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Page title without namespace (page_title) | 'LHB coach' |
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Edit summary/reason (summary) | 'Undid revision [[Special:Diff/1234436588|1234436588]] by [[Special:Contributions/DandelionAndBurdock|DandelionAndBurdock]] ([[User talk:DandelionAndBurdock|talk]]) The information about LHB coaches has been updated. Additional information about new types of LHB coaches introduced (Vistadome, 3 AC Economy) has been added. ' |
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Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '{{Short description|Type of coach used by Indian Railways}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox train
| background =
| name = Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) coach
| image = 12229 Lucknow Mail standing on Platform 16 in New Delhi, India.jpg
| caption = LHB coaches of Lucknow Mail at New Delhi.
| stocktype =
| service = 2000–present
| designer = [[Alstom Transport Deutschland|Linke-Hofmann-Busch]], [[Salzgitter]]
| successor = [[Vande Bharat (trainset)|VBE trainsets]]
| manufacturer = [[Alstom Transport Deutschland|Linke-Hofmann-Busch]]
| factory = 1. [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala]] <br /> 2. [[Integral Coach Factory|Integral Coach Factory, Chennai]] <br /> 3. [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli]]
| replaced = [[ICF coach]]
| yearconstruction = 1998–present
| yearservice = 2000
| operator = [[Indian Railways]] <br /> [[Bangladesh Railway]] <br /> [[Mozambique Ports and Railways]]
| carbody = Spotwelded [[Stainless Steel]]
| carlength = {{cvt|23.54|m|ftin|frac=8}} (body) <br />
{{cvt|24|m|ftin|frac=8}} (coupler-coupler)
| width = {{cvt|3.24|m|ftin|frac=8}} <br />
{{cvt|3.05|m|ftin|frac=8}} ([[Bilevel rail car|Double decker]])
| height = {{cvt|4.039|m|ftin|frac=8}} <br />
{{cvt|4.25|m|ftin|frac=8}} (AC 3 Tier & [[Vistadome]]) <br />
{{cvt|4.366|m|ftin|frac=8}} ([[Bilevel rail car|Double decker]])
| floorheight = {{cvt|1320|mm|ftin|frac=8}}
| platformheight = {{cvt|840|mm|ftin|frac=8}}
| doors = Manual/ Automatic Pivot Hinge Doors <br />
Automatic Sliding Single Leaf Plug Doors ([[Tejas Express]])
| wheeldiameter = {{cvt|855|-|915|mm|in|2}}
| wheelbase = {{cvt|14.9|m|ftin|frac=8}} bogie centres
| maxspeed = {{cvt|130|km/h|mph|0}} (Non-AC coach)<br>{{cvt|160|km/h|mph|0}} (AC coach)<br>{{cvt|200|km/h|mph|0}} (potential max speed)
| weight = {{cvt|39.5|t|LT ST}} (average)
| hvac = {{cvt|85,303|BTU|order=flip}} x 2 RMPUs <br />
{{cvt|122,837|BTU|order=flip}} x 2 RMPUs ([[Bilevel rail car|Double decker]])
| wheel arrangement = 2'2'
| bogies = FIAT [[Bogie]]s
| minimum curve = {{cvt|175|m}}
| brakes = [[Railway air brake]] <br />
[[Electro-pneumatic brake]] (Only in {{cvt|200|km/h|mph}} fit [[Tejas Express]] coach) <br> [[Wheelset (rail transport)|Axle mounted]] [[Railway disc brake]]
| coupling = AAR Type-H [[Tightlock coupling]] <br />
Semi-Permanent Coupler (Only in [[Amrit Bharat (trainset)|Amrit Bharat trainsets]])
| gauge = {{Track gauge|1,676mm|lk=on}} [[Broad gauge]]<br>{{Track gauge|1,067mm|lk=on}} [[3 ft 6 in gauge railways| Cape gauge]]
}}
'''Linke-Hofmann-Busch''' ('''LHB''') '''coach''' is a [[passenger coach]] of [[Indian Railways]] that is developed by [[Linke-Hofmann-Busch]] of Germany<ref name="toi1">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-22/bangalore/31382279_1_ac-coaches-pantry-car-new-coaches|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201235226/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-22/bangalore/31382279_1_ac-coaches-pantry-car-new-coaches|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 February 2014|title=New-look train to Delhi rolls out|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=22 April 2013|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref><ref name="alstom">{{cite web|url=http://www.alstom.com/germany/about-us/history/|title=History|publisher=[[Alstom]]|access-date=5 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130218205239/http://www.alstom.com/Germany/about-us/history/|archive-date=18 February 2013}}</ref> and produced by rail coach manufacturing units at [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala|Kapurthala]], [[Integral Coach Factory|Chennai]] and [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli|Raebareli]].<ref name="thehindu1">{{cite news |date=31 March 2012 |title=Fastest train 'Duronto' is slow off the blocks |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/article3265382.ece |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120912225005/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/article3265382.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 September 2012 |access-date=5 September 2012}} </ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Nandi |first=Tamal |date=1 April 2022 |title=Indian Railways new record: RCF manufactures nearly 1500 LHB coaches in last FY |work=mint |url=https://www.livemint.com/industry/manufacturing/indian-railways-new-record-rcf-manufactures-nearly-1500-lhb-coaches-in-last-fy-11617284752066.html |access-date=16 January 2023}}</ref> They have been used since 2000 on the {{Track gauge|1676mm|lk=on}} [[broad gauge]]<ref name="adams" /> network of Indian railways. Initially, 24 air-conditioned coaches were imported from Germany for use in the [[Shatabdi Express]]es, following which, the Rail Coach Factory started manufacturing after technology transfer.<ref name="ie2000" /> IR declared that all ICF coaches will be replaced by LHB coaches to provide more safety and comfort. The last ICF Coach was flagged off on 19 January 2018, making way for LHB Coaches to be used for all new coaches to be introduced by Indian Railways in the future.<ref>{{cite news |last=Debroy |first=Bibek |title=A 70-year-old vs a 30-year-old: LHB coaches perform better than ICF ones |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/a-70-year-old-vs-a-30-year-old-lhb-coaches-perform-better-than-icf-ones-118020801725_1.html |url-access=subscription |work=Business Standard |date=9 February 2018 |access-date=17 May 2023}}</ref>
== History ==
During 1993–94, Indian Railways decided to look for a passenger coach design which would be lighter and capable of higher speeds compared to their existing [[Trainset|rakes]]. The main features of the Railways' specification were high speed light weight coaches to run on the present infrastructure of the Indian Railways, i.e. the railway, track and environmental conditions in India at an operating speed of {{convert|160|km/h}}.<ref name="adams">{{cite web|url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/adams/rail/pdf/IRY_IR20_Coach.pdf|title=Improvement in Secondary Suspension of "IRY-IR20" Coach using Adams/Rail|publisher=Rail Coach Factory|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref><ref name="thbl1">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/05/19/stories/2003051900100600.htm|title=New coaches for Mumbai Rajdhani|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=19 May 2003|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref> It was decided by the Railways that the design would first be tried in the Rail Coach Factory in Kapurthala (RCF), and upon successful completion of this trial, it would be tried in the [[Integral Coach Factory]] in [[Perambur]].<!--For manufacturing this new generation coach ALSTOM LHB of Germany received the contract from [[Indian Railways]]--><ref name="ie2000">{{cite news|url=http://www.expressindia.com/fe/daily/20000317/fec17088.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130122233708/http://www.expressindia.com/fe/daily/20000317/fec17088.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 January 2013|title=New AC coaches inducted into Railways|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=17 March 2000|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref>
In 1995, after a global selection process, Alstom-LHB received the order from Indian Railways to design and develop a new passenger coach under a transfer of technology agreement.<ref name="thbl1" /> As part of the order, Alstom-LHB had to execute two contracts<!--The purpose of the contract was to have a design for manufacturing a new type of coach in the factories of Indian Railways, as well as improvement of the manufacturing techniques in thouse factories to make them suitable for the new coach design and manufacture, and was named IR 20.<ref name="irfca" /> Alstom-LHB was given two contracts-->, one for the supply of "Light Weight High Speed Coaches for Broad Gauge"<ref name="adams" /> which includes the development, design and manufacture of 19 AC 2nd class chair cars, 2 AC executive class chair cars and 3 generator-cum-brake vans<ref name="irfca">{{cite web|url=http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/alstomcoaches.html|title=ALSTHOM coaches|publisher=IRFCA|access-date=6 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221103601/http://irfca.org/~mrinal/alstomcoaches.html|archive-date=21 February 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the other contract for the "[[Technology Transfer]]" which includes the transfer of technology for design and manufacturing, the training of Indian Railways personnel in the premises of the manufacturer and the technical assistance at RCF during the start of production.<ref name="ie2000" />
Out of the 24 coaches imported from Germany, all of them mostly being air-conditioned chair cars,<ref name="railwayspdf">{{cite web|url=http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/YB-05-06/rolling-stock.pdf|title=Rolling Stock|publisher=[[Indian Railways]]}}</ref> the first lot were used for [[Lucknow Shatabdi|New Delhi-Lucknow Shatabdi Express]] on a trial basis. It didn't turn out be successful as the coaches' wide windows were targets of mischief and [[Stone pelting in India#Trains|stone-pelting]]. Railways had to use sealing tapes to tape up the bruised windows.<ref name="thbl1" /> When these rakes were brought into service, couplers came unstuck and the data collected from the passenger feedback showed that the air conditioning was not "very effective". They were withdrawn from service and after attending to the problems, Railways reintroduced them on the New Delhi-Lucknow Shatabdi Express and proved successful.<ref name="thbl1" /><ref name="thehindu2001">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2001/11/12/stories/0212000k.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615215626/http://www.hindu.com/2001/11/12/stories/0212000k.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 June 2013|title=Imported coaches ready to hit the tracks|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=12 November 2001|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref>
The RCF began to manufacture other variants of LHB design like the air-conditioned first class, AC 2 tier sleeper, AC 3 tier sleeper, hot buffet (pantry) car etc., from 2001 to 2002, and rolled out its first rake in December 2002. The first such
rake was introduced for Mumbai–New Delhi Rajdhani Express in December 2003.<ref name="railwayspdf" /> Up to November 2023, over 31,000 LHB coaches have been produced by the RCF, ICF, and MCF.<ref name=":0" /> These coaches are being used in various trains across the country and have been offering better passenger comfort.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.odishatv.in/NewsDetail.asp?newsId=NS40470|title=Railways to opt for LHB coaches in all trains|publisher=Orissa TV|date=22 April 2011|access-date=7 September 2012}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Indian Railways]] plans to convert all trains to LHB or [[Vande Bharat (trainset)|Vande Bharat]] type coaches by 2030.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mishra |first=Twesh |date=2023-07-19 |title=Railways to have only LHB and Vande Bharat coaches in next 6 years: Official |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/railways-to-have-only-lhb-and-vande-bharat-coaches-in-next-6-years-official/articleshow/101959783.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2024-03-03 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref>
== Technical ==
The coaches are designed for an operating speed up to {{Cvt|160|km/h|4=0}} and could go up to {{Cvt|200|km/h|4=0}}.<ref name="toi2">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-03-25/patna/28143401_1_conventional-coaches-ac-3-shatabdi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412030628/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-03-25/patna/28143401_1_conventional-coaches-ac-3-shatabdi|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 April 2012|title=LHB coaches saved Rajdhani passengers|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=25 March 2010|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref> They have been tested up to {{Cvt|180|km/h|4=0}}. Their length of {{cvt|23.54|m}} and a width of {{cvt|3.24|m}} means a higher passenger capacity, compared to conventional [[Trainset|rakes]].<ref name="telegraph">{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120514/jsp/jharkhand/story_15485712.jsp#.UEd3abLibnM|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130203145417/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120514/jsp/jharkhand/story_15485712.jsp%23.UEd3abLibnM|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 February 2013|title=Bogie boost for Rajdhani & Shatabdi|newspaper=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]]|date=14 May 2012|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref> The tare weight of the AC chair car was weighed as {{convert|39.5|t}}.<ref name="scribd">{{cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/58984025/Introduction-to-LHB-Coach|title=OBJECTIVES OF THE NEWTECHNOLOGY|publisher=Scribd|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref> They are considered to be [[Telescoping (rail cars)|anti-telescopic]], which means they do not get smashed through a second coach or flip in case of a collision (chiefly head-on). These coaches are made of stainless steel and the interiors are made of aluminium which make them lighter as compared to conventional rakes.<ref name="thbl1" /> Each coach also has an "advanced pneumatic disc brake system" for efficient braking at higher speeds, "modular interiors" that integrate lighting into ceiling and luggage racks with wider windows.<ref name="toi062009">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-06-29/chennai/28178942_1_lhb-coaches-k-j-s-naidu-attractive-upholstery|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103162805/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-06-29/chennai/28178942_1_lhb-coaches-k-j-s-naidu-attractive-upholstery|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|title=New-look coaches likely in Shatabdi Exp|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=29 June 2009|access-date=21 September 2012}}</ref> The improved suspension system of LHB coaches ensures more riding comfort for the passengers compared to conventional rakes. The air conditioning system of the LHB coaches is of higher capacity compared to the older rakes and is electronically controlled which is said to give passengers better comfort than the older coaches during summer and winter seasons. They are relatively quieter as each coach produces a maximum noise level of 60 decibels while conventional coaches can produce 100 decibels.
Each LHB coach costs between {{INRConvert|15|m|lk=r}} to {{INRConvert|20|m|lk=r}}, whereas the power car which houses a generator costs about {{INRConvert|30|m}}.<ref name="toi2" /><ref name="thehindu2">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/article3348367.ece|title=Old Rake Allotted to Duronto Express|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=24 April 2012|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref>
==Production==
* Since 2001 onwards until November 2023, over 31,000 LHB coaches were made by various Indian railway coach factories.<ref name=":0" />
* During the 2008–09 Railway Financial Budget session, it was announced that after 2010 only stainless steel coaches will be manufactured.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Union Budget 2008-09 |url=https://specials.indiatoday.com/budget/2008/rail2008-09highlight_new.shtml |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=specials.indiatoday.com}}</ref>
* In 2009–10, 169 LHB coaches produced by Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala, Indian Railway. In 2010–11, 316 LHB coaches produced by Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala, Indian railways.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Railway replacing all conventional coaches with LHB to ensure zero casualties in derailment |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2022/aug/27/railwayreplacing-all-conventional-coaches-with-lhb-to-ensure-zero-casulty-in-derailment-2492010.html |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=The New Indian Express|date=27 August 2022 }}</ref><ref>https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/Annualreport10-11/Rolling_stock.pdf</ref> In 2011–12, 260 LHB coaches manufactured by RCF<ref>https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/pdf/ANNUAL_REPORT_ACCOUNTS_ENG_2011_12/12.pdf</ref> In 2012–13, 470 LHB coaches produced by Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala.<ref>https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/IRSB_2012-13/PDF/Annual_Report_Accounts_Eng/12.pdf</ref>
* In 2011, the Ministry of Indian Railways had approved the construction of a 300 LHB coaches per annum facility at ICF at a cost of {{INRConvert|2.52|b|year=2011}}. The foundation stone was laid in April 2012. It was inaugurated in July 2015 by Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu through video conferencing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sneak peek: LHB Railway coach manufacturing unit in Chennai |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/infrastructure/sneak-peek-lhb-railway-coach-manufacturing-unit-in-chennai/slideshow/47983227.cms |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=The Economic Times}}</ref>
During 2013–14, [[Integral Coach Factory]] produced 25 LHB coaches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/ICF-produces-record-1622-coaches/articleshow/33089541.cms |title=ICF produces record 1,622 coaches - Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=1 April 2014 |access-date=10 May 2018}}</ref> It planned to increase its manufacturing capacity of LHB coaches. It set a target to manufacture 300 LHB coaches in 2014–15 and reach a capacity of 1000 LHB coaches by 2016–17.<ref name="railjournal.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/asia/indian-government-approves-kolar-coach-factory.html?channel=529 |title=Indian government approves Kolar coach factory |publisher=Railjournal.com |date=12 March 2014 |access-date=10 May 2018}}</ref>
* [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli]] produced 711 coaches during 2017–18 and planned to produce 1400 coaches in 2018–19.
In FY2022–23, [[Indian Railways]] manufactured 4,175 LHB coaches. Of these, 1221 coaches were produced at [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala|Rail Coach Factory (RCF)]], 1891 at [[Integral Coach Factory|Integral Coach Factory (ICF)]] and 1063 at [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli|Modern Coach Factory (MCF)]]. LHB coach production increased by 45 percent in the previous financial year. In FY 2018–19, it manufactured 4429 coaches, 6277 coaches in FY 2019–20, 4323 coaches in FY 2020–21, and 6291 coaches in FY 2021–22.<ref name=":0" />
'''The overall production figure of coaches covering all factories is as follows:'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year<ref>https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/railways-plans-4-000-german-coaches-on-track-111080600081_1.html</ref><ref name="Rlwy">{{cite news|url=https://cag.gov.in/uploads/download_audit_report/2020/2%20of%202020-union-Rly-E-05f808bbbdb35b5.88432958.pdf|title=Yearwise Coaches production by Indian Rlys |newspaper=[[Govt data]]|date=2020|access-date=17 Nov 2023}}</ref><ref name="LHB">{{cite news|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1887033|title=Yearwise Coaches production by Indian Rlys |newspaper=[[Govt data]]|date=2022|access-date=17 Nov 2023}}</ref>
! LHB
! ICF
|-
| 2013–14
| 544
| 3303
|-
|2014–15
|555
|3324
|-
|2015–16
|1041
|3893
|-
|2016–17
|1547
|4342
|-
|2017–18
|2160
|4465
|-
|2018–19
|4429
|–
|-
|2019–20
|6277
|–
|-
|2019–20
|4323
|–
|-
|2020–21
|6291
|–
|-
|2021–22 (till 2023-01-31)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2023-11-21 |title=Indian Railways' remarkable achievement! Over 31,000 LHB coaches built in the span of nine years |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/railways-indian-railways-remarkable-achievement-over-31000-lhb-coaches-built-in-the-span-of-nine-years-3300621/ |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref>
|4175
|–
|-
|}
== Types ==
[[File:LHB Coach of 12017 New Delhi Dehradun Shatabdi Express.JPG|thumb|LHB CC coach of New Delhi-Dehradun Shatabdi]]
[[File:LHB AC 3 tier coach of Golden Temple Mail.jpg|thumb|LHB 3A coach of Golden Temple Mail]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Coach Type
! Class
! Sleeping
Capacity
! Sitting
Capacity
|-
| LWFAC<ref name="thbl">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-logistics/article1661761.ece|title=Rlys may raise stainless steel coach production|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=22 June 2007|access-date=6 September 2012}}</ref>
| 1A
| 24
| 24
|-
| LWACCW<ref name="thbl" />
| 2A
| 52
| 52
|-
| LWFCWAC<ref name="thbl2">{{cite web|url=http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/civil_engg/pdf/SD_RS_2013/2013-CEDO-SD-RS-02.pdf|title=Condonation of infringement to maximum dimensions of Composite (AC Ist + AC-2 Tier) EOG LHB Variant Coach (LWFCWAC) to IRSOD (BG) Revised, 2004.|publisher=[[Indian Railways]]|date=25 February 2013|access-date=16 April 2016}}</ref>
| 1A/2A
| 10+28
| 10+28
|-
| LWACCN<ref name="thbl" />
| 3A
| 72
| 72
|-
| LWACCNE
| 3E
| 83
| 83
|-
| LWSCN/LSCN
| SL
| 80
| 80
|-
| LWFCZAC<ref name="thbl" />
| EC
| –
| 56
|-
| LWSCZAC<ref name="thbl" />
| CC
| –
| 78
|-
| LWSCZDAC<ref name="thbl" />
| Double decker CC
| –
| 120
|-
| LWCZDACP
| Double Decker CC + parcel van
| –
| ?
|-
| LWSACAA
| AC 2S
| –
| ?
|-
| LWSCZ
| 2S
| –
| 102
|-
| LWS/LS
| UR/GEN
| –
| 100
|-
| LWCBAC
| PC
| 15
| 15
|-
| LSLRD
| UR/GEN
| –
| 37–46
|-
| LDSLR
| UR/GEN
| –
| 36
|-
| LWLRRM
| EOG
| –
| –
|}
=== Anubhuti ===
[[File:Anubhuti Coach.jpg|thumb|A LHB Anubhuti coach]]
Anubhuti coach (EA) is a luxury LHB coach.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Luxe-Anubhuti-coaches-to-roll-out-from-Kapurthala/articleshow/18786408.cms|title=Luxe Anubhuti coaches to roll out from Kapurthala - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=4 March 2013 }}</ref> These coaches will progressively be introduced on the [[Shatabdi Express|Shatabdi]] and [[Rajdhani Express]] trains.<ref name=toi>{{cite news|title=Chandigarh Shatabdi to have first Anubhuti coach|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-03/chandigarh/37409751_1_modern-facilities-and-services-rajdhani-train-anubhuti|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830205829/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-03/chandigarh/37409751_1_modern-facilities-and-services-rajdhani-train-anubhuti|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 August 2013|access-date=4 March 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=3 March 2013}}</ref>
The [[New Delhi–Chandigarh Shatabdi Express]] will have the first Anubhuti coach, followed by Jaipur Shatabdi.<ref name="toi" /> All Shatabdi trains will have these and later [[Rajdhani Express]] will also have them. The [[Western Railway (India)|Western Railway]] received its first Anubhuti Rail Coach on 12 December 2017 for its [[Mumbai Central–Ahmedabad Shatabdi Express]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/mumbai-ahmedabad-shatabdi-express-to-soon-get-anubhuti-luxury-coach/18818187|title=Mid-Day Mumbai|date=12 December 2017}}</ref>
The [[Central Railway (India)|Central Railway]] augmented the [[Pune–Secunderabad Shatabdi Express]] with an Anubhuti coach from 25 December 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/anubhuti-ac-chair-for-shatabdi/article22277934.ece |title=Anubhuti AC Chair for Shatabdi |date=26 December 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>
[[Southern Railway (India)|Southern Railway]] is operating Anubhuti coach in [[Chennai Central–Coimbatore Shatabdi Express]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/shatabdi-express-to-be-augmented-with-anubhuti-coach-from-jan-26/article22484106.ece|title=Shatabdi Express to be augmented with 'Anubhuti' coach from Jan. 26|author=Staff Reporter|date=21 January 2018|via=www.thehindu.com|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref>
It is a [[state of the art]] LHB coache with a 56 seating capacity,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Seat Map of Executive Anubhuti : etrain.info|url=https://etrain.info/page/seatmap/EA|access-date=29 August 2021|website=etrain.info }}</ref> featuring [[ergonomical]]ly designed cushioned seats, LCD screens, modular toilets and stylish interiors, announced in the [[Railway Budget]] of 2014, are to be produced at the Raebareli coach factory. They are fitted with automatic doors, the interiors and lighting arrangements will be aesthetically designed to enhance the ambience.
It is estimated to cost {{INRConvert|28|m}} to manufacture an Anubhuti coach at the [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli]].<ref name="toi" />
===Hybrid LHB Coaches===
{{refimprove section|date=December 2023}}
Hybrid LHB coaches were a type of passenger coach used by Indian Railways. They had a Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) shell fitted over Integral Coach Factory (ICF) bogies and have a maximum speed of {{cvt|120|km/h}}. They were technologically superior and provided better travelling experience and safety than conventional ICF type coaches. However these coaches are no longer in service. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Upgradation of Coaches |url=https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1707246 |access-date=2023-12-23 |website=pib.gov.in}}</ref>
== Exports ==
=== Bangladesh ===
{{main|Rail transport in Bangladesh}}
[[File:Rajshahi Railway Station 7.jpg|LHB Coach of Bangladesh Railway|thumb]]
[[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala]] received an export order from Bangladesh for the manufacture of 120 LHB coaches. This export order consists of supply and commissioning of 120 [[broad gauge]] LHB coaches that includes following variants:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No. !! Coach Type !! Quantity
|-
| 1 || AC first class sleeper || 17
|-
| 2 || AC chair car || 17
|-
| 3 || Non-AC chair car (with pantry) || 34
|-
| 4 || Non-AC chair car (with prayer room) || 33
|-
| 5 || Power car (generator) || 19
|}
This was the first and biggest-ever consignment of LHB coaches exported by [[Indian Railways]]. The contract agreement between [[RITES]] & [[Bangladesh Railway]] was executed on 21 January 2015, and subsequently between [[RITES]] and [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala]] on 30 September 2015 for supply of these coaches. These coaches were customized as per the Bangladesh Railway's requirement.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Railways to export 120 LHB coaches to Bangladesh, first consignment of 40 to be dispatched in March |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/railways-to-export-120-lhb-coaches-to-bangladesh-first-consignment-of-40-to-be-dispatched-in-march/articleshow/50927771.cms?from=mdr |access-date=31 August 2022 }}</ref> Another order for 200 more coaches was on 20 May 2024. 104 of these coaches will be air-conditioned, and 96 will be non-AC. These coaches will be manufactured at the [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala|Rail Coach Factory]] (RCF) in [[Kapurthala]]. The contract includes a supply and commissioning period of 36 months, followed by a 24-month warranty period.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Indian Railways' RITES to supply 200 passenger coaches to Bangladesh Railways |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/indian-railways-rites-to-supply-200-passenger-coaches-to-bangladesh-railways/amp_articleshow/110276935.cms |access-date=2024-05-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
=== Mozambique ===
{{main|Rail transport in Mozambique}}
[[File:MCF Raebareli Export.jpg|thumb|LHB Coaches for Mozambique ready to be rolled out]]
Parameters of Cape Gauge LHB Coach:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Maximum length of coach || {{cvt|20300|mm}}
|-
| Maximum width of coach || {{cvt|2950|mm}}
|-
| Height of coach from rail level || {{cvt|3955|mm}}
|-
| Height of compartment floor from rail level || {{cvt|1155|mm}}
|-
| Coach height from sole bar bottom || {{cvt|3022|mm}}
|}
In June 2019, [[Mozambique Ports and Railways]] Authority signed an [[MoU]] with Indian railway's [[Rail India Technical and Economic Service|RITES]] to procure 90 [[Cape gauge]] coaches, including 60 loco-hauled designed on LHB coaches platform and 30 [[DEMU]] coaches designed and developed by [[Integral Coach Factory|Integral Coach Factory, Chennai]] and [[RDSO|RDSO, Lucknow]]. The 60 locomotive hauled coaches consists of following variants:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No. !! Coach Type !! Quantity
|-
| 1 || 1st class AC 2-Tier || 6
|-
| 2 || 2nd class AC 3-Tier || 12
|-
| 3 || Non-AC 3rd class (GS) || 20
|-
| 4 || 2nd class AC chair || 10+10
|-
| 5 || AC restaurant car || 4
|-
| 6 || Generator car || 4+3
|-
| 7 || Luggage van || 4
|}
This was [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli]]'s first export consignment after its commissioning almost 8 years ago. These coaches were designed by [[Research Design and Standards Organisation|RDSO, Lucknow]] and developed by Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/coaches-from-rae-bareli-factory-set-to-roll-into-mozambique/articleshow/86439778.cms |title=Coaches from Rae Bareli factory set to roll into Mozambique | Lucknow News |website=[[The Times of India]] |date=23 September 2021 }}</ref>
On 16 December 2022, [[Ministry of Railways (India)|MoR]] informed through Facebook post that it had received a repeat order for 10 more 2nd Class AC Chair locomotive hauled coaches from CFM Mozambique.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India Making for World! Modern Coach Factory receives order for AC coaches from Mozambique-PHOTOS |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/photos/business-gallery/2918163/india-making-for-world-modern-coach-factory-receives-order-for-ac-coaches-from-mozambique-photos/ |access-date=20 December 2022 |website=FinancialExpress.com |date=17 December 2022 }}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Indian Railways}}
[[Category:Railway coaches of India]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{Short description|Type of coach used by Indian Railways}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2023}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}
{{Infobox train
| background =
| name = Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) coach
| image = 12229 Lucknow Mail standing on Platform 16 in New Delhi, India.jpg
| caption = LHB coaches of Lucknow Mail at New Delhi.
| stocktype =
| service = 2000–present
| designer = [[Alstom Transport Deutschland|Linke-Hofmann-Busch]], [[Salzgitter]]
| successor = [[Vande Bharat (trainset)|VBE trainsets]]
| manufacturer = [[Alstom Transport Deutschland|Linke-Hofmann-Busch]]
| factory = 1. [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala]] <br /> 2. [[Integral Coach Factory|Integral Coach Factory, Chennai]] <br /> 3. [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli]]
| replaced = [[ICF coach]]
| yearconstruction = 1998–present
| yearservice = 2000
| operator = [[Indian Railways]] <br /> [[Bangladesh Railway]] <br /> [[Mozambique Ports and Railways]]
| carbody = Spotwelded [[Stainless Steel]]
| carlength = {{cvt|23.54|m|ftin|frac=8}} (body) <br />
{{cvt|24|m|ftin|frac=8}} (coupler-coupler)
| width = {{cvt|3.24|m|ftin|frac=8}} <br />
{{cvt|3.05|m|ftin|frac=8}} ([[Bilevel rail car|Double decker]])
| height = {{cvt|4.039|m|ftin|frac=8}} <br />
{{cvt|4.25|m|ftin|frac=8}} (AC 3 Tier & [[Vistadome]]) <br />
{{cvt|4.366|m|ftin|frac=8}} ([[Bilevel rail car|Double decker]])
| floorheight = {{cvt|1320|mm|ftin|frac=8}}
| platformheight = {{cvt|840|mm|ftin|frac=8}}
| doors = Manual/ Automatic Pivot Hinge Doors <br />
Automatic Sliding Single Leaf Plug Doors ([[Tejas Express]])
| wheeldiameter = {{cvt|855|-|915|mm|in|2}}
| wheelbase = {{cvt|14.9|m|ftin|frac=8}} bogie centres
| maxspeed = {{cvt|130|km/h|mph|0}} (Non-AC coach)<br>{{cvt|160|km/h|mph|0}} (AC coach)<br>{{cvt|200|km/h|mph|0}} (potential max speed)
| weight = {{cvt|39.5|t|LT ST}} (average)
| hvac = {{cvt|85,303|BTU|order=flip}} x 2 RMPUs <br />
{{cvt|122,837|BTU|order=flip}} x 2 RMPUs ([[Bilevel rail car|Double decker]])
| wheel arrangement = 2'2'
| bogies = FIAT [[Bogie]]s
| minimum curve = {{cvt|175|m}}
| brakes = [[Railway air brake]] <br />
[[Electro-pneumatic brake]] (Only in {{cvt|200|km/h|mph}} fit [[Tejas Express]] coach) <br> [[Wheelset (rail transport)|Axle mounted]] [[Railway disc brake]]
| coupling = AAR Type-H [[Tightlock coupling]] <br />
Semi-Permanent Coupler (Only in [[Amrit Bharat (trainset)|Amrit Bharat trainsets]])
| gauge = {{Track gauge|1,676mm|lk=on}} [[Broad gauge]]<br>{{Track gauge|1,067mm|lk=on}} [[3 ft 6 in gauge railways| Cape gauge]]
}}
'''Linke-Hofmann-Busch''' ('''LHB''') '''coach''' is a [[passenger coach]] of [[Indian Railways]] that is developed by [[Linke-Hofmann-Busch]] of Germany<ref name="toi1">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-22/bangalore/31382279_1_ac-coaches-pantry-car-new-coaches|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201235226/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-22/bangalore/31382279_1_ac-coaches-pantry-car-new-coaches|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 February 2014|title=New-look train to Delhi rolls out|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=22 April 2013|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref><ref name="alstom">{{cite web|url=http://www.alstom.com/germany/about-us/history/|title=History|publisher=[[Alstom]]|access-date=5 September 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130218205239/http://www.alstom.com/Germany/about-us/history/|archive-date=18 February 2013}}</ref> and produced by rail coach manufacturing units at [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala|Kapurthala]], [[Integral Coach Factory|Chennai]] and [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli|Raebareli]].<ref name="thehindu1">{{cite news |date=31 March 2012 |title=Fastest train 'Duronto' is slow off the blocks |newspaper=[[The Hindu]] |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/article3265382.ece |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120912225005/http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/article3265382.ece |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 September 2012 |access-date=5 September 2012}} </ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Nandi |first=Tamal |date=1 April 2022 |title=Indian Railways new record: RCF manufactures nearly 1500 LHB coaches in last FY |work=mint |url=https://www.livemint.com/industry/manufacturing/indian-railways-new-record-rcf-manufactures-nearly-1500-lhb-coaches-in-last-fy-11617284752066.html |access-date=16 January 2023}}</ref> They have been used since 2000 on the {{Track gauge|1676mm|lk=on}} [[broad gauge]]<ref name="adams" /> network of Indian railways. Initially, 24 air-conditioned coaches were imported from Germany for use in the [[Shatabdi Express]]es, following which, the Rail Coach Factory started manufacturing after technology transfer.<ref name="ie2000" /> IR declared that all ICF coaches will be replaced by LHB coaches to provide more safety and comfort. The last ICF Coach was flagged off on 19 January 2018, making way for LHB Coaches to be used for all new coaches to be introduced by Indian Railways in the future.<ref>{{cite news |last=Debroy |first=Bibek |title=A 70-year-old vs a 30-year-old: LHB coaches perform better than ICF ones |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/opinion/a-70-year-old-vs-a-30-year-old-lhb-coaches-perform-better-than-icf-ones-118020801725_1.html |url-access=subscription |work=Business Standard |date=9 February 2018 |access-date=17 May 2023}}</ref>
== History ==
During 1993–94, Indian Railways decided to look for a passenger coach design which would be lighter and capable of higher speeds compared to their existing [[Trainset|rakes]]. The main features of the Railways' specification were high speed light weight coaches to run on the present infrastructure of the Indian Railways, i.e. the railway, track and environmental conditions in India at an operating speed of {{convert|160|km/h}}.<ref name="adams">{{cite web|url=http://www.mscsoftware.com/support/library/conf/adams/rail/pdf/IRY_IR20_Coach.pdf|title=Improvement in Secondary Suspension of "IRY-IR20" Coach using Adams/Rail|publisher=Rail Coach Factory|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref><ref name="thbl1">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.in/2003/05/19/stories/2003051900100600.htm|title=New coaches for Mumbai Rajdhani|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=19 May 2003|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref> It was decided by the Railways that the design would first be tried in the Rail Coach Factory in Kapurthala (RCF), and upon successful completion of this trial, it would be tried in the [[Integral Coach Factory]] in [[Perambur]].<!--For manufacturing this new generation coach ALSTOM LHB of Germany received the contract from [[Indian Railways]]--><ref name="ie2000">{{cite news|url=http://www.expressindia.com/fe/daily/20000317/fec17088.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130122233708/http://www.expressindia.com/fe/daily/20000317/fec17088.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 January 2013|title=New AC coaches inducted into Railways|newspaper=[[The Indian Express]]|date=17 March 2000|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref>
In 1995, after a global selection process, Alstom-LHB received the order from Indian Railways to design and develop a new passenger coach under a transfer of technology agreement.<ref name="thbl1" /> As part of the order, Alstom-LHB had to execute two contracts<!--The purpose of the contract was to have a design for manufacturing a new type of coach in the factories of Indian Railways, as well as improvement of the manufacturing techniques in thouse factories to make them suitable for the new coach design and manufacture, and was named IR 20.<ref name="irfca" /> Alstom-LHB was given two contracts-->, one for the supply of "Light Weight High Speed Coaches for Broad Gauge"<ref name="adams" /> which includes the development, design and manufacture of 19 AC 2nd class chair cars, 2 AC executive class chair cars and 3 generator-cum-brake vans<ref name="irfca">{{cite web|url=http://www.irfca.org/~mrinal/alstomcoaches.html|title=ALSTHOM coaches|publisher=IRFCA|access-date=6 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221103601/http://irfca.org/~mrinal/alstomcoaches.html|archive-date=21 February 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the other contract for the "[[Technology Transfer]]" which includes the transfer of technology for design and manufacturing, the training of Indian Railways personnel in the premises of the manufacturer and the technical assistance at RCF during the start of production.<ref name="ie2000" />
Out of the 24 coaches imported from Germany, all of them mostly being air-conditioned chair cars,<ref name="railwayspdf">{{cite web|url=http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/YB-05-06/rolling-stock.pdf|title=Rolling Stock|publisher=[[Indian Railways]]}}</ref> the first lot were used for [[Lucknow Shatabdi|New Delhi-Lucknow Shatabdi Express]] on a trial basis. It didn't turn out be successful as the coaches' wide windows were targets of mischief and [[Stone pelting in India#Trains|stone-pelting]]. Railways had to use sealing tapes to tape up the bruised windows.<ref name="thbl1" /> When these rakes were brought into service, couplers came unstuck and the data collected from the passenger feedback showed that the air conditioning was not "very effective". They were withdrawn from service and after attending to the problems, Railways reintroduced them on the New Delhi-Lucknow Shatabdi Express and proved successful.<ref name="thbl1" /><ref name="thehindu2001">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2001/11/12/stories/0212000k.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615215626/http://www.hindu.com/2001/11/12/stories/0212000k.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 June 2013|title=Imported coaches ready to hit the tracks|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=12 November 2001|access-date=8 September 2012}}</ref>
The RCF began to manufacture other variants of LHB design like the air-conditioned first class, AC 2 tier sleeper, AC 3 tier sleeper, hot buffet (pantry) car etc., from 2001 to 2002, and rolled out its first rake in December 2002. The first such
rake was introduced for Mumbai–New Delhi Rajdhani Express in December 2003.<ref name="railwayspdf" /> Up to November 2023, over 31,000 LHB coaches have been produced by the RCF, ICF, and MCF.<ref name=":0" /> These coaches are being used in various trains across the country and have been offering better passenger comfort.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.odishatv.in/NewsDetail.asp?newsId=NS40470|title=Railways to opt for LHB coaches in all trains|publisher=Orissa TV|date=22 April 2011|access-date=7 September 2012}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> [[Indian Railways]] plans to convert all trains to LHB or [[Vande Bharat (trainset)|Vande Bharat]] type coaches by 2030.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mishra |first=Twesh |date=2023-07-19 |title=Railways to have only LHB and Vande Bharat coaches in next 6 years: Official |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/railways-to-have-only-lhb-and-vande-bharat-coaches-in-next-6-years-official/articleshow/101959783.cms?from=mdr |access-date=2024-03-03 |work=The Economic Times |issn=0013-0389}}</ref>
== Technical ==
The coaches are designed for an operating speed up to {{Cvt|160|km/h|4=0}} and could go up to {{Cvt|200|km/h|4=0}}.<ref name="toi2">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-03-25/patna/28143401_1_conventional-coaches-ac-3-shatabdi|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412030628/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-03-25/patna/28143401_1_conventional-coaches-ac-3-shatabdi|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 April 2012|title=LHB coaches saved Rajdhani passengers|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=25 March 2010|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref> They have been tested up to {{Cvt|180|km/h|4=0}}. Their length of {{cvt|23.54|m}} and a width of {{cvt|3.24|m}} means a higher passenger capacity, compared to conventional [[Trainset|rakes]].<ref name="telegraph">{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120514/jsp/jharkhand/story_15485712.jsp#.UEd3abLibnM|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130203145417/http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120514/jsp/jharkhand/story_15485712.jsp%23.UEd3abLibnM|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 February 2013|title=Bogie boost for Rajdhani & Shatabdi|newspaper=[[The Telegraph (Calcutta)|The Telegraph]]|date=14 May 2012|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref> The tare weight of the AC chair car was weighed as {{convert|39.5|t}}.<ref name="scribd">{{cite web|url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/58984025/Introduction-to-LHB-Coach|title=OBJECTIVES OF THE NEWTECHNOLOGY|publisher=Scribd|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref> They are considered to be [[Telescoping (rail cars)|anti-telescopic]], which means they do not get smashed through a second coach or flip in case of a collision (chiefly head-on). These coaches are made of stainless steel and the interiors are made of aluminium which make them lighter as compared to conventional rakes.<ref name="thbl1" /> Each coach also has an "advanced pneumatic disc brake system" for efficient braking at higher speeds, "modular interiors" that integrate lighting into ceiling and luggage racks with wider windows.<ref name="toi062009">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-06-29/chennai/28178942_1_lhb-coaches-k-j-s-naidu-attractive-upholstery|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130103162805/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-06-29/chennai/28178942_1_lhb-coaches-k-j-s-naidu-attractive-upholstery|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 January 2013|title=New-look coaches likely in Shatabdi Exp|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=29 June 2009|access-date=21 September 2012}}</ref> The improved suspension system of LHB coaches ensures more riding comfort for the passengers compared to conventional rakes. The air conditioning system of the LHB coaches is of higher capacity compared to the older rakes and is electronically controlled which is said to give passengers better comfort than the older coaches during summer and winter seasons. They are relatively quieter as each coach produces a maximum noise level of 60 decibels while conventional coaches can produce 100 decibels.
Each LHB coach costs between {{INRConvert|15|m|lk=r}} to {{INRConvert|20|m|lk=r}}, whereas the power car which houses a generator costs about {{INRConvert|30|m}}.<ref name="toi2" /><ref name="thehindu2">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Visakhapatnam/article3348367.ece|title=Old Rake Allotted to Duronto Express|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=24 April 2012|access-date=5 September 2012}}</ref>
==Production==
* Since 2001 onwards until November 2023, over 31,000 LHB coaches were made by various Indian railway coach factories.<ref name=":0" />
* During the 2008–09 Railway Financial Budget session, it was announced that after 2010 only stainless steel coaches will be manufactured.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Union Budget 2008-09 |url=https://specials.indiatoday.com/budget/2008/rail2008-09highlight_new.shtml |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=specials.indiatoday.com}}</ref>
* In 2009–10, 169 LHB coaches produced by Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala, Indian Railway. In 2010–11, 316 LHB coaches produced by Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala, Indian railways.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Railway replacing all conventional coaches with LHB to ensure zero casualties in derailment |url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2022/aug/27/railwayreplacing-all-conventional-coaches-with-lhb-to-ensure-zero-casulty-in-derailment-2492010.html |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=The New Indian Express|date=27 August 2022 }}</ref><ref>https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/Annualreport10-11/Rolling_stock.pdf</ref> In 2011–12, 260 LHB coaches manufactured by RCF<ref>https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/pdf/ANNUAL_REPORT_ACCOUNTS_ENG_2011_12/12.pdf</ref> In 2012–13, 470 LHB coaches produced by Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala.<ref>https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/stat_econ/IRSB_2012-13/PDF/Annual_Report_Accounts_Eng/12.pdf</ref>
* In 2011, the Ministry of Indian Railways had approved the construction of a 300 LHB coaches per annum facility at ICF at a cost of {{INRConvert|2.52|b|year=2011}}. The foundation stone was laid in April 2012. It was inaugurated in July 2015 by Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu through video conferencing.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sneak peek: LHB Railway coach manufacturing unit in Chennai |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/infrastructure/sneak-peek-lhb-railway-coach-manufacturing-unit-in-chennai/slideshow/47983227.cms |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=The Economic Times}}</ref>
During 2013–14, [[Integral Coach Factory]] produced 25 LHB coaches.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/ICF-produces-record-1622-coaches/articleshow/33089541.cms |title=ICF produces record 1,622 coaches - Times of India |publisher=Timesofindia.indiatimes.com |date=1 April 2014 |access-date=10 May 2018}}</ref> It planned to increase its manufacturing capacity of LHB coaches. It set a target to manufacture 300 LHB coaches in 2014–15 and reach a capacity of 1000 LHB coaches by 2016–17.<ref name="railjournal.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/asia/indian-government-approves-kolar-coach-factory.html?channel=529 |title=Indian government approves Kolar coach factory |publisher=Railjournal.com |date=12 March 2014 |access-date=10 May 2018}}</ref>
* [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli]] produced 711 coaches during 2017–18 and planned to produce 1400 coaches in 2018–19.
In FY2022–23, [[Indian Railways]] manufactured 4,175 LHB coaches. Of these, 1221 coaches were produced at [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala|Rail Coach Factory (RCF)]], 1891 at [[Integral Coach Factory|Integral Coach Factory (ICF)]] and 1063 at [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli|Modern Coach Factory (MCF)]]. LHB coach production increased by 45 percent in the previous financial year. In FY 2018–19, it manufactured 4429 coaches, 6277 coaches in FY 2019–20, 4323 coaches in FY 2020–21, and 6291 coaches in FY 2021–22.<ref name=":0" />
'''The overall production figure of coaches covering all factories is as follows:'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year<ref>https://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/railways-plans-4-000-german-coaches-on-track-111080600081_1.html</ref><ref name="Rlwy">{{cite news|url=https://cag.gov.in/uploads/download_audit_report/2020/2%20of%202020-union-Rly-E-05f808bbbdb35b5.88432958.pdf|title=Yearwise Coaches production by Indian Rlys |newspaper=[[Govt data]]|date=2020|access-date=17 Nov 2023}}</ref><ref name="LHB">{{cite news|url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1887033|title=Yearwise Coaches production by Indian Rlys |newspaper=[[Govt data]]|date=2022|access-date=17 Nov 2023}}</ref>
! LHB
! ICF
|-
| 2013–14
| 544
| 3303
|-
|2014–15
|555
|3324
|-
|2015–16
|1041
|3893
|-
|2016–17
|1547
|4342
|-
|2017–18
|2160
|4465
|-
|2018–19
|4429
|–
|-
|2019–20
|6277
|–
|-
|2019–20
|4323
|–
|-
|2020–21
|6291
|–
|-
|2021–22 (till 2023-01-31)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2023-11-21 |title=Indian Railways' remarkable achievement! Over 31,000 LHB coaches built in the span of nine years |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/business/railways-indian-railways-remarkable-achievement-over-31000-lhb-coaches-built-in-the-span-of-nine-years-3300621/ |access-date=2023-12-19 |website=Financialexpress |language=en}}</ref>
|4175
|–
|-
|}
== Types ==
[[File:LHB Coach of 12017 New Delhi Dehradun Shatabdi Express.JPG|thumb|LHB CC coach of New Delhi-Dehradun Shatabdi]]
[[File:LHB AC 3 tier coach of Golden Temple Mail.jpg|thumb|LHB 3A coach of Golden Temple Mail]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Coach Type
! Class
! Sleeping
Capacity
! Sitting
Capacity
|-
| LWFAC<ref name="thbl">{{cite news|url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/todays-paper/tp-logistics/article1661761.ece|title=Rlys may raise stainless steel coach production|newspaper=[[Business Line]]|date=22 June 2007|access-date=6 September 2012}}</ref>
| 1A
| 24
| 24
|-
| LWACCW<ref name="thbl" />
| 2A
| 52
| 52
|-
| LWFCWAC<ref name="thbl2">{{cite web|url=http://www.indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/directorate/civil_engg/pdf/SD_RS_2013/2013-CEDO-SD-RS-02.pdf|title=Condonation of infringement to maximum dimensions of Composite (AC Ist + AC-2 Tier) EOG LHB Variant Coach (LWFCWAC) to IRSOD (BG) Revised, 2004.|publisher=[[Indian Railways]]|date=25 February 2013|access-date=16 April 2016}}</ref>
| 1A/2A
| 10+28
| 10+28
|-
| LWACCN<ref name="thbl" />
| 3A
| 72
| 72
|-
| LWACCNE
| 3E
| 83
| 83
|-
| LWSCN/LSCN
| SL
| 80
| 80
|-
| LWFCZAC<ref name="thbl" />
| EC
| –
| 56
|-
| LWSCZAC<ref name="thbl" />
| CC
| –
| 78
|-
| LWSCZDAC<ref name="thbl" />
| Double decker CC
| –
| 120
|-
| LWCZDACP
| Double Decker CC + parcel van
| –
| ?
|-
| LWSACAA
| AC 2S
| –
| ?
|-
| LWSCZ
| 2S
| –
| 102
|-
| LWS/LS
| UR/GEN
| –
| 100
|-
| LWCBAC
| PC
| 15
| 15
|-
| LSLRD
| UR/GEN
| –
| 37–46
|-
| LDSLR
| UR/GEN
| –
| 36
|-
| LWLRRM
| EOG
| –
| –
|}
=== Anubhuti ===
[[File:Anubhuti Coach.jpg|thumb|A LHB Anubhuti coach]]
Anubhuti coach (EA) is a luxury LHB coach.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Luxe-Anubhuti-coaches-to-roll-out-from-Kapurthala/articleshow/18786408.cms|title=Luxe Anubhuti coaches to roll out from Kapurthala - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=4 March 2013 }}</ref> These coaches will progressively be introduced on the [[Shatabdi Express|Shatabdi]] and [[Rajdhani Express]] trains.<ref name=toi>{{cite news|title=Chandigarh Shatabdi to have first Anubhuti coach|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-03/chandigarh/37409751_1_modern-facilities-and-services-rajdhani-train-anubhuti|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830205829/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-03/chandigarh/37409751_1_modern-facilities-and-services-rajdhani-train-anubhuti|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 August 2013|access-date=4 March 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=3 March 2013}}</ref>
It is a [[state of the art]] LHB coache with a 56 seating capacity,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Seat Map of Executive Anubhuti : etrain.info|url=https://etrain.info/page/seatmap/EA|access-date=29 August 2021|website=etrain.info }}</ref> featuring [[ergonomical]]ly designed cushioned seats, LCD screens, modular toilets and stylish interiors, announced in the [[Railway Budget]] of 2014, are to be produced at the Raebareli coach factory. They are fitted with automatic doors, the interiors and lighting arrangements will be aesthetically designed to enhance the ambience.
It is estimated to cost {{INRConvert|28|m}} to manufacture an Anubhuti coach at the [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli]].<ref name="toi" />
===Hybrid LHB Coaches===
{{refimprove section|date=December 2023}}
[[File:Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg|thumb|Hybrid LHB coaches in Duronto livery.]]
Hybrid LHB coaches were a type of passenger coach used by Indian Railways. They had a Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) shell fitted over Integral Coach Factory (ICF) bogies and have a maximum speed of {{cvt|120|km/h}}. They were technologically superior and provided better travelling experience and safety than conventional ICF type coaches. However these coaches are no longer in service. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Upgradation of Coaches |url=https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1707246 |access-date=2023-12-23 |website=pib.gov.in}}</ref>
===Vistadome Coaches===
[[File:Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp|thumb|Vistadome coach of Asansol-Hatia Express.]]
Indian Railway has launched Vistadome trains to boost tourism by rail, linking various tourist spots nationwide. These trains offer modern amenities designed to enhance passengers’ comfort and convenience. They have wide windowpanes and roof switchable glass that become transparent or translucent with the press of a button. It also has rotatable seats and a GPS based info systems. They also have an observation area. However most of the times the vistadome coach is attached in the front of the train, rendering the observation area useless. Also, due to high ticket prices, they mostly go pretty empty.
[[File:Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg|thumb|Observation area of Vistadome coaches, here the locomotive at the front blocks the view.]]
===3 AC Economy Coaches===
[[File:3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg|thumb|3rd AC Economy coaches.]]
The AC 3-Tier coaches are very popular among passengers for their price and comfort. Recognizing this popularity, the railways introduced 3 AC Economy coaches. These coaches have improved berth designs, individual AC vents and reading lights and improved washrooms. They can seat 83 passengers as compared to the AC 3 Tier's 72. However the leg room and seat cushioning was reduced.
[[File:Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg|thumb|Interior of 3rd AC Ecnomy coach]]
Initially, it was announced that the fare of these coaches will be 50% of AC 3 Tier fares. However when these coaches were pushed into commercial service, the fare was only ₹50-₹70 less that AC 3 Tier fare. Indian Railways increased the number of these coaches in long distance trains recklessly while significantly reducing the number of sleeper and unreserved coaches, leading to intense overcrowding in these coaches (''people were seen sleeping on the floor''). Meanwhile the 3 AC Economy coaches went largely empty. This sparked public outrage and finally, Indian Railways decided to reverse the desicion. Now the coach composition of trains is undergoing change and sleeper and general coaches are being increased. 3 AC Economy coaches are now being used to replace the old ICF rakes of [[Garib Rath Express]]
== Exports ==
=== Bangladesh ===
{{main|Rail transport in Bangladesh}}
[[File:Rajshahi Railway Station 7.jpg|LHB Coach of Bangladesh Railway|thumb]]
[[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala]] received an export order from Bangladesh for the manufacture of 120 LHB coaches. This export order consists of supply and commissioning of 120 [[broad gauge]] LHB coaches that includes following variants:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No. !! Coach Type !! Quantity
|-
| 1 || AC first class sleeper || 17
|-
| 2 || AC chair car || 17
|-
| 3 || Non-AC chair car (with pantry) || 34
|-
| 4 || Non-AC chair car (with prayer room) || 33
|-
| 5 || Power car (generator) || 19
|}
This was the first and biggest-ever consignment of LHB coaches exported by [[Indian Railways]]. The contract agreement between [[RITES]] & [[Bangladesh Railway]] was executed on 21 January 2015, and subsequently between [[RITES]] and [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala]] on 30 September 2015 for supply of these coaches. These coaches were customized as per the Bangladesh Railway's requirement.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Railways to export 120 LHB coaches to Bangladesh, first consignment of 40 to be dispatched in March |work=The Economic Times |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/railways-to-export-120-lhb-coaches-to-bangladesh-first-consignment-of-40-to-be-dispatched-in-march/articleshow/50927771.cms?from=mdr |access-date=31 August 2022 }}</ref> Another order for 200 more coaches was on 20 May 2024. 104 of these coaches will be air-conditioned, and 96 will be non-AC. These coaches will be manufactured at the [[Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala|Rail Coach Factory]] (RCF) in [[Kapurthala]]. The contract includes a supply and commissioning period of 36 months, followed by a 24-month warranty period.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Indian Railways' RITES to supply 200 passenger coaches to Bangladesh Railways |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/indian-railways-rites-to-supply-200-passenger-coaches-to-bangladesh-railways/amp_articleshow/110276935.cms |access-date=2024-05-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
=== Mozambique ===
{{main|Rail transport in Mozambique}}
[[File:MCF Raebareli Export.jpg|thumb|LHB Coaches for Mozambique ready to be rolled out]]
Parameters of Cape Gauge LHB Coach:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
| Maximum length of coach || {{cvt|20300|mm}}
|-
| Maximum width of coach || {{cvt|2950|mm}}
|-
| Height of coach from rail level || {{cvt|3955|mm}}
|-
| Height of compartment floor from rail level || {{cvt|1155|mm}}
|-
| Coach height from sole bar bottom || {{cvt|3022|mm}}
|}
In June 2019, [[Mozambique Ports and Railways]] Authority signed an [[MoU]] with Indian railway's [[Rail India Technical and Economic Service|RITES]] to procure 90 [[Cape gauge]] coaches, including 60 loco-hauled designed on LHB coaches platform and 30 [[DEMU]] coaches designed and developed by [[Integral Coach Factory|Integral Coach Factory, Chennai]] and [[RDSO|RDSO, Lucknow]]. The 60 locomotive hauled coaches consists of following variants:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! No. !! Coach Type !! Quantity
|-
| 1 || 1st class AC 2-Tier || 6
|-
| 2 || 2nd class AC 3-Tier || 12
|-
| 3 || Non-AC 3rd class (GS) || 20
|-
| 4 || 2nd class AC chair || 10+10
|-
| 5 || AC restaurant car || 4
|-
| 6 || Generator car || 4+3
|-
| 7 || Luggage van || 4
|}
This was [[Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli]]'s first export consignment after its commissioning almost 8 years ago. These coaches were designed by [[Research Design and Standards Organisation|RDSO, Lucknow]] and developed by Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/coaches-from-rae-bareli-factory-set-to-roll-into-mozambique/articleshow/86439778.cms |title=Coaches from Rae Bareli factory set to roll into Mozambique | Lucknow News |website=[[The Times of India]] |date=23 September 2021 }}</ref>
On 16 December 2022, [[Ministry of Railways (India)|MoR]] informed through Facebook post that it had received a repeat order for 10 more 2nd Class AC Chair locomotive hauled coaches from CFM Mozambique.<ref>{{Cite web |title=India Making for World! Modern Coach Factory receives order for AC coaches from Mozambique-PHOTOS |url=https://www.financialexpress.com/photos/business-gallery/2918163/india-making-for-world-modern-coach-factory-receives-order-for-ac-coaches-from-mozambique-photos/ |access-date=20 December 2022 |website=FinancialExpress.com |date=17 December 2022 }}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Indian Railways}}
[[Category:Railway coaches of India]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -229,8 +229,4 @@
[[File:Anubhuti Coach.jpg|thumb|A LHB Anubhuti coach]]
Anubhuti coach (EA) is a luxury LHB coach.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Luxe-Anubhuti-coaches-to-roll-out-from-Kapurthala/articleshow/18786408.cms|title=Luxe Anubhuti coaches to roll out from Kapurthala - Times of India|website=The Times of India|date=4 March 2013 }}</ref> These coaches will progressively be introduced on the [[Shatabdi Express|Shatabdi]] and [[Rajdhani Express]] trains.<ref name=toi>{{cite news|title=Chandigarh Shatabdi to have first Anubhuti coach|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-03/chandigarh/37409751_1_modern-facilities-and-services-rajdhani-train-anubhuti|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830205829/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-03-03/chandigarh/37409751_1_modern-facilities-and-services-rajdhani-train-anubhuti|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 August 2013|access-date=4 March 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=3 March 2013}}</ref>
-
-The [[New Delhi–Chandigarh Shatabdi Express]] will have the first Anubhuti coach, followed by Jaipur Shatabdi.<ref name="toi" /> All Shatabdi trains will have these and later [[Rajdhani Express]] will also have them. The [[Western Railway (India)|Western Railway]] received its first Anubhuti Rail Coach on 12 December 2017 for its [[Mumbai Central–Ahmedabad Shatabdi Express]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/mumbai-ahmedabad-shatabdi-express-to-soon-get-anubhuti-luxury-coach/18818187|title=Mid-Day Mumbai|date=12 December 2017}}</ref>
-The [[Central Railway (India)|Central Railway]] augmented the [[Pune–Secunderabad Shatabdi Express]] with an Anubhuti coach from 25 December 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/anubhuti-ac-chair-for-shatabdi/article22277934.ece |title=Anubhuti AC Chair for Shatabdi |date=26 December 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>
-[[Southern Railway (India)|Southern Railway]] is operating Anubhuti coach in [[Chennai Central–Coimbatore Shatabdi Express]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/shatabdi-express-to-be-augmented-with-anubhuti-coach-from-jan-26/article22484106.ece|title=Shatabdi Express to be augmented with 'Anubhuti' coach from Jan. 26|author=Staff Reporter|date=21 January 2018|via=www.thehindu.com|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref>
It is a [[state of the art]] LHB coache with a 56 seating capacity,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Seat Map of Executive Anubhuti : etrain.info|url=https://etrain.info/page/seatmap/EA|access-date=29 August 2021|website=etrain.info }}</ref> featuring [[ergonomical]]ly designed cushioned seats, LCD screens, modular toilets and stylish interiors, announced in the [[Railway Budget]] of 2014, are to be produced at the Raebareli coach factory. They are fitted with automatic doors, the interiors and lighting arrangements will be aesthetically designed to enhance the ambience.
@@ -240,5 +236,27 @@
===Hybrid LHB Coaches===
{{refimprove section|date=December 2023}}
+[[File:Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg|thumb|Hybrid LHB coaches in Duronto livery.]]
+
Hybrid LHB coaches were a type of passenger coach used by Indian Railways. They had a Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) shell fitted over Integral Coach Factory (ICF) bogies and have a maximum speed of {{cvt|120|km/h}}. They were technologically superior and provided better travelling experience and safety than conventional ICF type coaches. However these coaches are no longer in service. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Upgradation of Coaches |url=https://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1707246 |access-date=2023-12-23 |website=pib.gov.in}}</ref>
+
+
+===Vistadome Coaches===
+
+[[File:Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp|thumb|Vistadome coach of Asansol-Hatia Express.]]
+
+Indian Railway has launched Vistadome trains to boost tourism by rail, linking various tourist spots nationwide. These trains offer modern amenities designed to enhance passengers’ comfort and convenience. They have wide windowpanes and roof switchable glass that become transparent or translucent with the press of a button. It also has rotatable seats and a GPS based info systems. They also have an observation area. However most of the times the vistadome coach is attached in the front of the train, rendering the observation area useless. Also, due to high ticket prices, they mostly go pretty empty.
+
+[[File:Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg|thumb|Observation area of Vistadome coaches, here the locomotive at the front blocks the view.]]
+
+
+===3 AC Economy Coaches===
+
+[[File:3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg|thumb|3rd AC Economy coaches.]]
+
+The AC 3-Tier coaches are very popular among passengers for their price and comfort. Recognizing this popularity, the railways introduced 3 AC Economy coaches. These coaches have improved berth designs, individual AC vents and reading lights and improved washrooms. They can seat 83 passengers as compared to the AC 3 Tier's 72. However the leg room and seat cushioning was reduced.
+
+[[File:Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg|thumb|Interior of 3rd AC Ecnomy coach]]
+
+Initially, it was announced that the fare of these coaches will be 50% of AC 3 Tier fares. However when these coaches were pushed into commercial service, the fare was only ₹50-₹70 less that AC 3 Tier fare. Indian Railways increased the number of these coaches in long distance trains recklessly while significantly reducing the number of sleeper and unreserved coaches, leading to intense overcrowding in these coaches (''people were seen sleeping on the floor''). Meanwhile the 3 AC Economy coaches went largely empty. This sparked public outrage and finally, Indian Railways decided to reverse the desicion. Now the coach composition of trains is undergoing change and sleeper and general coaches are being increased. 3 AC Economy coaches are now being used to replace the old ICF rakes of [[Garib Rath Express]]
== Exports ==
' |
New page size (new_size) | 30817 |
Old page size (old_size) | 29820 |
Size change in edit (edit_delta) | 997 |
Lines added in edit (added_lines) | [
0 => '[[File:Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg|thumb|Hybrid LHB coaches in Duronto livery.]]',
1 => '',
2 => '',
3 => '',
4 => '===Vistadome Coaches===',
5 => '',
6 => '[[File:Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp|thumb|Vistadome coach of Asansol-Hatia Express.]]',
7 => '',
8 => 'Indian Railway has launched Vistadome trains to boost tourism by rail, linking various tourist spots nationwide. These trains offer modern amenities designed to enhance passengers’ comfort and convenience. They have wide windowpanes and roof switchable glass that become transparent or translucent with the press of a button. It also has rotatable seats and a GPS based info systems. They also have an observation area. However most of the times the vistadome coach is attached in the front of the train, rendering the observation area useless. Also, due to high ticket prices, they mostly go pretty empty. ',
9 => '',
10 => '[[File:Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg|thumb|Observation area of Vistadome coaches, here the locomotive at the front blocks the view.]]',
11 => '',
12 => '',
13 => '===3 AC Economy Coaches===',
14 => '',
15 => '[[File:3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg|thumb|3rd AC Economy coaches.]]',
16 => '',
17 => 'The AC 3-Tier coaches are very popular among passengers for their price and comfort. Recognizing this popularity, the railways introduced 3 AC Economy coaches. These coaches have improved berth designs, individual AC vents and reading lights and improved washrooms. They can seat 83 passengers as compared to the AC 3 Tier's 72. However the leg room and seat cushioning was reduced. ',
18 => '',
19 => '[[File:Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg|thumb|Interior of 3rd AC Ecnomy coach]]',
20 => '',
21 => 'Initially, it was announced that the fare of these coaches will be 50% of AC 3 Tier fares. However when these coaches were pushed into commercial service, the fare was only ₹50-₹70 less that AC 3 Tier fare. Indian Railways increased the number of these coaches in long distance trains recklessly while significantly reducing the number of sleeper and unreserved coaches, leading to intense overcrowding in these coaches (''people were seen sleeping on the floor''). Meanwhile the 3 AC Economy coaches went largely empty. This sparked public outrage and finally, Indian Railways decided to reverse the desicion. Now the coach composition of trains is undergoing change and sleeper and general coaches are being increased. 3 AC Economy coaches are now being used to replace the old ICF rakes of [[Garib Rath Express]]'
] |
Lines removed in edit (removed_lines) | [
0 => '',
1 => 'The [[New Delhi–Chandigarh Shatabdi Express]] will have the first Anubhuti coach, followed by Jaipur Shatabdi.<ref name="toi" /> All Shatabdi trains will have these and later [[Rajdhani Express]] will also have them. The [[Western Railway (India)|Western Railway]] received its first Anubhuti Rail Coach on 12 December 2017 for its [[Mumbai Central–Ahmedabad Shatabdi Express]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/mumbai-ahmedabad-shatabdi-express-to-soon-get-anubhuti-luxury-coach/18818187|title=Mid-Day Mumbai|date=12 December 2017}}</ref>',
2 => 'The [[Central Railway (India)|Central Railway]] augmented the [[Pune–Secunderabad Shatabdi Express]] with an Anubhuti coach from 25 December 2017.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/anubhuti-ac-chair-for-shatabdi/article22277934.ece |title=Anubhuti AC Chair for Shatabdi |date=26 December 2017 |work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref>',
3 => '[[Southern Railway (India)|Southern Railway]] is operating Anubhuti coach in [[Chennai Central–Coimbatore Shatabdi Express]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/shatabdi-express-to-be-augmented-with-anubhuti-coach-from-jan-26/article22484106.ece|title=Shatabdi Express to be augmented with 'Anubhuti' coach from Jan. 26|author=Staff Reporter|date=21 January 2018|via=www.thehindu.com|newspaper=The Hindu}}</ref>'
] |
All external links added in the edit (added_links) | [] |
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52 => 'http://www.mid-day.com/articles/mumbai-ahmedabad-shatabdi-express-to-soon-get-anubhuti-luxury-coach/18818187',
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html) | '<div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of coach used by Indian Railways</div>
<p class="mw-empty-elt">
</p>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1229112069">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hProduct"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="color:; background-color:;">Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) coach</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:12229_Lucknow_Mail_standing_on_Platform_16_in_New_Delhi,_India.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/12229_Lucknow_Mail_standing_on_Platform_16_in_New_Delhi%2C_India.jpg/300px-12229_Lucknow_Mail_standing_on_Platform_16_in_New_Delhi%2C_India.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/12229_Lucknow_Mail_standing_on_Platform_16_in_New_Delhi%2C_India.jpg/450px-12229_Lucknow_Mail_standing_on_Platform_16_in_New_Delhi%2C_India.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/12229_Lucknow_Mail_standing_on_Platform_16_in_New_Delhi%2C_India.jpg/600px-12229_Lucknow_Mail_standing_on_Platform_16_in_New_Delhi%2C_India.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">LHB coaches of Lucknow Mail at New Delhi.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In service</th><td class="infobox-data">2000–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data brand"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alstom_Transport_Deutschland" title="Alstom Transport Deutschland">Linke-Hofmann-Busch</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Alstom_Transport_Deutschland" title="Alstom Transport Deutschland">Linke-Hofmann-Busch</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Salzgitter" title="Salzgitter">Salzgitter</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Built at</th><td class="infobox-data">1. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Coach_Factory,_Kapurthala" title="Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala">Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala</a> <br /> 2. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Integral Coach Factory, Chennai</a> <br /> 3. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Modern_Coach_Factory,_Raebareli" title="Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli">Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Replaced</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ICF_coach" title="ICF coach">ICF coach</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constructed</th><td class="infobox-data">1998–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Entered service</th><td class="infobox-data">2000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vande_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Vande Bharat (trainset)">VBE trainsets</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operators</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways">Indian Railways</a> <br /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bangladesh_Railway" title="Bangladesh Railway">Bangladesh Railway</a> <br /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mozambique_Ports_and_Railways" title="Mozambique Ports and Railways">Mozambique Ports and Railways</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color:; background-color:;">Specifications</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Car body construction</th><td class="infobox-data">Spotwelded <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stainless_Steel" class="mw-redirect" title="Stainless Steel">Stainless Steel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Car length</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>23.54 m (77 ft <span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> in) (body) <br />
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">24 m (78 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) (coupler-coupler)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Width</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">3.24 m (10 ft <span class="frac">7<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in) <br />
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">3.05 m (10 ft <span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bilevel_rail_car" title="Bilevel rail car">Double decker</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">4.039 m (13 ft 3 in) <br />
<p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">4.25 m (13 ft <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) (AC 3 Tier & <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vistadome" class="mw-redirect" title="Vistadome">Vistadome</a>) <br />
</p>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">4.366 m (14 ft <span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">7</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bilevel_rail_car" title="Bilevel rail car">Double decker</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Floor height</th><td class="infobox-data">1,320 mm (4 ft 4 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_platform_height" title="Railway platform height">Platform height</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">840 mm (2 ft <span class="frac">9<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Doors</th><td class="infobox-data">Manual/ Automatic Pivot Hinge Doors <br />
Automatic Sliding Single Leaf Plug Doors (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tejas_Express" title="Tejas Express">Tejas Express</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Wheel diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">855–915 mm (33.66–36.02 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wheelbase#Rail" title="Wheelbase">Wheelbase</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027">14.9 m (48 ft <span class="frac">10<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in) bogie centres</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Maximum speed</th><td class="infobox-data">130 km/h (81 mph) (Non-AC coach)<br />160 km/h (99 mph) (AC coach)<br />200 km/h (124 mph) (potential max speed)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weight</th><td class="infobox-data">39.5 t (38.9 long tons; 43.5 short tons) (average)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Heating,_ventilation,_and_air_conditioning" title="Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning">HVAC</a></th><td class="infobox-data">89,999 kJ (85,303 BTU) x 2 RMPUs <br />
129,600 kJ (122,837 BTU) x 2 RMPUs (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bilevel_rail_car" title="Bilevel rail car">Double decker</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/AAR_wheel_arrangement" title="AAR wheel arrangement">AAR wheel arrangement</a></th><td class="infobox-data">2'2'</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bogie" title="Bogie">Bogies</a></th><td class="infobox-data">FIAT <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bogie" title="Bogie">Bogies</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Minimum_railway_curve_radius" title="Minimum railway curve radius">Minimum turning radius</a></th><td class="infobox-data">175 m (574 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_brake" title="Railway brake">Braking system(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_air_brake" title="Railway air brake">Railway air brake</a> <br />
<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electro-pneumatic_brake" class="mw-redirect" title="Electro-pneumatic brake">Electro-pneumatic brake</a> (Only in 200 km/h (120 mph) fit <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tejas_Express" title="Tejas Express">Tejas Express</a> coach) <br /> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wheelset_(rail_transport)" title="Wheelset (rail transport)">Axle mounted</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_disc_brake" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway disc brake">Railway disc brake</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_coupling" title="Railway coupling">Coupling system</a></th><td class="infobox-data">AAR Type-H <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tightlock_coupling" title="Tightlock coupling">Tightlock coupling</a> <br />
Semi-Permanent Coupler (Only in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amrit_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Amrit Bharat (trainset)">Amrit Bharat trainsets</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Track gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/5_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="5 ft 6 in gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">1,676 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">5 ft 6 in</span>) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broad_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad gauge">Broad gauge</a><br /><a href="/enwiki/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"><span class="nowrap">1,067 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">3 ft 6 in</span>) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/3_ft_6_in_gauge_railways" title="3 ft 6 in gauge railways"> Cape gauge</a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p><b>Linke-Hofmann-Busch</b> (<b>LHB</b>) <b>coach</b> is a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Passenger_coach" class="mw-redirect" title="Passenger coach">passenger coach</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways">Indian Railways</a> that is developed by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Linke-Hofmann-Busch" class="mw-redirect" title="Linke-Hofmann-Busch">Linke-Hofmann-Busch</a> of Germany<sup id="cite_ref-toi1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toi1-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-alstom_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alstom-2">[2]</a></sup> and produced by rail coach manufacturing units at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Coach_Factory,_Kapurthala" title="Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala">Kapurthala</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Chennai</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Modern_Coach_Factory,_Raebareli" title="Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli">Raebareli</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-thehindu1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thehindu1-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> They have been used since 2000 on the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/5_ft_6_in_gauge_railway" title="5 ft 6 in gauge railway"><span class="nowrap">1,676 mm</span></a> (<span class="nowrap">5 ft 6 in</span>) <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broad_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad gauge">broad gauge</a><sup id="cite_ref-adams_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adams-5">[5]</a></sup> network of Indian railways. Initially, 24 air-conditioned coaches were imported from Germany for use in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shatabdi_Express" title="Shatabdi Express">Shatabdi Expresses</a>, following which, the Rail Coach Factory started manufacturing after technology transfer.<sup id="cite_ref-ie2000_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ie2000-6">[6]</a></sup> IR declared that all ICF coaches will be replaced by LHB coaches to provide more safety and comfort. The last ICF Coach was flagged off on 19 January 2018, making way for LHB Coaches to be used for all new coaches to be introduced by Indian Railways in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup>
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Technical"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Technical</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Production"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Production</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Types"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Types</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Anubhuti"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Anubhuti</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Hybrid_LHB_Coaches"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Hybrid LHB Coaches</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Vistadome_Coaches"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Vistadome Coaches</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#3_AC_Economy_Coaches"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">3 AC Economy Coaches</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Exports"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Exports</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Bangladesh"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Bangladesh</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Mozambique"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Mozambique</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: History"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>During 1993–94, Indian Railways decided to look for a passenger coach design which would be lighter and capable of higher speeds compared to their existing <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trainset" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainset">rakes</a>. The main features of the Railways' specification were high speed light weight coaches to run on the present infrastructure of the Indian Railways, i.e. the railway, track and environmental conditions in India at an operating speed of 160 kilometres per hour (99 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-adams_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adams-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thbl1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl1-8">[8]</a></sup> It was decided by the Railways that the design would first be tried in the Rail Coach Factory in Kapurthala (RCF), and upon successful completion of this trial, it would be tried in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Integral Coach Factory</a> in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Perambur" title="Perambur">Perambur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ie2000_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ie2000-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p>In 1995, after a global selection process, Alstom-LHB received the order from Indian Railways to design and develop a new passenger coach under a transfer of technology agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-thbl1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl1-8">[8]</a></sup> As part of the order, Alstom-LHB had to execute two contracts, one for the supply of "Light Weight High Speed Coaches for Broad Gauge"<sup id="cite_ref-adams_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adams-5">[5]</a></sup> which includes the development, design and manufacture of 19 AC 2nd class chair cars, 2 AC executive class chair cars and 3 generator-cum-brake vans<sup id="cite_ref-irfca_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-irfca-9">[9]</a></sup> and the other contract for the "<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Technology_Transfer" class="mw-redirect" title="Technology Transfer">Technology Transfer</a>" which includes the transfer of technology for design and manufacturing, the training of Indian Railways personnel in the premises of the manufacturer and the technical assistance at RCF during the start of production.<sup id="cite_ref-ie2000_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ie2000-6">[6]</a></sup>
</p><p>Out of the 24 coaches imported from Germany, all of them mostly being air-conditioned chair cars,<sup id="cite_ref-railwayspdf_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-railwayspdf-10">[10]</a></sup> the first lot were used for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lucknow_Shatabdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucknow Shatabdi">New Delhi-Lucknow Shatabdi Express</a> on a trial basis. It didn't turn out be successful as the coaches' wide windows were targets of mischief and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Stone_pelting_in_India#Trains" title="Stone pelting in India">stone-pelting</a>. Railways had to use sealing tapes to tape up the bruised windows.<sup id="cite_ref-thbl1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl1-8">[8]</a></sup> When these rakes were brought into service, couplers came unstuck and the data collected from the passenger feedback showed that the air conditioning was not "very effective". They were withdrawn from service and after attending to the problems, Railways reintroduced them on the New Delhi-Lucknow Shatabdi Express and proved successful.<sup id="cite_ref-thbl1_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl1-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thehindu2001_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thehindu2001-11">[11]</a></sup>
</p><p>The RCF began to manufacture other variants of LHB design like the air-conditioned first class, AC 2 tier sleeper, AC 3 tier sleeper, hot buffet (pantry) car etc., from 2001 to 2002, and rolled out its first rake in December 2002. The first such
rake was introduced for Mumbai–New Delhi Rajdhani Express in December 2003.<sup id="cite_ref-railwayspdf_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-railwayspdf-10">[10]</a></sup> Up to November 2023, over 31,000 LHB coaches have been produced by the RCF, ICF, and MCF.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12">[12]</a></sup> These coaches are being used in various trains across the country and have been offering better passenger comfort.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways">Indian Railways</a> plans to convert all trains to LHB or <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vande_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Vande Bharat (trainset)">Vande Bharat</a> type coaches by 2030.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Technical">Technical</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Technical"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<p>The coaches are designed for an operating speed up to 160 km/h (99 mph) and could go up to 200 km/h (124 mph).<sup id="cite_ref-toi2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toi2-15">[15]</a></sup> They have been tested up to 180 km/h (112 mph). Their length of 23.54 m (77.2 ft) and a width of 3.24 m (10.6 ft) means a higher passenger capacity, compared to conventional <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Trainset" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainset">rakes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-telegraph_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-telegraph-16">[16]</a></sup> The tare weight of the AC chair car was weighed as 39.5 tonnes (38.9 long tons; 43.5 short tons).<sup id="cite_ref-scribd_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scribd-17">[17]</a></sup> They are considered to be <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Telescoping_(rail_cars)" title="Telescoping (rail cars)">anti-telescopic</a>, which means they do not get smashed through a second coach or flip in case of a collision (chiefly head-on). These coaches are made of stainless steel and the interiors are made of aluminium which make them lighter as compared to conventional rakes.<sup id="cite_ref-thbl1_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl1-8">[8]</a></sup> Each coach also has an "advanced pneumatic disc brake system" for efficient braking at higher speeds, "modular interiors" that integrate lighting into ceiling and luggage racks with wider windows.<sup id="cite_ref-toi062009_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toi062009-18">[18]</a></sup> The improved suspension system of LHB coaches ensures more riding comfort for the passengers compared to conventional rakes. The air conditioning system of the LHB coaches is of higher capacity compared to the older rakes and is electronically controlled which is said to give passengers better comfort than the older coaches during summer and winter seasons. They are relatively quieter as each coach produces a maximum noise level of 60 decibels while conventional coaches can produce 100 decibels.
</p><p>Each LHB coach costs between <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">₹</a></span>15 million</span> (US$180,000) to <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_rupee" title="Indian rupee">₹</a></span>20 million</span> (US$240,000), whereas the power car which houses a generator costs about <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>30 million</span> (US$360,000).<sup id="cite_ref-toi2_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toi2-15">[15]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thehindu2_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thehindu2-19">[19]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Production">Production</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Production"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<ul><li>Since 2001 onwards until November 2023, over 31,000 LHB coaches were made by various Indian railway coach factories.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12">[12]</a></sup></li></ul>
<ul><li>During the 2008–09 Railway Financial Budget session, it was announced that after 2010 only stainless steel coaches will be manufactured.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup></li></ul>
<ul><li>In 2009–10, 169 LHB coaches produced by Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala, Indian Railway. In 2010–11, 316 LHB coaches produced by Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala, Indian railways.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup> In 2011–12, 260 LHB coaches manufactured by RCF<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup> In 2012–13, 470 LHB coaches produced by Rail Coach Factory (RCF), Kapurthala.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup></li></ul>
<ul><li>In 2011, the Ministry of Indian Railways had approved the construction of a 300 LHB coaches per annum facility at ICF at a cost of <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>2.52 billion</span> (equivalent to <span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>5.2 billion or US$62 million in 2023). The foundation stone was laid in April 2012. It was inaugurated in July 2015 by Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu through video conferencing.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup></li></ul>
<p>During 2013–14, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Integral Coach Factory</a> produced 25 LHB coaches.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup> It planned to increase its manufacturing capacity of LHB coaches. It set a target to manufacture 300 LHB coaches in 2014–15 and reach a capacity of 1000 LHB coaches by 2016–17.<sup id="cite_ref-railjournal.com_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-railjournal.com-27">[27]</a></sup>
</p>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Modern_Coach_Factory,_Raebareli" title="Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli">Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli</a> produced 711 coaches during 2017–18 and planned to produce 1400 coaches in 2018–19.</li></ul>
<p>In FY2022–23, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways">Indian Railways</a> manufactured 4,175 LHB coaches. Of these, 1221 coaches were produced at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Coach_Factory,_Kapurthala" title="Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala">Rail Coach Factory (RCF)</a>, 1891 at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Integral Coach Factory (ICF)</a> and 1063 at <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Modern_Coach_Factory,_Raebareli" title="Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli">Modern Coach Factory (MCF)</a>. LHB coach production increased by 45 percent in the previous financial year. In FY 2018–19, it manufactured 4429 coaches, 6277 coaches in FY 2019–20, 4323 coaches in FY 2020–21, and 6291 coaches in FY 2021–22.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12">[12]</a></sup>
</p><p><b>The overall production figure of coaches covering all factories is as follows:</b>
</p>
<table class="wikitable">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Year<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rlwy_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rlwy-29">[29]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LHB_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LHB-30">[30]</a></sup>
</th>
<th>LHB
</th>
<th>ICF
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>2013–14
</td>
<td>544
</td>
<td>3303
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2014–15
</td>
<td>555
</td>
<td>3324
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2015–16
</td>
<td>1041
</td>
<td>3893
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2016–17
</td>
<td>1547
</td>
<td>4342
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2017–18
</td>
<td>2160
</td>
<td>4465
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2018–19
</td>
<td>4429
</td>
<td>–
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2019–20
</td>
<td>6277
</td>
<td>–
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2019–20
</td>
<td>4323
</td>
<td>–
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2020–21
</td>
<td>6291
</td>
<td>–
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2021–22 (till 2023-01-31)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-12">[12]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>4175
</td>
<td>–
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Types">Types</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Types"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:LHB_Coach_of_12017_New_Delhi_Dehradun_Shatabdi_Express.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/LHB_Coach_of_12017_New_Delhi_Dehradun_Shatabdi_Express.JPG/220px-LHB_Coach_of_12017_New_Delhi_Dehradun_Shatabdi_Express.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/LHB_Coach_of_12017_New_Delhi_Dehradun_Shatabdi_Express.JPG/330px-LHB_Coach_of_12017_New_Delhi_Dehradun_Shatabdi_Express.JPG 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/LHB_Coach_of_12017_New_Delhi_Dehradun_Shatabdi_Express.JPG/440px-LHB_Coach_of_12017_New_Delhi_Dehradun_Shatabdi_Express.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3920" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>LHB CC coach of New Delhi-Dehradun Shatabdi</figcaption></figure>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:LHB_AC_3_tier_coach_of_Golden_Temple_Mail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/LHB_AC_3_tier_coach_of_Golden_Temple_Mail.jpg/220px-LHB_AC_3_tier_coach_of_Golden_Temple_Mail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/LHB_AC_3_tier_coach_of_Golden_Temple_Mail.jpg/330px-LHB_AC_3_tier_coach_of_Golden_Temple_Mail.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/LHB_AC_3_tier_coach_of_Golden_Temple_Mail.jpg/440px-LHB_AC_3_tier_coach_of_Golden_Temple_Mail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>LHB 3A coach of Golden Temple Mail</figcaption></figure>
<table class="wikitable">
<tbody><tr>
<th>Coach Type
</th>
<th>Class
</th>
<th>Sleeping
<p>Capacity
</p>
</th>
<th>Sitting
<p>Capacity
</p>
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWFAC<sup id="cite_ref-thbl_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl-31">[31]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>1A
</td>
<td>24
</td>
<td>24
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWACCW<sup id="cite_ref-thbl_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl-31">[31]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>2A
</td>
<td>52
</td>
<td>52
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWFCWAC<sup id="cite_ref-thbl2_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl2-32">[32]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>1A/2A
</td>
<td>10+28
</td>
<td>10+28
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWACCN<sup id="cite_ref-thbl_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl-31">[31]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>3A
</td>
<td>72
</td>
<td>72
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWACCNE
</td>
<td>3E
</td>
<td>83
</td>
<td>83
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWSCN/LSCN
</td>
<td>SL
</td>
<td>80
</td>
<td>80
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWFCZAC<sup id="cite_ref-thbl_31-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl-31">[31]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>EC
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>56
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWSCZAC<sup id="cite_ref-thbl_31-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl-31">[31]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>CC
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>78
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWSCZDAC<sup id="cite_ref-thbl_31-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thbl-31">[31]</a></sup>
</td>
<td>Double decker CC
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>120
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWCZDACP
</td>
<td>Double Decker CC + parcel van
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>?
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWSACAA
</td>
<td>AC 2S
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>?
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWSCZ
</td>
<td>2S
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>102
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWS/LS
</td>
<td>UR/GEN
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>100
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWCBAC
</td>
<td>PC
</td>
<td>15
</td>
<td>15
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LSLRD
</td>
<td>UR/GEN
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>37–46
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LDSLR
</td>
<td>UR/GEN
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>36
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>LWLRRM
</td>
<td>EOG
</td>
<td>–
</td>
<td>–
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Anubhuti">Anubhuti</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Anubhuti"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Anubhuti_Coach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Anubhuti_Coach.jpg/220px-Anubhuti_Coach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Anubhuti_Coach.jpg/330px-Anubhuti_Coach.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Anubhuti_Coach.jpg/440px-Anubhuti_Coach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>A LHB Anubhuti coach</figcaption></figure>
<p>Anubhuti coach (EA) is a luxury LHB coach.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></sup> These coaches will progressively be introduced on the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shatabdi_Express" title="Shatabdi Express">Shatabdi</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rajdhani_Express" title="Rajdhani Express">Rajdhani Express</a> trains.<sup id="cite_ref-toi_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toi-34">[34]</a></sup>
</p><p>It is a <a href="/enwiki/wiki/State_of_the_art" title="State of the art">state of the art</a> LHB coache with a 56 seating capacity,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></sup> featuring <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ergonomical" class="mw-redirect" title="Ergonomical">ergonomically</a> designed cushioned seats, LCD screens, modular toilets and stylish interiors, announced in the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_Budget" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway Budget">Railway Budget</a> of 2014, are to be produced at the Raebareli coach factory. They are fitted with automatic doors, the interiors and lighting arrangements will be aesthetically designed to enhance the ambience.
</p><p>It is estimated to cost <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>28 million</span> (US$340,000) to manufacture an Anubhuti coach at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Modern_Coach_Factory,_Raebareli" title="Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli">Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-toi_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toi-34">[34]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Hybrid_LHB_Coaches">Hybrid LHB Coaches</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Hybrid LHB Coaches"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1097763485">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:EditPage/LHB_coach" title="Special:EditPage/LHB coach">improve this article</a> by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg/220px-Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg/330px-Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg/440px-Hybrid_LHB_coaches_in_Duronto_livery..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="596" /></a><figcaption>Hybrid LHB coaches in Duronto livery.</figcaption></figure>
<p>Hybrid LHB coaches were a type of passenger coach used by Indian Railways. They had a Linke-Hofmann-Busch (LHB) shell fitted over Integral Coach Factory (ICF) bogies and have a maximum speed of 120 km/h (75 mph). They were technologically superior and provided better travelling experience and safety than conventional ICF type coaches. However these coaches are no longer in service. <sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></sup>
</p><p><br />
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Vistadome_Coaches">Vistadome Coaches</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Vistadome Coaches"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp/220px-Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp/330px-Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp/440px-Vistadome_coach_of_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express_2.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1440" /></a><figcaption>Vistadome coach of Asansol-Hatia Express.</figcaption></figure>
<p>Indian Railway has launched Vistadome trains to boost tourism by rail, linking various tourist spots nationwide. These trains offer modern amenities designed to enhance passengers’ comfort and convenience. They have wide windowpanes and roof switchable glass that become transparent or translucent with the press of a button. It also has rotatable seats and a GPS based info systems. They also have an observation area. However most of the times the vistadome coach is attached in the front of the train, rendering the observation area useless. Also, due to high ticket prices, they mostly go pretty empty.
</p>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg/220px-Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg/330px-Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg/440px-Observation_area_of_Vistadome_Coach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption>Observation area of Vistadome coaches, here the locomotive at the front blocks the view.</figcaption></figure>
<p><br />
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="3_AC_Economy_Coaches">3 AC Economy Coaches</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: 3 AC Economy Coaches"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg/220px-3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg/330px-3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg/440px-3rd_AC_Economy_coaches.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>3rd AC Economy coaches.</figcaption></figure>
<p>The AC 3-Tier coaches are very popular among passengers for their price and comfort. Recognizing this popularity, the railways introduced 3 AC Economy coaches. These coaches have improved berth designs, individual AC vents and reading lights and improved washrooms. They can seat 83 passengers as compared to the AC 3 Tier's 72. However the leg room and seat cushioning was reduced.
</p>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg/220px-Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg/330px-Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg/440px-Interior_of_a_3rd_AC_Economy_coach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="801" /></a><figcaption>Interior of 3rd AC Ecnomy coach</figcaption></figure>
<p>Initially, it was announced that the fare of these coaches will be 50% of AC 3 Tier fares. However when these coaches were pushed into commercial service, the fare was only ₹50-₹70 less that AC 3 Tier fare. Indian Railways increased the number of these coaches in long distance trains recklessly while significantly reducing the number of sleeper and unreserved coaches, leading to intense overcrowding in these coaches (<i>people were seen sleeping on the floor</i>). Meanwhile the 3 AC Economy coaches went largely empty. This sparked public outrage and finally, Indian Railways decided to reverse the desicion. Now the coach composition of trains is undergoing change and sleeper and general coaches are being increased. 3 AC Economy coaches are now being used to replace the old ICF rakes of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Garib_Rath_Express" title="Garib Rath Express">Garib Rath Express</a>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Exports">Exports</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Exports"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Bangladesh"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Bangladesh">Rail transport in Bangladesh</a></div>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:Rajshahi_Railway_Station_7.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Rajshahi_Railway_Station_7.jpg/220px-Rajshahi_Railway_Station_7.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Rajshahi_Railway_Station_7.jpg/330px-Rajshahi_Railway_Station_7.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Rajshahi_Railway_Station_7.jpg/440px-Rajshahi_Railway_Station_7.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1472" /></a><figcaption>LHB Coach of Bangladesh Railway</figcaption></figure>
<p><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Coach_Factory,_Kapurthala" title="Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala">Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala</a> received an export order from Bangladesh for the manufacture of 120 LHB coaches. This export order consists of supply and commissioning of 120 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Broad_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad gauge">broad gauge</a> LHB coaches that includes following variants:
</p>
<table class="wikitable">
<tbody><tr>
<th>No.</th>
<th>Coach Type</th>
<th>Quantity
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>AC first class sleeper</td>
<td>17
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>AC chair car</td>
<td>17
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>Non-AC chair car (with pantry)</td>
<td>34
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>Non-AC chair car (with prayer room)</td>
<td>33
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>Power car (generator)</td>
<td>19
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>This was the first and biggest-ever consignment of LHB coaches exported by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways">Indian Railways</a>. The contract agreement between <a href="/enwiki/wiki/RITES" class="mw-redirect" title="RITES">RITES</a> & <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bangladesh_Railway" title="Bangladesh Railway">Bangladesh Railway</a> was executed on 21 January 2015, and subsequently between <a href="/enwiki/wiki/RITES" class="mw-redirect" title="RITES">RITES</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Coach_Factory,_Kapurthala" title="Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala">Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala</a> on 30 September 2015 for supply of these coaches. These coaches were customized as per the Bangladesh Railway's requirement.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></sup> Another order for 200 more coaches was on 20 May 2024. 104 of these coaches will be air-conditioned, and 96 will be non-AC. These coaches will be manufactured at the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Coach_Factory,_Kapurthala" title="Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala">Rail Coach Factory</a> (RCF) in <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kapurthala" title="Kapurthala">Kapurthala</a>. The contract includes a supply and commissioning period of 36 months, followed by a 24-month warranty period.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Mozambique">Mozambique</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Mozambique"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h3>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Mozambique" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail transport in Mozambique">Rail transport in Mozambique</a></div>
<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:MCF_Raebareli_Export.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/MCF_Raebareli_Export.jpg/220px-MCF_Raebareli_Export.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/MCF_Raebareli_Export.jpg/330px-MCF_Raebareli_Export.jpg 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/MCF_Raebareli_Export.jpg/440px-MCF_Raebareli_Export.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="672" /></a><figcaption>LHB Coaches for Mozambique ready to be rolled out</figcaption></figure>
<p>Parameters of Cape Gauge LHB Coach:
</p>
<table class="wikitable">
<tbody><tr>
<td>Maximum length of coach</td>
<td>20,300 mm (800 in)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Maximum width of coach</td>
<td>2,950 mm (116 in)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Height of coach from rail level</td>
<td>3,955 mm (155.7 in)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Height of compartment floor from rail level</td>
<td>1,155 mm (45.5 in)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Coach height from sole bar bottom</td>
<td>3,022 mm (119.0 in)
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>In June 2019, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mozambique_Ports_and_Railways" title="Mozambique Ports and Railways">Mozambique Ports and Railways</a> Authority signed an <a href="/enwiki/wiki/MoU" class="mw-redirect" title="MoU">MoU</a> with Indian railway's <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_India_Technical_and_Economic_Service" title="Rail India Technical and Economic Service">RITES</a> to procure 90 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Cape_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape gauge">Cape gauge</a> coaches, including 60 loco-hauled designed on LHB coaches platform and 30 <a href="/enwiki/wiki/DEMU" class="mw-redirect" title="DEMU">DEMU</a> coaches designed and developed by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Integral Coach Factory, Chennai</a> and <a href="/enwiki/wiki/RDSO" class="mw-redirect" title="RDSO">RDSO, Lucknow</a>. The 60 locomotive hauled coaches consists of following variants:
</p>
<table class="wikitable">
<tbody><tr>
<th>No.</th>
<th>Coach Type</th>
<th>Quantity
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>1</td>
<td>1st class AC 2-Tier</td>
<td>6
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>2</td>
<td>2nd class AC 3-Tier</td>
<td>12
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>3</td>
<td>Non-AC 3rd class (GS)</td>
<td>20
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>4</td>
<td>2nd class AC chair</td>
<td>10+10
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>5</td>
<td>AC restaurant car</td>
<td>4
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>6</td>
<td>Generator car</td>
<td>4+3
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>7</td>
<td>Luggage van</td>
<td>4
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>This was <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Modern_Coach_Factory,_Raebareli" title="Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli">Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli</a>'s first export consignment after its commissioning almost 8 years ago. These coaches were designed by <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Research_Design_and_Standards_Organisation" title="Research Design and Standards Organisation">RDSO, Lucknow</a> and developed by Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></sup>
</p><p>On 16 December 2022, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(India)" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">MoR</a> informed through Facebook post that it had received a repeat order for 10 more 2nd Class AC Chair locomotive hauled coaches from CFM Mozambique.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=LHB_coach&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1217336898">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist">
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<li id="cite_note-thehindu2001-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-thehindu2001_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130615215626/http://www.hindu.com/2001/11/12/stories/0212000k.htm">"Imported coaches ready to hit the tracks"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>. 12 November 2001. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindu.com/2001/11/12/stories/0212000k.htm">the original</a> on 15 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Imported+coaches+ready+to+hit+the+tracks&rft.date=2001-11-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindu.com%2F2001%2F11%2F12%2Fstories%2F0212000k.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALHB+coach" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-LHB-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LHB_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1887033">"Yearwise Coaches production by Indian Rlys"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Govt_data&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Govt data (page does not exist)">Govt data</a></i>. 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Govt+data&rft.atitle=Yearwise+Coaches+production+by+Indian+Rlys&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpib.gov.in%2FPressReleasePage.aspx%3FPRID%3D1887033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALHB+coach" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/transportation/railways/railways-to-export-120-lhb-coaches-to-bangladesh-first-consignment-of-40-to-be-dispatched-in-march/articleshow/50927771.cms?from=mdr">"Railways to export 120 LHB coaches to Bangladesh, first consignment of 40 to be dispatched in March"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Railways+to+export+120+LHB+coaches+to+Bangladesh%2C+first+consignment+of+40+to+be+dispatched+in+March&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Findustry%2Ftransportation%2Frailways%2Frailways-to-export-120-lhb-coaches-to-bangladesh-first-consignment-of-40-to-be-dispatched-in-march%2Farticleshow%2F50927771.cms%3Ffrom%3Dmdr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALHB+coach" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/indian-railways-rites-to-supply-200-passenger-coaches-to-bangladesh-railways/amp_articleshow/110276935.cms">"Indian Railways' RITES to supply 200 passenger coaches to Bangladesh Railways"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0971-8257">0971-8257</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Indian+Railways%27+RITES+to+supply+200+passenger+coaches+to+Bangladesh+Railways&rft.issn=0971-8257&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Findia-business%2Findian-railways-rites-to-supply-200-passenger-coaches-to-bangladesh-railways%2Famp_articleshow%2F110276935.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALHB+coach" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/lucknow/coaches-from-rae-bareli-factory-set-to-roll-into-mozambique/articleshow/86439778.cms">"Coaches from Rae Bareli factory set to roll into Mozambique | Lucknow News"</a>. <i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. 23 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Coaches+from+Rae+Bareli+factory+set+to+roll+into+Mozambique+%26%23124%3B+Lucknow+News&rft.date=2021-09-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Flucknow%2Fcoaches-from-rae-bareli-factory-set-to-roll-into-mozambique%2Farticleshow%2F86439778.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALHB+coach" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1215172403"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.financialexpress.com/photos/business-gallery/2918163/india-making-for-world-modern-coach-factory-receives-order-for-ac-coaches-from-mozambique-photos/">"India Making for World! Modern Coach Factory receives order for AC coaches from Mozambique-PHOTOS"</a>. <i>FinancialExpress.com</i>. 17 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FinancialExpress.com&rft.atitle=India+Making+for+World%21+Modern+Coach+Factory+receives+order+for+AC+coaches+from+Mozambique-PHOTOS&rft.date=2022-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.financialexpress.com%2Fphotos%2Fbusiness-gallery%2F2918163%2Findia-making-for-world-modern-coach-factory-receives-order-for-ac-coaches-from-mozambique-photos%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALHB+coach" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways" title="Indian Railways">Indian Railways</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways_organisational_structure" title="Indian Railways organisational structure">Authority</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ministry_of_Railways_(India)" title="Ministry of Railways (India)">Ministry of Railways</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Bhavan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail Bhavan">Rail Bhavan</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chairperson_of_the_Railway_Board" title="Chairperson of the Railway Board">Railway Board</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related <br />organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_Organisation_for_Modernisation_of_Workshops" title="Central Organisation for Modernisation of Workshops">Central Organisation for Modernisation of Workshops</a> (COFMOW)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_Organisation_for_Railway_Electrification" title="Central Organisation for Railway Electrification">Central Organisation for Railway Electrification</a> (CORE)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Centre_for_Railway_Information_Systems" title="Centre for Railway Information Systems">Centre for Railway Information Systems</a> (CRIS)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Commission_of_Railway_Safety" title="Commission of Railway Safety">Commission of Railway Safety</a> (CRS)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Container_Corporation_of_India" title="Container Corporation of India">Container Corporation of India</a> (CCI)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dedicated_Freight_Corridor_Corporation_of_India" title="Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India">Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India</a> (DFCCIL)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/High_Speed_Rail_Corporation_of_India_Limited" title="High Speed Rail Corporation of India Limited">High Speed Rail Corporation of India Limited</a> (HSRI)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railway_Catering_and_Tourism_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation">Indian Railway Catering and Tourism Corporation</a> (IRCTC)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railway_Finance_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Finance Corporation">Indian Railway Finance Corporation</a> (IRFC)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railway_Stations_Development_Corporation" title="Indian Railway Stations Development Corporation">Indian Railway Stations Development Corporation</a> (IRSDC)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ircon_International" title="Ircon International">Ircon International</a> (IRCON)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Konkan_Railway_Corporation" title="Konkan Railway Corporation">Konkan Railway Corporation</a> (KRC)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mumbai_Railway_Vikas_Corporation" title="Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation">Mumbai Railway Vikas Corporation</a> (MRVC)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_High_Speed_Rail_Corporation_Limited" title="National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited">National High Speed Rail Corporation Limited</a> (NHSRCL)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Passenger_Amenities_Committee" title="Passenger Amenities Committee">Passenger Amenities Committee</a> (PAC)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_India_Technical_and_Economic_Service" title="Rail India Technical and Economic Service">Rail India Technical and Economic Service</a> (RITES)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Land_Development_Authority" title="Rail Land Development Authority">Rail Land Development Authority</a> (RLDA)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Vikas_Nigam" title="Rail Vikas Nigam">Rail Vikas Nigam</a> (RVNL)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/RailTel" title="RailTel">RailTel</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_Protection_Force" title="Railway Protection Force">Railway Protection Force</a> (RPF)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_Recruitment_Control_Board" title="Railway Recruitment Control Board">Railway Recruitment Control Board</a> (RRCB)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railways_Sports_Promotion_Board" title="Railways Sports Promotion Board">Railways Sports Promotion Board</a> (RSPB)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Research_Design_and_Standards_Organisation" title="Research Design and Standards Organisation">Research Design and Standards Organisation</a> (RDSO)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Zones_and_divisions_of_Indian_Railways" class="mw-redirect" title="Zones and divisions of Indian Railways">Zones</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_Railway_zone" title="Central Railway zone">Central</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/East_Central_Railway_zone" title="East Central Railway zone">East Central</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/East_Coast_Railway_zone" title="East Coast Railway zone">East Coast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Eastern_Railway_zone" title="Eastern Railway zone">Eastern</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Metro_Railway,_Kolkata" title="Metro Railway, Kolkata">Kolkata Metro</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Central_Railway_zone" title="North Central Railway zone">North Central</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Eastern_Railway_zone" title="North Eastern Railway zone">North Eastern</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Western_Railway_zone" title="North Western Railway zone">North Western</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Northeast_Frontier_Railway_zone" title="Northeast Frontier Railway zone">Northeast Frontier</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Northern_Railway_zone" title="Northern Railway zone">Northern</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Central_Railway_zone" title="South Central Railway zone">South Central</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Coast_Railway_zone" title="South Coast Railway zone">South Coast</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_East_Central_Railway_zone" title="South East Central Railway zone">South East Central</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Eastern_Railway_zone" title="South Eastern Railway zone">South Eastern</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/South_Western_Railway_zone" title="South Western Railway zone">South Western</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Southern_Railway_zone" title="Southern Railway zone">Southern</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/West_Central_Railway_zone" title="West Central Railway zone">West Central</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Western_Railway_zone" title="Western Railway zone">Western</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Rolling_stock_of_India" title="Category:Rolling stock of India">Rolling stock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways_coaching_stock" title="Indian Railways coaching stock">Coaching Stock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/ICF_coach" title="ICF coach">ICF coach</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">LHB coach</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tejas-Rajdhani_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Tejas-Rajdhani Express">Tejas coach</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trainsets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amrit_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Amrit Bharat (trainset)">Amrit Bharat</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Multiple_units_of_India" title="Multiple units of India">Multiple units</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/E5_and_H5_Series_Shinkansen#Export_to_India" title="E5 and H5 Series Shinkansen">Shinkansen</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vande_Bharat_(trainset)" title="Vande Bharat (trainset)">Vande Bharat</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vande_Bharat_(sleeper_trainset)" title="Vande Bharat (sleeper trainset)">Vande Bharat Sleeper</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Locomotives_of_India" title="Locomotives of India">Locomotives</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wagon_numbering_system_in_India" title="Wagon numbering system in India">Wagon Numbering</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Rolling_stock_manufacturers_of_India" title="Category:Rolling stock manufacturers of India">Manufacturing<br />units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Banaras_Locomotive_Works" title="Banaras Locomotive Works">Banaras Locomotive Works</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/BEML_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="BEML Limited">BEML Limited</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bharat_Heavy_Electricals_Limited" title="Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited">Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bharat_Wagon_and_Engineering" title="Bharat Wagon and Engineering">Bharat Wagon and Engineering</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Braithwaite_%26_Co." title="Braithwaite & Co.">Braithwaite & Co.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Burn_Standard_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Burn Standard Company">Burn Standard Company</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chittaranjan_Locomotive_Works" title="Chittaranjan Locomotive Works">Chittaranjan Locomotive Works</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Locomotive_Factory,_Marhowrah" title="Diesel Locomotive Factory, Marhowrah">Diesel Locomotive Factory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Locomotive_Factory,_Madhepura" title="Electric Locomotive Factory, Madhepura">Electric Locomotive Factory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Integral_Coach_Factory" title="Integral Coach Factory">Integral Coach Factory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Latur_railway_station#Marathwada_Railway_Coach_Factory" title="Latur railway station">Marathwada Rail Coach Factory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Modern_Coach_Factory,_Raebareli" title="Modern Coach Factory, Raebareli">Modern Coach Factory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Patiala_Locomotive_Works" title="Patiala Locomotive Works">Patiala Locomotive Works</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Coach_Factory,_Kapurthala" title="Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala">Rail Coach Factory (Kapurthala)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sonipat#Industrial_estates" title="Sonipat">Rail Coach Factory (Sonipat)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Wheel_Factory" title="Rail Wheel Factory">Rail Wheel Factory</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_Wheel_Plant,_Bela" title="Rail Wheel Plant, Bela">Rail Wheel Plant</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Titagarh_Wagons" class="mw-redirect" title="Titagarh Wagons">Titagarh Wagons</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Railway_depots_in_India" title="Category:Railway depots in India">Railway<br />depots</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_locomotive" title="Diesel locomotive">Diesel Loco</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Abu_Road" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Abu Road">Abu Road</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Alambagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Alambagh (page does not exist)">Alambagh</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Andal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Andal (page does not exist)">Andal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bandra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bandra (page does not exist)">Bandra</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bardhaman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bardhaman (page does not exist)">Bardhaman</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bhagat_Ki_Kothi" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bhagat Ki Kothi">Bhagat Ki Kothi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bokaro_Steel_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bokaro Steel City (page does not exist)">Bokaro Steel City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Bondamunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Bondamunda (page does not exist)">Bondamunda</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Coonoor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Coonoor (page does not exist)">Coonoor</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Ernakulam" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Ernakulam">Ernakulam</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Erode" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Erode">Erode</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Gandhidham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Gandhidham (page does not exist)">Gandhidham</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Golden_Rock" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Golden Rock">Golden Rock</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Gonda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Gonda (page does not exist)">Gonda</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Gooty" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Gooty">Gooty</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Guntakal" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Guntakal">Guntakal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Howrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Howrah (page does not exist)">Howrah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Hubli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Hubli (page does not exist)">Hubli</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Itarsi" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Itarsi">Itarsi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Izzatnagar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Izzatnagar (page does not exist)">Izzatnagar</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Jamalpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Jamalpur (page does not exist)">Jamalpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Jhansi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Jhansi (page does not exist)">Jhansi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kalka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kalka (page does not exist)">Kalka</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kalyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kalyan">Kalyan</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kazipet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kazipet (page does not exist)">Kazipet</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kharagpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kharagpur (page does not exist)">Kharagpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Krishnarajapuram" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Krishnarajapuram">Krishnarajapuram </a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Kurla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Kurla (page does not exist)">Kurla</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Ludhiana" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Ludhiana">Ludhiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Lumding&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Lumding (page does not exist)">Lumding</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Malda_Town&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Malda Town (page does not exist)">Malda Town</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Maula_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Maula Ali (page does not exist)">Maula Ali</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Mhow" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Mhow">Mhow</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Motibagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Motibagh (page does not exist)">Motibagh</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Mughalsarai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Mughalsarai (page does not exist)">Mughalsarai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_New_Guwahati_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, New Guwahati City (page does not exist)">New Guwahati City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_New_Katani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, New Katani (page does not exist)">New Katani</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Patratu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Patratu (page does not exist)">Patratu</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Pratapnagar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Pratapnagar (page does not exist)">Pratapnagar</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Pune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Pune (page does not exist)">Pune</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Raipur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Raipur (page does not exist)">Raipur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Ratlam" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Ratlam">Ratlam</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Sabarmati" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Sabarmati">Sabarmati</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Samastipur" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Samastipur">Samastipur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Shakurbasti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Shakurbasti (page does not exist)">Shakurbasti</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Siliguri" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Siliguri">Siliguri</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Tondiarpet" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Tondiarpet">Tondiarpet</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Tughlakabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Tughlakabad (page does not exist)">Tughlakabad</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Vatva" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Vatva">Vatva</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Vijayawada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Vijayawada (page does not exist)">Vijayawada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Loco_Shed,_Visakhapatnam" title="Diesel Loco Shed, Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_locomotive" title="Electric locomotive">Electric Loco</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Ajni" title="Electric Loco Shed, Ajni">Ajni</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Angul" title="Electric Loco Shed, Angul">Angul</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Arakkonam" title="Electric Loco Shed, Arakkonam">Arakkonam</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Asansol" title="Electric Loco Shed, Asansol">Asansol</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Barauni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Barauni (page does not exist)">Barauni</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bhilai" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bhilai">Bhilai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bhusawal" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bhusawal">Bhusawal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bilaspur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bilaspur (page does not exist)">Bilaspur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bokaro_Steel_City" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bokaro Steel City">Bokaro Steel City</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Bondamunda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Bondamunda (page does not exist)">Bondamunda</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Erode" title="Electric Loco Shed, Erode">Erode</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Ghaziabad" title="Electric Loco Shed, Ghaziabad">Ghaziabad</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Gomoh" title="Electric Loco Shed, Gomoh">Gomoh</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Gorakhpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Gorakhpur (page does not exist)">Gorakhpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Guntakal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Guntakal (page does not exist)">Guntakal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Howrah" title="Electric Loco Shed, Howrah">Howrah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Ispat_Nagar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Ispat Nagar (page does not exist)">Ispat Nagar</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Itarsi" title="Electric Loco Shed, Itarsi">Itarsi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Jhansi" title="Electric Loco Shed, Jhansi">Jhansi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Kalyan" title="Electric Loco Shed, Kalyan">Kalyan</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Kanpur" title="Electric Loco Shed, Kanpur">Kanpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Katni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Katni (page does not exist)">Katni</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Kazipet" title="Electric Loco Shed, Kazipet">Kazipet</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Khanalampura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Khanalampura (page does not exist)">Khanalampura</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Lallaguda" title="Electric Loco Shed, Lallaguda">Lallaguda</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Ludhiana" title="Electric Loco Shed, Ludhiana">Ludhiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Mughalsarai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Mughalsarai (page does not exist)">Mughalsarai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Nagpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Nagpur (page does not exist)">Nagpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Rourkela&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Rourkela (page does not exist)">Rourkela</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Royapuram" title="Electric Loco Shed, Royapuram">Royapuram</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Saharanpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Saharanpur (page does not exist)">Saharanpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Electric_Loco_Shed,_Saiyedpur_Bhitri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Loco Shed, Saiyedpur Bhitri (page does not exist)">Saiyedpur Bhitri</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Tatanagar" title="Electric Loco Shed, Tatanagar">Tatanagar</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Tuglakabad" title="Electric Loco Shed, Tuglakabad">Tughlakabad</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Vadodara" title="Electric Loco Shed, Vadodara">Vadodara</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Valsad" title="Electric Loco Shed, Valsad">Valsad</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Vijayawada" title="Electric Loco Shed, Vijayawada">Vijayawada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Loco_Shed,_Visakhapatnam" title="Electric Loco Shed, Visakhapatnam">Visakhapatnam</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">Steam Loco</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nilgiri_Mountain_Railway" title="Nilgiri Mountain Railway">Coonoor</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rewari_Railway_Heritage_Museum" title="Rewari Railway Heritage Museum">Rewari</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Multiple_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Multiple Unit">Multiple Unit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diesel_Multiple_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel Multiple Unit">DEMU/DMU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=DMU_Car_Shed,_Bangalore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DMU Car Shed, Bangalore (page does not exist)">Bangalore</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Budgam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Budgam (page does not exist)">Budgam</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Gondia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Gondia (page does not exist)">Gondia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Jalandhar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Jalandhar (page does not exist)">Jalandhar</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Jamalpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Jamalpur (page does not exist)">Jamalpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=DMU_Car_Shed,_Motibagh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DMU Car Shed, Motibagh (page does not exist)">Motibagh</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=DMU_Car_Shed,_Maula_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DMU Car Shed, Maula Ali (page does not exist)">Maula Ali</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Shakurbasti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Shakurbasti (page does not exist)">Shakurbasti</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=DEMU_Car_Shed,_Vijayawada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DEMU Car Shed, Vijayawada (page does not exist)">Vijayawada</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Electric_Multiple_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric Multiple Unit">EMU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Avadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Avadi (page does not exist)">Avadi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Bandel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Bandel (page does not exist)">Bandel</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Barasat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Barasat (page does not exist)">Barasat</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Ghaziabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Ghaziabad (page does not exist)">Ghaziabad</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Howrah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Howrah (page does not exist)">Howrah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Kalwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Kalwa (page does not exist)">Kalwa</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Kandivali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Kandivali (page does not exist)">Kandivali</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Kharagpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Kharagpur (page does not exist)">Kharagpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Kurla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Kurla (page does not exist)">Kurla</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Maula_Ali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Maula Ali (page does not exist)">Maula Ali</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Mumbai_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Mumbai Central (page does not exist)">Mumbai Central</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Narkeldanga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Narkeldanga (page does not exist)">Narkeldanga</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Panskura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Panskura (page does not exist)">Panskura</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Ranaghat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Ranaghat (page does not exist)">Ranaghat</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Saharanpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Saharanpur (page does not exist)">Saharanpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Sanpada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Sanpada (page does not exist)">Sanpada</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Sonarpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Sonarpur (page does not exist)">Sonarpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Tambaram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Tambaram (page does not exist)">Tambaram</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Tikiapara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Tikiapara (page does not exist)">Tikiapara</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Velachery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Velachery (page does not exist)">Velachery</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=EMU_Car_Shed,_Virar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EMU Car Shed, Virar (page does not exist)">Virar</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/MEMU" title="MEMU">MEMU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Asansol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Asansol (page does not exist)">Asansol</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Bhilai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Bhilai (page does not exist)">Bhilai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Kanpur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Kanpur (page does not exist)">Kanpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kollam_MEMU_Shed" title="Kollam MEMU Shed">Kollam</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Palakkad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Palakkad (page does not exist)">Palakkad</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Rajahmundry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Rajahmundry (page does not exist)">Rajahmundry</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=MEMU_Car_Shed,_Vadodara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MEMU Car Shed, Vadodara (page does not exist)">Vadodara</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Kolkata_Metro_depots_and_yards" title="List of Kolkata Metro depots and yards">Kolkata Metro</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Noapara_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Noapara depot">Noapara</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tollygunge_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Tollygunge depot">Tollygunge</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Garia_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="New Garia depot">New Garia</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Central_Park_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Park depot">Central Park</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Joka_depot" class="mw-redirect" title="Joka depot">Joka</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India" title="Rail transport in India">Lines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Main_railway_lines_of_India" title="Category:Main railway lines of India">Main</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chennai_Central%E2%80%93Bangalore_City_line" title="Chennai Central–Bangalore City line">Chennai–Bangalore</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Allahabad%E2%80%93Mumbai_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Howrah–Allahabad–Mumbai line">Howrah–Prayagraj–Mumbai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Nagpur%E2%80%93Mumbai_line" title="Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai line">Howrah–Nagpur–Mumbai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Chennai_main_line" title="Howrah–Chennai main line">Howrah–Chennai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Delhi_main_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Howrah–Delhi main line">Howrah–Delhi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Howrah%E2%80%93Gaya%E2%80%93Delhi_line" title="Howrah–Gaya–Delhi line">Howrah–Gaya–Delhi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mumbai%E2%80%93Chennai_line" title="Mumbai–Chennai line">Mumbai–Chennai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Delhi%E2%80%93Chennai_main_line" title="New Delhi–Chennai main line">New Delhi–Chennai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Delhi%E2%80%93Mumbai_main_line" title="New Delhi–Mumbai main line">New Delhi–Mumbai</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">High-speed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mumbai%E2%80%93Ahmedabad_high-speed_rail_corridor" title="Mumbai–Ahmedabad high-speed rail corridor">Mumbai–Ahmedabad</a> (Under construction)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Suburban_rail_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Suburban rail in India">Suburban</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chennai_Mass_Rapid_Transit_System" title="Chennai Mass Rapid Transit System">Chennai MRTS</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chennai_Suburban_Railway" title="Chennai Suburban Railway">Chennai Suburban</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Delhi_Suburban_Railway" title="Delhi Suburban Railway">Delhi Suburban</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pune_Suburban_Railway" title="Pune Suburban Railway">Pune Suburban</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hyderabad_Multi-Modal_Transport_System" title="Hyderabad Multi-Modal Transport System">Hyderabad MMTS</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kolkata_Suburban_Railway" title="Kolkata Suburban Railway">Kolkata Suburban</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mumbai_Suburban_Railway" title="Mumbai Suburban Railway">Mumbai Suburban</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mountain_railways_of_India" title="Mountain railways of India">Mountain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Darjeeling_Himalayan_Railway" title="Darjeeling Himalayan Railway">Darjeeling</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kalka-Shimla_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalka-Shimla Railway">Kalka-Shimla</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nilgiri_Mountain_Railway" title="Nilgiri Mountain Railway">Nilgiri</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Named_passenger_trains_of_India" title="Category:Named passenger trains of India">Passenger<br /> trains</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_India" title="High-speed rail in India">Semi-High speed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Amrit_Bharat_Express" title="Amrit Bharat Express">Amrit Bharat Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Duronto_Express" title="Duronto Express">Duronto Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Gatimaan_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Gatimaan Express">Gatimaan Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tejas_Express" title="Tejas Express">Tejas Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rajdhani_Express" title="Rajdhani Express">Rajdhani Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Shatabdi_Express" title="Shatabdi Express">Shatabdi Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vande_Bharat_Express" title="Vande Bharat Express">Vande Bharat Express</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Premium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/AC_Express_(Indian_Railways)" title="AC Express (Indian Railways)">AC Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Double_Decker_Express" title="Double Decker Express">AC Double Decker Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Humsafar_Express" title="Humsafar Express">Humsafar Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Uday_Express" title="Uday Express">Uday Express</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Express_trains_in_India" title="Express trains in India">Express</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Antyodaya_Express" title="Antyodaya Express">Antyodaya Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Garib_Rath_Express" title="Garib Rath Express">Garib Rath Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Intercity_Express_(Indian_Railways)" title="Intercity Express (Indian Railways)">Intercity Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jan_Sadharan_Express" title="Jan Sadharan Express">Jan Sadharan Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jan_Shatabdi_Express" title="Jan Shatabdi Express">Jan Shatabdi Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mahamana_Express" title="Mahamana Express">Mahamana Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sampark_Kranti_Express" title="Sampark Kranti Express">Sampark Kranti Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Suvidha_Express" title="Suvidha Express">Suvidha Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rajya_Rani_Express" title="Rajya Rani Express">Rajya Rani Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vivek_Express" title="Vivek Express">Vivek Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Yuva_Express" title="Yuva Express">Yuva Express</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Luxury_rail_trains_in_India" title="Luxury rail trains in India">Luxury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Deccan_Odyssey" title="Deccan Odyssey">Deccan Odyssey</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Fairy_Queen_(locomotive)" title="Fairy Queen (locomotive)">Fairy Queen</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Golden_Chariot" title="Golden Chariot">Golden Chariot</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mahaparinirvan_Express" title="Mahaparinirvan Express">Mahaparinirvan Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maharajas%27_Express" title="Maharajas' Express">Maharajas' Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Palace_on_Wheels" title="Palace on Wheels">Palace on Wheels</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ramayana_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramayana Express">Ramayana Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Royal_Orient" title="Royal Orient">Royal Orient</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Royal_Rajasthan_on_Wheels" title="Royal Rajasthan on Wheels">Royal Rajasthan on Wheels</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Village_on_Wheels" title="Village on Wheels">Village on Wheels</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lifeline_Express" title="Lifeline Express">Lifeline Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Red_Ribbon_Express" title="Red Ribbon Express">Red Ribbon Express</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Science_Express" title="Science Express">Science Express</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Slow_and_fast_passenger_trains_in_India" title="Slow and fast passenger trains in India">Passenger trains</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vande_Metro" title="Vande Metro">Vande Metro</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Railway_stations_in_India" title="Category:Railway stations in India">Stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Categorization_of_Indian_Railway_stations_by_commercial_importance" title="Categorization of Indian Railway stations by commercial importance">Major</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_stations_in_Chennai" title="Railway stations in Chennai">Chennai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chennai_Central" class="mw-redirect" title="Chennai Central">Chennai Central</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chennai_Egmore_railway_station" title="Chennai Egmore railway station">Chennai Egmore</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tambaram_railway_station" title="Tambaram railway station">Tambaram</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_railway_stations_in_Delhi" title="List of railway stations in Delhi">Delhi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Delhi_Junction_railway_station" title="Delhi Junction railway station">Delhi Jn.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hazrat_Nizamuddin_railway_station" title="Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station">Hazrat Nizamuddin</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/New_Delhi_railway_station" title="New Delhi railway station">New Delhi</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Railway_stations_in_Kolkata" title="Category:Railway stations in Kolkata">Kolkata</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Howrah_railway_station" title="Howrah railway station">Howrah</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Howrah_railway_station" title="Howrah railway station">Howrah South</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sealdah_railway_station" title="Sealdah railway station">Sealdah</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_stations_in_Mumbai" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway stations in Mumbai">Mumbai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Dadar_railway_station" title="Dadar railway station">Dadar</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kalyan_Junction_railway_station" title="Kalyan Junction railway station">Kalyan Jn.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mumbai_Central_railway_station" title="Mumbai Central railway station">Mumbai Central</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mumbai_CSMT" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai CSMT">Mumbai CSMT</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lokmanya_Tilak_Terminus" title="Lokmanya Tilak Terminus">Mumbai LTT</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Panvel_railway_station" title="Panvel railway station">Panvel</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ahmedabad_Junction_railway_station" title="Ahmedabad Junction railway station">Ahmedabad Jn.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/KSR_Bengaluru_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="KSR Bengaluru railway station">KSR Bengaluru</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Patna_Junction_railway_station" title="Patna Junction railway station">Patna Jn.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pune_Junction_railway_station" title="Pune Junction railway station">Pune Jn.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Secunderabad_Junction_railway_station" title="Secunderabad Junction railway station">Secunderabad Jn.</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Surat_railway_station" title="Surat railway station">Surat</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thane_railway_station" title="Thane railway station">Thane</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Railway_junction_stations_in_India" title="Category:Railway junction stations in India">Junctions</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Rapid_transit_stations_in_India" title="Category:Rapid transit stations in India">Metro</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Centralised_Training_Institutes_of_the_Indian_Railways" title="Centralised Training Institutes of the Indian Railways">Training<br />institutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways_Institute_of_Civil_Engineering" title="Indian Railways Institute of Civil Engineering">Indian Railways Institute of Civil Engineering</a> (IRICEN)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways_Institute_of_Electrical_Engineering" title="Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering">Indian Railways Institute of Electrical Engineering</a> (IRICEE)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways_Institute_of_Mechanical_and_Electrical_Engineering" title="Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering">Indian Railways Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering</a> (IRIMEE)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways_Institute_of_Signal_Engineering_and_Telecommunications" title="Indian Railways Institute of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications">Indian Railways Institute of Signal Engineering and Telecommunications</a> (IRISET)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Railways_Track_Machine_Training_Centre" title="Indian Railways Track Machine Training Centre">Indian Railways Track Machine Training Centre</a> (IRTMTC)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Academy_of_Indian_Railways" title="National Academy of Indian Railways">National Academy of Indian Railways</a> (NAIR)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/National_Rail_and_Transportation_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="National Rail and Transportation Institute">National Rail and Transportation Institute</a> (NRTI)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jagjivan_Ram_Railway_Protection_Force_Academy" title="Jagjivan Ram Railway Protection Force Academy">Jagjivan Ram Railway Protection Force Academy</a> (JRRPFA)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_in_Indian_Railways" title="Category:Trade unions in Indian Railways">Trade unions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/All_India_Railwaymen%27s_Federation" title="All India Railwaymen's Federation">All India Railwaymen's Federation</a> (AIRF)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/All_India_Station_Masters%27_Association" title="All India Station Masters' Association">All India Station Masters' Association</a> (AISMA)</li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Konkan_Railway_Corporation_Employees_Union" title="Konkan Railway Corporation Employees Union">Konkan Railway Corporation Employees Union</a> (KRCEU)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_railway_accidents_and_incidents_in_India" title="List of railway accidents and incidents in India">Accidents</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Anti-collision_device" title="Anti-collision device">Anti-collision device</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kavach_(train_protection_system)" title="Kavach (train protection system)">Kavach</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Future_of_rail_transport_in_India" title="Future of rail transport in India">Future</a>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Diamond_Quadrilateral" title="Diamond Quadrilateral">Diamond Quadrilateral</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Rail_transport_in_India#History" title="Rail transport in India">History of Rail Transport</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Last_vehicle_board" title="Last vehicle board">Last vehicle board</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_budget_of_India" title="Railway budget of India">Railway budget</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Railway_schools_in_India" title="Railway schools in India">Railway schools</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Train_Warning_System_(India)" title="Train Warning System (India)">Train Warning System</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Urban_rail_transit_in_India" title="Urban rail transit in India">Urban Rail Transit</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div>
<ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Indian_Railways" title="Category:Indian Railways">Category</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1720952750' |