Examine individual changes

'{{Infobox Media franchises |head color= |label color= |title=''The Tripods'' |creator=John Christopher ([[Samuel Youd]]) |origin=''The White Mountains'' |books= |novels=See text. |comics=See text. |magazines= |strips= |films=See text. |tv=See text. |plays= |musicals= |games= |rpgs= |vgs= |radio= |soundtracks= |music= |toys= |otherlabel1= |otherdata1= |otherlabel2= |otherdata2= |otherlabel3= |otherdata3= }}<!-- Commented out because image was deleted: [[Image:Tripods-title.jpg|frame|''The Tripods'' TV series title card, seemingly [[computer animation|computer-generated]], but made using [[traditional animation]]]] --> '''''The Tripods''''' is a series of [[novel]]s written by [[Samuel Youd]] (under the pseudonym "John Christopher") beginning in the late 1960s. The first two were the basis of a [[science fiction on television|science fiction TV-series]], produced in the [[United Kingdom|UK]] in the 1980s (it was aired between September 1984 and December 1985). The story of ''The Tripods'' is [[Post-apocalyptic science fiction|post-apocalyptic]]. Humanity has been conquered and enslaved by "the tripods", unseen alien entities who travel about in gigantic three-legged walking machines (the unsophisticated humans believe the walking machines themselves to be their living overlords). Human society is largely pastoral, with few habitations larger than villages, and what little industry exists is conducted under the watchful presence of the tripods. Lifestyle is reminiscent of the [[Middle Ages]], but artifacts from previous ages are still used, giving individuals and homes a rather anachronistic appearance. Humans are controlled from the age of 14 by cranial implants called "caps", which suppress curiosity and creativity and leave the recipient placid and docile, incapable of dissent. The caps cause them to adore the tripods as their saviours. Some people whose minds are crushed under the pressure of the cap's hypnotic power become vagrants who wander the countryside shouting nonsense. Disney has owned the rights to ''The Tripods'' since 1997. It has been reported that a cinematic version is in pre-production with Australian-born director [[Gregor Jordan]] signed on to rewrite and direct for Walt Disney's Touchstone Pictures label.<ref>[http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117915772?categoryid=13&cs=1 Jordan to control 'Tripods Trilogy' - Entertainment News, Film News, Media - Variety<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> ==Books== === ''When the Tripods Came'' (1988) === ''When the Tripods Came'' is a [[prequel]] written twenty years after the publication of the original "trilogy", and set in the late twentieth century. It was written, allegedly, because [[science fiction]] author [[Brian Aldiss]] questioned the story of ''The Masters'' being able to overcome 20th century technology. In the second book of the main trilogy, one of the Masters tells the main character about the Masters' conquest of the Earth. The plot of the book follows the description of the conquest previously given. We learn that the Masters were afraid of the technological potential of Humanity and decided on a pre-emptive strike. Unable to defeat Humanity in a conventional war, the Masters use their superior mind-control technology to hypnotise part of Humanity through a television show called The Trippy Show, and then use the caps to control them permanently when they eventually land. The tripods then cap other people until the capped are in control in most places. Like the narrator of the original trilogy, the narrator of ''When the Tripods Came'' is a young [[England|English]] boy known as Laurie. As society slowly falls under the control of the Masters, he and his family escape to [[Switzerland]], which adopted an [[isolationist]] stance to hold out against the initial invasion. Eventually it is invaded by [[France]] and [[Germany]], who have fallen under the subjugation of the Masters, and the narrator is forced to flee into the [[Alps]] with his family as the Swiss are also enslaved by the Masters. Here, they establish the "White Mountains" resistance movement that features heavily in the original trilogy, and the book ends on a hopeful note. ''The Tripods'' trilogy can be read and understood without any need to have read the prequel. ===''The White Mountains'' (1967)=== The story begins in a small village in England, roughly a century after the Tripods arrived and conquered Earth. Will, the narrator, is 13, not quite a year short of the time when he will be "capped". His cousin, Henry, is of a similar age, but one month younger than Will. Although neither understands how the caps work, they know that the Capped are unquestioning and uncreative. Feeling uncomfortable with the idea of losing their creativity, the two follow the advice of a mysterious vagrant who goes by the name of "[[Ozymandias]]" and undertake a long journey to the "White Mountains" (actually the [[Swiss Alps]], literally translated from the French [[Mont Blanc]]). After crossing the English Channel, they join forces with a young, inventive French boy, Jean-Paul (Henry anglicizes his name to Beanpole, owing to his tall, thin stature, and he is so referenced for the rest of the series), and head for the White Mountains. The boys go through the remains of Paris, abandoned and ravaged by some ancient war, and finally arrive at the General Quarters of the human resistance, having while en route, and mostly by sheer luck, destroyed a Tripod with old [[hand grenade]]s (called "explosive eggs" by Henry) they had recovered from the ruins of Paris. While written for a young audience &mdash; being rather short (under two hundred pages) and having an unsophisticated vocabulary &mdash; the book is swiftly plotted and filled with narrow escapes, except for a brief period during which the boys live at a manor owned by a wealthy French count. Will forms a strong relationship with the count's preteen daughter, Eloïse, and is heartbroken when she is chosen "queen of the tournament" at a festival hosted by the count; for the queen of the tournament must go off to serve the Tripods in their [[domed city]] (the Tripods, it turns out, actually have three cities: one in Germany, one on the Chinese coast, and one on the [[Panama Canal]]). ===''The City of Gold and Lead'' (1967)=== <!-- Image with inadequate rationale removed: [[Image:GAL.jpg|right|200px|thumb|''The City of Gold and Lead'', 1988 edition.]] --> It's been a year since Will, Henry, and Beanpole arrived at the White Mountains. The Resistance now charges Will, Beanpole and a young German boy, Fritz, now wearing realistic yet harmless caps, to infiltrate a Tripod city by competing in a sporting exhibition called the Games (very similar in nature to the [[Summer Olympic Games|Summer Olympics]]) in which the winners of the events are to be offered to the Tripods for service. Will, a boxer, and Fritz, a runner, win their respective contests, while Beanpole is unsuccessful in the jumping events. Will, Fritz, and the other winners are taken by Tripods, which they discover to be machines operated by living creatures, to the Tripod city, which is located in a sealed, pressurized dome that sits astride a river (apparently a tributary of the river [[Rhine]]) somewhere in northwestern Europe. Inside the city, the boys are confronted with the actual Aliens, which call themselves the Skloodzi (though humans refer to them as the [[Masters (The Tripods)|Masters]]). They are three-legged, three-eyed, three-tentacled creatures from a planet with a stronger gravitational field and a hotter ambient temperature, and which breathe a greenish gas toxic to humans--conditions on the Masters' world are therefore re-created inside the City. The humans in the City are treated as slaves and pets &mdash; being given their own airlocked rooms in which they can live (though not very comfortably) without gas masks when their Masters do not require their services. Since the Masters are unaware that Will and Fritz are false-capped, they don't consider the possibility of hostile behaviour. Thus, the boys are able to spy unobtrusively on a significant portion of the city. In addition, Will's Master develops a special fondness for him that causes the Master to occasionally reveal details of the Masters and their civilization. Will thereby learns that the stakes of the mission are much higher than anyone had foreseen: the Masters have initiated a project to replace the Earth's atmosphere with their own in preparation for the colonization of the planet, which will obliterate humanity and much other Earth life in the process. The spaceship which carries the processing equipment is already on its way, and is due in four years. Will compiles a journal of his observations and findings for the benefit of the resistance group. His Master ultimately discovers the journal, and in desperation, Will attacks and kills his Master, accelerating the boys' escape plans. Will and Fritz find an opening in the golden wall through which water runs. Will escapes but Fritz stays, arguing that it would look suspicious if two slaves suddenly went missing. Will is saved by Beanpole, who was living outside the city waiting for his friends' escape. Will and Beanpole wait for Fritz to come out of the city, but many days of vain waiting and the coming of winter cause them to head back to the White Mountains. The title of the book refers to the great [[gold]] coloured wall surrounding the Masters' city, and to Will's comment that increased gravity inside the city made him feel as though his body had become as heavy as [[lead]]. === ''The Pool of Fire'' (1968) === Will returns to the headquarters of the Resistance after several months in the City of Gold and Lead, where he and Fritz (who has escaped the city some time after Will and found his way back to the Resistance) travel to the Middle East and set up resistance cells with young boys who question the power of the Tripods. The resistance then ambushes a [[Tripod]] and captures a Master. Upon the discovery that [[alcohol]] has a very strong [[sleep|soporific]] effect on the Masters, the Resistance schedules simultaneous commando attacks on the cities. Will is one of the leaders of the attack on the European city. By introducing alcohol into the city water system, the raiding party is able to incapacitate all of the Masters and ultimately to destroy the integrity of the city's sealed environment, killing all the Masters. The attack on the second city, in eastern Asia, is likewise successful, but the attack on the last city, in Panama, is not. Next, the Resistance attempts an [[aerial bombing]] using its newly constructed aeroplanes. This attack also fails &mdash; because the Masters can disable the motors from a distance, presumably with an [[electromagnetic pulse]]. Fritz then leads an attack launched from air balloons, which succeeds, although at a terrible cost to the friends: after all the other bombs have been deflected away harmlessly by the city's impregnable dome, Will's cousin Henry lands his balloon and detonates his bomb by hand. The world is liberated from the Masters' thought control and technology is rediscovered rapidly. The Masters' spaceship finally arrives, only to launch nuclear devices that destroy the remains of the cities, presumably to prevent the humans from [[reverse engineering]] the Masters' technology and use it to launch a retaliatory expedition against them. Humanity is saved, but the saga ends with a renewal of nationalist sentiments. The reader is invited by Will's musings to wonder: having mastered the Masters, can people master themselves? Will, Beanpole and Fritz decide to band together to help unite the people again. The title of the book refers to the mysterious power source of the Masters' cities, which is a crucial element in the attack on the first city. == Comic books == Multiple graphic adaptations have been produced, notably including: * ''[[Boys' Life]]'', The Boy Scouts of America magazine, serialized all three books in the trilogy from May 1981 to August 1986. Artist [[Frank Bolle]] drew the single page black and white proofs which were then inked by another person. The comics were a fairly accurate retelling of the original series, although one criticism is that the dialogue was "dumbed down" and changed to be blatantly [[expository writing|expository]]. One example is a frame showing Julius looking obviously very haggard, and yet Will has a thought-bubble saying "Julius looks so tired". * In 1985, the BBC initiated ''[[BEEB]]'', the [[BBC]] Magazine, and started to present additional adventures of Will, Henry, and Beanpole on their way to the White Mountains. Each issue contained two colour pages and one black and white page. The strips were drawn by John M. Burns. The ''BEEB'' magazine folded after 20 issues (approx 6 months), leaving the three heroes in the middle of an adventure. There was no resolution. ==Television series== {{Splitsection|date=November 2008}} {{Infobox Television |show_name = The Tripods |image = |caption = |aka = |genre = [[Science fiction]] |creator = |writer = [[John Christopher]] (novel)<br />[[Alick Rowe]] (season 1)<br />[[Christopher Penfold]] (season 2) |director = [[Graham Theakston]] (7 eps)<br />[[Christopher Barry]] (11 eps)<br />[[Bob Blagden]] (7 eps) |creat_director = |developer = |starring = [[John Shackley]]<br />[[Ceri Seel]]<br />Jim Baker |theme_composer = |opentheme = |endtheme = |composer = Ken Freeman |country = {{UK}}<br />{{flagcountry|Australia}} |language = [[English language|English]], [[French language|French]] |num_seasons = 2 |num_episodes = 25 |list_episodes = |executive_producer = |co_exec = |producer = Richard Bates |sup_producer = |asst_producer = |cons_producer = |co-producer = |editor = |story_editor = |location = |cinematography = |camera_setup = |runtime = 30 minutes |channel = |picture_format = [[PAL]] ([[576i]]) |audio_format = [[Monaural]] |first_run = {{flagicon|United Kingdom}}[[BBC]]<br />{{flagicon|Australia}}[[Seven Network]] |first_aired = [[September 15]], [[1984]] |last_aired = [[November 23]], [[1985]] |website = http://www.bbc.co.uk/cult/classic/tripods/index.shtml }} The television version of ''The Tripods'' was jointly produced by the [[BBC]] in the United Kingdom and the [[Seven Network]] in Australia. The music soundtrack was written by Ken Freeman. Season one of ''The Tripods'', broadcast in 1984, which had 13 half-hour episodes written by the well-known author of many radio plays Alick Rowe, covers the first book, ''The White Mountains''; the 12-episode second season (1985) covers ''The City of Gold and Lead''. Although a television script had been written for the third season, due to a campaign against TV Sci-Fi by [[Michael Grade]], the Controller of BBC at the time, it never went into production.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gnelson.demon.co.uk/tripage/making6.html |title="The Tripods" in the making (vi) |publisher=Gnelson.demon.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-03-03}}</ref> The lack of action between humans and Tripods, and the insertion of a romantic interest, made the first series boring and largely irrelevant, and this waste of resources (expensive location shooting) and airtime may have contibuted to the series' cancellation. The first season was released on both VHS and DVD. The BBC released ''Tripods - The Complete Series 1 & 2'' on DVD in March 2009. It can be noted that the series introduced several minor changes from the book, notably the shape of the Masters and Tripods, which have tentacles (although the Tripods do have a mechanical claw-arm that they sometimes use); in the book, gravity inside the Golden City was increased artificially, which is not mentioned in the TV series; the introduction of "cognoscs", spiritual life-forms vastly superior to the Masters themselves; and more interesting main characters, including love interests for both Will and Beanpole. The original texts have almost no female characters at all. Youd was recently asked about this for an interview on ''Wordcandy'',<ref>[http://www.wordcandy.net/book_reviews/book.php?BookID=1593 Wordcandy review]</ref> replying that at the time of writing the series, it was generally accepted that girls would read books with boy main characters, but not vice versa. He also stated that he felt the addition of an entire family of girls to the TV series was somewhat "over the top". The series is also notable for featuring non-humanoid aliens, which was uncommon at the time. There is also one major change in the series. In the series people are capped at 16, however in the books they are capped at 12-13. This was a change made by the BBC Producers, since hiring child actors would have been more expensive since additional crew would have to be hired (such as teachers, additional medical staff, specialised stunt persons, and chaperons) and the production time would have to be extended due to the actors having to attend on set classes, and child actors by law had to have the hours they worked on set reduced, thus increasing the production costs greatly. ==Video game== BBC Enterprises licensed a video game adaptation of the TV series in 1985. It was designed by Watermill Productions and published by [[Red Shift (publisher)|Red Shift]].<ref>{{WoS game|name=The Tripods|id=0005417}}</ref> ==Film adaptation== A [[The Tripods (film)|film adaptation]] was announced by [[Touchstone [[Pictures]], to be directed by [[Gregor Jordan]] slated for release in [[[[[[2012]]]]]]]]. He tells the [[press]] it will be "...a promisimg release."<ref>{{cite web|url=htt[[File:_{<gallery> </gallery>}]]p://www.imdb.com/title/tt0441811/ |title=The Tripods (2012) |publisher=Imdb.com |date= |accessdate=2009-03-03}}</ref> ==DVD & Soundtrack== A DVD release of the complete series 1 & 2 was released on 23rd March 2009. A new soundtrack album, ''The Tripods: Pool Of Fire Suite'' by original composer Ken Freeman inspired by the unmade third series of Tripods also available to download from 23rd March, downloads through iTunes will contain a special digital booklet about the 'unmade third series'. Tracklisting: #A Plan Of Action #The Green Man #A Drink With Ruki #The Pool Of Fire #Summer Wind #Freedom #The Conference Of Man ==Cultural references== References to both the books and the artwork from them can be found on the 2006 [[Gatsbys American Dream (album)|self-titled album]] by [[Gatsbys American Dream]]. The artwork features a tripod seemingly about to crash into a train, and there are songs called "The White Mountains" (Book 1, Chapter 10) and "My Name Is Ozymandias" (Chapter 2). There is also an association with the story of "War of the Worlds", with an interpretation{{who}} of the ''The Tripods'' being a 'what if?' response to idea of the tri-phile alien invaders not being killed off by earthly bacteria. The series is also referenced in the web comic [[XKCD]], number 556 ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== *{{imdb title|id=0086818|title=The Tripods (TV series)}} * {{tv.com|3033|The Tripods}} *[http://www.diedreibeinigenherrscher.de/ German based Fanwebsite, with a lot of Fanartwork] *{{bbc.co.uk|id=cult/classic/tripods|title=''The Tripods''}} *[http://www.topnote.co.uk/ Ken Freeman] Music composer *[http://uk.groups.yahoo.com/group/theleagueoffreemen/ ''League of Freemen''] Official Tripods fan club *[http://www.thetripods.org ''thetripods.org''] long-running fan site *[http://www.geocities.com/tripodsfinland ''Tripod Army Finland''] Finnish fan site in English {{DEFAULTSORT:Tripods, The}} [[Category:Science fiction book series]] [[Category:Novels dealing with slavery]] [[Category:Dystopian novels]] [[Category:English-language novels]] [[Category:BBC television programmes]] [[Category:British science fiction television programmes]] [[Category:Television programs based on novels]] [[Category:Science fiction television series]] [[Category:1980s British television series]] [[de:Die dreibeinigen Herrscher]] [[fa:کوه‌های سفید]] [[he:התלת רגליים]] [[ja:三本足シリーズ]] [[fi:Tripodien aika]] [[sv:Tripoderna]]'