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'{{Short description|Indian Railway freight class electric locomotive}} {{Use Indian English|date=May 2019}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}} {{More citations needed|date=July 2024}} {{Infobox locomotive | name = WAG-9 | image = WAG9HC.jpg | caption = CLW made WAG-9HC #39447 at Dankuni yard. | powertype = Electric | designer = | builder = * [[Chittaranjan Locomotive Works]],<br/> * [[Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited]], * [[Banaras Locomotive Works]], <br> * [[Patiala Locomotive Works]] | serialnumber = | builddate = 1995-present | length = {{convert|20.562|m|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}} | width = {{convert|3.152|m|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}} | height = {{convert|4.525|m|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}} | totalproduction = 5641 as of November 2024 | gauge = {{RailGauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} | bogies = [[Adtranz]] Fabricated [[Flexicoil]] IV | wheeldiameter = New: {{convert|1092|mm|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}},<br/>Half worn: {{convert|1054|mm|ftin|abbr=on|frac=8}}<br />Full worn: {{convert|1016|mm|ftin|0|abbr=on}} | wheelbase = {{convert|15.7|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | uicclass = Co′Co′ | axleload = WAG-9 : {{convert|20.5|t}} WAG-9H/Hi/9i : {{convert|22.0|t}} | locobrakes = [[Railway air brake|Air]] and [[Regenerative brake|Regenerative]] | trainbrakes = [[Railway air brake|Air]] | safety = Slip/slide control, Main overload relay, Over voltage relay, No volt protection, Vigilance Control Device, Fire Detection Equipment, Fire Extinguishers and Earth fault relay | electricsystem = {{25 kV 50 Hz}} [[Overhead line|Overhead]] | collectionmethod = dual [[pantograph (rail)|pantographs]] | multipleworking = 2 | poweroutput = WAG-9 Original : {{convert|6120|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} WAG-9HC : {{convert|6120|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} WAG-9HH/EF9K : {{convert|9000|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} WAG-9TWIN/EF12K : {{convert|12000|hp|kW|0|abbr=on}} | maxspeed = {{convert|100|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} | locoweight = WAG-9 : {{convert|123|t}} WAG-9H/9Hi/9i/9HH : {{convert|132|t}} WAG-9TWIN/EF12K: {{convert|264|t}} | tractionmotors = WAG-9/9H/9i : [[Adtranz]] 6FRA6068 | tractiveeffort = WAG-9 Starting Effort : {{convert|475|kN|abbr=on}}<br /> WAG-9H/HH Starting Effort : {{convert|510|kN|abbr=on}} <br /> WAG-9TWIN Starting Effort:{{convert|1040|kN|abbr=on}} <br /> | operator = [[Indian Railways]] | fleetnumbers = Starting from * '''31000-31999''', '''32000-32999''', '''33000-33999''', '''38000+''' & '''51001+''' [[Chittaranjan Locomotive Works|CLW]] * '''34001+''' [[Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited|BHEL]] * '''41000-41500''' & '''43000+''' [[Banaras Locomotive Works|BLW]] * '''41501+''' [[Patiala Locomotive Works|PLW]] | locale = All Over [[India]] | disposition = Active }} The '''Indian locomotive class WAG-9''' is a class of 25 [[Volt|kV]] [[Alternating current|AC]] [[electric locomotive]]s that was developed in 1995 by [[ABB]] for [[Indian Railways]]. The model name stands for [[5 ft 6 in gauge railway|broad gauge (W)]], AC Current (A), Goods traffic (G), 9th generation (9) locomotive. They entered service in 1996. A total of 5140 WAG-9 have been built at [[Chittaranjan Locomotive Works]] (CLW), with more units being built at [[Banaras Locomotive Works]] (BLW), [[Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited]] (BHEL) and [[Diesel-Loco Modernisation Works|Patiala Locomotive Works]] (PLW). It was the most powerful freight locomotive in the [[Indian Railways]] fleet until the introduction of the [[Indian locomotive class WAG-12|WAG-12]]. The WAG-9 is one of the most successful locomotives of Indian Railways,{{Peacock inline|date=August 2024}} serving freight trains since its introduction in 1995. A passenger variant of the WAG-9 was developed, namely the [[Indian locomotive class WAP-7|WAP-7]] locomotive, by modifying the [[gear ratio]] to pull lighter loads at higher speeds. Nowadays,{{When|date=July 2024}} WAG-9 locomotives are commonly used to haul freight trains. == Introduction == The WAG-9 [[locomotive]] is referred to as the "Heavy Haul" freight locomotive of the Indian Railways (IR). It was conceived in response to the extreme growth in the rail freight transportation sector, which is considered to be of great importance to the growth of the [[economy of India]]. The need for more [[electrification]] and electric locomotives in India had increased. Around 60-65% of the freight haulage of the IR takes place on the electrified section of the Golden Quadrilateral (Indian Railways) and diagonals (which account for 25% of the route). These are very busy routes, so clearance is a necessity. Electrical powers give it a great sectional clearance ability. Thus, these locomotives are important for the Indian Railways. These locomotives have entered the [[Western Railway zone]] of [[Mumbai]]. The first 22 units were imported from [[ABB]]. Of these, the first six were fully assembled and rest were in kit form. CLW started producing of WAG-9 traction motors on 1 November 1999. The units built by ABB have [[Pantograph (transport)|pantographs]] with two end horns while the CLW built units have pantographs with single end horns which are common in India. This class had a capacity to MU several units, but IR restricts them to two, because of dynamic loading restriction on most bridges. Regenerative brakes provide about 260&nbsp;kN of braking effort. The WAG-9H also has different application software than the WAG-9. The first WAG-9H was commissioned on 30 June 2000. The #30130 prototype was housed at [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Gomoh railway station|Gomoh]] (GMO). This was then converted back to standard WAG-9 in 2002. This unit has a livery of twin white stripes on green, instead of yellow stripe on green, seen on the other WAG-9(x)s. The WAG-9i was introduced in 2010, and was No. 31215. It was homed at the GMO shed. With IGBT, even if one traction motor failed, other traction motors can function with a total output of 5500&nbsp;hp. Newer WAG-9 units have "CLW Glorious 60 years" marked on their sides. Some WAG-9(x)s are fitted with a solid cowcatcher while others are fitted with grilled cowcatchers. Some have American style flasher lamps while others have Indian style flasher lamps.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://elocos.railnet.gov.in/Study_Material/TSD_3Ph.pdf.|title=Study Material |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website= |publisher= |access-date= |quote=}}</ref> Newer versions of the WAG-9 feature full [[Insulated-gate bipolar transistor]] (IGBT) traction control; the debut model was the ''WAG-9 31248''. The class as a whole is denoted by the WAG-9i prefix in its model number, although there is a technical variant of this class named WAG-9H, with the "H" meaning "Heavy". The WAG-9H/9Hi locomotives are the second heaviest in regular service in India (after the [[Indian locomotive class WAG-12|WAG-12]]), the only freight-dedicated three-phase AC locomotives in the country, and the only electric locomotives in India fitted with IGBT. They are also the freight locomotives with the highest operational speed in India. It is similar to the [[Indian locomotive class WAP-7|WAP-7]] class locomotive but features a different [[gear ratio]], which makes it suitable for heavy freight operations. In November 1998, the [[Chittaranjan Locomotive Works]] (CLW) started producing these with indigenous components. The first of which, named Navyug (New Era), was produced on 14 November 1998. Like the [[Indian Locomotive Class WAP-5|WAP-5 units]], the WAG-9 has GTO [[thyristor]] converters and three-phase asynchronous motors. ==Variants== {{No sources section|date=July 2024}} The following variants are built from the WAG-9: * WAG-9: Original version. * WAG-9H: Heavy version with additional ballast, total weight: 132 t. * WAG-9i: Version with [[Insulated-gate bipolar transistor|IGBT]] Technology. * WAG-9Hi: Version with additional ballast and [[Insulated-gate bipolar transistor|IGBT]] Technology. * WAG-9HC: Heavy version with brake rigging. * EF9K/WAG-9HH: Heavy Version with 9000 HP * EF12K/WAG-9 Twins: A 12000&nbsp;hp variant developed by CLW to equal [[WAG-12]] horsepower. == Operations == [[File:Wag-9 Locomotive at Vangaon Railway station.jpg|thumb|WAG-9 Locomotive at Vangaon Railway station, pulling an automobile carrier rake.]] [[File:Bhilai_EF12K_(WAG-9_Twins)_on_duty..jpg|thumb|Bhilai EF12K (WAG-9 Twins) on duty]] [[File:EF9K_Locomotive_"Nava_Utkarsh"_on_duty..jpg|thumb|Tughlakabad EF9K (WAG-9HH) "Nava Utkarsh" on duty.]] WAG-9 has quickly become one of the important locos in the Indian railways. With its higher power, this locomotive has replaced WAG-7 which was the main electric loco before WAG-9's arrival. Applications where twin WAG-7s were required are now handled by a single WAG-9. This includes both leading a long consist and for banking operations. The regenerative braking capabilities of WAG-9 has also helped reduce the electricity consumption. The original WAG-9 had some wheel slippage incidents while hauling heavy load. This was rectified through the introduction of WAG-9H and subsequently using WAG-9i. This has significantly reduced the issue that were associated with the original version. Nowadays, it is quite common to see special passenger trains hauled by WAG-9 locomotives. [[File:New_Katni_Jn._WAG-9HC_hauling_13513_Asansol-Hatia_Express.webp|thumb|New Katni Jn. WAG-9HC hauling Asansol-Hatia Express]] Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) turned out its first 9,000 hp WAG-9 freight locomotive on 31 March 2019, the last day of the financial year. This 9,000&nbsp;hp version of the WAG-9H has been classified by IR as WAG-9 HH. The first H stands for higher axle load and the second H stands for the higher power rating. The class has been allocated a block of serial numbers starting with 90001, the number of the first unit. The decision to upgrade the power output of the WAG-9 was taken to partly meet the demands of the upcoming electrified Western Dedicated Freight Corridor (WDFC). The upgraded locomotive class will also augment hauling capacity on the existing network of the Indian Railways.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.railpost.in/new-9000-hp-wag-9-hh-locomotive-rolls-out-of-clw/|title=New 9,000 hp WAG-9 HH Locomotive Rolls Out of CLW|date=2019-04-02|website=RailPost.in - Indian Railways News & Analysis|access-date=2019-04-05}}</ref> == Locomotive sheds == {| class="wikitable" |+ ! rowspan="2" style="background:skyBlue;"|Zone ! rowspan="2" style="background:skyBlue;"|Name ! rowspan="2" style="background:skyBlue;"|Shed Code ! colspan="4" style="background:skyBlue;"|Quantity ! rowspan="2" style="background:skyBlue;"|Introduction Year |- ! style="background:skyBlue;"|WAG-9 ! style="background:skyBlue;"|WAG-9H ! style="background:skyBlue;"|EF9K ! style="background:skyBlue;"|EF12K |- | rowspan="4" |[[Central Railway zone|Central Railway]] |[[Electric Loco Shed, Bhusawal|Bhusawal]] |BSLL | |26 | | |2013 |- |[[Daund Junction railway station|Daund]] |DNDE | |41 | | |2024 |- |[[Electric Loco Shed, Ajni|Ajni]] |AQE | |234 | | |2000 |- |[[Pune Junction|Pune]] |PADX | |22 | | |2022 |- | rowspan="1" |[[Eastern Railway zone|Eastern Railway]] || [[Electric Loco Shed, Asansol|Asansol]] |ASNL | |172 | | |2020 |- | rowspan="4" |[[East Central Railway zone|East Central Railway]] |[[Mughalsarai Junction railway station|Pt. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya]] |DDUE |2 |59 | | |2020 |- |[[Electric Loco Shed, Gomoh|Gomoh]] |GMOE |1 |207 | | |1997 |- |[[Barauni Junction railway station|Barauni]] |BJUE | |178 | | |2019 |- |[[Patratu railway station|Patratu]] |PTRX |5 |127 | | |2020 |- | rowspan="3" |[[East Coast Railway zone|East Coast Railway]] |[[Electric Loco Shed, Visakhapatnam|Visakhapatnam]] |WATE | |206 | | |2014 |- |[[Diesel Loco Shed, Visakhapatnam|Visakhapatnam (D)]] |WATD | |225 | | |2021 |- |[[Electric Loco Shed, Angul|Angul]] |ANGE | |86 | | |2023 |- | rowspan="4" |[[Northern Railway zone|Northern Railway]] |[[Electric Loco Shed, Ghaziabad|Ghaziabad]] |GZBE | |30 | | |2023 |- |[[Electric Loco Shed, Ludhiana|Ludhiana]] |LDHE | |205 | | |2015 |- |[[Saharanpur Junction railway station|Khanalampura]] |KJGE | |129 | | |2020 |- |[[Tughlakabad railway station|Tughlakabad]] |TKDD | |92 | | |2022 |- |rowspan="2"|[[North Central Railway zone|North Central Railway]] |[[Electric Loco Shed, Kanpur|Kanpur]] |CNBE | |228 | | |2016 |- |[[Electric Loco Shed, Jhansi|Jhansi]] |JHSE | |16 | | |2024 |- |rowspan="3"|[[North Eastern Railway zone|North Eastern Railway]] |[[Gonda Junction railway station|Gonda]] |GDDX | |35 | | |2021 |- |[[Saidpur, Ghazipur|Saiyedpur Bhitri]] |SYHE | |40 | | |2022 |- |[[Izzatnagar railway station|Izzatnagar]] |IZND | |21 | | |2023 |- |rowspan="3"|[[Northeast Frontier Railway zone|Northeast Frontier Railway]] |[[Malda Town railway station|Malda Town]] |MLDD | |67 | | |2021 |- |[[Diesel Loco Shed, Siliguri|Siliguri]] |SGUD | |13 | | |2022 |- |[[New Guwahati railway station|New Guwahati]] |NGCD | |12 | | |2023 |- ||[[North Western Railway Zone|North Western Railway]] |[[Diesel Loco Shed, Bhagat Ki Kothi|Bhagat Ki Kothi]] |BGKD | |97 | | |2023 |- ||[[Southern Railway zone|Southern Railway]] |[[Electric Loco Shed, Arakkonam|Arakkonam]] |AJJE | |33 | | |2020 |- | rowspan="6" |[[South Central Railway zone|South Central Railway]] |[[Electric Loco Shed, Vijayawada|Vijayawada]] |BZAE | |96 | | |2021 |- |[[Electric Loco Shed, Lallaguda|Lallaguda]] |LGDE |52 |75 | | |2007 |- |[[Electric Loco Shed, Kazipet|Kazipet]] |KZJL |3 |195 | | |2013 |- |[[Diesel Loco Shed, Gooty|Gooty]] |GYD | |100 | | |2019 |- |[[Vijayawada Junction railway station|Vijayawada]] |BZAD | |20 | | |2023 |- | [[Moula Ali railway station|Moula Ali]] |MLYD | |44 | | |2023 |- | rowspan="4" |[[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern Railway]] |[[Electric Loco Shed, Tatanagar|Tatanagar]] |TATE | |195 | | |2010 |- |[[Bondamunda railway station|Bondamunda]] |BNDL | |245 | | |2016 |- |[[Electric Loco Shed, Bokaro Steel City|Bokaro Steel City]] |BKSE | |229 | | |2019 |- |[[Rourkela Junction railway station|Rourkela]] |ROUE | |233 | | |2019 |- | rowspan="2"|[[South East Central Railway zone|South East Central Railway]] |[[Electric Loco Shed, Bhilai|Bhilai]] |BIAE | |268 | |13 |2009 |- |[[Bilaspur Junction railway station|Bilaspur]] |BSPE | |229 | | |2020 |- |rowspan="2"| [[South Western Railway zone|South Western Railway]] |[[Diesel Loco Shed, Krishnarajapuram|Krishnarajapuram]] |KJMD | |71 | | |2020 |- |[[Hubli Junction railway station|Hubli]] |UBLD | |86 | | |2022 |- |rowspan="4"|[[Western Railway zone|Western Railway]] | [[Electric Loco Shed, Vadodara|Vadodara]] |BRCE | |39 | | |2024 |- | [[Electric Loco Shed, Valsad|Valsad]] |BLEE | |140 | | |2020 |- |[[Diesel Loco Shed, Vatva|Vatva]] |VTAD | |87 | | |2023 |- |[[Diesel Loco Shed, Sabarmati|Sabarmati]] |SBT | |55 | | |2024 |- | rowspan="3" |[[West Central Railway zone|West Central Railway]] |[[Electric Loco Shed, Tuglakabad|Tughlakabad]] |TKDE |21 |130 |55 | |2008 |- |[[New Katni Junction railway station|New Katni Jn.]] |NKJE | |196 | | |2017 |- |[[Electric Loco Shed, Itarsi|Itarsi]] |ETE | |155 | | |2020 |- | colspan="3" |Total |84 |5489 |55 |13 | rowspan="4" | |- | colspan="3" |'''Total Locomotives Active as of November 2024'''<ref>{{Cite web|title=e-Locos|url=http://elocos.railnet.gov.in/Holding/holding.html}}</ref> | colspan="4" |5641 |} <!-- '''Note-'''Before updating the information here anybody should check out the railways current official data first in the Reference then change the data.--> == Performance == Two WAG-9 class units can haul a load of {{convert|4500|t}} on [[Grade (slope)|grades]] of 1 in 60 (1.67%). The WAG-9H was expected to haul 58 BOXN wagons, i.e.,{{convert|4700|t}}, without multiple units on grades of 1 in 150 (0.67%). The locomotive can run even in 100% humidity, or in deserts, where there is high saturation of conductive particles. For shunting up to {{convert|15|km/h|abbr=on}}, it can haul {{convert|7500|t}} on grades of 1 in 1000 (0.1%) or less. The atmosphere may be humid and salty. Regenerative braking will provide braking force of no less than {{convert|260|kN|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|-|62|km/h|abbr=on}} and closer to {{convert|260|kN|abbr=on}} at higher speeds. Below is the capacity of the WAG-9 while hauling BOX wagons (in tonnes):<ref name=Trainweb>{{Cite web|title=Trainweb|url=http://trainweb.org/railworld/Electric_Locos/wag9.htm}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |- ! Grade\km/h !! Start !! 20 !! 30 !! 40 !! 50 !! 60 !! 70 !! 80 !! 90 !! 100 |- | '''Level''' || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ |- | '''1 in 500''' || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 6000+ || 4985 || 4150 || 3500 |- | '''1 in 200''' || 5060 || 5060 || 5060 || 5060 || 5060 || 4045 || 3325 || 2780 || 2365 || 2040 |- | '''1 in 150''' || 4250 || 4250 || 4165 || 4080 || 3985 || 3200 || 2640 || 2220 || 1895 || 1640 |- | '''1 in 100''' || 3205 || 2910 || 2870 || 2825 || 2775 || 2240 || 1855 || 1565 || 1345 || 1165 |- | '''1 in 50''' || 1820 || 1455 || 1445 || 1435 || 1420 || 1440 || 945 || 795 || 680 || 590 |} == See also == *[[Indian Railways]] *[[Locomotives of India]] *[[Rail transport in India]] == References == <references/> == External links == {{commons category|Indian locomotive class WAG9}} *[http://trainspo.com/class/380/ IR WAG-9 @ Trainspo] {{Broad gauge locomotives of India |state=collapsed}} <gallery> [[File:WAG-9H ERODE.jpg|thumb]] |Caption1 |Caption2 </gallery> [[Category:5 ft 6 in gauge locomotives]] [[Category:25 kV AC locomotives]] [[Category:Co-Co locomotives]] [[Category:Electric locomotives of India]] [[Category:Railway locomotives introduced in 1996]]'