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{{About|the municipality in Manipur, India|the eponymous district|Churachandpur district}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Churachandpur
| native_name_lang = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| other_name = ''Bishnupr''
| nickname =
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Hill Town area of Churachandpur
| pushpin_map = India Manipur#India
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Manipur, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24.346|93.70|format=dms| display=inline,title|region:IN_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Manipur]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Churachandpur district|Churachandpur]]
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for = [[Churachand Singh]], the [[Maharaja]] of [[Manipur Kingdom]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
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| population_total = 120000
| population_as_of = 2022
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| population_footnotes = <ref name="Guite"/>
| demographics_type1 = Language(s)
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Meitei language|Meitei]]{{efn|name=lang|[[Meitei language]] (officially known as [[Manipuri language]]) is the official language of [[Manipur]].}}<ref name=langoff>{{cite web |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM47thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47TV report (July 2008 to June 2010) |pages=78 |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, [[Ministry of Minority Affairs]], [[Government of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513161847/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM47thReport.pdf |archive-date=13 May 2012 }}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Regional
| demographics1_info2 = [[Paite language|Paite]], [[Thadou language|Thadou]] and other [[Kuki-Chin-Mizo languages]]
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| postal_code = 795128<ref>{{cite web|author=India Post|language=en|url=http://www.indiapost.gov.in/pin/Pinsearch.aspx?Pin_On=Churachandpur|title=Pincode search - Churachandpur|access-date=28 July 2008|archive-date=16 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116161952/https://www.indiapost.gov.in/pin/Pinsearch.aspx?Pin_On=Churachandpur|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 03874<ref>{{cite web|author=Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd|language=en|url=http://www.bsnl.co.in/searchcode.php?state=Manipur&pgno=0|title=STD Codes for cities in Manipur|access-date=28 July 2008}}{{Dead link|date=July 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| registration_plate = MN 02
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'''Churachandpur''' ([[International phonetic alphabet|IPA]]: ''/tʃʊRVːˌtʃaːnɗpʊr/),'' locally known as '''Lamka''' is the second largest town in the Indian state of [[Manipur]] and the district headquarters of the [[Churachandpur District]].<ref name="IE Lamka"/><ref name="Guite">
{{Cite news |last=Guite |first=Paojakhup |title=Churachandpur (Lamka) Town: The Unplanned Growth of Urbanisation and its Civic Management Systems |newspaper=Imphal Times |date=12 July 2022 |url=https://www.imphaltimes.com/it-articles/item/23246-churachandpur-lamka-town-the-unplanned-growth-of-urbanisation-and-its-civic-management-systems}}
</ref> The name "Churachandpur" was transferred from the earlier headquarters of the district at '''Songpi''' to the present location,{{Efn|It was referred to as "New Churachandpur" during the 1950s and 1960s.}} and honours [[Churachand Singh]], former maharaja of the [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur princely state]]. The local people reject the name as a colonial imposition and prefer using the native name "Lamka".<ref name="IE Lamka" />
Churachandpur is not a statutory town and does not have a municipality. It is governed by the Autonomous District Council of the Churachandpur district.
== Geography ==
The Churachandpur town is in the valley of [[Khuga River]] (called "Lamka plain"),<ref name="Pau"/> which flows north from the southern border of the state towards the [[Imphal Valley]]. The town is at the intersection of two roads: the [[Tedim Road]], which runs from the Manipur state capital [[Imphal]] to the [[Tedim|Tedim Town]] in the [[Chin State]] of Myanmar, and the Tipaimukh road that goes to [[Tipaimukh]] in the southwest corner of the state and continues on to [[Mizoram]]. The junction of the two roads is called "Lamka" in [[Kuki-Chin languages|Kuki-Chiin languages]]. At present, the northern portion of the Tedim Road and the Tipaimukh Road make up the [[National Highway 2 (India)|National Highway 2]], connecting the states of [[Assam]], [[Nagaland]], Manipur and [[Mizoram]]. In addition to these roads, the road to [[Sugnu]] via the Tuineng valley also leaves from the Churachandpur town.
Churachandpur is a sprawling urban agglomeration, said to be the second largest town in Manipur.<ref name="IE Lamka"/> However it is not a statutory town and does not have a municipality. The region is divided into multiple villages and towns, under the supervision of the Autonomous District Council of the Churachandpur District.<ref name="Guite"/> Notable among the towns are '''Hiangtam Lamka''', west of Tedim Road, '''Zenhang Lamka''', east of Tedim Road, and [[Rengkai]] to the southeast.
== History ==
=== Songpi ===
The name "Chura Chandpur" was originally given to the village of Songpi ({{coord|24.3344|93.6525|format=dms}}) on the road to [[Tipaimukh]] (present day [[National Highway 2 (India)|NH2]]) around the year 1920. The name was coined in honour of [[Churachand Singh]], the reigning maharaja of the [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur princely state]] at that time. The Khuga river valley, the present site of Churachandpur was forested and mostly uninhabited at that time.<ref>
[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-181831961-imphal-83-h-1944.jpg Survey of India mapsheet 83-H (Burma and India)], 1944 (Surveyed 1922–24).
</ref>
During the [[Kuki Rebellion of 1917-1919]], the chief of Songpi, Semthong Haokip, refrained from taking part in the rebellion and was regarded as a "friendly" chief by the British.{{sfnp|Guite, Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet|2019|p=55}}{{sfnp|Haokip, Breaking the Sprit of the Kukis|2019|p=115}} Songpi was also at a strategic height overlooking the valley leading to the [[Thangjing Hill]], and used as the location of an [[Assam Rifles]] post.<ref>{{citation |title=History of the Assam Rifles |first=Colonel L. W. |last=Shakespear |publisher=Macmillan And Co |location=London |year=1929 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2395 |via=archive.org |pages=203–204, 235}}</ref> After the rebellion, the British Raj decided to set up four subdivisions for the hill areas, one of which, the South-West Subdivision, was headquartered at Songpi.{{efn|A "sub-division" in the British system was a smaller unit of administration than a district, but often larger than native units of administration such as [[tehsil]] or taluka, which were styled "circles". The whole of Manipur was a single district under the British Raj. Four sub-divisions for hill regions were created in 1919. Other than Churachandpur, there was a North-West Sub-division headquartered at [[Tamenglong]], a North-East Sub-division headquartered at [[Ukhrul]], and a fourth sub-division headquartered at Imphal that covered the remaining areas (extreme north and the south-east).<ref name="Singh Christian Missions"/>}} B. C. Gasper was appointed as the subvidivisional officer. In 1921, Gasper organised a feast to welcome back the labour corps workers that returned from [[World War I]], to which Maharaja Churachand Singh was invited. It was decided on that occasion to give the name "Churachandpur" to the Songpi village.<ref name="IE Lamka" /><ref name="Gangte">
T. Dongzakai Gangte, [https://zogam.com/articles/articles-i/general-articles/3026-a-brief-history-of-churachandpur.html A brief history of Churachandpur], Churachandpur District magazine, 2008. (via Zogam.com, 22 July 2009).
</ref> In due course, the subdivision headquartered here also came to be known as the "Churachandpur Subdivision".<ref name="Singh Christian Missions">
{{citation |last=Singh |first=K. M. |title=History of the Christian Missions in Manipur and Neighbouring States |publisher=Mittal Publications |year=1991 |isbn=81-7099-285-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofchristi0000sing |via=archive.org |page=161}}
</ref>{{sfnp|Chishti, Political Development in Manipur|1979|p=45}}
In 1930, the Sub-Divisional Officers (S.D.O.'s) were withdrawn due to dearth of staff and the subdivision was administered directly from Imphal. The Songpi/Churachandpur office fell into disuse.{{sfnp|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985|pp=158–159}}{{efn|While two other subdivision offices, at Ukhrul and Tamenglong, were reopened due to disturbances, Churachandpur remained closed.{{sfnp|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985|pp=159–160}}}}
=== Churachandpur ===
The Khuga River Valley, the location of the present-day Churachandpur Town, was forested and mostly uninhabited at the time of the Kuki Rebellion. However, it was used for grazing [[gayal|mithuns]] (also called ''metna''), of which the chief of [[Ukha, Manipur|Ukha]], was the largest owner in the area.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=177}} Prior to the Kuki Rebellion, the British had also allowed some number of Nepali ex-servicemen to settle in the valley and use it for grazing cattle.{{sfnp|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=160}} The destruction caused by the cattle to the crops of the Kuki people in the surrounding areas was considered a significant grievance causing antipathy towards the British administration.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=176}} The Nepalis were however loyal to the British, paid regular taxes, and also supplied ''[[ghee]]'' to the British troops.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|pp=176–177}} One of the first events of the Kuki Rebellion was to raid the Nepali graziers of the Khuga Valley on 28 December 2017, which was carried out by Thadous and Zous jointly.{{sfnp|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=160}}
Also during the rebellion, the British constructed a road to [[Hiangtam]] in the southern part of the subdivision, which branched off the Tipaimukh road at a location that came to be called "Lamka". ("Lamka" means junction in Kuki-Chin languages.) The original location was called "Hiangtam Lamka" and became the site of a new village.<ref name="IE Lamka"/>{{efn|"Lamka" means "crossroads" in the Kuki languages. "Hiangtam Lamka" was the village at the intersection of the Tipaimukh road and the Hiangtam road (now called "Tedim Road").<ref name="IE Lamka"/>}} Another village called "Zenhang Lamka" was established to the east of the Hiangtam Road and the two villages together were referred to as "Lamka".<ref name="IE Lamka"/> Eventually the whole plain in the Khuga River valley acquired the name "Lamka plain".<ref name="Pau">
{{citation |last=Pau |first=Pum Khan |title=Indo-Burma Frontier and the Making of the Chin Hills: Empire and Resistance |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2019 |isbn=9781000507454 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVmnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PR12 |page=xii |quote=From a remote hill village in the Indo-Burma border, my grandparents moved to the plain of Lamka (Lamka ''zaang'') in Churachandpur District of Manipur chiefly in search of better livelihood and opportunity for the education of their children.}}
</ref>
During the [[World War II]], the British constructed a motorable "Tedim Road" between Imphal and Tedim, extending the former Hiangtam Road. Seven decisive battles were fought along this road between the British 17 Indian Division and the Japanese 33 Division. The Japanese reached the Churachandpur area on 8 April 1944, and four battles were fought to the north of it, within Manipur, including one at [[Torbung]].<ref name="Pau Tedim Road">{{citation |first=Pum Khan |last=Pau |year=2012 |title=Tedim Road—The Strategic Road on a Frontier: A Historical Analysis |journal=Strategic Analysis |volume=36 |number=5 |pages=776-786 |doi=10.1080/09700161.2012.712387}}</ref> Eventually the Japanese were defeated at Imphal and withdrew from Manipur with heavy losses.<ref name="Pau Tedim Road" />
=== Independent period ===
In 1947, on the eve of Indian independence, the British reinstated the administrative powers of the Maharaja of Manipur, who promulgated a [[Manipur State Constitution Act 1947|constitution]] establishing a legislative assembly and a ministry. The new administration decided to form [[Tehsil|circles]] for local administration, designating two of them as Churachandpur Circle and [[Thanlon]] Circle respectively. Finding that the old offices at Songpi had been reused for other purposes, in 1949, the Manipur administration decided to construct a new town of "Churachandpur" to serve as the headquarters. The town was referred to as "New Churachandpur" for a few years.<ref>
{{citation |title=The Manipur State Gazette, No. 103 |publisher=Government of Manipur, by order of H. H. The Maharaja |location=Imphal |date=8 June 1949 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125717 |via=archive.org |quote=The Hon'ble Speaker to read out the Report on New Churachandpur Town as submitted by 3 Special Commissioners deputed by the Assembly.}}
</ref>
After Manipur's merger with India, the subdivision structure was reinstated, including a Churachandpur Subdivision based at New Churachandpur.<ref>
{{citation |title=Manipur Gazette |publisher=Government of Manipur |location=Imphal |date=1950 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125706 |via=archive.org |at=No. 21, January 25, 1950, pp. 1–3}}
</ref> In 1969, the subdivision was converted into a district, first under the name "Manipur South" and later in 1983, as the "Churachandpur district".{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011|p=38}}
The Churachandpur town, which was the third biggest town in Manipur in 1971, was "denotified" in 1988 upon the recommendation of the Hill Areas Committee, and its area was placed under the Churachandpur Autonomous District Council. The 1991 census listed it as a Census Town in 1991, but the practice has since been discontinued. The whole area is considered "rural" for administrative purposes despite having clear urban characteristics.{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2001|p=6}} The 2011 census lists three census towns in the region, viz., Rengkai, Zenhang Lamka, and Hill Town (Hiangtam Lamka).{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011|p=34}}
The local people are said to have always used the name "Lamka" for the town in preference to "Churachandpur".<ref>
{{citation |editor1=Paromita Das |editor2=Charu Joshi |editor3=G. P. Pandey |title=Problems and Perspectives of the Relationship between the Media and Human Rights |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |year=2017 |isbn=9781443878326 |at=p. 120, note 11 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ExVUDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA120}}
</ref>
With the rise of ethnic tensions during the [[2023 Manipur violence]], the [[Kuki-Zo people]] have increasingly spurned the name "Churachandpur".<ref name="IE Lamka">
{{citation |author=Sukrit Baruah |title=Amid ongoing violence, why there is an open challenge to the name of Manipur’s Churachandpur |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=10 July 2023 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/manipur-churachandpur-lamka-kuki-zomi-meitei-history-8820659/}}
</ref>
== Demographics ==
The population of the Churachandpur Town is approximately 120,000 people.<ref name="Guite"/> The majority of the population consists of [[Kuki-Zo people]], with the dominant segment being the [[Paite people|Paite]] tribe. The [[Paite language]] is considered the ''lingua franca'' of the town.{{sfnp|Guite & Vualzong, Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur|2018|p=334}}
The town also contains 18 villages (neighbourhoods) with [[Meitei people|Meitei]] populations, totalling approximately 8,350 people. Almost all the Meitei were internally displaced during the [[2023–2024 Manipur violence]].<ref>
[https://www.ifp.co.in/ifp-breaking-point/we-were-running-for-our-lives ‘We were running for our lives’], Imphal Free Press, 15 September 2023.
</ref>
== See also ==
* [[List of populated places in Churachandpur district]]
== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== Bibliography ==
* {{citation |title=Churachandpur District Census Handbook |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur |year=2001 |url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/4407/1/38770_2001_CHU.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2001}}}}
* {{citation |title=Churachandpur District Census Handbook |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur |year=2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/846/download/36252/DH_2011_1403_PART_A_DCHB_CHURACHANDPUR.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011}}}}
* {{cite thesis |last=Chishti |first=S. M. A. W. |title=Political Development in Manipur, 1919-1949 |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144521638.pdf |year=1979 |publisher=Aligarh Muslim University |via=core.ac.uk |degree=PhD |ref={{sfnref|Chishti, Political Development in Manipur|1979}}}}
** {{citation |last=Chishti |first=S. M. A. W. |title=Political Development in Manipur, 1919-1949 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMcxSM_ZO30C |year=2005 |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |isbn=978-81-7835-424-8 |ref={{sfnref|Chishti, Political Development in Manipur|2005}}}}
* {{citation |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919: A Frontier Uprising against Imperialism during World War I |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ |ref={{sfnref|Guite & Haokip, The Anglo-Kuki War|2019}}}}
** {{citation |last=Guite |first=Jangkhomang |chapter='Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet': The general course of the Anglo-Kuki War |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=37– |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA37 |ref={{sfnref|Guite, Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet|2019}}}}
** {{citation |last=Haokip |first=Thongkholal |chapter=Breaking the Spirit of the Kukis: Launching the ‘largest series of military operations’ in the northeastern frontier of India |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=93– |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA93 |ref={{sfnref|Haokip, Breaking the Sprit of the Kukis|2019}}}}
** {{citation |author=Ningmuanching |chapter='As Men of One Country': Rethinking the history of the Anglo-Kuki War |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=168–197 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168 |ref={{sfnref|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019}}}}
** {{citation |first=David Vumlallian |last=Zou |chapter=Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=168–197 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA157 |ref={{sfnref|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019}}}}
* {{citation |last1=Guite |first1=M. Pauminsang |last2=Vualzong |first2=Langthianmung |chapter=Community Resilience Building and the Role of Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur in Manipur |editor1=Amita Singh |editor2=Milap Punia |editor3=Nivedita P. Haran |editor4=Thiyam Bharat Singh |title=Development and Disaster Management: A Study of the Northeastern States of India |publisher=Springer |year=2018 |isbn=9789811084850 |pages=331–348 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ypgDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA331 |ref={{sfnref|Guite & Vualzong, Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur|2018}}}}
* {{cite thesis |last=Ibochou Singh |first=Khwairakpam |title=British administration in Manipur 1891–1947 |publisher=Gauhati University |via=Shodhganga |degree=PhD |year=1985 |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/66697 |ref={{sfnref|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985}}}}
== Further reading ==
* {{Cite web |last=Vualzong |first=Ginza |title=The Story Behind Songpi, Churachandpur and Lamka |url=https://www.zogam.com/articles/articles-i/general-articles/3022-the-story-behind-songpi-churachandpur-and-lamka.html |date=29 March 2015 |access-date=2023-02-24 |website=www.zogam.com}}
* Gangte, Thangzam (undated) ''Churachandpur Chanchin'' (An Account of Churachandpur)
* Ginsum, H (undated) ''Lamka Vangkhua'' (Lamka Town).
* Kamkhenthang, Dr. H (1995) "Lamka Town vis-a-vis Churachandpur", ''Shan'' (daily), 21 December.
* Kamkhenthang (1998) "Lamka (Churachandpur)" in B.D. Ray, A.K. Neog & H.K. Mazhari (eds.) ''Urban Development in North-East India : Potentiality and Problems'', New Delhi: Vedams Books.
* Manipur State Archives, Imphal: ''Manipur State Durbar 1907–1947'' – Papers related to the Court of the President of Manipur State Durbar, Hill Misc. Case No. 28 of 1945–46, Phungkhothang Chief of Hiangtam Lamka; also Misc Case No. 504 of 1934 Phungkhothang Chief of Hiangtam Lamka.
{{Manipur}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Churachandpur district]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '{{copyvio-revdel|url=https://churachandpur.nic.in/about-district/history/|start1=1249188944|end1=1249263277}}
{{About|the municipality in Manipur, India|the eponymous district|Churachandpur district}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Churachandpur
| native_name_lang = <!-- Please do not add any Indic script in this infobox, per WP:INDICSCRIPT policy. -->
| other_name = ''Bishnupr''
| nickname =
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Hill Town area of Churachandpur
| pushpin_map = India Manipur#India
| pushpin_label_position = left
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Manipur, India
| coordinates = {{coord|24.346|93.70|format=dms| display=inline,title|region:IN_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Manipur]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Churachandpur district|Churachandpur]]
| established_title = <!-- Established -->
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for = [[Churachand Singh]], the [[Maharaja]] of [[Manipur Kingdom]]
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 120000
| population_as_of = 2022
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Guite"/>
| demographics_type1 = Language(s)
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Meitei language|Meitei]]{{efn|name=lang|[[Meitei language]] (officially known as [[Manipuri language]]) is the official language of [[Manipur]].}}<ref name=langoff>{{cite web |url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM47thReport.pdf |title=Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47TV report (July 2008 to June 2010) |pages=78 |publisher=Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, [[Ministry of Minority Affairs]], [[Government of India]] |access-date=16 February 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513161847/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM47thReport.pdf |archive-date=13 May 2012 }}</ref>
| demographics1_title2 = Regional
| demographics1_info2 = [[Paite language|Paite]], [[Thadou language|Thadou]] and other [[Kuki-Chin-Mizo languages]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 795128<ref>{{cite web|author=India Post|language=en|url=http://www.indiapost.gov.in/pin/Pinsearch.aspx?Pin_On=Churachandpur|title=Pincode search - Churachandpur|access-date=28 July 2008|archive-date=16 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116161952/https://www.indiapost.gov.in/pin/Pinsearch.aspx?Pin_On=Churachandpur|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 03874<ref>{{cite web|author=Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd|language=en|url=http://www.bsnl.co.in/searchcode.php?state=Manipur&pgno=0|title=STD Codes for cities in Manipur|access-date=28 July 2008}}{{Dead link|date=July 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
| registration_plate = MN 02
| website =
| footnotes =
| module = {{Infobox mapframe | wikidata=yes | zoom=14
| frame-width=270 |frame-height=300
| coord={{coord|24.346|93.70|display=i}}}}
}}
The district of Churachandpur derives its name from the town of Churachandpur after Sir Churachand Singh, K.C.S.I.,C.B.S. the Maharaja of Manipur. It lies on the south-western part of Manipur between 24.0 N and 24.3 N latitutde and 93.15 E and 94.0 E longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Tamenglong District, on the east by the districts of Imphal and Chandel, on the south by Myanmar (Burma) and Mizoram and on the west by the State of Mizoram and Assam. The average altitude of the district is 914.0 metres above the mean sea level. The area of the district as furnished by the Surveyor General of India is 4570.0 sq.km.
== Geography ==
The district of Churachandpur derives its name from the town of Churachandpur after Sir Churachand Singh, K.C.S.I.,C.B.S. the Maharaja of Manipur. It lies on the south-western part of Manipur between 24.0 N and 24.3 N latitutde and 93.15 E and 94.0 E longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Tamenglong District, on the east by the districts of Imphal and Chandel, on the south by Myanmar (Burma) and Mizoram and on the west by the State of Mizoram and Assam. The average altitude of the district is 914.0 metres above the mean sea level. The area of the district as furnished by the Surveyor General of India is 4570.0 sq.km.
Churachandpur district which was previously known as Manipur South District came into existence in the year 1969 alongwith the district reorganization of Manipur. Manipur was till then a single district Union Territory having only 10 Sub-Divisions. By an order of Manipur Government No. 20/39/69-D dated 12th November,1969, Manipur was divided into 5 districts having 25 Sub-Divisions. Under the said notification, the Churachandpur Sub-Division alongwith 15 hill villages of Jiribam Sub-Division were transferred to form Manipur South District. The District was further divided into 5 sub-divisions, namely, Tipaimukh, Thanlon, Churachandpur North, Churachandpur and Thinghat (presently known as Singngat). Since then there have been some minor territorial changes in the jurisdiction of the district. In 1972, 14 hill villages belonging to Jiribam sub-division of Manipur Central District (now Imphal district) were added to the administrative and revenue jurisdiction of Tipaimukh sub-division of the district. During 1981 and 1991 the district lost two hill villages belonging to Churachandpur sub-division. These hill villages were already lying within the geographical jurisdiction of Bishnupur district and the transfer to these villages to Bishnupur district was made in 1985 for administrative conveniences. During the intervening period the name of the district had also been changed Manipur South District to Churachandpur district vide Revenue Department’s Order No.43/2/81-R(Pt) dated 15.07.1983.
(Source: District Census Handbook-Churachandpur, 2011)
PRESENT DAY:-
Now Churachanpur has lot of Kasubi And kasuba has is migrated from Imaginary land known as kuki- land.
== See also ==
* [[List of populated places in Churachandpur district]]
== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== Bibliography ==
* {{citation |title=Churachandpur District Census Handbook |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur |year=2001 |url=http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/4407/1/38770_2001_CHU.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2001}}}}
* {{citation |title=Churachandpur District Census Handbook |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur |year=2011 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/846/download/36252/DH_2011_1403_PART_A_DCHB_CHURACHANDPUR.pdf |ref={{sfnref|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011}}}}
* {{cite thesis |last=Chishti |first=S. M. A. W. |title=Political Development in Manipur, 1919-1949 |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144521638.pdf |year=1979 |publisher=Aligarh Muslim University |via=core.ac.uk |degree=PhD |ref={{sfnref|Chishti, Political Development in Manipur|1979}}}}
** {{citation |last=Chishti |first=S. M. A. W. |title=Political Development in Manipur, 1919-1949 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YMcxSM_ZO30C |year=2005 |publisher=Gyan Publishing House |isbn=978-81-7835-424-8 |ref={{sfnref|Chishti, Political Development in Manipur|2005}}}}
* {{citation |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919: A Frontier Uprising against Imperialism during World War I |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ |ref={{sfnref|Guite & Haokip, The Anglo-Kuki War|2019}}}}
** {{citation |last=Guite |first=Jangkhomang |chapter='Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet': The general course of the Anglo-Kuki War |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=37– |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA37 |ref={{sfnref|Guite, Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet|2019}}}}
** {{citation |last=Haokip |first=Thongkholal |chapter=Breaking the Spirit of the Kukis: Launching the ‘largest series of military operations’ in the northeastern frontier of India |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=93– |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA93 |ref={{sfnref|Haokip, Breaking the Sprit of the Kukis|2019}}}}
** {{citation |author=Ningmuanching |chapter='As Men of One Country': Rethinking the history of the Anglo-Kuki War |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=168–197 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168 |ref={{sfnref|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019}}}}
** {{citation |first=David Vumlallian |last=Zou |chapter=Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War |editor1=Jangkhomang Guite |editor2=Thongkholal Haokip |title=The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919 |publisher=Routledge |year=2019 |isbn=978-1-138-50704-3 |pages=168–197 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA157 |ref={{sfnref|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019}}}}
* {{citation |last1=Guite |first1=M. Pauminsang |last2=Vualzong |first2=Langthianmung |chapter=Community Resilience Building and the Role of Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur in Manipur |editor1=Amita Singh |editor2=Milap Punia |editor3=Nivedita P. Haran |editor4=Thiyam Bharat Singh |title=Development and Disaster Management: A Study of the Northeastern States of India |publisher=Springer |year=2018 |isbn=9789811084850 |pages=331–348 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ypgDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA331 |ref={{sfnref|Guite & Vualzong, Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur|2018}}}}
* {{cite thesis |last=Ibochou Singh |first=Khwairakpam |title=British administration in Manipur 1891–1947 |publisher=Gauhati University |via=Shodhganga |degree=PhD |year=1985 |url=https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/66697 |ref={{sfnref|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985}}}}
== Further reading ==
* {{Cite web |last=Vualzong |first=Ginza |title=The Story Behind Songpi, Churachandpur and Lamka |url=https://www.zogam.com/articles/articles-i/general-articles/3022-the-story-behind-songpi-churachandpur-and-lamka.html |date=29 March 2015 |access-date=2023-02-24 |website=www.zogam.com}}
* Gangte, Thangzam (undated) ''Churachandpur Chanchin'' (An Account of Churachandpur)
* Ginsum, H (undated) ''Lamka Vangkhua'' (Lamka Town).
* Kamkhenthang, Dr. H (1995) "Lamka Town vis-a-vis Churachandpur", ''Shan'' (daily), 21 December.
* Kamkhenthang (1998) "Lamka (Churachandpur)" in B.D. Ray, A.K. Neog & H.K. Mazhari (eds.) ''Urban Development in North-East India : Potentiality and Problems'', New Delhi: Vedams Books.
* Manipur State Archives, Imphal: ''Manipur State Durbar 1907–1947'' – Papers related to the Court of the President of Manipur State Durbar, Hill Misc. Case No. 28 of 1945–46, Phungkhothang Chief of Hiangtam Lamka; also Misc Case No. 504 of 1934 Phungkhothang Chief of Hiangtam Lamka.
{{Manipur}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Churachandpur district]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff) | '@@ -57,60 +57,17 @@
| coord={{coord|24.346|93.70|display=i}}}}
}}
-'''Churachandpur''' ([[International phonetic alphabet|IPA]]: ''/tʃʊRVːˌtʃaːnɗpʊr/),'' locally known as '''Lamka''' is the second largest town in the Indian state of [[Manipur]] and the district headquarters of the [[Churachandpur District]].<ref name="IE Lamka"/><ref name="Guite">
-{{Cite news |last=Guite |first=Paojakhup |title=Churachandpur (Lamka) Town: The Unplanned Growth of Urbanisation and its Civic Management Systems |newspaper=Imphal Times |date=12 July 2022 |url=https://www.imphaltimes.com/it-articles/item/23246-churachandpur-lamka-town-the-unplanned-growth-of-urbanisation-and-its-civic-management-systems}}
-</ref> The name "Churachandpur" was transferred from the earlier headquarters of the district at '''Songpi''' to the present location,{{Efn|It was referred to as "New Churachandpur" during the 1950s and 1960s.}} and honours [[Churachand Singh]], former maharaja of the [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur princely state]]. The local people reject the name as a colonial imposition and prefer using the native name "Lamka".<ref name="IE Lamka" />
-
-Churachandpur is not a statutory town and does not have a municipality. It is governed by the Autonomous District Council of the Churachandpur district.
+The district of Churachandpur derives its name from the town of Churachandpur after Sir Churachand Singh, K.C.S.I.,C.B.S. the Maharaja of Manipur. It lies on the south-western part of Manipur between 24.0 N and 24.3 N latitutde and 93.15 E and 94.0 E longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Tamenglong District, on the east by the districts of Imphal and Chandel, on the south by Myanmar (Burma) and Mizoram and on the west by the State of Mizoram and Assam. The average altitude of the district is 914.0 metres above the mean sea level. The area of the district as furnished by the Surveyor General of India is 4570.0 sq.km.
== Geography ==
-The Churachandpur town is in the valley of [[Khuga River]] (called "Lamka plain"),<ref name="Pau"/> which flows north from the southern border of the state towards the [[Imphal Valley]]. The town is at the intersection of two roads: the [[Tedim Road]], which runs from the Manipur state capital [[Imphal]] to the [[Tedim|Tedim Town]] in the [[Chin State]] of Myanmar, and the Tipaimukh road that goes to [[Tipaimukh]] in the southwest corner of the state and continues on to [[Mizoram]]. The junction of the two roads is called "Lamka" in [[Kuki-Chin languages|Kuki-Chiin languages]]. At present, the northern portion of the Tedim Road and the Tipaimukh Road make up the [[National Highway 2 (India)|National Highway 2]], connecting the states of [[Assam]], [[Nagaland]], Manipur and [[Mizoram]]. In addition to these roads, the road to [[Sugnu]] via the Tuineng valley also leaves from the Churachandpur town.
-
-Churachandpur is a sprawling urban agglomeration, said to be the second largest town in Manipur.<ref name="IE Lamka"/> However it is not a statutory town and does not have a municipality. The region is divided into multiple villages and towns, under the supervision of the Autonomous District Council of the Churachandpur District.<ref name="Guite"/> Notable among the towns are '''Hiangtam Lamka''', west of Tedim Road, '''Zenhang Lamka''', east of Tedim Road, and [[Rengkai]] to the southeast.
-
-== History ==
-=== Songpi ===
-The name "Chura Chandpur" was originally given to the village of Songpi ({{coord|24.3344|93.6525|format=dms}}) on the road to [[Tipaimukh]] (present day [[National Highway 2 (India)|NH2]]) around the year 1920. The name was coined in honour of [[Churachand Singh]], the reigning maharaja of the [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur princely state]] at that time. The Khuga river valley, the present site of Churachandpur was forested and mostly uninhabited at that time.<ref>
-[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-181831961-imphal-83-h-1944.jpg Survey of India mapsheet 83-H (Burma and India)], 1944 (Surveyed 1922–24).
-</ref>
-
-During the [[Kuki Rebellion of 1917-1919]], the chief of Songpi, Semthong Haokip, refrained from taking part in the rebellion and was regarded as a "friendly" chief by the British.{{sfnp|Guite, Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet|2019|p=55}}{{sfnp|Haokip, Breaking the Sprit of the Kukis|2019|p=115}} Songpi was also at a strategic height overlooking the valley leading to the [[Thangjing Hill]], and used as the location of an [[Assam Rifles]] post.<ref>{{citation |title=History of the Assam Rifles |first=Colonel L. W. |last=Shakespear |publisher=Macmillan And Co |location=London |year=1929 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2395 |via=archive.org |pages=203–204, 235}}</ref> After the rebellion, the British Raj decided to set up four subdivisions for the hill areas, one of which, the South-West Subdivision, was headquartered at Songpi.{{efn|A "sub-division" in the British system was a smaller unit of administration than a district, but often larger than native units of administration such as [[tehsil]] or taluka, which were styled "circles". The whole of Manipur was a single district under the British Raj. Four sub-divisions for hill regions were created in 1919. Other than Churachandpur, there was a North-West Sub-division headquartered at [[Tamenglong]], a North-East Sub-division headquartered at [[Ukhrul]], and a fourth sub-division headquartered at Imphal that covered the remaining areas (extreme north and the south-east).<ref name="Singh Christian Missions"/>}} B. C. Gasper was appointed as the subvidivisional officer. In 1921, Gasper organised a feast to welcome back the labour corps workers that returned from [[World War I]], to which Maharaja Churachand Singh was invited. It was decided on that occasion to give the name "Churachandpur" to the Songpi village.<ref name="IE Lamka" /><ref name="Gangte">
-T. Dongzakai Gangte, [https://zogam.com/articles/articles-i/general-articles/3026-a-brief-history-of-churachandpur.html A brief history of Churachandpur], Churachandpur District magazine, 2008. (via Zogam.com, 22 July 2009).
-</ref> In due course, the subdivision headquartered here also came to be known as the "Churachandpur Subdivision".<ref name="Singh Christian Missions">
-{{citation |last=Singh |first=K. M. |title=History of the Christian Missions in Manipur and Neighbouring States |publisher=Mittal Publications |year=1991 |isbn=81-7099-285-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofchristi0000sing |via=archive.org |page=161}}
-</ref>{{sfnp|Chishti, Political Development in Manipur|1979|p=45}}
-In 1930, the Sub-Divisional Officers (S.D.O.'s) were withdrawn due to dearth of staff and the subdivision was administered directly from Imphal. The Songpi/Churachandpur office fell into disuse.{{sfnp|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985|pp=158–159}}{{efn|While two other subdivision offices, at Ukhrul and Tamenglong, were reopened due to disturbances, Churachandpur remained closed.{{sfnp|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985|pp=159–160}}}}
-
-=== Churachandpur ===
-The Khuga River Valley, the location of the present-day Churachandpur Town, was forested and mostly uninhabited at the time of the Kuki Rebellion. However, it was used for grazing [[gayal|mithuns]] (also called ''metna''), of which the chief of [[Ukha, Manipur|Ukha]], was the largest owner in the area.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=177}} Prior to the Kuki Rebellion, the British had also allowed some number of Nepali ex-servicemen to settle in the valley and use it for grazing cattle.{{sfnp|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=160}} The destruction caused by the cattle to the crops of the Kuki people in the surrounding areas was considered a significant grievance causing antipathy towards the British administration.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=176}} The Nepalis were however loyal to the British, paid regular taxes, and also supplied ''[[ghee]]'' to the British troops.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|pp=176–177}} One of the first events of the Kuki Rebellion was to raid the Nepali graziers of the Khuga Valley on 28 December 2017, which was carried out by Thadous and Zous jointly.{{sfnp|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=160}}
-
-Also during the rebellion, the British constructed a road to [[Hiangtam]] in the southern part of the subdivision, which branched off the Tipaimukh road at a location that came to be called "Lamka". ("Lamka" means junction in Kuki-Chin languages.) The original location was called "Hiangtam Lamka" and became the site of a new village.<ref name="IE Lamka"/>{{efn|"Lamka" means "crossroads" in the Kuki languages. "Hiangtam Lamka" was the village at the intersection of the Tipaimukh road and the Hiangtam road (now called "Tedim Road").<ref name="IE Lamka"/>}} Another village called "Zenhang Lamka" was established to the east of the Hiangtam Road and the two villages together were referred to as "Lamka".<ref name="IE Lamka"/> Eventually the whole plain in the Khuga River valley acquired the name "Lamka plain".<ref name="Pau">
-{{citation |last=Pau |first=Pum Khan |title=Indo-Burma Frontier and the Making of the Chin Hills: Empire and Resistance |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2019 |isbn=9781000507454 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVmnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PR12 |page=xii |quote=From a remote hill village in the Indo-Burma border, my grandparents moved to the plain of Lamka (Lamka ''zaang'') in Churachandpur District of Manipur chiefly in search of better livelihood and opportunity for the education of their children.}}
-</ref>
-
-During the [[World War II]], the British constructed a motorable "Tedim Road" between Imphal and Tedim, extending the former Hiangtam Road. Seven decisive battles were fought along this road between the British 17 Indian Division and the Japanese 33 Division. The Japanese reached the Churachandpur area on 8 April 1944, and four battles were fought to the north of it, within Manipur, including one at [[Torbung]].<ref name="Pau Tedim Road">{{citation |first=Pum Khan |last=Pau |year=2012 |title=Tedim Road—The Strategic Road on a Frontier: A Historical Analysis |journal=Strategic Analysis |volume=36 |number=5 |pages=776-786 |doi=10.1080/09700161.2012.712387}}</ref> Eventually the Japanese were defeated at Imphal and withdrew from Manipur with heavy losses.<ref name="Pau Tedim Road" />
+The district of Churachandpur derives its name from the town of Churachandpur after Sir Churachand Singh, K.C.S.I.,C.B.S. the Maharaja of Manipur. It lies on the south-western part of Manipur between 24.0 N and 24.3 N latitutde and 93.15 E and 94.0 E longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Tamenglong District, on the east by the districts of Imphal and Chandel, on the south by Myanmar (Burma) and Mizoram and on the west by the State of Mizoram and Assam. The average altitude of the district is 914.0 metres above the mean sea level. The area of the district as furnished by the Surveyor General of India is 4570.0 sq.km.
-=== Independent period ===
-In 1947, on the eve of Indian independence, the British reinstated the administrative powers of the Maharaja of Manipur, who promulgated a [[Manipur State Constitution Act 1947|constitution]] establishing a legislative assembly and a ministry. The new administration decided to form [[Tehsil|circles]] for local administration, designating two of them as Churachandpur Circle and [[Thanlon]] Circle respectively. Finding that the old offices at Songpi had been reused for other purposes, in 1949, the Manipur administration decided to construct a new town of "Churachandpur" to serve as the headquarters. The town was referred to as "New Churachandpur" for a few years.<ref>
-{{citation |title=The Manipur State Gazette, No. 103 |publisher=Government of Manipur, by order of H. H. The Maharaja |location=Imphal |date=8 June 1949 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125717 |via=archive.org |quote=The Hon'ble Speaker to read out the Report on New Churachandpur Town as submitted by 3 Special Commissioners deputed by the Assembly.}}
-</ref>
-After Manipur's merger with India, the subdivision structure was reinstated, including a Churachandpur Subdivision based at New Churachandpur.<ref>
-{{citation |title=Manipur Gazette |publisher=Government of Manipur |location=Imphal |date=1950 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125706 |via=archive.org |at=No. 21, January 25, 1950, pp. 1–3}}
-</ref> In 1969, the subdivision was converted into a district, first under the name "Manipur South" and later in 1983, as the "Churachandpur district".{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011|p=38}}
+Churachandpur district which was previously known as Manipur South District came into existence in the year 1969 alongwith the district reorganization of Manipur. Manipur was till then a single district Union Territory having only 10 Sub-Divisions. By an order of Manipur Government No. 20/39/69-D dated 12th November,1969, Manipur was divided into 5 districts having 25 Sub-Divisions. Under the said notification, the Churachandpur Sub-Division alongwith 15 hill villages of Jiribam Sub-Division were transferred to form Manipur South District. The District was further divided into 5 sub-divisions, namely, Tipaimukh, Thanlon, Churachandpur North, Churachandpur and Thinghat (presently known as Singngat). Since then there have been some minor territorial changes in the jurisdiction of the district. In 1972, 14 hill villages belonging to Jiribam sub-division of Manipur Central District (now Imphal district) were added to the administrative and revenue jurisdiction of Tipaimukh sub-division of the district. During 1981 and 1991 the district lost two hill villages belonging to Churachandpur sub-division. These hill villages were already lying within the geographical jurisdiction of Bishnupur district and the transfer to these villages to Bishnupur district was made in 1985 for administrative conveniences. During the intervening period the name of the district had also been changed Manipur South District to Churachandpur district vide Revenue Department’s Order No.43/2/81-R(Pt) dated 15.07.1983.
-The Churachandpur town, which was the third biggest town in Manipur in 1971, was "denotified" in 1988 upon the recommendation of the Hill Areas Committee, and its area was placed under the Churachandpur Autonomous District Council. The 1991 census listed it as a Census Town in 1991, but the practice has since been discontinued. The whole area is considered "rural" for administrative purposes despite having clear urban characteristics.{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2001|p=6}} The 2011 census lists three census towns in the region, viz., Rengkai, Zenhang Lamka, and Hill Town (Hiangtam Lamka).{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011|p=34}}
+(Source: District Census Handbook-Churachandpur, 2011)
-The local people are said to have always used the name "Lamka" for the town in preference to "Churachandpur".<ref>
-{{citation |editor1=Paromita Das |editor2=Charu Joshi |editor3=G. P. Pandey |title=Problems and Perspectives of the Relationship between the Media and Human Rights |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |year=2017 |isbn=9781443878326 |at=p. 120, note 11 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ExVUDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA120}}
-</ref>
-With the rise of ethnic tensions during the [[2023 Manipur violence]], the [[Kuki-Zo people]] have increasingly spurned the name "Churachandpur".<ref name="IE Lamka">
-{{citation |author=Sukrit Baruah |title=Amid ongoing violence, why there is an open challenge to the name of Manipur’s Churachandpur |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=10 July 2023 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/manipur-churachandpur-lamka-kuki-zomi-meitei-history-8820659/}}
-</ref>
-== Demographics ==
-The population of the Churachandpur Town is approximately 120,000 people.<ref name="Guite"/> The majority of the population consists of [[Kuki-Zo people]], with the dominant segment being the [[Paite people|Paite]] tribe. The [[Paite language]] is considered the ''lingua franca'' of the town.{{sfnp|Guite & Vualzong, Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur|2018|p=334}}
+PRESENT DAY:-
-The town also contains 18 villages (neighbourhoods) with [[Meitei people|Meitei]] populations, totalling approximately 8,350 people. Almost all the Meitei were internally displaced during the [[2023–2024 Manipur violence]].<ref>
-[https://www.ifp.co.in/ifp-breaking-point/we-were-running-for-our-lives ‘We were running for our lives’], Imphal Free Press, 15 September 2023.
-</ref>
+Now Churachanpur has lot of Kasubi And kasuba has is migrated from Imaginary land known as kuki- land.
== See also ==
' |
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0 => 'The district of Churachandpur derives its name from the town of Churachandpur after Sir Churachand Singh, K.C.S.I.,C.B.S. the Maharaja of Manipur. It lies on the south-western part of Manipur between 24.0 N and 24.3 N latitutde and 93.15 E and 94.0 E longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Tamenglong District, on the east by the districts of Imphal and Chandel, on the south by Myanmar (Burma) and Mizoram and on the west by the State of Mizoram and Assam. The average altitude of the district is 914.0 metres above the mean sea level. The area of the district as furnished by the Surveyor General of India is 4570.0 sq.km.',
1 => 'The district of Churachandpur derives its name from the town of Churachandpur after Sir Churachand Singh, K.C.S.I.,C.B.S. the Maharaja of Manipur. It lies on the south-western part of Manipur between 24.0 N and 24.3 N latitutde and 93.15 E and 94.0 E longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Tamenglong District, on the east by the districts of Imphal and Chandel, on the south by Myanmar (Burma) and Mizoram and on the west by the State of Mizoram and Assam. The average altitude of the district is 914.0 metres above the mean sea level. The area of the district as furnished by the Surveyor General of India is 4570.0 sq.km.',
2 => 'Churachandpur district which was previously known as Manipur South District came into existence in the year 1969 alongwith the district reorganization of Manipur. Manipur was till then a single district Union Territory having only 10 Sub-Divisions. By an order of Manipur Government No. 20/39/69-D dated 12th November,1969, Manipur was divided into 5 districts having 25 Sub-Divisions. Under the said notification, the Churachandpur Sub-Division alongwith 15 hill villages of Jiribam Sub-Division were transferred to form Manipur South District. The District was further divided into 5 sub-divisions, namely, Tipaimukh, Thanlon, Churachandpur North, Churachandpur and Thinghat (presently known as Singngat). Since then there have been some minor territorial changes in the jurisdiction of the district. In 1972, 14 hill villages belonging to Jiribam sub-division of Manipur Central District (now Imphal district) were added to the administrative and revenue jurisdiction of Tipaimukh sub-division of the district. During 1981 and 1991 the district lost two hill villages belonging to Churachandpur sub-division. These hill villages were already lying within the geographical jurisdiction of Bishnupur district and the transfer to these villages to Bishnupur district was made in 1985 for administrative conveniences. During the intervening period the name of the district had also been changed Manipur South District to Churachandpur district vide Revenue Department’s Order No.43/2/81-R(Pt) dated 15.07.1983.',
3 => '(Source: District Census Handbook-Churachandpur, 2011)',
4 => 'PRESENT DAY:-',
5 => 'Now Churachanpur has lot of Kasubi And kasuba has is migrated from Imaginary land known as kuki- land.'
] |
Lines removed in edit (removed_lines) | [
0 => ''''Churachandpur''' ([[International phonetic alphabet|IPA]]: ''/tʃʊRVːˌtʃaːnɗpʊr/),'' locally known as '''Lamka''' is the second largest town in the Indian state of [[Manipur]] and the district headquarters of the [[Churachandpur District]].<ref name="IE Lamka"/><ref name="Guite">',
1 => '{{Cite news |last=Guite |first=Paojakhup |title=Churachandpur (Lamka) Town: The Unplanned Growth of Urbanisation and its Civic Management Systems |newspaper=Imphal Times |date=12 July 2022 |url=https://www.imphaltimes.com/it-articles/item/23246-churachandpur-lamka-town-the-unplanned-growth-of-urbanisation-and-its-civic-management-systems}}',
2 => '</ref> The name "Churachandpur" was transferred from the earlier headquarters of the district at '''Songpi''' to the present location,{{Efn|It was referred to as "New Churachandpur" during the 1950s and 1960s.}} and honours [[Churachand Singh]], former maharaja of the [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur princely state]]. The local people reject the name as a colonial imposition and prefer using the native name "Lamka".<ref name="IE Lamka" /> ',
3 => '',
4 => 'Churachandpur is not a statutory town and does not have a municipality. It is governed by the Autonomous District Council of the Churachandpur district.',
5 => 'The Churachandpur town is in the valley of [[Khuga River]] (called "Lamka plain"),<ref name="Pau"/> which flows north from the southern border of the state towards the [[Imphal Valley]]. The town is at the intersection of two roads: the [[Tedim Road]], which runs from the Manipur state capital [[Imphal]] to the [[Tedim|Tedim Town]] in the [[Chin State]] of Myanmar, and the Tipaimukh road that goes to [[Tipaimukh]] in the southwest corner of the state and continues on to [[Mizoram]]. The junction of the two roads is called "Lamka" in [[Kuki-Chin languages|Kuki-Chiin languages]]. At present, the northern portion of the Tedim Road and the Tipaimukh Road make up the [[National Highway 2 (India)|National Highway 2]], connecting the states of [[Assam]], [[Nagaland]], Manipur and [[Mizoram]]. In addition to these roads, the road to [[Sugnu]] via the Tuineng valley also leaves from the Churachandpur town.',
6 => '',
7 => 'Churachandpur is a sprawling urban agglomeration, said to be the second largest town in Manipur.<ref name="IE Lamka"/> However it is not a statutory town and does not have a municipality. The region is divided into multiple villages and towns, under the supervision of the Autonomous District Council of the Churachandpur District.<ref name="Guite"/> Notable among the towns are '''Hiangtam Lamka''', west of Tedim Road, '''Zenhang Lamka''', east of Tedim Road, and [[Rengkai]] to the southeast. ',
8 => '',
9 => '== History ==',
10 => '=== Songpi ===',
11 => 'The name "Chura Chandpur" was originally given to the village of Songpi ({{coord|24.3344|93.6525|format=dms}}) on the road to [[Tipaimukh]] (present day [[National Highway 2 (India)|NH2]]) around the year 1920. The name was coined in honour of [[Churachand Singh]], the reigning maharaja of the [[Manipur (princely state)|Manipur princely state]] at that time. The Khuga river valley, the present site of Churachandpur was forested and mostly uninhabited at that time.<ref>',
12 => '[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-181831961-imphal-83-h-1944.jpg Survey of India mapsheet 83-H (Burma and India)], 1944 (Surveyed 1922–24).',
13 => '</ref>',
14 => '',
15 => 'During the [[Kuki Rebellion of 1917-1919]], the chief of Songpi, Semthong Haokip, refrained from taking part in the rebellion and was regarded as a "friendly" chief by the British.{{sfnp|Guite, Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet|2019|p=55}}{{sfnp|Haokip, Breaking the Sprit of the Kukis|2019|p=115}} Songpi was also at a strategic height overlooking the valley leading to the [[Thangjing Hill]], and used as the location of an [[Assam Rifles]] post.<ref>{{citation |title=History of the Assam Rifles |first=Colonel L. W. |last=Shakespear |publisher=Macmillan And Co |location=London |year=1929 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2395 |via=archive.org |pages=203–204, 235}}</ref> After the rebellion, the British Raj decided to set up four subdivisions for the hill areas, one of which, the South-West Subdivision, was headquartered at Songpi.{{efn|A "sub-division" in the British system was a smaller unit of administration than a district, but often larger than native units of administration such as [[tehsil]] or taluka, which were styled "circles". The whole of Manipur was a single district under the British Raj. Four sub-divisions for hill regions were created in 1919. Other than Churachandpur, there was a North-West Sub-division headquartered at [[Tamenglong]], a North-East Sub-division headquartered at [[Ukhrul]], and a fourth sub-division headquartered at Imphal that covered the remaining areas (extreme north and the south-east).<ref name="Singh Christian Missions"/>}} B. C. Gasper was appointed as the subvidivisional officer. In 1921, Gasper organised a feast to welcome back the labour corps workers that returned from [[World War I]], to which Maharaja Churachand Singh was invited. It was decided on that occasion to give the name "Churachandpur" to the Songpi village.<ref name="IE Lamka" /><ref name="Gangte">',
16 => 'T. Dongzakai Gangte, [https://zogam.com/articles/articles-i/general-articles/3026-a-brief-history-of-churachandpur.html A brief history of Churachandpur], Churachandpur District magazine, 2008. (via Zogam.com, 22 July 2009).',
17 => '</ref> In due course, the subdivision headquartered here also came to be known as the "Churachandpur Subdivision".<ref name="Singh Christian Missions">',
18 => '{{citation |last=Singh |first=K. M. |title=History of the Christian Missions in Manipur and Neighbouring States |publisher=Mittal Publications |year=1991 |isbn=81-7099-285-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofchristi0000sing |via=archive.org |page=161}}',
19 => '</ref>{{sfnp|Chishti, Political Development in Manipur|1979|p=45}}',
20 => 'In 1930, the Sub-Divisional Officers (S.D.O.'s) were withdrawn due to dearth of staff and the subdivision was administered directly from Imphal. The Songpi/Churachandpur office fell into disuse.{{sfnp|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985|pp=158–159}}{{efn|While two other subdivision offices, at Ukhrul and Tamenglong, were reopened due to disturbances, Churachandpur remained closed.{{sfnp|Ibochou Singh|British administration in Manipur|1985|pp=159–160}}}}',
21 => '',
22 => '=== Churachandpur ===',
23 => 'The Khuga River Valley, the location of the present-day Churachandpur Town, was forested and mostly uninhabited at the time of the Kuki Rebellion. However, it was used for grazing [[gayal|mithuns]] (also called ''metna''), of which the chief of [[Ukha, Manipur|Ukha]], was the largest owner in the area.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=177}} Prior to the Kuki Rebellion, the British had also allowed some number of Nepali ex-servicemen to settle in the valley and use it for grazing cattle.{{sfnp|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=160}} The destruction caused by the cattle to the crops of the Kuki people in the surrounding areas was considered a significant grievance causing antipathy towards the British administration.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=176}} The Nepalis were however loyal to the British, paid regular taxes, and also supplied ''[[ghee]]'' to the British troops.{{sfnp|Ningmuanching, Rethinking the history of Anglo-Kuki War|2019|pp=176–177}} One of the first events of the Kuki Rebellion was to raid the Nepali graziers of the Khuga Valley on 28 December 2017, which was carried out by Thadous and Zous jointly.{{sfnp|Zou, Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War|2019|p=160}}',
24 => '',
25 => 'Also during the rebellion, the British constructed a road to [[Hiangtam]] in the southern part of the subdivision, which branched off the Tipaimukh road at a location that came to be called "Lamka". ("Lamka" means junction in Kuki-Chin languages.) The original location was called "Hiangtam Lamka" and became the site of a new village.<ref name="IE Lamka"/>{{efn|"Lamka" means "crossroads" in the Kuki languages. "Hiangtam Lamka" was the village at the intersection of the Tipaimukh road and the Hiangtam road (now called "Tedim Road").<ref name="IE Lamka"/>}} Another village called "Zenhang Lamka" was established to the east of the Hiangtam Road and the two villages together were referred to as "Lamka".<ref name="IE Lamka"/> Eventually the whole plain in the Khuga River valley acquired the name "Lamka plain".<ref name="Pau">',
26 => '{{citation |last=Pau |first=Pum Khan |title=Indo-Burma Frontier and the Making of the Chin Hills: Empire and Resistance |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2019 |isbn=9781000507454 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dVmnDwAAQBAJ&pg=PR12 |page=xii |quote=From a remote hill village in the Indo-Burma border, my grandparents moved to the plain of Lamka (Lamka ''zaang'') in Churachandpur District of Manipur chiefly in search of better livelihood and opportunity for the education of their children.}}',
27 => '</ref>',
28 => '',
29 => 'During the [[World War II]], the British constructed a motorable "Tedim Road" between Imphal and Tedim, extending the former Hiangtam Road. Seven decisive battles were fought along this road between the British 17 Indian Division and the Japanese 33 Division. The Japanese reached the Churachandpur area on 8 April 1944, and four battles were fought to the north of it, within Manipur, including one at [[Torbung]].<ref name="Pau Tedim Road">{{citation |first=Pum Khan |last=Pau |year=2012 |title=Tedim Road—The Strategic Road on a Frontier: A Historical Analysis |journal=Strategic Analysis |volume=36 |number=5 |pages=776-786 |doi=10.1080/09700161.2012.712387}}</ref> Eventually the Japanese were defeated at Imphal and withdrew from Manipur with heavy losses.<ref name="Pau Tedim Road" />',
30 => '=== Independent period ===',
31 => 'In 1947, on the eve of Indian independence, the British reinstated the administrative powers of the Maharaja of Manipur, who promulgated a [[Manipur State Constitution Act 1947|constitution]] establishing a legislative assembly and a ministry. The new administration decided to form [[Tehsil|circles]] for local administration, designating two of them as Churachandpur Circle and [[Thanlon]] Circle respectively. Finding that the old offices at Songpi had been reused for other purposes, in 1949, the Manipur administration decided to construct a new town of "Churachandpur" to serve as the headquarters. The town was referred to as "New Churachandpur" for a few years.<ref>',
32 => '{{citation |title=The Manipur State Gazette, No. 103 |publisher=Government of Manipur, by order of H. H. The Maharaja |location=Imphal |date=8 June 1949 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125717 |via=archive.org |quote=The Hon'ble Speaker to read out the Report on New Churachandpur Town as submitted by 3 Special Commissioners deputed by the Assembly.}}',
33 => '</ref>',
34 => 'After Manipur's merger with India, the subdivision structure was reinstated, including a Churachandpur Subdivision based at New Churachandpur.<ref>',
35 => '{{citation |title=Manipur Gazette |publisher=Government of Manipur |location=Imphal |date=1950 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.125706 |via=archive.org |at=No. 21, January 25, 1950, pp. 1–3}}',
36 => '</ref> In 1969, the subdivision was converted into a district, first under the name "Manipur South" and later in 1983, as the "Churachandpur district".{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011|p=38}}',
37 => 'The Churachandpur town, which was the third biggest town in Manipur in 1971, was "denotified" in 1988 upon the recommendation of the Hill Areas Committee, and its area was placed under the Churachandpur Autonomous District Council. The 1991 census listed it as a Census Town in 1991, but the practice has since been discontinued. The whole area is considered "rural" for administrative purposes despite having clear urban characteristics.{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2001|p=6}} The 2011 census lists three census towns in the region, viz., Rengkai, Zenhang Lamka, and Hill Town (Hiangtam Lamka).{{sfnp|Churachandpur District Census Handbook|2011|p=34}}',
38 => 'The local people are said to have always used the name "Lamka" for the town in preference to "Churachandpur".<ref>',
39 => '{{citation |editor1=Paromita Das |editor2=Charu Joshi |editor3=G. P. Pandey |title=Problems and Perspectives of the Relationship between the Media and Human Rights |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing |year=2017 |isbn=9781443878326 |at=p. 120, note 11 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ExVUDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA120}}',
40 => '</ref>',
41 => 'With the rise of ethnic tensions during the [[2023 Manipur violence]], the [[Kuki-Zo people]] have increasingly spurned the name "Churachandpur".<ref name="IE Lamka">',
42 => '{{citation |author=Sukrit Baruah |title=Amid ongoing violence, why there is an open challenge to the name of Manipur’s Churachandpur |newspaper=The Indian Express |date=10 July 2023 |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-history/manipur-churachandpur-lamka-kuki-zomi-meitei-history-8820659/}}',
43 => '</ref>',
44 => '== Demographics ==',
45 => 'The population of the Churachandpur Town is approximately 120,000 people.<ref name="Guite"/> The majority of the population consists of [[Kuki-Zo people]], with the dominant segment being the [[Paite people|Paite]] tribe. The [[Paite language]] is considered the ''lingua franca'' of the town.{{sfnp|Guite & Vualzong, Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur|2018|p=334}}',
46 => 'The town also contains 18 villages (neighbourhoods) with [[Meitei people|Meitei]] populations, totalling approximately 8,350 people. Almost all the Meitei were internally displaced during the [[2023–2024 Manipur violence]].<ref>',
47 => '[https://www.ifp.co.in/ifp-breaking-point/we-were-running-for-our-lives ‘We were running for our lives’], Imphal Free Press, 15 September 2023.',
48 => '</ref>'
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<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the municipality in Manipur, India. For the eponymous district, see <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Churachandpur_district" title="Churachandpur district">Churachandpur district</a>.</div>
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<div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Manipur, India</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237879389">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Churachandpur</div>
<div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name"><i>Bishnupr</i></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:India_Manipur_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Churachandpur is located in Manipur"><img alt="Churachandpur is located in Manipur" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/India_Manipur_location_map.svg/250px-India_Manipur_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/India_Manipur_location_map.svg/375px-India_Manipur_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/India_Manipur_location_map.svg/500px-India_Manipur_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="862" data-file-height="903" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:72.406%;left:40.782%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Churachandpur"><img alt="Churachandpur" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Churachandpur</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Manipur, India</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Manipur</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/File:India_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Churachandpur is located in India"><img alt="Churachandpur is located in India" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/India_location_map.svg/250px-India_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/India_location_map.svg/375px-India_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/India_location_map.svg/500px-India_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1615" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:40.474%;left:83.438%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Churachandpur"><img alt="Churachandpur" src="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, /upwiki/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Churachandpur</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Churachandpur (India)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of India</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Churachandpur&params=24.346_N_93.7_E_region:IN_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">24°20′46″N</span> <span class="longitude">93°42′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">24.346°N 93.70°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">24.346; 93.70</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/States_and_territories_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="States and territories of India">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_districts_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of districts of India">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Churachandpur_district" title="Churachandpur district">Churachandpur</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Namesake" title="Namesake">Named for</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Churachand_Singh" title="Churachand Singh">Churachand Singh</a>, the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Maharaja" title="Maharaja">Maharaja</a> of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipur_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipur Kingdom">Manipur Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-Guite_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guite-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">120,000</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Language(s)<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Official</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a><sup id="cite_ref-lang_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lang-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-langoff_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-langoff-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Regional</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Paite_language" title="Paite language">Paite</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thadou_language" title="Thadou language">Thadou</a> and other <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kuki-Chin-Mizo_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuki-Chin-Mizo languages">Kuki-Chin-Mizo languages</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/UTC%2B5:30" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+5:30">UTC+5:30</a> (<a href="/enwiki/wiki/Indian_Standard_Time" title="Indian Standard Time">IST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Postal_Index_Number" title="Postal Index Number">PIN</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">795128<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Telephone code</th><td class="infobox-data">03874<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">MN 02</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 300px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="300" data-zoom="14" data-overlays="["_c5c44d092b31f2aeadf0ede46cdf5619e82dfc2a"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,270x300.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Churachandpur&groups=_c5c44d092b31f2aeadf0ede46cdf5619e82dfc2a" width="270" height="300" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,270x300@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Churachandpur&groups=_c5c44d092b31f2aeadf0ede46cdf5619e82dfc2a 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>The district of Churachandpur derives its name from the town of Churachandpur after Sir Churachand Singh, K.C.S.I.,C.B.S. the Maharaja of Manipur. It lies on the south-western part of Manipur between 24.0 N and 24.3 N latitutde and 93.15 E and 94.0 E longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Tamenglong District, on the east by the districts of Imphal and Chandel, on the south by Myanmar (Burma) and Mizoram and on the west by the State of Mizoram and Assam. The average altitude of the district is 914.0 metres above the mean sea level. The area of the district as furnished by the Surveyor General of India is 4570.0 sq.km.
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Geography"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Geography</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Churachandpur&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<p>The district of Churachandpur derives its name from the town of Churachandpur after Sir Churachand Singh, K.C.S.I.,C.B.S. the Maharaja of Manipur. It lies on the south-western part of Manipur between 24.0 N and 24.3 N latitutde and 93.15 E and 94.0 E longitude. The district is bounded on the north by Tamenglong District, on the east by the districts of Imphal and Chandel, on the south by Myanmar (Burma) and Mizoram and on the west by the State of Mizoram and Assam. The average altitude of the district is 914.0 metres above the mean sea level. The area of the district as furnished by the Surveyor General of India is 4570.0 sq.km.
</p><p>Churachandpur district which was previously known as Manipur South District came into existence in the year 1969 alongwith the district reorganization of Manipur. Manipur was till then a single district Union Territory having only 10 Sub-Divisions. By an order of Manipur Government No. 20/39/69-D dated 12th November,1969, Manipur was divided into 5 districts having 25 Sub-Divisions. Under the said notification, the Churachandpur Sub-Division alongwith 15 hill villages of Jiribam Sub-Division were transferred to form Manipur South District. The District was further divided into 5 sub-divisions, namely, Tipaimukh, Thanlon, Churachandpur North, Churachandpur and Thinghat (presently known as Singngat). Since then there have been some minor territorial changes in the jurisdiction of the district. In 1972, 14 hill villages belonging to Jiribam sub-division of Manipur Central District (now Imphal district) were added to the administrative and revenue jurisdiction of Tipaimukh sub-division of the district. During 1981 and 1991 the district lost two hill villages belonging to Churachandpur sub-division. These hill villages were already lying within the geographical jurisdiction of Bishnupur district and the transfer to these villages to Bishnupur district was made in 1985 for administrative conveniences. During the intervening period the name of the district had also been changed Manipur South District to Churachandpur district vide Revenue Department’s Order No.43/2/81-R(Pt) dated 15.07.1983.
</p><p>(Source: District Census Handbook-Churachandpur, 2011)
</p><p><br />
PRESENT DAY:-
</p><p>Now Churachanpur has lot of Kasubi And kasuba has is migrated from Imaginary land known as kuki- land.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Churachandpur&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_populated_places_in_Churachandpur_district" title="List of populated places in Churachandpur district">List of populated places in Churachandpur district</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Churachandpur&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha">
<div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-lang-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lang_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei language</a> (officially known as <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipuri_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Manipuri language">Manipuri language</a>) is the official language of <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a>.</span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Churachandpur&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Guite-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guite_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: The named reference <code>Guite</code> was invoked but never defined (see the <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text">help page</a>).</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-langoff-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-langoff_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("/upwiki/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120513161847/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM47thReport.pdf">"Report of the Commissioner for linguistic minorities: 47TV report (July 2008 to June 2010)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ministry_of_Minority_Affairs" title="Ministry of Minority Affairs">Ministry of Minority Affairs</a>, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a>. p. 78. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM47thReport.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 13 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Commissioner+for+linguistic+minorities%3A+47TV+report+%28July+2008+to+June+2010%29&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=Commissioner+for+Linguistic+Minorities%2C+Ministry+of+Minority+Affairs%2C+Government+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnclm.nic.in%2Fshared%2Flinkimages%2FNCLM47thReport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIndia_Post" class="citation web cs1">India Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201116161952/https://www.indiapost.gov.in/pin/Pinsearch.aspx?Pin_On=Churachandpur">"Pincode search - Churachandpur"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiapost.gov.in/pin/Pinsearch.aspx?Pin_On=Churachandpur">the original</a> on 16 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pincode+search+-+Churachandpur&rft.au=India+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiapost.gov.in%2Fpin%2FPinsearch.aspx%3FPin_On%3DChurachandpur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBharat_Sanchar_Nigam_Ltd" class="citation web cs1">Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bsnl.co.in/searchcode.php?state=Manipur&pgno=0">"STD Codes for cities in Manipur"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STD+Codes+for+cities+in+Manipur&rft.au=Bharat+Sanchar+Nigam+Ltd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bsnl.co.in%2Fsearchcode.php%3Fstate%3DManipur%26pgno%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Churachandpur&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChurachandpur_District_Census_Handbook2001" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/4407/1/38770_2001_CHU.pdf"><i>Churachandpur District Census Handbook</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur, 2001</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Churachandpur+District+Census+Handbook&rft.pub=Directorate+of+Census+Operations%2C+Manipur&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flsi.gov.in%3A8081%2Fjspui%2Fbitstream%2F123456789%2F4407%2F1%2F38770_2001_CHU.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChurachandpur_District_Census_Handbook2011" class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/846/download/36252/DH_2011_1403_PART_A_DCHB_CHURACHANDPUR.pdf"><i>Churachandpur District Census Handbook</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Directorate of Census Operations, Manipur, 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Churachandpur+District+Census+Handbook&rft.pub=Directorate+of+Census+Operations%2C+Manipur&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcensusindia.gov.in%2Fnada%2Findex.php%2Fcatalog%2F846%2Fdownload%2F36252%2FDH_2011_1403_PART_A_DCHB_CHURACHANDPUR.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChishti,_Political_Development_in_Manipur1979" class="citation thesis cs1">Chishti, S. M. A. W. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/144521638.pdf"><i>Political Development in Manipur, 1919-1949</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (PhD thesis). Aligarh Muslim University – via core.ac.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Political+Development+in+Manipur%2C+1919-1949&rft.degree=PhD&rft.inst=Aligarh+Muslim+University&rft.date=1979&rft.aulast=Chishti&rft.aufirst=S.+M.+A.+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F144521638.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span>
<ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChishti,_Political_Development_in_Manipur2005" class="citation cs2">Chishti, S. M. A. W. (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YMcxSM_ZO30C"><i>Political Development in Manipur, 1919-1949</i></a>, Gyan Publishing House, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7835-424-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7835-424-8"><bdi>978-81-7835-424-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Development+in+Manipur%2C+1919-1949&rft.pub=Gyan+Publishing+House&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-81-7835-424-8&rft.aulast=Chishti&rft.aufirst=S.+M.+A.+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYMcxSM_ZO30C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuite_&_Haokip,_The_Anglo-Kuki_War2019" class="citation cs2">Jangkhomang Guite; Thongkholal Haokip, eds. (2019), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ"><i>The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919: A Frontier Uprising against Imperialism during World War I</i></a>, Routledge, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3"><bdi>978-1-138-50704-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Kuki+War%2C+1917%E2%80%931919%3A+A+Frontier+Uprising+against+Imperialism+during+World+War+I&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-138-50704-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DALJqDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span>
<ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuite,_Fighting_the_White_Men_till_the_Last_Bullet2019" class="citation cs2">Guite, Jangkhomang (2019), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA37">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Fighting the White Men till the Last Bullet': The general course of the Anglo-Kuki War"</a>, in Jangkhomang Guite; Thongkholal Haokip (eds.), <i>The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919</i>, Routledge, pp. 37–, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3"><bdi>978-1-138-50704-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27Fighting+the+White+Men+till+the+Last+Bullet%27%3A+The+general+course+of+the+Anglo-Kuki+War&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Kuki+War%2C+1917%E2%80%931919&rft.pages=37-&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-138-50704-3&rft.aulast=Guite&rft.aufirst=Jangkhomang&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DALJqDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaokip,_Breaking_the_Sprit_of_the_Kukis2019" class="citation cs2">Haokip, Thongkholal (2019), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA93">"Breaking the Spirit of the Kukis: Launching the 'largest series of military operations' in the northeastern frontier of India"</a>, in Jangkhomang Guite; Thongkholal Haokip (eds.), <i>The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919</i>, Routledge, pp. 93–, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3"><bdi>978-1-138-50704-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Breaking+the+Spirit+of+the+Kukis%3A+Launching+the+%E2%80%98largest+series+of+military+operations%E2%80%99+in+the+northeastern+frontier+of+India&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Kuki+War%2C+1917%E2%80%931919&rft.pages=93-&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-138-50704-3&rft.aulast=Haokip&rft.aufirst=Thongkholal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DALJqDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA93&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNingmuanching,_Rethinking_the_history_of_Anglo-Kuki_War2019" class="citation cs2">Ningmuanching (2019), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA168">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'As Men of One Country': Rethinking the history of the Anglo-Kuki War"</a>, in Jangkhomang Guite; Thongkholal Haokip (eds.), <i>The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919</i>, Routledge, pp. 168–197, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3"><bdi>978-1-138-50704-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%27As+Men+of+One+Country%27%3A+Rethinking+the+history+of+the+Anglo-Kuki+War&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Kuki+War%2C+1917%E2%80%931919&rft.pages=168-197&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-138-50704-3&rft.au=Ningmuanching&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DALJqDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA168&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZou,_Patriots_and_Utilitarians_in_the_Anglo-Kuki_War2019" class="citation cs2">Zou, David Vumlallian (2019), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ALJqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA157">"Patriots and Utilitarians in the Anglo-Kuki War"</a>, in Jangkhomang Guite; Thongkholal Haokip (eds.), <i>The Anglo-Kuki War, 1917–1919</i>, Routledge, pp. 168–197, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-138-50704-3"><bdi>978-1-138-50704-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Patriots+and+Utilitarians+in+the+Anglo-Kuki+War&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Kuki+War%2C+1917%E2%80%931919&rft.pages=168-197&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-138-50704-3&rft.aulast=Zou&rft.aufirst=David+Vumlallian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DALJqDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuite_&_Vualzong,_Paitei_Tribe_of_Churachandpur2018" class="citation cs2">Guite, M. Pauminsang; Vualzong, Langthianmung (2018), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_ypgDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA331">"Community Resilience Building and the Role of Paitei Tribe of Churachandpur in Manipur"</a>, in Amita Singh; Milap Punia; Nivedita P. Haran; Thiyam Bharat Singh (eds.), <i>Development and Disaster Management: A Study of the Northeastern States of India</i>, Springer, pp. 331–348, <a href="/enwiki/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789811084850" title="Special:BookSources/9789811084850"><bdi>9789811084850</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Community+Resilience+Building+and+the+Role+of+Paitei+Tribe+of+Churachandpur+in+Manipur&rft.btitle=Development+and+Disaster+Management%3A+A+Study+of+the+Northeastern+States+of+India&rft.pages=331-348&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9789811084850&rft.aulast=Guite&rft.aufirst=M.+Pauminsang&rft.au=Vualzong%2C+Langthianmung&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_ypgDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA331&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbochou_SinghBritish_administration_in_Manipur1985" class="citation thesis cs1">Ibochou Singh, Khwairakpam (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/66697"><i>British administration in Manipur 1891–1947</i></a> (PhD thesis). Gauhati University – via Shodhganga.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=British+administration+in+Manipur+1891%E2%80%931947&rft.degree=PhD&rft.inst=Gauhati+University&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Ibochou+Singh&rft.aufirst=Khwairakpam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in%2Fhandle%2F10603%2F66697&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Churachandpur&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div>
<ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVualzong2015" class="citation web cs1">Vualzong, Ginza (29 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zogam.com/articles/articles-i/general-articles/3022-the-story-behind-songpi-churachandpur-and-lamka.html">"The Story Behind Songpi, Churachandpur and Lamka"</a>. <i>www.zogam.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.zogam.com&rft.atitle=The+Story+Behind+Songpi%2C+Churachandpur+and+Lamka&rft.date=2015-03-29&rft.aulast=Vualzong&rft.aufirst=Ginza&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zogam.com%2Farticles%2Farticles-i%2Fgeneral-articles%2F3022-the-story-behind-songpi-churachandpur-and-lamka.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChurachandpur" class="Z3988"></span></li>
<li>Gangte, Thangzam (undated) <i>Churachandpur Chanchin</i> (An Account of Churachandpur)</li>
<li>Ginsum, H (undated) <i>Lamka Vangkhua</i> (Lamka Town).</li>
<li>Kamkhenthang, Dr. H (1995) "Lamka Town vis-a-vis Churachandpur", <i>Shan</i> (daily), 21 December.</li>
<li>Kamkhenthang (1998) "Lamka (Churachandpur)" in B.D. Ray, A.K. Neog & H.K. Mazhari (eds.) <i>Urban Development in North-East India : Potentiality and Problems</i>, New Delhi: Vedams Books.</li>
<li>Manipur State Archives, Imphal: <i>Manipur State Durbar 1907–1947</i> – Papers related to the Court of the President of Manipur State Durbar, Hill Misc. Case No. 28 of 1945–46, Phungkhothang Chief of Hiangtam Lamka; also Misc Case No. 504 of 1934 Phungkhothang Chief of Hiangtam Lamka.</li></ul>
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title="Manipur">Manipur</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_state_and_union_territory_capitals_in_India" title="List of state and union territory capitals in India">Capital</a>: <b><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Imphal" title="Imphal">Imphal</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_symbols" title="List of Indian state symbols">State symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_emblems" title="List of Indian state emblems">Emblem</a>: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Emblem_of_Manipur" title="Emblem of Manipur">Emblem of Manipur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_anthems" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indian state anthems">Anthem</a>: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sana_Leibak_Manipur" title="Sana Leibak Manipur">Sana Leibak Manipur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_animals" title="List of Indian state animals">Animal</a>: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sangai" title="Sangai">Sangai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_birds" title="List of Indian state birds">Bird</a>: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mrs._Hume%27s_pheasant" title="Mrs. Hume's pheasant">Mrs. Hume's pheasant (Nongyeen)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_flowers" title="List of Indian state flowers">Flower</a>: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lilium_mackliniae" title="Lilium mackliniae">Shirui Lily</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_Indian_state_trees" title="List of Indian state trees">Tree</a>: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phoebe_hainesiana" title="Phoebe hainesiana">Uningthou</a></li>
<li>Fish: <a href="/enwiki/wiki/Osteobrama_belangeri" title="Osteobrama belangeri">Pengba</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Category:Manipur" title="Category:Manipur">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipuri_cuisine" title="Manipuri cuisine">Cuisine</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipuri_dance" title="Manipuri dance">Dance</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Government_of_Manipur" title="Government of Manipur">Government</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/History_of_Manipur" title="History of Manipur">History</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Music_of_Manipur" title="Music of Manipur">Music</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Meitei_people" title="Meitei people">People</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Meitei_language" title="Meitei language">Meitei</a> (officially known as Manipuri)</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Public_administration" title="Public administration">Administration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Government_of_Manipur" title="Government of Manipur">Government</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipur_Legislative_Assembly" title="Manipur Legislative Assembly">Legislative Assembly</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_Manipur" title="List of chief ministers of Manipur">Chief Ministers</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Manipur" title="List of governors of Manipur">Governors</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipur_High_Court" title="Manipur High Court">High Court</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipur_Police" title="Manipur Police">Police</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Political_parties_in_Manipur" title="Political parties in Manipur">Political Party</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Manipur" title="List of districts of Manipur">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bishnupur_district" title="Bishnupur district">Bishnupur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chandel_district" title="Chandel district">Chandel</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Churachandpur_district" title="Churachandpur district">Churachandpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Imphal_East_district" title="Imphal East district">Imphal East</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Imphal_West_district" title="Imphal West district">Imphal West</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jiribam_district" title="Jiribam district">Jiribam</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kakching_district" title="Kakching district">Kakching</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Kamjong_distirict&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamjong distirict (page does not exist)">Kamjong</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kangpokpi_district" title="Kangpokpi district">Kangpokpi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Noney_district" title="Noney district">Noney</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pherzawl_district" title="Pherzawl district">Pherzawl</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Senapati_district" title="Senapati district">Senapati</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tamenglong_district" title="Tamenglong district">Tamenglong</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tengnoupal_district" title="Tengnoupal district">Tengnoupal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thoubal_district" title="Thoubal district">Thoubal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ukhrul_district" title="Ukhrul district">Ukhrul</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Municipal corporation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Imphal" title="Imphal">Imphal</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Municipalities" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipalities">Municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Bishnupur,_Manipur" title="Bishnupur, Manipur">Bishnupur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nambol" title="Nambol">Nambol</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Moirang" title="Moirang">Moirang</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ningthoukhong" title="Ningthoukhong">Ningthoukhong</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kumbi" title="Kumbi">Kumbi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kwakta" title="Kwakta">Kwakta</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thoubal" title="Thoubal">Thoubal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wangjing,_Manipur" title="Wangjing, Manipur">Wangjing Lamding</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lilong_(Thoubal)" title="Lilong (Thoubal)">Lilong</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kakching" title="Kakching">Kakching</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kakching_Khunou" title="Kakching Khunou">Kakching Khunou</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sugnu" title="Sugnu">Sugnu</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Wangoi" title="Wangoi">Wangoi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Mayang_Imphal" title="Mayang Imphal">Mayang Imphal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lamlai" title="Lamlai">Lamlai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jiribam" title="Jiribam">Jiribam</a></li></ul>
<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Proposed" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Proposed" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Ukhrul" title="Ukhrul">Ukhrul</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tamenglong" title="Tamenglong">Tamenglong</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Churachandpur</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kangpokpi" title="Kangpokpi">Kangpokpi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Moreh,_India" title="Moreh, India">Moreh</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Town councils</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Senapati,_Manipur" title="Senapati, Manipur">Senapati</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chandel,_Manipur" title="Chandel, Manipur">Chandel</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tengnoupal" title="Tengnoupal">Tengnoupal</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Noney" title="Noney">Longmai (Noney)</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Kamjong" title="Kamjong">Kamjong</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Pherzawl" title="Pherzawl">Pherzawl</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Andro,_Imphal_East" title="Andro, Imphal East">Andro</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Patsoi" title="Patsoi">Patsoi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Samurou" title="Samurou">Samurou</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Thongkhong_Laxmi_Bazar" title="Thongkhong Laxmi Bazar">Thongkhong Laxmi Bazar</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lamsang" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamsang">Lamsang</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Sekmai" title="Sekmai">Sekmai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Hiyangthang" title="Hiyangthang">Hiyangthang</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Lilong_Chajing" class="mw-redirect" title="Lilong Chajing">Lilong Chajing</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Heirok" title="Heirok">Heirok</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Oinam" title="Oinam">Oinam</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor townships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chakpikarong" title="Chakpikarong">Chakpikarong</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tamei_Assembly_constituency" title="Tamei Assembly constituency">Tamei</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Nungba" title="Nungba">Nungba</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tuibong" title="Tuibong">Tuibong</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Singngat" title="Singngat">Singngat</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Chingai" title="Chingai">Chingai</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Jessami" title="Jessami">Jessami</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Phungyar" title="Phungyar">Phungyar</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Purul" title="Purul">Purul</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Tadubi" title="Tadubi">Tadubi</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Saikul" title="Saikul">Saikul</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/All_Manipur_Football_Association" title="All Manipur Football Association">All Manipur Football Association</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipur_Cricket_Association" title="Manipur Cricket Association">Manipur Cricket Association</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Manipur_State_League" title="Manipur State League">Manipur State League</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/North_Imphal_Sporting_Association" title="North Imphal Sporting Association">North Imphal Sporting Association</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Khong_kangjei" title="Khong kangjei">Khong kangjei</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Khuman_Lampak_Main_Stadium" title="Khuman Lampak Main Stadium">Khuman Lampak Main Stadium</a></li>
<li><a href="/enwiki/wiki/Luwangpokpa_Cricket_Stadium" title="Luwangpokpa Cricket Stadium">Luwangpokpa Cricket Stadium</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp) | '1728019665' |