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[ 0 => '{{Distinguish2|the 1942 swashbuckler film [[The Black Swan (film)|The Black Swan]]}}', 1 => '{{Good article}}', 2 => '{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2012}}', 3 => '{{Infobox film', 4 => '| name = Black Swan', 5 => '| image = Black Swan poster.jpg', 6 => '| image_size = 225px', 7 => '| alt = The poster for the film shows Natalie Portman with white facial makeup, black-winged eye liner around bloodshot red eyes, and a jagged crystal tiara.', 8 => '| caption = Theatrical release poster', 9 => '| director = [[Darren Aronofsky]]', 10 => '| producer = {{Plainlist|', 11 => '*Ari Handel', 12 => '*Scott Franklin', 13 => '*[[Mike Medavoy]]', 14 => '*Arnold Messer', 15 => '*Brian Oliver }}', 16 => '| screenplay = {{Plainlist|', 17 => '*Mark Heyman', 18 => '*Andres Heinz', 19 => '*John McLaughlin }}', 20 => '| story = Andres Heinz', 21 => '| starring = {{Plainlist|', 22 => '*[[Natalie Portman]]', 23 => '*[[Vincent Cassel]]', 24 => '*[[Mila Kunis]]', 25 => '*[[Barbara Hershey]]', 26 => '*[[Winona Ryder]] <!-- per poster billing block -->}}', 27 => '| music = [[Clint Mansell]]', 28 => '| cinematography = [[Matthew Libatique]]', 29 => '| editing = [[Andrew Weisblum]]', 30 => '| studio = {{Plainlist|', 31 => '*[[Cross Creek Pictures]]', 32 => '*[[Phoenix Pictures]]', 33 => '*[[Dune Entertainment]] }}', 34 => '| distributor = [[Fox Searchlight Pictures]]', 35 => '| released = {{Film date|2010|9|1|[[67th Venice International Film Festival|Venice]]|2010|12|3|United States, limited}}', 36 => '| runtime = 108 minutes', 37 => '| country = United States', 38 => '| language = English', 39 => '| budget = $13 million<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/entertainment/Detail.jsp?newsMLId=20100917000771 |title=Darren Aronofsky's 'Black Swan' a feature film of a different feather |work=The Korea Herald |publisher=McClatchy-Tribune Information Services |first=Steven |last=Zeitchik |date=September 17, 2010 |accessdate=February 4, 2012}}</ref>', 40 => '| gross = $329,398,046<ref name="mojo"/>', 41 => '}}', 42 => ''''''Black Swan''''' is a 2010 American [[psychological thriller]] [[horror film]]<ref>[http://video.tvguide.com/Direct+Effect/Darren+Aronofsky+of+BLACK+SWAN/8030735 "Direct Effect Season 1, Episode 7 Darren Aronofsky of BLACK SWAN".] Fox Movie Channel Originals. TV Guide. October 8, 2011.</ref><ref>[http://articles.latimes.com/2010/dec/09/news/la-en-aronofsky-20101209 "'Black Swan' director Darren Aronofsky likes a challenge".] Los Angeles Times. December 9, 2010</ref> directed by [[Darren Aronofsky]] and starring [[Natalie Portman]], [[Vincent Cassel]], and [[Mila Kunis]]. The plot revolves around a production of [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]]'s ''[[Swan Lake]]'' ballet by a prestigious New York City company. The production requires a ballerina to play the innocent and fragile White Swan, for which the committed dancer Nina (Portman) is a perfect fit, as well as the dark and sensual Black Swan, which are qualities embodied by the new arrival Lily (Kunis). Nina is overwhelmed by a feeling of immense pressure when she finds herself competing for the part, causing her to lose her tenuous grip on reality and descend into a living nightmare.', 43 => false, 44 => 'Aronofsky conceived the premise by connecting his viewings of a production of ''[[Swan Lake]]'' with an unrealized screenplay about [[Understudy|understudies]] and the notion of being haunted by a double, similar to the folklore surrounding [[doppelgänger]]s. Aronofsky cites Fyodor Dostoyevsky's "[[The Double: A Petersburg Poem|The Double]]" as another inspiration for the film. The director also considered ''Black Swan'' a companion piece to his 2008 film ''[[The Wrestler (2008 film)|The Wrestler]]'', with both films involving demanding performances for different kinds of art. He and Portman first discussed the project in 2000, and after a brief attachment to [[Universal Studios]], ''Black Swan'' was produced in New York City in 2009 by [[Fox Searchlight Pictures]]. Portman and Kunis trained in ballet for several months prior to filming, and notable figures from the ballet world helped with film production to shape the ballet presentation.', 45 => false, 46 => 'The film premiered as the opening film for the [[67th Venice International Film Festival]] on September 1, 2010. It had a [[limited release]] in the United States starting December 3, 2010 and opened nationwide on December 17. ''Black Swan'' received critical praise upon its release, particularly for Portman's performance and Aronofsky's direction, and was a significant box office success, grossing $329 million worldwide. The film received five [[Academy Award]] nominations and Portman won the [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]] award for the film, as well as many other Best Actress awards in several guilds and festivals, while Aronofsky was nominated for [[Academy Award for Best Director|Best Director]]. In addition, the film itself received a nomination for [[Academy Award for Best Picture|Best Picture]].', 47 => false, 48 => '==Plot==', 49 => 'Nina Sayers, a young dancer in a prestigious New York City ballet company, lives with her mother, Erica, a former dancer. The company is preparing to open the season with ''[[Swan Lake]]''. The director, Thomas Leroy, has to cast a new principal dancer after forcing Beth Macintyre into retirement. Leroy wants the same ballerina to portray the innocent, fragile White Swan as well as her dark, sensual twin, the Black Swan. Nina auditions for the part, performing flawlessly as the White Swan, but not quite able to emulate the characteristics of the Black Swan. Although Nina does not do well during her audition, she approaches Thomas and asks him to reconsider her as the lead role. He tells her she is the ideal dancer to cast as the White Swan, but she lacks the passion needed to correctly portray the Black Swan.', 50 => false, 51 => 'When Thomas forcibly kisses Nina, she displays a change of character and bites him, convincing him to cast her as the Swan Queen. An intoxicated Beth angrily confronts Thomas and Nina. She is later hit by a car and seriously injured in what Thomas suspects was a suicide attempt. Nina begins to witness strange happenings. Thomas, meanwhile, becomes increasingly critical of her "frigid" dancing and advises her to stop being a perfectionist and to lose herself in the role. Thomas points to Lily, another dancer in the company, whom he describes as lacking Nina's flawless technique but possessing an uninhibited quality that Nina has not shown. The relationship between the two dancers is tense because of Lily's indiscretions, but Lily invites Nina to a night out. Nina is hesitant at first but decides to go against her mother's wishes.', 52 => false, 53 => 'At a restaurant that evening, Lily offers Nina a capsule of [[ecstasy]] to help her loosen up. Though reassured its effects will only last a few hours, Nina turns it down. Lily later slips it into her drink at a nightclub while she is absent. Nina returns home late, fights with her mother, barricades herself in her room, and has sex with Lily until the latter seemingly smothers her with a pillow. Next morning, Nina wakes up alone and late for rehearsal. When she arrives at the studio, she finds Lily dancing as the Swan Queen. Furious, she confronts Lily and asks her why she did not wake her up that morning. After Lily admits she spent the night with a man whom she met at the club, Nina realizes she dreamed the encounter. Nina's hallucinations become stronger as she sees Thomas and Lily have sex in a backstage area and Beth stabbing herself in the face at the hospital with a nail file which Nina drops bloodied in the elevator.', 54 => false, 55 => 'She has a violent argument with her mother, after which Nina passes out. Concerned about Nina's erratic behavior, her mother tries to prevent her from performing on opening night; enraged, Nina stands up to her mother and forces her way out of the apartment. Since her mother had called to say Nina was sick, Thomas assigned understudy Lily to take over, but reluctantly gives way when Nina insists on performing. The first act goes well, until Nina is distracted by a hallucination during a lift, causing her partner, playing the Prince, to drop her. Distraught, she returns to her dressing room and finds Lily there. Lily announces she is to play the Black Swan. Nina shoves her into a mirror, shattering it. Lily seems dead but then she wakes up and starts to strangle Nina who grabs a shard of glass and stabs her rival in the stomach, apparently killing her. Nina hides the body and returns to the stage to dance with passion and sensuality.', 56 => false, 57 => 'Sprouting feathers, her arms become black wings as she finally loses herself and is transformed into a black swan. At the end of the act, she receives a standing ovation. Offstage, Thomas and the rest of the cast congratulate her on her stunning performance. Nina takes Thomas by surprise and kisses him. Back in her dressing room before the final act, Nina is congratulated by Lily, revealing that their fight was, again, imaginary. The mirror, however, is still shattered. She removes a shard from her own body and realizes she had stabbed herself. Dancing the last scene, in which the White Swan throws herself off a cliff, Nina spots her mother weeping in the audience. As Nina falls backward onto a hidden mattress, the theater erupts in thunderous applause. Thomas and the cast gather to congratulate her—only to find that she is severely bleeding. As the white ceiling lights envelop her, she whispers, "I felt it. Perfect. It was perfect."', 58 => false, 59 => '==Cast==', 60 => 'During the closing credits, the major cast members were credited both as their film characters as well as their corresponding characters from ''[[Swan Lake]]''.', 61 => false, 62 => '* [[Natalie Portman]] as Nina Sayers/The Swan Queen', 63 => '* [[Mila Kunis]] as Lily/The Black Swan', 64 => '* [[Vincent Cassel]] as Thomas Leroy/The Gentleman', 65 => '* [[Barbara Hershey]] as Erica Sayers/The Queen', 66 => '* [[Winona Ryder]] as Beth MacIntyre/The Dying Swan', 67 => '* [[Benjamin Millepied]] as David Moreau/The Prince', 68 => '* [[Ksenia Solo]] as Veronica/Little Swan', 69 => '* [[Kristina Anapau]] as Galina/Little Swan', 70 => '* [[Janet Montgomery]] as Madeline/Little Swan', 71 => '* [[Sebastian Stan]] as Andrew/Suitor', 72 => '* [[Toby Hemingway]] as Tom/Suitor', 73 => false, 74 => '==Production==', 75 => false, 76 => '===Conception===', 77 => '[[File:Wiener Staatsoper Schwanensee Szene Akt3a.jpg|alt=A photograph of a performance of Swan Lake during the third act, with the protagonist transformed into the Black Swan|thumb|left|Scene from the ballet ''Swan Lake'' in which the Black Swan (Odile) tricks and seduces the Prince]]', 78 => false, 79 => '[[Darren Aronofsky]] first became interested in ballet when his sister studied dance at the [[High School of Performing Arts]] in New York City. The basic idea for the film started when he hired screenwriters to rework a screenplay called ''The Understudy'', which was about off-Broadway actors and explored the notion of being haunted by a double. Aronofsky said the screenplay had elements of ''[[All About Eve]]'', [[Roman Polanski]]'s ''[[The Tenant]]'', and [[Fyodor Dostoyevsky]]'s novella ''[[The Double: A Petersburg Poem|The Double]]''. The director had also seen numerous productions of ''Swan Lake'', and he connected the duality of the White Swan and the Black Swan to the script.<ref name="roles">{{cite news |last=Wloszczyna |first=Susan |url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2010-07-22-blackswaninside22_ST_N.htm |title=''Black Swan'' stars step deftly into roles |work=USA Today |date=July 22, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5s9abMWwQ |archivedate=August 21, 2010 }}</ref> When researching for the production of ''Black Swan'', Aronofsky found ballet to be "a very insular world" whose dancers were "not impressed by movies". Regardless, the director found active and inactive dancers to share their experiences with him. He also stood backstage to see the [[Moscow State Academy of Choreography|Bolshoi Ballet]] perform at the [[Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts]].<ref name="kisses">{{cite news|last=Ditzian |first=Eric |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1646763/20100830/story.jhtml |title=''Black Swan'' Director Darren Aronofsky On Ballet, Natalie Portman And Lesbian Kisses |work=MTV Movies Blog |publisher=MTV |date=August 30, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sNCB5EQT |archivedate=August 30, 2010}}</ref>', 80 => false, 81 => 'Aronofsky called ''Black Swan'' a companion piece to his previous film ''The Wrestler'', recalling one of his early projects about a love affair between a wrestler and a ballerina. He eventually separated the wrestling and the ballet worlds as "too much for one movie". He compared the two films: "Wrestling some consider the lowest art—if they would even call it art—and ballet some people consider the highest art. But what was amazing to me was how similar the performers in both of these worlds are. They both make incredible use of their bodies to express themselves."<ref name="kisses"/> About the psychological thriller nature of ''Black Swan'', actress Natalie Portman compared the film's tone to Polanski's 1968 film ''[[Rosemary's Baby (film)|Rosemary's Baby]]'',<ref>{{cite news|last=Wigler |first=Josh |url=http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2010/08/05/natalie-portman-likens-black-swan-to-rosemarys-baby-in-terms-of-tone/ |title=Natalie Portman Likens ''Black Swan'' To ''Rosemary's Baby'' In Terms Of Tone |work=MTV Movies Blog |publisher=MTV |date=August 5, 2010 |accessdate=August 6, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5rlueS6jv |archivedate=August 6, 2010}}</ref> while Aronofsky said Polanski's ''[[Repulsion]]'' (1965) and ''The Tenant'' (1976) were "big influences" on the final film.<ref name="kisses"/> Actor Vincent Cassel also compared ''Black Swan'' to Polanski's early works and additionally compared it to [[David Cronenberg]]'s early works.<ref>{{cite news|last=Buchanan |first=Kyle |url=http://www.movieline.com/2010/08/vincent-cassel-on-mesrine-black-swan-and-acting-you-need-a-hard-on-perpetually.php?page=3 |title=Vincent Cassel on ''Mesrine'', ''Black Swan'', and Acting |work=[[Movieline]] |date=August 26, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sK8q2fXY |archivedate=August 28, 2010}}</ref>', 82 => false, 83 => '===Casting===', 84 => '[[File:Mila Kunis 2008.jpg|alt=Mila Kunis poses in a white dress|thumb|upright|Mila Kunis was first approached to perform in ''Black Swan'' in 2008.]]', 85 => false, 86 => 'Aronofsky first discussed with Portman the possibility of a ballet film in 2000, and he found she was interested in playing a ballet dancer.<ref name="kisses"/> Portman explained being part of ''Black Swan'', "I'm trying to find roles that demand more adulthood from me because you can get stuck in a very awful cute cycle as a woman in film, especially being such a small person."<ref>{{cite news|last=Wigler |first=Josh |url=http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2009/12/08/natalie-portman-joined-darren-aronofskys-black-swan-to-explore-her-adulthood |title=Natalie Portman Joined Darren Aronofsky's 'Black Swan' To Explore Her Adulthood |work=MTV Movies Blog |publisher=MTV |date=December 8, 2009 |accessdate=December 11, 2009 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5rjYAGgT7 |archivedate=August 4, 2010}}</ref> Portman suggested to Aronofsky that her good friend Mila Kunis would be perfect for the role. Kunis contrasted Lily with Nina, "My character is very loose... She's not as technically good as Natalie's character, but she has more passion, naturally. That's what [Nina] lacks."<ref>{{cite news|last=Lesnick |first=Silas |url=http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=61596 |title=Mila Kunis Talks ''Black Swan'' |work=ComingSoon.net |date=December 13, 2009 |accessdate=December 23, 2009 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5rjYBb8sA |archivedate=August 4, 2010}}</ref> The female characters are directed in the ''Swan Lake'' production by Thomas Leroy, played by Cassel. He compared his character to [[George Balanchine]], who co-founded [[New York City Ballet]] and was "a control freak, a true artist using sexuality to direct his dancers".<ref>{{cite news |last=Douglas |first=Edward |url=http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=68570 |title=Exclusive: Vincent Cassel Back for ''Eastern Promises 2'' |work=ComingSoon.net |publisher=[[CraveOnline]] |date=August 7, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sK8qWh3f |archivedate=August 26, 2010}}</ref>', 87 => false, 88 => 'Portman and Kunis started training six months before the start of filming in order to attain a body type and muscle tone more similar to those of professional dancers.<ref name="roles"/> Portman worked out for five hours a day, doing ballet, cross-training, and swimming. A few months closer to filming, she began choreography training.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/ukpress/article/ALeqM5hUfd9gtRDupGxtcodelz8ZG_MfsA |title=Portman's "hyper" ballet training |publisher=[[Press Association]] |date=September 1, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sQPxNTef |archivedate=September 1, 2010}}</ref> Kunis engaged in [[aerobic exercise|cardio]] and [[Pilates]], "train[ing] seven days a week, five hours, for five, six months total, and ... was put on a very strict diet of 1,200 calories a day." She lost 20 pounds from her normal weight of about 117 pounds, and reported that Portman "became smaller than I did."<ref>Stated by Kunis on ''[[Jimmy Kimmel Live!]]'', December 6, 2010.</ref> Kunis said, "I did ballet as a kid like every other kid does ballet. You wear a [[Ballet tutu|tutu]] and you stand on stage and you look cute and twirl. But this is very different because you can't fake it. You can't just stay in there and like pretend you know what you're doing. Your whole body has to be structured differently."<ref>{{cite news|last=Wolf |first=Jeanne |url=http://www.parade.com/celebrity/celebrity-parade/2009/0903-mila-kunis-extract.html |title=Mila Kunis: "Who Wants To Be Normal?" |work=[[Parade (magazine)|Parade]] |date=September 3, 2009 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sB8jhe5W |archivedate=August 22, 2010}}</ref> [[Georgina Parkinson]], a [[ballet master|ballet mistress]] from the [[American Ballet Theatre]], coached the actors in ballet.<ref>{{cite news|last=Kisselgoff |first=Anna |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/19/arts/dance/19parkinson.html |title=Georgina Parkinson, Star At Royal Ballet, Dies at 71 |work=The New York Times |date=December 19, 2009 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sK8mlJQy |archivedate=August 28, 2010}}</ref> [[American Ballet Theatre]] [[Soloist (ballet)|soloist]]s [[Sarah Lane (dancer)|Sarah Lane]] and [[Maria Riccetto]] served as "dance doubles" for Portman and Kunis respectively.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Fuhrer |first=Margaret |date=April–May 2010 |url=http://pointemagazine.com/issues/aprilmay-2010/call-board |title=Ballet All Over: Big Names in ''Black Swan'' |journal=Pointe Magazine |publisher=Macfadden Performing Arts Media |accessdate=April 16, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5rjYFGach |archivedate=August 4, 2010}}</ref> Dancer Kimberly Prosa also served as a double for Portman. She stated: "Natalie took class, she studied for several months, from the waist up is her. Sarah Lane a soloist at ABT, did the heavy tricks, she did the [[Glossary of ballet#Fouetté|fouettés]], but they only had her for a limited time, a couple of weeks, so I did the rest of whatever dance shots they needed."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/debra-levine/natalie-portmans-evil-twi_b_789564.html |work=Huffington Post |first=Debra |last=Levine |accessdate=January 29, 2011 |title=Natalie Portman's evil twin, body-double Kimberly Prosa}}</ref>', 89 => false, 90 => 'In addition to the soloist performances, members of the [[Pennsylvania Ballet]] were cast as the [[corps de ballet]], backdrop for the main actors' performances.<ref name="roles"/> Also appearing in the film are Kristina Anapau,<ref>{{cite news|last=McCabe |first=Joseph |url=http://www.fearnet.com/news/b17636_behold_latest_swan.html |title=Behold the Latest ''Swan'' |work=[[FEARnet]] |publisher=Horror Entertainment, LLC |date=December 10, 2009 |accessdate=December 11, 2009}}</ref> Toby Hemingway,<ref>{{cite news|last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1644288/20100723/swift__taylor.jhtml |title=Taylor Swift Dishes On "Mine" Video Love Interest |work=MTV News |publisher=MTV |date=July 23, 2010 |accessdate=August 1, 2010}}</ref> Sebastian Stan,<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kroll |first=Justin |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118012196.html?categoryid=28&cs=1 |title=Sebastian Stan |journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=December 3, 2009 |accessdate=December 11, 2009}}</ref> and Janet Montgomery.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.shocktillyoudrop.com/news/topnews.php?id=13246 |title=EXCL: Montgomery Dances to Groove of ''Black Swan'' |work=ShockTillYouDrop.com |publisher=CraveOnline |date=December 11, 2009 |accessdate=January 3, 2010}}</ref>', 91 => false, 92 => '===Development and filming===', 93 => '[[File:Artscenter.JPG|275px|left|alt=A three-quarters view of a large grey building—the State University of New York at Purchase Performing Arts Center|thumb|Part of the filming took place at the [[State University of New York at Purchase]] Performing Arts Center]]', 94 => false, 95 => 'Aronofsky and Portman first discussed a ballet film in 2000, after the release of ''Requiem for a Dream'', though the script had not yet been written.<ref name="kisses"/> He told her about a love scene between competing ballet dancers, and Portman recalled, "I thought that was very interesting because this movie is in so many ways an exploration of an artist's ego and that narcissistic sort of attraction to yourself and also repulsion with yourself."<ref>{{cite news|last=Collett-White |first=Mike |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE67U5OA20100901 |title=Natalie Portman takes a dark turn in Venice film |agency=Reuters |date=September 1, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sQAFww5o |archivedate=September 1, 2010}}</ref> On the decade's wait before production, she said, "The fact that I had spent so much time with the idea ... allowed it to marinate a little before we shot."<ref>{{cite news|last=Wloszczyna |first=Susan |url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2010-07-22-blackswan22_ST_N.htm |title=First look: Ballet thriller ''Black Swan'' from Darren Aronofsky |work=USA Today |date=July 22, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5rjZH6VGk |archivedate=August 4, 2010}}</ref>', 96 => false, 97 => 'The screenplay ''The Understudy'' was written by Andres Heinz; Aronofsky first heard about it while editing his second film ''[[Requiem for a Dream]]'' (2000) and described it as "''All About Eve'' with a double, set in the off-Broadway world." After making ''[[The Fountain]]'' (2006), Aronofsky and producer [[Mike Medavoy]] had screenwriter John McLaughlin rewrite ''The Understudy''; Aronofsky said McLaughlin "took my idea of ''Swan Lake'' and the ballet and put [the story] into the ballet world and changed the title to ''Black Swan''."<ref name="Thompson">{{cite web |last=Thompson |first=Anne |title=Exclusive Interview: Aronofsky Talks the "Nightmare" of Getting Black Swan Made |url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/thompsononhollywood/interview_darren_aronofsky_talks_black_swan |work=IndieWire |accessdate=September 18, 2012 |date=September 15, 2010}}</ref> When Aronofsky proposed a detailed outline of ''Black Swan'' to [[Universal Studios|Universal Pictures]], the studio decided to fast-track development of the project in January 2007.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Fleming |first=Michael |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117957718.html?categoryid=13&cs=1 |title=U springs for ''Swan'' |journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=January 19, 2007 |accessdate=December 11, 2009}}</ref> The project "sort of died, again" according to Aronofsky, until after the making of ''[[The Wrestler (2008 film)|The Wrestler]]'' (2008), when he had Mark Heyman, director of development of Aronofsky's production company Protozoa Pictures, write for ''Black Swan'' "and made it something that was workable."<ref name="Thompson"/> By June 2009, Universal had placed the project in [[Turnaround (filmmaking)|turnaround]], generating attention from other studios and specialty divisions, particularly with actress Portman attached to star.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Zeitchik |first=Steven |title=Natalie Portman to sing ''Swan'' song |journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=June 15, 2009}}</ref> ''Black Swan'' began development under Protozoa Pictures and Overnight Productions, the latter financing the film. In July 2009, Kunis was cast.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Zeitchik |first=Steven |title=Mila Kunis hunts ''Black Swan'' |journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=July 26, 2009}}</ref>', 98 => false, 99 => 'Fox Searchlight Pictures distributed ''Black Swan'' and gave the film a production budget of $10–12 million. Principal photography was achieved using [[16 mm film|Super 16 mm]] cameras and began in New York City toward the end of 2009.<ref>[http://www.imago.org/index.php?new=343 Retrieved March 6, 2011]</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Zeitchik |first=Steven |title=Searchlight could sing ''Swan''{{'}}s song |journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=November 9, 2009}}</ref> Part of filming took place at the Performing Arts Center at [[State University of New York at Purchase]].<ref name="roles"/> Aronofsky filmed ''Black Swan'' with a muted palette and a grainy style, which he intended to be similar to ''The Wrestler''.<ref>{{cite news|last=Barry |first=Colleen |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/huff-wires/20100901/eu-italy-venice-film-festival/ |title=''Black Swan'' opens Venice Film Festival |work=[[The Huffington Post]] |date=September 1, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sQGLcLbm |archivedate=September 1, 2010}}</ref> Aronofsky said', 100 => '{{Quote|I like Super 16 because the cameras are really light, really moveable. Also, for ''The Wrestler'' it was a money-saving thing. The film stocks on 35mm would become so glossy that they'd get close to what people are doing on video. I wanted to go back to the grainy, ''vérité'' feel of ''The Wrestler''. [...] Like with wrestling, ballet is shot in wide shot with two shots on the side, and no one really brought the camera—well, wrestling—into the ring or for us, onto the stage and into the practice room. I really wanted the camera to dance, but I was nervous about shooting a psychological thriller/horror film with a hand-held camera. I couldn't think of another example where they did that. [...] steady-cams are very different than hand-helds, because hand-held gives you that verite feel. I was concerned if that would effect [sic] the suspense, but after a while I said, "screw it, let's go for it."<ref name="Thompson"/> }}', 101 => false, 102 => '===Controversies===', 103 => false, 104 => '====Costume design====', 105 => 'Amy Westcott is credited as the costume designer and received several award nominations. A publicized controversy arose regarding the question of who had designed 40 ballet costumes for Portman and the dancers. An article in the British newspaper ''[[The Independent]]'' suggested those costumes had actually been created by [[Rodarte]]'s Kate and Laura Mulleavy.<ref>{{cite news|title=Feathers ruffled over Black Swan |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/feathers-ruffled-over-black-swan-2192042.html |accessdate=January 30, 2011 |work=The Independent |location=UK |first=Susie |last=Mesure |date=January 23, 2011}}</ref> Westcott challenged that view and stated that in all only 7 costumes, among them the black and white swan, had been created in a collaboration between Rodarte, Westcott, and Aronofsky. Furthermore, the corps ballet's costumes were designed by Zack Brown (for the American Ballet Theatre), and slightly adapted by Westcott and her costume design department. Westcott said: "Controversy is too complimentary a word for two people using their considerable self-publicising resources to loudly complain about their credit once they realized how good the film is."<ref>{{cite web|title=Black Swan: Amy Westcott Interview |url=http://clothesonfilm.com/black-swan-amy-westcott-interview/18997/ |accessdate=January 30, 2011 |publisher=Clothes On Film |first=Chris |last=Laverty |date=January 28, 2011}}</ref>', 106 => false, 107 => '====Dance double====', 108 => '{{main|Black Swan dance double controversy}}', 109 => 'ABT dancer [[Sarah Lane (dancer)|Sarah Lane]] served as a "dance double" for Portman in the film.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://pointemagazine.com/issues/aprilmay-2010/call-board |title=Ballet All Over: Big Names in ''Black Swan'' |work=Pointe Magazine |publisher=Macfadden Performing Arts Media |last=Fuhrer |first=Margaret |date=April–May 2010}}</ref> In a March 3 blog entry for ''[[Dance Magazine]]'', editor-in-chief [[Wendy Perron]] asked: "Do people really believe that it takes only one year to make a ballerina? We know that Natalie Portman studied ballet as a kid and had a year of intensive training for the film, but that doesn't add up to being a ballerina. However, it seems that many people believe that Portman did her own dancing in ''Black Swan''."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2011/03/26/natalie-portman%E2%80%99s-black-swan-dance-double-says-she-deserves-more-credit/ |work=The Wall Street Journal |first=Christopher |last=Farley |date=March 26, 2011 |accessdate=March 30, 2011 |title=Natalie Portman's ''Black Swan'' Dance Double Says She Deserves More Credit}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dancemagazine.com/blogs/wendy/3733|publisher=[[Dance Magazine]] |first=Wendy |last=Perron |date=March 3, 2011 |accessdate=March 30, 2011 |title=Is There a Blackout on Black Swan's Dancing?}}</ref> This led to responses from [[Benjamin Millepied]] and Aronofsky, who both defended Portman as well as a response from Lane on the subject.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/la-et-black-swan-millepied-20110323,0,7797743.story |work=Los Angeles Times |first=Jean |last=Lenihan |accessdate=March 23, 2011 |title=Choreographer Benjamin Millepied on life after ''Black Swan'' |date=March 23, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://dancemagazine.com/blogs/wendy/3741 |publisher=[[Dance Magazine]] |first=Wendy |last=Perron |date=March 11, 2011 |accessdate=March 26, 2011 |title=Putting the Black Swan Blackout in Context}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worstpreviews.com/headline.php?id=21139&count=0 |publisher=Worstpreviews.com |accessdate=March 29, 2011 |title=Darren Aronofsky Defends Natalie Portman's "Black Swan" Dancing}}</ref>', 110 => false, 111 => '==Soundtrack==', 112 => '{{Main|Black Swan: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack}}', 113 => false, 114 => 'The non-original music featured in ''Black Swan'' consists of music by [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]] and a track of [[electronica]] dance music by English production duo [[The Chemical Brothers]]. It marks the fifth consecutive collaboration between Aronofsky and English composer [[Clint Mansell]], who composed the original score for the film. Mansell attempted to score the film based on Tchaikovsky's ballet<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cinemablend.com/new/Interview-Darren-Aronofsky-On-Music-Scares-And-Gender-In-Black-Swan-21985.html |title=Interview: Darren Aronofsky On Music, Scares And Gender In Black Swan |last=Rich |first=Katey |work=Cinema Blend |date=December 2, 2010 |accessdate=December 12, 2010}}</ref> but with radical changes to the music.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.littlewhitelies.co.uk/interviews/clint-mansell-8937 |title=Clint Mansell interview |work=[[Independent Film Channel]] |last=Wright |first=James |date=December 17, 2009 |accessdate=December 12, 2010}}</ref> Because of the use of Tchaikovsky's music, the score was deemed ineligible to be entered into the [[83rd Academy Awards|2010 Academy Awards]] for [[Academy Award for Best Original Score|Best Original Score]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118029326 |title=Academy nixes four score contenders |work=Variety |date=December 21, 2010 |accessdate=December 24, 2010 |first=Jon |last=Burlingame}}</ref>', 115 => false, 116 => 'The Chemical Brothers' music, which is featured prominently during the club scene in ''Black Swan'', is omitted from the soundtrack album.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britishmusicguide.com/2010/12/08/chemical-brothers-pen-new-tracks-for-black-swan |title=Chemical Brothers pen new songs for "Black Swan" |work=British Music Guide |accessdate=December 24, 2010}}</ref>', 117 => false, 118 => '==Release==', 119 => '[[File:NataliePortmanTIFFSept10.jpg|alt=Natalie Portman looks to the camera's left, smiling|right|thumb|upright=0.84|Portman at a premiere for the film at the 2010 [[Toronto International Film Festival]]]]', 120 => '''Black Swan'' had its [[Premiere|world premiere]] as the opening film at the [[67th Venice International Film Festival|67th Venice Film Festival]] on September 1, 2010. It received a standing ovation whose length ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' said made it "one of the strongest Venice openers in recent memory".<ref>{{cite journal|last=Vivarelli |first=Nick |url=http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118023600.html?categoryId=13&cs=1 |title=Aronofsky flies ''Swan'' at Venice |journal=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=September 1, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sQrgUXEl |archivedate=September 1, 2010}}</ref> The festival's artistic director Marco Mueller had chosen ''Black Swan'' over ''[[The American (2010 film)|The American]]'' (starring [[George Clooney]]) for opening film, saying, "[It] was just a better fit... Clooney is a wonderful actor, and he will always be welcome in Venice. But it was as simple as that."<ref>{{cite journal|last=Lyman |first=Eric J. |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/world/news/e3i7666b0f98579502179be93baa1cf8ca7 |title=Venice Fest looks to re-energize |journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=August 25, 2010}}</ref> ''Black Swan'' screened in competition and is the third consecutive film directed by Aronofsky to premiere at the festival, following ''[[The Fountain]]'' and ''The Wrestler''.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Lyman |first=Eric J. |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3i4c15c030a696fa142f87203f980fdbe3 |title=Aronofsky's ''Black Swan'' to open Venice fest |journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=July 22, 2010}}</ref> ''Black Swan'' was presented in a sneak screening at the [[Telluride Film Festival]] on September 5, 2010.<ref>{{cite news|last=Scott |first=A. O. |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/07/movies/07telluride.html |title=Movies, Mountains and High Hopes |work=The New York Times |date=September 6, 2010 |accessdate=September 6, 2010}}</ref> It also had a Gala screening at the 35th [[Toronto International Film Festival]] later in the month.<ref>{{cite news|last=Knegt |first=Peter |url=http://www.indiewire.com/article/toronto_announces_2010_titles/ |title=Toronto Sets Over 50 Titles For 2010 Fest |work=indiewire.com |publisher=[[Moviefone]] |date=July 27, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sNQy5fZb |archivedate=August 30, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Black Swan&nbsp;— Toronto International Film Festival premiere coverage |url=http://www.digitalhit.com/galleries/38/564/ |year=2010 |last=Evans |first=Ian |journal=DigitalHit.com |accessdate=November 17, 2010}}</ref> In October 2010, ''Black Swan'' was screened at the [[New Orleans Film Festival]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Scott |first=Mike |url=http://www.nola.com/movies/index.ssf/2010/08/welcome_to_the_rileys_to_open.html |title=''Welcome to the Rileys'' to open 2010 New Orleans Film Festival |work=[[The Times-Picayune]] |date=August 30, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sNQvQvQq |archivedate=August 30, 2010}}</ref> the [[Austin Film Festival]],<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/film/news/e3i430e0ec60c443f0952c90ea3cf7941eb |title=''Black Swan'', ''127 Hours'' to Austin Fest |journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=September 21, 2010}}</ref> and the [[BFI London Film Festival]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Gritten |first=David |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/film-news/8080740/The-London-Film-Festival-is-flourishing.html |title=The London Film Festival is flourishing |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=UK |date=October 25, 2010}}</ref> In November 2010, the film was screened at [[American Film Institute]]'s AFI Fest in Los Angeles, the [[Denver Film Festival]] and [[Plus Camerimage|Camerimage Festival]] in [[Bydgoszcz]], Poland.<ref>{{cite news|last=Zeitchik |first=Steven |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/movies/2010/10/afi-fest-screening-free-tickets.html |title=AFI Fest offers festival favorites, free tickets |work=Los Angeles Times |date=October 13, 2010}}</ref>', 121 => false, 122 => 'The release of ''Black Swan'' in the United Kingdom was brought forward from February 11 to January 21, 2011. According to ''[[The Independent]]'', the film was considered one of "the most highly anticipated" films of late 2010. The newspaper then compared it to the 1948 ballet film ''[[The Red Shoes (1948 film)|The Red Shoes]]'' in having "a nightmarish quality ... of a dancer consumed by her desire to dance".<ref>{{cite news|last=Hughes |first=Sarah |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/darkness-and-despair-thats-dance-on-screen-2062957.html |title=Darkness and despair: that's dance on screen |work=The Independent |location=UK |date=August 27, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sK8qJAKq |archivedate=August 26, 2010}}</ref>', 123 => false, 124 => 'The film was released on DVD and [[Blu-ray Disc]] in Region 1/Region A on March 29, 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehdroom.com/news/Black-Swan-Blu-ray-Release-Date-and-Details/8515 |title=Black Swan Blu-ray Release Date and Details |work=thehdroom.com |date=February 28, 2011 |accessdate=February 28, 2011}}</ref> The Region 2/Region B version was released on May 16, 2011.', 125 => false, 126 => '==Reception==', 127 => false, 128 => '===Box office===', 129 => '''Black Swan'' had a [[limited release]] in select cities in North America on December 3, 2010, in 18 theaters<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/swan-breaks-studio-record-prestige-56492|title='Black Swan' Breaks Studio Record as Prestige Films Make Impressive Debuts, Expansions|date=December 5, 2010|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|last=DiOrio|first=Carl|accessdate=August 11, 2012}}</ref> and was a [[sleeper hit|surprise box office success]].<ref>{{cite news| url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jan/16/entertainment/la-et-0116-black-swan-20110116 | work=Los Angeles Times| title='Black Swan's' risks pay off | date=January 16, 2011 | accessdate=May 7, 2012 | first1=Steven | last1=Zeitchik | first2=Ben | last2=Fritz}}</ref> The film took in a total of $415,822 on its opening day, averaging $23,101 per theater.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?page=daily&id=blackswan.htm |title=Daily Box Office for Friday, December 3, 2010 |work=Box Office Mojo |publisher=IMDb |date=December 6, 2010 |accessdate=December 6, 2010}}</ref> By the end of its opening weekend it grossed $1,443,809—$80,212 per theater. The per location average was the second highest for the opening weekend of 2010 behind ''[[The King's Speech (film)|The King's Speech]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://insidemovies.ew.com/2010/12/05/box-office-report-tangled/ |title=Box office report: ''Tangled'' wins slow weekend with $21.5 mil |last=Young |first=John |work=Entertainment Weekly |date=December 5, 2010 |accessdate =December 8, 2010}}</ref> The film is Fox Searchlight Pictures' highest per-theater average gross ever, and it ranks 21st on the all-time list.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=3004&p=.htm |title=Arthouse Audit: Black Swan Soars |last=Subers |first=Ray |work=Box Office Mojo |date=December 6, 2010 |accessdate=December 7, 2010}}</ref> On its second weekend the film expanded to 90 theaters, and grossed $3.3 million, ranking it as the sixth film at the box-office.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=3009&p=.htm |title=Weekend Report: ''Narnia'' Fails to Tread Water, ''Tourist'' Trips |last=Gray |first=Brandon |work=[[Box Office Mojo]] |date=December 13, 2010 |accessdate=December 19, 2010}}</ref> In its third weekend, it expanded again to 959 theaters and grossed $8,383,479. The film went on to gross over $106 million in the United States and over $329 million worldwide.<ref name="mojo">{{cite web|url=http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=blackswan.htm |title=Black Swan (2010) |work=[[Box Office Mojo]] |accessdate=September 10, 2011}}</ref>', 130 => false, 131 => '===Critical reaction===', 132 => '[[File:Black Swan press 2010.jpg|left|alt=Scott Franklin, Mila Kunis, Vincent Cassel, Darren Aronofsky, and Sandra Hebron stand on a stage with a golden curtain backdrop wearing formal attire and discussing Black Swan|thumb|''Black Swan'' cast and crew (from left to right: producer Scott Franklin, actress Mila Kunis, actor Vincent Cassel, director Darren Aronofsky) discuss the film with Sandra Hebron at the BFI London Film Festival, where it was nominated for Best Film]]', 133 => false, 134 => 'Review aggregator [[Rotten Tomatoes]] gives the film a score of 87% based on reviews from 273 critics, and reports a rating average of 8.2 out of 10.<ref name="RT">{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/black_swan_2010/ |title=Black Swan |publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |accessdate=September 18, 2012}}</ref> According to the website, the film's critical consensus is, "Bracingly intense, passionate, and wildly melodramatic, ''Black Swan'' glides on Darren Aronofsky's bold direction—and a bravura performance from Natalie Portman."<ref name="RT"/> At [[Metacritic]], which assigns a [[Weighted arithmetic mean|weighted average]] score out of 100 reviews from mainstream critics, the film received an average score of 79 based on 42 reviews, indicating "Generally favorable reviews".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metacritic.com/movie/black-swan |title=Black Swan |work=[[Metacritic]] |accessdate=September 18, 2012}}</ref>', 135 => false, 136 => 'In September 2010, ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' reported that based on reviews from the film's screening at the Venice Film Festival, "[''Black Swan''] is already set to be one of the year's most love-it-or-hate-it movies."<ref>{{cite news|last=Markovitz |first=Adam |url=http://popwatch.ew.com/2010/09/02/black-swan/ |title=Is Darren Aronofsky's ''Black Swan'' a masterpiece? Early buzz from the Venice Film Festival |date=September 2, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sRp5nJdF |archivedate=September 2, 2010}}</ref> [[Leonard Maltin]], on his blog ''Movie Crazy'', admitted that he "couldn't stand" the film, despite praising Natalie Portman's performance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/leonardmaltin/archives/film_review_black_swan/ |title=film review: BLACK SWAN &#124; Leonard Maltin |publisher=Blogs.indiewire.com |date= |accessdate=November 27, 2012}}</ref> [[Reuters]] described the early response to the film as "largely positive" with Portman's performance being highly praised.<ref>{{cite news|last=Collett-White |first=Mike |url=http://abcnews.go.com/print?id=11543983 |title=Natalie Portman Earns Early Awards Buzz for Ballet Drama |publisher=ABC |location=USA |agency=Reuters |date=September 2, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sS8cunbN |archivedate=September 2, 2010}}</ref> ''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]'' reported that "the film divided critics. Some found its theatricality maddening, but most declared themselves 'swept away'."<ref>{{cite news|last=Bunbury |first=Stephanie |url=http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/venices-red-carpet-fades-but-movie-magic-shines-bright-20100904-14vds.html |title=Venice's red carpet fades but movie magic shines bright |work=Sydney Morning Herald |date=September 5, 2010 |archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/5sUuIEdIc |archivedate=September 5, 2010}}</ref>', 137 => false, 138 => '[[Kurt Loder]] of ''[[Reason (magazine)|Reason]]'' magazine called the film "wonderfully creepy", and wrote that "it's not entirely satisfying; but it's infused with the director's usual creative brio, and it has a great dark gleaming look."<ref>[[Kurt Loder|Loder, Kurt]] (December 2, 2010) [http://reason.com/archives/2010/12/02/black-swan Black Swan], ''[[Reason Magazine|Reason]]''</ref> Mike Goodridge from ''[[Screen International|Screen Daily]]'' called ''Black Swan'' "alternately disturbing and exhilarating" and described the film as a hybrid of ''[[The Turning Point (1977 film)|The Turning Point]]'' and Polanski's films ''[[Repulsion]]'' and ''[[Rosemary's Baby (film)|Rosemary's Baby]]''. Goodridge described Portman's performance, "[She] is captivating as Nina ... she captures the confusion of a repressed young woman thrown into a world of danger and temptation with frightening veracity." The critic also commended Cassel, Kunis, and Hershey in their supporting roles, particularly comparing Hershey to [[Ruth Gordon]] in the role of "the desperate, jealous mother". Goodridge praised Libatique's cinematography with the dance scenes and the psychologically "unnerving" scenes: "It's a mesmerising psychological ride that builds to a gloriously theatrical tragic finale as Nina attempts to deliver the perfect performance."<ref>{{cite news|last=Goodridge |first=Mike |url=http://www.screendaily.com/reviews/latest-reviews/-black-swan/5017589.article |title=Black Swan |work=[[Screen International|Screen Daily]] |date=September 1, 2010 |accessdate=September 1, 2010}}</ref>', 139 => false, 140 => '[[File:Venice Film Festival.JPG|right|alt=A line outside the entrance to the 2010 Venice International Film Festival with flags of several countries waving above the door|left|thumb|upright=0.96|''Black Swan'' opened at the 67th Venice International Film Festival, making it the third consecutive Aronofsky film to be screened at the ceremony. It was nominated for the [[Golden Lion]] and Mila Kunis won the [[Premio Marcello Mastroianni]].]]', 141 => false, 142 => 'Kirk Honeycutt of ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' gave the film a mixed review. He wrote, "[''Black Swan''] is an instant guilty pleasure, a gorgeously shot, visually complex film whose badness is what's so good about it. You might howl at the sheer audacity of mixing mental illness with the body-fatiguing, mind-numbing rigors of ballet, but its lurid imagery and a hellcat competition between two rival dancers is pretty irresistible." Honeycutt commended Millepied's "sumptuous" choreography and Libatique's "darting, weaving" camera work. The critic said of the thematic mashup, "Aronofsky ... never succeeds in wedding genre elements to the world of ballet ... White Swan/Black Swan dynamics almost work, but the horror-movie nonsense drags everything down the rabbit hole of preposterousness."<ref>{{cite journal|last=Honeycutt |first=Kirk |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/film-reviews/black-swan-film-review-1004112184.story |title=Black Swan&nbsp;– Film Review |journal=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |date=September 1, 2010}}</ref> Similarly, in a piece for ''[[The Huffington Post]]'', [[Rob Kirkpatrick]] praised Portman's performance but compared the film's story to that of ''[[Showgirls]]'' (1995) and ''[[Burlesque (2010 musical film)|Burlesque]]'' (2010) while concluding ''Black Swan'' is "simply higher-priced cheese, Aronofsky's camembert to [''Burlesque'' director Steve] Antin's cheddar.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/rob-kirkpatrick/burlesque-and-black-swan_b_806378.html |title=Burlesque and Black Swan: The Showgirls of Burlesque vs. the Showgirls of Ballet? |publisher=The Huffington Post |accessdate=March 15, 2011 |first=Rob |last=Kirkpatrick |date=January 14, 2011}}</ref>', 143 => false, 144 => 'The film has been criticized for its portrayal of ballet and ballet dancers. Upon the film's release in the United Kingdom, ''[[The Guardian]]'' interviewed four professional ballet dancers in the UK: [[Tamara Rojo]], [[Lauren Cuthbertson]], [[Edward Watson (dancer)|Edward Watson]], and [[Elena Glurjidze]]. Rojo called the film "lazy... featuring every ballet cliche going." Watson felt that the film "makes [ballet] look so naff and laughable. It doesn't show why ballet is so important to us – why we would want to try so hard."<ref>{{cite news|last=Mackrell |first=Judith |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2011/jan/05/black-swan-natalie-portman-tamara-rojo |title=What Britain's ballet stars made of Black Swan |work=The Guardian |location=UK |date=January 5, 2011}}</ref> [[The Canadian Press]] also reported that many Canadian ballet dancers felt that the film depicted dancers negatively and exaggerated elements of their lives but gave Portman high marks for her dance technique.<ref>{{cite news|title=Dancers object to Black Swan's stereotypes |url=http://www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2010/12/26/blackswan-reaction-ballet-stereotypes.html |accessdate=December 26, 2010 |newspaper=CBC.ca |date=December 26, 2010 |agency=The Canadian Press}}</ref> In an interview with the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'', [[Gillian Murphy]] a principal dancer with [[American Ballet Theatre]] praised the visual elements of the film but noted that the film presentation of the ballet world was "extreme."<ref>http://articles.latimes.com/2010/dec/07/entertainment/la-et-black-swan-ballet-20101207</ref>', 145 => false, 146 => '===Accolades===', 147 => '{{main|List of accolades received by Black Swan}}', 148 => '''Black Swan'' appeared on many critics' top ten lists of 2010 and is frequently considered to be one of the best films of the year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://features.metacritic.com/features/2010/film-critic-top-ten-lists/ |title=2010 Film Critic Top Ten Lists |publisher=[[Metacritic]] |accessdate=December 20, 2010}}</ref> It was also featured on the [[American Film Institute]]'s 10 Movies of the Year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/afiawards/default.aspx |title=AFI AWARDS 2010 |publisher=American Film Institute |accessdate=December 20, 2010}}</ref> On January 25, 2011 the film was nominated for five [[Academy Award]]s (Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actress, Best Cinematography and Best Film Editing) and won one for Portman's performance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/83/nominees.html |title=Nominees for the 83rd Academy Awards |publisher=oscars.org |accessdate=January 25, 2011}}</ref>', 149 => false, 150 => '==See also==', 151 => '* [[Mental illness in film]]', 152 => '{{Portal bar|Academy Award|Film|Dance|Horror}}', 153 => false, 154 => '==References==', 155 => ''''Notes'''', 156 => '{{Reflist|30em}}', 157 => false, 158 => '==External links==', 159 => '{{Wikiquote}}', 160 => '{{Commons category|Black Swan (2010 film)}}', 161 => '* {{Official website|http://www.blackswan2010.com/}}', 162 => '* {{IMDb title|0947798|Black Swan}}', 163 => '* {{AllRovi movie|494816|Black Swan}}', 164 => false, 165 => '{{Darren Aronofsky}}', 166 => '{{Swan Lake navbox}}', 167 => false, 168 => '{{DEFAULTSORT:Black Swan}}', 169 => '[[Category:2010 films]]', 170 => '[[Category:2010 horror films]]', 171 => '[[Category:2010s psychological thriller films]]', 172 => '[[Category:American dance films]]', 173 => '[[Category:American films]]', 174 => '[[Category:American horror films]]', 175 => '[[Category:American LGBT-related films]]', 176 => '[[Category:American thriller films]]', 177 => '[[Category:Ballet films]]', 178 => '[[Category:Borderline personality disorder in fiction]]', 179 => '[[Category:English-language films]]', 180 => '[[Category:Films directed by Darren Aronofsky]]', 181 => '[[Category:Films featuring a Best Actress Academy Award winning performance]]', 182 => '[[Category:Films set in New York City]]', 183 => '[[Category:Films shot in New York City]]', 184 => '[[Category:Films shot in Super 16]]', 185 => '[[Category:Fox Searchlight Pictures films]]', 186 => '[[Category:Independent films]]', 187 => '[[Category:Independent Spirit Award for Best Film winners]]', 188 => '[[Category:Lesbian-related films]]', 189 => '[[Category:Swan Lake]]', 190 => '[[Category:Cross Creek Pictures films]]', 191 => '[[Category:Dune Entertainment films]]' ]