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'{{Short description|Learned society}} {{Infobox organization | name = Geological Society of London | native_name = | native_name_lang = | named_after = | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | logo = Seal of the Geological Society of London.jpg | logo_size = 200px | logo_alt = | logo_caption = | map = | map_size = | map_alt = | map_caption = | map2 = | map2_size = | map2_alt = | map2_caption = | abbreviation = | merged = | successor = | formation = {{start date and age|1807|11|13|df=y}} | founder = | founding_location = [[Freemasons' Tavern|Freemasons Tavern]], [[Great Queen Street]]<br>London, {{postcode|WC|2}} | extinction = <!-- use {{end date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | merger = | type = [[Learned society]] | vat_id = | registration_id = <!-- for non-profit org -->210161 | status = | purpose = | headquarters = [[Burlington House]], [[Piccadilly]]<br>London, {{postcode|W|1}} | location = | coords = {{coord|51|30|31|N|0|8|20|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | region = | services = | products = | methods = | fields = | membership = 12,000 | membership_year = | sec_gen = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | board_of_directors = | key_people = | main_organ = | parent_organization = | subsidiaries = | secessions = | affiliations = | budget = | budget_year = | revenue = | revenue_year = | disbursements = | expenses = | expenses_year = | endowment = | staff = | staff_year = | volunteers = | volunteers_year = | slogan = | mission = | website = {{URL|https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/}} }} [[File:Geological Society of London.jpg|thumb|The Geological Society offices in [[Burlington House]], [[Piccadilly]], London]] The '''Geological Society of London''', known commonly as the '''Geological Society''',<ref>[http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/op/%20%3C/page1.html The Geological Society] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100817042543/http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/op/%20%3C/page1.html |date=17 August 2010 }}, UK.</ref> is a [[learned society]] based in the United Kingdom. It is the oldest national geological society in the world and the largest in Europe, with more than 12,000 [[Fellow|Fellows]]. Fellows are entitled to the [[Post-nominal letters|postnominal]] '''FGS''' (Fellow of the Geological Society), over 2,000 of whom are Chartered Geologists (CGeol). The Society is a [[registered charity]], no. 210161. It is also a member of the [[Science Council]], and is licensed to award [[Chartered Scientist]] to qualifying members. The mission of the society is: "Making geologists acquainted with each other, stimulating their zeal, inducing them to adopt one nomenclature, facilitating the communication of new facts and ascertaining what is known in their science and what remains to be discovered".<ref name="IOT">{{cite episode |series=In our time |title=Early Geology |url=http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/radio4/iot/iot_20120412-1130a.mp3 |minutes=1 |date=12 April 2012 |network=BBC Radio 4 |credits=Andrew Scott,Stephen Pumfrey, Leucha Veneer |access-date=16 September 2012 |archive-date=22 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022201809/http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/podcasts/radio4/iot/iot_20120412-1130a.mp3 |url-status=live }}</ref> ==History== The Society was founded on 13 November 1807 at the [[Freemasons' Tavern]], [[Great Queen Street]], in the [[Covent Garden]] district of London.<ref>Herries Davies, G.L. (2007) ''Whatever is Under the Earth: The Geological Society of London 1807 to 2007'', London: Geological Society</ref> It was partly the outcome of a previous club known as the [[Askesian Society]]. There were 13 founder members: [[William Babington (physician)|William Babington]], skibbidi toilet Mr bean[[James Parkinson]], [[Humphry Davy|skibbidi toilet mr beanHumphry Davy]], [[George Bellas Greenough]], [[Arthur Aikin]], [[William Allen (English Quaker)|William Allen]], [[Jacques Louis, Comte de Bournon]], Richard Knight, James Laird, James Franck, [[William Haseldine Pepys]], [[Richard Phillips (chemist)|Richard Phillips]], and [[William Phillips (geologist)|William Phillips]]. It received its [[royal charter]] on 23 April 1825 from [[George IV]]. Since 1874, the Society has been based at [[Burlington House]], [[Piccadilly]], [[London]]. This building houses the Society's library, which contains more than 300,000 volumes of books and journals.<ref>[http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/ The Geological Society] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926050702/http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/template.cfm?name=Awards |date=2006-09-26 }}, UK.</ref> It is a member of the UK [[Science Council]]. Women were first allowed to become Fellows of the Society in 1919.<ref>{{cite web |last=Hunter |first=Dana |date=19 March 2019 |title=Geological Society of London Celebrates the First Female Fellows |url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/rosetta-stones/geological-society-of-london-celebrates-the-first-female-fellows/ |access-date=27 March 2019 |publisher=Scientific American Blog Network |archive-date=20 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020093138/https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/rosetta-stones/geological-society-of-london-celebrates-the-first-female-fellows/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Burek |first=Cynthia V. |date=21 August 2009 |title=The first female Fellows and the status of women in the Geological Sonmciety of London |url=https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/317/1/373.short |access-date=27 March 2019 |journal=Geological Society, London, Special Publications |volume=317 |issue=1 |pages=373–407 |doi=10.1144/SP317.21 |bibcode=2009GSLSP.317..373B |s2cid=128719787 |archive-date=25 October 2020 |archifyutrtydicghtfrdxghyujbkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkv dgrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrkhjbgtfu5r6bhjnm jlihougyhjuigyfvcvhjiohygufdsxzaDrftyuhiopiuhygfdxtgyuio0iuhgvcxgfhuioijhugcfxdfghjuiophugcfhuiogycfdxcghuiopijhugcfxve-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201025030727/https://sp.lyellcollection.org/content/317/1/373.short |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1991, it merged with the Institution of Geologists, which had been formed in 1977 to represent the geological profession.<ref name="IG">{{cite web |last=Brassington |first=R. |title=The Institution of Geologists - A Brief History |url=http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/op/edit/society/history/page3299.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120314073553/http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/op/edit/society/history/page3299.html |archive-date=14 March 2012 |access-date=16 May 2010 |publisher=The Geological Society, London}}</ref> The Society is a member of the [[European Federation of Geologists]]. The Society celebrated its bicentenary in 2007. It ran programmes in the [[geosciences]] in Britain and abroad, under the auspices of the science writer and palaeontologist [[Richard Fortey|Professor Richard Fortey]], the president that year. ==Specialist and regional groups== The Society has 24 specialist groups and 15 regional groups which serve as an opportunity for those with specific interests to meet and discuss their subject or region. They are all free for members to join and some are open to non-members.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Regional Groups |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/regional |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=14 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314232021/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/regional |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Specialist Groups |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Groups-and-Networks/Specialist-Groups |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=21 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521061409/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Groups-and-Networks/Specialist-Groups |url-status=live }}</ref> The Regional Groups are: {{columns-list|colwidth=30em| * Central Scotland * East Anglian * East Midlands * Home Counties North * Hong Kong * North West * Northern * Northern Ireland * Solent * South East * South West * Southern Wales * Thames Valley * West Midlands * Western * Yorkshire }} The Specialist Groups are: {{columns-list|colwidth=30em|* [[British Geophysical Association]] * British Sedimentological Research Group * [[British Society for Geomorphology]] * Contaminated Land Group * [[Earth system science|Earth Systems Science]] Group * Energy Group * Engineering Group * Forensic Geoscience Group * [[Geochemistry]] Group * [[Geological Curators' Group]] * Geological Society Business Forum * Geological Society Discussion Group * Geological [[Remote sensing (geology)|Remote Sensing]] Group * Geoscience Information Group * History of Geology Group * Hydrogeological Group * Marine Studies Group * Metamorphic Studies Group * Mineral Deposits Studies Group * [[Near-surface geophysics|Near Surface Geophysics]] Group * Quaternary Research Association * Tectonic Studies Group * Volcanic & Magmatic Studies Group }} ==Publications== {{Unreferenced section|date=March 2023}}The society publishes two of its own journals, the (formerly ''Quarterly'') ''[[Journal of the Geological Society]]'' and the ''[[Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology & Hydrogeology]]''. It also publishes the magazine ''[[Geoscientist (magazine)|Geoscientist]]'' for Fellows, and has a share in ''[[Geology Today]]'', published by [[Blackwell Science]]. It also co-publishes journals and publishes on behalf of other organisations. These include ''[[Petroleum Geoscience]]'' with the [[European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers]]; ''Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis'' with the [[Association of Applied Geochemists]]; ''[[Journal of Micropalaeontology]]'' for [[The Micropalaeontological Society]]; ''Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society'' for the [[Yorkshire Geological Society]]; and ''[[Scottish Journal of Geology]]'' for the Geological Societies of [[Edinburgh Geological Society|Edinburgh]] and [[Geological Society of Glasgow|Glasgow]]. ==Past presidents== {{main|President of the Geological Society of London}} The society counts many famous geologists amongst its past presidents. These include pioneers of geology [[William Buckland]], [[Adam Sedgwick]], [[Roderick Impey Murchison]], [[Charles Lyell]], [[Henry Thomas De la Beche]], [[Thomas Henry Huxley]], [[Joseph Prestwich]], [[Archibald Geikie]], [[Jethro Teall]], and [[Charles Lapworth]]. Later well-known names include [[Alfred Harker]], [[Arthur Elijah Trueman]], [[Herbert Harold Read]], [[Frederick William Shotton|Frederick Shotton]], and [[Janet Watson]]. ==Scientific awards and funds== In 1831, it began issuing an annual scientific award for geology, known as the [[Wollaston Medal]]. This is still the Society's premier medal, which in 2006 was awarded to [[James Lovelock]], the originator of the [[Gaia hypothesis]]. ===Medals awarded by the Society=== * [[Aberconway Medal]] * [[Bigsby Medal]] * [[Geological Society Dewey Medal|Dewey Medal]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dewey Medal |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/Awards-Grants-and-Bursaries/Society-Awards/Dewey-Medal |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=21 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521061410/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/Awards-Grants-and-Bursaries/Society-Awards/Dewey-Medal |url-status=live }}</ref> * Distinguished Service Award<ref>{{Cite web |title=Distinguished Service Award |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/Awards-Grants-and-Bursaries/Society-Awards/Distinguished-Service-Award |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=21 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240521061419/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/Awards-Grants-and-Bursaries/Society-Awards/Distinguished-Service-Award |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[Lyell Medal]] * [[Major John Sacheverell A'Deane Coke Medal]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=The Major John Sacheverell A'Deane Coke and Major Edward D'Ewes Fitzgerald Coke Medals |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/Awards-Grants-and-Bursaries/Society-Awards/Coke-Medals |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=15 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215075714/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/Awards-Grants-and-Bursaries/Society-Awards/Coke-Medals |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[Major Edward D'Ewes Fitzgerald Coke Medal]]<ref name=":0" /> * [[Murchison Medal]] * President's Awards<ref>{{Cite web |title=President's Awards |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/presidents-awards |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=14 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314232205/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/presidents-awards |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[Prestwich Medal]] * [[R. H. Worth Award]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=R H Worth Award |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/r-h-worth-award |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=14 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230314230515/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/r-h-worth-award |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[Sue Tyler Friedman Medal]] * [[William Smith Medal]] * [[Wollaston Medal]] ===Funds administered by the Society=== * [[Lyell Fund]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lyell Fund |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/lyell-fund |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=2 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202113319/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/lyell-fund |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[The Murchison Fund|Murchison Fund]] * [[Wollaston Fund]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wollaston Fund |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/wollaston-fund |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=4 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004002608/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/wollaston-fund |url-status=live }}</ref> * [[William Smith Fund]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=William Smith Fund |url=https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/william-smith-fund |access-date=14 March 2023 |website=The Geological Society of London |archive-date=1 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201013829/https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/About/awards-grants-and-bursaries/society-awards/william-smith-fund |url-status=live }}</ref> ==Bibliography== * Herries Davies, G.L. (2007) ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=8j-nmabapH0C Whatever is Under the Earth: The Geological Society of London 1807 to 2007]'', London : Geological Society, {{ISBN|1-86239-214-5}} ==See also== * [[Geology of Great Britain]] * ''[[Journal of the Geological Society]]'' * [[William Smith (geologist)]] ==References== {{Reflist}} ==External links== {{commons category}} {{Wikisource portal|Geological Society of London}} * [http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/ The Geological Society] * [http://www.lyellcollection.org/ The Lyell Collection] * [https://www.geolsoc.org.uk/publications Geological Society publications] {{Geological Society of London}} {{GLS Presidents}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Geological Society}} [[Category:Geological Society of London| ]] [[Category:Learned societies of the United Kingdom]] [[Category:Scientific organizations established in 1807]] [[Category:1807 establishments in England]] [[Category:Scientific organisations based in the United Kingdom]] [[Category:Publishing companies of the United Kingdom]]'