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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{short description|Singaporean technology company}}
{{Use dmy dates|date = March 2019}}
{{Use Singapore English|date = March 2019}}
{{Infobox company
| name = Creative Technology Ltd.
| native_name =
| logo = Creative_Technology_company_logo.svg
| image = File:Creativelabs.jpg
| image_caption = Creative Labs office in [[Milpitas, California]]
| type = [[Public company|Public]]
| traded_as = {{Sgx|C76}}
| genre =
| foundation = {{start date and age|1981|7|1|df=y}}
| founder = {{ubl|[[Sim Wong Hoo]]|Ng Kai Wa}}
| location_city =
| location_country =
| location = 31 International Business Park Rd, Lobby C, #03-01, Creative Resource, Singapore 609921
| locations =
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = {{ubl|Song Siow Hui <small>(Interim [[CEO]])</small>|Ng Keh Long <small>([[CFO]])</small>}}
| industry = Consumer electronics
| products = [[Multimedia]], [[Information Technology|IT]], [[Consumer electronics]]
| services =
| revenue = {{increase}} {{US$|link=yes}}61.3 million <small>(2022)</small><ref name="CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report">{{Cite web |title=CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report |url=https://www.creative.com/corporate/investor/files/AR/fy22.pdf}}</ref>
| operating_income =
| net_income = {{increase}} {{US$|link=yes}}-11 million <small>(2022)</small><ref name="CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report" />
| assets =
| equity =
| owner =
| num_employees = 800 <small>(2012)</small><ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Technology Ltd. |url=http://www.hoovers.com/company/Creative_Technology_Ltd/ctkjji-1.html |access-date=2010-11-11 |publisher=Hoover's}}</ref>
| parent =
| divisions =
| subsid = {{ubl|[[ZiiLABS]], [[3Dlabs]] and [[Sensaura]] (merged)|[[E-mu Systems]] and [[Ensoniq]] (merged)|[[Cambridge SoundWorks]]}}
| caption =
| homepage = {{URL|www.creative.com}}
| footnotes =
}}
'''Creative Technology Ltd.''', or '''Creative Labs [[Private limited company|Pte Ltd.]]''',<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sg.creative.com/corporate/companies | title=About Creative - Creative Companies - Creative Store (Singapore) }}</ref> is a [[Singapore]]an multinational technology company. The principal activities of the company and its subsidiaries consist of the design, manufacture and distribution of digitized sound and video boards, computers and related multimedia and personal [[digital entertainment]] products. It also partners with mainboard manufacturers and laptop brands to embed its [[Sound Blaster]] technology on their products.<ref>{{Cite web |last=(C) Creative Labs 1999-2015 |title=Creative OEM Partners |url=http://www.creative.com/oem/partner/pt_sc.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402120421/http://www.creative.com/oem/partner/pt_sc.asp |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref>
The company also has overseas offices in [[Shanghai]], [[Tokyo]], [[Dublin]] and the [[Silicon Valley]]. It has been listed on the [[Singapore Exchange]] (SGX) since 1994.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sg.creative.com/corporate/about | title=About Creative - Corporate Profile - Creative Store (Singapore) }}</ref>
== History ==
=== 1981–1996 ===
Creative Technology was founded in 1981 by childhood friends and [[Ngee Ann Polytechnic]] schoolmates [[Sim Wong Hoo]] and Ng Kai Wa. Originally a computer repair shop in Pearl's Centre in [[Chinatown, Singapore|Chinatown]], the company eventually developed an add-on memory board for the [[Apple II family|Apple II]] computer. Later, Creative spent $500,000 developing the Cubic CT, an IBM-compatible PC adapted for the [[Chinese language]] and featuring multimedia features like enhanced color graphics and a built-in audio board capable of producing speech and melodies. With lack of demand for multilingual computers and few multimedia software applications available, the Cubic was a commercial failure.
[[Image:Creative Music System.jpg|thumb|Creative Music System sound card]]
Shifting focus from language to music, Creative developed the Creative Music System, a PC add-on card. Sim established Creative Labs, Inc. in the United States' [[Silicon Valley]] and convinced software developers to support the sound card, renamed Game Blaster and marketed by [[RadioShack]]'s [[Tandy Corporation|Tandy]] division. The success of this audio interface led to the development of the standalone Sound Blaster [[sound card]], introduced at the 1989 [[COMDEX]] show just as the multimedia PC market, fueled by Intel's 386 CPU and Microsoft Windows 3.0, took off. The success of [[Sound Blaster]] helped grow Creative's revenue from US$5.4 million in 1989 to US$658 million in 1994.<ref name="DedrickKraemer1998">{{Cite book |last1=Jason Dedrick |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ceCt71aib4C |title=Asia's Computer Challenge: Threat or Opportunity for the United States and the World? |last2=Kenneth L. Kraemer |date=20 August 1998 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-535280-1 |pages=179–180}}</ref>
In 1993, the year after Creative's initial public offering, in 1992, former [[Ashton-Tate]] CEO [[Ed Esber]] joined Creative Labs as CEO to assemble a management team to support the company's rapid growth. Esber brought in a team of US executives, including Rich Buchanan (graphics), Gail Pomerantz (marketing), and Rich Sorkin (sound products, and later communications, OEM and business development).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oral History of Edward M. Esber, Jr. |url=http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/Oral_History/Esber_Edward/Esber_Edward.oral_history.2004.102657944.pdf }}</ref> This group played key roles in reversing a brutal market share decline caused by intense competition from [[Media Vision]] at the high end and Aztech at the low end. Sorkin, in particular, dramatically strengthened the company's brand position through crisp licensing and an aggressive defense of Creative's intellectual property positions while working to shorten product development cycles.
At the same time, Esber and the original founders of the company had differences of opinion on the strategy and positioning of the company. Esber exited in 1995, followed quickly by Buchanan and Pomerantz. Following Esber's departure, Sorkin was promoted to General Manager of Audio and Communication Products and later Executive Vice-President of Business Development and Corporate Investments, before leaving Creative in 1996 to run [[Elon Musk]]'s first startup and Internet pioneer [[Zip2]].
By 1996, Creative's revenues had peaked at US$1.6 billion. With pioneering investments in [[VOIP]] and media streaming, Creative was well-positioned to take advantage of the Internet era, but ventured into the CD-ROM market and was eventually forced to write off nearly US$100 million in inventory when the market collapsed due to a flood of cheaper alternatives.<ref>{{Cite web |work=Asiaweek |title=Creative's Genius |date=29 September 2000 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/technology/2000/0929/acom.cover.html |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref>
=== 1997–2011 ===
The firm had maintained a strong foothold in the [[Industry Standard Architecture|ISA]] PC audio market until 14 July 1997 when [[Aureal Semiconductor]] entered the soundcard market with their very competitive [[Peripheral Component Interconnect|PCI]] AU8820 Vortex 3D sound technology. The firm at the time was in development of their own in house PCI audio cards but were finding little success adopting the PCI standard. In January 1998 in order to quickly facilitate a working PCI audio technology, the firm made the acquisition of [[Ensoniq]] for US$77 million. On 5 March 1998 the firm sued Aureal<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 August 1999 |title=Aureal And Creative Engage In Legal Skirmish |publisher=Aureal |url=http://www.aureal.com/cgi-bin/pub/display.pl?template=press_aur_detail.htm&serial=76 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990829025202/http://www.aureal.com/cgi-bin/pub/display.pl?template=press_aur_detail.htm&serial=76 |archive-date=29 August 1999}}</ref> with patent infringement claims over a MIDI caching technology<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Labs v. Aureal |work=fido7.su.hardw.pc.sound |type=Usenet post |via=DSP Wiki |url=http://dspwiki.com/index.php?title=Creative_Labs_v._Aureal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203120118/http://dspwiki.com/index.php?title=Creative_Labs_v._Aureal |archive-date=3 February 2015 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> held by [[E-mu Systems]]. Aureal filed a counterclaim<ref>{{Cite news |last=Magee |first=Mike |work=[[The Register]] |title=Writs fly as Aureal countersues Creative Technologies |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/1999/04/01/writs_fly_as_aureal_countersues/ |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> stating the firm was intentionally interfering with its business prospects, had defamed them, commercially disparaged, engaged in [[unfair competition]] with intent to slow down Aureals sales, and acted fraudulently. The suit had come only days after Aureal gained a fair market with the AU8820 Vortex1.
In August 1998, the [[Sound Blaster Live!]] was the firm's first sound card developed for the [[Peripheral Component Interconnect|PCI]] bus in order to compete with upcoming Aureal AU8830 Vortex2 sound chip.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aureal Welcomes Creative Labs to Competitive Marketplace |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Aureal+Welcomes+Creative+Labs+to+Competitive+Marketplace.-a053377442 |access-date=17 April 2015 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222143630/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Aureal+Welcomes+Creative+Labs+to+Competitive+Marketplace.-a053377442 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Aureal at this time were making fliers comparing their new AU8830 chips to the now shipping [[Sound Blaster Live!]]. The specifications within these fliers comparing the AU8830 to the [[Sound Blaster Live!]] EMU10K1 chip sparked another flurry of lawsuits against Aureal,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Files False Advertising and Other Claims Against Aureal |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Creative+Files+False+Advertising+and+Other+Claims+Against+Aureal.-a053046886 |access-date=17 April 2015 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222143628/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Creative+Files+False+Advertising+and+Other+Claims+Against+Aureal.-a053046886 |url-status=dead }}</ref> this time claiming Aureal had falsely advertised the [[Sound Blaster Live!]]'s capabilities.{{cn|reason=Scribd is a deprecated source per [[WP:RS/P]]|date=December 2021}}
In December 1999, after numerous lawsuits, Aureal won a favourable ruling but went bankrupt as a result of legal costs and their investors pulling out. Their assets were acquired by Creative through the [[bankruptcy court]] in September 2000 for US$32 million.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALive! |url=http://alive.singnet.com.sg/features/aureal-creative.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010054918/http://alive.singnet.com.sg/features/aureal-creative.htm |archive-date=10 October 2007 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> The firm had in effect removed their only major direct competitor in the 3D gaming audio market, excluding their later acquisition of [[Sensaura]].
In April 1999, the firm launched the [[Creative NOMAD|NOMAD]] line of [[digital audio player]]s that would later introduce the [[Creative MuVo|MuVo]] and [[Creative Zen|ZEN]] series of [[portable media player]]s. In November 2004, the firm announced a $100 million marketing campaign to promote their digital audio products, including the ZEN range of MP3 players.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Tony |work=[[The Register]] |title=Creative declares war on iPod |date=18 November 2004 |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/11/18/creative_vs_apple/ |access-date=2010-11-11 }}</ref>
The firm applied for {{US patent|6928433}} on 5 January 2001 and was awarded the patent on 9 August 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Press Relations |publisher=Creative Technology |url=http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/?id=12175 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> The Zen patent was awarded to the firm for the invention of user interface for portable media players. This opened the way for potential legal action against Apple's iPod and the other competing players.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} The firm took legal actions against Apple in May 2006. In August, 2006, Creative and Apple entered into a broad settlement,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Press Relations |url=http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/?id=12585 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> with Apple paying Creative $100 million for the licence to use the Zen patent.<ref name="bloomberg.com">{{Cite news |title=A Steve Jobs Rival Who Hit Hard Times Makes Remarkable Comeback |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-20/a-steve-jobs-rival-who-hit-hard-times-makes-remarkable-comeback |access-date=21 March 2019 |website=Bloomberg|date=20 February 2019 }}</ref> The firm then joined the "Made for iPod" program.
[[File:ZEN V.jpg|thumb|[[Creative ZEN]] V digital music player]]
On 22 March 2005, ''[[The Inquirer]]'' reported that Creative Labs had agreed to settle in a [[class action lawsuit]] about the way its [[Audigy]] and Extigy soundcards were marketed. The firm offered customers who purchased the cards up to a $62.50 reduction on the cost of their next purchase of its products, while the lawyers involved in filing the dispute against Creative received a payment of approximately $470,000.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Burns |first=Simon |date=2005-03-22 |title=Creative Labs owes you $62 |work=The Inquirer |url=http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1024547/creative-labs-owes-usd62 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100213071020/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1024547/creative-labs-owes-usd62 |url-status=unfit |archive-date=13 February 2010 |access-date=2010-03-26}}</ref>
In 2007, Creative voluntarily delisted itself from [[NASDAQ]], where it had the symbol of CREAF.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Creative Technology Announces Completion of Its Voluntary Delisting from Nasdaq – Company's Sole Exchange Listing Now On the SGX-ST |date=2007-09-04 |publisher=Creative |url=http://creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=12796 |access-date=2008-01-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204214306/http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=12796 |archive-date=2008-12-04}}</ref> Its stocks are now solely on the [[Singapore Exchange]] (SGX-ST).
In early 2008, Creative Labs' technical support centre, located in Stillwater, Oklahoma, US laid off several technical support staff, furthering ongoing concerns surrounding Creative's financial situation. Later that year, the company faced a public-relations backlash when it demanded that a user named "Daniel_K" cease distributing modified versions of drivers for Windows Vista which restored functionality that had been available in drivers for Windows XP.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hruska |first=Joel |date=2008-03-31 |title=Creative irate after modder spruces up Vista X-Fi drivers |work=Ars Technica |url=https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20080331-creative-irate-after-modder-spruces-up-vista-x-fi-drivers.html |access-date=2018-01-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Walters |first=Chris |date=2008-03-31 |title=Creative Sparks Customer Revolt When It Tries To Silence Third-Party Programmer |work=The Consumerist |url=https://consumerist.com/2008/03/31/creative-sparks-customer-revolt-when-it-tries-to-silence-third-party-programmer/ |access-date=2018-01-18}}</ref> The company deleted his account from its online forums but reinstated it a week later.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Alexander |first=Carey |date=2008-04-05 |title=Creative Backs Down, Reinstates Spurned Developer |work=The Consumerist |url=https://consumerist.com/2008/04/05/creative-backs-down-reinstates-spurned-developer/ |access-date=2018-01-18}}</ref>
In January 2009, the firm generated Internet buzz with a mysterious website<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zii |url=http://www.zii.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115202044/http://www.zii.com/ |archive-date=2009-01-15}}</ref> promising a "stem cell-like" processor which would give a 100-fold increase in supercomputing power over current technology, as well as advances in consumer 3D graphics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative's Zii 'Stemcell Computing' is not likely to be awesome |url=https://www.engadget.com/2008/12/26/creatives-zii-stemcell-computing-is-not-likely-to-be-awesome |access-date=2010-11-11 |work=Engadget|date=26 December 2008 }}</ref> At [[Consumer Electronics Show|CES]] 2009, it was revealed to be the ZMS-05 processor from [[ZiiLABS]], a subsidiary formed from the combining of [[3DLabs]] and Creative's Personal Digital Entertainment division.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative unveils Zii |url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/01/08/creative-unveils-zii |access-date=2010-11-11 |work=Engadget|date=8 January 2009 }}</ref>
=== 2012–present ===
In November 2012, the firm announced it has entered into an agreement with [[Intel Corporation]] for Intel to license technology and patents from ZiiLABS Inc. Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Creative, and acquire engineering resources and assets related to its UK branch as a part of a $50 million deal. [[ZiiLABS]] (still wholly owned by Creative) continues to retain all ownership of its StemCell media processor technologies and patents, and will continue to supply and support its ZMS series of chips to its customers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative to license technology and patents to Intel as part of a us$50 million deal |url=http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=13300 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121129222355/http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=13300 |archive-date=2012-11-29 |access-date=2012-11-19 |publisher=Creative Technology Ltd}}</ref>
From 2014 to 2017, Creative's revenue from audio products have contracted at an average of 15% annually, due to increased competition in the audio space.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mittal |first=Sachin |date=1 March 2018 |title=Creative Technology – DBS Research 2018-03-01: Game Changing Portable 3d Audio |url=https://research.sginvestors.io/2018/03/creative-technology-dbs-research-2018-03-01.html |website=SGinvestors}}</ref>
At the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas in January 2018, its Super X-Fi dongle won the Best of CES 2018 Award by AVS Forum.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-03-19 |title=Creative CEO: Super X-Fi audio tech more revolutionary than colour TV |language=en |work=The New Paper |url=https://tnp.straitstimes.com/news/singapore/creative-ceo-super-x-fi-audio-tech-more-revolutionary-colour-tv |access-date=2018-04-10}}</ref> The product was launched after more than $100 million in investment and garnered positive analyst reports.<ref name="bloomberg.com" /> This new technology renewed interest in the company and likely helped to raise its share price from S$1.25 to S$8.75 within a 2-week period.<ref>{{Cite web |title=C76.SI interactive stock chart {{!}} Creative Technology Ltd. stock |work=Yahoo Finance |url=https://sg.finance.yahoo.com/chart/C76.SI/ |access-date=2020-01-18 |language=en-SG}}</ref>
The company is still producing Chinese-language and bilingual software for the [[Singapore]] market, but nearly half of the company's income is generated in the United States and South America; the European Union represents 32% of revenues, with [[Asia]] making the remainder.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Technology Ltd history |url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/creative-technology-ltd-history/ |access-date=21 March 2019 |website=Fundinguniverse}}</ref>
On January 4, 2023, Sim died at age 67, with president of Creative Labs Business Unit Song Siow Hui appointed as interim CEO.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Technology founder and CEO Sim Wong Hoo dies |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/sim-wong-hoo-dies-creative-technology-founder-ceo-3184226 |access-date=2023-01-05 |website=CNA |language=en}}</ref>
==Products==
===Sound Blaster===
{{main|Sound Blaster}}
Creative's [[Sound Blaster]] [[sound card]] was among the first dedicated audio processing cards to be made widely available to the general consumer. As the first to bundle what is now considered to be a part of a sound card system: digital audio, on-board music synthesizer, MIDI interface and a joystick port, Sound Blaster rose to become a [[de facto]] standard for sound cards in PCs for many years. Creative Technology have made their own file format [[Creative Voice file|Creative Voice]] which has the [[file format]] <code>.voc</code>.
In 1987 Creative Technology released the ''Creative Music System'' (C/MS), a 12-voice sound card for the [[IBM Personal Computer|IBM PC]] architecture. When C/MS struggled to acquire market share, Sim traveled from Singapore to [[Silicon Valley]] and negotiated a deal with [[RadioShack]]'s [[Tandy Corporation|Tandy]] division to market the product as the Game Blaster.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Graham |first=Jefferson |date=2004-06-28 |title=Creative's name describes CEO |publisher=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/2004-06-28-sim_x.htm |access-date=2008-03-31}}</ref> While the Game Blaster did not overcome [[AdLib|AdLib's]] sound card market dominance, Creative used the platform to create the first [[Sound Blaster]], which retained CM/S hardware and added the [[Yamaha YM3812]] chip found on the AdLib card, as well as adding a component for playing and recording digital samples. Creative aggressively marketed the "stereo" aspect of the Sound Blaster (only the C/MS chips were capable of stereo, not the complete product) to calling the sound producing micro-controller a "DSP", hoping to associate the product with a [[digital signal processor]] (the DSP could encode/decode ADPCM in real time, but otherwise had no other DSP-like qualities). Monaural Sound Blaster cards were introduced in 1989, and Sound Blaster Pro stereo cards followed in 1992. The 16-bit [[Sound Blaster AWE32]] added Wavetable MIDI, and [[Sound Blaster AWE64|AWE64]] offered 32 and 64 voices.
Sound Blaster achieved competitive control of the PC audio market by 1992, the same year that its main competitor, Ad Lib, Inc., went bankrupt.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ad lib | PC Perspective |url=https://www.pcper.com/category/tags/ad-lib |website=www.pcper.com}}</ref> In the mid-1990s, following the launch of the Sound Blaster 16 and related products, Creative Technologies' audio revenue grew from US$40 million to nearly US$1 billion annually.
The sixth generation of Sound Blaster sound cards introduced SBX Pro Studio, a feature that restores the highs and lows of compressed audio files, enhancing detail and clarity. SBX Pro Studio also offers user settings for controlling bass and virtual surround.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is SBX Pro Studio? |url=http://www.creative.com/audiomadeclever/what-is-sbx-pro-studio |access-date=17 April 2015 |website=Audio Made Clever |publisher=Creative}}</ref>
=== Creative X-Fi Sonic Carrier ===
The Creative X-Fi Sonic Carrier, launched in January 2016, consists of a long main unit and a subwoofer that houses 17 drivers in an 11.2.4 speaker configuration. It incorporates [[Dolby Atmos]] surround processing, and also features Creative's EAX 15.2 Dimensional Audio to extract, enhance and upscale sound from legacy material.
The audio and video engine of the X-Fi Sonic Carrier are powered by 7 processors with a total of 14 cores. It supports both local and streaming video content at up to 4K 60 fps, as well as 15.2 channels of high resolution audio playback.
It also comes with 3 distinct wireless technologies that allow multi-room Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and a zero-latency speaker-to-speaker link to up to 4 subwoofer units.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Press Relations |url=http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/?id=13494 |access-date=2016-03-04 |publisher=Creative}}</ref>
===Other products===
[[File:Creative T4 Wireless 2.1 Speakers.jpg|thumb|Creative T4 speakers]]
* Headphones
* Gaming headsets
* Portable Bluetooth speakers
* Creative GigaWorks [[ProGamer G500]] speakers
===Discontinued products===
* [[Compact Disc|CD]] and [[DVD]] players, drives, and controller cards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |date=24 March 1997 |title=Creative Does DVD |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/news/news-1997-03-24.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980218070742/http://www.pcgamer.com/news/news-1997-03-24.html |archive-date=18 February 1998 |access-date=5 December 2019 |website=PC Gamer}}</ref>
* [[Graphics card]]s
* [[Prodikeys]], a [[computer keyboard]]/[[musical keyboard]] combination
* [[Mouse (computing)|Optical mice]] and [[Keyboard (computing)|keyboards]]
* [[Creative Vado|Vado HD]]
* [[Creative Zen]] and [[Creative MuVo]] portable media players
== See also ==
* [[AdLib]]
* [[Aureal Semiconductor]]
* [[Ensoniq]]
* [[Environmental audio extensions]]
* [[Sensaura]]
* [[Yamaha Corporation|Yamaha]]
=== Divisions and brands ===
* [[Cambridge SoundWorks]]
* [[Creative MuVo]]
* [[Creative NOMAD]]
* [[Creative ZEN]]
* [[E-mu Systems]]/[[Ensoniq]]
* [[Sound Blaster]]
* [[Sensaura]]
* [[SoundFont]]
* [[ZiiLABS]], formerly [[3Dlabs]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{commons category|Creative Technology}}
* {{official|https://www.creative.com}}
{{Creative Technology}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Creative Technology| ]]
[[Category:Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Singapore Exchange]]
[[Category:Computer companies established in 1981]]
[[Category:Computer hardware companies]]
[[Category:Computer peripheral companies]]
[[Category:Design companies established in 1981]]
[[Category:Electronics companies established in 1981]]
[[Category:Headphones manufacturers]]
[[Category:Loudspeaker manufacturers]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1981]]
[[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in Singapore]]
[[Category:Portable audio player manufacturers]]
[[Category:Singaporean brands]]
[[Category:Singaporean companies established in 1981]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '== History ==
=== 1981–1996 ===
Creative Technology was founded in 1981 by childhood friends and [[Ngee Ann Polytechnic]] schoolmates [[Sim Wong Hoo]] and Ng Kai Wa. Originally a computer repair shop in Pearl's Centre in [[Chinatown, Singapore|Chinatown]], the company eventually developed an add-on memory board for the [[Apple II family|Apple II]] computer. Later, Creative spent $500,000 developing the Cubic CT, an IBM-compatible PC adapted for the [[Chinese language]] and featuring multimedia features like enhanced color graphics and a built-in audio board capable of producing speech and melodies. With lack of demand for multilingual computers and few multimedia software applications available, the Cubic was a commercial failure.
[[Image:Creative Music System.jpg|thumb|Creative Music System sound card]]
Shifting focus from language to music, Creative developed the Creative Music System, a PC add-on card. Sim established Creative Labs, Inc. in the United States' [[Silicon Valley]] and convinced software developers to support the sound card, renamed Game Blaster and marketed by [[RadioShack]]'s [[Tandy Corporation|Tandy]] division. The success of this audio interface led to the development of the standalone Sound Blaster [[sound card]], introduced at the 1989 [[COMDEX]] show just as the multimedia PC market, fueled by Intel's 386 CPU and Microsoft Windows 3.0, took off. The success of [[Sound Blaster]] helped grow Creative's revenue from US$5.4 million in 1989 to US$658 million in 1994.<ref name="DedrickKraemer1998">{{Cite book |last1=Jason Dedrick |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7ceCt71aib4C |title=Asia's Computer Challenge: Threat or Opportunity for the United States and the World? |last2=Kenneth L. Kraemer |date=20 August 1998 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-535280-1 |pages=179–180}}</ref>
In 1993, the year after Creative's initial public offering, in 1992, former [[Ashton-Tate]] CEO [[Ed Esber]] joined Creative Labs as CEO to assemble a management team to support the company's rapid growth. Esber brought in a team of US executives, including Rich Buchanan (graphics), Gail Pomerantz (marketing), and Rich Sorkin (sound products, and later communications, OEM and business development).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oral History of Edward M. Esber, Jr. |url=http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/Oral_History/Esber_Edward/Esber_Edward.oral_history.2004.102657944.pdf }}</ref> This group played key roles in reversing a brutal market share decline caused by intense competition from [[Media Vision]] at the high end and Aztech at the low end. Sorkin, in particular, dramatically strengthened the company's brand position through crisp licensing and an aggressive defense of Creative's intellectual property positions while working to shorten product development cycles.
At the same time, Esber and the original founders of the company had differences of opinion on the strategy and positioning of the company. Esber exited in 1995, followed quickly by Buchanan and Pomerantz. Following Esber's departure, Sorkin was promoted to General Manager of Audio and Communication Products and later Executive Vice-President of Business Development and Corporate Investments, before leaving Creative in 1996 to run [[Elon Musk]]'s first startup and Internet pioneer [[Zip2]].
By 1996, Creative's revenues had peaked at US$1.6 billion. With pioneering investments in [[VOIP]] and media streaming, Creative was well-positioned to take advantage of the Internet era, but ventured into the CD-ROM market and was eventually forced to write off nearly US$100 million in inventory when the market collapsed due to a flood of cheaper alternatives.<ref>{{Cite web |work=Asiaweek |title=Creative's Genius |date=29 September 2000 |url=http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/technology/2000/0929/acom.cover.html |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref>
=== 1997–2011 ===
The firm had maintained a strong foothold in the [[Industry Standard Architecture|ISA]] PC audio market until 14 July 1997 when [[Aureal Semiconductor]] entered the soundcard market with their very competitive [[Peripheral Component Interconnect|PCI]] AU8820 Vortex 3D sound technology. The firm at the time was in development of their own in house PCI audio cards but were finding little success adopting the PCI standard. In January 1998 in order to quickly facilitate a working PCI audio technology, the firm made the acquisition of [[Ensoniq]] for US$77 million. On 5 March 1998 the firm sued Aureal<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 August 1999 |title=Aureal And Creative Engage In Legal Skirmish |publisher=Aureal |url=http://www.aureal.com/cgi-bin/pub/display.pl?template=press_aur_detail.htm&serial=76 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19990829025202/http://www.aureal.com/cgi-bin/pub/display.pl?template=press_aur_detail.htm&serial=76 |archive-date=29 August 1999}}</ref> with patent infringement claims over a MIDI caching technology<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Labs v. Aureal |work=fido7.su.hardw.pc.sound |type=Usenet post |via=DSP Wiki |url=http://dspwiki.com/index.php?title=Creative_Labs_v._Aureal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203120118/http://dspwiki.com/index.php?title=Creative_Labs_v._Aureal |archive-date=3 February 2015 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> held by [[E-mu Systems]]. Aureal filed a counterclaim<ref>{{Cite news |last=Magee |first=Mike |work=[[The Register]] |title=Writs fly as Aureal countersues Creative Technologies |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/1999/04/01/writs_fly_as_aureal_countersues/ |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> stating the firm was intentionally interfering with its business prospects, had defamed them, commercially disparaged, engaged in [[unfair competition]] with intent to slow down Aureals sales, and acted fraudulently. The suit had come only days after Aureal gained a fair market with the AU8820 Vortex1.
In August 1998, the [[Sound Blaster Live!]] was the firm's first sound card developed for the [[Peripheral Component Interconnect|PCI]] bus in order to compete with upcoming Aureal AU8830 Vortex2 sound chip.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Aureal Welcomes Creative Labs to Competitive Marketplace |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Aureal+Welcomes+Creative+Labs+to+Competitive+Marketplace.-a053377442 |access-date=17 April 2015 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222143630/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Aureal+Welcomes+Creative+Labs+to+Competitive+Marketplace.-a053377442 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Aureal at this time were making fliers comparing their new AU8830 chips to the now shipping [[Sound Blaster Live!]]. The specifications within these fliers comparing the AU8830 to the [[Sound Blaster Live!]] EMU10K1 chip sparked another flurry of lawsuits against Aureal,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Files False Advertising and Other Claims Against Aureal |url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Creative+Files+False+Advertising+and+Other+Claims+Against+Aureal.-a053046886 |access-date=17 April 2015 |archive-date=22 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222143628/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Creative+Files+False+Advertising+and+Other+Claims+Against+Aureal.-a053046886 |url-status=dead }}</ref> this time claiming Aureal had falsely advertised the [[Sound Blaster Live!]]'s capabilities.{{cn|reason=Scribd is a deprecated source per [[WP:RS/P]]|date=December 2021}}
In December 1999, after numerous lawsuits, Aureal won a favourable ruling but went bankrupt as a result of legal costs and their investors pulling out. Their assets were acquired by Creative through the [[bankruptcy court]] in September 2000 for US$32 million.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ALive! |url=http://alive.singnet.com.sg/features/aureal-creative.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071010054918/http://alive.singnet.com.sg/features/aureal-creative.htm |archive-date=10 October 2007 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> The firm had in effect removed their only major direct competitor in the 3D gaming audio market, excluding their later acquisition of [[Sensaura]].
In April 1999, the firm launched the [[Creative NOMAD|NOMAD]] line of [[digital audio player]]s that would later introduce the [[Creative MuVo|MuVo]] and [[Creative Zen|ZEN]] series of [[portable media player]]s. In November 2004, the firm announced a $100 million marketing campaign to promote their digital audio products, including the ZEN range of MP3 players.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Tony |work=[[The Register]] |title=Creative declares war on iPod |date=18 November 2004 |url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/11/18/creative_vs_apple/ |access-date=2010-11-11 }}</ref>
The firm applied for {{US patent|6928433}} on 5 January 2001 and was awarded the patent on 9 August 2005.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Press Relations |publisher=Creative Technology |url=http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/?id=12175 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> The Zen patent was awarded to the firm for the invention of user interface for portable media players. This opened the way for potential legal action against Apple's iPod and the other competing players.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} The firm took legal actions against Apple in May 2006. In August, 2006, Creative and Apple entered into a broad settlement,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Press Relations |url=http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/?id=12585 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref> with Apple paying Creative $100 million for the licence to use the Zen patent.<ref name="bloomberg.com">{{Cite news |title=A Steve Jobs Rival Who Hit Hard Times Makes Remarkable Comeback |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-20/a-steve-jobs-rival-who-hit-hard-times-makes-remarkable-comeback |access-date=21 March 2019 |website=Bloomberg|date=20 February 2019 }}</ref> The firm then joined the "Made for iPod" program.
[[File:ZEN V.jpg|thumb|[[Creative ZEN]] V digital music player]]
On 22 March 2005, ''[[The Inquirer]]'' reported that Creative Labs had agreed to settle in a [[class action lawsuit]] about the way its [[Audigy]] and Extigy soundcards were marketed. The firm offered customers who purchased the cards up to a $62.50 reduction on the cost of their next purchase of its products, while the lawyers involved in filing the dispute against Creative received a payment of approximately $470,000.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Burns |first=Simon |date=2005-03-22 |title=Creative Labs owes you $62 |work=The Inquirer |url=http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1024547/creative-labs-owes-usd62 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100213071020/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1024547/creative-labs-owes-usd62 |url-status=unfit |archive-date=13 February 2010 |access-date=2010-03-26}}</ref>
In 2007, Creative voluntarily delisted itself from [[NASDAQ]], where it had the symbol of CREAF.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Creative Technology Announces Completion of Its Voluntary Delisting from Nasdaq – Company's Sole Exchange Listing Now On the SGX-ST |date=2007-09-04 |publisher=Creative |url=http://creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=12796 |access-date=2008-01-01 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204214306/http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=12796 |archive-date=2008-12-04}}</ref> Its stocks are now solely on the [[Singapore Exchange]] (SGX-ST).
In early 2008, Creative Labs' technical support centre, located in Stillwater, Oklahoma, US laid off several technical support staff, furthering ongoing concerns surrounding Creative's financial situation. Later that year, the company faced a public-relations backlash when it demanded that a user named "Daniel_K" cease distributing modified versions of drivers for Windows Vista which restored functionality that had been available in drivers for Windows XP.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hruska |first=Joel |date=2008-03-31 |title=Creative irate after modder spruces up Vista X-Fi drivers |work=Ars Technica |url=https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20080331-creative-irate-after-modder-spruces-up-vista-x-fi-drivers.html |access-date=2018-01-18}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Walters |first=Chris |date=2008-03-31 |title=Creative Sparks Customer Revolt When It Tries To Silence Third-Party Programmer |work=The Consumerist |url=https://consumerist.com/2008/03/31/creative-sparks-customer-revolt-when-it-tries-to-silence-third-party-programmer/ |access-date=2018-01-18}}</ref> The company deleted his account from its online forums but reinstated it a week later.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Alexander |first=Carey |date=2008-04-05 |title=Creative Backs Down, Reinstates Spurned Developer |work=The Consumerist |url=https://consumerist.com/2008/04/05/creative-backs-down-reinstates-spurned-developer/ |access-date=2018-01-18}}</ref>
In January 2009, the firm generated Internet buzz with a mysterious website<ref>{{Cite web |title=Zii |url=http://www.zii.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090115202044/http://www.zii.com/ |archive-date=2009-01-15}}</ref> promising a "stem cell-like" processor which would give a 100-fold increase in supercomputing power over current technology, as well as advances in consumer 3D graphics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative's Zii 'Stemcell Computing' is not likely to be awesome |url=https://www.engadget.com/2008/12/26/creatives-zii-stemcell-computing-is-not-likely-to-be-awesome |access-date=2010-11-11 |work=Engadget|date=26 December 2008 }}</ref> At [[Consumer Electronics Show|CES]] 2009, it was revealed to be the ZMS-05 processor from [[ZiiLABS]], a subsidiary formed from the combining of [[3DLabs]] and Creative's Personal Digital Entertainment division.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative unveils Zii |url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/01/08/creative-unveils-zii |access-date=2010-11-11 |work=Engadget|date=8 January 2009 }}</ref>
=== 2012–present ===
In November 2012, the firm announced it has entered into an agreement with [[Intel Corporation]] for Intel to license technology and patents from ZiiLABS Inc. Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Creative, and acquire engineering resources and assets related to its UK branch as a part of a $50 million deal. [[ZiiLABS]] (still wholly owned by Creative) continues to retain all ownership of its StemCell media processor technologies and patents, and will continue to supply and support its ZMS series of chips to its customers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative to license technology and patents to Intel as part of a us$50 million deal |url=http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=13300 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121129222355/http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=13300 |archive-date=2012-11-29 |access-date=2012-11-19 |publisher=Creative Technology Ltd}}</ref>
From 2014 to 2017, Creative's revenue from audio products have contracted at an average of 15% annually, due to increased competition in the audio space.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mittal |first=Sachin |date=1 March 2018 |title=Creative Technology – DBS Research 2018-03-01: Game Changing Portable 3d Audio |url=https://research.sginvestors.io/2018/03/creative-technology-dbs-research-2018-03-01.html |website=SGinvestors}}</ref>
At the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas in January 2018, its Super X-Fi dongle won the Best of CES 2018 Award by AVS Forum.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-03-19 |title=Creative CEO: Super X-Fi audio tech more revolutionary than colour TV |language=en |work=The New Paper |url=https://tnp.straitstimes.com/news/singapore/creative-ceo-super-x-fi-audio-tech-more-revolutionary-colour-tv |access-date=2018-04-10}}</ref> The product was launched after more than $100 million in investment and garnered positive analyst reports.<ref name="bloomberg.com" /> This new technology renewed interest in the company and likely helped to raise its share price from S$1.25 to S$8.75 within a 2-week period.<ref>{{Cite web |title=C76.SI interactive stock chart {{!}} Creative Technology Ltd. stock |work=Yahoo Finance |url=https://sg.finance.yahoo.com/chart/C76.SI/ |access-date=2020-01-18 |language=en-SG}}</ref>
The company is still producing Chinese-language and bilingual software for the [[Singapore]] market, but nearly half of the company's income is generated in the United States and South America; the European Union represents 32% of revenues, with [[Asia]] making the remainder.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Technology Ltd history |url=http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/creative-technology-ltd-history/ |access-date=21 March 2019 |website=Fundinguniverse}}</ref>
On January 4, 2023, Sim died at age 67, with president of Creative Labs Business Unit Song Siow Hui appointed as interim CEO.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Technology founder and CEO Sim Wong Hoo dies |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/sim-wong-hoo-dies-creative-technology-founder-ceo-3184226 |access-date=2023-01-05 |website=CNA |language=en}}</ref>
==Products==
===Sound Blaster===
{{main|Sound Blaster}}
Creative's [[Sound Blaster]] [[sound card]] was among the first dedicated audio processing cards to be made widely available to the general consumer. As the first to bundle what is now considered to be a part of a sound card system: digital audio, on-board music synthesizer, MIDI interface and a joystick port, Sound Blaster rose to become a [[de facto]] standard for sound cards in PCs for many years. Creative Technology have made their own file format [[Creative Voice file|Creative Voice]] which has the [[file format]] <code>.voc</code>.
In 1987 Creative Technology released the ''Creative Music System'' (C/MS), a 12-voice sound card for the [[IBM Personal Computer|IBM PC]] architecture. When C/MS struggled to acquire market share, Sim traveled from Singapore to [[Silicon Valley]] and negotiated a deal with [[RadioShack]]'s [[Tandy Corporation|Tandy]] division to market the product as the Game Blaster.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Graham |first=Jefferson |date=2004-06-28 |title=Creative's name describes CEO |publisher=USA Today |url=https://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/2004-06-28-sim_x.htm |access-date=2008-03-31}}</ref> While the Game Blaster did not overcome [[AdLib|AdLib's]] sound card market dominance, Creative used the platform to create the first [[Sound Blaster]], which retained CM/S hardware and added the [[Yamaha YM3812]] chip found on the AdLib card, as well as adding a component for playing and recording digital samples. Creative aggressively marketed the "stereo" aspect of the Sound Blaster (only the C/MS chips were capable of stereo, not the complete product) to calling the sound producing micro-controller a "DSP", hoping to associate the product with a [[digital signal processor]] (the DSP could encode/decode ADPCM in real time, but otherwise had no other DSP-like qualities). Monaural Sound Blaster cards were introduced in 1989, and Sound Blaster Pro stereo cards followed in 1992. The 16-bit [[Sound Blaster AWE32]] added Wavetable MIDI, and [[Sound Blaster AWE64|AWE64]] offered 32 and 64 voices.
Sound Blaster achieved competitive control of the PC audio market by 1992, the same year that its main competitor, Ad Lib, Inc., went bankrupt.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ad lib | PC Perspective |url=https://www.pcper.com/category/tags/ad-lib |website=www.pcper.com}}</ref> In the mid-1990s, following the launch of the Sound Blaster 16 and related products, Creative Technologies' audio revenue grew from US$40 million to nearly US$1 billion annually.
The sixth generation of Sound Blaster sound cards introduced SBX Pro Studio, a feature that restores the highs and lows of compressed audio files, enhancing detail and clarity. SBX Pro Studio also offers user settings for controlling bass and virtual surround.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What is SBX Pro Studio? |url=http://www.creative.com/audiomadeclever/what-is-sbx-pro-studio |access-date=17 April 2015 |website=Audio Made Clever |publisher=Creative}}</ref>
=== Creative X-Fi Sonic Carrier ===
The Creative X-Fi Sonic Carrier, launched in January 2016, consists of a long main unit and a subwoofer that houses 17 drivers in an 11.2.4 speaker configuration. It incorporates [[Dolby Atmos]] surround processing, and also features Creative's EAX 15.2 Dimensional Audio to extract, enhance and upscale sound from legacy material.
The audio and video engine of the X-Fi Sonic Carrier are powered by 7 processors with a total of 14 cores. It supports both local and streaming video content at up to 4K 60 fps, as well as 15.2 channels of high resolution audio playback.
It also comes with 3 distinct wireless technologies that allow multi-room Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and a zero-latency speaker-to-speaker link to up to 4 subwoofer units.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Press Relations |url=http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/?id=13494 |access-date=2016-03-04 |publisher=Creative}}</ref>
===Other products===
[[File:Creative T4 Wireless 2.1 Speakers.jpg|thumb|Creative T4 speakers]]
* Headphones
* Gaming headsets
* Portable Bluetooth speakers
* Creative GigaWorks [[ProGamer G500]] speakers
===Discontinued products===
* [[Compact Disc|CD]] and [[DVD]] players, drives, and controller cards<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |date=24 March 1997 |title=Creative Does DVD |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/news/news-1997-03-24.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19980218070742/http://www.pcgamer.com/news/news-1997-03-24.html |archive-date=18 February 1998 |access-date=5 December 2019 |website=PC Gamer}}</ref>
* [[Graphics card]]s
* [[Prodikeys]], a [[computer keyboard]]/[[musical keyboard]] combination
* [[Mouse (computing)|Optical mice]] and [[Keyboard (computing)|keyboards]]
* [[Creative Vado|Vado HD]]
* [[Creative Zen]] and [[Creative MuVo]] portable media players
== See also ==
* [[AdLib]]
* [[Aureal Semiconductor]]
* [[Ensoniq]]
* [[Environmental audio extensions]]
* [[Sensaura]]
* [[Yamaha Corporation|Yamaha]]
=== Divisions and brands ===
* [[Cambridge SoundWorks]]
* [[Creative MuVo]]
* [[Creative NOMAD]]
* [[Creative ZEN]]
* [[E-mu Systems]]/[[Ensoniq]]
* [[Sound Blaster]]
* [[Sensaura]]
* [[SoundFont]]
* [[ZiiLABS]], formerly [[3Dlabs]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
{{commons category|Creative Technology}}
* {{official|https://www.creative.com}}
{{Creative Technology}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:Creative Technology| ]]
[[Category:Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq]]
[[Category:Companies listed on the Singapore Exchange]]
[[Category:Computer companies established in 1981]]
[[Category:Computer hardware companies]]
[[Category:Computer peripheral companies]]
[[Category:Design companies established in 1981]]
[[Category:Electronics companies established in 1981]]
[[Category:Headphones manufacturers]]
[[Category:Loudspeaker manufacturers]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1981]]
[[Category:Multinational companies headquartered in Singapore]]
[[Category:Portable audio player manufacturers]]
[[Category:Singaporean brands]]
[[Category:Singaporean companies established in 1981]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -1,44 +1,2 @@
-{{short description|Singaporean technology company}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date = March 2019}}
-{{Use Singapore English|date = March 2019}}
-{{Infobox company
-| name = Creative Technology Ltd.
-| native_name =
-| logo = Creative_Technology_company_logo.svg
-| image = File:Creativelabs.jpg
-| image_caption = Creative Labs office in [[Milpitas, California]]
-| type = [[Public company|Public]]
-| traded_as = {{Sgx|C76}}
-| genre =
-| foundation = {{start date and age|1981|7|1|df=y}}
-| founder = {{ubl|[[Sim Wong Hoo]]|Ng Kai Wa}}
-| location_city =
-| location_country =
-| location = 31 International Business Park Rd, Lobby C, #03-01, Creative Resource, Singapore 609921
-| locations =
-| area_served = Worldwide
-| key_people = {{ubl|Song Siow Hui <small>(Interim [[CEO]])</small>|Ng Keh Long <small>([[CFO]])</small>}}
-| industry = Consumer electronics
-| products = [[Multimedia]], [[Information Technology|IT]], [[Consumer electronics]]
-| services =
-| revenue = {{increase}} {{US$|link=yes}}61.3 million <small>(2022)</small><ref name="CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report">{{Cite web |title=CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report |url=https://www.creative.com/corporate/investor/files/AR/fy22.pdf}}</ref>
-| operating_income =
-| net_income = {{increase}} {{US$|link=yes}}-11 million <small>(2022)</small><ref name="CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report" />
-| assets =
-| equity =
-| owner =
-| num_employees = 800 <small>(2012)</small><ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Technology Ltd. |url=http://www.hoovers.com/company/Creative_Technology_Ltd/ctkjji-1.html |access-date=2010-11-11 |publisher=Hoover's}}</ref>
-| parent =
-| divisions =
-| subsid = {{ubl|[[ZiiLABS]], [[3Dlabs]] and [[Sensaura]] (merged)|[[E-mu Systems]] and [[Ensoniq]] (merged)|[[Cambridge SoundWorks]]}}
-| caption =
-| homepage = {{URL|www.creative.com}}
-| footnotes =
-}}
-
-'''Creative Technology Ltd.''', or '''Creative Labs [[Private limited company|Pte Ltd.]]''',<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sg.creative.com/corporate/companies | title=About Creative - Creative Companies - Creative Store (Singapore) }}</ref> is a [[Singapore]]an multinational technology company. The principal activities of the company and its subsidiaries consist of the design, manufacture and distribution of digitized sound and video boards, computers and related multimedia and personal [[digital entertainment]] products. It also partners with mainboard manufacturers and laptop brands to embed its [[Sound Blaster]] technology on their products.<ref>{{Cite web |last=(C) Creative Labs 1999-2015 |title=Creative OEM Partners |url=http://www.creative.com/oem/partner/pt_sc.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402120421/http://www.creative.com/oem/partner/pt_sc.asp |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref>
-
-The company also has overseas offices in [[Shanghai]], [[Tokyo]], [[Dublin]] and the [[Silicon Valley]]. It has been listed on the [[Singapore Exchange]] (SGX) since 1994.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sg.creative.com/corporate/about | title=About Creative - Corporate Profile - Creative Store (Singapore) }}</ref>
-
== History ==
=== 1981–1996 ===
' |
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0 => '{{short description|Singaporean technology company}}',
1 => '{{Use dmy dates|date = March 2019}}',
2 => '{{Use Singapore English|date = March 2019}}',
3 => '{{Infobox company',
4 => '| name = Creative Technology Ltd.',
5 => '| native_name = ',
6 => '| logo = Creative_Technology_company_logo.svg',
7 => '| image = File:Creativelabs.jpg',
8 => '| image_caption = Creative Labs office in [[Milpitas, California]]',
9 => '| type = [[Public company|Public]]',
10 => '| traded_as = {{Sgx|C76}}',
11 => '| genre = ',
12 => '| foundation = {{start date and age|1981|7|1|df=y}}',
13 => '| founder = {{ubl|[[Sim Wong Hoo]]|Ng Kai Wa}}',
14 => '| location_city = ',
15 => '| location_country = ',
16 => '| location = 31 International Business Park Rd, Lobby C, #03-01, Creative Resource, Singapore 609921',
17 => '| locations = ',
18 => '| area_served = Worldwide',
19 => '| key_people = {{ubl|Song Siow Hui <small>(Interim [[CEO]])</small>|Ng Keh Long <small>([[CFO]])</small>}}',
20 => '| industry = Consumer electronics',
21 => '| products = [[Multimedia]], [[Information Technology|IT]], [[Consumer electronics]]',
22 => '| services = ',
23 => '| revenue = {{increase}} {{US$|link=yes}}61.3 million <small>(2022)</small><ref name="CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report">{{Cite web |title=CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report |url=https://www.creative.com/corporate/investor/files/AR/fy22.pdf}}</ref>',
24 => '| operating_income = ',
25 => '| net_income = {{increase}} {{US$|link=yes}}-11 million <small>(2022)</small><ref name="CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report" />',
26 => '| assets = ',
27 => '| equity = ',
28 => '| owner = ',
29 => '| num_employees = 800 <small>(2012)</small><ref>{{Cite web |title=Creative Technology Ltd. |url=http://www.hoovers.com/company/Creative_Technology_Ltd/ctkjji-1.html |access-date=2010-11-11 |publisher=Hoover's}}</ref>',
30 => '| parent = ',
31 => '| divisions = ',
32 => '| subsid = {{ubl|[[ZiiLABS]], [[3Dlabs]] and [[Sensaura]] (merged)|[[E-mu Systems]] and [[Ensoniq]] (merged)|[[Cambridge SoundWorks]]}}',
33 => '| caption = ',
34 => '| homepage = {{URL|www.creative.com}}',
35 => '| footnotes = ',
36 => '}}',
37 => '',
38 => ''''Creative Technology Ltd.''', or '''Creative Labs [[Private limited company|Pte Ltd.]]''',<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sg.creative.com/corporate/companies | title=About Creative - Creative Companies - Creative Store (Singapore) }}</ref> is a [[Singapore]]an multinational technology company. The principal activities of the company and its subsidiaries consist of the design, manufacture and distribution of digitized sound and video boards, computers and related multimedia and personal [[digital entertainment]] products. It also partners with mainboard manufacturers and laptop brands to embed its [[Sound Blaster]] technology on their products.<ref>{{Cite web |last=(C) Creative Labs 1999-2015 |title=Creative OEM Partners |url=http://www.creative.com/oem/partner/pt_sc.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402120421/http://www.creative.com/oem/partner/pt_sc.asp |archive-date=2 April 2015 |access-date=17 April 2015}}</ref>',
39 => '',
40 => 'The company also has overseas offices in [[Shanghai]], [[Tokyo]], [[Dublin]] and the [[Silicon Valley]]. It has been listed on the [[Singapore Exchange]] (SGX) since 1994.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sg.creative.com/corporate/about | title=About Creative - Corporate Profile - Creative Store (Singapore) }}</ref>',
41 => ''
] |
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#1981–1996"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">1981–1996</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#1997–2011"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">1997–2011</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#2012–present"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">2012–present</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Products"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Products</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Sound_Blaster"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Sound Blaster</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Creative_X-Fi_Sonic_Carrier"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Creative X-Fi Sonic Carrier</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Other_products"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Other products</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Discontinued_products"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Discontinued products</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Divisions_and_brands"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Divisions and brands</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<h3><span id="1981.E2.80.931996"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1981–1996">1981–1996</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>Creative Technology was founded in 1981 by childhood friends and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ngee_Ann_Polytechnic" title="Ngee Ann Polytechnic">Ngee Ann Polytechnic</a> schoolmates <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sim_Wong_Hoo" title="Sim Wong Hoo">Sim Wong Hoo</a> and Ng Kai Wa. Originally a computer repair shop in Pearl's Centre in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chinatown,_Singapore" title="Chinatown, Singapore">Chinatown</a>, the company eventually developed an add-on memory board for the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Apple_II_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple II family">Apple II</a> computer. Later, Creative spent $500,000 developing the Cubic CT, an IBM-compatible PC adapted for the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese language</a> and featuring multimedia features like enhanced color graphics and a built-in audio board capable of producing speech and melodies. With lack of demand for multilingual computers and few multimedia software applications available, the Cubic was a commercial failure.
</p>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Creative_Music_System.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Creative_Music_System.jpg/220px-Creative_Music_System.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Creative_Music_System.jpg/330px-Creative_Music_System.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Creative_Music_System.jpg/440px-Creative_Music_System.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1226" data-file-height="1028" /></a><figcaption>Creative Music System sound card</figcaption></figure>
<p>Shifting focus from language to music, Creative developed the Creative Music System, a PC add-on card. Sim established Creative Labs, Inc. in the United States' <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a> and convinced software developers to support the sound card, renamed Game Blaster and marketed by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/RadioShack" title="RadioShack">RadioShack</a>'s <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tandy_Corporation" title="Tandy Corporation">Tandy</a> division. The success of this audio interface led to the development of the standalone Sound Blaster <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_card" title="Sound card">sound card</a>, introduced at the 1989 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/COMDEX" title="COMDEX">COMDEX</a> show just as the multimedia PC market, fueled by Intel's 386 CPU and Microsoft Windows 3.0, took off. The success of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster" title="Sound Blaster">Sound Blaster</a> helped grow Creative's revenue from US$5.4 million in 1989 to US$658 million in 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-DedrickKraemer1998_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DedrickKraemer1998-1">[1]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1993, the year after Creative's initial public offering, in 1992, former <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ashton-Tate" title="Ashton-Tate">Ashton-Tate</a> CEO <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ed_Esber" title="Ed Esber">Ed Esber</a> joined Creative Labs as CEO to assemble a management team to support the company's rapid growth. Esber brought in a team of US executives, including Rich Buchanan (graphics), Gail Pomerantz (marketing), and Rich Sorkin (sound products, and later communications, OEM and business development).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> This group played key roles in reversing a brutal market share decline caused by intense competition from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Media_Vision" title="Media Vision">Media Vision</a> at the high end and Aztech at the low end. Sorkin, in particular, dramatically strengthened the company's brand position through crisp licensing and an aggressive defense of Creative's intellectual property positions while working to shorten product development cycles.
</p><p>At the same time, Esber and the original founders of the company had differences of opinion on the strategy and positioning of the company. Esber exited in 1995, followed quickly by Buchanan and Pomerantz. Following Esber's departure, Sorkin was promoted to General Manager of Audio and Communication Products and later Executive Vice-President of Business Development and Corporate Investments, before leaving Creative in 1996 to run <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Elon_Musk" title="Elon Musk">Elon Musk</a>'s first startup and Internet pioneer <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zip2" title="Zip2">Zip2</a>.
</p><p>By 1996, Creative's revenues had peaked at US$1.6 billion. With pioneering investments in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/VOIP" class="mw-redirect" title="VOIP">VOIP</a> and media streaming, Creative was well-positioned to take advantage of the Internet era, but ventured into the CD-ROM market and was eventually forced to write off nearly US$100 million in inventory when the market collapsed due to a flood of cheaper alternatives.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span id="1997.E2.80.932011"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1997–2011">1997–2011</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>The firm had maintained a strong foothold in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Industry_Standard_Architecture" title="Industry Standard Architecture">ISA</a> PC audio market until 14 July 1997 when <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aureal_Semiconductor" title="Aureal Semiconductor">Aureal Semiconductor</a> entered the soundcard market with their very competitive <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a> AU8820 Vortex 3D sound technology. The firm at the time was in development of their own in house PCI audio cards but were finding little success adopting the PCI standard. In January 1998 in order to quickly facilitate a working PCI audio technology, the firm made the acquisition of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq" title="Ensoniq">Ensoniq</a> for US$77 million. On 5 March 1998 the firm sued Aureal<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> with patent infringement claims over a MIDI caching technology<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> held by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/E-mu_Systems" title="E-mu Systems">E-mu Systems</a>. Aureal filed a counterclaim<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> stating the firm was intentionally interfering with its business prospects, had defamed them, commercially disparaged, engaged in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Unfair_competition" class="mw-redirect" title="Unfair competition">unfair competition</a> with intent to slow down Aureals sales, and acted fraudulently. The suit had come only days after Aureal gained a fair market with the AU8820 Vortex1.
</p><p>In August 1998, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_Live!" title="Sound Blaster Live!">Sound Blaster Live!</a> was the firm's first sound card developed for the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Peripheral_Component_Interconnect" title="Peripheral Component Interconnect">PCI</a> bus in order to compete with upcoming Aureal AU8830 Vortex2 sound chip.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> Aureal at this time were making fliers comparing their new AU8830 chips to the now shipping <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_Live!" title="Sound Blaster Live!">Sound Blaster Live!</a>. The specifications within these fliers comparing the AU8830 to the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_Live!" title="Sound Blaster Live!">Sound Blaster Live!</a> EMU10K1 chip sparked another flurry of lawsuits against Aureal,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> this time claiming Aureal had falsely advertised the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_Live!" title="Sound Blaster Live!">Sound Blaster Live!</a>'s capabilities.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Scribd is a deprecated source per WP:RS/P (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p><p>In December 1999, after numerous lawsuits, Aureal won a favourable ruling but went bankrupt as a result of legal costs and their investors pulling out. Their assets were acquired by Creative through the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bankruptcy_court" class="mw-redirect" title="Bankruptcy court">bankruptcy court</a> in September 2000 for US$32 million.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup> The firm had in effect removed their only major direct competitor in the 3D gaming audio market, excluding their later acquisition of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sensaura" title="Sensaura">Sensaura</a>.
</p><p>In April 1999, the firm launched the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_NOMAD" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative NOMAD">NOMAD</a> line of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Digital_audio_player" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital audio player">digital audio players</a> that would later introduce the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_MuVo" title="Creative MuVo">MuVo</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_Zen" title="Creative Zen">ZEN</a> series of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Portable_media_player" title="Portable media player">portable media players</a>. In November 2004, the firm announced a $100 million marketing campaign to promote their digital audio products, including the ZEN range of MP3 players.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup>
</p><p>The firm applied for <span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US6928433">U.S. patent 6,928,433</a></span> on 5 January 2001 and was awarded the patent on 9 August 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> The Zen patent was awarded to the firm for the invention of user interface for portable media players. This opened the way for potential legal action against Apple's iPod and the other competing players.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The firm took legal actions against Apple in May 2006. In August, 2006, Creative and Apple entered into a broad settlement,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> with Apple paying Creative $100 million for the licence to use the Zen patent.<sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg.com_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg.com-13">[13]</a></sup> The firm then joined the "Made for iPod" program.
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<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:ZEN_V.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/ZEN_V.jpg/220px-ZEN_V.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/ZEN_V.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="321" /></a><figcaption><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_ZEN" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative ZEN">Creative ZEN</a> V digital music player</figcaption></figure>
<p>On 22 March 2005, <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Inquirer" title="The Inquirer">The Inquirer</a></i> reported that Creative Labs had agreed to settle in a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Class_action_lawsuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Class action lawsuit">class action lawsuit</a> about the way its <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Audigy" class="mw-redirect" title="Audigy">Audigy</a> and Extigy soundcards were marketed. The firm offered customers who purchased the cards up to a $62.50 reduction on the cost of their next purchase of its products, while the lawyers involved in filing the dispute against Creative received a payment of approximately $470,000.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 2007, Creative voluntarily delisted itself from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/NASDAQ" class="mw-redirect" title="NASDAQ">NASDAQ</a>, where it had the symbol of CREAF.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> Its stocks are now solely on the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Singapore_Exchange" title="Singapore Exchange">Singapore Exchange</a> (SGX-ST).
</p><p>In early 2008, Creative Labs' technical support centre, located in Stillwater, Oklahoma, US laid off several technical support staff, furthering ongoing concerns surrounding Creative's financial situation. Later that year, the company faced a public-relations backlash when it demanded that a user named "Daniel_K" cease distributing modified versions of drivers for Windows Vista which restored functionality that had been available in drivers for Windows XP.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> The company deleted his account from its online forums but reinstated it a week later.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup>
</p><p>In January 2009, the firm generated Internet buzz with a mysterious website<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup> promising a "stem cell-like" processor which would give a 100-fold increase in supercomputing power over current technology, as well as advances in consumer 3D graphics.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup> At <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Consumer_Electronics_Show" title="Consumer Electronics Show">CES</a> 2009, it was revealed to be the ZMS-05 processor from <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ZiiLABS" title="ZiiLABS">ZiiLABS</a>, a subsidiary formed from the combining of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/3DLabs" class="mw-redirect" title="3DLabs">3DLabs</a> and Creative's Personal Digital Entertainment division.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup>
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<h3><span id="2012.E2.80.93present"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="2012–present">2012–present</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>In November 2012, the firm announced it has entered into an agreement with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Intel_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel Corporation">Intel Corporation</a> for Intel to license technology and patents from ZiiLABS Inc. Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Creative, and acquire engineering resources and assets related to its UK branch as a part of a $50 million deal. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ZiiLABS" title="ZiiLABS">ZiiLABS</a> (still wholly owned by Creative) continues to retain all ownership of its StemCell media processor technologies and patents, and will continue to supply and support its ZMS series of chips to its customers.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup>
</p><p>From 2014 to 2017, Creative's revenue from audio products have contracted at an average of 15% annually, due to increased competition in the audio space.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup>
</p><p>At the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas in January 2018, its Super X-Fi dongle won the Best of CES 2018 Award by AVS Forum.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup> The product was launched after more than $100 million in investment and garnered positive analyst reports.<sup id="cite_ref-bloomberg.com_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bloomberg.com-13">[13]</a></sup> This new technology renewed interest in the company and likely helped to raise its share price from S$1.25 to S$8.75 within a 2-week period.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup>
</p><p>The company is still producing Chinese-language and bilingual software for the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> market, but nearly half of the company's income is generated in the United States and South America; the European Union represents 32% of revenues, with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> making the remainder.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup>
</p><p>On January 4, 2023, Sim died at age 67, with president of Creative Labs Business Unit Song Siow Hui appointed as interim CEO.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Products">Products</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Sound_Blaster">Sound Blaster</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster" title="Sound Blaster">Sound Blaster</a></div>
<p>Creative's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster" title="Sound Blaster">Sound Blaster</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_card" title="Sound card">sound card</a> was among the first dedicated audio processing cards to be made widely available to the general consumer. As the first to bundle what is now considered to be a part of a sound card system: digital audio, on-board music synthesizer, MIDI interface and a joystick port, Sound Blaster rose to become a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a> standard for sound cards in PCs for many years. Creative Technology have made their own file format <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_Voice_file" title="Creative Voice file">Creative Voice</a> which has the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/File_format" title="File format">file format</a> <code>.voc</code>.
</p><p>In 1987 Creative Technology released the <i>Creative Music System</i> (C/MS), a 12-voice sound card for the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer" title="IBM Personal Computer">IBM PC</a> architecture. When C/MS struggled to acquire market share, Sim traveled from Singapore to <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Silicon_Valley" title="Silicon Valley">Silicon Valley</a> and negotiated a deal with <a href="/enwiki/wiki/RadioShack" title="RadioShack">RadioShack</a>'s <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tandy_Corporation" title="Tandy Corporation">Tandy</a> division to market the product as the Game Blaster.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup> While the Game Blaster did not overcome <a href="/enwiki/wiki/AdLib" class="mw-redirect" title="AdLib">AdLib's</a> sound card market dominance, Creative used the platform to create the first <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster" title="Sound Blaster">Sound Blaster</a>, which retained CM/S hardware and added the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yamaha_YM3812" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamaha YM3812">Yamaha YM3812</a> chip found on the AdLib card, as well as adding a component for playing and recording digital samples. Creative aggressively marketed the "stereo" aspect of the Sound Blaster (only the C/MS chips were capable of stereo, not the complete product) to calling the sound producing micro-controller a "DSP", hoping to associate the product with a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Digital_signal_processor" title="Digital signal processor">digital signal processor</a> (the DSP could encode/decode ADPCM in real time, but otherwise had no other DSP-like qualities). Monaural Sound Blaster cards were introduced in 1989, and Sound Blaster Pro stereo cards followed in 1992. The 16-bit <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_AWE32" title="Sound Blaster AWE32">Sound Blaster AWE32</a> added Wavetable MIDI, and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_AWE64" title="Sound Blaster AWE64">AWE64</a> offered 32 and 64 voices.
</p><p>Sound Blaster achieved competitive control of the PC audio market by 1992, the same year that its main competitor, Ad Lib, Inc., went bankrupt.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup> In the mid-1990s, following the launch of the Sound Blaster 16 and related products, Creative Technologies' audio revenue grew from US$40 million to nearly US$1 billion annually.
</p><p>The sixth generation of Sound Blaster sound cards introduced SBX Pro Studio, a feature that restores the highs and lows of compressed audio files, enhancing detail and clarity. SBX Pro Studio also offers user settings for controlling bass and virtual surround.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Creative_X-Fi_Sonic_Carrier">Creative X-Fi Sonic Carrier</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<p>The Creative X-Fi Sonic Carrier, launched in January 2016, consists of a long main unit and a subwoofer that houses 17 drivers in an 11.2.4 speaker configuration. It incorporates <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dolby_Atmos" title="Dolby Atmos">Dolby Atmos</a> surround processing, and also features Creative's EAX 15.2 Dimensional Audio to extract, enhance and upscale sound from legacy material.
</p><p>The audio and video engine of the X-Fi Sonic Carrier are powered by 7 processors with a total of 14 cores. It supports both local and streaming video content at up to 4K 60 fps, as well as 15.2 channels of high resolution audio playback.
</p><p>It also comes with 3 distinct wireless technologies that allow multi-room Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and a zero-latency speaker-to-speaker link to up to 4 subwoofer units.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></sup>
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<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_products">Other products</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Creative_T4_Wireless_2.1_Speakers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Creative_T4_Wireless_2.1_Speakers.jpg/220px-Creative_T4_Wireless_2.1_Speakers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Creative_T4_Wireless_2.1_Speakers.jpg/330px-Creative_T4_Wireless_2.1_Speakers.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Creative_T4_Wireless_2.1_Speakers.jpg/440px-Creative_T4_Wireless_2.1_Speakers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3316" data-file-height="1636" /></a><figcaption>Creative T4 speakers</figcaption></figure>
<ul><li>Headphones</li>
<li>Gaming headsets</li>
<li>Portable Bluetooth speakers</li>
<li>Creative GigaWorks <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ProGamer_G500" title="ProGamer G500">ProGamer G500</a> speakers</li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Discontinued_products">Discontinued products</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Compact_Disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact Disc">CD</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> players, drives, and controller cards<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></sup></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Graphics_card" title="Graphics card">Graphics cards</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Prodikeys" title="Prodikeys">Prodikeys</a>, a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Computer_keyboard" title="Computer keyboard">computer keyboard</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Musical_keyboard" title="Musical keyboard">musical keyboard</a> combination</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mouse_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouse (computing)">Optical mice</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Keyboard_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Keyboard (computing)">keyboards</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_Vado" title="Creative Vado">Vado HD</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_Zen" title="Creative Zen">Creative Zen</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_MuVo" title="Creative MuVo">Creative MuVo</a> portable media players</li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/AdLib" class="mw-redirect" title="AdLib">AdLib</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Aureal_Semiconductor" title="Aureal Semiconductor">Aureal Semiconductor</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq" title="Ensoniq">Ensoniq</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Environmental_audio_extensions" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental audio extensions">Environmental audio extensions</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sensaura" title="Sensaura">Sensaura</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yamaha_Corporation" title="Yamaha Corporation">Yamaha</a></li></ul>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Divisions_and_brands">Divisions and brands</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cambridge_SoundWorks" title="Cambridge SoundWorks">Cambridge SoundWorks</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_MuVo" title="Creative MuVo">Creative MuVo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_NOMAD" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative NOMAD">Creative NOMAD</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_ZEN" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative ZEN">Creative ZEN</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/E-mu_Systems" title="E-mu Systems">E-mu Systems</a>/<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq" title="Ensoniq">Ensoniq</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster" title="Sound Blaster">Sound Blaster</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sensaura" title="Sensaura">Sensaura</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SoundFont" title="SoundFont">SoundFont</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ZiiLABS" title="ZiiLABS">ZiiLABS</a>, formerly <a href="/enwiki/wiki/3Dlabs" title="3Dlabs">3Dlabs</a></li></ul>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<li id="cite_note-DedrickKraemer1998-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DedrickKraemer1998_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1215172403">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJason_DedrickKenneth_L._Kraemer1998" class="citation book cs1">Jason Dedrick; Kenneth L. Kraemer (20 August 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7ceCt71aib4C"><i>Asia's Computer Challenge: Threat or Opportunity for the United States and the World?</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 179–180. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-535280-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-535280-1"><bdi>978-0-19-535280-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Asia%27s+Computer+Challenge%3A+Threat+or+Opportunity+for+the+United+States+and+the+World%3F&rft.pages=179-180&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998-08-20&rft.isbn=978-0-19-535280-1&rft.au=Jason+Dedrick&rft.au=Kenneth+L.+Kraemer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7ceCt71aib4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/Oral_History/Esber_Edward/Esber_Edward.oral_history.2004.102657944.pdf">"Oral History of Edward M. Esber, Jr"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Oral+History+of+Edward+M.+Esber%2C+Jr.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.computerhistory.org%2Fresources%2Ftext%2FOral_History%2FEsber_Edward%2FEsber_Edward.oral_history.2004.102657944.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/ASIANOW/asiaweek/technology/2000/0929/acom.cover.html">"Creative's Genius"</a>. <i>Asiaweek</i>. 29 September 2000<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Asiaweek&rft.atitle=Creative%27s+Genius&rft.date=2000-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2FASIANOW%2Fasiaweek%2Ftechnology%2F2000%2F0929%2Facom.cover.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19990829025202/http://www.aureal.com/cgi-bin/pub/display.pl?template=press_aur_detail.htm&serial=76">"Aureal And Creative Engage In Legal Skirmish"</a>. Aureal. 29 August 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aureal.com/cgi-bin/pub/display.pl?template=press_aur_detail.htm&serial=76">the original</a> on 29 August 1999.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aureal+And+Creative+Engage+In+Legal+Skirmish&rft.pub=Aureal&rft.date=1999-08-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aureal.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Fpub%2Fdisplay.pl%3Ftemplate%3Dpress_aur_detail.htm%26serial%3D76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150203120118/http://dspwiki.com/index.php?title=Creative_Labs_v._Aureal">"Creative Labs v. Aureal"</a>. <i>fido7.su.hardw.pc.sound</i> (Usenet post). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dspwiki.com/index.php?title=Creative_Labs_v._Aureal">the original</a> on 3 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span> – via DSP Wiki.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=fido7.su.hardw.pc.sound&rft.atitle=Creative+Labs+v.+Aureal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdspwiki.com%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DCreative_Labs_v._Aureal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMagee" class="citation news cs1">Magee, Mike. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/1999/04/01/writs_fly_as_aureal_countersues/">"Writs fly as Aureal countersues Creative Technologies"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Register&rft.atitle=Writs+fly+as+Aureal+countersues+Creative+Technologies&rft.aulast=Magee&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theregister.co.uk%2F1999%2F04%2F01%2Fwrits_fly_as_aureal_countersues%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222143630/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Aureal+Welcomes+Creative+Labs+to+Competitive+Marketplace.-a053377442">"Aureal Welcomes Creative Labs to Competitive Marketplace"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Aureal+Welcomes+Creative+Labs+to+Competitive+Marketplace.-a053377442">the original</a> on 22 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aureal+Welcomes+Creative+Labs+to+Competitive+Marketplace&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FAureal%2BWelcomes%2BCreative%2BLabs%2Bto%2BCompetitive%2BMarketplace.-a053377442&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222143628/http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Creative+Files+False+Advertising+and+Other+Claims+Against+Aureal.-a053046886">"Creative Files False Advertising and Other Claims Against Aureal"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Creative+Files+False+Advertising+and+Other+Claims+Against+Aureal.-a053046886">the original</a> on 22 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Creative+Files+False+Advertising+and+Other+Claims+Against+Aureal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FCreative%2BFiles%2BFalse%2BAdvertising%2Band%2BOther%2BClaims%2BAgainst%2BAureal.-a053046886&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071010054918/http://alive.singnet.com.sg/features/aureal-creative.htm">"ALive!"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alive.singnet.com.sg/features/aureal-creative.htm">the original</a> on 10 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ALive%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falive.singnet.com.sg%2Ffeatures%2Faureal-creative.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2004" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Tony (18 November 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/11/18/creative_vs_apple/">"Creative declares war on iPod"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Register" title="The Register">The Register</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-11-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Register&rft.atitle=Creative+declares+war+on+iPod&rft.date=2004-11-18&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theregister.co.uk%2F2004%2F11%2F18%2Fcreative_vs_apple%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/?id=12175">"Press Relations"</a>. Creative Technology<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+Relations&rft.pub=Creative+Technology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.creative.com%2Fcorporate%2Fpressroom%2F%3Fid%3D12175&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/?id=12585">"Press Relations"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+Relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.creative.com%2Fcorporate%2Fpressroom%2F%3Fid%3D12585&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-bloomberg.com-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bloomberg.com_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bloomberg.com_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-02-20/a-steve-jobs-rival-who-hit-hard-times-makes-remarkable-comeback">"A Steve Jobs Rival Who Hit Hard Times Makes Remarkable Comeback"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. 20 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=A+Steve+Jobs+Rival+Who+Hit+Hard+Times+Makes+Remarkable+Comeback&rft.date=2019-02-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2019-02-20%2Fa-steve-jobs-rival-who-hit-hard-times-makes-remarkable-comeback&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFBurns2005" class="citation news cs1">Burns, Simon (2005-03-22). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100213071020/http://www.theinquirer.net/inquirer/news/1024547/creative-labs-owes-usd62">"Creative Labs owes you $62"</a>. <i>The Inquirer</i>. Archived from the original on 13 February 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Inquirer&rft.atitle=Creative+Labs+owes+you+%2462&rft.date=2005-03-22&rft.aulast=Burns&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theinquirer.net%2Finquirer%2Fnews%2F1024547%2Fcreative-labs-owes-usd62&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081204214306/http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=12796">"Creative Technology Announces Completion of Its Voluntary Delisting from Nasdaq – Company's Sole Exchange Listing Now On the SGX-ST"</a> (Press release). Creative. 2007-09-04. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=12796">the original</a> on 2008-12-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-01-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Creative+Technology+Announces+Completion+of+Its+Voluntary+Delisting+from+Nasdaq+%E2%80%93+Company%27s+Sole+Exchange+Listing+Now+On+the+SGX-ST&rft.pub=Creative&rft.date=2007-09-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcreative.com%2Fcorporate%2Fpressroom%2Freleases%2Fwelcome.asp%3Fpid%3D12796&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFHruska2008" class="citation news cs1">Hruska, Joel (2008-03-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20080331-creative-irate-after-modder-spruces-up-vista-x-fi-drivers.html">"Creative irate after modder spruces up Vista X-Fi drivers"</a>. <i>Ars Technica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=Creative+irate+after+modder+spruces+up+Vista+X-Fi+drivers&rft.date=2008-03-31&rft.aulast=Hruska&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fnews.ars%2Fpost%2F20080331-creative-irate-after-modder-spruces-up-vista-x-fi-drivers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFWalters2008" class="citation news cs1">Walters, Chris (2008-03-31). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://consumerist.com/2008/03/31/creative-sparks-customer-revolt-when-it-tries-to-silence-third-party-programmer/">"Creative Sparks Customer Revolt When It Tries To Silence Third-Party Programmer"</a>. <i>The Consumerist</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Consumerist&rft.atitle=Creative+Sparks+Customer+Revolt+When+It+Tries+To+Silence+Third-Party+Programmer&rft.date=2008-03-31&rft.aulast=Walters&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fconsumerist.com%2F2008%2F03%2F31%2Fcreative-sparks-customer-revolt-when-it-tries-to-silence-third-party-programmer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFAlexander2008" class="citation news cs1">Alexander, Carey (2008-04-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://consumerist.com/2008/04/05/creative-backs-down-reinstates-spurned-developer/">"Creative Backs Down, Reinstates Spurned Developer"</a>. <i>The Consumerist</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Consumerist&rft.atitle=Creative+Backs+Down%2C+Reinstates+Spurned+Developer&rft.date=2008-04-05&rft.aulast=Alexander&rft.aufirst=Carey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fconsumerist.com%2F2008%2F04%2F05%2Fcreative-backs-down-reinstates-spurned-developer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090115202044/http://www.zii.com/">"Zii"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zii.com">the original</a> on 2009-01-15.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Zii&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zii.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2008/12/26/creatives-zii-stemcell-computing-is-not-likely-to-be-awesome">"Creative's Zii 'Stemcell Computing' is not likely to be awesome"</a>. <i>Engadget</i>. 26 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-11-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=Creative%27s+Zii+%27Stemcell+Computing%27+is+not+likely+to+be+awesome&rft.date=2008-12-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2008%2F12%2F26%2Fcreatives-zii-stemcell-computing-is-not-likely-to-be-awesome&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2009/01/08/creative-unveils-zii">"Creative unveils Zii"</a>. <i>Engadget</i>. 8 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-11-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=Creative+unveils+Zii&rft.date=2009-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2009%2F01%2F08%2Fcreative-unveils-zii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121129222355/http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=13300">"Creative to license technology and patents to Intel as part of a us$50 million deal"</a>. Creative Technology Ltd. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/releases/welcome.asp?pid=13300">the original</a> on 2012-11-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Creative+to+license+technology+and+patents+to+Intel+as+part+of+a+us%2450+million+deal&rft.pub=Creative+Technology+Ltd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.creative.com%2Fcorporate%2Fpressroom%2Freleases%2Fwelcome.asp%3Fpid%3D13300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFMittal2018" class="citation web cs1">Mittal, Sachin (1 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://research.sginvestors.io/2018/03/creative-technology-dbs-research-2018-03-01.html">"Creative Technology – DBS Research 2018-03-01: Game Changing Portable 3d Audio"</a>. <i>SGinvestors</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SGinvestors&rft.atitle=Creative+Technology+%E2%80%93+DBS+Research+2018-03-01%3A+Game+Changing+Portable+3d+Audio&rft.date=2018-03-01&rft.aulast=Mittal&rft.aufirst=Sachin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fresearch.sginvestors.io%2F2018%2F03%2Fcreative-technology-dbs-research-2018-03-01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tnp.straitstimes.com/news/singapore/creative-ceo-super-x-fi-audio-tech-more-revolutionary-colour-tv">"Creative CEO: Super X-Fi audio tech more revolutionary than colour TV"</a>. <i>The New Paper</i>. 2018-03-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-04-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Paper&rft.atitle=Creative+CEO%3A+Super+X-Fi+audio+tech+more+revolutionary+than+colour+TV&rft.date=2018-03-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftnp.straitstimes.com%2Fnews%2Fsingapore%2Fcreative-ceo-super-x-fi-audio-tech-more-revolutionary-colour-tv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sg.finance.yahoo.com/chart/C76.SI/">"C76.SI interactive stock chart | Creative Technology Ltd. stock"</a>. <i>Yahoo Finance</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yahoo+Finance&rft.atitle=C76.SI+interactive+stock+chart+%7C+Creative+Technology+Ltd.+stock&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsg.finance.yahoo.com%2Fchart%2FC76.SI%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/creative-technology-ltd-history/">"Creative Technology Ltd history"</a>. <i>Fundinguniverse</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fundinguniverse&rft.atitle=Creative+Technology+Ltd+history&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundinguniverse.com%2Fcompany-histories%2Fcreative-technology-ltd-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/singapore/sim-wong-hoo-dies-creative-technology-founder-ceo-3184226">"Creative Technology founder and CEO Sim Wong Hoo dies"</a>. <i>CNA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-01-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNA&rft.atitle=Creative+Technology+founder+and+CEO+Sim+Wong+Hoo+dies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fsingapore%2Fsim-wong-hoo-dies-creative-technology-founder-ceo-3184226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFGraham2004" class="citation news cs1">Graham, Jefferson (2004-06-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/technology/2004-06-28-sim_x.htm">"Creative's name describes CEO"</a>. USA Today<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-03-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Creative%27s+name+describes+CEO&rft.date=2004-06-28&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Jefferson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fmoney%2Findustries%2Ftechnology%2F2004-06-28-sim_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pcper.com/category/tags/ad-lib">"ad lib | PC Perspective"</a>. <i>www.pcper.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pcper.com&rft.atitle=ad+lib+%26%23124%3B+PC+Perspective&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcper.com%2Fcategory%2Ftags%2Fad-lib&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.creative.com/audiomadeclever/what-is-sbx-pro-studio">"What is SBX Pro Studio?"</a>. <i>Audio Made Clever</i>. Creative<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Audio+Made+Clever&rft.atitle=What+is+SBX+Pro+Studio%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.creative.com%2Faudiomadeclever%2Fwhat-is-sbx-pro-studio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.creative.com/corporate/pressroom/?id=13494">"Press Relations"</a>. Creative<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-03-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+Relations&rft.pub=Creative&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.creative.com%2Fcorporate%2Fpressroom%2F%3Fid%3D13494&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite id="CITEREFStaff1997" class="citation web cs1">Staff (24 March 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19980218070742/http://www.pcgamer.com/news/news-1997-03-24.html">"Creative Does DVD"</a>. <i>PC Gamer</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pcgamer.com/news/news-1997-03-24.html">the original</a> on 18 February 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PC+Gamer&rft.atitle=Creative+Does+DVD&rft.date=1997-03-24&rft.au=Staff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pcgamer.com%2Fnews%2Fnews-1997-03-24.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACreative+Technology" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection">
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<ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.creative.com">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul>
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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Creative_Technology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template:Creative_Technology" title="Template:Creative Technology"><abbr title="View this template" style=";text-align:center;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Template_talk:Creative_Technology" title="Template talk:Creative Technology"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";text-align:center;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Creative_Technology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Creative Technology"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";text-align:center;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Creative_Technology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Creative Technology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div id="Sound_Blaster-brand" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster" title="Sound Blaster">Sound Blaster</a>-brand</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Digital_signal_processor" title="Digital signal processor">DSPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yamaha_YM3812" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamaha YM3812">Yamaha OPL2</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq_ES1370" class="mw-redirect" title="Ensoniq ES1370">Ensoniq ES1370</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq_ES-5506_OTTO" title="Ensoniq ES-5506 OTTO">Ensoniq ES-5506 OTTO</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/E-mu_20K" title="E-mu 20K">E-mu 20K</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster" title="Sound Blaster">Sound Blaster</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_Pro" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound Blaster Pro">Pro</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_16" title="Sound Blaster 16">16</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_AWE32" title="Sound Blaster AWE32">AWE32</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_AWE64" title="Sound Blaster AWE64">AWE64</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq_AudioPCI" title="Ensoniq AudioPCI">AudioPCI</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_Live!" title="Sound Blaster Live!">Live!</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_Audigy" title="Sound Blaster Audigy">Audigy</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster_X-Fi" title="Sound Blaster X-Fi">X-Fi</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq" title="Ensoniq">Ensoniq</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq_Soundscape_S-2000" title="Ensoniq Soundscape S-2000">Soundscape S-2000</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq_SoundscapeDB" title="Ensoniq SoundscapeDB">SoundscapeDB</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq_Soundscape_Elite" title="Ensoniq Soundscape Elite">Soundscape Elite</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq_Soundscape_OPUS" title="Ensoniq Soundscape OPUS">Soundscape OPUS</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq_AudioPCI" title="Ensoniq AudioPCI">AudioPCI</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Environmental_Audio_Extensions" title="Environmental Audio Extensions">EAX</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/OpenAL" title="OpenAL">OpenAL</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/A3D" class="mw-redirect" title="A3D">A3D</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><div id="Divisions_and_brands" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Divisions and brands</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cambridge_SoundWorks" title="Cambridge SoundWorks">Cambridge SoundWorks</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ensoniq" title="Ensoniq">Ensoniq</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sensaura" title="Sensaura">Sensaura</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ZiiLABS" title="ZiiLABS">ZiiLABS</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_MuVo" title="Creative MuVo">Creative MuVo</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_NOMAD" class="mw-redirect" title="Creative NOMAD">Creative NOMAD</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Creative_Zen" title="Creative Zen">Creative Zen</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sound_Blaster" title="Sound Blaster">Sound Blaster</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/SoundFont" title="SoundFont">SoundFont</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: People <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477016#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/958961">Trove</a></span></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1715561751' |