Sintra+Film+Festival&rft.date=2019-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DA_AVhqab1hE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtJngu0XboM"><i>Martha Argerich en concert privé – private concert [SSTEN, SSTFR, SSTDE] – ARTE Concert</i></a>. ARTE Concert. 27 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210907180332/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HtJngu0XboM">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martha+Argerich+en+concert+priv%C3%A9+%E2%80%93+private+concert+%5BSSTEN%2C+SSTFR%2C+SSTDE%5D+%E2%80%93+ARTE+Concert&rft.pub=ARTE+Concert&rft.date=2021-06-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DHtJngu0XboM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DALYVYGaslA"><i>2012 Verbier Festival – interview#16 – Martha Argerich</i></a>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Medici.tv" title="Medici.tv">medici.tv</a>. 14 August 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210907175939/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DALYVYGaslA">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2012+Verbier+Festival+%E2%80%93+interview%2316+%E2%80%93+Martha+Argerich&rft.pub=medici.tv&rft.date=2012-08-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DDALYVYGaslA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hcyc0W0UpME"><i>Martha Argerich – RARE – Interview & rehearsal – Hamburg Laeiszhalle</i></a>. musicbox78nrw. 11 April 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210907172735/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hcyc0W0UpME">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martha+Argerich+%E2%80%93+RARE+%E2%80%93+Interview+%26+rehearsal+%E2%80%93+Hamburg+Laeiszhalle&rft.pub=musicbox78nrw&rft.date=2021-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DHcyc0W0UpME&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yoj84wDpf2g"><i>RSI – INTERVISTA A MARTHA ARGERICH</i></a>. Gerardo Nardelli. 24 November 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210907185152/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yoj84wDpf2g">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RSI+%E2%80%93+INTERVISTA+A+MARTHA+ARGERICH&rft.pub=Gerardo+Nardelli&rft.date=2012-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DYoj84wDpf2g&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191212053251/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsB4LbBHQ08"><i>Nelson Freire e Marta Argerich tocando Racmaninoff Opus 2 ppara duas maos</i></a>. Daniel De Nardi. 31 January 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nsB4LbBHQ08">the original</a> on 12 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nelson+Freire+e+Marta+Argerich+tocando+Racmaninoff+Opus+2+ppara+duas+maos&rft.pub=Daniel+De+Nardi&rft.date=2019-01-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DnsB4LbBHQ08&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newwavefilms.co.uk/assets/976/ARGERICH_pressbook_update">Argerich (Bloody Daughter)</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clarin.com/politica/reverso-real-video-martha-argerich-tocando-marcha-peronista_0_0V6VPbYwe.html">"No, no es real este video de Martha Argerich tocando la marcha peronista"</a>. 7 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=No%2C+no+es+real+este+video+de+Martha+Argerich+tocando+la+marcha+peronista&rft.date=2019-09-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.clarin.com%2Fpolitica%2Freverso-real-video-martha-argerich-tocando-marcha-peronista_0_0V6VPbYwe.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xj3QJqIBI9M"><i>Martha Argerich, in her own words (with English Subtitles)</i></a>. Argerich Vault. 4 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210907172720/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xj3QJqIBI9M">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martha+Argerich%2C+in+her+own+words+%28with+English+Subtitles%29&rft.pub=Argerich+Vault&rft.date=2021-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dxj3QJqIBI9M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2016/aug/16/daniel-barenboim-on-ageing-mistakes-and-why-israel-and-iran-are-twin-brothers">"Daniel Barenboim on ageing, mistakes and why Israel and Iran are twin brothers"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/TheGuardian.com" title="TheGuardian.com">TheGuardian.com</a></i>. 16 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheGuardian.com&rft.atitle=Daniel+Barenboim+on+ageing%2C+mistakes+and+why+Israel+and+Iran+are+twin+brothers&rft.date=2016-08-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmusic%2F2016%2Faug%2F16%2Fdaniel-barenboim-on-ageing-mistakes-and-why-israel-and-iran-are-twin-brothers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Toronto Globe and Mail, concert review, 28 March 2000</span>
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<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0384318/">"Martha Argerich, conversation nocturne"</a> – via www.imdb.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martha+Argerich%2C+conversation+nocturne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt0384318%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFLeslie_Felperin2015" class="citation news cs1">Leslie Felperin (30 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/apr/30/argerich-film-review-classical-pianist-music-documentary">"Argerich review – a daughter's honest portrait of her classical-pianist mother"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Argerich+review+%E2%80%93+a+daughter%27s+honest+portrait+of+her+classical-pianist+mother&rft.date=2015-04-30&rft.au=Leslie+Felperin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ffilm%2F2015%2Fapr%2F30%2Fargerich-film-review-classical-pianist-music-documentary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091114090627/http://www.concorsobusoni.it/en-94-1984.aspx">"Storia del Concorso – Fondazione Concorso Pianistico Internazionale Ferruccio Busoni"</a>. Concorsobusoni.it. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.concorsobusoni.it/en-94-1984.aspx">the original</a> on 14 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Storia+del+Concorso+%E2%80%93+Fondazione+Concorso+Pianistico+Internazionale+Ferruccio+Busoni&rft.pub=Concorsobusoni.it&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.concorsobusoni.it%2Fen-94-1984.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gramophone.co.uk/HallofFame/ArtistPage/Argerich">"Gramophone Hall of Fame : Artists Page"</a>. Gramophone.co.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gramophone+Hall+of+Fame+%3A+Artists+Page&rft.pub=Gramophone.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gramophone.co.uk%2FHallofFame%2FArtistPage%2FArgerich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kennedy-center.org/pages/specialevents/honors">"The Kennedy Center Honors"</a>. <i>Kennedy-center.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kennedy-center.org&rft.atitle=The+Kennedy+Center+Honors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kennedy-center.org%2Fpages%2Fspecialevents%2Fhonors&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/18425">"Concerto in onore di Zubin Mehta"</a>. Presidenza della Repubblica (Italy). 24 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Concerto+in+onore+di+Zubin+Mehta&rft.pub=Presidenza+della+Repubblica+%28Italy%29&rft.date=2018-10-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.quirinale.it%2Felementi%2F18425&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMartha+Argerich" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Martha_Argerich" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Martha Argerich">Martha Argerich</a></b></i>.</div></div>
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<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061214163619/http://www.andrys.com/argerich.html">"Argerich—Discography," (August 11, 1999)</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2001/11/12/011112crmu_music">Ross, Alex; 'Madame X', November 12, 2001</a>, a profile of Argerich in <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gachot.ch/gachot_argerich.html"><i>Martha Argerich, evening talks</i></a>, the award-winning documentary film about Argerich by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gachot.ch/l"><i>Georges Gachot</i></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup> – (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imdb.com/title/tt0384318/">imdb link</a>)</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101205130955/http://www.andrys.com/argerich/ar-orga.html">Orga, Ates, <i>River Plate Queen</i> (1978, 2006)</a>, an interview with Argerich first published in the 1979 <i>International Music Guide</i></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080430051325/http://www.argerich-mf.jp/english.html">MUSIC FESTIVAL Argerich's Meeting Point in Beppu</a>, a music festival sponsored by the Argerich Arts Foundation of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Beppu,_%C5%8Cita" class="mw-redirect" title="Beppu, Ōita">Beppu, Japan</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050305073845/http://www.rtsi.ch/trasm/argerich/welcome.cfm?lng=1">The Martha Argerich Project</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110612055413/http://andrys.com/argerich/">Argerich Music news, concert schedule, articles, recordings</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100408052855/http://home.swipnet.se/bjorn_ostlund/argerich_repertoire.htm">Argerich's repertoire through the years</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cosmopolis.ch/english/cosmo14/argerich.htm">Martha Argerich biography, CD and concert review by cosmopolis.ch</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.euronews.net/2009/06/15/martha-argerich-project-brings-talent-to-lugano/">Martha Argerich Project Brings Talent to Lugano</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120217103729/http://www.euronews.net/2009/06/15/martha-argerich-project-brings-talent-to-lugano/">Archived</a> 17 February 2012 at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by <i>Euro News</i>, 15 June 2009</li></ul>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1061467846">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Winners_of_the_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Winners_of_the_Chopin_Competition" title="Template:Winners of the Chopin Competition"><abbr title="View this template" style="background:#d3d3d3;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Winners_of_the_Chopin_Competition" title="Template talk:Winners of the Chopin Competition"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="background:#d3d3d3;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Winners_of_the_Chopin_Competition" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Winners of the Chopin Competition"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="background:#d3d3d3;;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winners_of_the_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Winners of the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="International Chopin Piano Competition">International Chopin Piano Competition</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lev_Oborin" title="Lev Oborin">Lev Oborin</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/I_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="I International Chopin Piano Competition">1927</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alexander_Uninsky" title="Alexander Uninsky">Alexander Uninsky</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/II_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="II International Chopin Piano Competition">1932</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yakov_Zak" title="Yakov Zak">Yakov Zak</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/III_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="III International Chopin Piano Competition">1937</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bella_Davidovich" title="Bella Davidovich">Bella Davidovich</a> / <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Halina_Czerny-Stefa%C5%84ska" title="Halina Czerny-Stefańska">Halina Czerny-Stefańska</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/IV_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="IV International Chopin Piano Competition">1949</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adam_Harasiewicz" title="Adam Harasiewicz">Adam Harasiewicz</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/V_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="V International Chopin Piano Competition">1955</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maurizio_Pollini" title="Maurizio Pollini">Maurizio Pollini</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/VI_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="VI International Chopin Piano Competition">1960</a>)</li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Martha Argerich</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/VII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="VII International Chopin Piano Competition">1965</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Garrick_Ohlsson" title="Garrick Ohlsson">Garrick Ohlsson</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/VIII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="VIII International Chopin Piano Competition">1970</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Krystian_Zimerman" title="Krystian Zimerman">Krystian Zimerman</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/IX_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="IX International Chopin Piano Competition">1975</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dang_Thai_Son" class="mw-redirect" title="Dang Thai Son">Dang Thai Son</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/X_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="X International Chopin Piano Competition">1980</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stanislav_Bunin" title="Stanislav Bunin">Stanislav Bunin</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/XI_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="XI International Chopin Piano Competition">1985</a>)</li>
<li><i>not awarded</i> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/XII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="XII International Chopin Piano Competition">1990</a>)</li>
<li><i>not awarded</i> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/XIII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="XIII International Chopin Piano Competition">1995</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Li_Yundi" title="Li Yundi">Li Yundi</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/XIV_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="XIV International Chopin Piano Competition">2000</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rafa%C5%82_Blechacz" title="Rafał Blechacz">Rafał Blechacz</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/XV_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="XV International Chopin Piano Competition">2005</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yulianna_Avdeeva" title="Yulianna Avdeeva">Yulianna Avdeeva</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/XVI_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="XVI International Chopin Piano Competition">2010</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seong-Jin_Cho" title="Seong-Jin Cho">Seong-Jin Cho</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/XVII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="XVII International Chopin Piano Competition">2015</a>)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bruce_Liu" title="Bruce Liu">Bruce Liu</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/XVIII_International_Chopin_Piano_Competition" title="XVIII International Chopin Piano Competition">2021</a>)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Merle_Haggard" title="Merle Haggard">Merle Haggard</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jerry_Herman" title="Jerry Herman">Jerry Herman</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bill_T._Jones" title="Bill T. Jones">Bill T. Jones</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2011</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Barbara_Cook" title="Barbara Cook">Barbara Cook</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Neil_Diamond" title="Neil Diamond">Neil Diamond</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sonny_Rollins" title="Sonny Rollins">Sonny Rollins</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Buddy_Guy" title="Buddy Guy">Buddy Guy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dustin_Hoffman" title="Dustin Hoffman">Dustin Hoffman</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/David_Letterman" title="David Letterman">David Letterman</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Led_Zeppelin" title="Led Zeppelin">Led Zeppelin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Natalia_Makarova" title="Natalia Makarova">Natalia Makarova</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2013</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Martina_Arroyo" title="Martina Arroyo">Martina Arroyo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Herbie_Hancock" title="Herbie Hancock">Herbie Hancock</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Billy_Joel" title="Billy Joel">Billy Joel</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shirley_MacLaine" title="Shirley MacLaine">Shirley MacLaine</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carlos_Santana" title="Carlos Santana">Carlos Santana</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2014</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Al_Green" title="Al Green">Al Green</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tom_Hanks" title="Tom Hanks">Tom Hanks</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Patricia_McBride" title="Patricia McBride">Patricia McBride</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sting_(musician)" title="Sting (musician)">Sting</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2015</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carole_King" title="Carole King">Carole King</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/George_Lucas" title="George Lucas">George Lucas</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rita_Moreno" title="Rita Moreno">Rita Moreno</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Seiji_Ozawa" title="Seiji Ozawa">Seiji Ozawa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cicely_Tyson" title="Cicely Tyson">Cicely Tyson</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Martha Argerich</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eagles_(band)" title="Eagles (band)">Eagles</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mavis_Staples" title="Mavis Staples">Mavis Staples</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/James_Taylor" title="James Taylor">James Taylor</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2017</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carmen_de_Lavallade" title="Carmen de Lavallade">Carmen de Lavallade</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gloria_Estefan" title="Gloria Estefan">Gloria Estefan</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/LL_Cool_J" title="LL Cool J">LL Cool J</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Norman_Lear" title="Norman Lear">Norman Lear</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lionel_Richie" title="Lionel Richie">Lionel Richie</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2018</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cher" title="Cher">Cher</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Philip_Glass" title="Philip Glass">Philip Glass</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Reba_McEntire" title="Reba McEntire">Reba McEntire</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wayne_Shorter" title="Wayne Shorter">Wayne Shorter</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)">Hamilton</a></i> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lin-Manuel_Miranda" title="Lin-Manuel Miranda">Lin-Manuel Miranda</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thomas_Kail" title="Thomas Kail">Thomas Kail</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alex_Lacamoire" title="Alex Lacamoire">Alex Lacamoire</a>, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Andy_Blankenbuehler" title="Andy Blankenbuehler">Andy Blankenbuehler</a>)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Earth,_Wind_%26_Fire" title="Earth, Wind & Fire">Earth, Wind & Fire</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sally_Field" title="Sally Field">Sally Field</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Linda_Ronstadt" title="Linda Ronstadt">Linda Ronstadt</a></li>
<li><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sesame_Street" title="Sesame Street">Sesame Street</a></i></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Michael_Tilson_Thomas" title="Michael Tilson Thomas">Michael Tilson Thomas</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Complete list</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1970s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1970s">1970s</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s">1980s</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1990s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1990s">1990s</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2000s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2000s">2000s</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2010s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2010s">2010s</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2020s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2020s">2020s</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Great_Pianists_of_the_20th_Century_CD_set" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Great_Pianists_of_the_20th_Century" title="Template:Great Pianists of the 20th Century"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Great_Pianists_of_the_20th_Century" title="Template talk:Great Pianists of the 20th Century"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Great_Pianists_of_the_20th_Century" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Great Pianists of the 20th Century"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Great_Pianists_of_the_20th_Century_CD_set" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Great_Pianists_of_the_20th_Century" title="Great Pianists of the 20th Century">Great Pianists of the 20th Century</a></i> CD set</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/G%C3%A9za_Anda" title="Géza Anda">Géza Anda</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Martha Argerich</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau">Claudio Arrau</a> (3)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vladimir_Ashkenazy" title="Vladimir Ashkenazy">Vladimir Ashkenazy</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wilhelm_Backhaus" title="Wilhelm Backhaus">Wilhelm Backhaus</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jorge_Bolet" title="Jorge Bolet">Jorge Bolet</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alfred_Brendel" title="Alfred Brendel">Alfred Brendel</a> (3)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mark_Taimanov" title="Mark Taimanov">Lyubov Bruk & Mark Taimanov</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Robert_Casadesus" title="Robert Casadesus">Robert Casadesus</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shura_Cherkassky" title="Shura Cherkassky">Shura Cherkassky</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Van_Cliburn" title="Van Cliburn">Van Cliburn</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alfred_Cortot" title="Alfred Cortot">Alfred Cortot</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Clifford_Curzon" title="Clifford Curzon">Clifford Curzon</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Cziffra" title="György Cziffra">György Cziffra</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christoph_Eschenbach" title="Christoph Eschenbach">Christoph Eschenbach</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edwin_Fischer" title="Edwin Fischer">Edwin Fischer</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leon_Fleisher" title="Leon Fleisher">Leon Fleisher</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Samson_Fran%C3%A7ois" title="Samson François">Samson François</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nelson_Freire" title="Nelson Freire">Nelson Freire</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ignaz_Friedman" title="Ignaz Friedman">Ignaz Friedman</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Andrei_Gavrilov" title="Andrei Gavrilov">Andrei Gavrilov</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walter_Gieseking" title="Walter Gieseking">Walter Gieseking</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emil_Gilels" title="Emil Gilels">Emil Gilels</a> (3)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grigory_Ginzburg" title="Grigory Ginzburg">Grigory Ginzburg</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leopold_Godowsky" title="Leopold Godowsky">Leopold Godowsky</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glenn_Gould" title="Glenn Gould">Glenn Gould</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Friedrich_Gulda" title="Friedrich Gulda">Friedrich Gulda</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ingrid_Haebler" title="Ingrid Haebler">Ingrid Haebler</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Clara_Haskil" title="Clara Haskil">Clara Haskil</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Myra_Hess" title="Myra Hess">Myra Hess</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Josef_Hofmann" title="Josef Hofmann">Josef Hofmann</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vladimir_Horowitz" title="Vladimir Horowitz">Vladimir Horowitz</a> (3)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Byron_Janis" title="Byron Janis">Byron Janis</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/William_Kapell" title="William Kapell">William Kapell</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Julius_Katchen" title="Julius Katchen">Julius Katchen</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wilhelm_Kempff" title="Wilhelm Kempff">Wilhelm Kempff</a> (3)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Evgeny_Kissin" title="Evgeny Kissin">Evgeny Kissin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zolt%C3%A1n_Kocsis" title="Zoltán Kocsis">Zoltán Kocsis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stephen_Kovacevich" title="Stephen Kovacevich">Stephen Kovacevich</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alicia_de_Larrocha" title="Alicia de Larrocha">Alicia de Larrocha</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Josef_Lh%C3%A9vinne" title="Josef Lhévinne">Josef</a> & <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rosina_Lh%C3%A9vinne" title="Rosina Lhévinne">Rosina Lhévinne</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dinu_Lipatti" title="Dinu Lipatti">Dinu Lipatti</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Radu_Lupu" title="Radu Lupu">Radu Lupu</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nikita_Magaloff" title="Nikita Magaloff">Nikita Magaloff</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arturo_Benedetti_Michelangeli" title="Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli">Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Benno_Moiseiwitsch" title="Benno Moiseiwitsch">Benno Moiseiwitsch</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ivan_Moravec" title="Ivan Moravec">Ivan Moravec</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Ogdon" title="John Ogdon">John Ogdon</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ignacy_Jan_Paderewski" title="Ignacy Jan Paderewski">Ignacy Jan Paderewski</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Murray_Perahia" title="Murray Perahia">Murray Perahia</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maria_Jo%C3%A3o_Pires" title="Maria João Pires">Maria João Pires</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mikhail_Pletnev" title="Mikhail Pletnev">Mikhail Pletnev</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maurizio_Pollini" title="Maurizio Pollini">Maurizio Pollini</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Previn" title="André Previn">André Previn</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Sergei Rachmaninoff</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sviatoslav_Richter" title="Sviatoslav Richter">Sviatoslav Richter</a> (3)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arthur_Rubinstein" title="Arthur Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a> (3)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Schiff" title="András Schiff">András Schiff</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Artur_Schnabel" title="Artur Schnabel">Artur Schnabel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rudolf_Serkin" title="Rudolf Serkin">Rudolf Serkin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vladimir_Sofronitsky" title="Vladimir Sofronitsky">Vladimir Sofronitsky</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Solomon_Cutner" title="Solomon Cutner">Solomon</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rosalyn_Tureck" title="Rosalyn Tureck">Rosalyn Tureck</a> (2)</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mitsuko_Uchida" title="Mitsuko Uchida">Mitsuko Uchida</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Watts" title="André Watts">André Watts</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alexis_Weissenberg" title="Alexis Weissenberg">Alexis Weissenberg</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Earl_Wild" title="Earl Wild">Earl Wild</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maria_Yudina" title="Maria Yudina">Maria Yudina</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Krystian_Zimerman" title="Krystian Zimerman">Krystian Zimerman</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
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<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Claudio_Abbado" title="Claudio Abbado">Claudio Abbado</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Barbirolli" title="John Barbirolli">John Barbirolli</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thomas_Beecham" title="Thomas Beecham">Thomas Beecham</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thomas_Beecham_selected_discography" title="Thomas Beecham selected discography"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Karl_B%C3%B6hm" title="Karl Böhm">Karl Böhm</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adrian_Boult" title="Adrian Boult">Adrian Boult</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Adrian_Boult_discography" title="Adrian Boult discography"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sergiu_Celibidache" title="Sergiu Celibidache">Sergiu Celibidache</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Riccardo_Chailly" title="Riccardo Chailly">Riccardo Chailly</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Colin_Davis" title="Colin Davis">Colin Davis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gustavo_Dudamel" title="Gustavo Dudamel">Gustavo Dudamel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wilhelm_Furtw%C3%A4ngler" title="Wilhelm Furtwängler">Wilhelm Furtwängler</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Eliot_Gardiner" title="John Eliot Gardiner">John Eliot Gardiner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Giulini" title="Carlo Maria Giulini">Carlo Maria Giulini</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bernard_Haitink" title="Bernard Haitink">Bernard Haitink</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bernard_Haitink_discography" title="Bernard Haitink discography"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nikolaus_Harnoncourt" title="Nikolaus Harnoncourt">Nikolaus Harnoncourt</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Christopher_Hogwood" title="Christopher Hogwood">Christopher Hogwood</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mariss_Jansons" title="Mariss Jansons">Mariss Jansons</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Herbert_von_Karajan" title="Herbert von Karajan">Herbert von Karajan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carlos_Kleiber" title="Carlos Kleiber">Carlos Kleiber</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Carlos_Kleiber_discography" title="Carlos Kleiber discography"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Otto_Klemperer" title="Otto Klemperer">Otto Klemperer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rafael_Kubel%C3%ADk" title="Rafael Kubelík">Rafael Kubelík</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/James_Levine" title="James Levine">James Levine</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Charles_Mackerras" title="Charles Mackerras">Charles Mackerras</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Neville_Marriner" title="Neville Marriner">Neville Marriner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zubin_Mehta" title="Zubin Mehta">Zubin Mehta</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yevgeny_Mravinsky" title="Yevgeny Mravinsky">Yevgeny Mravinsky</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Riccardo_Muti" title="Riccardo Muti">Riccardo Muti</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eugene_Ormandy" title="Eugene Ormandy">Eugene Ormandy</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antonio_Pappano" title="Antonio Pappano">Antonio Pappano</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trevor_Pinnock" title="Trevor Pinnock">Trevor Pinnock</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Simon_Rattle" title="Simon Rattle">Simon Rattle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Simon_Rattle_discography" title="Simon Rattle discography"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fritz_Reiner" title="Fritz Reiner">Fritz Reiner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Georg_Solti" title="Georg Solti">Georg Solti</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Georg_Solti_discography" title="Georg Solti discography"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leopold_Stokowski" title="Leopold Stokowski">Leopold Stokowski</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/George_Szell" title="George Szell">George Szell</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Michael_Tilson_Thomas" title="Michael Tilson Thomas">Michael Tilson Thomas</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini" title="Arturo Toscanini">Arturo Toscanini</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini_discography" title="Arturo Toscanini discography"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bruno_Walter" title="Bruno Walter">Bruno Walter</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thomas_Allen_(baritone)" title="Thomas Allen (baritone)">Thomas Allen</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Victoria_de_los_%C3%81ngeles" title="Victoria de los Ángeles">Victoria de los Ángeles</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Janet_Baker" title="Janet Baker">Janet Baker</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cecilia_Bartoli" title="Cecilia Bartoli">Cecilia Bartoli</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jussi_Bj%C3%B6rling" title="Jussi Björling">Jussi Björling</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Montserrat_Caball%C3%A9" title="Montserrat Caballé">Montserrat Caballé</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maria_Callas" title="Maria Callas">Maria Callas</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carreras" title="José Carreras">José Carreras</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Enrico_Caruso" title="Enrico Caruso">Enrico Caruso</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Feodor_Chaliapin" title="Feodor Chaliapin">Feodor Chaliapin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Joyce_DiDonato" title="Joyce DiDonato">Joyce DiDonato</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pl%C3%A1cido_Domingo" title="Plácido Domingo">Plácido Domingo</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kathleen_Ferrier" title="Kathleen Ferrier">Kathleen Ferrier</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dietrich_Fischer-Dieskau" title="Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau">Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kirsten_Flagstad" title="Kirsten Flagstad">Kirsten Flagstad</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Fleming" title="Renée Fleming">Renée Fleming</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Angela_Gheorghiu" title="Angela Gheorghiu">Angela Gheorghiu</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nicolai_Ghiaurov" title="Nicolai Ghiaurov">Nicolai Ghiaurov</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tito_Gobbi" title="Tito Gobbi">Tito Gobbi</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thomas_Hampson" title="Thomas Hampson">Thomas Hampson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marilyn_Horne" title="Marilyn Horne">Marilyn Horne</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hans_Hotter" title="Hans Hotter">Hans Hotter</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dmitri_Hvorostovsky" title="Dmitri Hvorostovsky">Dmitri Hvorostovsky</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gundula_Janowitz" title="Gundula Janowitz">Gundula Janowitz</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jonas_Kaufmann" title="Jonas Kaufmann">Jonas Kaufmann</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Simon_Keenlyside" title="Simon Keenlyside">Simon Keenlyside</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emma_Kirkby" title="Emma Kirkby">Emma Kirkby</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anna_Netrebko" title="Anna Netrebko">Anna Netrebko</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Birgit_Nilsson" title="Birgit Nilsson">Birgit Nilsson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jessye_Norman" title="Jessye Norman">Jessye Norman</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anne_Sofie_von_Otter" title="Anne Sofie von Otter">Anne Sofie von Otter</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Luciano_Pavarotti" title="Luciano Pavarotti">Luciano Pavarotti</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Elisabeth_Schwarzkopf" title="Elisabeth Schwarzkopf">Elisabeth Schwarzkopf</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Joan_Sutherland" title="Joan Sutherland">Joan Sutherland</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Renata_Tebaldi" title="Renata Tebaldi">Renata Tebaldi</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kiri_Te_Kanawa" title="Kiri Te Kanawa">Kiri Te Kanawa</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bryn_Terfel" title="Bryn Terfel">Bryn Terfel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fritz_Wunderlich" title="Fritz Wunderlich">Fritz Wunderlich</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keyboardists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Leif_Ove_Andsnes" title="Leif Ove Andsnes">Leif Ove Andsnes</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Martha Argerich</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau">Claudio Arrau</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vladimir_Ashkenazy" title="Vladimir Ashkenazy">Vladimir Ashkenazy</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alfred_Brendel" title="Alfred Brendel">Alfred Brendel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emil_Gilels" title="Emil Gilels">Emil Gilels</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Glenn_Gould" title="Glenn Gould">Glenn Gould</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Friedrich_Gulda" title="Friedrich Gulda">Friedrich Gulda</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marc-Andr%C3%A9_Hamelin" title="Marc-André Hamelin">Marc-André Hamelin</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Marc-Andr%C3%A9_Hamelin_discography" title="Marc-André Hamelin discography"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Angela_Hewitt" title="Angela Hewitt">Angela Hewitt</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vladimir_Horowitz" title="Vladimir Horowitz">Vladimir Horowitz</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stephen_Hough" title="Stephen Hough">Stephen Hough</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wilhelm_Kempff" title="Wilhelm Kempff">Wilhelm Kempff</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Evgeny_Kissin" title="Evgeny Kissin">Evgeny Kissin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gustav_Leonhardt" title="Gustav Leonhardt">Gustav Leonhardt</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lang_Lang" title="Lang Lang">Lang Lang</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dinu_Lipatti" title="Dinu Lipatti">Dinu Lipatti</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Radu_Lupu" title="Radu Lupu">Radu Lupu</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arturo_Benedetti_Michelangeli" title="Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli">Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Murray_Perahia" title="Murray Perahia">Murray Perahia</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maurizio_Pollini" title="Maurizio Pollini">Maurizio Pollini</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Sergei Rachmaninoff</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sviatoslav_Richter" title="Sviatoslav Richter">Sviatoslav Richter</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arthur_Rubinstein" title="Arthur Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Schiff" title="András Schiff">András Schiff</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Artur_Schnabel" title="Artur Schnabel">Artur Schnabel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Grigory_Sokolov" title="Grigory Sokolov">Grigory Sokolov</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mitsuko_Uchida" title="Mitsuko Uchida">Mitsuko Uchida</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">String/brass/<br />woodwind players</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maurice_Andr%C3%A9" title="Maurice André">Maurice André</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dennis_Brain" title="Dennis Brain">Dennis Brain</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Julian_Bream" title="Julian Bream">Julian Bream</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pablo_Casals" title="Pablo Casals">Pablo Casals</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kyung_Wha_Chung" title="Kyung Wha Chung">Kyung Wha Chung</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jacqueline_du_Pr%C3%A9" title="Jacqueline du Pré">Jacqueline du Pré</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/James_Galway" title="James Galway">James Galway</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Arthur_Grumiaux" title="Arthur Grumiaux">Arthur Grumiaux</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jascha_Heifetz" title="Jascha Heifetz">Jascha Heifetz</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Heinz_Holliger" title="Heinz Holliger">Heinz Holliger</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Steven_Isserlis" title="Steven Isserlis">Steven Isserlis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fritz_Kreisler" title="Fritz Kreisler">Fritz Kreisler</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gidon_Kremer" title="Gidon Kremer">Gidon Kremer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wynton_Marsalis" title="Wynton Marsalis">Wynton Marsalis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Albrecht_Mayer" title="Albrecht Mayer">Albrecht Mayer</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin">Yehudi Menuhin</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nathan_Milstein" title="Nathan Milstein">Nathan Milstein</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anne-Sophie_Mutter" title="Anne-Sophie Mutter">Anne-Sophie Mutter</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/David_Oistrakh" title="David Oistrakh">David Oistrakh</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emmanuel_Pahud" title="Emmanuel Pahud">Emmanuel Pahud</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Itzhak_Perlman" title="Itzhak Perlman">Itzhak Perlman</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Rampal" title="Jean-Pierre Rampal">Jean-Pierre Rampal</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jordi_Savall" title="Jordi Savall">Jordi Savall</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia" title="Andrés Segovia">Andrés Segovia</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Williams_(guitarist)" title="John Williams (guitarist)">John Williams</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ensembles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alban_Berg_Quartett" title="Alban Berg Quartett">Alban Berg Quartett</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amadeus_Quartet" title="Amadeus Quartet">Amadeus Quartet</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Beaux_Arts_Trio" title="Beaux Arts Trio">Beaux Arts Trio</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_King%27s_Singers" title="The King's Singers">The King's Singers</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tak%C3%A1cs_Quartet" title="Takács Quartet">Takács Quartet</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Tallis_Scholars" title="The Tallis Scholars">The Tallis Scholars</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Producers/engineers/<br />record label executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bernard_Coutaz" title="Bernard Coutaz">Bernard Coutaz</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/John_Culshaw" title="John Culshaw">John Culshaw</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/C._Robert_Fine" class="mw-redirect" title="C. Robert Fine">C. Robert Fine</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fred_Gaisberg" title="Fred Gaisberg">Fred Gaisberg</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Klaus_Heymann" title="Klaus Heymann">Klaus Heymann</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">Alain Lanceron</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Walter_Legge" title="Walter Legge">Walter Legge</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Edward_Lewis_(Decca)" title="Edward Lewis (Decca)">Edward Lewis</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Goddard_Lieberson" title="Goddard Lieberson">Goddard Lieberson</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Richard_Mohr" title="Richard Mohr">Richard Mohr</a></span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap">Ted Perry</span></li>
<li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kenneth_Wilkinson" title="Kenneth Wilkinson">Kenneth Wilkinson</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156810#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156810#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156810#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/81425/">FAST</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000109350136">ISNI</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/110790549">VIAF</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1027579">Norway</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX836187">Spain</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13890863x">France</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13890863x">BnF data</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000055047">Argentina</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058608509106706">Catalonia</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/123997631">Germany</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Argerich, Martha"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/LO1V142055">Italy</a></span></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007427659805171">Israel</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81125408">United States</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/86lpsd4s57k3zp1">Sweden</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000117430&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00620277">Japan</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=js20020617023&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35587590">Australia</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201607883">Korea</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000226739&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070122466">Netherlands</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810604830205606">Poland</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA04027304?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/martha-argerich/81">Grammy Awards</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/3bb8b89e-5700-4d7a-aa0b-d48f8706831d">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd123997631.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1005276">Trove</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w64f2bcc">SNAC</a></span></li>
<li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/06094076X">IdRef</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1702250287' |