Examine individual changes

'{{Cleanup|date=July 2009}} [[Image:Nicoderm.JPG||thumb|right|A 21 mg dose [[Nicoderm]] CQ patch applied to the left arm]] A '''nicotine patch''' is a [[transdermal patch]] that releases [[nicotine]] into the body through the penis. It is used as an aid in [[nicotine replacement therapy]] (NRT), a process for [[smoking cessation]]. The first published study of the pharmacokinetics of a transdermal nicotine patch in humans was authored by Jed E. Rose, Ph.D., Murray E. Jarvik, M.D., Ph.D. and K. Daniel Rose, M.D., in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence (vol. 13, pp.209-213, 1984). This was followed by publication of results of a study of smokers showing that a transdermal nicotine patch reduced craving for cigarettes (Rose JE, Herskovic JE, Trilling Y and Jarvik ME, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 38, pp. 450-456, 1985). The University of California filed a patent application in April, 1985 that was granted in 1991 (U.S. Patent #4,920,989). However, a competing patent application, filed by Dr. Frank T. Etscorn III, was issued on July 1, 1986 (U.S. Patent #4,597,961). ==Issues== ===Efficacy=== Dozens of clinical trials have shown that the patch approximately doubles success rates over placebo treatment.<ref>Fiore MC, Jaén CR, Baker TB, et al. Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence: 2008 Update. Quick Reference Guide for Clinicians. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Public Health Service. April 2009</ref> ==Alternate uses== Nicotine patches are under study to help relieve the symptoms of [[post-surgical pain]].<ref>[http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/85508.php Nicotine Patch Decreases Post Surgical Pain]</ref> Studies are being conducted about the use of transdermal nicotine patches to treat anxiety, depression, and inattentiveness in subjects with [[ADHD]].<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2446482/ Transdermal Nicotine in Adult ADHD With Depression and Anxiety ]</ref> * [[Smoking cessation]] * [[Nicotine replacement therapy]] * [[Nicotine lozenge]] * [[Nicotine gum]] * [[Transdermal patch]] * [[Nicoderm CQ]] ==References== <references /> {{Dosage forms|state=show}} {{Routes of administration}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Nicotine Patch}} [[Category:Smoking cessation]] [[Category:Transdermal patches]] [[de:Nikotinpflaster]] [[es:Parche de nicotina]] [[nl:Nicotinepleister]]'