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'{{Infobox Senator |name=Herman Eugene Talmadge, Sr. |nationality=American |image name= HermanTalmadge.jpg |jr/sr=United States Senator |state=[[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] |party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] |term=January 3, 1957 – January 3, 1981 |preceded=[[Walter F. George]] |succeeded=[[Mack Mattingly|Mack F. Mattingly]] |order2=70th [[Governor of Georgia]] |term_start2=November 17, 1948 |term_end2=January 11, 1955 |lieutenant2=Marvin Griffin |predecessor2=[[Melvin E. Thompson]] |successor2=[[Marvin Griffin]] |term_start3=January 14, 1947 |term_end3=March 18, 1947 |lieutenant3=Melvin E. Thompson |predecessor3=[[Ellis Arnall]] |successor3=[[Melvin E. Thompson]] |order4=Chairman of the [[United States Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry|Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry]] |term_start4=January 1971 |term_end4=January 3, 1981 |predecessor4=[[Allen Ellender]] |successor4=[[Jesse Helms]] |birth_date={{birth date|1913|8|9|mf=y}} |birth_place=[[McRae, Georgia|McRae]], [[Telfair County, Georgia|Telfair County]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[United States|USA]] |death_date={{death date and age |2002|03|21|1913|08|09}} |death_place=[[Hampton, Georgia|Hampton]], [[Henry County, Georgia|Henry County]]<br>Georgia |resting_place= |religion=[[Baptist]] |spouse=3rd: Lynda Cowart Pierce |children=Herman Talmadge, Jr.<br> Robert Shingler Talmadge |alma_mater=[[University of Georgia]] |branch=[[United States Navy]] |serviceyears=1941-1945 |rank=[[Lieutenant Commander]] |battles=[[World War II]] }} '''Herman Eugene Talmadge, Sr.''' (August 9, 1913 &ndash; March 21, 2002), was an [[Politics of the United States|American politician]] and [[white supremacist]]<ref>"[http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=pLFbAAAAIBAJ&sjid=41ENAAAAIBAJ&dq=thurmond%20talmadge%20truman&pg=6876%2C5312261 Truman Curt to Thurmond; Turns Back on Talmadge]", ''Washington Observer'' (UP), 21 January 1949.</ref><ref>[http://www.atlantahighered.org/civilrights/essay_detail.asp?phase=2]</ref><ref>[http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/ArticlePrintable.jsp?id=h-2716]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=dIhZxpoZVIQC&pg=PA755&lpg=PA755&dq=-wikipedia+%22herman+talmadge%22+%22white+supremacist%22&source=bl&ots=G49spQKdk-&sig=9LPcrNhosfdcjG7XsmoruqAowvY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mCMQUfWRMIik8QT32YHABA&ved=0CEYQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=-wikipedia%20%22herman%20talmadge%22%20%22white%20supremacist%22&f=false]</ref><ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=owfkLL-gvXAC&pg=PA123&lpg=PA123&dq=-wikipedia+%22herman+talmadge%22+%22white+supremacist%22&source=bl&ots=OJoGSI5drc&sig=93EOqaOlcXzIhiZRn9CTn5zd7DY&hl=en&sa=X&ei=mCMQUfWRMIik8QT32YHABA&ved=0CFYQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=-wikipedia%20%22herman%20talmadge%22%20%22white%20supremacist%22&f=false]</ref> from the state of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]. He served as the 70th [[List of governors of Georgia|Governor of Georgia]] briefly in 1947 and again from 1948 to 1955. His term was marked by his [[Racial segregation|segregationist]] policies. After leaving office Talmadge was elected to the [[U.S. Senate]], serving from 1957 until 1981. Talmadge was born in [[McRae, Georgia|McRae]] in [[Telfair County, Georgia|Telfair County]] in south central Georgia, the only son of [[Eugene Talmadge]], who served as [[List of Governors of Georgia|Governor of Georgia]] during much of the 1930s and the 1940s. He earned a degree from the [[University of Georgia School of Law]] in 1936, where he had been a member of the [[Demosthenian Literary Society]] and [[Sigma Nu]] [[Fraternities and sororities|fraternity]]. ==The Three Governors Controversy== {{main|The Three Governors Controversy}} The younger Talmadge saw combat in the [[United States Navy]] during [[World War II]]. On his return from the South Pacific as a lieutenant commander, Herman ran his father's successful campaign for governor in 1946. Supporters of Eugene Talmadge were unsure of Eugene's chances of surviving until he was sworn in, so they did some research into the state constitution and found that if Eugene died, the [[Georgia General Assembly]] would choose between the second and third place finishers. The elder Talmadge ran unopposed, so they arranged for write-in votes for Herman as insurance. In December 1946, the elder Talmadge died. Ultimately, the lieutenant governor-elect, [[Melvin E. Thompson]], the prior Governor, [[Ellis Arnall]], and Herman Talmadge all had themselves sworn in and were concurrently trying to conduct state business from tddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddhe [[Georgia State Capitol]]. Arnall relinquished his claim and supported Thompson. Ultimately, Thompson was supported by the [[Supreme Court of Georgia (U.S. state)|Supreme Court of Georgia]]. ==Career after 1946== Talmadge soon gave in to the court decision and prepared for the [[Georgia gubernatorial special election, 1948|special election in 1948]], in which Talmadge defeated Governor Thompson. Talmadge was then elected to a full term in [[Georgia gubernatorial election, 1950|1950]]. During his terms, Talmadge encouraged industry to move into Georgia. He remained a staunch supporter of [[racial segregation]]. Talmadge was barred by law from seeking another full term as Governor in 1954. He was elected to the [[United States Senate]] in 1956. That same year, a "[[faithless elector]]" from [[Alabama]] cast a single [[United States Electoral College|Electoral College]] vote for Talmadge as [[Vice President of the United States]]. During his time as U.S. Senator, Talmadge remained a foe of [[civil rights]] legislation. After President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] signed the [[Civil Rights Act of 1964]], Talmadge, along with more than a dozen other southern Senators, [[boycott]]ed the [[1964 Democratic National Convention]].<ref>Kornacki, Steve (2011-02-03) [http://www.salon.com/news/politics/war_room/2011/02/03/reagan_southern_strategy/index.html "The 'Southern Strategy', fulfilled"], ''[[Salon.com]]''</ref> With the help of Richard Russell, Talmadge was appointed to the Agriculture Committee during his first year in Washington and to the Senate Finance Committee shortly thereafter. Talmadge would eventually be named chairman of the Senate Agriculture Committee.<ref>''Talmadge: A Political Legacy, A Politician's Life''. Herman Talmadge with Mark Royden Winchell</ref> He sponsored bills to help farmers, an important constituency, and served on the [[United States Senate Watergate Committee|Senate Watergate Committee]]. In 1968, Talmadge faced the first of his three [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] challengers for his Senate seat. [[E. Earl Patton]] (1927-2011), later a member of the [[Georgia State Senate]], received 256,796 votes (22.5 percent) to Talmadge's 885,103 (77.3 percent). Patton, a real estate developer, was the first Republican in Georgia to run for the U.S. Senate since the [[Reconstruction era in the United States|Reconstruction era]].<ref>''Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections'', p. 1441</ref>Talmadge won another large reelection margin in 1974, but he ran afoul of Republican [[Mack Mattingly]] in 1980. On October 11, 1979, Talmadge was "denounced" by an 81–15 vote of the Senate for "improper financial conduct" between 1973 and 1978, after having accepted reimbursements of $43,435.83 for official expenses not incurred and for improper reporting of such as campaign expenditures.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Expulsion_Censure.htm |title=Expulsion and Censure |publisher=United States Senate |accessdate = May 31, 2006 }}</ref> Talmadge also went through a divorce from his wife and a tough [[primary election|primary]] challenge from [[Zell Miller]] in 1980. Talmadge defeated Miller but lost to Mack Mattingly in the general election. Mattingly was the first Republican to represent Georgia in the Senate since Reconstruction, but he was unseated in 1986 by the Democrat [[Wyche Fowler]]. After his defeat, Talmadge retired to his home where he died more than two decades later at the age of eighty-eight. Talmadge had two sons, Herman E. Talmadge, Jr., and Robert Shingler Talmadge. ==References== <references/> ==External links== *[http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-590 New Georgia Encyclopedia Article] {{CongBio|T000035}} *Oral History Interviews with Herman Talmadge [http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0331-1/menu.html], [http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0331-2/menu.html], [http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0331-3/menu.html], [http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/A-0347/menu.html] from [http://docsouth.unc.edu/sohp/ Oral Histories of the American South Oral History Interviews, 1985-1995. Georgia's Political Heritage Program, (University of West Georgia. Carrollton, Ga.] * {{Internet Archive film clip|id=gov.archives.arc.95891|description="Longines Chronoscope with Herman Talmadge}} {{S-start}} {{s-off}} {{succession box | before= [[Ellis Arnall]] | title= [[List of Governors of Georgia|Governor of Georgia]] | years= 1947 | after= [[Melvin E. Thompson]]}} {{succession box | before= Melvin E. Thompson | title= Governor of Georgia | years= 1948–1955 | after= [[Marvin Griffin]]}} {{succession box | before= [[Allen J. Ellender]]<br/>Louisiana | title= Chairman of [[U.S. Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry|Senate Agriculture Committee]] | years= 1971–1981 | after= [[Jesse Helms]]<br/>North Carolina }} {{s-par|us-sen}} {{U.S. Senator box |before=[[Walter F. George]] |state=Georgia |class=3 |years=1957–1981 |after=[[Mack Mattingly]] |alongside=[[Richard B. Russell, Jr.]], [[David H. Gambrell]], [[Sam Nunn]] }} {{S-end}} {{Governors of Georgia}} {{USSenGA}} {{Authority control|VIAF=18512207}} {{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --> | NAME = Talmadge, Herman | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | SHORT DESCRIPTION = American politician | DATE OF BIRTH = August 9, 1913 | PLACE OF BIRTH = [[McRae, Georgia]] | DATE OF DEATH = March 21, 2002 | PLACE OF DEATH = [[Hampton, Georgia]] }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Talmadge, Herman}} [[Category:American military personnel of World War II]] [[Category:Censured or reprimanded United States Senators]] [[Category:Georgia (U.S. state) Democrats]] [[Category:Governors of Georgia (U.S. state)]] [[Category:University of Georgia alumni]] [[Category:United States Senators from Georgia (U.S. state)]] [[Category:United States vice-presidential candidates, 1956]] [[Category:1913 births]] [[Category:2002 deaths]] [[Category:Georgia (U.S. state) Dixiecrats]] [[Category:Democratic Party United States Senators]] [[de:Herman Talmadge]] [[fr:Herman Talmadge]] [[sv:Herman Talmadge]]'