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'''Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|ɛ|f|ə|n|iː|_|dʒ|ɜr|m|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|t|ə}} {{Respell|STE|fə-nee}} {{Respell|jur-mə|not|ə}}; born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name '''Lady Gaga''', is an American singer. Born and raised in [[New York City]], she initially performed in theatre, appearing in high school plays and briefly studying at [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)|CAP21]] through [[New York University]]'s [[Tisch School of the Arts]] before dropping out to pursue a musical career. After leaving a short-lived [[Rock band|rock]] band, participating in the [[Lower East Side]]'s [[avant garde]] performance art circuit, and being quickly dropped from a contract with [[Def Jam Recordings]], she worked as a songwriter for [[Sony/ATV Music Publishing]]. There, singer [[Akon]] noticed her vocal abilities and helped her sign a joint deal with [[Interscope Records]] and his own [[KonLive Distribution]].


She rose to fame with her debut album ''[[The Fame]]'' (2008), a critical and commercial success which produced global chart-topping singles such as "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" and "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]"; a follow-up EP, ''[[The Fame Monster]]'' (2009), was met with similar reception and spawned the hits "[[Bad Romance]]", "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", and "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]". Her second full-length album ''[[Born This Way]]'' was released in 2011, topping the charts in more than 20 countries, including the United States, where it sold over one million copies in its first week. Her third album ''[[Artpop]]'', released in 2013, topped the U.S. charts and included the hit singles "[[Applause (Lady Gaga song)|Applause]]" and "[[Do What U Want]]", though critics noted its commercial underperformance compared to her previous efforts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/nickmessitte/2013/12/13/artpop-goes-the-weasel-3-glimpses-into-the-deflation-of-a-superstar/|title=Artpop Goes The Weasel: Three Glimpses Into The Deflation Of A Superstar|last=Messitte|first=Nick|date=December 13, 2013|work=[[Forbes]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/victoria-sadler/lady-gaga-what-next_b_4613024.html|title=What Next for Lady Gaga?|last=Sadler|first=Victoria|date=March 18, 2014|work=[[Huffington Post]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/11/rosen-on-gagas-weak-sales-and-weaker-album.html|title=Rosen on Lady Gaga’s Weak Sales (and Weaker Album)|last=Rosen|first=Jody|date=November 22, 2013|work={{noitalic|[[New York (magazine)|Vulture]]}}|publisher=New York Media LLC|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1717843/lady-gaga-artpop-flop/|title=Here’s Why You Shouldn’t Judge Lady Gaga On ARTPOP Sales Alone|last=Kaufman|first=Gil|date=November 20, 2013|work={{noitalic|[[MTV News}}]]|publisher=[[Viacom]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref>
'''Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|ɛ|f|ə|n|iː|_|dʒ|ɜr|m|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|t|ə}} {{Respell|STE|fə-nee}} {{Respell|jur-mə|not|ə}}; born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name '''Lady Gaga''', is an American singer. She was born, raised, and lives in [[New York City]].<ref name=ForbesProfile>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga|url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga/|accessdate=March 8, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Gaga studied at the [[Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York City)|Convent of the Sacred Heart]] before briefly attending [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)]]. She withdrew from CAP21 to focus on her musical career. She soon began performing in the rock music scene of [[Manhattan]]'s [[Lower East Side]]. By the end of 2007, record executive and producer [[Vincent Herbert]] signed her to his label Streamline Records, an imprint of [[Interscope Records]]. Initially working as a songwriter at Interscope Records, her vocal abilities captured the attention of recording artist [[Akon]], who also signed her to [[Kon Live Distribution]], his own label under Interscope.


Gaga is noted for her flamboyant and diverse contributions to the music industry via her fashion, live performances, and music videos. With global album and single sales of 27 million and 125 million, respectively, as of June 2014, she is one of the [[List of best-selling music artists|best-selling musicians of all time]]. [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Awards]]. She regularly appears on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Artists of the Year lists and ''[[Forbes]]''' power and earnings rankings, and was named one of the world's most influential people by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' in 2010. Outside of her music, she is noted for her philanthropic endeavors and activism for [[LGBT rights]].
Gaga rose to prominence with her August 2008 debut album, ''[[The Fame]]'', which was a critical and commercial success. The record included the international number-one tracks "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" and "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]". In November 2009, her [[extended play]], ''[[The Fame Monster]]'', was released to a similar reception, and produced the hit singles "[[Bad Romance]]", "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", and "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]". Gaga's second studio album, ''[[Born This Way]]'', was released in May 2011 and topped albums charts in most major markets. It was preceded by the chart-topping songs "[[Born This Way (song)|Born This Way]]", "[[Judas (Lady Gaga song)|Judas]]", and "[[The Edge of Glory]]". After taking a sabbatical for a hip injury and the cancellation of the remaining dates of the [[Born This Way Ball Tour]], Gaga's third album ''[[Artpop]]'' was released in November 2013, and became her second number one album in the US.

⚫
Influenced by [[David Bowie]], [[Michael Jackson]], [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]], and [[Queen (band)|Queen]], Gaga is recognized for her flamboyant, diverse, and outré contributions to the music industry through her fashion, performances, and music videos. As of June 2014, she had sold an estimated 27 million albums and 125 million singles worldwide and her singles are some of the [[List of best-selling singles|best-selling worldwide]], making her one of [[List of best-selling music artists|the best-selling music artists]]. Gaga is also noted as a touring force as she has grossed more than $300 million in revenue from 3.2 million tickets for her first three worldwide concert tours.<ref name="tourforce">{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/legal-and-management/6114193/lady-gaga-and-manager-bobby-campbell-join-artist|title=Lady Gaga and Manager Bobby Campbell Join Artist Nation (Exclusive)|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=June 11, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2014}}</ref> [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her other achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Award]]s.

⚫
Gaga has consecutively appeared on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), ranked fourth in [[VH1]]'s list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, is the fourth best selling digital singles artist in US according to [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinum.php?content_selector=top-artists-digital-singles|title=RIAA&nbsp;– Top Artists (Digital Singles)|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|accessdate=July 28, 2013}}</ref> is regularly placed on lists composed by ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine, including their list of [[Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|The World's 100 Most Powerful Women]] from 2010 to 2014,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/power-women/|title=Power Women|date=May 28, 2014|accessdate=June 29, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> and was named one of the most influential people in the world by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Is Billboard's 2010 Artist of the Year, Ke$ha Takes Top New Act |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949522/lady-gaga-is-billboards-2010-artist-of-the-year-keha-takes-top-new-act |date=September 12, 2010 |author=Caulfield, Keith |work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref><ref name="forbesprofile">{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga |title=Lady Gaga Profile |work=[[Forbes]] |accessdate=October 8, 2010}}</ref>


==Life and career==
==Life and career==
Fusari claims to have created the "Lady Gaga" moniker after the Queen song "[[Radio Ga Ga]]". Gaga was in the process of trying to come up with a stage name when she received a text message from Fusari that read "Lady Gaga." He explained, "Every day, when Stef came to the studio, instead of saying hello, I would start singing 'Radio Ga Ga'. That was her entrance song" and that the text message was the result of a [[T9 (predictive text)|predictive text]] glitch that changed "radio" to "lady". She texted back, "That's it," and declared, "Don't ever call me Stefani again."<ref name="Nj.com">{{cite news | first=Lisa | last=Rose |title=Lady Gaga's outrageous persona born in Parsippany, New Jersey | date=January 21, 2010 | url =http://www.nj.com/entertainment/music/index.ssf/2010/01/lady_gaga_her_outrageous_perso.html | work=[[The Star-Ledger]] |accessdate = January 23, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Contactmusic.com"/>
Fusari claims to have created the "Lady Gaga" moniker after the Queen song "[[Radio Ga Ga]]". Gaga was in the process of trying to come up with a stage name when she received a text message from Fusari that read "Lady Gaga." He explained, "Every day, when Stef came to the studio, instead of saying hello, I would start singing 'Radio Ga Ga'. That was her entrance song" and that the text message was the result of a [[T9 (predictive text)|predictive text]] glitch that changed "radio" to "lady". She texted back, "That's it," and declared, "Don't ever call me Stefani again."<ref name="Nj.com">{{cite news | first=Lisa | last=Rose |title=Lady Gaga's outrageous persona born in Parsippany, New Jersey | date=January 21, 2010 | url =http://www.nj.com/entertainment/music/index.ssf/2010/01/lady_gaga_her_outrageous_perso.html | work=[[The Star-Ledger]] |accessdate = January 23, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Contactmusic.com"/>


Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced [[Synthpop|electropop]] tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/lady-gaga-new-ep |title=Lady Gaga unleashes an electro-pop 'Monster' |last=Resende|first=Sasha|date=December 9, 2009|accessdate=June 27, 2014|work=The Michigan Daily|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> Joshua Sarubin, the head of [[Artists and repertoire|A&R]] at [[Def Jam Recordings]], responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her "unusual and provocative" performance. After having his boss [[L.A. Reid|Antonio "L.A." Reid]] in agreement, Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.<ref name="jmgaga"/> However, she was dropped by the label after only three months&nbsp;– a period of her life that would later inspire her [[Film treatment|treatment]] for the music video for her 2011 single "Marry the Night".<ref name="Allmusic bio">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic |class=artist |id=lady-gaga-p1055684 |pure_url=yes}} |title=Lady Gaga |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=[[Allmusic]]. [[Rovi Corporation]] |accessdate=January 3, 2010}}</ref> Devastated, Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side. She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging [[neo-burlesque]] shows, [[go-go dancing]] at bars dressed in little more than a bikini in addition to experimenting with drugs.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/> Her relationship with Fusari also ended in January 2007.<ref name=Fusari2>{{cite journal|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/958922/lady-gaga-sued-by-producer-rob-fusari |title=Lady Gaga Sued By Producer Rob Fusari |magazine=Billboard |publisher=Prometheus Global Media |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> She became a go-go dancer at St. Jerome's, a Rivington Street [[Dive bar|dive]] in New York's lower East Side.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga's early days: "The sexual energy was palpable. You could smell it"|url=http://www.salon.com/2013/08/27/lady_gagas_early_days_the_sexual_energy_was_palpable_you_could_smell_it/singleton/|accessdate=September 2, 2013|newspaper=[[Salon (website)|Salon]]|date=August 27, 2013}}</ref> Her father Joe, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="Contactmusic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/info/lady_gaga |title=Lady GaGa Profile |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |publisher=[[Contactmusic.com]] }}</ref> "I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to [[Black Sabbath]] and singing songs about [[oral sex]]. The kids would scream and cheer and then we'd all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself."<ref name="always-famous"/> It was then when she became romantically involved with a [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film ''[[Grease (film)|Grease]]'': "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.<ref name="rsannual">{{cite journal |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=May 30, 2009 |title=The Rise of Lady Gaga |journal=Rolling Stone |location=New York |volume=1080 |issue=43 |issn=0035-791X}}</ref>
Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced [[Synthpop|electropop]] tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/lady-gaga-new-ep |title=Lady Gaga unleashes an electro-pop 'Monster' |last=Resende|first=Sasha|date=December 9, 2009|accessdate=June 27, 2014|work=The Michigan Daily|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> Joshua Sarubin, the head of [[Artists and repertoire|A&R]] at [[Def Jam Recordings]], responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her "unusual and provocative" performance. After having his boss [[L.A. Reid|Antonio "L.A." Reid]] in agreement, Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.<ref name="jmgaga"/> However, she was dropped by the label after only three months&nbsp;– a period of her life that would later inspire her [[Film treatment|treatment]] for the music video for her 2011 single "Marry the Night".<ref name="Allmusic bio">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic |class=artist |id=lady-gaga-p1055684 |pure_url=yes}} |title=Lady Gaga |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=[[Allmusic]]. [[Rovi Corporation]] |accessdate=January 3, 2010}}</ref> Devastated, Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side. She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging [[neo-burlesque]] shows, [[go-go dancing]] at bars dressed in little more than a bikini in addition to experimenting with drugs.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/> Her relationship with Fusari also ended in January 2007.<ref name=Fusari2>{{cite journal|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/958922/lady-gaga-sued-by-producer-rob-fusari |title=Lady Gaga Sued By Producer Rob Fusari |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]] |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> She became a go-go dancer at St. Jerome's, a Rivington Street [[Dive bar|dive]] in New York's lower East Side.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga's early days: "The sexual energy was palpable. You could smell it"|url=http://www.salon.com/2013/08/27/lady_gagas_early_days_the_sexual_energy_was_palpable_you_could_smell_it/singleton/|accessdate=September 2, 2013|newspaper=[[Salon (website)|Salon]]|date=August 27, 2013}}</ref> Her father Joe, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="Contactmusic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/info/lady_gaga |title=Lady GaGa Profile |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |publisher=[[Contactmusic.com]] }}</ref> "I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to [[Black Sabbath]] and singing songs about [[oral sex]]. The kids would scream and cheer and then we'd all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself."<ref name="always-famous"/> It was then when she became romantically involved with a [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film ''[[Grease (film)|Grease]]'': "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.<ref name="rsannual">{{cite journal |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=May 30, 2009 |title=The Rise of Lady Gaga |journal=Rolling Stone |location=New York |volume=1080 |issue=43 |issn=0035-791X}}</ref>


[[File:Gaga at bazaar.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Gaga performing in a bar, sporting one of her earlier looks, October 2008|alt=Full right profile of a young blond woman, surrounded by sitting spectators in a pub. She wears a black leotard and her long hair falls around her side. With her right hand she holds a pair of video sunglasses to her eyes.]]
[[File:Gaga at bazaar.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Gaga performing in a bar, sporting one of her earlier looks, October 2008|alt=Full right profile of a young blond woman, surrounded by sitting spectators in a pub. She wears a black leotard and her long hair falls around her side. With her right hand she holds a pair of video sunglasses to her eyes.]]
She called the October 11, 2009, [[National Equality March]] rally on the [[National Mall]] "the single most important event of her career."<ref name="E!">{{cite news |url=http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/b148428_kanye_who_lady_gaga_teams_up_with.html |title=Kanye Who? Lady Gaga Teams Up With President Obama |accessdate=December 12, 2009 |first=Fowler |last=Brand |date=October 12, 2009 |work=[[E! Entertainment Television]] |publisher=E! Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621407/20090914/lady_gaga.jhtml | title=Lady Gaga's Shocking 2009 VMA Fashion Choices | date=August 14, 2009 | last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |publisher=MTV | accessdate=August 19, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga performs her version of 'Imagine' at the Human Rights Campaign dinner in Washington D.C |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2009/10/12/2009-10-12_lady_gaga_performs_her_version_of_imagine_at_the_human_rights_campaign_dinner_in.html |work=Daily News |date=December 10, 2009 |accessdate=June 12, 2010 |author=Carter, Nicole}}</ref> Gaga attended the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards accompanied by four gay and lesbian former members of the [[United States Armed Forces]] who had been unable to serve [[Coming out|openly]] under the U.S. military's "[[Don't ask, don't tell]]" (DADT) policy.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga Goes Political in Maine |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 20, 2010 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/21/us/politics/21gaga.html |last=Zezima |first=Katy |accessdate=September 21, 2010}}</ref> Gaga released three videos on YouTube urging her fans to contact their Senators in an effort to overturn DADT. In September 2010 she spoke at a [[Servicemembers Legal Defense Network]]'s rally in [[Portland, Maine|Portland]], Maine. Following this event, editors of ''[[The Advocate]]'' commented that she had become "the real fierce advocate" for gays and lesbians, one that Barack Obama had promised to be.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.advocate.com/News/Daily_News/2010/09/21/Lady_Gaga_Weve_Found_Our_Fierce_Advocate/ |title=Gaga: We've Found Our Fierce Advocate |accessdate=September 21, 2010 |date=September 28, 2010 |work=The Advocate}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Obama: I'm a 'Fierce Advocate' for Gay and Lesbians |work=The Washington Independent |date=December 8, 2008 |url=http://washingtonindependent.com/22526/obama-im-a-fierce-advocate-for-gay-and-lesbians |last=McGann |first=Laura |accessdate=September 28, 2010}}</ref> Gaga appeared at [[Europride]], a pan-European international event dedicated to LGBT pride, held in Rome in June 2011. She criticized the intolerant state of [[LGBT rights in Europe|gay rights in many European countries]] and described homosexuals as "revolutionaries of love".<ref name=mtvrome>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa Performs At EuroPride In Rome|url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/lady-gaga/news/276972-lady-gaga-europride-italy-gay-rights|date=June 13, 2011|accessdate=June 20, 2011|publisher=MTV}}</ref>
She called the October 11, 2009, [[National Equality March]] rally on the [[National Mall]] "the single most important event of her career."<ref name="E!">{{cite news |url=http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/b148428_kanye_who_lady_gaga_teams_up_with.html |title=Kanye Who? Lady Gaga Teams Up With President Obama |accessdate=December 12, 2009 |first=Fowler |last=Brand |date=October 12, 2009 |work=[[E! Entertainment Television]] |publisher=E! Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621407/20090914/lady_gaga.jhtml | title=Lady Gaga's Shocking 2009 VMA Fashion Choices | date=August 14, 2009 | last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |publisher=MTV | accessdate=August 19, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga performs her version of 'Imagine' at the Human Rights Campaign dinner in Washington D.C |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2009/10/12/2009-10-12_lady_gaga_performs_her_version_of_imagine_at_the_human_rights_campaign_dinner_in.html |work=Daily News |date=December 10, 2009 |accessdate=June 12, 2010 |author=Carter, Nicole}}</ref> Gaga attended the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards accompanied by four gay and lesbian former members of the [[United States Armed Forces]] who had been unable to serve [[Coming out|openly]] under the U.S. military's "[[Don't ask, don't tell]]" (DADT) policy.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga Goes Political in Maine |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 20, 2010 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/21/us/politics/21gaga.html |last=Zezima |first=Katy |accessdate=September 21, 2010}}</ref> Gaga released three videos on YouTube urging her fans to contact their Senators in an effort to overturn DADT. In September 2010 she spoke at a [[Servicemembers Legal Defense Network]]'s rally in [[Portland, Maine|Portland]], Maine. Following this event, editors of ''[[The Advocate]]'' commented that she had become "the real fierce advocate" for gays and lesbians, one that Barack Obama had promised to be.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.advocate.com/News/Daily_News/2010/09/21/Lady_Gaga_Weve_Found_Our_Fierce_Advocate/ |title=Gaga: We've Found Our Fierce Advocate |accessdate=September 21, 2010 |date=September 28, 2010 |work=The Advocate}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Obama: I'm a 'Fierce Advocate' for Gay and Lesbians |work=The Washington Independent |date=December 8, 2008 |url=http://washingtonindependent.com/22526/obama-im-a-fierce-advocate-for-gay-and-lesbians |last=McGann |first=Laura |accessdate=September 28, 2010}}</ref> Gaga appeared at [[Europride]], a pan-European international event dedicated to LGBT pride, held in Rome in June 2011. She criticized the intolerant state of [[LGBT rights in Europe|gay rights in many European countries]] and described homosexuals as "revolutionaries of love".<ref name=mtvrome>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa Performs At EuroPride In Rome|url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/lady-gaga/news/276972-lady-gaga-europride-italy-gay-rights|date=June 13, 2011|accessdate=June 20, 2011|publisher=MTV}}</ref>
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==Achievements==
{{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga}}
{{Expand section|date=July 2014}}
⚫
As of June 2014, she had sold an estimated 27 million albums and 125 million singles worldwide and her singles are some of the [[List of best-selling singles|best-selling worldwide]], making her one of [[List of best-selling music artists|the best-selling music artists]]. Gaga is also noted as a touring force as she has grossed more than $300 million in revenue from 3.2 million tickets for her first three worldwide concert tours.<ref name="tourforce">{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/legal-and-management/6114193/lady-gaga-and-manager-bobby-campbell-join-artist|title=Lady Gaga and Manager Bobby Campbell Join Artist Nation (Exclusive)|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|work=Billboard|date=June 11, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2014}}</ref> [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her other achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Award]]s.

⚫
Gaga has consecutively appeared on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), ranked fourth in [[VH1]]'s list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, is the fourth best selling digital singles artist in US according to [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinum.php?content_selector=top-artists-digital-singles|title=RIAA&nbsp;– Top Artists (Digital Singles)|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|accessdate=July 28, 2013}}</ref> is regularly placed on lists composed by ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine, including their list of [[Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|The World's 100 Most Powerful Women]] from 2010 to 2014,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/power-women/|title=Power Women|date=May 28, 2014|accessdate=June 29, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> and was named one of the most influential people in the world by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Is Billboard's 2010 Artist of the Year, Ke$ha Takes Top New Act |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949522/lady-gaga-is-billboards-2010-artist-of-the-year-keha-takes-top-new-act |date=September 12, 2010 |author=Caulfield, Keith |work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref><ref name="forbesprofile">{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga |title=Lady Gaga Profile |work=Forbes |accessdate=October 8, 2010}}</ref>


==Discography==
==Discography==

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'Lady Gaga'
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'{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2014}} {{pp-move-indef}} {{pp-semi-blp|small=yes}} {{Infobox person | name = Lady Gaga | image = Lady Gaga Roseland GUY edited.jpg | caption = Gaga performing at the [[Roseland Ballroom]] in April 2014 | birth_name = Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta | birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1986|3|28}} | birth_place = [[New York City|New York]], [[New York]], U.S. | alma_mater = [[New York University]] (dropped out) | years_active = 2001–present | occupation = {{flat list| *Singer *songwriter *record producer *actress *philanthropist}} | net_worth = [[United States dollar|$]]110 million (2011 estimate)<ref>{{cite web|last=Killoran|first=Ellen|title=Lady Gaga: How Much is She Worth?|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/lady-gaga-how-much-she-worth-292937|publisher=[[International Business Times]]. IBT Media|accessdate=March 26, 2014|date=June 22, 2011}}</ref> | module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | background = solo_singer | instrument = {{flat list| *Vocals *piano *guitar }} | years_active = 2005–present | Genre = {{flat list| *[[Synthpop|Electropop]] *[[dance-pop]] }} | label = {{flat list| *[[Def Jam Recordings|Def Jam]] *[[Cherrytree Records|Cherrytree]] *[[KonLive Distribution|KonLive]] *Streamline *[[Interscope Records|Interscope]]}}<!--in chronological order: dropped from Def Jam, left Cherrytree, then KonLive; currently signed with Streamline/Interscope--> }} | website = {{URL|ladygaga.com}} }} '''Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|ɛ|f|ə|n|iː|_|dʒ|ɜr|m|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|t|ə}} {{Respell|STE|fə-nee}} {{Respell|jur-mə|not|ə}}; born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name '''Lady Gaga''', is an American singer. She was born, raised, and lives in [[New York City]].<ref name=ForbesProfile>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga|url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga/|accessdate=March 8, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Gaga studied at the [[Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York City)|Convent of the Sacred Heart]] before briefly attending [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)]]. She withdrew from CAP21 to focus on her musical career. She soon began performing in the rock music scene of [[Manhattan]]'s [[Lower East Side]]. By the end of 2007, record executive and producer [[Vincent Herbert]] signed her to his label Streamline Records, an imprint of [[Interscope Records]]. Initially working as a songwriter at Interscope Records, her vocal abilities captured the attention of recording artist [[Akon]], who also signed her to [[Kon Live Distribution]], his own label under Interscope. Gaga rose to prominence with her August 2008 debut album, ''[[The Fame]]'', which was a critical and commercial success. The record included the international number-one tracks "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" and "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]". In November 2009, her [[extended play]], ''[[The Fame Monster]]'', was released to a similar reception, and produced the hit singles "[[Bad Romance]]", "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", and "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]". Gaga's second studio album, ''[[Born This Way]]'', was released in May 2011 and topped albums charts in most major markets. It was preceded by the chart-topping songs "[[Born This Way (song)|Born This Way]]", "[[Judas (Lady Gaga song)|Judas]]", and "[[The Edge of Glory]]". After taking a sabbatical for a hip injury and the cancellation of the remaining dates of the [[Born This Way Ball Tour]], Gaga's third album ''[[Artpop]]'' was released in November 2013, and became her second number one album in the US. Influenced by [[David Bowie]], [[Michael Jackson]], [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]], and [[Queen (band)|Queen]], Gaga is recognized for her flamboyant, diverse, and outré contributions to the music industry through her fashion, performances, and music videos. As of June 2014, she had sold an estimated 27 million albums and 125 million singles worldwide and her singles are some of the [[List of best-selling singles|best-selling worldwide]], making her one of [[List of best-selling music artists|the best-selling music artists]]. Gaga is also noted as a touring force as she has grossed more than $300 million in revenue from 3.2 million tickets for her first three worldwide concert tours.<ref name="tourforce">{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/legal-and-management/6114193/lady-gaga-and-manager-bobby-campbell-join-artist|title=Lady Gaga and Manager Bobby Campbell Join Artist Nation (Exclusive)|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=June 11, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2014}}</ref> [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her other achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Award]]s. Gaga has consecutively appeared on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), ranked fourth in [[VH1]]'s list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, is the fourth best selling digital singles artist in US according to [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinum.php?content_selector=top-artists-digital-singles|title=RIAA&nbsp;– Top Artists (Digital Singles)|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|accessdate=July 28, 2013}}</ref> is regularly placed on lists composed by ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine, including their list of [[Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|The World's 100 Most Powerful Women]] from 2010 to 2014,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/power-women/|title=Power Women|date=May 28, 2014|accessdate=June 29, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> and was named one of the most influential people in the world by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Is Billboard's 2010 Artist of the Year, Ke$ha Takes Top New Act |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949522/lady-gaga-is-billboards-2010-artist-of-the-year-keha-takes-top-new-act |date=September 12, 2010 |author=Caulfield, Keith |work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref><ref name="forbesprofile">{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga |title=Lady Gaga Profile |work=[[Forbes]] |accessdate=October 8, 2010}}</ref> ==Life and career== ===1986–2004: Early life=== Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta was born in [[New York City]] to a Catholic family on March 28, 1986.<ref>{{cite journal|first=Nuzrat|last=Naoreen|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20685759,00.html|title=Monitor: Court trips, birthdays, and more|journal=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=March 29, 2013|accessdate=May 24, 2013|issue=1252|page=30}}</ref> She is the elder daughter of internet entrepreneur Joseph Anthony "Joe" Germanotta, Jr. and Cynthia Louise "Cindy" Bissett (born c. 1955).<ref name="tvguide">{{cite web |url=http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/lady-gaga/bio/294098 |title=Lady GaGa: Biography |work=[[TV Guide]] |accessdate=July 28, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's Universe: Mom Cynthia Germanotta|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/pictures/lady-gagas-universe-20110524/mom-cynthia-germanotta-0501272|publisher=Jann Wenner|work=Rolling Stone|accessdate=March 25, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/mom-accompanies-gaga-to-control-her-wild-ways-news-hollywood-leeokdibddf.html |title=Mom accompanies Gaga to control her wild ways |publisher=Sify.com |accessdate=October 20, 2011}}</ref> Gaga has Italian and French ancestry.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's Universe: Dad Joseph Germanotta|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/pictures/lady-gagas-universe-20110524/dad-joseph-germanotta-0872278|publisher=Jann Wenner|work=Rolling Stone|accessdate=March 25, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Pierce|first=Kathleen|title=Just call him pop culture's sleuth|url=http://www.boston.com/ae/celebrity/articles/2011/05/14/just_call_chris_child_pop_cultures_genealogy_sleuth/|accessdate=April 23, 2014|newspaper=The Boston Globe|date=May 14, 2011}}</ref> Her sister Natali (born c. 1992) is a fashion student.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's Little Sister, Natali Germanotta Tells All|url=http://www.teenvogue.com/style/2011/09/natali-germanotta#intro|work=Teen Vogue|accessdate=December 4, 2011|first=Amanda|last=FitzSimons}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/b171698_lady_gagas_sis_makes_cameo_in_telephone.html|title=Lady Gaga's Sis Makes Cameo in "Telephone" Video|publisher=uk.eonline.com, [[E! Online]]|accessdate=May 30, 2011}}</ref> Despite her affluent upbringing on Manhattan's [[Upper West Side]], Gaga says that her parents "both came from lower-class families, so we've worked for everything—my mother worked eight to eight out of the house, in telecommunications, and so did my father."<ref name="jmgaga">{{Cite book|last=Morgan|first=Johnny|title=Gaga|year=2010|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=1-4027-8059-1}}</ref><ref name="TimesOnlineDec09">{{cite news | first=Lynn | last=Barber | title=Shady lady: The truth about pop's Lady Gaga |work=The Sunday Times |location=London | url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article6940885.ece | authorlink=Lynn Barber | date=December 6, 2009 | accessdate=June 14, 2010 }}</ref> From age eleven she attended the [[Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York City)|Convent of the Sacred Heart]], a private all-girls Roman Catholic school on Manhattan's [[Upper East Side]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1641149/lady-gagas-alejandro-director-defends-videos-religious-symbolism.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga's 'Alejandro' Director Defends Video's Religious Symbolism |last=Montogomery |first=James |date=June 9, 2010 |accessdate=January 11, 2011 |publisher=MTV }}</ref><ref name="Times Online.co.uk">{{cite news | first=Collins |last=Hattie |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article5325327.ece |title=Lady GaGa: the future of pop? |date=December 14, 2008 |work=The Sunday Times |location=London |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517105434/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article5325327.ece |archivedate=May 17, 2011 |accessdate=December 6, 2009}}</ref><ref name="independent">{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/lady-gaga-how-the-world-went-crazy-for-the-new-queen-of-pop-1684375.html |title=Lady Gaga: How the world went crazy for the new queen of pop |last=Sturges |first=Fiona |date=May 16, 2009 |work=The Independent |accessdate=May 26, 2009 }}</ref> She described her academic life in high school as "very dedicated, very studious, very disciplined" but also "a bit insecure": "I used to get made fun of for being either too provocative or too eccentric, so I started to tone it down. I didn't fit in, and I felt like a freak."<ref>{{cite news | first=Jon | last=Bream |title=Don't Gag on Gaga | date=March 21, 2009 | url =http://www.startribune.com/entertainment/music/41533957.html | work=[[Star Tribune]] | accessdate = January 23, 2010 }}</ref> Gaga began playing the piano at the age of four, wrote her first piano ballad at thirteen, and started to perform at [[open mic]] nights by the age of fourteen.<ref name="Bio2">{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNa_-1d_0tA | title=Musicians @ google interview |publisher=YouTube | accessdate=March 22, 2011}}</ref> She performed lead roles in high school productions, including Adelaide in ''[[Guys and Dolls]]'' and Philia in ''[[A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum]]''.<ref name="growingupgaga">{{cite news | first= Vanessa | last=Grigoriadis |authorlink= Vanessa Grigoriadis | title=Growing Up Gaga| date=March 28, 2010 |url=http://nymag.com/arts/popmusic/features/65127 | work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]] |accessdate=March 29, 2010 }}</ref> She also appeared in a very small role as a mischievous classmate in the television drama series ''[[The Sopranos]]'' in a 2001 episode titled "[[The Telltale Moozadell]]" and auditioned for New York shows without success.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's 'Sopranos' Cameo Surfaces|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1649702/lady-gagas-sopranos-cameo-surfaces.jhtml |date=October 11, 2010|accessdate=July 2, 2011|first=Eric|last=Ditzian|publisher=MTV}}</ref> After high school, her mother encouraged her to apply for the [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)]], a musical theater training [[Music school|conservatory]] at [[New York University]]'s [[Tisch School of the Arts]].<ref name="jmgaga"/> By age seventeen, after becoming one of twenty students to gain early admission, she lived in an [[New York University residence halls|NYU dorm]] on 11th Street.<ref name="growingupgaga"/> In addition to sharpening her songwriting skills, she composed essays and analytical papers on art, religion, social issues, and politics, including a [[thesis]] on pop artists [[Spencer Tunick]] and [[Damien Hirst]].<ref name='always-famous'>{{cite news | title = Lady Gaga: 'I've always been famous, you just didn't know it' | date = February 16, 2010 | url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/7221051/Lady-Gaga-Ive-always-been-famous-you-just-didnt-know-it.html | work=The Telegraph | last= Carlton |first=Andrew |accessdate = February 9, 2011}}</ref><ref name=ARTISTdirect>{{cite web |url=http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/news/article/0,,4931544,00.html |title= Interview: Lady GaGa |accessdate=February 18, 2009 |last=Florino |first= Rick |date=January 30, 2009 |publisher=[[Artistdirect]]. Artistdirect, Inc.}}</ref> She also auditioned for various roles and won the part of an unsuspecting diner customer for MTV's ''[[Boiling Points]]'', a prank reality television show.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Vintage Lady Gaga! Watch Gaga On MTV's 'Boiling Points' In 2005|url=http://buzzworthy.mtv.com/2009/10/05/vintage-lady-gaga-watch-gaga-on-mtvs-boiling-points-in-2005/|publisher=MTV|date=October 5, 2009|accessdate=July 2, 2011|first=Tamar|last=Anitai}}</ref> {{clear}} ===2005–07: Career beginnings=== [[File:Lady Gaga at Lollapalooza 2007.jpg|thumb|Gaga (right) performing with [[Lady Starlight]] (left) at [[Lollapalooza]] 2007]] Gaga withdrew from CAP21 at 19, in the second semester of her sophomore year, deciding to focus on her musical career.<ref name="mtv 55">{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1589013/20080609/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady GaGa Brings Her Artistic Vision Of Pop Music To New Album |last=Harris |first=Chris |date=June 9, 2008 |accessdate=May 7, 2009 |publisher=MTV }}</ref> Her father agreed to pay her rent for a year, on the condition that she re-enroll at Tisch if unsuccessful. "I left my entire family, got the cheapest apartment I could find, and ate shit until somebody would listen," she remembers.<ref name="growingupgaga"/> Settled in a small apartment on [[Rivington Street (Manhattan)|Rivington Street]] towards the summer of 2005, Gaga recorded a couple of songs with hip-hop singer [[Melle Mel|Grandmaster Melle Mel]], for an audio book accompanying the children's book ''The Portal in the Park'', by Cricket Casey.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref>{{cite news | url=http://blogs.villagevoice.com/dailymusto/2010/01/lady_gaga_did_a.php | title=Lady Gaga Did a Children's Book In 2007! | date=January 19, 2010 |work=[[The Village Voice]] |last=Musto |first=Michael |accessdate=January 19, 2010}}</ref> She also began a band called the Stefani Germanotta Band (SGBand) with some friends from NYU&nbsp;– guitarist Calvin Pia, bassist Eli Silverman, drummer Alex Beckham and booking manager [[Frank Fredericks (musician)|Frank Fredericks]]&nbsp;– in September of that year.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="growingupgaga"/> The band played a mixture of songs: some self-penned alongside classic rock numbers like [[Led Zeppelin]]'s "[[D'yer Mak'er]]". Playing in bars like the [[Greenwich Village]]'s [[The Bitter End]] and the Lower East Side's the [[Mercury Lounge]], the band developed a small fan base and caught the eye of music producer Joe Vulpis.<ref name="jmgaga"/> Soon after arranging time in Vulpis' studio in the months that followed, SGBand were selling their extended plays ''Words'' and ''Red and Blue'' (both 2005) at gigs around New York while becoming a local fixture of the downtown Lower East Side club scene.<ref name="growingupgaga"/> In March 2006, Gaga met music producer [[Rob Fusari]]. The two began dating in May.<ref name=Fusari1>{{cite news|last=Kaufman |first=Gil |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1634292/lady-gaga-rob-fusari-lawsuit-closer-look.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga/ Rob Fusari Lawsuit: A Closer Look&nbsp;– Music, Celebrity, Artist News |publisher=MTV News. Viacom |date=March 19, 2010 |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> SGBand reached their career peak at the 2006 [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] New Songwriters Showcase at [[The Cutting Room]] in June where [[Wendy Starland]], a musician, appeared as a talent scout for Fusari. Starland informed Fusari&nbsp;– who was searching for a female singer to front a new band&nbsp;– of Gaga's ability and contacted her. With SGBand disbanded, Gaga traveled daily to New Jersey to work on songs she had written and compose new material with the music producer.<ref name="jmgaga"/> While in collaboration, Fusari compared some of her vocal harmonies to those of [[Freddie Mercury]], lead singer of [[Queen (band)|Queen]].<ref name="mirrorstone">{{cite news |url=http://www.mirror.co.uk/celebs/news/2009/05/28/lady-gaga-gets-naked-for-rolling-stone-cover-shoot-see-her-sexy-pictures-here-115875-21396568/ |title=Lady GaGa gets naked for Rolling Stone cover shoot |last=Gregory |first=Jason |date=May 28, 2009 |work=Daily Mirror |publisher=Trinity Mirror |accessdate=May 28, 2009}}</ref> Fusari claims to have created the "Lady Gaga" moniker after the Queen song "[[Radio Ga Ga]]". Gaga was in the process of trying to come up with a stage name when she received a text message from Fusari that read "Lady Gaga." He explained, "Every day, when Stef came to the studio, instead of saying hello, I would start singing 'Radio Ga Ga'. That was her entrance song" and that the text message was the result of a [[T9 (predictive text)|predictive text]] glitch that changed "radio" to "lady". She texted back, "That's it," and declared, "Don't ever call me Stefani again."<ref name="Nj.com">{{cite news | first=Lisa | last=Rose |title=Lady Gaga's outrageous persona born in Parsippany, New Jersey | date=January 21, 2010 | url =http://www.nj.com/entertainment/music/index.ssf/2010/01/lady_gaga_her_outrageous_perso.html | work=[[The Star-Ledger]] |accessdate = January 23, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Contactmusic.com"/> Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced [[Synthpop|electropop]] tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/lady-gaga-new-ep |title=Lady Gaga unleashes an electro-pop 'Monster' |last=Resende|first=Sasha|date=December 9, 2009|accessdate=June 27, 2014|work=The Michigan Daily|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> Joshua Sarubin, the head of [[Artists and repertoire|A&R]] at [[Def Jam Recordings]], responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her "unusual and provocative" performance. After having his boss [[L.A. Reid|Antonio "L.A." Reid]] in agreement, Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.<ref name="jmgaga"/> However, she was dropped by the label after only three months&nbsp;– a period of her life that would later inspire her [[Film treatment|treatment]] for the music video for her 2011 single "Marry the Night".<ref name="Allmusic bio">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic |class=artist |id=lady-gaga-p1055684 |pure_url=yes}} |title=Lady Gaga |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=[[Allmusic]]. [[Rovi Corporation]] |accessdate=January 3, 2010}}</ref> Devastated, Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side. She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging [[neo-burlesque]] shows, [[go-go dancing]] at bars dressed in little more than a bikini in addition to experimenting with drugs.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/> Her relationship with Fusari also ended in January 2007.<ref name=Fusari2>{{cite journal|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/958922/lady-gaga-sued-by-producer-rob-fusari |title=Lady Gaga Sued By Producer Rob Fusari |magazine=Billboard |publisher=Prometheus Global Media |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> She became a go-go dancer at St. Jerome's, a Rivington Street [[Dive bar|dive]] in New York's lower East Side.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga's early days: "The sexual energy was palpable. You could smell it"|url=http://www.salon.com/2013/08/27/lady_gagas_early_days_the_sexual_energy_was_palpable_you_could_smell_it/singleton/|accessdate=September 2, 2013|newspaper=[[Salon (website)|Salon]]|date=August 27, 2013}}</ref> Her father Joe, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="Contactmusic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/info/lady_gaga |title=Lady GaGa Profile |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |publisher=[[Contactmusic.com]] }}</ref> "I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to [[Black Sabbath]] and singing songs about [[oral sex]]. The kids would scream and cheer and then we'd all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself."<ref name="always-famous"/> It was then when she became romantically involved with a [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film ''[[Grease (film)|Grease]]'': "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.<ref name="rsannual">{{cite journal |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=May 30, 2009 |title=The Rise of Lady Gaga |journal=Rolling Stone |location=New York |volume=1080 |issue=43 |issn=0035-791X}}</ref> [[File:Gaga at bazaar.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Gaga performing in a bar, sporting one of her earlier looks, October 2008|alt=Full right profile of a young blond woman, surrounded by sitting spectators in a pub. She wears a black leotard and her long hair falls around her side. With her right hand she holds a pair of video sunglasses to her eyes.]] During this time, she met performance artist [[Lady Starlight]], who helped mold her on-stage persona.<ref name="Blast">{{cite news |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/entertainment/meet-the-woman-who-inspired-lady-gaga_100324226.html |title=Meet the woman who inspired Lady Gaga |last=Cassis |first=Christine |date=February 22, 2010 |publisher=Thaindian News |accessdate=February 3, 2010}}</ref> Starlight explained that, upon their first meeting, Gaga wanted to perform with her to songs she had recorded with Fusari. Like SGBand, the pair soon began performing at many of the downtown club venues like the [[Mercury Lounge]], The Bitter End, and the Rockwood Music Hall. Their live performance art piece was known as "Lady Gaga and the Starlight Revue" and, billed as "The Ultimate Pop Burlesque Rockshow", was a low-fi tribute to 1970s variety acts.<ref name="seattleweekly">{{cite news |url=http://www.seattleweekly.com/2008-11-19/music/lady-gaga-some-like-it-pop/ |title=Lady GaGa: Some Like it Pop |last=Hobart |first=Erika |date=November 18, 2008 |work=[[Seattle Weekly]] |accessdate=January 10, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/535267 |title=Lady Gaga |date= July 9, 2007 |publisher=[[Broadcast Music Incorporated]] |accessdate=February 26, 2009}}</ref> Soon after, the two were invited to play at the 2007 [[Lollapalooza]] music festival in August that year.<ref name="WMagazine">{{cite news |url=http://www.wmagazine.com/celebrities/2007/10/lady_gaga |title=Going Ga-Ga for Lady Gaga |last=D'Souza |first=Nandini |date=October 18, 2007 |work=[[W (magazine)|W Magazine]] |accessdate=January 3, 2009 }}</ref> The show was critically acclaimed, and their performance received positive reviews.<ref name="seattleweekly"/> Having initially focused on [[avant-garde]] [[electronic dance music]], Gaga had found her musical [[niche market|niche]] when she began to incorporate pop melodies and the [[glam rock]] of [[David Bowie]] and Queen into her music. While Gaga and Starlight were busy performing, producer Rob Fusari continued to work on the songs he had created with Gaga. Fusari sent these songs to his friend, producer and [[Music executive|record executive]] [[Vincent Herbert]].<ref name="trans26">{{cite video |title=Transmission Gaga-vision: Episode 26 |date=December 16, 2008 |publisher=Lady Gaga Official website |people=Haus of GaGa }}</ref> Herbert was quick to sign her to his label Streamline Records, an [[Trade name|imprint]] of [[Interscope Records]], upon its establishment in 2007.<ref name="newimprent">{{cite journal |last=Mitchell |first=Gail |date=November 10, 2007 |title=Interscope's New Imprint |journal=Billboard |volume=119 |issue=45 |page=14 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=xw4EAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PA14&dq=%22vincent%20herbert%20launches%20streamline%22&pg=PA14#v=onepage&q= |accessdate=May 6, 2010 |issn=0006-2510}}</ref> Gaga later credited Herbert as the man who discovered her, adding "I really feel like we made pop history, and we're gonna keep going."<ref name="trans26" /> Having served as an apprentice songwriter under an internship at [[Famous Music|Famous Music Publishing]], which was later acquired by [[Sony/ATV Music Publishing]], Gaga subsequently struck a [[music publisher (popular music)|music publishing]] deal with Sony/ATV. As a result, she was hired to write songs for [[Britney Spears]] and labelmates [[New Kids on the Block]], [[Fergie (singer)|Fergie]], and [[The Pussycat Dolls]].<ref name="bbcover">{{cite news |last=Harding |first=Cortney |date=August 15, 2009 |title=Lady Gaga: The Billboard Cover Story |work=Billboard|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/267810/lady-gaga-the-billboard-cover-story |accessdate=May 6, 2010}}</ref> At Interscope, singer-songwriter [[Akon]] recognized her vocal abilities when she sang a reference vocal for one of his tracks in studio.<ref name="totallygaga">{{cite news |url=http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/features/Lady-GaGa-Totally-GaGa.4891798.jp |title=Lady GaGa: Totally Ga-Ga |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Cowing |first= Emma |date=January 20, 2009 |work=The Scotsman }}</ref> Akon then convinced [[Interscope-Geffen-A&M]] Chairman and CEO [[Jimmy Iovine]] to form a joint deal by having her also sign with his own label [[Kon Live Distribution|Kon Live]], making her his "franchise player."<ref name="Allmusic bio" /><ref name="franchise">{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1613350/20090605/akon.jhtml |title=Akon Calls Lady Gaga His 'Franchise Player' |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |date=June 5, 2009 |publisher=MTV |accessdate=June 20, 2009}}</ref> Towards the end of 2007, her former management company introduced her to songwriter and producer [[RedOne]], whom they also managed.<ref name="hitquarters.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.hitquarters.com/index.php3?page=intrview/opar/intrview_RedOne_Interview.html |title=Interview With RedOne |date=March 23, 2009 |publisher=[[HitQuarters]] |accessdate=December 19, 2009}}</ref> The first song she produced with RedOne was "Boys Boys Boys", a [[mashup (music)|mash-up]] inspired by [[Mötley Crüe]]'s "[[Girls, Girls, Girls (Mötley Crüe song)|Girls, Girls, Girls]]" and [[AC/DC]]'s "[[T.N.T. (song)|T.N.T.]]".<ref name="Contactmusic.com" /> Gaga continued her collaboration with RedOne in the recording studio for a week on her debut album and also joined the roster of [[Cherrytree Records]], an Interscope imprint established by producer and songwriter [[Martin Kierszenbaum]], after co-writing four songs with Kierszenbaum including the singles "[[Christmas Tree (Lady Gaga song)|Christmas Tree]]" and "[[Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)]]".<ref name="bbcover" /> Despite her secure record deal, she admitted that there was fear about her being too "racy", "dance-orientated" and "underground" for the mainstream market. Her response: "My name is Lady Gaga, I've been on the music scene for years, and I'm telling you, this is what's next."<ref name="independent"/> {{clear}} ===2008–10: ''The Fame'' and ''The Fame Monster''=== By 2008, Gaga relocated to Los Angeles in order to work extensively with her record label to complete her debut album and set up her own creative team called the [[Haus of Gaga]], modeled on [[Andy Warhol]]'s [[The Factory|Factory]].<ref name="Contactmusic.com" /><ref name="ehqueenofpop">{{cite book|last=Herbert|first=Emily|year=2010|title=[[Lady Gaga: Queen of Pop]]|publisher=[[John Blake Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-84454-963-4 }}</ref> ''[[The Fame]]'' was first released on August 19, 2008 to slow radio play. Gaga supported it by performing around Europe and in small gay clubs around the US in addition to being billed as a supporting artist on the North American leg of New Kids on the Block's [[New Kids on the Block: Live|reunion concert tour]].<ref name="smashhits">{{cite journal|last1=Paramor|first1=Jordan|year=2010|title=Smash Hits Special: Lady Gaga|journal=Smash Hits}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=International Pop Star Lady Gaga Set to Tour With New Kids on the Block |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]] |date=January 8, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/10/04/idUS16002+04-Oct-2008+PRN20081004 |accessdate=January 8, 2009}}</ref> A [[sleeper hit]], lead single "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]", had preceded the album's release by four months but only hit the summit of the international charts in January 2009, provoking the instant success of the album, earning her first [[Grammy Award]] nomination (for [[Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording|Best Dance Recording]]) and becoming one of the [[List of best-selling singles worldwide|best-selling singles worldwide]].<ref name="smashhits"/><ref name="Grammy">{{cite web |url=http://www2.grammy.com/grammy_awards/51st_show/list.aspx |title=The 51st Annual Grammy Awards Nominations List |publisher=[[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]] |accessdate=January 2, 2009}}</ref> Gaga achieved a greater unexpected success when "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]", another sleeper hit, reached number one in most major music markets worldwide in early 2009, selling 9.8 million singles worldwide.<ref name="Poker Face on acharts">{{cite web |url=http://acharts.us/song/37371 |title=Lady Gaga&nbsp;– Poker Face&nbsp;– World Charts |publisher=aCharts.us |accessdate=January 3, 2009}}</ref><ref name="Lady Gaga World Tour">{{cite web |url=http://www.viagogo.co.uk/News/Lady-Gaga-Tour-Outfits |title=Lady Gaga World Tour |publisher=Press Association |accessdate=March 19, 2012}}</ref> It won the award for Best Dance Recording at the [[52nd Annual Grammy Awards]], with nominations for [[Grammy Award for Song of the Year|Song of the Year]] and [[Grammy Award for Record of the Year|Record of the Year]]. [[File:Lady Gaga @ Montreal concert.jpg|thumb|upright|Gaga performing at [[The Fame Ball Tour]] in 2009]] ''The Fame'' itself was nominated for [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]] while winning [[Grammy Award for Best Dance/Electronica Album|Best Dance/Electronica Album]] at the same ceremony.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/SHOWBIZ/Music/01/31/grammys.winner.list/index.html |title=List of Grammy winners |publisher=CNN. [[Turner Broadcasting System]] |date=February 1, 2010 |accessdate=April 25, 2010}}</ref> Contemporary critics lauded the album, describing it as an exploration of her obsession with [[celebrity|fame]] and the intricacies of a rich and famous lifestyle, noting its combination of genres "from [[Def Leppard]] drums and hand claps to metal drums on [[urban music|urban tracks]]", the inspiration drawn from 1980s synthpop and incorporation of dance music with clear [[Hook (music)|hooks]].<ref name="Allmusic bio" /> ''The Fame'' went to number one in Austria, Canada, Germany, Ireland, Switzerland and the UK and appeared in the top five in Australia, the US and 15 other countries.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Artists/L/Lady_GaGa/2009/01/14/8022056-jam.html | title=Lady GaGa's 'Fame' rises to No. 1 | work=[[Jam!]] | first=John |last=Williams | accessdate=January 14, 2009 |date=January 14, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://acharts.us/album/37558 |title=Lady Gaga&nbsp;– The Fame&nbsp;– World Charts |publisher=aCharts.us |accessdate=January 8, 2009}}</ref> It also stayed atop the [[Dance/Electronic Albums]] chart for 106 non-consecutive weeks and, since its release, has sold over 12 million copies worldwide.<ref name="wwsales">{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/08/03/earlyshow/leisure/celebspot/main6739115.shtml|title=Lady Gaga Opens Up|date=August 3, 2010|work=[[CBS News]]|publisher=CBS Interactive Inc|accessdate=August 3, 2010}}</ref> The album's success spawned many 2009 honors including ''Billboard'' magazine's Rising Star award and the accumulation of 3 of 9 [[MTV Video Music Awards]] nominations, winning [[MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist|Best New Artist]] with the video for her single "[[Paparazzi (Lady Gaga song)|Paparazzi]]" gaining [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Art Direction|Best Art Direction]] and [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/267205/beyonce-accepts-billboards-woman-of-the-year-award-lady-gaga-is-rising-star |title=Beyonce Accepts Billboard's Woman Of the Year Award, Lady Gaga Is Rising Star |last=Caulfield |first=Keith |date=October 3, 2009 |work=Billboard|accessdate=October 6, 2009}}</ref><ref name="MTV VMA award winners">{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2009/winners.jhtml |title=2009 MTV Video Music Awards Winners |publisher=MTV |accessdate=September 14, 2009}}</ref> In addition to being an opening act on the [[The Pussycat Dolls|Pussycat Dolls]]' [[Doll Domination Tour]] during the first half of 2009 in Europe and Oceania, she also embarked on her own six-month critically appreciated worldwide concert tour [[The Fame Ball Tour]] which ran from March to September 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.interscope.com/artist/news/default.aspx?nid=19994&aid=599|title=Lady Gaga : News : Lady Gaga Doll Domination Tour Details with PCD|accessdate=June 17, 2010|work=[[Interscope Records]]|publisher=[[Universal Music Group]]}}</ref><ref name="billboardreview">{{cite news |url=http://login.vnuemedia.com/bbbiz/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003969033 |title=Lady Gaga / May 2, 2009 / New York (Terminal 5) |last=Menze |first=Jill |date=May 29, 2009 |work=Billboard|accessdate=May 5, 2009}}</ref> While she traveled the globe, she wrote ''[[The Fame Monster]]'', an EP of eight songs released in November 2009. Each song, dealing with the darker side of fame from personal experience, is expressed through a [[Paranoia|monster]] metaphor. Making Gaga the first artist in digital history to have three singles (alongside "Just Dance" and "Poker Face") to pass the four million mark in digital sales, its lead single "[[Bad Romance]]" topped the charts in eighteen countries and reached the top two in the US, Australia and New Zealand while accruing the Grammy Awards for [[Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance|Best Female Pop Vocal Performance]] and [[Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video|Best Short Form Music Video]].<ref name="ussaleofthefame">{{cite news |url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/55472/week-ending-june-20-2010-lets-thank-him-now/ |title=Week Ending June 20, 2010: Let's Thank Him Now |last=Grein |first=Paul |date=June 23, 2010 |publisher=Yahoo! |accessdate=December 31, 2009}} * {{cite news |url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/59466/chart-watch-extra-gagas-nice-round-number/ |page=2 |title=Chart Watch Extra: Gaga's Nice Round Number |last=Grein |first=Paul |date=July 23, 2010 |publisher=Yahoo! |accessdate=July 24, 2009}} * {{cite press release |url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lady-gaga-returns-with-8-new-songs-on-the-fame-monster-63780227.html |title=Lady Gaga Returns With 8 New Songs on 'The Fame Monster' |date=October 8, 2009 |publisher=Interscope Records |accessdate=October 9, 2009}} * {{cite web |url=http://acharts.us/song/51422 |title=Lady Gaga&nbsp;– Bad Romance&nbsp;– World Charts |publisher=acharts.us |accessdate=April 17, 2010}} * {{cite news |url=http://marquee.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/13/53rd-annual-grammy-awards-the-winners-list/ |title=53rd annual Grammy awards: The winners list |publisher=CNN |accessdate=February 21, 2011}}</ref> The second single "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", which features [[Beyoncé]], was nominated for the [[Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals]] and became Gaga's fourth UK number one single; its accompanying music video, although controversial, received positive reception from contemporary critics who praised her for "the musicality and showmanship of Michael Jackson and the powerful sexuality and provocative instincts of Madonna."<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga tops UK album and single charts |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8579244.stm |publisher=BBC News |date=March 22, 2010 |accessdate=December 13, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lady GaGa's Telephone video |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/7466152/Lady-GaGas-Telephone-video.html |publisher=The Daily Telegraph (London) |author=McCormick, Neil |date=March 17, 2010 |accessdate=December 13, 2010}}</ref> Her following single "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]" paired Gaga with fashion photographer [[Steven Klein (photographer)|Steven Klein]] for a music video similarly as controversial&nbsp;– critics complimented its ideas and dark nature but the [[Catholic League (U.S.)|Catholic League]] attacked Gaga for her alleged use of [[blasphemy]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1641026/20100608/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga's 'Alejandro' Video: German Expressionism With A Beat! |date=June 8, 2010 |accessdate=December 13, 2010 |last=Montgomery |first=James |publisher=MTV }}</ref> Despite the controversy surrounding her music videos, they made Gaga the first artist to gain over one billion [[Viral video|viral views]] on video-sharing website [[YouTube]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/11626592 |title=Lady Gaga beats Justin Bieber to YouTube record |last=Whitworth |first=Dan |date=October 26, 2010 |work=BBC |publisher=[[Newsbeat|BBC Newsbeat]] |accessdate=December 28, 2010}}</ref> At the [[2010 MTV Video Music Awards]], Gaga won 8 of her 13 nominations, including [[MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year|Video of the Year]] for "Bad Romance" (with "Telephone" also nominated), which made her the first female artist to be nominated twice for the award.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2010/ |title=MTV Video Music Awards 2010 |publisher=MTV |date=September 12, 2010 |accessdate=January 30, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1644956/lady-gaga-eminem-top-vma-nominations.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga, Eminem Top VMA Nominations|publisher=MTV |date=August 10, 2010 |accessdate=January 30, 2012}}</ref> In addition, ''The Fame Monster'' garnered a total of six nominations at the [[53rd Annual Grammy Awards]]&nbsp;– equating to the amount of Grammy nominations her debut received&nbsp;– winning [[Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album|Best Pop Vocal Album]] and earning her a second-consecutive nomination for Album of the Year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://marquee.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/13/53rd-annual-grammy-awards-the-winners-list/ |title=53rd annual Grammy awards: The winners list&nbsp;– The Marquee Blog&nbsp;– CNN.com Blogs |publisher=Marquee.blogs.cnn.com |accessdate=July 17, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Nominations list for the 53rd annual Grammy awards |url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/awards/grammys/2010-12-01-grammy-nominations-list_N.htm?loc=interstitialskip |date=December 1, 2010 |work=USA Today}}</ref> ''The Fame Monster'' and the 2010 compilation ''[[The Remix]]'' were Gaga's final releases under Cherrytree Records. While her reasons for departing the label are unknown, her manager Troy Carter stated in 2011 that they still collaborate with label head Martin Kierszenbaum on strategies for marketing Gaga overseas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jun/29/entertainment/la-et-martin-kierszenbaum-20110629|title=Martin Kierszenbaum has a knack for finding the next big thing|last=Newman|first=Melinda|date=June 29, 2011|work=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=February 13, 2013}}</ref> [[File:Lady Gaga Glitter and Grease2.jpg|thumb|left|170px|upright|Gaga performing at [[The Monster Ball Tour]] in 2010|alt= Profile of a young blond woman. Her hair falls in waves up to her shoulders. She wears a hairy dress with a shiny cloth wrapped around her.]] The success of ''The Fame Monster'' allowed Gaga to start her second worldwide concert tour, [[The Monster Ball Tour]], just weeks after the release of the album and months after having finished The Fame Ball Tour.<ref name="bbannounceball">{{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/267048/lady-gaga-unveils-monster-ball-tour-dates-the-fame-monster-tracklist |title=Lady Gaga Unveils 'The Monster Ball' |accessdate=October 15, 2009 |date=October 15, 2009 |last=Herrera |first=Monica |work=Billboard}}</ref> Upon finishing in May 2011, the critically acclaimed and commercially accomplished tour ran for over one and a half years and grossed $227.4 million, making it the highest-grossing for a debut headlining artist.<ref name="guardian">{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/musicblog/2009/nov/30/lady-gaga-monster-ball |title=Lady Gaga's Monster Ball, reviewed by a theatre critic |last=Nestruck |first=Kelly |date=November 30, 2009 |work=The Guardian |accessdate=December 1, 2009}} * {{cite journal |url= |title=Live Review: Lady Gaga Brings Her Pop Theatricality to Boston in First U.S. "Monster Ball" Show |last=Adams |first=Jeremy |date=December 2, 2009 |work=Rolling Stone |issn=0035-791X}} * {{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949535/top-25-tours-of-2010 |title=Top 25 Tours 2010 |date=December 13, 2010 |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |work=Billboard}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/photos/live/471708/lady-gagas-monster-ball-tour-breaks-record-for-debut-headlining-artist|title=Lady Gaga's Monster Ball Tour Breaks Record for Debut Headlining Artist|date=May 5, 2011|first=Ray|last=Waddell|work=Billboard|publisher=billboard.com, Prometheus Global Media|accessdate=June 2, 2011}}</ref> Concerts performed at [[Madison Square Garden]] in New York City were filmed for a [[HBO]] television special titled ''[[Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden]]''. The special accrued one of its five [[Emmy Award]] nominations and has since been released on DVD and Blu-ray.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emmys.com/shows/lady-gaga-presents-monster-ball-tour-madison-square-garden|title=Lady GaGa Presents The Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden|publisher=[[Emmy Award]]s. [[Academy of Television Arts & Sciences]]|accessdate=August 25, 2011}}</ref> Gaga also performed songs from the album at international events such as the 2009 [[Royal Variety Performance]] where she sang "[[Speechless (Lady Gaga song)|Speechless]]", a [[Power ballads|power ballad]], in the presence of Queen [[Elizabeth II]]; the 52nd Grammy Awards where her opening performance consisted of the song "Poker Face" and a piano duet of "Speechless" in a medley of "[[Your Song]]" with [[Elton John]]; and the [[2010 BRIT Awards]] where a performance of an acoustic rendition of "Telephone" followed by "[[Dance in the Dark]]" dedicated to the late fashion designer and close friend, [[Alexander McQueen]], supplemented her hat-trick win at the awards ceremony.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga wins Brit Awards triple |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8517579.stm |publisher=BBC News |date=February 16, 2010 |accessdate=December 28, 2010}}</ref> Other performances might have included her participation in [[Michael Jackson]]'s [[This Is It (concerts)|This Is It]] concert series at London's [[The O2 Arena (London)|O2 Arena]]. "I was actually asked to open for Michael on his tour," she stated. "We were going to open for him at the O2 and we were working on making it happen. I believe there was some talk about us, lots of the openers, doing duets with Michael on stage."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/viral-videos/957954/lady-gaga-talks-michael-jackson-lupus-diagnosis-with-larry-king|title=Lady Gaga Talks Michael Jackson, Lupus Diagnosis with Larry King|date=June 1, 2010|accessdate=May 30, 2011|first=Monica|last=Herrera|location=New York}}</ref> In 2009, she collaborated with consumer electronic company [[Monster Cable Products]] to create a pair of in-ear jewel-encrusted headphones titled Heartbeats. "They are designed to be the first ever fashion accessories that double as the absolute best sonically sounding headphones in the world," she commented.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Storms IFA With New Headphones|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/171537/lady_gaga_storms_ifa_with_new_headphones.html|first=Martyn|last=Williams|date=September 7, 2009|accessdate=January 27, 2012|work=PC World}}</ref> Gaga also partnered with [[Polaroid Corporation|Polaroid]] in January 2010 as their Creative Director.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga to become Polaroid's creative director|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/jan/08/lady-gaga-polaroid-creative-director|work=The Guardian |first=Rosie|last=Swash|date=January 8, 2010|accessdate=January 27, 2012}}</ref> Excited about "blending the iconic history of Polaroid and instant film with the digital era," Gaga unveiled the first trio of new products called Grey Label: a pair of picture-taking sunglasses, a paperback-sized mobile printing unit and an updated version of the traditional [[Instant camera|Polaroid camera]] at the 2011 [[Consumer Electronics Show]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Polaroid & Lady Gaga Launch New Line at CES [PICS]|url=http://mashable.com/2011/01/06/polaroid-lady-gaga-launch-new-line-at-ces/|date=January 6, 2011|work=Mashable|first=Jolie|last=O'Dell}}</ref> But her collaboration with past producer and ex-boyfriend Rob Fusari led to her production team, Mermaid Music LLC, being sued in March 2010 when he claimed that he was entitled to a 20% share of the company's earnings. Gaga's lawyer, Charles Ortner, described the agreement with Fusari as "unlawful" and declined to comment, but five months later, the [[New York Supreme Court]] dismissed both the lawsuit and a countersuit by Gaga.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopmusic/7486678/Lady-Gaga-bites-back-at-music-producer.html |title=Lady Gaga bites back at music producer |work=The Daily Telegraph |accessdate=March 20, 2010 |last=Reporter |first=Staff | date=March 20, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/09/10/us-ladygaga-idUSTRE6895NZ20100910 |title=Lady Gaga and jilted producer drop legal dispute |date=September 10, 2010 |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]] |accessdate=September 11, 2010}}</ref> In addition to such strife, Gaga was tested borderline positive for [[Systemic lupus erythematosus|lupus]], but claimed not to be affected by the symptoms. The revelations caused considerable dismay among fans, leading to Gaga addressing the matter in an interview with [[Larry King]], saying she hopes to avoid symptoms by maintaining a healthy lifestyle.<ref name="comeparty">{{cite news |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article7129672.ece |title=Come party with Lady Gaga |date=May 23, 2010 |accessdate=May 24, 2010 |last=Moran |first=Caitlin |work=The Times |authorlink=Caitlin Moran}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/06/02/2916101.htm?section=entertainment |title=Gaga was to open Jackson's This Is It tour |last=Temple |first=Sarah |date=June 2, 2010 |accessdate=June 2, 2010 |publisher=ABC News}}</ref> {{clear}} ===2011–12: ''Born This Way''=== [[File:Lady Gaga in Rome.jpg|thumb|upright|Gaga at [[EuroPride]] in [[Rome]], 2011, where she gave a speech.]] Gaga released her second studio album, ''[[Born This Way]]'', on May 23, 2011. Described as a marriage of electronic music with metal, rock 'n' roll, pop and anthemic style melodies with sledge-hammering dance beats and referred to as an album "about what keeps us up at night and what makes us afraid," Gaga characterized it as "something so much deeper than a wig or lipstick or a fucking meat dress" and, upon hearing it, Akon remarked that she is taking music to the "next level."<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga Says Born This Way Will Be 'Greatest Album Of This Decade' |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1653141/20101129/lady_gaga.jhtml |date=November 9, 2010 |last=Dinh |first=James |publisher=MTV |accessdate=November 30, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga's Born This Way Will 'Grab All The Monsters,' Akon Says |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1652537/20101117/akon.jhtml |publisher=MTV |date=November 18, 2010 |accessdate=December 2, 2010 |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn}}</ref> Upon release, the album received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised its range of different styles and her vocals.<ref>{{cite web|first=Adam|last=Markovitz|url=http://music-mix.ew.com/2011/05/24/lady-gaga-born-this-way-album-review/|title=Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way'|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=May 25, 2011|accessdate=October 29, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/review/lady-gaga-born-this-way/2508 |title=Lady Gaga: Born This Way &#124; Music Review |publisher=[[Slant Magazine]] |date=May 21, 2011|last=Cinquemani|first=Sal |accessdate=October 29, 2011}}</ref> ''Born This Way'' sold 1.108 million copies in its first week in the US, debuted atop the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], and topped the charts in more than 20 other countries.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1664888/lady-gaga-billboard.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga Crashes Billboard With 1.1 Million|last=Montgomery|first=James|date=June 2, 2011|accessdate=June 2, 2011|publisher=MTV }}</ref> In addition to exceeding 8 million copies in worldwide sales, ''Born This Way'' received three Grammy Award nominations, including her third consecutive for Album of the Year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/225749/20111005/lady-gaga-biopic.htm|title=Lady Gaga Biopic: 5 Stars Who Could Play the Role|author=IBTimes Staff Reporter|work=[[International Business Times]]|date=October 5, 2011|accessdate=February 12, 2012}}</ref> In March 2012, Gaga was ranked fourth on ''Billboard'''s list of top moneymakers of 2011, grossing $25,353,039, which included sales from ''Born This Way'' and her Monster Ball Tour.<ref name="billboard">{{cite web|title=Music's Top 40 Money Makers 2012|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/list/502623/musics-top-40-money-makers-2012|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=March 9, 2012}}</ref> ''Born This Way'' was preceded by singles "[[Born This Way (song)|Born This Way]]", "[[Judas (Lady Gaga song)|Judas]]", and "[[The Edge of Glory]]", and the promotional single "[[Hair (Lady Gaga song)|Hair]]". The lead single and title track, first sung live at the 53rd Grammy Awards in a performance that saw Gaga emerge from an egg-like vessel, deals with self-acceptance regardless of [[Race (classification of humans)|race]] or [[sexual orientation]]. The single debuted atop the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], becoming the 19th number-one debut and the 1,000th number-one single in the history of the charts.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Talks Grammy 'Vessel,' Born This Way Details|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1658027/lady-gaga-vessel-egg-grammy-seacrest.jhtml|work=MTV|first=Jocelyn|last=Vena|date=February 15, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1657772/lady-gaga-born-this-way.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way': The New Gay Anthem?|publisher=MTV|date=February 11, 2011|accessdate=October 25, 2011}} * {{cite news |last=Trust |first=Gary |title=Lady Gaga Claims 1,000th Hot 100 No. 1 with 'Born This Way' |work=Billboard|date=February 16, 2011 |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/473025/lady-gaga-claims-1000th-hot-100-no-1-with-born-this-way |accessdate=February 16, 2011}}</ref> It sold 3,918,000 digital copies in the US by August 2013, becoming her eighth consecutive single to exceed sales of 2 million and, with worldwide sales of 8.2 million copies by November 2011, one of her five best-selling singles worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ifpi.com/content/library/DMR2012_key_facts_and_figures.pdf|title=IFPI Digital Music Report 2012|date=January 23, 2012|accessdate=January 24, 2012|publisher=[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry]]|format=PDF}} * {{cite web|title=Ask Billboard: J. Cole Helps Bring R&B/Hip-Hop Back To No. 1|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/466402/ask-billboard-j-cole-helps-bring-rbhip-hop-back-to-no-1|work=Billboard|first=Gary|last=Trust|date=October 7, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}} * {{cite web|publisher=Yahoo! Music|url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/74385/week-ending-july-3-2011-songs-sons-of-a-legend/|last=Grein|first=Paul|title=Week Ending July 3, 2011. Songs: Sons Of A Legend|accessdate=July 11, 2011|date=July 6, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/5657799/ask-billboard-whos-sold-more-katy-perry-or-lady-gaga |title=Ask Billboard: Who's Sold More, Katy Perry Or Lady Gaga? |first=Gary |last=Trust |work=Billboard |publisher= Prometheus Global Media |date=August 23, 2013 |accessdate=August 24, 2013}}</ref> Critics noted artistic and cultural references and praised the concept of the song's accompanying music video, in which Gaga gives birth to a new race amidst surrealistic images.<ref>{{cite news|first=James |last=Montgomery |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1658903/lady-gaga-born-this-way.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way' Video: A Pop-Culture Cheat Sheet |publisher=MTV (MTV Networks)|date=February 28, 2011 |accessdate=October 29, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1658858/lady-gaga-born-this-way-video.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way' Video Premieres|last=Montgomery|first=James|date=February 28, 2011|publisher=MTV (MTV Networks)|accessdate=October 29, 2011}}</ref> The video for "Judas", in which Gaga portrays [[Mary Magdalene]], and Biblical figures such as [[Jesus|Jesus Christ]] and [[Judas Iscariot]] are also featured, was criticized for its religious references but received acclaim for its overall delivery and praise from others who claimed that there was nothing offensive about it.<ref name="judascatholicleaguereaction"> * {{cite news|last=Rose|first=Philip Fox|date=May 6, 2011|accessdate=October 29, 2011|work=The Washington Post|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/guest-voices/post/lady-gagas-judas-video-sacrilege-or-sacred-art/2011/05/06/AFyvp17F_blog.html|title=Lady Gaga's Judas video: sacrilege or sacred art?}} * {{cite news|url=http://www.nj.com/entertainment/music/index.ssf/2011/05/lady_gaga_judas_video_debuts_i.html|title=Lady Gaga 'Judas' video debuts: Is it as blasphemous as they say?|last=McCall|first=Tris|authorlink=Tris McCall|date=May 5, 2011|accessdate=October 29, 2011|work=[[The Star-Ledger]]}}</ref> "Judas" also peaked within the top ten in several major musical markets, while "The Edge of Glory", first a commercial success in digital outlets, was later released as a single to rave reviews from critics, accompanied by a video which was notably stripped down from her usually "extravagant" efforts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a318892/lady-gaga-makes-edge-of-glory-official-single.html|title=Lady Gaga Makes Edge Of Glory Official Single?|last=Corner|first=Nick|date=May 11, 2011|accessdate=October 29, 2011|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=FIRST LOOK! LADY GAGA'S EDGE OF GLORY VIDEO|url=http://www.marieclaire.co.uk/news/celebrity/528955/first-look-lady-gaga-s-edge-of-glory-video.html|first=Eleanor|last=Young|work=Marie Carie|date=June 17, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}}</ref> She released "[[You and I (Lady Gaga song)|You and I]]" and "[[Marry the Night]]" as the following singles from ''Born This Way''. Although their "crazy and ambitious" videos were praised for their audacity, both songs failed to match the international success that their predecessors achieved.<ref name=youandimv>{{cite web|title=Video: 'Yo and I'; Rolling Stone|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/videos/new-and-hot/lady-gaga-youe-and-i-20110816|work=Rolling Stone|first=Matthew|last=Perpetua|date=September 16, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}} * {{cite web|title=Video: 'Marry the Night' &#124; Rolling Stone|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/videos/new-and-hot/lady-gaga-marry-the-night-20111202|work=Rolling Stone|first=Matthew|last=Perpetua|date=December 2, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}} * {{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's "Marry The Night": Will Facebook Campaign Help It Chart Better?|url=http://idolator.com/6108621/lady-gaga-marry-the-night-facebook-campaign-chart|work=Idolator|first=Robbie|last=Daw|date=December 12, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}}</ref> While filming the video for "You and I" in July 2011, she met actor and model [[Taylor Kinney]]. The two began dating soon afterwards.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga fell for Taylor Kinney on video shoot|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Lady-Gaga-fell-for-Taylor-Kinney-on-video-shoot/tabid/418/articleID/322773/Default.aspx|date=November 25, 2013}}</ref> Gaga was later ranked as the second most-played artist of 2011 in the UK by the [[Phonographic Performance Limited|PPL]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Adele PPL's top artist of 2011|url=http://www.musicweek.com/story.asp?sectioncode=1&storycode=1049870&c=1|accessdate=June 13, 2012}}</ref> [[File:Lady Gaga, VMA 2011.jpg|left|170px|thumb|Gaga dressed as her male alter ego, "Jo Calderone" at the [[2011 MTV Video Music Awards]].]] Throughout 2011, Gaga continued her musical endeavors by pairing with veteran artists like [[Tony Bennett]] to record a jazz version of "[[The Lady Is a Tramp]]".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1670271/lady-gaga-tony-bennett-lady-is-a-tramp.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga Is 'The Biggest,' Tony Bennett Says|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|date=September 14, 2011|accessdate=September 21, 2011|publisher=MTV (MTV Networks)}}</ref> She also recorded a duet with [[Cher]] on a "massive" and "beautiful" track, which Gaga says that she wrote a long time ago, but had not put it on any of her albums.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/musicworld/lady-gaga-preserves-massive-beautiful-hit-for-duet-with-cher_94956.html|title=Lady Gaga preserves 'massive', 'beautiful' hit for duet with Cher|date=September 20, 2011|accessdate=September 21, 2011|work=The Times of India }}</ref> Gaga also lent her vocals to an original duet with Elton John for the animated feature film ''[[Gnomeo & Juliet]]''. The song, "Hello, Hello", was released without Gaga's vocals but the duet version features in the film.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/473304/lady-gaga-elton-john-duet-wont-appear-on-gnomeo-juliet-soundtrack |title=Lady Gaga, Elton John Duet Won't Appear On Film Soundtrack |date=January 28, 2011 |accessdate=February 4, 2011 |last=Herrera |first=Monica |work=Billboard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Elton John and Lady Gaga record duet |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/oct/25/elton-john-lady-gaga-duet |last=Michaels |first=Sean |date=October 25, 2010 |accessdate=December 15, 2010 |work=The Guardian |location=London }}</ref> She also continued her live appearances in 2011, performing a one-of-a-kind concert at the [[Sydney Town Hall]] in promotion of ''Born This Way'' and at the celebration of former US president [[Bill Clinton]]'s 65th birthday, wearing a blond wig as a nod to the famous performance of [[Marilyn Monroe]] for [[John F. Kennedy]] and changing the lyrics to "You and I" specifically for the performance.<ref>{{cite interview |subject=Lady Gaga |title=The Kyle & Jackie O Show |type= Radio interview |url= http://www.2dayfm.com.au |format= FM radio broadcast |program= The Kyle & Jackie O Show |callsign= 104.1FM |city= Sydney |date= May 30, 2011 |accessdate= May 30, 2011}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.starobserver.com.au/celebrity-2/2011/05/30/gaga-confirms-oz-visit/53176 |title=Gaga confirms Oz visit |first=Mike |last=Mrkic |date=May 30, 2011 |work=[[Sydney Star Observer]] |accessdate=May 30, 2011}} * {{cite web|last=Perpetua|first=Mathew|title=Lady Gaga, Bono Rock For Clinton Foundation|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/lady-gaga-bono-rock-for-clinton-foundation-20111017|work=Rolling Stone|date=October 17, 2011|accessdate=October 21, 2011}}</ref> Televised appearances comprised her own Thanksgiving Day television special titled ''[[A Very Gaga Thanksgiving]]'' which was critically acclaimed, attained 5.749 million American viewers, and spawned the release of her fourth extended play ''[[A Very Gaga Holiday#Music|A Very Gaga Holiday]]''.<ref>''A Very Gaga Thanksgiving'' audience numbers and commercial reception: * {{cite web|url=http://watching-tv.ew.com/2011/11/24/lady-gaga-thanksgivinga-very-gaga-thanksgiving/|title='A Very Gaga Thanksgiving' review: Singing and talking turkey with Gaga, 'America's Picasso'|first=Ken|last=Tucker|work=Entertainment Weekly|publisher=Time Inc|date=November 25, 2011|accessdate=December 28, 2011}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2011/nov/25/lady-gaga-thanksgiving-special-abc-tv?newsfeed=true|title=Lady Gaga goes mainstream with a twist on Thanksgiving TV special|first=Hadley |last=Freeman |work=The Guardian |date=November 25, 2011|accessdate=December 28, 2011}} * {{cite web|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/11/25/tv-ratings-thursday-cbs-tops-thanksgiving-night-of-repeats-and-specials-but/111748/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+Tvbythenumbers+%28TVbytheNumbers%29|title='A Very Gaga Thanksgiving' Ranks No. 1 And Improves Its Slot By Wide Margins|first=Bill|last=Gorman|work=[[TV by the Numbers]]|date=November 25, 2011|accessdate=December 28, 2011}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/464980/lady-gaga-releases-holiday-ep|title=Lady Gaga Releases Holiday EP|date= November 23, 2011|work=Billboard|last=Greenwald|first=David|accessdate=December 28, 2011}}</ref> Her second performance on ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' saw her singing a selection of ''Born This Way'' songs alongside appearing in number of sketches with [[Justin Timberlake]] and [[Andy Samberg]]. Gaga also appeared in [[Times Square]] to perform songs from ''Born This Way'' on the 40th anniversary of [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]'s ''[[Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve]]'' and in addition, she also had the honor of welcoming 2012 by dropping the famous [[Times Square Ball]] with [[New York City]] Mayor [[Michael Bloomberg]] at midnight. In 2012, Gaga also guest-starred on the 23rd season finale of ''[[The Simpsons]]'' titled "[[Lisa Goes Gaga]]". In June 2012, Gaga announced her first fragrance in association with [[Coty, Inc.]], ''[[Lady Gaga Fame]]'', which was released worldwide in September 2012.<ref name="pressrelease">{{cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lady-gaga-to-launch-lady-gaga-fame-the-first-fragrance-from-haus-laboratories-159101855.html|title=Lady Gaga To Launch LADY GAGA FAME, The First Fragrance From Haus Laboratories|date=June 14, 2012|work={{noitalic|[[PR Newswire]]}}|publisher=[[Coty, Inc.|Coty, Inc]]|accessdate=July 9, 2012}}</ref> In December 2012, Gaga made an appearance at the final show of [[The Rolling Stones]]' 50th anniversary concert series to perform "[[Gimme Shelter]]", along with [[Bruce Springsteen]] and [[The Black Keys]]. The accompanying tour for ''Born This Way'', titled simply the [[Born This Way Ball]], kicked off at the end of April 2012 at [[Seoul]]'s [[Olympic Stadium (Seoul)|Olympic Stadium]] in South Korea.<ref>{{cite web|last=Waddell |first=Ray |url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/touring/1098993/exclusive-info-lady-gagas-born-this-way-ball-tour-to-hit-asia |title=Exclusive Info: Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way Ball' Tour to Hit Asia, Europe, Latin America This Year; North America in 2013 |publisher=Billboard.biz |date=February 8, 2012 |accessdate=June 24, 2012}}</ref> Although the tour—consisting of 110 shows across the globe—was a commercial success with general critical acclaim, several conservative political commentators denounced the Born This Way Ball shortly after the conception of the tour. This early controversy, particularly notable in several locations of the tour's leg in Asia, saw protests from several religious groups who viewed the tour as satanic and against religious values, resulting in protests mainly from the [[Islamic Defenders Front]], causing a cancellation in the Indonesian city of [[Jakarta]], where Gaga was denied a license to perform. She and promoters were initially optimistic that the performance would go on but, due to threats of violence from Muslim hardliners, Gaga decided to cancel the concert although 52,000 tickets had sold out in just a few days.<ref>{{cite web|title='Vulgar' Lady Gaga refused entry by Indonesia for sold-out show|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/indonesia/9266533/Vulgar-Lady-Gaga-refused-entry-by-Indonesia-for-sold-out-show.html|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=BBC TEAM|title=Lady Gaga tour starts in Seoul with adults-only concert|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-17867102|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=May 25, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2012/may/27/lady-gaga-indonesia-cancel-muslim |title=Lady Gaga cancels Indonesia show after threat from Muslim extremists |date=May 27, 2012}}</ref> Due to a [[Acetabular labrum|labral]] tear of her right hip, Gaga announced on February 12, 2013, that the remaining tour dates of her Born This Way Ball were canceled.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga cancels tour, will have hip surgery|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/13/showbiz/lady-gaga-surgery/index.html|publisher=CNN|accessdate=February 14, 2013}}</ref> She posted on her blog February 20, 2013, that she had hip surgery, and was recovering.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga says she's had hip surgery|url=http://news.yahoo.com/lady-gaga-says-shes-had-hip-surgery-153541912.html|work=USA Today|publisher=Gannett Company|accessdate=February 21, 2013}}</ref> ===2013–present: ''Artpop'' and other endeavors=== [[File:Lady Gaga ARTPOP London 02.jpg|thumb|upright|Gaga performing at the 2013 [[iTunes Festival]] in London, where she introduced songs from ''Artpop'']] New songs for Gaga's third studio album, ''[[Artpop]]'', were "beginning to flourish" as she worked with producer [[Fernando Garibay]] in early 2012.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa's new album to be called 'ARTPOP'|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a397438/lady-gagas-new-album-to-be-called-artpop.html|accessdate=August 6, 2012|date=August 5, 2012|last=Copsey|first=Nick|publisher=Digital Spy}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1675458/lady-gaga-next-album.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga Says Next Album Is 'Beginning To Flourish'|date= June 13, 2011|work={{noitalic|MTV News}}|publisher=Viacom International Inc.|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|accessdate=January 2, 2012}}</ref> Gaga's manager, [[Vincent Herbert]], said the singer began working on the project during the Born This Way Ball tour and promised new material consisted of "insane, great records".<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's manager promises singer will deliver an 'insane' third album|url=http://www.nme.com/news/lady-gaga/64082|publisher=IPC Media|work=[[NME]]|accessdate=May 31, 2012}}</ref> Gaga herself explained that she yearned to make audiences have "a really good time" with ''Artpop'', crafting the album to mirror "a night at the club".<ref name=mtv222/> "When you listen to it, it really flows nicely. It's really fun to pop in with your friends. I really wrote it for me and my friends to pop in from start to finish."<ref name=mtv222>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1714293/lady-gaga-artpop-kiis-ustream.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga's ARTPOP Isn't An Album, But 'A Night At The Club'|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|date=September 18, 2013|accessdate=October 17, 2013|publisher=MTV News. Viacom}}</ref> The album was released on November 11, 2013, in the United States through legal music downloading outlets as well as through an app developed by the Haus of Gaga.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1711560/lady-gaga-artpop-applause-video-details.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga Reveals Juicy ARTPOP Details|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|date=July 31, 2013|accessdate=October 17, 2013|publisher=MTV News. Viacom}}</ref> It eventually became her second number-one album in the United States with first week sales of 258,000 copies.<ref>{{cite web |last=Caulfield |first=Keith |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5793353/lady-gaga-scores-second-no-1-album-with-artpop |title=Lady Gaga Scores Second No. 1 Album With 'ARTPOP' |work=Billboard |publisher=Prometheus Global Media |date=November 20, 2013 |accessdate=November 20, 2013}}</ref> Music critics were divided in their assessments of ''Artpop''.<ref>{{cite web|title=ARTPOP Reviews|url=http://www.metacritic.com/music/artpop/lady-gaga|publisher=[[Metacritic]]. [[CBS Interactive]]|accessdate=November 30, 2013}}</ref> The album has thus far spawned successful singles in "[[Applause (Lady Gaga song)|Applause]]" and "[[Do What U Want]]", the latter featuring [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] singer [[R. Kelly]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5672768/robin-thicke-leads-hot-100-katy-perry-holds-at-no-2 |last=Caulfield|first=Keith|date=August 21, 2013|accessdate=October 17, 2013|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|title=Robin Thicke Leads Hot 100, Katy Perry Holds At No. 2 | work=Billboard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/1/2013-08-24/ |title=August 24, 2013 Top 40 Official Singles Chart UK Archive | publisher=Official Charts Company|accessdate=October 17, 2013}}</ref><ref name="dowhatSingleAnnouncement">{{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop-shop/5763214/lady-gaga-r-kelly-duet-do-what-u-want-is-now-artpops-second-single |title=Lady Gaga: R. Kelly Duet 'Do What U Want' Is Now 'ARTPOP's' Second Single|date=October 22, 2013 |accessdate=October 22, 2013 |last=Lipshultz|first=Jason|work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref> Gaga had split from her longtime manager, Troy Carter, shortly thereafter citing "creative differences".<ref name="NY news">{{cite web | url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music-arts/lady-gaga-longtime-manager-troy-carter-split-article-1.1507097 | title=Lady Gaga, longtime manager Troy Carter split over 'creative differences': report | publisher=NEW YORK DAILY NEWS | date=November 5, 2013 | accessdate=November 6, 2013 | author=Rivera, Zayda}}</ref> "[[G.U.Y. (song)|G.U.Y.]]" was released as the third single from ''Artpop'' and was a commercial failure.<ref name="radioit">{{cite web|url=http://www.radioairplay.fm/RadioDate/PublicDetails/61964|title=G.U.Y.: Lady Gaga|last=Mompellio|first=Gabriel|date=March 28, 2014|accessdate=March 28, 2014|publisher=Radio Airplay Italy|language=Italian}}</ref> Gaga embarked on the [[ArtRave: The Artpop Ball]] tour in support of the album on May 2014. The tour took its concept from the [[ArtRave]] event organized by Gaga for promoting ''Artpop'', and would visit cities where she had cancelled dates of her Born This Way Ball tour, as well as new locations.<ref name="pr1">{{cite press release|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lady-gagas-artrave-the-artpop-ball-235208811.html|title=LADY GAGA'S artRave: THE ARTPOP BALL|work=[[PR Newswire]]|publisher=[[UBM plc]]|date=December 10, 2013|accessdate=December 10, 2013}}</ref> By the next month she and her new manager Bobby Campbell joined Artist Nation, the artist management division of Live Nation Entertainments.<ref name="tourforce"/> Gaga starred in [[Robert Rodriguez]]'s project ''[[Machete Kills]]'' as La Chameleón. The picture, released on October 11, 2013, was poorly received critically and commercially.<ref>{{cite web|last=Chitwood|first=Adam|title=''Machete Kills'' Set for Release on September 13, 2013|url=http://collider.com/machete-kills-release-date-september-13-2013/224541/|publisher=Collider.com|accessdate=January 15, 2013|date=January 15, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/machete_kills/|title=Machete Kills (2013)|publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |accessdate=November 30, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2013/10/14/machete-kills-flops-at-the-box-office|title=Machete Kills Flops at the Box Office|first=Jim|last=Vejvoda|publisher=IGN|date=October 13, 2013|accessdate=November 30, 2013}}</ref> Her performance earned her a [[Golden Raspberry Awards|Golden Raspberry]] nomination for [[Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress|Worst Supporting Actress]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/News/Razzie-Nominations-1076052.aspx |title=Grown Ups 2 Leads Razzie Nominations&nbsp;– Today's News: Our Take |publisher=TVGuide.com |date=January 15, 2014 |accessdate=February 1, 2014}}</ref> The singer also hosted the November 16, 2013 episode of ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'', closing out the program with a performance of "Do What U Want" with Kelly.<ref name=Nov2013SNL>{{cite web|last=Rivera|first=Zayda|title=Lady Gaga hosts 'Saturday Night Live,' plays future self without fame or applause|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/lady-gaga-hosts-snl-plays-future-fame-applause-article-1.1519876|publisher=NY Daily News|date=November 17, 2013}}</ref> Later that month, she held her second Thanksgiving Day television special on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], ''[[Lady Gaga and the Muppets' Holiday Spectacular]]'', where she played a selection of songs with [[The Muppets]], [[Elton John]], [[Joseph Gordon-Levitt]], and [[RuPaul]].<ref name=Thanksgiving2013>{{cite web|last=Messer|first=Lesley|title=Lady Gaga Teams Up With the Muppets and Adorable Photos Result|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/lady-gaga-teams-muppets-adorable-photos-result/story?id=20603044|publisher=ABC News|accessdate=October 17, 2013}}</ref> Future film projects for Gaga includes a cameo in another Robert Rodriguez film, ''[[Sin City: A Dame to Kill For]]'', scheduled for release on August 22, 2014.<ref name=GagaNailedIt>{{cite news|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|title=Lady Gaga 'Nailed It' In 'Sin City' Sequel, Joseph Gordon-Levitt Reveals|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1713289/lady-gaga-joseph-gordon-levitt-sin-city-2.jhtml|publisher=MTV News|accessdate=August 29, 2013|date=August 29, 2013}}</ref> Besides her film endeavors, Gaga would also be involved in other musical ventures. ''[[Cheek to Cheek (album)|Cheek to Cheek]]'', a jazz album with [[Tony Bennett]], was supposed to be released on January 1, 2014, but it was later announced that the release has been delayed tentatively until the fourth quarter of 2014.<ref name=TonyAlbum1>{{cite web|url=http://www.nme.com/news/lady-gaga/66376 |title=Lady Gaga to record jazz album with Tony Bennett|date=February 28, 2013|accessdate=March 9, 2013|work=NME|publisher=IPC Media}}</ref><ref name=TonyAlbum2>{{cite web|last=Sauro|first=Tony|title=Iconic Tony Bennett brings tour to Hope|url=http://www.recordnet.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20131102/A_ENTERTAIN/311020312/-1/NEWSMAP|publisher=Recordnet.com|accessdate=November 2, 2013}}</ref> In early 2015, Gaga will perform the first ever concert in space as part of Zero G Colony, a three-day music festival. She will travel via ''[[Spaceport America]]'', the world's first commercial spaceport, in [[New Mexico]], and the event will feature a mix of entertainment and cutting-edge technology. Gaga will be the grand finale.<ref name=SpacePerformance>{{cite web|last=Savage|first=Lesley|title=Lady Gaga to perform in space (no, really!)|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-207_162-57611165/lady-gaga-to-perform-in-space-no-really/|publisher=[[CBS News]]|date=November 6, 2013|accessdate=November 6, 2013}}</ref> ==Artistry== ===Musical style=== <!-- {{Listen |filename = Lady_GaGa-Just_Dance.ogg |title = "Just Dance" (2008) |description = A 30-second sample of Lady Gaga's "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" featuring the chorus sung by Lady Gaga and [[Colby O'Donis]] in the range of B<sub>3</sub> to C{{music|sharp}}, backed by a synth marching beat. The song became her first international hit single and sold 7.7 million copies worldwide. }} --> Continually experimenting with new musical ideas and images, Gaga's musical and performance style is the subject of much analysis and scrutiny from critics. She professes that she is "liberating" herself by constantly reinventing her sound and image, insisting that she has been drawn to such a practice since her childhood.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga liberated through reinvention|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-09-08/news-and-interviews/30129686_1_lady-gaga-outrageous-outfits-latest-album|work=The Times of India |date=September 8, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref> Vocally, Gaga possesses the range of a [[contralto]] and exhibits "overwhelming expression, instinctive vocal phrasing, '80s rock reminiscent chest belts and animalistic vocal ticks" while being able to move through 2.7 octaves.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.buzzle.com/articles/biography-of-lady-gaga.html |title=Lady Gaga's biography |last=Chatterjee Shukla |first=Ishani |date=November 18, 2010 |work=Buzzle |publisher=Buzzle.com, intelligent life on the web |location=California}}</ref><ref name="vocalability">{{cite web|title=Ranking the Voices of 10 Women in Pop|url=http://www.barkbiteblog.com/2011/06/women-in-pop-voices.html|work=Bark Bite|date=June 1, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref> Refusing to [[lip sync]], Gaga&nbsp;– whose range is frequently compared to those of Madonna and [[Gwen Stefani]]&nbsp;– has manipulated her vocal style over the course of her career yet considers ''Born This Way'' (2011) "much more vocally up to par with what I've always been capable of."<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Doesn't Lip Sync|url=http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/news/article/0,,7709013,00.html|work=Artist Direct|first=Amy|last=Sciarretto|date=October 21, 2010|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa announces next single title|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a303046/lady-gaga-announces-next-single-title.html|date=February 10, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|first=Robert|last=Copsey|work=Digital Spy}}</ref> In summation of her voice, ''Entertainment Weekly'' wrote, "There's an immense emotional intelligence behind the way she uses her voice. Almost never does she overwhelm a song with her vocal ability, recognizing instead that artistry is to be found in nuance rather than lung power."<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga talks early struggles, denies lip-synching, shouts-out Liza Minnelli and Marisa Tomei at Madison Square Garden|url=http://music-mix.ew.com/2011/02/23/lady-gaga-talks-early-struggles-denies-lip-synching-shouts-out-liza-minnelli-and-marisa-tomei-at-madison-square-garden/|date=February 23, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Entertainment Weekly|first=Christian|last=Blauvelt}}</ref> [[File:Gagafameball.jpg|upright|left|thumb|alt=A blond woman in a bob-cut, sitting cross-legged on a transparent platform full of bubbles and lit from inside in pink. The woman is wearing a dress made of transparent bubbles of varying sizes. She is holding a microphone in her left hand and appears to be smiling.|Gaga performing in a plastic bubble dress (2009)]] Although her early lyrics have been criticized for lacking intellectual stimulation, "[Gaga] does manage to get you moving and grooving at an almost effortless pace."<ref name="popmatters">{{cite web |url=http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/68939-lady-gaga-the-fame/ |title=Lady GaGa The Fame |last=Sawdey |first=Evan |date=January 12, 2009 |publisher=[[PopMatters]] |accessdate=April 30, 2009}}</ref> Gaga believes that "all good music can be played at a piano and still sound like a hit."<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa: 'LP shows songwriting ability'|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a310662/lady-gaga-lp-shows-songwriting-ability.html|publisher=Digital Spy|date=March 23, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|first=Ryan|last=Love}}</ref> She has covered a wide variety of topics in her songs: while ''The Fame'' (2008) meditates on the lust for stardom, ''The Fame Monster'' (2009) expresses fame's dark side through monster metaphors. ''Born This Way'' (2011) is sung in English, French, German, and Spanish and includes common themes in Gaga's controversial songwriting such as sex, love, religion, money, drugs, identity, liberation, sexuality, freedom, and individualism.<ref name=albumguide/><ref name=btwrs/> Her music style has been described as [[Synthpop|electropop]]<ref> The following sources refer to Lady Gaga as "electropop" : *{{cite news|url= http://articles.latimes.com/2010/aug/11/entertainment/la-et-picks11-20100811 |title= Happening Wednesday: Lady Gaga, Warped Tour and more |newspaper= [[Los Angeles Times]] |publisher=[[Eddy Hartenstein]] |date= August 11, 2010 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite web|url= http://www.musicomh.com/reviews/albums/lady-gaga-the-fame-monster-trackbytrack |title= Track-By-Track: Lady Gaga – The Fame Monster |publisher= [[musicOMH]] |date= November 23, 2009 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite news|url= http://www.mtv.com/news/1627666/lady-gaga-and-producer-redone-always-want-to-shock-people/ |title= Lady Gaga And Producer RedOne 'Always Want To Shock People' |publisher= [[MTV News]]. [[Viacom]] |date= April 12, 2009 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite news|url= http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/14/arts/music/14choice.html?pagewanted=all |title= New CDs |newspaper= [[The New York Times]] |date= June 13, 2010 |accessdate= July 10, 2014 |publisher=[[Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.]] |quote= Certainly you could draw a dotted line between Robyn and Lady Gaga, another electro-pop heroine whose songs involve the drama of the dance floor.}}</ref> and as [[dance-pop]]<ref> The following sources refer to Lady Gaga as "dance-pop" : *{{cite web|url= http://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/60628/Lady-Gaga-The-Fame/ |first= Brendan |last= Schroer |title= Lady Gaga – The Fame |publisher= [[Sputnikmusic]] |date= January 21, 2014 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite news|url= http://www.mtv.tv/music/artists/lady-gaga#bio |title= Lady Gaga – Full Biography |publisher= MTV News. Viacom |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite news|first= Jim |last= Harrington |url= http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_11924085?source=rss_viewed |title= Review: Lady Gaga delivers crazy dance-pop show |newspaper= [[San Jose Mercury News]] |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite journal|first= Whitney |last= Pastorek |url= http://popwatch.ew.com/2009/02/09/lady-gaga-inter/ |title= Lady GaGa: Bonus quotes from the dance-pop queen!|publisher=[[Time Inc.]] |magazine= [[Entertainment Weekly]] |date= February 9, 2009 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}}</ref> and the structure of her music is said to be influenced by classic 1980s pop and 1990s [[Europop]].<ref name="BG">{{cite news |last=Petridis |first=Alexis |title=Lady Gaga: The Fame |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=January 3, 2009 |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/jan/09/lady-gaga-the-fame |authorlink=Alexis Petridis |accessdate=May 6, 2010 }}</ref> Her debut album ''The Fame'' (2008) provoked ''The Sunday Times'' to assert "in combining music, fashion, art and technology, [Gaga] evokes Madonna, Gwen Stefani circa '[[Hollaback Girl]]', [[Kylie Minogue]] 2001 or Grace Jones right now" and a critic from ''[[The Boston Globe]]'' to comment that she draws "obvious inspirations from Madonna to Gwen Stefani... in [her] girlish but sturdy pipes and bubbly beats."<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady GaGa: the future of pop? |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article5325327.ece?token=null&offset=0&page=1 |newspaper=The Sunday Times |date=December 14, 2008 |accessdate=August 9, 2009 |last=Hajibageri |first=Sarah | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Rodman |first=Sarah |title=Lady Gaga |url=http://articles.boston.com/2008-10-27/ae/29278306_1_lady-gaga-disco-interscope |work=The Boston Globe |date=October 27, 2008 |accessdate=August 9, 2009}}</ref> Music critic [[Simon Reynolds]] wrote that "Everything about Gaga came from [[electroclash]], except the music, which wasn't particularly 1980s, just ruthlessly catchy naughties pop glazed with [[Auto-Tune]] and undergirded with [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]-ish beats."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/musicblog/2010/jan/22/eighties-revival-decade |title =The 1980s revival that lasted an entire decade |first=Simon |last=Reynolds |authorlink=Simon Reynolds |work=The Guardian |location=London |accessdate=January 22, 2010 |date=January 22, 2010 }}</ref> The follow-up ''The Fame Monster'' (2009), saw Gaga's taste for pastiche, drawing on "Seventies arena glam, perky [[ABBA]] disco and sugary throwbacks like [[Stacey Q]]" while ''Born This Way'' (2011) also draws on the records of her childhood and still has the "electro-sleaze beats and Eurodisco chorus chants" of its predecessor but includes genres as diverse as opera, heavy metal, [[disco]], and [[rock and roll]].<ref name=albumguide>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Album Guide|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/lady-gaga/albumguide|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Rolling Stone}}</ref> "There isn't a subtle moment on the album, but even at its nuttiest, the music is full of wide-awake emotional details," wrote ''Rolling Stone'', who concluded: "The more excessive Gaga gets, the more honest she sounds."<ref name=btwrs>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga, 'Born This Way'|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/blogs/editors-picks/lady-gaga-born-this-way-20110520|date=May 20, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Rolling Stone|first=Rob|last=Sheffield}}</ref> ===Influences=== Gaga grew up listening to artists such as [[The Beatles]], [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Queen (band)|Queen]], [[Bruce Springsteen]], [[Pink Floyd]], [[The Grateful Dead]], [[Led Zeppelin]], [[Whitney Houston]], and [[Elton John]], who all significantly influenced her.<ref name="familyinfluence">{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Just a Normal, Family-Oriented Girl|url=http://thehollywoodgossip.com/2011/05/lady-gaga-just-a-normal-family-oriented-girl|date=May 10, 2011|accessdate=November 26, 2011|first=Free|last=Britney|work=The Hollywood Gossip}}</ref><ref name="She's The Greatest Of All Time">{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga on Whitney Houston: 'she's the greatest of all time' |url=http://www.rap-up.com/2012/03/19/lady-gaga-on-whitney-houston-shes-the-greatest-of-all-time|date=March 19, 2012|accessdate=March 19, 2012|first=Up|last=Rap|work=Rap-Up}}</ref> She also cited heavy metal bands like [[Iron Maiden]] and [[Black Sabbath]] as her favorite musicians.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: 'Iron Maiden Changed My Life'|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/lady-gaga-iron-maiden-changed-my-life/|work=Blabbermouth|first=|last=|date=May 25, 2011|accessdate=October 27, 2013}}</ref> "I am a real family girl. When it comes to love and loyalty, I am very old-fashioned. And I am quite down-to-earth for such an eccentric person", she insists.<ref name="ourladyvogue">{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Our Lady of Pop|url=http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/lady-gaga-our-lady-of-pop/|work=Vogue|first=Jonathan|last=Van Meter|date=February 10, 2011|accessdate=November 26, 2011}}</ref> "I'm quite traditional in the family sense. I've always been that way."<ref name="familyinfluence"/> According to Gaga, Joanne Germanotta&nbsp;– her aunt who died of lupus, aged 19&nbsp;– lives on through her and inspires all of her music and art.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa: 'My aunt lives through me'|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a304785/lady-gaga-my-aunt-lives-through-me.html|date=February 19, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Digital Spy|first=Naomi|last=Rainey}}</ref> Joanne's date of death is tattooed on Gaga's body and, despite dying 12 years before her birth, Gaga commented, "I really believe I have two hearts. I think I actually carry two souls in my body, and that I'm living out the rest of her life and her goodness&nbsp;– she died a virgin, she died never having experienced all these things that we all get to love and experience in our lives."<ref>{{cite web|title=I have two hearts, two souls: Lady Gaga|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hollywood/news-interviews/I-have-two-hearts-two-souls-Lady-Gaga/articleshow/7526992.cms|work=The Times of India |date=February 19, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110321051202/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hollywood/news-interviews/I-have-two-hearts-two-souls-Lady-Gaga/articleshow/7526992.cms|archivedate=March 21, 2011}}</ref> Another spiritual influence on Gaga has been the Indian physician, public speaker, and writer [[Deepak Chopra]]. Labeling him a "true inspiration", she stated that "he's always reminded me to work in a life of service to my fans and to fulfill my vision and my destiny" in addition to thinking about Chopra when it comes to her work as a musician: "I want so much for it to go beyond the music for my fans."<ref>{{cite news|title=TIME 100: Lady Gaga on Her Biggest Influence|url=http://www.time.com/time/video/player/0,32068,81660577001_1986210,00.html|work=TIME}}</ref> Gaga also lifted a quote from [[Osho (Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh)|Osho]]'s book ''Creativity'' on Twitter.<ref name="LGOC35">{{cite book |title=Creativity: Unleashing the Forces Within |author=Osho |year=1999 |edition=1|isbn=0-312-20519-8|url=http://www.amazon.com/Creativity-Unleashing-Forces-Within-insights/dp/0312205198/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpt_4|accessdate=January 11, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://oshomedia.blog.osho.com/2011/10/lady-gaga-i-read-osho-because-i-love-his-work/|title=I read Osho because I love his work|date=October 28, 2011|accessdate=October 28, 2011|publisher=OSHO International Media and Publishing News}}</ref> When asked about her connection to him, Gaga said she was influenced by his work and that, for her, "the creativity is the greatest way of rebellion": "Equality", she concluded, "is one of the most important things in my life."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/epa/article/ALeqM5hVwlynMQyNRRrnlSSI67L6tNK7vA?docId=1641323|title=Lady Gaga cantará ante un público selecto en el GP de Fórmula 1 de la India |date=October 28, 2011|accessdate=October 28, 2011|work=EFE}}</ref> {{Double image|right|IsaacFresno2.jpg|170|BowieRaR87.jpg|182|Music artists such as Madonna (''left'') and David Bowie (''right'') have influenced Gaga.}} Musically, Gaga takes influence from numerous musicians from [[dance-pop]] singers like [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]] and [[Michael Jackson]] to glam rock artists like [[David Bowie]] and [[Queen (band)|Queen]] whilst employing the theatrics of artists like [[Andy Warhol]] and of her musical theater roots in performance.<ref name="Allmusic bio" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's direct line to Andy Warhol|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/lostinshowbiz/2010/sep/09/lady-gaga-andy-warhol|work=The Guardian |first=Alexis|last=Petridis|date=September 9, 2010|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa: 'I was inspired by musical theatre'|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a320549/lady-gaga-i-was-inspired-by-musical-theatre.html|work=Digital Spy|date=May 20, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|first=Jennifer|last=Still}}</ref> "The Philosophy of Andy Warhol: From A to B and Back Again" by Andy Warhol has been noted for shaping Gaga's approach to celebrity. Warhol advised that enigmatic blankness generates an allure that could serve as the basis of fame. Some identify the mystery surrounding the "Gaga" identity as such a strategy.<ref>{{cite journal| first=Matthew | last=Galante | url=http://dotsanddashes.co.uk/features/joining-the-dots-all-we-hear-is-lady-gaga|title=All We Hear is Lady Gaga|publisher=Dots and Dashes|accessdate=December 11, 2011}}</ref> The Queen song "[[Radio Ga Ga]]" inspired her stage name: "I adored [[Freddie Mercury]] and Queen had a hit called 'Radio Gaga'. That's why I love the name [.....] Freddie was unique—one of the biggest personalities in the whole of pop music," she commented.<ref name="soundtrack">{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/sep/06/lady-gaga-popandrock |title=Soundtrack of my life: Lady Gaga |work=The Guardian |location=London |last=Thomson |first=Graeme |date=September 6, 2009 |accessdate=May 6, 2010 }}</ref> Gaga has often been compared to Madonna who admits that she sees herself reflected in Gaga.<ref>{{cite web|title=Madonna Talks Divorce, Lady Gaga & Being A 'Geek' In High School|url=http://www.accesshollywood.com/madonna-talks-divorce-lady-gaga-and-being-a-geek-in-high-school_article_24191|work=Access Hollywood|date=October 14, 2009|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref> In response to the comparisons, Gaga stated, "I don't want to sound presumptuous, but I've made it my goal to revolutionize pop music. The last revolution was launched by Madonna 25 years ago" in addition to commenting that "there is really no one that is a more adoring and loving Madonna fan than me. I am the hugest fan personally and professionally."<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Madonna Approves 'Born This Way'|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/lady-gaga-madonna-approves-born-99711|author=THR staff|work=The Hollywood Reporter|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|date=February 15, 2011|accessdate=July 27, 2011}}</ref> Like Madonna, Gaga has continued to reinvent herself and, over the years of her career, has drawn musical inspiration from a diverse mix of artists including [[Whitney Houston]], [[Grace Jones]], [[Cyndi Lauper]], [[Blondie (band)|Blondie]] singer [[Debbie Harry]], [[Scissor Sisters]], [[Prince (musician)|Prince]], [[Marilyn Manson]], [[Yoko Ono]], [[Britney Spears]], and [[Christina Aguilera]].<ref>Musical influences of Lady Gaga: * {{cite news |url=http://www.popcrunch.com/britney-spears-lady-gaga-collaboration-in-the-works/ |title=Britney Spears/Lady Gaga collaboration in the works |work=The Sun |accessdate=June 20, 2010 |publisher=Pop Crunch |last=Reporter |first=Staff | location=London | date=February 10, 2010}} * {{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: I can't wait to come to India|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/i-cant-wait-to-come-to-india-lady-gaga/143405-45-75.html|date=April 21, 2011|publisher=[[IBN Live]]|accessdate=May 27, 2011}} * {{cite web |title=Lady GaGa: "Grace Jones, Androgynous, Robo, Future Fashion Queen" |url=http://www.prefixmag.com/news/lady-gaga-grace-jones-androgynous-robo-future-fash/26057/ |first=Alexandra |last=Symonds |work=Prefix |accessdate=July 11, 2009 |date=July 10, 2009}} * {{cite journal |last=Tann |first=Remmy |date=July 11, 2011 |title=I was born this way: Lady Gaga |publisher=Yahoo! |accessdate=July 11, 2011 |url=http://sg.news.yahoo.com/blogs/what-is-buzzing/born-way-lady-gaga-145116015.html}} * {{cite news |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/showbiz/article-23694934-debbie-harry-would-love-to-perform-with-lady-gaga.do |title=Debbie Harry Would Love To Perform With Lady Gaga |date=October 25, 2009 |last=Smith |first=Liz |work=[[Evening Standard]] |accessdate=October 30, 2009}} * {{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Reflects on Springsteen Influence for 'Inside the Outside' Doc|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/471502/lady-gaga-reflects-on-springsteen-influence-for-inside-the-outside-doc|work=Billboard|accessdate=November 26, 2011|date=May 18, 2011|first=Phil|last=Gallo}} * {{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Our Lady of Pop|url=http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/lady-gaga-our-lady-of-pop/|work=Vogue|first=Jonathan|last=Van Meter|date=February 10, 2011|accessdate=November 26, 2011}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/491950/christina-aguilera-and-lady-gaga-perform-on-the-voice-effectively-putting-feud-rumors-to-rest|title=Christina Aguilera and Lady Gaga Perform on The Voice, Effectively Putting Feud Rumors to Rest|work=E! Online|publisher=E!|first=Zach|last=Johnson|date=December 18, 2013|accessdate=January 25, 2014|quote=I'm a very big fan of Christina Aguilera...}} </ref> Gaga has mentioned Spears in several interviews, and revealed, "Britney certainly doesn’t need any freakin' tips from me! Britney Spears is the [[Honorific nicknames in popular music|queen of pop]]. I was learning from her."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nowmagazine.co.uk/celebrity-news/300123/lady-gaga-i-don-t-have-time-for-dating/1|title=Lady GaGa: I don't have time for dating|date=February 9, 2009|accessdate=May 17, 2012|work=[[NOW (British magazine)|Now]]}}</ref> Gaga also paid tribute to Spears during the [[2011 MTV Video Music Awards]] with the [[MTV Video Vanguard Award]], adding that the pop singer "taught us all how to be fearless, and the industry wouldn't be the same without her."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1669862/britney-spears-lady-gaga-kiss-vmas.jhtml|title=Britney Spears Accepts Video Vanguard VMA&nbsp;– And A Kiss From Lady Gaga|date=August 28, 2011|accessdate=March 6, 2012|publisher=MTV. MTV Networks}}</ref> Gaga has identified fashion as a major influence and has been stylistically compared to [[Leigh Bowery]], [[Isabella Blow]], and [[Cher]].<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="mtv 55" /><ref name="ourladyvogue"/><ref name="cherfashionsense">{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Says Cher's Outfits Inspired Her Own Crazy Style|url=http://abcnewsradioonline.com/music-news/2011/9/26/lady-gaga-says-chers-outfits-inspired-her-own-crazy-style.html|work=ABC|first=Andrea|last=Dresdale|date=September 26, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref> She commented that "as a child, she somehow absorbed Cher's out-there fashion sense and made it her own."<ref name="cherfashionsense" /> She has considered [[Donatella Versace]] her [[muse]] and the late English fashion designer and close friend [[Alexander McQueen]] as an inspiration, admitting that "I miss Lee every time I get dressed" while channeling him in some of her work.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/><ref name="comeparty"/> In turn, Versace calls Lady Gaga "the fresh Donatella".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/designers-dish-a-conversation-donatella-687850 |work=The Hollywood Reporter|publisher=Prometheus Global Media |accessdate=June 24, 2014 |title=Desginer's dish: A Conversation With Donatella Versace|first=Merle |last=Ginsberg |date=March 20, 2014}}</ref> Modeled on Andy Warhol's Factory, Gaga has her own creative production team, which she handles personally, called the [[Haus of Gaga]], who create many of her clothes, stage props, and hairdos.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2009/03/143_40885.html |title=Lady Gaga Burning Up Album Charts |first=Cathy |last=Garcia |date=March 8, 2009 |accessdate=March 10, 2009 |publisher=[[Hankook Ilbo]] |work=[[The Korea Times]]}}</ref> Her adoration of fashion came from her mother, who she stated was "always very well kept and beautiful."<ref name="timesonline2">{{cite news |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article5746827.ece | title=Lady Gaga: ready for her close-up | first=Ruby | last=Warrington |work=The Sunday Times | date=February 22, 2009 | accessdate=February 22, 2009 }}</ref> In an interview with Larry King, she stated that after her own mother and grandmother, the most important woman to her was 20th century fashion icon [[Princess Diana]]; "I love Princess Diana so much. She was an enormous influence on me when I was younger because my mother worshipped her so much. When she died, I'll never forget, my mother was crying. It was this very powerful moment in my childhood watching my mother so connected to someone".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1006/01/lkl.01.html |title=Larry King Live&nbsp;– Interview With Lady Gaga|publisher=CNN|accessdate= March 7, 2014}}</ref> "When I'm writing music, I'm thinking about the clothes I want to wear on stage. It's all about everything altogether—performance art, pop performance art, fashion. For me, it's everything coming together and being a real story that will bring back the super-fan. I want to bring that back. I want the imagery to be so strong that fans will want to eat and taste and lick every part of us."<ref name="mtv 55" /> Gaga made her runway debut at [[Thierry Mugler]]'s Paris fashion show in March 2011 where she wore items from [[Nicola Formichetti]]'s debut women's wear collection. She has since devoted her time as a fashion columnist for ''[[V (American magazine)|V]]'' magazine, where she has written about her creative process, her studying of the world of pop culture, and her ability to tune into the evolution of pop-culture meme.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1663768/lady-gaga-v-magazine.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga Talks About Fashion Obsession In V Magazine|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|date=May 13, 2011|accessdate=May 13, 2011|publisher=MTV }}</ref> The [[Global Language Monitor]] named "Lady Gaga" as the Top Fashion Buzzword with her trademark "no pants" a close third.<ref>{{cite news |last=Silva |first=Horatio |url=http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/04/the-world-according-to-gaga/ |title=The World According to Gaga |work=The New York Times |date=March 4, 2010 |accessdate=April 25, 2010}}</ref> ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' put her outfits on its end of the decade "best-of" list, saying, "Whether it's a dress made of Muppets or strategically placed bubbles, Gaga's [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/outr%C3%A9 outré] ensembles brought performance art into the mainstream."<ref>{{cite journal |last=Geier |first=Thom |date=December 11, 2009 |title=The 100 Greatest Movies.. Trends That Entertained Us Over The Past 10 Years |work=Entertainment Weekly |volume=1079/1080 |issue=74 |page=84 |issn=10490434}}</ref> ''Time Magazine'' placed Gaga on their "All-Time 100 Fashion Icons List" amongst some of Gaga's inspirations such as Michael Jackson, Madonna, and the The Beatles, stating: "Lady Gaga is just as notorious for her outrageous style as she is for her pop hits. After all, Gaga, born Stefani Germanotta, has sported outfits made from plastic bubbles, [[Kermit the Frog]] dolls, and [[Meat dress of Lady Gaga|raw meat]]."<ref>{{cite news|title=All-Time 100 Fashion Icons|url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0,29569,2110513,00.html|accessdate=November 21, 2013|work=Time}}</ref> ===Videos and stage=== [[File:Lady Gaga covered in blood.jpg|thumb|upright|Gaga during a "blood soaked" performance (2010)]] With constant costume changes, [[backup dancer]]s, and provocative visuals, Gaga's music videos are often described as short films.<ref name=parvis/> "Being provocative is not just about getting people's attention. It's about saying something that really affects people in a real way, in a positive way," she professes.<ref name=parvis/> Exploring [[Bondage (sexual)|bondage]] and [[sadomasochism]] in addition to highlighting prevalent feminist themes, "the three central themes that shape Lady Gaga's music videos are sex, violence, and power."<ref name=criticaldebate>{{cite web|last=Fogel|first=Curtis|first2=Andrea |last2=Quinlan |title=Lady Gaga and Feminism: A Critical Debate|work=Cross-Culture Communication|year=2011|url=http://cscanada.net/index.php/ccc/article/view/j.ccc.1923670020110703.360/1947}}</ref> "[[Vaudeville|Vaudevillian]] and [[Carnal knowledge|carnal]], Lady Gaga has got the knack of sending rape-like fantasies—in songs and videos that double as catch club hits—to the top of the charts," wrote one critic.<ref name=ultimatepredator/> "Whether it is physical violence or sexual exploitation, these videos offer vivid depictions of male power over women's bodies," wrote another.<ref name=criticaldebate/> While she labels herself "a little bit of a feminist" and asserts that she is "sexually empowering women,"<ref name=ultimatepredator>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Emily Esfahani|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303411604575167821091223394.html|title=The Pop Singer as Ultimate Predator|work=Wall Street Journal|date=April 7, 2010|accessdate=February 4, 2012}}</ref> Gaga strives to empower young women to stand up for what they believe in.<ref name=criticaldebate/> She also attempts to liberate her fans so they can feel "less alone."<ref>{{cite web|last=Juzwiak|first=Rich|title=Lady Gaga Approximately|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/2010-01-19/music/lady-gaga-approximately/|work=The Village Voice|date=January 19, 2010|accessdate=February 4, 2012}}</ref> "She not only reiterates her assertion of total originality," professed pop critic [[Ann Powers]], "but also finesses it until it's both a philosophical stance about how constructing a persona from pop-cultural sources can be an expression of a person's truth—[[wikt:à la|a la]] those drag queens Gaga sincerely admires—and a bit of a feminist act."<ref>{{cite news|last=Powers|first=Ann|title=The Cultural Critic; Lady Gaga|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=December 13, 2009}}</ref> In summation of her videos, ''Rolling Stone'' used the [[rhetoric]]: "does anyone look to a Lady Gaga video for restraint?"<ref name=youandimv/> Her performances are described as "highly entertaining and innovative"; the blood-spurting performance of "Paparazzi" at the [[2009 MTV Video Music Awards]] was described as "eye-popping" by MTV.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621395/20090913/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga Lets It Bleed During Eye-Popping VMA Performance |date=September 13, 2009 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |publisher=MTV}}</ref> She continued the "blood soaked" theme during The Monster Ball Tour, in which she wore a revealing leather corset and was "attacked" by a performer dressed in black who gnaws on her throat, causing "blood" to spurt down her chest, after which she lies "dying" in a pool of blood. Her performances of that scene in England triggered protests from family groups and fans in the aftermath of a local tragedy, in which a taxi driver had murdered 12 people.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/2010/06/03/2010-06-03_fans_protest_lady_gagas_bloodspattered_monster_ball_show_in_england_after_shooti.html |title=Fans protest Lady Gaga's blood-spattered Monster Ball show in England after shooting spree |last=Roberts |first=Sorya |date=June 3, 2010 |accessdate=June 23, 2010 |work=Daily News}}</ref> "What happened in Bradford is very fresh in people's minds and given all the violence which happened in Cumbria just hours earlier, it was insensitive," said Lynn Costello of Mothers Against Violence.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Gaga-s-bloody-stage-show-sparks-fury/Article1-552890.aspx |title=Gaga's bloody stage show sparks fury |date=June 4, 2010 |accessdate=June 23, 2010 |work=Hindustan Times }}</ref> Her unconventionality continued at the [[2011 MTV Video Music Awards]]: performing in [[Drag (clothing)|drag]] as her male [[alter ego]], Jo Calderone, and delivering a lovesick monologue before a performance of her song "You and I".<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Bends Gender, Minds With VMA Monologue|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1669859/lady-gaga-jo-calderone-video-music-awards.jhtml|publisher=MTV|accessdate=September 28, 2011|last=Dinh|first=James|date=September 28, 2011}}</ref> Some have defended her flamboyant and provocative behavior. "Well, she's Lady Gaga," [[Chris Rock]] said. "She's not 'Lady Behave Yourself.' Do you want great behavior from a person named Gaga? Is this what you were expecting?"<ref>{{cite web |title=Q&A with Chris Rock |url=http://www.danpatrick.com/?/blog/116941/index.html |last=Patrick |first=Dan |date=July 9, 2010 |publisher=CNN |accessdate= July 16, 2010}}</ref> As Gaga's choreographer and creative director, [[Laurieann Gibson]] provided material for her shows and videos for four years. However, the pair parted in November 2011; Gaga replacing her with Gibson's assistant [[Richard "Richy" Jackson (choreographer)|Richard Jackson]].<ref name="byebyegibson">{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/music_blog/2011/11/lady-gaga-dismisses-longtime-creative-director-laurieann-gibson.html|first=Gerrick|last=Kennedy|title=Lady Gaga dismisses longtime creative director Laurieann Gibson|work=Los Angeles Times|date=November 14, 2011|accessdate=November 15, 2011}}</ref> Gaga admits to being a perfectionist when it comes to her elaborate shows. "I'm very bossy. I can scream my head off if I see one light fixture out. I'm very detailed&nbsp;– every minute of the show has got to be perfect."<ref name=parvis>{{cite book|last=Parvis|first=Sarah|title=Lady Gaga|year=2010|publisher=[[Andrews McMeel Publishing]]|isbn=0-7407-9795-6}}</ref> ===Public image=== While Chris Molanphy from ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' named Gaga the "Queen of Pop" in a ranking published by the magazine in 2011; public reception of Gaga's music, fashion sense and persona are mixed.<ref>{{cite web|title=Introducing the Queen of Pop|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/introducing-the-queen-of-pop-20110629|date=June 29, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Rolling Stone|first=Chris|last=Molanphy}}</ref> Her status as a role model, self-esteem booster for her fans, trailblazer and fashion icon who breathes new life into the industry is by turns affirmed and denied.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2009/12/24/style/YEARGAGA1227_index.html |title=The Year in Style <nowiki>&#124;</nowiki> Lady Gaga |last=Buckner |first=Michael |date=December 28, 2009 |accessdate=June 17, 2010 |work=The New York Times }} * {{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/04/arts/music/04gaga.html |title=An Artist Whose Chief Work Is Herself |last=Caramanica |first=Jon |date=May 3, 2009 |accessdate=June 17, 2010 |work=The New York Times }} * {{cite news |url=http://newsroom.mtv.com/2009/07/27/lady-gaga-you-are-no-grace-jones/ |title=Lady Gaga, You Are No Grace Jones |last=Vineyard |first=Jennifer |date=July 7, 2009 |accessdate=June 17, 2010 |publisher=MTV}} * {{cite news |url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/newmusicalexpress/2110/lady-gaga-vs-roisin-murphyspot-the-difference/ |title=Lady Gaga Vs. Roisin Murphy&nbsp;– Spot The Difference |last=Lewis |first=Luke |date=August 9, 2009 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |publisher=Yahoo!|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20091117212236/http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/newmusicalexpress/2110/lady-gaga-vs-roisin-murphyspot-the-difference/|archivedate=November 17, 2009}} * {{cite news |url=http://www.hollywoodnews.com/2010/06/15/kylie-minogue-thinks-theres-an-element-of-her-in-lady-gaga/ |title=Kylie Minogue thinks there's an element of her in Lady Gaga |date=June 13, 2010 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |publisher=Hollywood News}}</ref> Gaga's albums have received mostly positive reviews and critics have pointed out her unique place in pop music, the need for new movements in popular culture, the attention Gaga brings to modern social issues, and the inherently subjective nature of her art.<ref name="influence3">{{cite web | url=http://www.metacritic.com/music/the-fame | title=Lady Gaga: The Fame | publisher=[[Metacritic]] | accessdate=January 9, 2009}} * {{cite journal |issn=1049-0434 |title=Is Lady GaGa a saviour of Pop? |last=Browne |first=David |date=January 9, 2010 |volume=1091 |issue=2 |work=Entertainment Weekly}} * {{cite news |url=http://out.com/detail.asp?id=26601 |title=Heather Cassils: Lady Gaga's Prison Yard Girlfriend |last=Andres |first=Joanna |date=April 9, 2010 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |work=[[Out (magazine)|Out]]}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.elle.com/Fashion/Fashion-Spotlight/Celebrity-Fashion-Lady-Gaga |title=Lady Gaga Fashion&nbsp;– Vote on 15 of Lady Gaga's Outfits |date=December 1, 2009 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |work=Elle}}</ref> Gaga wore a [[Meat dress of Lady Gaga|dress made of raw beef]] to the [[2010 MTV Video Music Awards]] which was supplemented by boots, a purse, and a hat that were also all made out of raw beef.<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga's meat dress divides opinion |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/music-news/8001267/Lady-Gagas-meat-dress-divides-opinion.html |date=September 14, 2010 |accessdate=June 12, 2010 |last=Roberts |first= Laura |work=The Daily Telegraph }}</ref> Partly awarded in recognition of the dress, Vogue.com UK named her one of the Best Dressed people of 2010 while ''Time'' magazine's named the dress the Fashion Statement of 2010. However, it received divided opinions, attracting the attention of worldwide media but also invoking the fury of animal rights organization [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals|PETA]].<ref>[http://www.vogue.co.uk/celebrity-photos/101214-best-dressed-list-2010.aspx VOGUE.COM UK] ''VOGUE.COM UK''&nbsp;– The Best Dressed People of the Year 2010</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga&nbsp;– The Top 10 Everything of 2010&nbsp;– TIME |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2035319_2034464,00.html |last=Luscombe |first= Belinda |date=December 9, 2010 |accessdate=December 15, 2010 |work=Time}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Five interpretations of Gaga's meat dress |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-11297832 |date=September 14, 2010 |accessdate=June 12, 2010 |first=Denise |last=Winterman |first2= Jon |last2=Kelly |publisher=BBC (BBC Online)}}</ref> In view of her influence on modern culture and her rise to global fame, sociologist Mathieu Deflem of the [[University of South Carolina]] has organized a course titled "Lady Gaga and the Sociology of the Fame" since spring 2011 with the objective of unravelling "some of the sociologically relevant dimensions of the fame of Lady Gaga."<ref>{{cite news |title=US College Offering Lady GaGa Degree |url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/lady-gaga/news/244144-us-college-offering-lady-gaga-degree |publisher=MTV Networks |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |accessdate=November 3, 2010 |date=October 30, 2010}} * {{cite web |title=SOCY 398D&nbsp;– Lady Gaga and the Sociology of the Fame |first= Mathieu |last=Deflem |url=http://deflem.blogspot.com/2002/08/socy398d.html |accessdate=March 11, 2010}} * {{cite news| title = Beyond ABCs of Lady Gaga to the Sociology of Fame| author=Katharine Q. Seelye| date = October 28, 2010|work=The New York Times| url = http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/29/us/29gaga.html}}</ref> When Gaga briefly met with US president Barack Obama at a Human Rights Campaign fundraiser, he described the interaction as "intimidating" as she was dressed in 16-inch heels making her undoubtedly the tallest woman in the room.<ref>{{cite news | last = Dwyer | first = Devin | title = President Obama Calls Lady Gaga 'A Little Intimidating' | work = ABCNews | url = http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/10/president-obama-calls-lady-gaga-a-little-intimidating/ | accessdate = October 2, 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Gaga vax at Madame Tussauds London.jpg|thumb|left|170px|A wax sculpture of Gaga at [[Madame Tussauds London]]]] Towards the end of 2008, comparisons were made between the fashions of Gaga and recording artist [[Christina Aguilera]] that noted similarities in their styling, hair, and make-up.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /> Aguilera stated that she was "completely unaware of [Gaga]" and "didn't know if it [was] a man or a woman."<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /> When interviewed by [[Barbara Walters]] for her annual [[ABC News]] special ''[[Barbara Walters' 10 Most Fascinating People|10 Most Fascinating People]]'' in 2009, Gaga dismissed the claim that she is [[intersex]] as an [[urban legend]]. Responding to a question on this issue, she stated, "At first it was very strange and everyone sorta said, 'That's really quite a story!' But in a sense, I portray myself in a very [[androgyny|androgynous]] way, and I love androgyny."<ref name="walters">{{cite web |url=http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?id=9640579 |title=Lady Gaga: 'I Love Androgyny' |publisher=ABC News |accessdate=May 3, 2010 |last=Walters |first=Barbara |date=December 30, 2009 |authorlink=Barbara Walters}}</ref> In addition to Aguilera's statement, comparisons continued into 2010, when Aguilera released the music video of her single "[[Not Myself Tonight]]". Critics noted similarities between the song and its accompanying music video with Gaga's video for "Bad Romance".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wetpaint.com/the-voice/articles/2013-09-12-lady-gaga-christina-aguilera-beef|title=Lady Gaga Calls Christina Aguilera Feud "Total Nonsense" on Watch What Happens Live|last=McRady|first=Rachel|date=September 23, 2013|accessdate=September 28, 2013|publisher=[[Wetpaint]].com}}</ref> There have also been similar comparisons made between Gaga's style and that of fashion icon [[Dale Bozzio]] from the band [[Missing Persons (band)|Missing Persons]]. Some have considered their respective images to be strikingly parallel although fans of Missing Persons note that Bozzio had pioneered the look more than thirty years earlier.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://musicblog.dallasnews.com/archives/2009/12/dale-bozzio-should-be-flattere.html |title= Dale Bozzio should be flattered...maybe |last=Tarradell |first=Mario |date=December 14, 2009 |accessdate=November 3, 2010 |work=[[The Dallas Morning News]] |archiveurl=http://archive.is/Ki4b |archivedate=July 10, 2012}}</ref> While devout followers call Gaga "Mother Monster", Gaga often refers to her fans as "Little Monsters" which has been tattooed on "the arm that holds my [[Microphone|mic]]" in dedication.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Lording it|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2011/may/14/lady-gaga-interview|work=The Guardian |date=May 14, 2011|accessdate=February 11, 2012|first=Simon|last=Hattenstone}}</ref><ref name="monsters">{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2010/02/03/2010-02-03_lady_gaga_dedicates_her_new_little_monsters_tattoo_to_her_fans.html |title=Lady Gaga dedicates her new 'Little Monsters' tattoo to her fans |work=Daily News |accessdate=April 2, 2010 |last=Odell |first=Amy |date=February 3, 2010}}</ref> To some, this [[dichotomy]] contravenes the concept of outsider culture. [[Camille Paglia]] in her 2010 cover story "Lady Gaga and the death of sex" in ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' asserts that Gaga "is more an identity thief than an erotic taboo breaker, a mainstream manufactured product who claims to be singing for the freaks, the rebellious and the dispossessed when she is none of those."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shakenstir.co.uk/index.php/features/gaga-and-the-death-of-sex/features/20608/ |title=Lady Gaga and the death of sex|authorlink=Camille Paglia|last=Paglia|first=Camille|date=September 12, 2010|accessdate=October 4, 2010|work=The Sunday Times }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/opinion/lady-gagas-grab-for-attention-enough-to-make-you-gag/story-e6freri6-1225923966643 |title=Lady Gaga's grab for attention enough to make you gag|first=Jane |last=Fynes-Clinton|work=[[The Courier-Mail]]|date=September 15, 2010|accessdate=October 4, 2010}}</ref> Writing for ''The Guardian'', [[Kitty Empire]] opined that the dichotomy "...allows the viewer to have a 'transgressive' experience without being required to think. At [her performance's] core, though, is the idea that Gaga is at one with the freaks and outcasts. The Monster Ball is where we can all be free. This is arrant nonsense, as the scads of people buying Gaga's cunningly commercial music are not limited to the niche worlds of [[drag queen]]s and hip night creatures from which she draws her inspiration. But Gaga seems sincere."<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/feb/21/lady-gaga-men-arena-manchester|title=Lady Gaga at MEN arena, Manchester|date=February 21, 2010|accessdate=June 18, 2010|last=Empire|first=Kitty|work=The Guardian |location=london}}</ref> Gaga has also launched "[http://littlemonsters.com littlemonsters.com]", the first official [[Social networking service|social network]] devoted to [[Stan (fan)|fans]] of an artist that went online in July 2012.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bort|first=Julie|title=FIRST LOOKS: Lady Gaga Opens Her Own Social Network To The Public|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/first-looks-lady-gaga-opens-her-own-social-network-to-the-public-2012-7?op=1|publisher=Business Insider|accessdate=July 10, 2012}}</ref> In 2012, Gaga become a feature of a temporary exhibition ''The Elevated. From the Pharaoh to Lady Gaga'' marking the 150th anniversary of the [[National Museum, Warsaw|National Museum]] in [[Warsaw]].<ref name=warsawvoice>{{cite web |title=Those Elevated Ones. From the Pharaoh to Lady Gaga|url=http://www.warsawvoice.pl/baza_wydarzen/wydarzenie.php?layout=nwv&lang=en/24285|work=www.warsawvoice.pl|accessdate=July 6, 2012}}</ref> An exhibition devoted to the mechanisms and the iconography of power was co-financed from the [[Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (Poland)|Ministry of Culture and National Heritage]] funds.<ref name=warsawvoice /> Its purpose was to show the ubiquity of hierarchy from antiquity to the present.<ref name=warsawvoice /> The central showpiece of the exhibition was the effigy of two women who had achieved a high status in the society of its time.<ref name=wprost>{{cite web |title=Od faraona do Lady Gagi. Wywyższeni w warszawskim Muzeum Narodowym|url=http://www.wprost.pl/ar/322887/Od-faraona-do-Lady-Gagi-Wywyzszeni-w-warszawskim-Muzeum-Narodowym/|work=[[Wprost]]|publisher=Agencja Wydawniczo-Reklamowa Wprost|accessdate=July 6, 2012 |quote=Wizytówką wystawy jest zestawienie w holu muzeum wizerunków dwóch kobiet, które osiągnęły wysoki status w społeczeństwie swojej epoki. Jedna z nich, Dorota de Biron pochodziła z książęcego rodu i za sprawą urodzenia, ale też urody i intelektu, była powszechnie podziwianą osobistością późnego XVIII wieku, celebrytką ówczesnej kultury dworskiej. Amerykańska piosenkarka Lady Gaga, która na zdjęciu w muzeum prezentuje się w sukni z surowego mięsa to&nbsp;– zdaniem autorów wystawy&nbsp;– ikona współczesności, wywyższona poprzez władzę jaką sprawuje nad lansującymi ją mass mediami.}}</ref> Gaga was presented in a dress of raw meat, described by Polish weekly ''[[Wprost]]'' as "an icon of modernity elevated by the power which she exercises over mass media, a prominent specialist in creating her own image".<ref name=wprost /> The meat dress was later displayed at the [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]] located in [[Washington, D.C.]] with an explanation of her political message.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's meat dress headed for D.C. museum|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-207_162-57507163/lady-gagas-meat-dress-headed-for-d.c-museum/|publisher=CBS News|accessdate=September 6, 2012|date=August 9, 2012}}</ref> A new genus of [[fern]]s, ''[[Gaga (genus)|Gaga]]'', and two new species, ''G. germanotta'' and ''G. monstraparva'' have been named in her honor. "The epithet "''monstraparva''" honors Gaga's fervent and loyal fans, her "little monsters." The official little monster greeting is the outstretched "monster claw" hand, which bears a striking resemblance to a tightly inrolled young fern leaf prior to unfurling."<ref>{{cite journal|author=Fay-Wei Li, Kathleen M. Pryer, Michael D. Windham|title=''Gaga'', a new fern genus segregated from ''Cheilanthes'' (Pteridaceae)|journal=Systematic Botany|volume=37|year=2012|pages=845–860|doi=10.1600/036364412X656626|issue=4}}</ref> ==Activism== ===Philanthropy=== [[File:LadyGaga-EqualityMarch-Crop.jpg|upright|thumb|Gaga delivering a speech at the 2009 [[National Equality March]]|alt=A blond woman wearing a white shirt and black glasses speaking on a lectern carrying a 'National Equality March' poster. Behind her is a white stone balustrade of a building.]] Besides her career in music, Gaga has also contributed to various charities. For natural disasters, Gaga has helped various relief efforts. Although declining an invitation to appear on the single "[[We Are the World 25 for Haiti|We Are the World 25]]" to benefit victims of the [[2010 Haiti earthquake]], she donated the proceeds of her January 24, 2010 concert at New York's [[Radio City Music Hall]] to the country's reconstruction relief fund.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Explains Her Absence From 'We Are The World' Recording |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1631353/lady-gaga-explains-her-absence-from-we-world-recording.jhtml |date=February 5, 2010 |accessdate=January 6, 2011 |publisher=MTV |first=Jocelyn |last=Vena}}</ref> All profits from her official online store on that day were also donated. Gaga announced that an estimated total of US$500,000 was collected for the fund.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1630614/20100127/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga Says She Raised $500,000 For Haiti Relief |last=Kaufman |first=Gil |date=January 27, 2010 |publisher=MTV |accessdate=January 6, 2011}}</ref> Hours after the [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami]] hit Japan on March 11, 2011, Gaga [[Twitter|tweeted]] a message and a link to Japan Prayer Bracelets. All revenue from a bracelet she designed in conjunction with the company was donated to relief efforts.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1659769/japanese-tsunami-bracelet-lady-gaga.jhtml |title= Lady Gaga Designs Japanese Tsunami Relief Wristband |date=March 21, 2011 |accessdate=March 29, 2011 |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |publisher=MTV }}</ref> As of March 29, 2011, the bracelets raised $1.5&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/03/29/today-in-tech-lady-gaga-gives-to-zynga-apple-delaying-iphone-5/ |title=Today in Tech: Lady Gaga gives to Zynga, Apple delaying iPhone 5? |last=Mangalindan |first=JP |date=March 29, 2011 |accessdate=March 29, 2011 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> However, attorney Alyson Oliver filed a lawsuit against Gaga in Detroit in June 2011, noting that the bracelet was subject to a sales tax and an extra $3.99 shipping charge was added to the price. She also believed that not all proceeds from the bracelets would go to the relief efforts, demanding a public accounting of the campaign and refunds for people who had bought the bracelet. Gaga's spokesperson called the lawsuit "meritless" and "misleading".<ref name="msnbc-gaga-bracelet-lawsuit">{{cite news|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/43582514/ns/us_news-giving/t/lady-gaga-sued-over-fundraising-japan/|title=Lady Gaga sued over fundraising for Japan|date=June 29, 2011|publisher=MSNBC|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=June 30, 2011}}</ref> On June 25, 2011, Gaga performed at [[MTV Japan]]'s charity show in [[Makuhari Messe]], which benefited the [[Japanese Red Cross]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Schwartz |first=Rob |title=Lady Gaga to Appear at MTV Japan Charity Event |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/472056/lady-gaga-to-appear-at-mtv-japan-charity-event |date=April 14, 2011 |accessdate= April 15, 2011 |work=Billboard}}</ref> In October 2012, Gaga was reported to have met the founder of [[Wikileaks]], [[Julian Assange]], at the Ecuadorean embassy in London.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2012/oct/09/lady-gaga-visits-julian-assange?newsfeed=true |title=Lady Gaga takes tea with |first=Julian |last=Assange |date=October 9, 2012|accessdate=November 21, 2013|work= The Guardian }}</ref> On October 9, 2012, [[Yoko Ono]] gave Gaga and four other activists the [[LennonOno Grant for Peace]] in [[Reykjavík]], [[Iceland]].<ref>{{cite web |last=|first=|title=Lennon Ono Grant For Peace 2012 awarded to Rachel Corrie, John Perkins, Christopher Hitchens, Pussy Riot and Lady Gaga|url=http://imaginepeace.com/archives/18529|date=October 5, 2012|accessdate= January 29, 2013 |work=Imagine Peace|publisher=}}</ref> On November 6, 2012, Gaga pledged to donate $1 million to the American Red Cross to help the victims of [[Hurricane Sandy]]. Gaga also contributes in the fight against [[HIV/AIDS|HIV and AIDS]], focusing on educating young women about the risks of the disease. In collaboration with [[Cyndi Lauper]], Gaga joined forces with [[Make-up Art Cosmetics|MAC Cosmetics]] to launch a line of lipstick under their supplementary cosmetic line, Viva Glam. In a press release, Gaga declared, "I don't want Viva Glam to be just a lipstick you buy to help a cause. I want it to be a reminder when you go out at night to put a condom in your purse right next to your lipstick."<ref>{{cite web |title=Going Gaga |url=http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity-lifestyle/celebrities/interviews/lady-gaga-interview |accessdate=January 6, 2011 |first=Ning |last=Chao |work=Marie Claire}}</ref> The sales of Gaga-endorsed Viva Glam lipstick and lipgloss have raised more than $202 million to fight HIV and AIDS.<ref name="forbesprofile" /> ===Born This Way Foundation=== {{Main|Born This Way Foundation}} In 2012, she launched the Born This Way Foundation (BTWF), a non-profit organization that focuses on youth empowerment and issues like self-confidence, well-being, anti-bullying, mentoring, and career development. It takes its name from the 2011 single and album. The foundation plans to work with a number of partners, including the [[John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation]], [[The California Endowment]] and the [[Berkman Center for Internet & Society]] at Harvard University.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Launches Born This Way Foundation|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1673633/lady-gaga-born-this-way-foundation.jhtml|date=November 2, 2011|accessdate=December 12, 2011|first=Jocelyn|last=Vena|work=MTV}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2012/03/lady-gaga-launches-born-this-way-foundation-2/ |title=Lady Gaga Launches Born This Way Foundation |first= |last=|work=abcnews.go.com |date=March 1, 2012 |accessdate=March 4, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=[[The Times (South Africa)]] |date=June 25, 2012 | title=Lady Gaga's quest for kindness makes her 'Reel Cool' | first=Jackie |last=May}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=[[South China Morning Post]] |date=May 6, 2012 |title=She does it her way; Lady Gaga stands up for individuality|first=Leon |last=Lee}}</ref> Media proprietor [[Oprah Winfrey]], writer [[Deepak Chopra]], and [[United States Secretary of Health and Human Services]] [[Kathleen Sebelius]] spoke at the inauguration at [[Harvard University]].<ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.yahoo.com/lady-gaga-oprah-harvard-launch-singers-youth-empowerment-093047921.htmltml |title=Lady Gaga, Oprah at Harvard, launch singer’s youth-empowerment foundation |first= |last= |work=[[The Washington Post]] |date=February 29, 2012 |location=[[Washington, DC]] |issn=0190-8286 |accessdate=March 4, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/506141/oprah-teams-up-with-lady-gaga-for-born-this-way-foundation-launch |title=Oprah Teams Up With Lady Gaga for Born This Way Foundation Launch |publisher=Billboard |date=February 14, 2012 |accessdate=July 5, 2012}}</ref> The foundation's original funding included $1.2 million from Gaga, $500,000 from the MacArthur Foundation, and $850,000 from [[Barneys New York]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-284604503.html|title=Lady Gaga Testifies at Harvard on Behalf of Born This Way Foundation.|date=March 12, 2012|work=Mental Health Weekly Digest|accessdate=July 5, 2012}}</ref> The foundation works in partnership with the [[Berkman Center for Internet & Society]] at Harvard University, the [[John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation|MacArthur Foundation]], the [[California Endowment]],<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/oprah-winfrey-to-join-lady-gaga-for-born-this-way-foundation-launch-event-at-harvard-university-on-february-29th-139280133.html |title=Oprah Winfrey to Join Lady Gaga for Born This Way Foundation Launch |first= |last= |work=prnewswire.com |date=February 14, 2012 |accessdate=March 4, 2012}}</ref> and, as lead media partner, [[Viacom]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Loading Tumblr posts |url=http://bornthiswayfoundation.org/ |title=Born This Way Foundation |publisher=Born This Way Foundation |accessdate=July 6, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.viacom.com/2012/05/viacom-joins-forces-with-lady-gagas-born-this-way-foundation-as-its-lead-media-partner/ |title=Viacom Joins Forces with Lady Gaga’s Born This Way Foundation as its Lead Media Partner&nbsp;– Blog.Viacom |publisher=Blog.viacom.com |date=May 17, 2012 |accessdate=July 6, 2012}}</ref> In July 2012, the BTWF partnered with [[Office Depot]], which will donate 25% of the sales-a minimum of $1million-of a series of limited edition back-to-school products that promote the foundation's message<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.artistdirect.com/entertainment-news/article/lady-gaga-s-born-this-way-foundation-partners-with-office-depot/10171534 |title=Lady Gaga's Born This Way Foundation Partners With Office Depot&nbsp;– ARTISTdirect News |publisher=Artistdirect.com |accessdate=July 23, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://style.mtv.com/2012/07/16/born-this-way-foundation-bracelets-office-depot/ |title=MTV Style &#124; Born This Way Foundation Sells Bravery Bracelets At Office Depot |publisher=Style.mtv.com |date=July 16, 2012 |accessdate=July 23, 2012}}</ref> The foundation's initiatives have included, in March–April 2012, a poster competition that asked participants to submit images that answer the question "What does bravery mean to you?";<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bornthiswayfoundation.org/pages/born-this-way-foundation-poster-contest-official-rules |title=Poster Contest Official Rules |publisher=Born This Way Foundation |accessdate=July 6, 2012}}</ref> the "Born Brave Bus" that would follow her on tour as a youth drop-in center as an initiative against bullying;<ref>{{cite web|last=Krasny |first=Ros |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/2012/03/01/ladygaga-bullying-idINDEE81S0MX20120301 |title=Lady Gaga lends star wattage to youth empowerment|publisher=Reuters |date=March 1, 2012 |accessdate=July 5, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iol.co.za/capeargus/menace-of-cyber-bullies-1.1273529 |title=Menace of cyber bullies |publisher= [[Cape Argus]] |date=April 11, 2012 |accessdate=July 5, 2012}}</ref> and the "Born Brave" community and school groups.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=PR Newswire|date=June 28, 2012 |title=Born This Way Foundation Unveils 'Born Brave' Groups; Lady Gaga's foundation to launch community-based youth organizations nationwide}}</ref> ===LGBT advocacy=== [[File:DADT rally Lady Gaga.jpg|thumb|left|Gaga addresses the crowd at [[Servicemembers Legal Defense Network|SLDN]]'s "[[Don't ask, don't tell]]" rally in 2010]] Gaga is an outspoken activist for [[LGBT rights by country or territory|LGBT rights worldwide]].<ref name="activist">{{cite news |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/10/11/AR2009101101892_2.html |title=For Gay Activists, The Lady Is a Champ |accessdate=December 12, 2009 |last=Zak |first=Dan |date=October 12, 2009 |work=The Washington Post}}</ref> She attributes much of her early success as a mainstream artist to her [[homosexuality|gay]] fans and is considered a [[gay icon]].<ref name="fabmag">{{cite journal|page=45|volume=54|issue=9|title=Going Gaga |last=Thomas |first=Matt |publisher=[[Pink Triangle Press]] |work=[[fab (magazine)|Fab]] |date=July 9, 2009}}</ref> Early in her career she had difficulty getting [[airplay|radio airplay]], and stated, "The turning point for me was the gay community."<ref name="mtvgayicon">{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1610781/20090506/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga On Success: 'The Turning Point For Me Was The Gay Community' |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |date=May 7, 2009 |publisher=MTV |accessdate=August 11, 2009}}</ref> She thanked FlyLife, a Manhattan-based [[LGBT]] marketing company with whom her label Interscope works, in the liner notes of ''The Fame''.<ref name="thefame">{{cite AV media notes |others=Lady Gaga |title=[[The Fame]] |type=Liner notes |publisher=[[Interscope Records]] |year=2008 |id=2726601}}</ref> One of her first televised performances was in May 2008 at the [[NewNowNext Awards]], an awards show aired by the LGBT television network [[Logo (TV channel)|Logo]].<ref name="newnownext">{{cite web |url=http://www.logotv.com/video/franchise.jhtml?ctid=1956 |title=NewNowNext Awards |accessdate=August 11, 2009 |date=May 3, 2008}}</ref> In June of the same year, she performed at the [[San Francisco Pride]] event.<ref name="sfpride">{{cite news |url=http://www.sfpride.org/celeb/mainstage_08.html |title=2008 Main Stage Line-Up |accessdate=August 11, 2009 |date=June 13, 2008 |publisher=[[San Francisco Pride]]}}</ref> After ''The Fame'' was released, she revealed that the song "Poker Face" was about her [[bisexuality]]. In an interview with ''Rolling Stone'', she spoke about how her boyfriends tended to react to her bisexuality, saying "The fact that I'm into women, they're all intimidated by it. It makes them uncomfortable. They're like, 'I don't need to have a threesome. I'm happy with just you'."<ref name="rsannual"/> When she appeared as a guest on ''[[The Ellen DeGeneres Show]]'' in May 2009, she praised DeGeneres for being "an inspiration for women and for the gay community".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/out-of-line/lady-gaga-knocks-out-ellen-degeneres_30233.html|title=Lady GaGa knocks out Ellen Degeneres|date=May 24, 2009|accessdate=September 26, 2013|publisher=[[Zee News]]}}</ref> She called the October 11, 2009, [[National Equality March]] rally on the [[National Mall]] "the single most important event of her career."<ref name="E!">{{cite news |url=http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/b148428_kanye_who_lady_gaga_teams_up_with.html |title=Kanye Who? Lady Gaga Teams Up With President Obama |accessdate=December 12, 2009 |first=Fowler |last=Brand |date=October 12, 2009 |work=[[E! Entertainment Television]] |publisher=E! Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621407/20090914/lady_gaga.jhtml | title=Lady Gaga's Shocking 2009 VMA Fashion Choices | date=August 14, 2009 | last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |publisher=MTV | accessdate=August 19, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga performs her version of 'Imagine' at the Human Rights Campaign dinner in Washington D.C |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2009/10/12/2009-10-12_lady_gaga_performs_her_version_of_imagine_at_the_human_rights_campaign_dinner_in.html |work=Daily News |date=December 10, 2009 |accessdate=June 12, 2010 |author=Carter, Nicole}}</ref> Gaga attended the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards accompanied by four gay and lesbian former members of the [[United States Armed Forces]] who had been unable to serve [[Coming out|openly]] under the U.S. military's "[[Don't ask, don't tell]]" (DADT) policy.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga Goes Political in Maine |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 20, 2010 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/21/us/politics/21gaga.html |last=Zezima |first=Katy |accessdate=September 21, 2010}}</ref> Gaga released three videos on YouTube urging her fans to contact their Senators in an effort to overturn DADT. In September 2010 she spoke at a [[Servicemembers Legal Defense Network]]'s rally in [[Portland, Maine|Portland]], Maine. Following this event, editors of ''[[The Advocate]]'' commented that she had become "the real fierce advocate" for gays and lesbians, one that Barack Obama had promised to be.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.advocate.com/News/Daily_News/2010/09/21/Lady_Gaga_Weve_Found_Our_Fierce_Advocate/ |title=Gaga: We've Found Our Fierce Advocate |accessdate=September 21, 2010 |date=September 28, 2010 |work=The Advocate}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Obama: I'm a 'Fierce Advocate' for Gay and Lesbians |work=The Washington Independent |date=December 8, 2008 |url=http://washingtonindependent.com/22526/obama-im-a-fierce-advocate-for-gay-and-lesbians |last=McGann |first=Laura |accessdate=September 28, 2010}}</ref> Gaga appeared at [[Europride]], a pan-European international event dedicated to LGBT pride, held in Rome in June 2011. She criticized the intolerant state of [[LGBT rights in Europe|gay rights in many European countries]] and described homosexuals as "revolutionaries of love".<ref name=mtvrome>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa Performs At EuroPride In Rome|url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/lady-gaga/news/276972-lady-gaga-europride-italy-gay-rights|date=June 13, 2011|accessdate=June 20, 2011|publisher=MTV}}</ref> {{-}} ==Discography== {{Main|Lady Gaga discography}} * ''[[The Fame]]'' (2008) * ''[[The Fame Monster]]'' (2009) * ''[[Born This Way]]'' (2011) * ''[[Artpop]]'' (2013) * ''[[Cheek to Cheek (album)|Cheek to Cheek]]'' (with [[Tony Bennett]]) (2014) ==Filmography== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+ Television ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 2001 !scope="row"| ''[[The Sopranos]]'' | Classmate | "[[The Telltale Moozadell]]" ([[List of The Sopranos episodes#Season 3|Season 3]], episode 9), Uncredited |- | 2005 !scope="row"| ''[[Boiling Points]]'' | Herself |Pre-fame, Uncredited |- | 2009 !scope="row"| ''[[Gossip Girl]]'' |Herself | "[[The Last Days of Disco Stick]]" ([[List of Gossip Girl episodes#Season 3: 2009–10|Season 3]], episode 10), [[Cameo appearance]] |- | 2009 !scope="row"| ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' | Musical guest |"[[Ryan Reynolds]]/Lady Gaga" ([[Saturday Night Live (season 35)|Season 35]], episode 2) |- | 2010 !scope="row"| ''[[Double Exposure (American TV series)|Double Exposure]]'' | Herself | "No One Can Work Like This" |- | 2011 !scope="row"| ''[[American Idol]]'' | Mentor | [[American Idol (season 10)|Season 10]] |- |2011 !scope="row"|''Saturday Night Live'' |Musical guest |"[[Justin Timberlake]]/Lady Gaga" ([[Saturday Night Live (season 36)|Season 36]], episode 22) |- |2011 !scope="row"| ''[[So You Think You Can Dance]]'' | Guest judge | ([[So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 8)|Season 8]], episode 3) |- |2011 !scope="row"| ''[[Born to Dance (TV series)|Born to Dance]]'' | Herself | Season one |- |2011 !scope="row"| ''[[A Very Gaga Thanksgiving]]'' | Herself | [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] Special |- | 2011 !scope="row"| ''[[Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest]]'' | Herself | Performed and joined [[New York City]] Mayor [[Michael Bloomberg]] in dropping the [[Times Square Ball]]. |- |2012 !scope="row"| ''[[Oprah's Next Chapter]]'' | Herself | "Lady Gaga and Her Mother, Cynthia" ([[List of Oprah's Next Chapter episodes#Season One (2012)|Season one]], episodes 14–15) |- |2012 !scope="row"| ''[[The Simpsons]]'' | Herself | "[[Lisa Goes Gaga]]" ([[The Simpsons (season 23)|Season 23]], episode 22) |- | 2013 !scope="row"|''[[Lady Gaga and the Muppets' Holiday Spectacular]]'' | Herself | [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] Special |- |2013 !scope="row"|''Saturday Night Live'' |Musical guest/Host |"Lady Gaga" ([[Saturday Night Live (season 39)|Season 39]], episode 6) |} {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+ Film ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 2011 !scope="row"| ''[[Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden]]'' | Herself | Television film |- |2012 !scope="row"| ''[[Katy Perry: Part of Me]]'' | Herself | Cameo appearance |- |2013 !scope="row"| ''[[Machete Kills]]'' | La Chameleón | Nominated–[[Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress]] |- |2014 !scope="row"| ''[[Muppets Most Wanted]]'' |Herself |Cameo appearance |- | 2014 !scope="row"| ''[[Sin City: A Dame to Kill For]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=Joseph Gordon Levitt With Ramiros House|url=http://www.jamn945.com/media/podcast-interviews-Interviews/joseph-gordon-levitt-with-ramiros-house-23636944/|publisher=[[WJMN (FM){{!}}WJMN]]|author=MEdia Podcast|accessdate=August 28, 2013}}</ref> | The Waitress | |- |2014 !scope="row"| ''[[Kingsman: The Secret Service]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=The Secret Service: Lady Gaga to play herself in the film |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/the-secret-service-lady-gaga-to-play-herself-in-the-film/422512-8-67.html|accessdate=September 17, 2013 |date= September 17, 2013|publisher=[[IBN Live]]}}</ref> | | |} ==Concerts== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ;Headlining tours * [[The Fame Ball Tour]] (2009) * [[The Monster Ball Tour]] (2009–11) * [[Born This Way Ball]] (2012–13) * [[ArtRave: The Artpop Ball]] (2014) ;Co-headlining tours * [[Fame Kills: Starring Kanye West and Lady Gaga]] (2009–10; canceled) {{col-2}} ;Residency shows * [[Lady Gaga Live at Roseland Ballroom]] (2014) ;Promotional concerts *[[ArtRave]] (2013) {{col-end}} ==See also== {{Wikipedia books|Lady Gaga}} * [[Honorific nicknames in popular music]] * [[List of Billboard Social 50 number-one artists]] * [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga]] {{Clear}} ==References== {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==Further reading== {{refbegin}} * {{Cite book| last = Goodman| first= Elizabeth| year = 2010| title = Lady Gaga: Critical Mass Fashion| publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]| isbn = 0-312-66840-6}} * {{Cite book| editor = Gray, Richard J.| title = The Performance Identities of Lady Gaga : Critical Essays| year = 2012| publisher = [[McFarland & Company]]| location = Jefferson, N.C.| isbn = 0-7864-6830-0}} * {{Cite book | last = Halberstam| first = J. Jack | title = Gaga Feminism : Sex, Gender, and the End of Normal| year = 2012| publisher = Beacon Press| location = [[Boston]]| isbn = 978-0-8070-1098-3}} * {{Cite book| last = Herbert| first = Emily| year = 2010| title = [[Lady Gaga: Queen of Pop]]| publisher=[[John Blake Publishing]]| isbn = 978-1-84454-963-4}} * {{Cite book| last = Morgan| first = Johnny| title = Gaga| year = 2010| publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]| isbn = 1-4027-8059-1}} * {{Cite book| last = Parvis| first = Sarah| title = Lady Gaga| year = 2010| publisher=[[Andrews McMeel Publishing]]| isbn = 0-7407-9795-6}} * {{Cite book| last = Phoenix| first = Helia| year = 2010| title = Lady Gaga: Just Dance—The Biography| publisher=[[Orion Publishing Group]]| isbn = 978-1-4091-1567-0}} * [http://bnreview.barnesandnoble.com/t5/Rock-Roll/Monster-Anthems/ba-p/5087 Monster Anthems] (2011) by [[Robert Christgau]] {{refend}} ==External links== {{Sister project links|wikt=no |commons=Lady Gaga |b=no |n=no |q=Lady Gaga |s=no |v=no |species=no| voy=no |d=Q19848}} * {{official website|www.ladygaga.com}} * {{IMDb name|3078932}} * {{Rotten Tomatoes person|lady_gaga}} * {{Dmoz|Arts/Music/Bands_and_Artists/L/Lady_Gaga/}} {{Lady Gaga}} {{Lady Gaga songs}} {{Navboxes | title = [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Awards for Lady Gaga]] | list = {{UK best-selling singles (by year)}} {{Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album}} {{Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance}} {{Grammy Award for Best Dance/Electronica Album}} {{Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording}} {{Grammy Award for Best Music Video}} {{MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year}} }} {{Authority control|LCCN=no/2008/179258|VIAF=220974042}} {{Good article}} {{Persondata |NAME = Germanotta, Stefani Joanne Angelina |ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Lady Gaga |SHORT DESCRIPTION = American pop singer |DATE OF BIRTH = March 28, 1986 |PLACE OF BIRTH = New York City, New York, U.S. }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lady Gaga}} [[Category:Lady Gaga]] [[Category:1986 births]] [[Category:21st-century American actresses]] [[Category:21st-century American businesspeople]] [[Category:21st-century American singers]] [[Category:Actresses from New York City]] [[Category:American Roman Catholics]] [[Category:American contraltos]] [[Category:American cosmetics businesspeople]] [[Category:American electronic musicians]] [[Category:American fashion businesspeople]] [[Category:American female dancers]] [[Category:American fashion designers]] [[Category:American female pop singer-songwriters]] [[Category:American multi-instrumentalists]] [[Category:American music industry executives]] [[Category:American music video directors]] [[Category:American people of French descent]] [[Category:American people of Italian descent]] [[Category:American performance artists]] [[Category:American philanthropists]] [[Category:American pianists]] [[Category:American record producers]] [[Category:American synthpop musicians]] [[Category:Anti-bullying activists]] [[Category:Bisexual actors]] [[Category:Bisexual feminists]] [[Category:Bisexual musicians]] [[Category:Bisexual women]] [[Category:Brit Award winners]] [[Category:Businesspeople from New York City]] [[Category:Echo winners]] [[Category:English-language singers]] [[Category:Female music video directors]] [[Category:Feminist musicians]] [[Category:Grammy Award-winning artists]] [[Category:HIV/AIDS activists]] [[Category:Interscope Records artists]] [[Category:Keytarists]] [[Category:LGBT businesspeople from the United States]] [[Category:LGBT dancers]] [[Category:LGBT directors]] [[Category:LGBT fashion designers]] [[Category:LGBT musicians from the United States]] [[Category:LGBT people from New York]] [[Category:LGBT rights activists from the United States]] [[Category:LGBT Roman Catholics]] [[Category:LGBT singers]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:NME Awards winners]] [[Category:People from Manhattan]] [[Category:People with lupus]] [[Category:Singers from New York City]] [[Category:Songwriters from New York]] [[Category:Sony/ATV Music Publishing artists]] [[Category:Tisch School of the Arts alumni]] [[Category:Webby Award winners]] {{Link FA|es}} {{Link FA|id}} {{Link GA|ar}} {{Link GA|ko}} {{Link GA|pt}} {{Link GA|tr}}'
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'{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2014}} {{pp-move-indef}} {{pp-semi-blp|small=yes}} {{Infobox person | name = Lady Gaga | image = Lady Gaga Roseland GUY edited.jpg | caption = Gaga performing at the [[Roseland Ballroom]] in April 2014 | birth_name = Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta | birth_date = {{birth date and age|mf=yes|1986|3|28}} | birth_place = [[New York City|New York]], [[New York]], U.S. | alma_mater = [[New York University]] (dropped out) | years_active = 2001–present | occupation = {{flat list| *Singer *songwriter *record producer *actress *philanthropist}} | net_worth = [[United States dollar|$]]110 million (2011 estimate)<ref>{{cite web|last=Killoran|first=Ellen|title=Lady Gaga: How Much is She Worth?|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/lady-gaga-how-much-she-worth-292937|publisher=[[International Business Times]]. IBT Media|accessdate=March 26, 2014|date=June 22, 2011}}</ref> | module = {{Infobox musical artist|embed=yes | background = solo_singer | instrument = {{flat list| *Vocals *piano *guitar }} | years_active = 2005–present | Genre = {{flat list| *[[Synthpop|Electropop]] *[[dance-pop]] }} | label = {{flat list| *[[Def Jam Recordings|Def Jam]] *[[Cherrytree Records|Cherrytree]] *[[KonLive Distribution|KonLive]] *Streamline *[[Interscope Records|Interscope]]}}<!--in chronological order: dropped from Def Jam, left Cherrytree, then KonLive; currently signed with Streamline/Interscope--> }} | website = {{URL|ladygaga.com}} }} '''Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|ɛ|f|ə|n|iː|_|dʒ|ɜr|m|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|t|ə}} {{Respell|STE|fə-nee}} {{Respell|jur-mə|not|ə}}; born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name '''Lady Gaga''', is an American singer. Born and raised in [[New York City]], she initially performed in theatre, appearing in high school plays and briefly studying at [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)|CAP21]] through [[New York University]]'s [[Tisch School of the Arts]] before dropping out to pursue a musical career. After leaving a short-lived [[Rock band|rock]] band, participating in the [[Lower East Side]]'s [[avant garde]] performance art circuit, and being quickly dropped from a contract with [[Def Jam Recordings]], she worked as a songwriter for [[Sony/ATV Music Publishing]]. There, singer [[Akon]] noticed her vocal abilities and helped her sign a joint deal with [[Interscope Records]] and his own [[KonLive Distribution]]. She rose to fame with her debut album ''[[The Fame]]'' (2008), a critical and commercial success which produced global chart-topping singles such as "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" and "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]"; a follow-up EP, ''[[The Fame Monster]]'' (2009), was met with similar reception and spawned the hits "[[Bad Romance]]", "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", and "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]". Her second full-length album ''[[Born This Way]]'' was released in 2011, topping the charts in more than 20 countries, including the United States, where it sold over one million copies in its first week. Her third album ''[[Artpop]]'', released in 2013, topped the U.S. charts and included the hit singles "[[Applause (Lady Gaga song)|Applause]]" and "[[Do What U Want]]", though critics noted its commercial underperformance compared to her previous efforts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/nickmessitte/2013/12/13/artpop-goes-the-weasel-3-glimpses-into-the-deflation-of-a-superstar/|title=Artpop Goes The Weasel: Three Glimpses Into The Deflation Of A Superstar|last=Messitte|first=Nick|date=December 13, 2013|work=[[Forbes]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/victoria-sadler/lady-gaga-what-next_b_4613024.html|title=What Next for Lady Gaga?|last=Sadler|first=Victoria|date=March 18, 2014|work=[[Huffington Post]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/11/rosen-on-gagas-weak-sales-and-weaker-album.html|title=Rosen on Lady Gaga’s Weak Sales (and Weaker Album)|last=Rosen|first=Jody|date=November 22, 2013|work={{noitalic|[[New York (magazine)|Vulture]]}}|publisher=New York Media LLC|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1717843/lady-gaga-artpop-flop/|title=Here’s Why You Shouldn’t Judge Lady Gaga On ARTPOP Sales Alone|last=Kaufman|first=Gil|date=November 20, 2013|work={{noitalic|[[MTV News}}]]|publisher=[[Viacom]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref> Gaga is noted for her flamboyant and diverse contributions to the music industry via her fashion, live performances, and music videos. With global album and single sales of 27 million and 125 million, respectively, as of June 2014, she is one of the [[List of best-selling music artists|best-selling musicians of all time]]. [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Awards]]. She regularly appears on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Artists of the Year lists and ''[[Forbes]]''' power and earnings rankings, and was named one of the world's most influential people by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' in 2010. Outside of her music, she is noted for her philanthropic endeavors and activism for [[LGBT rights]]. ==Life and career== ===1986–2004: Early life=== Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta was born in [[New York City]] to a Catholic family on March 28, 1986.<ref>{{cite journal|first=Nuzrat|last=Naoreen|url=http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20685759,00.html|title=Monitor: Court trips, birthdays, and more|journal=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=March 29, 2013|accessdate=May 24, 2013|issue=1252|page=30}}</ref> She is the elder daughter of internet entrepreneur Joseph Anthony "Joe" Germanotta, Jr. and Cynthia Louise "Cindy" Bissett (born c. 1955).<ref name="tvguide">{{cite web |url=http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/lady-gaga/bio/294098 |title=Lady GaGa: Biography |work=[[TV Guide]] |accessdate=July 28, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's Universe: Mom Cynthia Germanotta|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/pictures/lady-gagas-universe-20110524/mom-cynthia-germanotta-0501272|publisher=Jann Wenner|work=Rolling Stone|accessdate=March 25, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sify.com/movies/mom-accompanies-gaga-to-control-her-wild-ways-news-hollywood-leeokdibddf.html |title=Mom accompanies Gaga to control her wild ways |publisher=Sify.com |accessdate=October 20, 2011}}</ref> Gaga has Italian and French ancestry.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's Universe: Dad Joseph Germanotta|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/pictures/lady-gagas-universe-20110524/dad-joseph-germanotta-0872278|publisher=Jann Wenner|work=Rolling Stone|accessdate=March 25, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Pierce|first=Kathleen|title=Just call him pop culture's sleuth|url=http://www.boston.com/ae/celebrity/articles/2011/05/14/just_call_chris_child_pop_cultures_genealogy_sleuth/|accessdate=April 23, 2014|newspaper=The Boston Globe|date=May 14, 2011}}</ref> Her sister Natali (born c. 1992) is a fashion student.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's Little Sister, Natali Germanotta Tells All|url=http://www.teenvogue.com/style/2011/09/natali-germanotta#intro|work=Teen Vogue|accessdate=December 4, 2011|first=Amanda|last=FitzSimons}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/b171698_lady_gagas_sis_makes_cameo_in_telephone.html|title=Lady Gaga's Sis Makes Cameo in "Telephone" Video|publisher=uk.eonline.com, [[E! Online]]|accessdate=May 30, 2011}}</ref> Despite her affluent upbringing on Manhattan's [[Upper West Side]], Gaga says that her parents "both came from lower-class families, so we've worked for everything—my mother worked eight to eight out of the house, in telecommunications, and so did my father."<ref name="jmgaga">{{Cite book|last=Morgan|first=Johnny|title=Gaga|year=2010|publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]|isbn=1-4027-8059-1}}</ref><ref name="TimesOnlineDec09">{{cite news | first=Lynn | last=Barber | title=Shady lady: The truth about pop's Lady Gaga |work=The Sunday Times |location=London | url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article6940885.ece | authorlink=Lynn Barber | date=December 6, 2009 | accessdate=June 14, 2010 }}</ref> From age eleven she attended the [[Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York City)|Convent of the Sacred Heart]], a private all-girls Roman Catholic school on Manhattan's [[Upper East Side]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1641149/lady-gagas-alejandro-director-defends-videos-religious-symbolism.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga's 'Alejandro' Director Defends Video's Religious Symbolism |last=Montogomery |first=James |date=June 9, 2010 |accessdate=January 11, 2011 |publisher=MTV }}</ref><ref name="Times Online.co.uk">{{cite news | first=Collins |last=Hattie |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article5325327.ece |title=Lady GaGa: the future of pop? |date=December 14, 2008 |work=The Sunday Times |location=London |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110517105434/http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article5325327.ece |archivedate=May 17, 2011 |accessdate=December 6, 2009}}</ref><ref name="independent">{{cite news |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/lady-gaga-how-the-world-went-crazy-for-the-new-queen-of-pop-1684375.html |title=Lady Gaga: How the world went crazy for the new queen of pop |last=Sturges |first=Fiona |date=May 16, 2009 |work=The Independent |accessdate=May 26, 2009 }}</ref> She described her academic life in high school as "very dedicated, very studious, very disciplined" but also "a bit insecure": "I used to get made fun of for being either too provocative or too eccentric, so I started to tone it down. I didn't fit in, and I felt like a freak."<ref>{{cite news | first=Jon | last=Bream |title=Don't Gag on Gaga | date=March 21, 2009 | url =http://www.startribune.com/entertainment/music/41533957.html | work=[[Star Tribune]] | accessdate = January 23, 2010 }}</ref> Gaga began playing the piano at the age of four, wrote her first piano ballad at thirteen, and started to perform at [[open mic]] nights by the age of fourteen.<ref name="Bio2">{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNa_-1d_0tA | title=Musicians @ google interview |publisher=YouTube | accessdate=March 22, 2011}}</ref> She performed lead roles in high school productions, including Adelaide in ''[[Guys and Dolls]]'' and Philia in ''[[A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum]]''.<ref name="growingupgaga">{{cite news | first= Vanessa | last=Grigoriadis |authorlink= Vanessa Grigoriadis | title=Growing Up Gaga| date=March 28, 2010 |url=http://nymag.com/arts/popmusic/features/65127 | work=[[New York (magazine)|New York]] |accessdate=March 29, 2010 }}</ref> She also appeared in a very small role as a mischievous classmate in the television drama series ''[[The Sopranos]]'' in a 2001 episode titled "[[The Telltale Moozadell]]" and auditioned for New York shows without success.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's 'Sopranos' Cameo Surfaces|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1649702/lady-gagas-sopranos-cameo-surfaces.jhtml |date=October 11, 2010|accessdate=July 2, 2011|first=Eric|last=Ditzian|publisher=MTV}}</ref> After high school, her mother encouraged her to apply for the [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)]], a musical theater training [[Music school|conservatory]] at [[New York University]]'s [[Tisch School of the Arts]].<ref name="jmgaga"/> By age seventeen, after becoming one of twenty students to gain early admission, she lived in an [[New York University residence halls|NYU dorm]] on 11th Street.<ref name="growingupgaga"/> In addition to sharpening her songwriting skills, she composed essays and analytical papers on art, religion, social issues, and politics, including a [[thesis]] on pop artists [[Spencer Tunick]] and [[Damien Hirst]].<ref name='always-famous'>{{cite news | title = Lady Gaga: 'I've always been famous, you just didn't know it' | date = February 16, 2010 | url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/7221051/Lady-Gaga-Ive-always-been-famous-you-just-didnt-know-it.html | work=The Telegraph | last= Carlton |first=Andrew |accessdate = February 9, 2011}}</ref><ref name=ARTISTdirect>{{cite web |url=http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/news/article/0,,4931544,00.html |title= Interview: Lady GaGa |accessdate=February 18, 2009 |last=Florino |first= Rick |date=January 30, 2009 |publisher=[[Artistdirect]]. Artistdirect, Inc.}}</ref> She also auditioned for various roles and won the part of an unsuspecting diner customer for MTV's ''[[Boiling Points]]'', a prank reality television show.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Vintage Lady Gaga! Watch Gaga On MTV's 'Boiling Points' In 2005|url=http://buzzworthy.mtv.com/2009/10/05/vintage-lady-gaga-watch-gaga-on-mtvs-boiling-points-in-2005/|publisher=MTV|date=October 5, 2009|accessdate=July 2, 2011|first=Tamar|last=Anitai}}</ref> {{clear}} ===2005–07: Career beginnings=== [[File:Lady Gaga at Lollapalooza 2007.jpg|thumb|Gaga (right) performing with [[Lady Starlight]] (left) at [[Lollapalooza]] 2007]] Gaga withdrew from CAP21 at 19, in the second semester of her sophomore year, deciding to focus on her musical career.<ref name="mtv 55">{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1589013/20080609/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady GaGa Brings Her Artistic Vision Of Pop Music To New Album |last=Harris |first=Chris |date=June 9, 2008 |accessdate=May 7, 2009 |publisher=MTV }}</ref> Her father agreed to pay her rent for a year, on the condition that she re-enroll at Tisch if unsuccessful. "I left my entire family, got the cheapest apartment I could find, and ate shit until somebody would listen," she remembers.<ref name="growingupgaga"/> Settled in a small apartment on [[Rivington Street (Manhattan)|Rivington Street]] towards the summer of 2005, Gaga recorded a couple of songs with hip-hop singer [[Melle Mel|Grandmaster Melle Mel]], for an audio book accompanying the children's book ''The Portal in the Park'', by Cricket Casey.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref>{{cite news | url=http://blogs.villagevoice.com/dailymusto/2010/01/lady_gaga_did_a.php | title=Lady Gaga Did a Children's Book In 2007! | date=January 19, 2010 |work=[[The Village Voice]] |last=Musto |first=Michael |accessdate=January 19, 2010}}</ref> She also began a band called the Stefani Germanotta Band (SGBand) with some friends from NYU&nbsp;– guitarist Calvin Pia, bassist Eli Silverman, drummer Alex Beckham and booking manager [[Frank Fredericks (musician)|Frank Fredericks]]&nbsp;– in September of that year.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="growingupgaga"/> The band played a mixture of songs: some self-penned alongside classic rock numbers like [[Led Zeppelin]]'s "[[D'yer Mak'er]]". Playing in bars like the [[Greenwich Village]]'s [[The Bitter End]] and the Lower East Side's the [[Mercury Lounge]], the band developed a small fan base and caught the eye of music producer Joe Vulpis.<ref name="jmgaga"/> Soon after arranging time in Vulpis' studio in the months that followed, SGBand were selling their extended plays ''Words'' and ''Red and Blue'' (both 2005) at gigs around New York while becoming a local fixture of the downtown Lower East Side club scene.<ref name="growingupgaga"/> In March 2006, Gaga met music producer [[Rob Fusari]]. The two began dating in May.<ref name=Fusari1>{{cite news|last=Kaufman |first=Gil |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1634292/lady-gaga-rob-fusari-lawsuit-closer-look.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga/ Rob Fusari Lawsuit: A Closer Look&nbsp;– Music, Celebrity, Artist News |publisher=MTV News. Viacom |date=March 19, 2010 |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> SGBand reached their career peak at the 2006 [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] New Songwriters Showcase at [[The Cutting Room]] in June where [[Wendy Starland]], a musician, appeared as a talent scout for Fusari. Starland informed Fusari&nbsp;– who was searching for a female singer to front a new band&nbsp;– of Gaga's ability and contacted her. With SGBand disbanded, Gaga traveled daily to New Jersey to work on songs she had written and compose new material with the music producer.<ref name="jmgaga"/> While in collaboration, Fusari compared some of her vocal harmonies to those of [[Freddie Mercury]], lead singer of [[Queen (band)|Queen]].<ref name="mirrorstone">{{cite news |url=http://www.mirror.co.uk/celebs/news/2009/05/28/lady-gaga-gets-naked-for-rolling-stone-cover-shoot-see-her-sexy-pictures-here-115875-21396568/ |title=Lady GaGa gets naked for Rolling Stone cover shoot |last=Gregory |first=Jason |date=May 28, 2009 |work=Daily Mirror |publisher=Trinity Mirror |accessdate=May 28, 2009}}</ref> Fusari claims to have created the "Lady Gaga" moniker after the Queen song "[[Radio Ga Ga]]". Gaga was in the process of trying to come up with a stage name when she received a text message from Fusari that read "Lady Gaga." He explained, "Every day, when Stef came to the studio, instead of saying hello, I would start singing 'Radio Ga Ga'. That was her entrance song" and that the text message was the result of a [[T9 (predictive text)|predictive text]] glitch that changed "radio" to "lady". She texted back, "That's it," and declared, "Don't ever call me Stefani again."<ref name="Nj.com">{{cite news | first=Lisa | last=Rose |title=Lady Gaga's outrageous persona born in Parsippany, New Jersey | date=January 21, 2010 | url =http://www.nj.com/entertainment/music/index.ssf/2010/01/lady_gaga_her_outrageous_perso.html | work=[[The Star-Ledger]] |accessdate = January 23, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Contactmusic.com"/> Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced [[Synthpop|electropop]] tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/lady-gaga-new-ep |title=Lady Gaga unleashes an electro-pop 'Monster' |last=Resende|first=Sasha|date=December 9, 2009|accessdate=June 27, 2014|work=The Michigan Daily|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> Joshua Sarubin, the head of [[Artists and repertoire|A&R]] at [[Def Jam Recordings]], responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her "unusual and provocative" performance. After having his boss [[L.A. Reid|Antonio "L.A." Reid]] in agreement, Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.<ref name="jmgaga"/> However, she was dropped by the label after only three months&nbsp;– a period of her life that would later inspire her [[Film treatment|treatment]] for the music video for her 2011 single "Marry the Night".<ref name="Allmusic bio">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic |class=artist |id=lady-gaga-p1055684 |pure_url=yes}} |title=Lady Gaga |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=[[Allmusic]]. [[Rovi Corporation]] |accessdate=January 3, 2010}}</ref> Devastated, Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side. She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging [[neo-burlesque]] shows, [[go-go dancing]] at bars dressed in little more than a bikini in addition to experimenting with drugs.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/> Her relationship with Fusari also ended in January 2007.<ref name=Fusari2>{{cite journal|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/958922/lady-gaga-sued-by-producer-rob-fusari |title=Lady Gaga Sued By Producer Rob Fusari |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]] |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> She became a go-go dancer at St. Jerome's, a Rivington Street [[Dive bar|dive]] in New York's lower East Side.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga's early days: "The sexual energy was palpable. You could smell it"|url=http://www.salon.com/2013/08/27/lady_gagas_early_days_the_sexual_energy_was_palpable_you_could_smell_it/singleton/|accessdate=September 2, 2013|newspaper=[[Salon (website)|Salon]]|date=August 27, 2013}}</ref> Her father Joe, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="Contactmusic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/info/lady_gaga |title=Lady GaGa Profile |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |publisher=[[Contactmusic.com]] }}</ref> "I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to [[Black Sabbath]] and singing songs about [[oral sex]]. The kids would scream and cheer and then we'd all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself."<ref name="always-famous"/> It was then when she became romantically involved with a [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film ''[[Grease (film)|Grease]]'': "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.<ref name="rsannual">{{cite journal |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=May 30, 2009 |title=The Rise of Lady Gaga |journal=Rolling Stone |location=New York |volume=1080 |issue=43 |issn=0035-791X}}</ref> [[File:Gaga at bazaar.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Gaga performing in a bar, sporting one of her earlier looks, October 2008|alt=Full right profile of a young blond woman, surrounded by sitting spectators in a pub. She wears a black leotard and her long hair falls around her side. With her right hand she holds a pair of video sunglasses to her eyes.]] During this time, she met performance artist [[Lady Starlight]], who helped mold her on-stage persona.<ref name="Blast">{{cite news |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/entertainment/meet-the-woman-who-inspired-lady-gaga_100324226.html |title=Meet the woman who inspired Lady Gaga |last=Cassis |first=Christine |date=February 22, 2010 |publisher=Thaindian News |accessdate=February 3, 2010}}</ref> Starlight explained that, upon their first meeting, Gaga wanted to perform with her to songs she had recorded with Fusari. Like SGBand, the pair soon began performing at many of the downtown club venues like the [[Mercury Lounge]], The Bitter End, and the Rockwood Music Hall. Their live performance art piece was known as "Lady Gaga and the Starlight Revue" and, billed as "The Ultimate Pop Burlesque Rockshow", was a low-fi tribute to 1970s variety acts.<ref name="seattleweekly">{{cite news |url=http://www.seattleweekly.com/2008-11-19/music/lady-gaga-some-like-it-pop/ |title=Lady GaGa: Some Like it Pop |last=Hobart |first=Erika |date=November 18, 2008 |work=[[Seattle Weekly]] |accessdate=January 10, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/535267 |title=Lady Gaga |date= July 9, 2007 |publisher=[[Broadcast Music Incorporated]] |accessdate=February 26, 2009}}</ref> Soon after, the two were invited to play at the 2007 [[Lollapalooza]] music festival in August that year.<ref name="WMagazine">{{cite news |url=http://www.wmagazine.com/celebrities/2007/10/lady_gaga |title=Going Ga-Ga for Lady Gaga |last=D'Souza |first=Nandini |date=October 18, 2007 |work=[[W (magazine)|W Magazine]] |accessdate=January 3, 2009 }}</ref> The show was critically acclaimed, and their performance received positive reviews.<ref name="seattleweekly"/> Having initially focused on [[avant-garde]] [[electronic dance music]], Gaga had found her musical [[niche market|niche]] when she began to incorporate pop melodies and the [[glam rock]] of [[David Bowie]] and Queen into her music. While Gaga and Starlight were busy performing, producer Rob Fusari continued to work on the songs he had created with Gaga. Fusari sent these songs to his friend, producer and [[Music executive|record executive]] [[Vincent Herbert]].<ref name="trans26">{{cite video |title=Transmission Gaga-vision: Episode 26 |date=December 16, 2008 |publisher=Lady Gaga Official website |people=Haus of GaGa }}</ref> Herbert was quick to sign her to his label Streamline Records, an [[Trade name|imprint]] of [[Interscope Records]], upon its establishment in 2007.<ref name="newimprent">{{cite journal |last=Mitchell |first=Gail |date=November 10, 2007 |title=Interscope's New Imprint |journal=Billboard |volume=119 |issue=45 |page=14 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=xw4EAAAAMBAJ&lpg=PA14&dq=%22vincent%20herbert%20launches%20streamline%22&pg=PA14#v=onepage&q= |accessdate=May 6, 2010 |issn=0006-2510}}</ref> Gaga later credited Herbert as the man who discovered her, adding "I really feel like we made pop history, and we're gonna keep going."<ref name="trans26" /> Having served as an apprentice songwriter under an internship at [[Famous Music|Famous Music Publishing]], which was later acquired by [[Sony/ATV Music Publishing]], Gaga subsequently struck a [[music publisher (popular music)|music publishing]] deal with Sony/ATV. As a result, she was hired to write songs for [[Britney Spears]] and labelmates [[New Kids on the Block]], [[Fergie (singer)|Fergie]], and [[The Pussycat Dolls]].<ref name="bbcover">{{cite news |last=Harding |first=Cortney |date=August 15, 2009 |title=Lady Gaga: The Billboard Cover Story |work=Billboard|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/267810/lady-gaga-the-billboard-cover-story |accessdate=May 6, 2010}}</ref> At Interscope, singer-songwriter [[Akon]] recognized her vocal abilities when she sang a reference vocal for one of his tracks in studio.<ref name="totallygaga">{{cite news |url=http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/features/Lady-GaGa-Totally-GaGa.4891798.jp |title=Lady GaGa: Totally Ga-Ga |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Cowing |first= Emma |date=January 20, 2009 |work=The Scotsman }}</ref> Akon then convinced [[Interscope-Geffen-A&M]] Chairman and CEO [[Jimmy Iovine]] to form a joint deal by having her also sign with his own label [[Kon Live Distribution|Kon Live]], making her his "franchise player."<ref name="Allmusic bio" /><ref name="franchise">{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1613350/20090605/akon.jhtml |title=Akon Calls Lady Gaga His 'Franchise Player' |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |date=June 5, 2009 |publisher=MTV |accessdate=June 20, 2009}}</ref> Towards the end of 2007, her former management company introduced her to songwriter and producer [[RedOne]], whom they also managed.<ref name="hitquarters.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.hitquarters.com/index.php3?page=intrview/opar/intrview_RedOne_Interview.html |title=Interview With RedOne |date=March 23, 2009 |publisher=[[HitQuarters]] |accessdate=December 19, 2009}}</ref> The first song she produced with RedOne was "Boys Boys Boys", a [[mashup (music)|mash-up]] inspired by [[Mötley Crüe]]'s "[[Girls, Girls, Girls (Mötley Crüe song)|Girls, Girls, Girls]]" and [[AC/DC]]'s "[[T.N.T. (song)|T.N.T.]]".<ref name="Contactmusic.com" /> Gaga continued her collaboration with RedOne in the recording studio for a week on her debut album and also joined the roster of [[Cherrytree Records]], an Interscope imprint established by producer and songwriter [[Martin Kierszenbaum]], after co-writing four songs with Kierszenbaum including the singles "[[Christmas Tree (Lady Gaga song)|Christmas Tree]]" and "[[Eh, Eh (Nothing Else I Can Say)]]".<ref name="bbcover" /> Despite her secure record deal, she admitted that there was fear about her being too "racy", "dance-orientated" and "underground" for the mainstream market. Her response: "My name is Lady Gaga, I've been on the music scene for years, and I'm telling you, this is what's next."<ref name="independent"/> {{clear}} ===2008–10: ''The Fame'' and ''The Fame Monster''=== By 2008, Gaga relocated to Los Angeles in order to work extensively with her record label to complete her debut album and set up her own creative team called the [[Haus of Gaga]], modeled on [[Andy Warhol]]'s [[The Factory|Factory]].<ref name="Contactmusic.com" /><ref name="ehqueenofpop">{{cite book|last=Herbert|first=Emily|year=2010|title=[[Lady Gaga: Queen of Pop]]|publisher=[[John Blake Publishing]]|isbn=978-1-84454-963-4 }}</ref> ''[[The Fame]]'' was first released on August 19, 2008 to slow radio play. Gaga supported it by performing around Europe and in small gay clubs around the US in addition to being billed as a supporting artist on the North American leg of New Kids on the Block's [[New Kids on the Block: Live|reunion concert tour]].<ref name="smashhits">{{cite journal|last1=Paramor|first1=Jordan|year=2010|title=Smash Hits Special: Lady Gaga|journal=Smash Hits}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=International Pop Star Lady Gaga Set to Tour With New Kids on the Block |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]] |date=January 8, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/10/04/idUS16002+04-Oct-2008+PRN20081004 |accessdate=January 8, 2009}}</ref> A [[sleeper hit]], lead single "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]", had preceded the album's release by four months but only hit the summit of the international charts in January 2009, provoking the instant success of the album, earning her first [[Grammy Award]] nomination (for [[Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording|Best Dance Recording]]) and becoming one of the [[List of best-selling singles worldwide|best-selling singles worldwide]].<ref name="smashhits"/><ref name="Grammy">{{cite web |url=http://www2.grammy.com/grammy_awards/51st_show/list.aspx |title=The 51st Annual Grammy Awards Nominations List |publisher=[[National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences]] |accessdate=January 2, 2009}}</ref> Gaga achieved a greater unexpected success when "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]", another sleeper hit, reached number one in most major music markets worldwide in early 2009, selling 9.8 million singles worldwide.<ref name="Poker Face on acharts">{{cite web |url=http://acharts.us/song/37371 |title=Lady Gaga&nbsp;– Poker Face&nbsp;– World Charts |publisher=aCharts.us |accessdate=January 3, 2009}}</ref><ref name="Lady Gaga World Tour">{{cite web |url=http://www.viagogo.co.uk/News/Lady-Gaga-Tour-Outfits |title=Lady Gaga World Tour |publisher=Press Association |accessdate=March 19, 2012}}</ref> It won the award for Best Dance Recording at the [[52nd Annual Grammy Awards]], with nominations for [[Grammy Award for Song of the Year|Song of the Year]] and [[Grammy Award for Record of the Year|Record of the Year]]. [[File:Lady Gaga @ Montreal concert.jpg|thumb|upright|Gaga performing at [[The Fame Ball Tour]] in 2009]] ''The Fame'' itself was nominated for [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]] while winning [[Grammy Award for Best Dance/Electronica Album|Best Dance/Electronica Album]] at the same ceremony.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/2010/SHOWBIZ/Music/01/31/grammys.winner.list/index.html |title=List of Grammy winners |publisher=CNN. [[Turner Broadcasting System]] |date=February 1, 2010 |accessdate=April 25, 2010}}</ref> Contemporary critics lauded the album, describing it as an exploration of her obsession with [[celebrity|fame]] and the intricacies of a rich and famous lifestyle, noting its combination of genres "from [[Def Leppard]] drums and hand claps to metal drums on [[urban music|urban tracks]]", the inspiration drawn from 1980s synthpop and incorporation of dance music with clear [[Hook (music)|hooks]].<ref name="Allmusic bio" /> ''The Fame'' went to number one in Austria, Canada, Germany, Ireland, Switzerland and the UK and appeared in the top five in Australia, the US and 15 other countries.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://jam.canoe.ca/Music/Artists/L/Lady_GaGa/2009/01/14/8022056-jam.html | title=Lady GaGa's 'Fame' rises to No. 1 | work=[[Jam!]] | first=John |last=Williams | accessdate=January 14, 2009 |date=January 14, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://acharts.us/album/37558 |title=Lady Gaga&nbsp;– The Fame&nbsp;– World Charts |publisher=aCharts.us |accessdate=January 8, 2009}}</ref> It also stayed atop the [[Dance/Electronic Albums]] chart for 106 non-consecutive weeks and, since its release, has sold over 12 million copies worldwide.<ref name="wwsales">{{cite web|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/08/03/earlyshow/leisure/celebspot/main6739115.shtml|title=Lady Gaga Opens Up|date=August 3, 2010|work=[[CBS News]]|publisher=CBS Interactive Inc|accessdate=August 3, 2010}}</ref> The album's success spawned many 2009 honors including ''Billboard'' magazine's Rising Star award and the accumulation of 3 of 9 [[MTV Video Music Awards]] nominations, winning [[MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist|Best New Artist]] with the video for her single "[[Paparazzi (Lady Gaga song)|Paparazzi]]" gaining [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Art Direction|Best Art Direction]] and [[MTV Video Music Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/267205/beyonce-accepts-billboards-woman-of-the-year-award-lady-gaga-is-rising-star |title=Beyonce Accepts Billboard's Woman Of the Year Award, Lady Gaga Is Rising Star |last=Caulfield |first=Keith |date=October 3, 2009 |work=Billboard|accessdate=October 6, 2009}}</ref><ref name="MTV VMA award winners">{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2009/winners.jhtml |title=2009 MTV Video Music Awards Winners |publisher=MTV |accessdate=September 14, 2009}}</ref> In addition to being an opening act on the [[The Pussycat Dolls|Pussycat Dolls]]' [[Doll Domination Tour]] during the first half of 2009 in Europe and Oceania, she also embarked on her own six-month critically appreciated worldwide concert tour [[The Fame Ball Tour]] which ran from March to September 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.interscope.com/artist/news/default.aspx?nid=19994&aid=599|title=Lady Gaga : News : Lady Gaga Doll Domination Tour Details with PCD|accessdate=June 17, 2010|work=[[Interscope Records]]|publisher=[[Universal Music Group]]}}</ref><ref name="billboardreview">{{cite news |url=http://login.vnuemedia.com/bbbiz/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1003969033 |title=Lady Gaga / May 2, 2009 / New York (Terminal 5) |last=Menze |first=Jill |date=May 29, 2009 |work=Billboard|accessdate=May 5, 2009}}</ref> While she traveled the globe, she wrote ''[[The Fame Monster]]'', an EP of eight songs released in November 2009. Each song, dealing with the darker side of fame from personal experience, is expressed through a [[Paranoia|monster]] metaphor. Making Gaga the first artist in digital history to have three singles (alongside "Just Dance" and "Poker Face") to pass the four million mark in digital sales, its lead single "[[Bad Romance]]" topped the charts in eighteen countries and reached the top two in the US, Australia and New Zealand while accruing the Grammy Awards for [[Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance|Best Female Pop Vocal Performance]] and [[Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video|Best Short Form Music Video]].<ref name="ussaleofthefame">{{cite news |url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/55472/week-ending-june-20-2010-lets-thank-him-now/ |title=Week Ending June 20, 2010: Let's Thank Him Now |last=Grein |first=Paul |date=June 23, 2010 |publisher=Yahoo! |accessdate=December 31, 2009}} * {{cite news |url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/59466/chart-watch-extra-gagas-nice-round-number/ |page=2 |title=Chart Watch Extra: Gaga's Nice Round Number |last=Grein |first=Paul |date=July 23, 2010 |publisher=Yahoo! |accessdate=July 24, 2009}} * {{cite press release |url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lady-gaga-returns-with-8-new-songs-on-the-fame-monster-63780227.html |title=Lady Gaga Returns With 8 New Songs on 'The Fame Monster' |date=October 8, 2009 |publisher=Interscope Records |accessdate=October 9, 2009}} * {{cite web |url=http://acharts.us/song/51422 |title=Lady Gaga&nbsp;– Bad Romance&nbsp;– World Charts |publisher=acharts.us |accessdate=April 17, 2010}} * {{cite news |url=http://marquee.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/13/53rd-annual-grammy-awards-the-winners-list/ |title=53rd annual Grammy awards: The winners list |publisher=CNN |accessdate=February 21, 2011}}</ref> The second single "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", which features [[Beyoncé]], was nominated for the [[Grammy Award for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals]] and became Gaga's fourth UK number one single; its accompanying music video, although controversial, received positive reception from contemporary critics who praised her for "the musicality and showmanship of Michael Jackson and the powerful sexuality and provocative instincts of Madonna."<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga tops UK album and single charts |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8579244.stm |publisher=BBC News |date=March 22, 2010 |accessdate=December 13, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lady GaGa's Telephone video |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/7466152/Lady-GaGas-Telephone-video.html |publisher=The Daily Telegraph (London) |author=McCormick, Neil |date=March 17, 2010 |accessdate=December 13, 2010}}</ref> Her following single "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]" paired Gaga with fashion photographer [[Steven Klein (photographer)|Steven Klein]] for a music video similarly as controversial&nbsp;– critics complimented its ideas and dark nature but the [[Catholic League (U.S.)|Catholic League]] attacked Gaga for her alleged use of [[blasphemy]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1641026/20100608/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga's 'Alejandro' Video: German Expressionism With A Beat! |date=June 8, 2010 |accessdate=December 13, 2010 |last=Montgomery |first=James |publisher=MTV }}</ref> Despite the controversy surrounding her music videos, they made Gaga the first artist to gain over one billion [[Viral video|viral views]] on video-sharing website [[YouTube]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/11626592 |title=Lady Gaga beats Justin Bieber to YouTube record |last=Whitworth |first=Dan |date=October 26, 2010 |work=BBC |publisher=[[Newsbeat|BBC Newsbeat]] |accessdate=December 28, 2010}}</ref> At the [[2010 MTV Video Music Awards]], Gaga won 8 of her 13 nominations, including [[MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year|Video of the Year]] for "Bad Romance" (with "Telephone" also nominated), which made her the first female artist to be nominated twice for the award.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2010/ |title=MTV Video Music Awards 2010 |publisher=MTV |date=September 12, 2010 |accessdate=January 30, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1644956/lady-gaga-eminem-top-vma-nominations.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga, Eminem Top VMA Nominations|publisher=MTV |date=August 10, 2010 |accessdate=January 30, 2012}}</ref> In addition, ''The Fame Monster'' garnered a total of six nominations at the [[53rd Annual Grammy Awards]]&nbsp;– equating to the amount of Grammy nominations her debut received&nbsp;– winning [[Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album|Best Pop Vocal Album]] and earning her a second-consecutive nomination for Album of the Year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://marquee.blogs.cnn.com/2011/02/13/53rd-annual-grammy-awards-the-winners-list/ |title=53rd annual Grammy awards: The winners list&nbsp;– The Marquee Blog&nbsp;– CNN.com Blogs |publisher=Marquee.blogs.cnn.com |accessdate=July 17, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Nominations list for the 53rd annual Grammy awards |url=http://www.usatoday.com/life/music/awards/grammys/2010-12-01-grammy-nominations-list_N.htm?loc=interstitialskip |date=December 1, 2010 |work=USA Today}}</ref> ''The Fame Monster'' and the 2010 compilation ''[[The Remix]]'' were Gaga's final releases under Cherrytree Records. While her reasons for departing the label are unknown, her manager Troy Carter stated in 2011 that they still collaborate with label head Martin Kierszenbaum on strategies for marketing Gaga overseas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jun/29/entertainment/la-et-martin-kierszenbaum-20110629|title=Martin Kierszenbaum has a knack for finding the next big thing|last=Newman|first=Melinda|date=June 29, 2011|work=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=February 13, 2013}}</ref> [[File:Lady Gaga Glitter and Grease2.jpg|thumb|left|170px|upright|Gaga performing at [[The Monster Ball Tour]] in 2010|alt= Profile of a young blond woman. Her hair falls in waves up to her shoulders. She wears a hairy dress with a shiny cloth wrapped around her.]] The success of ''The Fame Monster'' allowed Gaga to start her second worldwide concert tour, [[The Monster Ball Tour]], just weeks after the release of the album and months after having finished The Fame Ball Tour.<ref name="bbannounceball">{{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/267048/lady-gaga-unveils-monster-ball-tour-dates-the-fame-monster-tracklist |title=Lady Gaga Unveils 'The Monster Ball' |accessdate=October 15, 2009 |date=October 15, 2009 |last=Herrera |first=Monica |work=Billboard}}</ref> Upon finishing in May 2011, the critically acclaimed and commercially accomplished tour ran for over one and a half years and grossed $227.4 million, making it the highest-grossing for a debut headlining artist.<ref name="guardian">{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/musicblog/2009/nov/30/lady-gaga-monster-ball |title=Lady Gaga's Monster Ball, reviewed by a theatre critic |last=Nestruck |first=Kelly |date=November 30, 2009 |work=The Guardian |accessdate=December 1, 2009}} * {{cite journal |url= |title=Live Review: Lady Gaga Brings Her Pop Theatricality to Boston in First U.S. "Monster Ball" Show |last=Adams |first=Jeremy |date=December 2, 2009 |work=Rolling Stone |issn=0035-791X}} * {{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949535/top-25-tours-of-2010 |title=Top 25 Tours 2010 |date=December 13, 2010 |accessdate=December 14, 2010 |work=Billboard}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/photos/live/471708/lady-gagas-monster-ball-tour-breaks-record-for-debut-headlining-artist|title=Lady Gaga's Monster Ball Tour Breaks Record for Debut Headlining Artist|date=May 5, 2011|first=Ray|last=Waddell|work=Billboard|publisher=billboard.com, Prometheus Global Media|accessdate=June 2, 2011}}</ref> Concerts performed at [[Madison Square Garden]] in New York City were filmed for a [[HBO]] television special titled ''[[Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden]]''. The special accrued one of its five [[Emmy Award]] nominations and has since been released on DVD and Blu-ray.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emmys.com/shows/lady-gaga-presents-monster-ball-tour-madison-square-garden|title=Lady GaGa Presents The Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden|publisher=[[Emmy Award]]s. [[Academy of Television Arts & Sciences]]|accessdate=August 25, 2011}}</ref> Gaga also performed songs from the album at international events such as the 2009 [[Royal Variety Performance]] where she sang "[[Speechless (Lady Gaga song)|Speechless]]", a [[Power ballads|power ballad]], in the presence of Queen [[Elizabeth II]]; the 52nd Grammy Awards where her opening performance consisted of the song "Poker Face" and a piano duet of "Speechless" in a medley of "[[Your Song]]" with [[Elton John]]; and the [[2010 BRIT Awards]] where a performance of an acoustic rendition of "Telephone" followed by "[[Dance in the Dark]]" dedicated to the late fashion designer and close friend, [[Alexander McQueen]], supplemented her hat-trick win at the awards ceremony.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga wins Brit Awards triple |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8517579.stm |publisher=BBC News |date=February 16, 2010 |accessdate=December 28, 2010}}</ref> Other performances might have included her participation in [[Michael Jackson]]'s [[This Is It (concerts)|This Is It]] concert series at London's [[The O2 Arena (London)|O2 Arena]]. "I was actually asked to open for Michael on his tour," she stated. "We were going to open for him at the O2 and we were working on making it happen. I believe there was some talk about us, lots of the openers, doing duets with Michael on stage."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/viral-videos/957954/lady-gaga-talks-michael-jackson-lupus-diagnosis-with-larry-king|title=Lady Gaga Talks Michael Jackson, Lupus Diagnosis with Larry King|date=June 1, 2010|accessdate=May 30, 2011|first=Monica|last=Herrera|location=New York}}</ref> In 2009, she collaborated with consumer electronic company [[Monster Cable Products]] to create a pair of in-ear jewel-encrusted headphones titled Heartbeats. "They are designed to be the first ever fashion accessories that double as the absolute best sonically sounding headphones in the world," she commented.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Storms IFA With New Headphones|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/171537/lady_gaga_storms_ifa_with_new_headphones.html|first=Martyn|last=Williams|date=September 7, 2009|accessdate=January 27, 2012|work=PC World}}</ref> Gaga also partnered with [[Polaroid Corporation|Polaroid]] in January 2010 as their Creative Director.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga to become Polaroid's creative director|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/jan/08/lady-gaga-polaroid-creative-director|work=The Guardian |first=Rosie|last=Swash|date=January 8, 2010|accessdate=January 27, 2012}}</ref> Excited about "blending the iconic history of Polaroid and instant film with the digital era," Gaga unveiled the first trio of new products called Grey Label: a pair of picture-taking sunglasses, a paperback-sized mobile printing unit and an updated version of the traditional [[Instant camera|Polaroid camera]] at the 2011 [[Consumer Electronics Show]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Polaroid & Lady Gaga Launch New Line at CES [PICS]|url=http://mashable.com/2011/01/06/polaroid-lady-gaga-launch-new-line-at-ces/|date=January 6, 2011|work=Mashable|first=Jolie|last=O'Dell}}</ref> But her collaboration with past producer and ex-boyfriend Rob Fusari led to her production team, Mermaid Music LLC, being sued in March 2010 when he claimed that he was entitled to a 20% share of the company's earnings. Gaga's lawyer, Charles Ortner, described the agreement with Fusari as "unlawful" and declined to comment, but five months later, the [[New York Supreme Court]] dismissed both the lawsuit and a countersuit by Gaga.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopmusic/7486678/Lady-Gaga-bites-back-at-music-producer.html |title=Lady Gaga bites back at music producer |work=The Daily Telegraph |accessdate=March 20, 2010 |last=Reporter |first=Staff | date=March 20, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/09/10/us-ladygaga-idUSTRE6895NZ20100910 |title=Lady Gaga and jilted producer drop legal dispute |date=September 10, 2010 |publisher=[[Thomson Reuters]] |accessdate=September 11, 2010}}</ref> In addition to such strife, Gaga was tested borderline positive for [[Systemic lupus erythematosus|lupus]], but claimed not to be affected by the symptoms. The revelations caused considerable dismay among fans, leading to Gaga addressing the matter in an interview with [[Larry King]], saying she hopes to avoid symptoms by maintaining a healthy lifestyle.<ref name="comeparty">{{cite news |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article7129672.ece |title=Come party with Lady Gaga |date=May 23, 2010 |accessdate=May 24, 2010 |last=Moran |first=Caitlin |work=The Times |authorlink=Caitlin Moran}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2010/06/02/2916101.htm?section=entertainment |title=Gaga was to open Jackson's This Is It tour |last=Temple |first=Sarah |date=June 2, 2010 |accessdate=June 2, 2010 |publisher=ABC News}}</ref> {{clear}} ===2011–12: ''Born This Way''=== [[File:Lady Gaga in Rome.jpg|thumb|upright|Gaga at [[EuroPride]] in [[Rome]], 2011, where she gave a speech.]] Gaga released her second studio album, ''[[Born This Way]]'', on May 23, 2011. Described as a marriage of electronic music with metal, rock 'n' roll, pop and anthemic style melodies with sledge-hammering dance beats and referred to as an album "about what keeps us up at night and what makes us afraid," Gaga characterized it as "something so much deeper than a wig or lipstick or a fucking meat dress" and, upon hearing it, Akon remarked that she is taking music to the "next level."<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga Says Born This Way Will Be 'Greatest Album Of This Decade' |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1653141/20101129/lady_gaga.jhtml |date=November 9, 2010 |last=Dinh |first=James |publisher=MTV |accessdate=November 30, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga's Born This Way Will 'Grab All The Monsters,' Akon Says |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1652537/20101117/akon.jhtml |publisher=MTV |date=November 18, 2010 |accessdate=December 2, 2010 |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn}}</ref> Upon release, the album received generally positive reviews from music critics, who praised its range of different styles and her vocals.<ref>{{cite web|first=Adam|last=Markovitz|url=http://music-mix.ew.com/2011/05/24/lady-gaga-born-this-way-album-review/|title=Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way'|work=Entertainment Weekly|date=May 25, 2011|accessdate=October 29, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/review/lady-gaga-born-this-way/2508 |title=Lady Gaga: Born This Way &#124; Music Review |publisher=[[Slant Magazine]] |date=May 21, 2011|last=Cinquemani|first=Sal |accessdate=October 29, 2011}}</ref> ''Born This Way'' sold 1.108 million copies in its first week in the US, debuted atop the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]], and topped the charts in more than 20 other countries.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1664888/lady-gaga-billboard.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga Crashes Billboard With 1.1 Million|last=Montgomery|first=James|date=June 2, 2011|accessdate=June 2, 2011|publisher=MTV }}</ref> In addition to exceeding 8 million copies in worldwide sales, ''Born This Way'' received three Grammy Award nominations, including her third consecutive for Album of the Year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/225749/20111005/lady-gaga-biopic.htm|title=Lady Gaga Biopic: 5 Stars Who Could Play the Role|author=IBTimes Staff Reporter|work=[[International Business Times]]|date=October 5, 2011|accessdate=February 12, 2012}}</ref> In March 2012, Gaga was ranked fourth on ''Billboard'''s list of top moneymakers of 2011, grossing $25,353,039, which included sales from ''Born This Way'' and her Monster Ball Tour.<ref name="billboard">{{cite web|title=Music's Top 40 Money Makers 2012|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/list/502623/musics-top-40-money-makers-2012|publisher=Billboard|accessdate=March 9, 2012}}</ref> ''Born This Way'' was preceded by singles "[[Born This Way (song)|Born This Way]]", "[[Judas (Lady Gaga song)|Judas]]", and "[[The Edge of Glory]]", and the promotional single "[[Hair (Lady Gaga song)|Hair]]". The lead single and title track, first sung live at the 53rd Grammy Awards in a performance that saw Gaga emerge from an egg-like vessel, deals with self-acceptance regardless of [[Race (classification of humans)|race]] or [[sexual orientation]]. The single debuted atop the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]], becoming the 19th number-one debut and the 1,000th number-one single in the history of the charts.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Talks Grammy 'Vessel,' Born This Way Details|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1658027/lady-gaga-vessel-egg-grammy-seacrest.jhtml|work=MTV|first=Jocelyn|last=Vena|date=February 15, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1657772/lady-gaga-born-this-way.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way': The New Gay Anthem?|publisher=MTV|date=February 11, 2011|accessdate=October 25, 2011}} * {{cite news |last=Trust |first=Gary |title=Lady Gaga Claims 1,000th Hot 100 No. 1 with 'Born This Way' |work=Billboard|date=February 16, 2011 |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/473025/lady-gaga-claims-1000th-hot-100-no-1-with-born-this-way |accessdate=February 16, 2011}}</ref> It sold 3,918,000 digital copies in the US by August 2013, becoming her eighth consecutive single to exceed sales of 2 million and, with worldwide sales of 8.2 million copies by November 2011, one of her five best-selling singles worldwide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ifpi.com/content/library/DMR2012_key_facts_and_figures.pdf|title=IFPI Digital Music Report 2012|date=January 23, 2012|accessdate=January 24, 2012|publisher=[[International Federation of the Phonographic Industry]]|format=PDF}} * {{cite web|title=Ask Billboard: J. Cole Helps Bring R&B/Hip-Hop Back To No. 1|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/466402/ask-billboard-j-cole-helps-bring-rbhip-hop-back-to-no-1|work=Billboard|first=Gary|last=Trust|date=October 7, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}} * {{cite web|publisher=Yahoo! Music|url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/chart_watch/74385/week-ending-july-3-2011-songs-sons-of-a-legend/|last=Grein|first=Paul|title=Week Ending July 3, 2011. Songs: Sons Of A Legend|accessdate=July 11, 2011|date=July 6, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/chart-beat/5657799/ask-billboard-whos-sold-more-katy-perry-or-lady-gaga |title=Ask Billboard: Who's Sold More, Katy Perry Or Lady Gaga? |first=Gary |last=Trust |work=Billboard |publisher= Prometheus Global Media |date=August 23, 2013 |accessdate=August 24, 2013}}</ref> Critics noted artistic and cultural references and praised the concept of the song's accompanying music video, in which Gaga gives birth to a new race amidst surrealistic images.<ref>{{cite news|first=James |last=Montgomery |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1658903/lady-gaga-born-this-way.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way' Video: A Pop-Culture Cheat Sheet |publisher=MTV (MTV Networks)|date=February 28, 2011 |accessdate=October 29, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1658858/lady-gaga-born-this-way-video.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way' Video Premieres|last=Montgomery|first=James|date=February 28, 2011|publisher=MTV (MTV Networks)|accessdate=October 29, 2011}}</ref> The video for "Judas", in which Gaga portrays [[Mary Magdalene]], and Biblical figures such as [[Jesus|Jesus Christ]] and [[Judas Iscariot]] are also featured, was criticized for its religious references but received acclaim for its overall delivery and praise from others who claimed that there was nothing offensive about it.<ref name="judascatholicleaguereaction"> * {{cite news|last=Rose|first=Philip Fox|date=May 6, 2011|accessdate=October 29, 2011|work=The Washington Post|url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/guest-voices/post/lady-gagas-judas-video-sacrilege-or-sacred-art/2011/05/06/AFyvp17F_blog.html|title=Lady Gaga's Judas video: sacrilege or sacred art?}} * {{cite news|url=http://www.nj.com/entertainment/music/index.ssf/2011/05/lady_gaga_judas_video_debuts_i.html|title=Lady Gaga 'Judas' video debuts: Is it as blasphemous as they say?|last=McCall|first=Tris|authorlink=Tris McCall|date=May 5, 2011|accessdate=October 29, 2011|work=[[The Star-Ledger]]}}</ref> "Judas" also peaked within the top ten in several major musical markets, while "The Edge of Glory", first a commercial success in digital outlets, was later released as a single to rave reviews from critics, accompanied by a video which was notably stripped down from her usually "extravagant" efforts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a318892/lady-gaga-makes-edge-of-glory-official-single.html|title=Lady Gaga Makes Edge Of Glory Official Single?|last=Corner|first=Nick|date=May 11, 2011|accessdate=October 29, 2011|publisher=[[Digital Spy]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=FIRST LOOK! LADY GAGA'S EDGE OF GLORY VIDEO|url=http://www.marieclaire.co.uk/news/celebrity/528955/first-look-lady-gaga-s-edge-of-glory-video.html|first=Eleanor|last=Young|work=Marie Carie|date=June 17, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}}</ref> She released "[[You and I (Lady Gaga song)|You and I]]" and "[[Marry the Night]]" as the following singles from ''Born This Way''. Although their "crazy and ambitious" videos were praised for their audacity, both songs failed to match the international success that their predecessors achieved.<ref name=youandimv>{{cite web|title=Video: 'Yo and I'; Rolling Stone|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/videos/new-and-hot/lady-gaga-youe-and-i-20110816|work=Rolling Stone|first=Matthew|last=Perpetua|date=September 16, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}} * {{cite web|title=Video: 'Marry the Night' &#124; Rolling Stone|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/videos/new-and-hot/lady-gaga-marry-the-night-20111202|work=Rolling Stone|first=Matthew|last=Perpetua|date=December 2, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}} * {{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's "Marry The Night": Will Facebook Campaign Help It Chart Better?|url=http://idolator.com/6108621/lady-gaga-marry-the-night-facebook-campaign-chart|work=Idolator|first=Robbie|last=Daw|date=December 12, 2011|accessdate=February 1, 2012}}</ref> While filming the video for "You and I" in July 2011, she met actor and model [[Taylor Kinney]]. The two began dating soon afterwards.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga fell for Taylor Kinney on video shoot|url=http://www.3news.co.nz/Lady-Gaga-fell-for-Taylor-Kinney-on-video-shoot/tabid/418/articleID/322773/Default.aspx|date=November 25, 2013}}</ref> Gaga was later ranked as the second most-played artist of 2011 in the UK by the [[Phonographic Performance Limited|PPL]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Adele PPL's top artist of 2011|url=http://www.musicweek.com/story.asp?sectioncode=1&storycode=1049870&c=1|accessdate=June 13, 2012}}</ref> [[File:Lady Gaga, VMA 2011.jpg|left|170px|thumb|Gaga dressed as her male alter ego, "Jo Calderone" at the [[2011 MTV Video Music Awards]].]] Throughout 2011, Gaga continued her musical endeavors by pairing with veteran artists like [[Tony Bennett]] to record a jazz version of "[[The Lady Is a Tramp]]".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1670271/lady-gaga-tony-bennett-lady-is-a-tramp.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga Is 'The Biggest,' Tony Bennett Says|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|date=September 14, 2011|accessdate=September 21, 2011|publisher=MTV (MTV Networks)}}</ref> She also recorded a duet with [[Cher]] on a "massive" and "beautiful" track, which Gaga says that she wrote a long time ago, but had not put it on any of her albums.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/musicworld/lady-gaga-preserves-massive-beautiful-hit-for-duet-with-cher_94956.html|title=Lady Gaga preserves 'massive', 'beautiful' hit for duet with Cher|date=September 20, 2011|accessdate=September 21, 2011|work=The Times of India }}</ref> Gaga also lent her vocals to an original duet with Elton John for the animated feature film ''[[Gnomeo & Juliet]]''. The song, "Hello, Hello", was released without Gaga's vocals but the duet version features in the film.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/473304/lady-gaga-elton-john-duet-wont-appear-on-gnomeo-juliet-soundtrack |title=Lady Gaga, Elton John Duet Won't Appear On Film Soundtrack |date=January 28, 2011 |accessdate=February 4, 2011 |last=Herrera |first=Monica |work=Billboard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Elton John and Lady Gaga record duet |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/oct/25/elton-john-lady-gaga-duet |last=Michaels |first=Sean |date=October 25, 2010 |accessdate=December 15, 2010 |work=The Guardian |location=London }}</ref> She also continued her live appearances in 2011, performing a one-of-a-kind concert at the [[Sydney Town Hall]] in promotion of ''Born This Way'' and at the celebration of former US president [[Bill Clinton]]'s 65th birthday, wearing a blond wig as a nod to the famous performance of [[Marilyn Monroe]] for [[John F. Kennedy]] and changing the lyrics to "You and I" specifically for the performance.<ref>{{cite interview |subject=Lady Gaga |title=The Kyle & Jackie O Show |type= Radio interview |url= http://www.2dayfm.com.au |format= FM radio broadcast |program= The Kyle & Jackie O Show |callsign= 104.1FM |city= Sydney |date= May 30, 2011 |accessdate= May 30, 2011}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.starobserver.com.au/celebrity-2/2011/05/30/gaga-confirms-oz-visit/53176 |title=Gaga confirms Oz visit |first=Mike |last=Mrkic |date=May 30, 2011 |work=[[Sydney Star Observer]] |accessdate=May 30, 2011}} * {{cite web|last=Perpetua|first=Mathew|title=Lady Gaga, Bono Rock For Clinton Foundation|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/lady-gaga-bono-rock-for-clinton-foundation-20111017|work=Rolling Stone|date=October 17, 2011|accessdate=October 21, 2011}}</ref> Televised appearances comprised her own Thanksgiving Day television special titled ''[[A Very Gaga Thanksgiving]]'' which was critically acclaimed, attained 5.749 million American viewers, and spawned the release of her fourth extended play ''[[A Very Gaga Holiday#Music|A Very Gaga Holiday]]''.<ref>''A Very Gaga Thanksgiving'' audience numbers and commercial reception: * {{cite web|url=http://watching-tv.ew.com/2011/11/24/lady-gaga-thanksgivinga-very-gaga-thanksgiving/|title='A Very Gaga Thanksgiving' review: Singing and talking turkey with Gaga, 'America's Picasso'|first=Ken|last=Tucker|work=Entertainment Weekly|publisher=Time Inc|date=November 25, 2011|accessdate=December 28, 2011}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2011/nov/25/lady-gaga-thanksgiving-special-abc-tv?newsfeed=true|title=Lady Gaga goes mainstream with a twist on Thanksgiving TV special|first=Hadley |last=Freeman |work=The Guardian |date=November 25, 2011|accessdate=December 28, 2011}} * {{cite web|url=http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/11/25/tv-ratings-thursday-cbs-tops-thanksgiving-night-of-repeats-and-specials-but/111748/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+Tvbythenumbers+%28TVbytheNumbers%29|title='A Very Gaga Thanksgiving' Ranks No. 1 And Improves Its Slot By Wide Margins|first=Bill|last=Gorman|work=[[TV by the Numbers]]|date=November 25, 2011|accessdate=December 28, 2011}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/464980/lady-gaga-releases-holiday-ep|title=Lady Gaga Releases Holiday EP|date= November 23, 2011|work=Billboard|last=Greenwald|first=David|accessdate=December 28, 2011}}</ref> Her second performance on ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' saw her singing a selection of ''Born This Way'' songs alongside appearing in number of sketches with [[Justin Timberlake]] and [[Andy Samberg]]. Gaga also appeared in [[Times Square]] to perform songs from ''Born This Way'' on the 40th anniversary of [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]'s ''[[Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve]]'' and in addition, she also had the honor of welcoming 2012 by dropping the famous [[Times Square Ball]] with [[New York City]] Mayor [[Michael Bloomberg]] at midnight. In 2012, Gaga also guest-starred on the 23rd season finale of ''[[The Simpsons]]'' titled "[[Lisa Goes Gaga]]". In June 2012, Gaga announced her first fragrance in association with [[Coty, Inc.]], ''[[Lady Gaga Fame]]'', which was released worldwide in September 2012.<ref name="pressrelease">{{cite web|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lady-gaga-to-launch-lady-gaga-fame-the-first-fragrance-from-haus-laboratories-159101855.html|title=Lady Gaga To Launch LADY GAGA FAME, The First Fragrance From Haus Laboratories|date=June 14, 2012|work={{noitalic|[[PR Newswire]]}}|publisher=[[Coty, Inc.|Coty, Inc]]|accessdate=July 9, 2012}}</ref> In December 2012, Gaga made an appearance at the final show of [[The Rolling Stones]]' 50th anniversary concert series to perform "[[Gimme Shelter]]", along with [[Bruce Springsteen]] and [[The Black Keys]]. The accompanying tour for ''Born This Way'', titled simply the [[Born This Way Ball]], kicked off at the end of April 2012 at [[Seoul]]'s [[Olympic Stadium (Seoul)|Olympic Stadium]] in South Korea.<ref>{{cite web|last=Waddell |first=Ray |url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/touring/1098993/exclusive-info-lady-gagas-born-this-way-ball-tour-to-hit-asia |title=Exclusive Info: Lady Gaga's 'Born This Way Ball' Tour to Hit Asia, Europe, Latin America This Year; North America in 2013 |publisher=Billboard.biz |date=February 8, 2012 |accessdate=June 24, 2012}}</ref> Although the tour—consisting of 110 shows across the globe—was a commercial success with general critical acclaim, several conservative political commentators denounced the Born This Way Ball shortly after the conception of the tour. This early controversy, particularly notable in several locations of the tour's leg in Asia, saw protests from several religious groups who viewed the tour as satanic and against religious values, resulting in protests mainly from the [[Islamic Defenders Front]], causing a cancellation in the Indonesian city of [[Jakarta]], where Gaga was denied a license to perform. She and promoters were initially optimistic that the performance would go on but, due to threats of violence from Muslim hardliners, Gaga decided to cancel the concert although 52,000 tickets had sold out in just a few days.<ref>{{cite web|title='Vulgar' Lady Gaga refused entry by Indonesia for sold-out show|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/indonesia/9266533/Vulgar-Lady-Gaga-refused-entry-by-Indonesia-for-sold-out-show.html|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=BBC TEAM|title=Lady Gaga tour starts in Seoul with adults-only concert|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-17867102|publisher=BBC News|accessdate=May 25, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2012/may/27/lady-gaga-indonesia-cancel-muslim |title=Lady Gaga cancels Indonesia show after threat from Muslim extremists |date=May 27, 2012}}</ref> Due to a [[Acetabular labrum|labral]] tear of her right hip, Gaga announced on February 12, 2013, that the remaining tour dates of her Born This Way Ball were canceled.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga cancels tour, will have hip surgery|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/02/13/showbiz/lady-gaga-surgery/index.html|publisher=CNN|accessdate=February 14, 2013}}</ref> She posted on her blog February 20, 2013, that she had hip surgery, and was recovering.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga says she's had hip surgery|url=http://news.yahoo.com/lady-gaga-says-shes-had-hip-surgery-153541912.html|work=USA Today|publisher=Gannett Company|accessdate=February 21, 2013}}</ref> ===2013–present: ''Artpop'' and other endeavors=== [[File:Lady Gaga ARTPOP London 02.jpg|thumb|upright|Gaga performing at the 2013 [[iTunes Festival]] in London, where she introduced songs from ''Artpop'']] New songs for Gaga's third studio album, ''[[Artpop]]'', were "beginning to flourish" as she worked with producer [[Fernando Garibay]] in early 2012.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa's new album to be called 'ARTPOP'|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a397438/lady-gagas-new-album-to-be-called-artpop.html|accessdate=August 6, 2012|date=August 5, 2012|last=Copsey|first=Nick|publisher=Digital Spy}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1675458/lady-gaga-next-album.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga Says Next Album Is 'Beginning To Flourish'|date= June 13, 2011|work={{noitalic|MTV News}}|publisher=Viacom International Inc.|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|accessdate=January 2, 2012}}</ref> Gaga's manager, [[Vincent Herbert]], said the singer began working on the project during the Born This Way Ball tour and promised new material consisted of "insane, great records".<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's manager promises singer will deliver an 'insane' third album|url=http://www.nme.com/news/lady-gaga/64082|publisher=IPC Media|work=[[NME]]|accessdate=May 31, 2012}}</ref> Gaga herself explained that she yearned to make audiences have "a really good time" with ''Artpop'', crafting the album to mirror "a night at the club".<ref name=mtv222/> "When you listen to it, it really flows nicely. It's really fun to pop in with your friends. I really wrote it for me and my friends to pop in from start to finish."<ref name=mtv222>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1714293/lady-gaga-artpop-kiis-ustream.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga's ARTPOP Isn't An Album, But 'A Night At The Club'|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|date=September 18, 2013|accessdate=October 17, 2013|publisher=MTV News. Viacom}}</ref> The album was released on November 11, 2013, in the United States through legal music downloading outlets as well as through an app developed by the Haus of Gaga.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1711560/lady-gaga-artpop-applause-video-details.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga Reveals Juicy ARTPOP Details|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|date=July 31, 2013|accessdate=October 17, 2013|publisher=MTV News. Viacom}}</ref> It eventually became her second number-one album in the United States with first week sales of 258,000 copies.<ref>{{cite web |last=Caulfield |first=Keith |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5793353/lady-gaga-scores-second-no-1-album-with-artpop |title=Lady Gaga Scores Second No. 1 Album With 'ARTPOP' |work=Billboard |publisher=Prometheus Global Media |date=November 20, 2013 |accessdate=November 20, 2013}}</ref> Music critics were divided in their assessments of ''Artpop''.<ref>{{cite web|title=ARTPOP Reviews|url=http://www.metacritic.com/music/artpop/lady-gaga|publisher=[[Metacritic]]. [[CBS Interactive]]|accessdate=November 30, 2013}}</ref> The album has thus far spawned successful singles in "[[Applause (Lady Gaga song)|Applause]]" and "[[Do What U Want]]", the latter featuring [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] singer [[R. Kelly]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/5672768/robin-thicke-leads-hot-100-katy-perry-holds-at-no-2 |last=Caulfield|first=Keith|date=August 21, 2013|accessdate=October 17, 2013|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|title=Robin Thicke Leads Hot 100, Katy Perry Holds At No. 2 | work=Billboard}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.officialcharts.com/archive-chart/_/1/2013-08-24/ |title=August 24, 2013 Top 40 Official Singles Chart UK Archive | publisher=Official Charts Company|accessdate=October 17, 2013}}</ref><ref name="dowhatSingleAnnouncement">{{cite news |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop-shop/5763214/lady-gaga-r-kelly-duet-do-what-u-want-is-now-artpops-second-single |title=Lady Gaga: R. Kelly Duet 'Do What U Want' Is Now 'ARTPOP's' Second Single|date=October 22, 2013 |accessdate=October 22, 2013 |last=Lipshultz|first=Jason|work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref> Gaga had split from her longtime manager, Troy Carter, shortly thereafter citing "creative differences".<ref name="NY news">{{cite web | url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music-arts/lady-gaga-longtime-manager-troy-carter-split-article-1.1507097 | title=Lady Gaga, longtime manager Troy Carter split over 'creative differences': report | publisher=NEW YORK DAILY NEWS | date=November 5, 2013 | accessdate=November 6, 2013 | author=Rivera, Zayda}}</ref> "[[G.U.Y. (song)|G.U.Y.]]" was released as the third single from ''Artpop'' and was a commercial failure.<ref name="radioit">{{cite web|url=http://www.radioairplay.fm/RadioDate/PublicDetails/61964|title=G.U.Y.: Lady Gaga|last=Mompellio|first=Gabriel|date=March 28, 2014|accessdate=March 28, 2014|publisher=Radio Airplay Italy|language=Italian}}</ref> Gaga embarked on the [[ArtRave: The Artpop Ball]] tour in support of the album on May 2014. The tour took its concept from the [[ArtRave]] event organized by Gaga for promoting ''Artpop'', and would visit cities where she had cancelled dates of her Born This Way Ball tour, as well as new locations.<ref name="pr1">{{cite press release|url=http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/lady-gagas-artrave-the-artpop-ball-235208811.html|title=LADY GAGA'S artRave: THE ARTPOP BALL|work=[[PR Newswire]]|publisher=[[UBM plc]]|date=December 10, 2013|accessdate=December 10, 2013}}</ref> By the next month she and her new manager Bobby Campbell joined Artist Nation, the artist management division of Live Nation Entertainments.<ref name="tourforce"/> Gaga starred in [[Robert Rodriguez]]'s project ''[[Machete Kills]]'' as La Chameleón. The picture, released on October 11, 2013, was poorly received critically and commercially.<ref>{{cite web|last=Chitwood|first=Adam|title=''Machete Kills'' Set for Release on September 13, 2013|url=http://collider.com/machete-kills-release-date-september-13-2013/224541/|publisher=Collider.com|accessdate=January 15, 2013|date=January 15, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/machete_kills/|title=Machete Kills (2013)|publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |accessdate=November 30, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ign.com/articles/2013/10/14/machete-kills-flops-at-the-box-office|title=Machete Kills Flops at the Box Office|first=Jim|last=Vejvoda|publisher=IGN|date=October 13, 2013|accessdate=November 30, 2013}}</ref> Her performance earned her a [[Golden Raspberry Awards|Golden Raspberry]] nomination for [[Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress|Worst Supporting Actress]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvguide.com/News/Razzie-Nominations-1076052.aspx |title=Grown Ups 2 Leads Razzie Nominations&nbsp;– Today's News: Our Take |publisher=TVGuide.com |date=January 15, 2014 |accessdate=February 1, 2014}}</ref> The singer also hosted the November 16, 2013 episode of ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'', closing out the program with a performance of "Do What U Want" with Kelly.<ref name=Nov2013SNL>{{cite web|last=Rivera|first=Zayda|title=Lady Gaga hosts 'Saturday Night Live,' plays future self without fame or applause|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/lady-gaga-hosts-snl-plays-future-fame-applause-article-1.1519876|publisher=NY Daily News|date=November 17, 2013}}</ref> Later that month, she held her second Thanksgiving Day television special on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]], ''[[Lady Gaga and the Muppets' Holiday Spectacular]]'', where she played a selection of songs with [[The Muppets]], [[Elton John]], [[Joseph Gordon-Levitt]], and [[RuPaul]].<ref name=Thanksgiving2013>{{cite web|last=Messer|first=Lesley|title=Lady Gaga Teams Up With the Muppets and Adorable Photos Result|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/lady-gaga-teams-muppets-adorable-photos-result/story?id=20603044|publisher=ABC News|accessdate=October 17, 2013}}</ref> Future film projects for Gaga includes a cameo in another Robert Rodriguez film, ''[[Sin City: A Dame to Kill For]]'', scheduled for release on August 22, 2014.<ref name=GagaNailedIt>{{cite news|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|title=Lady Gaga 'Nailed It' In 'Sin City' Sequel, Joseph Gordon-Levitt Reveals|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1713289/lady-gaga-joseph-gordon-levitt-sin-city-2.jhtml|publisher=MTV News|accessdate=August 29, 2013|date=August 29, 2013}}</ref> Besides her film endeavors, Gaga would also be involved in other musical ventures. ''[[Cheek to Cheek (album)|Cheek to Cheek]]'', a jazz album with [[Tony Bennett]], was supposed to be released on January 1, 2014, but it was later announced that the release has been delayed tentatively until the fourth quarter of 2014.<ref name=TonyAlbum1>{{cite web|url=http://www.nme.com/news/lady-gaga/66376 |title=Lady Gaga to record jazz album with Tony Bennett|date=February 28, 2013|accessdate=March 9, 2013|work=NME|publisher=IPC Media}}</ref><ref name=TonyAlbum2>{{cite web|last=Sauro|first=Tony|title=Iconic Tony Bennett brings tour to Hope|url=http://www.recordnet.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20131102/A_ENTERTAIN/311020312/-1/NEWSMAP|publisher=Recordnet.com|accessdate=November 2, 2013}}</ref> In early 2015, Gaga will perform the first ever concert in space as part of Zero G Colony, a three-day music festival. She will travel via ''[[Spaceport America]]'', the world's first commercial spaceport, in [[New Mexico]], and the event will feature a mix of entertainment and cutting-edge technology. Gaga will be the grand finale.<ref name=SpacePerformance>{{cite web|last=Savage|first=Lesley|title=Lady Gaga to perform in space (no, really!)|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-207_162-57611165/lady-gaga-to-perform-in-space-no-really/|publisher=[[CBS News]]|date=November 6, 2013|accessdate=November 6, 2013}}</ref> ==Artistry== ===Musical style=== <!-- {{Listen |filename = Lady_GaGa-Just_Dance.ogg |title = "Just Dance" (2008) |description = A 30-second sample of Lady Gaga's "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" featuring the chorus sung by Lady Gaga and [[Colby O'Donis]] in the range of B<sub>3</sub> to C{{music|sharp}}, backed by a synth marching beat. The song became her first international hit single and sold 7.7 million copies worldwide. }} --> Continually experimenting with new musical ideas and images, Gaga's musical and performance style is the subject of much analysis and scrutiny from critics. She professes that she is "liberating" herself by constantly reinventing her sound and image, insisting that she has been drawn to such a practice since her childhood.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga liberated through reinvention|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-09-08/news-and-interviews/30129686_1_lady-gaga-outrageous-outfits-latest-album|work=The Times of India |date=September 8, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref> Vocally, Gaga possesses the range of a [[contralto]] and exhibits "overwhelming expression, instinctive vocal phrasing, '80s rock reminiscent chest belts and animalistic vocal ticks" while being able to move through 2.7 octaves.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.buzzle.com/articles/biography-of-lady-gaga.html |title=Lady Gaga's biography |last=Chatterjee Shukla |first=Ishani |date=November 18, 2010 |work=Buzzle |publisher=Buzzle.com, intelligent life on the web |location=California}}</ref><ref name="vocalability">{{cite web|title=Ranking the Voices of 10 Women in Pop|url=http://www.barkbiteblog.com/2011/06/women-in-pop-voices.html|work=Bark Bite|date=June 1, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref> Refusing to [[lip sync]], Gaga&nbsp;– whose range is frequently compared to those of Madonna and [[Gwen Stefani]]&nbsp;– has manipulated her vocal style over the course of her career yet considers ''Born This Way'' (2011) "much more vocally up to par with what I've always been capable of."<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Doesn't Lip Sync|url=http://www.artistdirect.com/nad/news/article/0,,7709013,00.html|work=Artist Direct|first=Amy|last=Sciarretto|date=October 21, 2010|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa announces next single title|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a303046/lady-gaga-announces-next-single-title.html|date=February 10, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|first=Robert|last=Copsey|work=Digital Spy}}</ref> In summation of her voice, ''Entertainment Weekly'' wrote, "There's an immense emotional intelligence behind the way she uses her voice. Almost never does she overwhelm a song with her vocal ability, recognizing instead that artistry is to be found in nuance rather than lung power."<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga talks early struggles, denies lip-synching, shouts-out Liza Minnelli and Marisa Tomei at Madison Square Garden|url=http://music-mix.ew.com/2011/02/23/lady-gaga-talks-early-struggles-denies-lip-synching-shouts-out-liza-minnelli-and-marisa-tomei-at-madison-square-garden/|date=February 23, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Entertainment Weekly|first=Christian|last=Blauvelt}}</ref> [[File:Gagafameball.jpg|upright|left|thumb|alt=A blond woman in a bob-cut, sitting cross-legged on a transparent platform full of bubbles and lit from inside in pink. The woman is wearing a dress made of transparent bubbles of varying sizes. She is holding a microphone in her left hand and appears to be smiling.|Gaga performing in a plastic bubble dress (2009)]] Although her early lyrics have been criticized for lacking intellectual stimulation, "[Gaga] does manage to get you moving and grooving at an almost effortless pace."<ref name="popmatters">{{cite web |url=http://www.popmatters.com/pm/review/68939-lady-gaga-the-fame/ |title=Lady GaGa The Fame |last=Sawdey |first=Evan |date=January 12, 2009 |publisher=[[PopMatters]] |accessdate=April 30, 2009}}</ref> Gaga believes that "all good music can be played at a piano and still sound like a hit."<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa: 'LP shows songwriting ability'|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a310662/lady-gaga-lp-shows-songwriting-ability.html|publisher=Digital Spy|date=March 23, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|first=Ryan|last=Love}}</ref> She has covered a wide variety of topics in her songs: while ''The Fame'' (2008) meditates on the lust for stardom, ''The Fame Monster'' (2009) expresses fame's dark side through monster metaphors. ''Born This Way'' (2011) is sung in English, French, German, and Spanish and includes common themes in Gaga's controversial songwriting such as sex, love, religion, money, drugs, identity, liberation, sexuality, freedom, and individualism.<ref name=albumguide/><ref name=btwrs/> Her music style has been described as [[Synthpop|electropop]]<ref> The following sources refer to Lady Gaga as "electropop" : *{{cite news|url= http://articles.latimes.com/2010/aug/11/entertainment/la-et-picks11-20100811 |title= Happening Wednesday: Lady Gaga, Warped Tour and more |newspaper= [[Los Angeles Times]] |publisher=[[Eddy Hartenstein]] |date= August 11, 2010 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite web|url= http://www.musicomh.com/reviews/albums/lady-gaga-the-fame-monster-trackbytrack |title= Track-By-Track: Lady Gaga – The Fame Monster |publisher= [[musicOMH]] |date= November 23, 2009 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite news|url= http://www.mtv.com/news/1627666/lady-gaga-and-producer-redone-always-want-to-shock-people/ |title= Lady Gaga And Producer RedOne 'Always Want To Shock People' |publisher= [[MTV News]]. [[Viacom]] |date= April 12, 2009 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite news|url= http://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/14/arts/music/14choice.html?pagewanted=all |title= New CDs |newspaper= [[The New York Times]] |date= June 13, 2010 |accessdate= July 10, 2014 |publisher=[[Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr.]] |quote= Certainly you could draw a dotted line between Robyn and Lady Gaga, another electro-pop heroine whose songs involve the drama of the dance floor.}}</ref> and as [[dance-pop]]<ref> The following sources refer to Lady Gaga as "dance-pop" : *{{cite web|url= http://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/60628/Lady-Gaga-The-Fame/ |first= Brendan |last= Schroer |title= Lady Gaga – The Fame |publisher= [[Sputnikmusic]] |date= January 21, 2014 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite news|url= http://www.mtv.tv/music/artists/lady-gaga#bio |title= Lady Gaga – Full Biography |publisher= MTV News. Viacom |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite news|first= Jim |last= Harrington |url= http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_11924085?source=rss_viewed |title= Review: Lady Gaga delivers crazy dance-pop show |newspaper= [[San Jose Mercury News]] |accessdate= July 10, 2014}} *{{cite journal|first= Whitney |last= Pastorek |url= http://popwatch.ew.com/2009/02/09/lady-gaga-inter/ |title= Lady GaGa: Bonus quotes from the dance-pop queen!|publisher=[[Time Inc.]] |magazine= [[Entertainment Weekly]] |date= February 9, 2009 |accessdate= July 10, 2014}}</ref> and the structure of her music is said to be influenced by classic 1980s pop and 1990s [[Europop]].<ref name="BG">{{cite news |last=Petridis |first=Alexis |title=Lady Gaga: The Fame |work=The Guardian |location=London |date=January 3, 2009 |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/jan/09/lady-gaga-the-fame |authorlink=Alexis Petridis |accessdate=May 6, 2010 }}</ref> Her debut album ''The Fame'' (2008) provoked ''The Sunday Times'' to assert "in combining music, fashion, art and technology, [Gaga] evokes Madonna, Gwen Stefani circa '[[Hollaback Girl]]', [[Kylie Minogue]] 2001 or Grace Jones right now" and a critic from ''[[The Boston Globe]]'' to comment that she draws "obvious inspirations from Madonna to Gwen Stefani... in [her] girlish but sturdy pipes and bubbly beats."<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady GaGa: the future of pop? |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article5325327.ece?token=null&offset=0&page=1 |newspaper=The Sunday Times |date=December 14, 2008 |accessdate=August 9, 2009 |last=Hajibageri |first=Sarah | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Rodman |first=Sarah |title=Lady Gaga |url=http://articles.boston.com/2008-10-27/ae/29278306_1_lady-gaga-disco-interscope |work=The Boston Globe |date=October 27, 2008 |accessdate=August 9, 2009}}</ref> Music critic [[Simon Reynolds]] wrote that "Everything about Gaga came from [[electroclash]], except the music, which wasn't particularly 1980s, just ruthlessly catchy naughties pop glazed with [[Auto-Tune]] and undergirded with [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]]-ish beats."<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/musicblog/2010/jan/22/eighties-revival-decade |title =The 1980s revival that lasted an entire decade |first=Simon |last=Reynolds |authorlink=Simon Reynolds |work=The Guardian |location=London |accessdate=January 22, 2010 |date=January 22, 2010 }}</ref> The follow-up ''The Fame Monster'' (2009), saw Gaga's taste for pastiche, drawing on "Seventies arena glam, perky [[ABBA]] disco and sugary throwbacks like [[Stacey Q]]" while ''Born This Way'' (2011) also draws on the records of her childhood and still has the "electro-sleaze beats and Eurodisco chorus chants" of its predecessor but includes genres as diverse as opera, heavy metal, [[disco]], and [[rock and roll]].<ref name=albumguide>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Album Guide|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/artists/lady-gaga/albumguide|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Rolling Stone}}</ref> "There isn't a subtle moment on the album, but even at its nuttiest, the music is full of wide-awake emotional details," wrote ''Rolling Stone'', who concluded: "The more excessive Gaga gets, the more honest she sounds."<ref name=btwrs>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga, 'Born This Way'|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/blogs/editors-picks/lady-gaga-born-this-way-20110520|date=May 20, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Rolling Stone|first=Rob|last=Sheffield}}</ref> ===Influences=== Gaga grew up listening to artists such as [[The Beatles]], [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Queen (band)|Queen]], [[Bruce Springsteen]], [[Pink Floyd]], [[The Grateful Dead]], [[Led Zeppelin]], [[Whitney Houston]], and [[Elton John]], who all significantly influenced her.<ref name="familyinfluence">{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Just a Normal, Family-Oriented Girl|url=http://thehollywoodgossip.com/2011/05/lady-gaga-just-a-normal-family-oriented-girl|date=May 10, 2011|accessdate=November 26, 2011|first=Free|last=Britney|work=The Hollywood Gossip}}</ref><ref name="She's The Greatest Of All Time">{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga on Whitney Houston: 'she's the greatest of all time' |url=http://www.rap-up.com/2012/03/19/lady-gaga-on-whitney-houston-shes-the-greatest-of-all-time|date=March 19, 2012|accessdate=March 19, 2012|first=Up|last=Rap|work=Rap-Up}}</ref> She also cited heavy metal bands like [[Iron Maiden]] and [[Black Sabbath]] as her favorite musicians.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: 'Iron Maiden Changed My Life'|url=http://www.blabbermouth.net/news/lady-gaga-iron-maiden-changed-my-life/|work=Blabbermouth|first=|last=|date=May 25, 2011|accessdate=October 27, 2013}}</ref> "I am a real family girl. When it comes to love and loyalty, I am very old-fashioned. And I am quite down-to-earth for such an eccentric person", she insists.<ref name="ourladyvogue">{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Our Lady of Pop|url=http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/lady-gaga-our-lady-of-pop/|work=Vogue|first=Jonathan|last=Van Meter|date=February 10, 2011|accessdate=November 26, 2011}}</ref> "I'm quite traditional in the family sense. I've always been that way."<ref name="familyinfluence"/> According to Gaga, Joanne Germanotta&nbsp;– her aunt who died of lupus, aged 19&nbsp;– lives on through her and inspires all of her music and art.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa: 'My aunt lives through me'|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/showbiz/news/a304785/lady-gaga-my-aunt-lives-through-me.html|date=February 19, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Digital Spy|first=Naomi|last=Rainey}}</ref> Joanne's date of death is tattooed on Gaga's body and, despite dying 12 years before her birth, Gaga commented, "I really believe I have two hearts. I think I actually carry two souls in my body, and that I'm living out the rest of her life and her goodness&nbsp;– she died a virgin, she died never having experienced all these things that we all get to love and experience in our lives."<ref>{{cite web|title=I have two hearts, two souls: Lady Gaga|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hollywood/news-interviews/I-have-two-hearts-two-souls-Lady-Gaga/articleshow/7526992.cms|work=The Times of India |date=February 19, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110321051202/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hollywood/news-interviews/I-have-two-hearts-two-souls-Lady-Gaga/articleshow/7526992.cms|archivedate=March 21, 2011}}</ref> Another spiritual influence on Gaga has been the Indian physician, public speaker, and writer [[Deepak Chopra]]. Labeling him a "true inspiration", she stated that "he's always reminded me to work in a life of service to my fans and to fulfill my vision and my destiny" in addition to thinking about Chopra when it comes to her work as a musician: "I want so much for it to go beyond the music for my fans."<ref>{{cite news|title=TIME 100: Lady Gaga on Her Biggest Influence|url=http://www.time.com/time/video/player/0,32068,81660577001_1986210,00.html|work=TIME}}</ref> Gaga also lifted a quote from [[Osho (Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh)|Osho]]'s book ''Creativity'' on Twitter.<ref name="LGOC35">{{cite book |title=Creativity: Unleashing the Forces Within |author=Osho |year=1999 |edition=1|isbn=0-312-20519-8|url=http://www.amazon.com/Creativity-Unleashing-Forces-Within-insights/dp/0312205198/ref=ntt_at_ep_dpt_4|accessdate=January 11, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://oshomedia.blog.osho.com/2011/10/lady-gaga-i-read-osho-because-i-love-his-work/|title=I read Osho because I love his work|date=October 28, 2011|accessdate=October 28, 2011|publisher=OSHO International Media and Publishing News}}</ref> When asked about her connection to him, Gaga said she was influenced by his work and that, for her, "the creativity is the greatest way of rebellion": "Equality", she concluded, "is one of the most important things in my life."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/epa/article/ALeqM5hVwlynMQyNRRrnlSSI67L6tNK7vA?docId=1641323|title=Lady Gaga cantará ante un público selecto en el GP de Fórmula 1 de la India |date=October 28, 2011|accessdate=October 28, 2011|work=EFE}}</ref> {{Double image|right|IsaacFresno2.jpg|170|BowieRaR87.jpg|182|Music artists such as Madonna (''left'') and David Bowie (''right'') have influenced Gaga.}} Musically, Gaga takes influence from numerous musicians from [[dance-pop]] singers like [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]] and [[Michael Jackson]] to glam rock artists like [[David Bowie]] and [[Queen (band)|Queen]] whilst employing the theatrics of artists like [[Andy Warhol]] and of her musical theater roots in performance.<ref name="Allmusic bio" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's direct line to Andy Warhol|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/lostinshowbiz/2010/sep/09/lady-gaga-andy-warhol|work=The Guardian |first=Alexis|last=Petridis|date=September 9, 2010|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa: 'I was inspired by musical theatre'|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/music/news/a320549/lady-gaga-i-was-inspired-by-musical-theatre.html|work=Digital Spy|date=May 20, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|first=Jennifer|last=Still}}</ref> "The Philosophy of Andy Warhol: From A to B and Back Again" by Andy Warhol has been noted for shaping Gaga's approach to celebrity. Warhol advised that enigmatic blankness generates an allure that could serve as the basis of fame. Some identify the mystery surrounding the "Gaga" identity as such a strategy.<ref>{{cite journal| first=Matthew | last=Galante | url=http://dotsanddashes.co.uk/features/joining-the-dots-all-we-hear-is-lady-gaga|title=All We Hear is Lady Gaga|publisher=Dots and Dashes|accessdate=December 11, 2011}}</ref> The Queen song "[[Radio Ga Ga]]" inspired her stage name: "I adored [[Freddie Mercury]] and Queen had a hit called 'Radio Gaga'. That's why I love the name [.....] Freddie was unique—one of the biggest personalities in the whole of pop music," she commented.<ref name="soundtrack">{{cite news |url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/sep/06/lady-gaga-popandrock |title=Soundtrack of my life: Lady Gaga |work=The Guardian |location=London |last=Thomson |first=Graeme |date=September 6, 2009 |accessdate=May 6, 2010 }}</ref> Gaga has often been compared to Madonna who admits that she sees herself reflected in Gaga.<ref>{{cite web|title=Madonna Talks Divorce, Lady Gaga & Being A 'Geek' In High School|url=http://www.accesshollywood.com/madonna-talks-divorce-lady-gaga-and-being-a-geek-in-high-school_article_24191|work=Access Hollywood|date=October 14, 2009|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref> In response to the comparisons, Gaga stated, "I don't want to sound presumptuous, but I've made it my goal to revolutionize pop music. The last revolution was launched by Madonna 25 years ago" in addition to commenting that "there is really no one that is a more adoring and loving Madonna fan than me. I am the hugest fan personally and professionally."<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Madonna Approves 'Born This Way'|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/lady-gaga-madonna-approves-born-99711|author=THR staff|work=The Hollywood Reporter|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|date=February 15, 2011|accessdate=July 27, 2011}}</ref> Like Madonna, Gaga has continued to reinvent herself and, over the years of her career, has drawn musical inspiration from a diverse mix of artists including [[Whitney Houston]], [[Grace Jones]], [[Cyndi Lauper]], [[Blondie (band)|Blondie]] singer [[Debbie Harry]], [[Scissor Sisters]], [[Prince (musician)|Prince]], [[Marilyn Manson]], [[Yoko Ono]], [[Britney Spears]], and [[Christina Aguilera]].<ref>Musical influences of Lady Gaga: * {{cite news |url=http://www.popcrunch.com/britney-spears-lady-gaga-collaboration-in-the-works/ |title=Britney Spears/Lady Gaga collaboration in the works |work=The Sun |accessdate=June 20, 2010 |publisher=Pop Crunch |last=Reporter |first=Staff | location=London | date=February 10, 2010}} * {{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: I can't wait to come to India|url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/i-cant-wait-to-come-to-india-lady-gaga/143405-45-75.html|date=April 21, 2011|publisher=[[IBN Live]]|accessdate=May 27, 2011}} * {{cite web |title=Lady GaGa: "Grace Jones, Androgynous, Robo, Future Fashion Queen" |url=http://www.prefixmag.com/news/lady-gaga-grace-jones-androgynous-robo-future-fash/26057/ |first=Alexandra |last=Symonds |work=Prefix |accessdate=July 11, 2009 |date=July 10, 2009}} * {{cite journal |last=Tann |first=Remmy |date=July 11, 2011 |title=I was born this way: Lady Gaga |publisher=Yahoo! |accessdate=July 11, 2011 |url=http://sg.news.yahoo.com/blogs/what-is-buzzing/born-way-lady-gaga-145116015.html}} * {{cite news |url=http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/showbiz/article-23694934-debbie-harry-would-love-to-perform-with-lady-gaga.do |title=Debbie Harry Would Love To Perform With Lady Gaga |date=October 25, 2009 |last=Smith |first=Liz |work=[[Evening Standard]] |accessdate=October 30, 2009}} * {{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Reflects on Springsteen Influence for 'Inside the Outside' Doc|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/471502/lady-gaga-reflects-on-springsteen-influence-for-inside-the-outside-doc|work=Billboard|accessdate=November 26, 2011|date=May 18, 2011|first=Phil|last=Gallo}} * {{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Our Lady of Pop|url=http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/lady-gaga-our-lady-of-pop/|work=Vogue|first=Jonathan|last=Van Meter|date=February 10, 2011|accessdate=November 26, 2011}} * {{cite web|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/491950/christina-aguilera-and-lady-gaga-perform-on-the-voice-effectively-putting-feud-rumors-to-rest|title=Christina Aguilera and Lady Gaga Perform on The Voice, Effectively Putting Feud Rumors to Rest|work=E! Online|publisher=E!|first=Zach|last=Johnson|date=December 18, 2013|accessdate=January 25, 2014|quote=I'm a very big fan of Christina Aguilera...}} </ref> Gaga has mentioned Spears in several interviews, and revealed, "Britney certainly doesn’t need any freakin' tips from me! Britney Spears is the [[Honorific nicknames in popular music|queen of pop]]. I was learning from her."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nowmagazine.co.uk/celebrity-news/300123/lady-gaga-i-don-t-have-time-for-dating/1|title=Lady GaGa: I don't have time for dating|date=February 9, 2009|accessdate=May 17, 2012|work=[[NOW (British magazine)|Now]]}}</ref> Gaga also paid tribute to Spears during the [[2011 MTV Video Music Awards]] with the [[MTV Video Vanguard Award]], adding that the pop singer "taught us all how to be fearless, and the industry wouldn't be the same without her."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1669862/britney-spears-lady-gaga-kiss-vmas.jhtml|title=Britney Spears Accepts Video Vanguard VMA&nbsp;– And A Kiss From Lady Gaga|date=August 28, 2011|accessdate=March 6, 2012|publisher=MTV. MTV Networks}}</ref> Gaga has identified fashion as a major influence and has been stylistically compared to [[Leigh Bowery]], [[Isabella Blow]], and [[Cher]].<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="mtv 55" /><ref name="ourladyvogue"/><ref name="cherfashionsense">{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Says Cher's Outfits Inspired Her Own Crazy Style|url=http://abcnewsradioonline.com/music-news/2011/9/26/lady-gaga-says-chers-outfits-inspired-her-own-crazy-style.html|work=ABC|first=Andrea|last=Dresdale|date=September 26, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011}}</ref> She commented that "as a child, she somehow absorbed Cher's out-there fashion sense and made it her own."<ref name="cherfashionsense" /> She has considered [[Donatella Versace]] her [[muse]] and the late English fashion designer and close friend [[Alexander McQueen]] as an inspiration, admitting that "I miss Lee every time I get dressed" while channeling him in some of her work.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/><ref name="comeparty"/> In turn, Versace calls Lady Gaga "the fresh Donatella".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/designers-dish-a-conversation-donatella-687850 |work=The Hollywood Reporter|publisher=Prometheus Global Media |accessdate=June 24, 2014 |title=Desginer's dish: A Conversation With Donatella Versace|first=Merle |last=Ginsberg |date=March 20, 2014}}</ref> Modeled on Andy Warhol's Factory, Gaga has her own creative production team, which she handles personally, called the [[Haus of Gaga]], who create many of her clothes, stage props, and hairdos.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/news/art/2009/03/143_40885.html |title=Lady Gaga Burning Up Album Charts |first=Cathy |last=Garcia |date=March 8, 2009 |accessdate=March 10, 2009 |publisher=[[Hankook Ilbo]] |work=[[The Korea Times]]}}</ref> Her adoration of fashion came from her mother, who she stated was "always very well kept and beautiful."<ref name="timesonline2">{{cite news |url=http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article5746827.ece | title=Lady Gaga: ready for her close-up | first=Ruby | last=Warrington |work=The Sunday Times | date=February 22, 2009 | accessdate=February 22, 2009 }}</ref> In an interview with Larry King, she stated that after her own mother and grandmother, the most important woman to her was 20th century fashion icon [[Princess Diana]]; "I love Princess Diana so much. She was an enormous influence on me when I was younger because my mother worshipped her so much. When she died, I'll never forget, my mother was crying. It was this very powerful moment in my childhood watching my mother so connected to someone".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1006/01/lkl.01.html |title=Larry King Live&nbsp;– Interview With Lady Gaga|publisher=CNN|accessdate= March 7, 2014}}</ref> "When I'm writing music, I'm thinking about the clothes I want to wear on stage. It's all about everything altogether—performance art, pop performance art, fashion. For me, it's everything coming together and being a real story that will bring back the super-fan. I want to bring that back. I want the imagery to be so strong that fans will want to eat and taste and lick every part of us."<ref name="mtv 55" /> Gaga made her runway debut at [[Thierry Mugler]]'s Paris fashion show in March 2011 where she wore items from [[Nicola Formichetti]]'s debut women's wear collection. She has since devoted her time as a fashion columnist for ''[[V (American magazine)|V]]'' magazine, where she has written about her creative process, her studying of the world of pop culture, and her ability to tune into the evolution of pop-culture meme.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1663768/lady-gaga-v-magazine.jhtml|title=Lady Gaga Talks About Fashion Obsession In V Magazine|last=Vena|first=Jocelyn|date=May 13, 2011|accessdate=May 13, 2011|publisher=MTV }}</ref> The [[Global Language Monitor]] named "Lady Gaga" as the Top Fashion Buzzword with her trademark "no pants" a close third.<ref>{{cite news |last=Silva |first=Horatio |url=http://tmagazine.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/04/the-world-according-to-gaga/ |title=The World According to Gaga |work=The New York Times |date=March 4, 2010 |accessdate=April 25, 2010}}</ref> ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]'' put her outfits on its end of the decade "best-of" list, saying, "Whether it's a dress made of Muppets or strategically placed bubbles, Gaga's [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/outr%C3%A9 outré] ensembles brought performance art into the mainstream."<ref>{{cite journal |last=Geier |first=Thom |date=December 11, 2009 |title=The 100 Greatest Movies.. Trends That Entertained Us Over The Past 10 Years |work=Entertainment Weekly |volume=1079/1080 |issue=74 |page=84 |issn=10490434}}</ref> ''Time Magazine'' placed Gaga on their "All-Time 100 Fashion Icons List" amongst some of Gaga's inspirations such as Michael Jackson, Madonna, and the The Beatles, stating: "Lady Gaga is just as notorious for her outrageous style as she is for her pop hits. After all, Gaga, born Stefani Germanotta, has sported outfits made from plastic bubbles, [[Kermit the Frog]] dolls, and [[Meat dress of Lady Gaga|raw meat]]."<ref>{{cite news|title=All-Time 100 Fashion Icons|url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0,29569,2110513,00.html|accessdate=November 21, 2013|work=Time}}</ref> ===Videos and stage=== [[File:Lady Gaga covered in blood.jpg|thumb|upright|Gaga during a "blood soaked" performance (2010)]] With constant costume changes, [[backup dancer]]s, and provocative visuals, Gaga's music videos are often described as short films.<ref name=parvis/> "Being provocative is not just about getting people's attention. It's about saying something that really affects people in a real way, in a positive way," she professes.<ref name=parvis/> Exploring [[Bondage (sexual)|bondage]] and [[sadomasochism]] in addition to highlighting prevalent feminist themes, "the three central themes that shape Lady Gaga's music videos are sex, violence, and power."<ref name=criticaldebate>{{cite web|last=Fogel|first=Curtis|first2=Andrea |last2=Quinlan |title=Lady Gaga and Feminism: A Critical Debate|work=Cross-Culture Communication|year=2011|url=http://cscanada.net/index.php/ccc/article/view/j.ccc.1923670020110703.360/1947}}</ref> "[[Vaudeville|Vaudevillian]] and [[Carnal knowledge|carnal]], Lady Gaga has got the knack of sending rape-like fantasies—in songs and videos that double as catch club hits—to the top of the charts," wrote one critic.<ref name=ultimatepredator/> "Whether it is physical violence or sexual exploitation, these videos offer vivid depictions of male power over women's bodies," wrote another.<ref name=criticaldebate/> While she labels herself "a little bit of a feminist" and asserts that she is "sexually empowering women,"<ref name=ultimatepredator>{{cite web|last=Smith|first=Emily Esfahani|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303411604575167821091223394.html|title=The Pop Singer as Ultimate Predator|work=Wall Street Journal|date=April 7, 2010|accessdate=February 4, 2012}}</ref> Gaga strives to empower young women to stand up for what they believe in.<ref name=criticaldebate/> She also attempts to liberate her fans so they can feel "less alone."<ref>{{cite web|last=Juzwiak|first=Rich|title=Lady Gaga Approximately|url=http://www.villagevoice.com/2010-01-19/music/lady-gaga-approximately/|work=The Village Voice|date=January 19, 2010|accessdate=February 4, 2012}}</ref> "She not only reiterates her assertion of total originality," professed pop critic [[Ann Powers]], "but also finesses it until it's both a philosophical stance about how constructing a persona from pop-cultural sources can be an expression of a person's truth—[[wikt:à la|a la]] those drag queens Gaga sincerely admires—and a bit of a feminist act."<ref>{{cite news|last=Powers|first=Ann|title=The Cultural Critic; Lady Gaga|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=December 13, 2009}}</ref> In summation of her videos, ''Rolling Stone'' used the [[rhetoric]]: "does anyone look to a Lady Gaga video for restraint?"<ref name=youandimv/> Her performances are described as "highly entertaining and innovative"; the blood-spurting performance of "Paparazzi" at the [[2009 MTV Video Music Awards]] was described as "eye-popping" by MTV.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621395/20090913/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga Lets It Bleed During Eye-Popping VMA Performance |date=September 13, 2009 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |publisher=MTV}}</ref> She continued the "blood soaked" theme during The Monster Ball Tour, in which she wore a revealing leather corset and was "attacked" by a performer dressed in black who gnaws on her throat, causing "blood" to spurt down her chest, after which she lies "dying" in a pool of blood. Her performances of that scene in England triggered protests from family groups and fans in the aftermath of a local tragedy, in which a taxi driver had murdered 12 people.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/2010/06/03/2010-06-03_fans_protest_lady_gagas_bloodspattered_monster_ball_show_in_england_after_shooti.html |title=Fans protest Lady Gaga's blood-spattered Monster Ball show in England after shooting spree |last=Roberts |first=Sorya |date=June 3, 2010 |accessdate=June 23, 2010 |work=Daily News}}</ref> "What happened in Bradford is very fresh in people's minds and given all the violence which happened in Cumbria just hours earlier, it was insensitive," said Lynn Costello of Mothers Against Violence.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/Gaga-s-bloody-stage-show-sparks-fury/Article1-552890.aspx |title=Gaga's bloody stage show sparks fury |date=June 4, 2010 |accessdate=June 23, 2010 |work=Hindustan Times }}</ref> Her unconventionality continued at the [[2011 MTV Video Music Awards]]: performing in [[Drag (clothing)|drag]] as her male [[alter ego]], Jo Calderone, and delivering a lovesick monologue before a performance of her song "You and I".<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Bends Gender, Minds With VMA Monologue|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1669859/lady-gaga-jo-calderone-video-music-awards.jhtml|publisher=MTV|accessdate=September 28, 2011|last=Dinh|first=James|date=September 28, 2011}}</ref> Some have defended her flamboyant and provocative behavior. "Well, she's Lady Gaga," [[Chris Rock]] said. "She's not 'Lady Behave Yourself.' Do you want great behavior from a person named Gaga? Is this what you were expecting?"<ref>{{cite web |title=Q&A with Chris Rock |url=http://www.danpatrick.com/?/blog/116941/index.html |last=Patrick |first=Dan |date=July 9, 2010 |publisher=CNN |accessdate= July 16, 2010}}</ref> As Gaga's choreographer and creative director, [[Laurieann Gibson]] provided material for her shows and videos for four years. However, the pair parted in November 2011; Gaga replacing her with Gibson's assistant [[Richard "Richy" Jackson (choreographer)|Richard Jackson]].<ref name="byebyegibson">{{cite news|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/music_blog/2011/11/lady-gaga-dismisses-longtime-creative-director-laurieann-gibson.html|first=Gerrick|last=Kennedy|title=Lady Gaga dismisses longtime creative director Laurieann Gibson|work=Los Angeles Times|date=November 14, 2011|accessdate=November 15, 2011}}</ref> Gaga admits to being a perfectionist when it comes to her elaborate shows. "I'm very bossy. I can scream my head off if I see one light fixture out. I'm very detailed&nbsp;– every minute of the show has got to be perfect."<ref name=parvis>{{cite book|last=Parvis|first=Sarah|title=Lady Gaga|year=2010|publisher=[[Andrews McMeel Publishing]]|isbn=0-7407-9795-6}}</ref> ===Public image=== While Chris Molanphy from ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' named Gaga the "Queen of Pop" in a ranking published by the magazine in 2011; public reception of Gaga's music, fashion sense and persona are mixed.<ref>{{cite web|title=Introducing the Queen of Pop|url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/introducing-the-queen-of-pop-20110629|date=June 29, 2011|accessdate=November 27, 2011|work=Rolling Stone|first=Chris|last=Molanphy}}</ref> Her status as a role model, self-esteem booster for her fans, trailblazer and fashion icon who breathes new life into the industry is by turns affirmed and denied.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2009/12/24/style/YEARGAGA1227_index.html |title=The Year in Style <nowiki>&#124;</nowiki> Lady Gaga |last=Buckner |first=Michael |date=December 28, 2009 |accessdate=June 17, 2010 |work=The New York Times }} * {{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/04/arts/music/04gaga.html |title=An Artist Whose Chief Work Is Herself |last=Caramanica |first=Jon |date=May 3, 2009 |accessdate=June 17, 2010 |work=The New York Times }} * {{cite news |url=http://newsroom.mtv.com/2009/07/27/lady-gaga-you-are-no-grace-jones/ |title=Lady Gaga, You Are No Grace Jones |last=Vineyard |first=Jennifer |date=July 7, 2009 |accessdate=June 17, 2010 |publisher=MTV}} * {{cite news |url=http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/newmusicalexpress/2110/lady-gaga-vs-roisin-murphyspot-the-difference/ |title=Lady Gaga Vs. Roisin Murphy&nbsp;– Spot The Difference |last=Lewis |first=Luke |date=August 9, 2009 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |publisher=Yahoo!|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20091117212236/http://new.music.yahoo.com/blogs/newmusicalexpress/2110/lady-gaga-vs-roisin-murphyspot-the-difference/|archivedate=November 17, 2009}} * {{cite news |url=http://www.hollywoodnews.com/2010/06/15/kylie-minogue-thinks-theres-an-element-of-her-in-lady-gaga/ |title=Kylie Minogue thinks there's an element of her in Lady Gaga |date=June 13, 2010 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |publisher=Hollywood News}}</ref> Gaga's albums have received mostly positive reviews and critics have pointed out her unique place in pop music, the need for new movements in popular culture, the attention Gaga brings to modern social issues, and the inherently subjective nature of her art.<ref name="influence3">{{cite web | url=http://www.metacritic.com/music/the-fame | title=Lady Gaga: The Fame | publisher=[[Metacritic]] | accessdate=January 9, 2009}} * {{cite journal |issn=1049-0434 |title=Is Lady GaGa a saviour of Pop? |last=Browne |first=David |date=January 9, 2010 |volume=1091 |issue=2 |work=Entertainment Weekly}} * {{cite news |url=http://out.com/detail.asp?id=26601 |title=Heather Cassils: Lady Gaga's Prison Yard Girlfriend |last=Andres |first=Joanna |date=April 9, 2010 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |work=[[Out (magazine)|Out]]}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.elle.com/Fashion/Fashion-Spotlight/Celebrity-Fashion-Lady-Gaga |title=Lady Gaga Fashion&nbsp;– Vote on 15 of Lady Gaga's Outfits |date=December 1, 2009 |accessdate=June 18, 2010 |work=Elle}}</ref> Gaga wore a [[Meat dress of Lady Gaga|dress made of raw beef]] to the [[2010 MTV Video Music Awards]] which was supplemented by boots, a purse, and a hat that were also all made out of raw beef.<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga's meat dress divides opinion |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/music-news/8001267/Lady-Gagas-meat-dress-divides-opinion.html |date=September 14, 2010 |accessdate=June 12, 2010 |last=Roberts |first= Laura |work=The Daily Telegraph }}</ref> Partly awarded in recognition of the dress, Vogue.com UK named her one of the Best Dressed people of 2010 while ''Time'' magazine's named the dress the Fashion Statement of 2010. However, it received divided opinions, attracting the attention of worldwide media but also invoking the fury of animal rights organization [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals|PETA]].<ref>[http://www.vogue.co.uk/celebrity-photos/101214-best-dressed-list-2010.aspx VOGUE.COM UK] ''VOGUE.COM UK''&nbsp;– The Best Dressed People of the Year 2010</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga&nbsp;– The Top 10 Everything of 2010&nbsp;– TIME |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2035319_2034464,00.html |last=Luscombe |first= Belinda |date=December 9, 2010 |accessdate=December 15, 2010 |work=Time}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Five interpretations of Gaga's meat dress |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-11297832 |date=September 14, 2010 |accessdate=June 12, 2010 |first=Denise |last=Winterman |first2= Jon |last2=Kelly |publisher=BBC (BBC Online)}}</ref> In view of her influence on modern culture and her rise to global fame, sociologist Mathieu Deflem of the [[University of South Carolina]] has organized a course titled "Lady Gaga and the Sociology of the Fame" since spring 2011 with the objective of unravelling "some of the sociologically relevant dimensions of the fame of Lady Gaga."<ref>{{cite news |title=US College Offering Lady GaGa Degree |url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/lady-gaga/news/244144-us-college-offering-lady-gaga-degree |publisher=MTV Networks |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |accessdate=November 3, 2010 |date=October 30, 2010}} * {{cite web |title=SOCY 398D&nbsp;– Lady Gaga and the Sociology of the Fame |first= Mathieu |last=Deflem |url=http://deflem.blogspot.com/2002/08/socy398d.html |accessdate=March 11, 2010}} * {{cite news| title = Beyond ABCs of Lady Gaga to the Sociology of Fame| author=Katharine Q. Seelye| date = October 28, 2010|work=The New York Times| url = http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/29/us/29gaga.html}}</ref> When Gaga briefly met with US president Barack Obama at a Human Rights Campaign fundraiser, he described the interaction as "intimidating" as she was dressed in 16-inch heels making her undoubtedly the tallest woman in the room.<ref>{{cite news | last = Dwyer | first = Devin | title = President Obama Calls Lady Gaga 'A Little Intimidating' | work = ABCNews | url = http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2011/10/president-obama-calls-lady-gaga-a-little-intimidating/ | accessdate = October 2, 2011 }}</ref> [[File:Gaga vax at Madame Tussauds London.jpg|thumb|left|170px|A wax sculpture of Gaga at [[Madame Tussauds London]]]] Towards the end of 2008, comparisons were made between the fashions of Gaga and recording artist [[Christina Aguilera]] that noted similarities in their styling, hair, and make-up.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /> Aguilera stated that she was "completely unaware of [Gaga]" and "didn't know if it [was] a man or a woman."<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /> When interviewed by [[Barbara Walters]] for her annual [[ABC News]] special ''[[Barbara Walters' 10 Most Fascinating People|10 Most Fascinating People]]'' in 2009, Gaga dismissed the claim that she is [[intersex]] as an [[urban legend]]. Responding to a question on this issue, she stated, "At first it was very strange and everyone sorta said, 'That's really quite a story!' But in a sense, I portray myself in a very [[androgyny|androgynous]] way, and I love androgyny."<ref name="walters">{{cite web |url=http://abcnews.go.com/video/playerIndex?id=9640579 |title=Lady Gaga: 'I Love Androgyny' |publisher=ABC News |accessdate=May 3, 2010 |last=Walters |first=Barbara |date=December 30, 2009 |authorlink=Barbara Walters}}</ref> In addition to Aguilera's statement, comparisons continued into 2010, when Aguilera released the music video of her single "[[Not Myself Tonight]]". Critics noted similarities between the song and its accompanying music video with Gaga's video for "Bad Romance".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wetpaint.com/the-voice/articles/2013-09-12-lady-gaga-christina-aguilera-beef|title=Lady Gaga Calls Christina Aguilera Feud "Total Nonsense" on Watch What Happens Live|last=McRady|first=Rachel|date=September 23, 2013|accessdate=September 28, 2013|publisher=[[Wetpaint]].com}}</ref> There have also been similar comparisons made between Gaga's style and that of fashion icon [[Dale Bozzio]] from the band [[Missing Persons (band)|Missing Persons]]. Some have considered their respective images to be strikingly parallel although fans of Missing Persons note that Bozzio had pioneered the look more than thirty years earlier.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://musicblog.dallasnews.com/archives/2009/12/dale-bozzio-should-be-flattere.html |title= Dale Bozzio should be flattered...maybe |last=Tarradell |first=Mario |date=December 14, 2009 |accessdate=November 3, 2010 |work=[[The Dallas Morning News]] |archiveurl=http://archive.is/Ki4b |archivedate=July 10, 2012}}</ref> While devout followers call Gaga "Mother Monster", Gaga often refers to her fans as "Little Monsters" which has been tattooed on "the arm that holds my [[Microphone|mic]]" in dedication.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga: Lording it|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2011/may/14/lady-gaga-interview|work=The Guardian |date=May 14, 2011|accessdate=February 11, 2012|first=Simon|last=Hattenstone}}</ref><ref name="monsters">{{cite news |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2010/02/03/2010-02-03_lady_gaga_dedicates_her_new_little_monsters_tattoo_to_her_fans.html |title=Lady Gaga dedicates her new 'Little Monsters' tattoo to her fans |work=Daily News |accessdate=April 2, 2010 |last=Odell |first=Amy |date=February 3, 2010}}</ref> To some, this [[dichotomy]] contravenes the concept of outsider culture. [[Camille Paglia]] in her 2010 cover story "Lady Gaga and the death of sex" in ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' asserts that Gaga "is more an identity thief than an erotic taboo breaker, a mainstream manufactured product who claims to be singing for the freaks, the rebellious and the dispossessed when she is none of those."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.shakenstir.co.uk/index.php/features/gaga-and-the-death-of-sex/features/20608/ |title=Lady Gaga and the death of sex|authorlink=Camille Paglia|last=Paglia|first=Camille|date=September 12, 2010|accessdate=October 4, 2010|work=The Sunday Times }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/opinion/lady-gagas-grab-for-attention-enough-to-make-you-gag/story-e6freri6-1225923966643 |title=Lady Gaga's grab for attention enough to make you gag|first=Jane |last=Fynes-Clinton|work=[[The Courier-Mail]]|date=September 15, 2010|accessdate=October 4, 2010}}</ref> Writing for ''The Guardian'', [[Kitty Empire]] opined that the dichotomy "...allows the viewer to have a 'transgressive' experience without being required to think. At [her performance's] core, though, is the idea that Gaga is at one with the freaks and outcasts. The Monster Ball is where we can all be free. This is arrant nonsense, as the scads of people buying Gaga's cunningly commercial music are not limited to the niche worlds of [[drag queen]]s and hip night creatures from which she draws her inspiration. But Gaga seems sincere."<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/feb/21/lady-gaga-men-arena-manchester|title=Lady Gaga at MEN arena, Manchester|date=February 21, 2010|accessdate=June 18, 2010|last=Empire|first=Kitty|work=The Guardian |location=london}}</ref> Gaga has also launched "[http://littlemonsters.com littlemonsters.com]", the first official [[Social networking service|social network]] devoted to [[Stan (fan)|fans]] of an artist that went online in July 2012.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bort|first=Julie|title=FIRST LOOKS: Lady Gaga Opens Her Own Social Network To The Public|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/first-looks-lady-gaga-opens-her-own-social-network-to-the-public-2012-7?op=1|publisher=Business Insider|accessdate=July 10, 2012}}</ref> In 2012, Gaga become a feature of a temporary exhibition ''The Elevated. From the Pharaoh to Lady Gaga'' marking the 150th anniversary of the [[National Museum, Warsaw|National Museum]] in [[Warsaw]].<ref name=warsawvoice>{{cite web |title=Those Elevated Ones. From the Pharaoh to Lady Gaga|url=http://www.warsawvoice.pl/baza_wydarzen/wydarzenie.php?layout=nwv&lang=en/24285|work=www.warsawvoice.pl|accessdate=July 6, 2012}}</ref> An exhibition devoted to the mechanisms and the iconography of power was co-financed from the [[Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (Poland)|Ministry of Culture and National Heritage]] funds.<ref name=warsawvoice /> Its purpose was to show the ubiquity of hierarchy from antiquity to the present.<ref name=warsawvoice /> The central showpiece of the exhibition was the effigy of two women who had achieved a high status in the society of its time.<ref name=wprost>{{cite web |title=Od faraona do Lady Gagi. Wywyższeni w warszawskim Muzeum Narodowym|url=http://www.wprost.pl/ar/322887/Od-faraona-do-Lady-Gagi-Wywyzszeni-w-warszawskim-Muzeum-Narodowym/|work=[[Wprost]]|publisher=Agencja Wydawniczo-Reklamowa Wprost|accessdate=July 6, 2012 |quote=Wizytówką wystawy jest zestawienie w holu muzeum wizerunków dwóch kobiet, które osiągnęły wysoki status w społeczeństwie swojej epoki. Jedna z nich, Dorota de Biron pochodziła z książęcego rodu i za sprawą urodzenia, ale też urody i intelektu, była powszechnie podziwianą osobistością późnego XVIII wieku, celebrytką ówczesnej kultury dworskiej. Amerykańska piosenkarka Lady Gaga, która na zdjęciu w muzeum prezentuje się w sukni z surowego mięsa to&nbsp;– zdaniem autorów wystawy&nbsp;– ikona współczesności, wywyższona poprzez władzę jaką sprawuje nad lansującymi ją mass mediami.}}</ref> Gaga was presented in a dress of raw meat, described by Polish weekly ''[[Wprost]]'' as "an icon of modernity elevated by the power which she exercises over mass media, a prominent specialist in creating her own image".<ref name=wprost /> The meat dress was later displayed at the [[National Museum of Women in the Arts]] located in [[Washington, D.C.]] with an explanation of her political message.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga's meat dress headed for D.C. museum|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-207_162-57507163/lady-gagas-meat-dress-headed-for-d.c-museum/|publisher=CBS News|accessdate=September 6, 2012|date=August 9, 2012}}</ref> A new genus of [[fern]]s, ''[[Gaga (genus)|Gaga]]'', and two new species, ''G. germanotta'' and ''G. monstraparva'' have been named in her honor. "The epithet "''monstraparva''" honors Gaga's fervent and loyal fans, her "little monsters." The official little monster greeting is the outstretched "monster claw" hand, which bears a striking resemblance to a tightly inrolled young fern leaf prior to unfurling."<ref>{{cite journal|author=Fay-Wei Li, Kathleen M. Pryer, Michael D. Windham|title=''Gaga'', a new fern genus segregated from ''Cheilanthes'' (Pteridaceae)|journal=Systematic Botany|volume=37|year=2012|pages=845–860|doi=10.1600/036364412X656626|issue=4}}</ref> ==Activism== ===Philanthropy=== [[File:LadyGaga-EqualityMarch-Crop.jpg|upright|thumb|Gaga delivering a speech at the 2009 [[National Equality March]]|alt=A blond woman wearing a white shirt and black glasses speaking on a lectern carrying a 'National Equality March' poster. Behind her is a white stone balustrade of a building.]] Besides her career in music, Gaga has also contributed to various charities. For natural disasters, Gaga has helped various relief efforts. Although declining an invitation to appear on the single "[[We Are the World 25 for Haiti|We Are the World 25]]" to benefit victims of the [[2010 Haiti earthquake]], she donated the proceeds of her January 24, 2010 concert at New York's [[Radio City Music Hall]] to the country's reconstruction relief fund.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Explains Her Absence From 'We Are The World' Recording |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1631353/lady-gaga-explains-her-absence-from-we-world-recording.jhtml |date=February 5, 2010 |accessdate=January 6, 2011 |publisher=MTV |first=Jocelyn |last=Vena}}</ref> All profits from her official online store on that day were also donated. Gaga announced that an estimated total of US$500,000 was collected for the fund.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1630614/20100127/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga Says She Raised $500,000 For Haiti Relief |last=Kaufman |first=Gil |date=January 27, 2010 |publisher=MTV |accessdate=January 6, 2011}}</ref> Hours after the [[2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami]] hit Japan on March 11, 2011, Gaga [[Twitter|tweeted]] a message and a link to Japan Prayer Bracelets. All revenue from a bracelet she designed in conjunction with the company was donated to relief efforts.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1659769/japanese-tsunami-bracelet-lady-gaga.jhtml |title= Lady Gaga Designs Japanese Tsunami Relief Wristband |date=March 21, 2011 |accessdate=March 29, 2011 |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |publisher=MTV }}</ref> As of March 29, 2011, the bracelets raised $1.5&nbsp;million.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://tech.fortune.cnn.com/2011/03/29/today-in-tech-lady-gaga-gives-to-zynga-apple-delaying-iphone-5/ |title=Today in Tech: Lady Gaga gives to Zynga, Apple delaying iPhone 5? |last=Mangalindan |first=JP |date=March 29, 2011 |accessdate=March 29, 2011 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> However, attorney Alyson Oliver filed a lawsuit against Gaga in Detroit in June 2011, noting that the bracelet was subject to a sales tax and an extra $3.99 shipping charge was added to the price. She also believed that not all proceeds from the bracelets would go to the relief efforts, demanding a public accounting of the campaign and refunds for people who had bought the bracelet. Gaga's spokesperson called the lawsuit "meritless" and "misleading".<ref name="msnbc-gaga-bracelet-lawsuit">{{cite news|url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/43582514/ns/us_news-giving/t/lady-gaga-sued-over-fundraising-japan/|title=Lady Gaga sued over fundraising for Japan|date=June 29, 2011|publisher=MSNBC|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=June 30, 2011}}</ref> On June 25, 2011, Gaga performed at [[MTV Japan]]'s charity show in [[Makuhari Messe]], which benefited the [[Japanese Red Cross]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Schwartz |first=Rob |title=Lady Gaga to Appear at MTV Japan Charity Event |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/472056/lady-gaga-to-appear-at-mtv-japan-charity-event |date=April 14, 2011 |accessdate= April 15, 2011 |work=Billboard}}</ref> In October 2012, Gaga was reported to have met the founder of [[Wikileaks]], [[Julian Assange]], at the Ecuadorean embassy in London.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2012/oct/09/lady-gaga-visits-julian-assange?newsfeed=true |title=Lady Gaga takes tea with |first=Julian |last=Assange |date=October 9, 2012|accessdate=November 21, 2013|work= The Guardian }}</ref> On October 9, 2012, [[Yoko Ono]] gave Gaga and four other activists the [[LennonOno Grant for Peace]] in [[Reykjavík]], [[Iceland]].<ref>{{cite web |last=|first=|title=Lennon Ono Grant For Peace 2012 awarded to Rachel Corrie, John Perkins, Christopher Hitchens, Pussy Riot and Lady Gaga|url=http://imaginepeace.com/archives/18529|date=October 5, 2012|accessdate= January 29, 2013 |work=Imagine Peace|publisher=}}</ref> On November 6, 2012, Gaga pledged to donate $1 million to the American Red Cross to help the victims of [[Hurricane Sandy]]. Gaga also contributes in the fight against [[HIV/AIDS|HIV and AIDS]], focusing on educating young women about the risks of the disease. In collaboration with [[Cyndi Lauper]], Gaga joined forces with [[Make-up Art Cosmetics|MAC Cosmetics]] to launch a line of lipstick under their supplementary cosmetic line, Viva Glam. In a press release, Gaga declared, "I don't want Viva Glam to be just a lipstick you buy to help a cause. I want it to be a reminder when you go out at night to put a condom in your purse right next to your lipstick."<ref>{{cite web |title=Going Gaga |url=http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity-lifestyle/celebrities/interviews/lady-gaga-interview |accessdate=January 6, 2011 |first=Ning |last=Chao |work=Marie Claire}}</ref> The sales of Gaga-endorsed Viva Glam lipstick and lipgloss have raised more than $202 million to fight HIV and AIDS.<ref name="forbesprofile" /> ===Born This Way Foundation=== {{Main|Born This Way Foundation}} In 2012, she launched the Born This Way Foundation (BTWF), a non-profit organization that focuses on youth empowerment and issues like self-confidence, well-being, anti-bullying, mentoring, and career development. It takes its name from the 2011 single and album. The foundation plans to work with a number of partners, including the [[John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation]], [[The California Endowment]] and the [[Berkman Center for Internet & Society]] at Harvard University.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga Launches Born This Way Foundation|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1673633/lady-gaga-born-this-way-foundation.jhtml|date=November 2, 2011|accessdate=December 12, 2011|first=Jocelyn|last=Vena|work=MTV}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2012/03/lady-gaga-launches-born-this-way-foundation-2/ |title=Lady Gaga Launches Born This Way Foundation |first= |last=|work=abcnews.go.com |date=March 1, 2012 |accessdate=March 4, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=[[The Times (South Africa)]] |date=June 25, 2012 | title=Lady Gaga's quest for kindness makes her 'Reel Cool' | first=Jackie |last=May}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=[[South China Morning Post]] |date=May 6, 2012 |title=She does it her way; Lady Gaga stands up for individuality|first=Leon |last=Lee}}</ref> Media proprietor [[Oprah Winfrey]], writer [[Deepak Chopra]], and [[United States Secretary of Health and Human Services]] [[Kathleen Sebelius]] spoke at the inauguration at [[Harvard University]].<ref>{{cite news |url= http://news.yahoo.com/lady-gaga-oprah-harvard-launch-singers-youth-empowerment-093047921.htmltml |title=Lady Gaga, Oprah at Harvard, launch singer’s youth-empowerment foundation |first= |last= |work=[[The Washington Post]] |date=February 29, 2012 |location=[[Washington, DC]] |issn=0190-8286 |accessdate=March 4, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/506141/oprah-teams-up-with-lady-gaga-for-born-this-way-foundation-launch |title=Oprah Teams Up With Lady Gaga for Born This Way Foundation Launch |publisher=Billboard |date=February 14, 2012 |accessdate=July 5, 2012}}</ref> The foundation's original funding included $1.2 million from Gaga, $500,000 from the MacArthur Foundation, and $850,000 from [[Barneys New York]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-284604503.html|title=Lady Gaga Testifies at Harvard on Behalf of Born This Way Foundation.|date=March 12, 2012|work=Mental Health Weekly Digest|accessdate=July 5, 2012}}</ref> The foundation works in partnership with the [[Berkman Center for Internet & Society]] at Harvard University, the [[John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation|MacArthur Foundation]], the [[California Endowment]],<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/oprah-winfrey-to-join-lady-gaga-for-born-this-way-foundation-launch-event-at-harvard-university-on-february-29th-139280133.html |title=Oprah Winfrey to Join Lady Gaga for Born This Way Foundation Launch |first= |last= |work=prnewswire.com |date=February 14, 2012 |accessdate=March 4, 2012}}</ref> and, as lead media partner, [[Viacom]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Loading Tumblr posts |url=http://bornthiswayfoundation.org/ |title=Born This Way Foundation |publisher=Born This Way Foundation |accessdate=July 6, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.viacom.com/2012/05/viacom-joins-forces-with-lady-gagas-born-this-way-foundation-as-its-lead-media-partner/ |title=Viacom Joins Forces with Lady Gaga’s Born This Way Foundation as its Lead Media Partner&nbsp;– Blog.Viacom |publisher=Blog.viacom.com |date=May 17, 2012 |accessdate=July 6, 2012}}</ref> In July 2012, the BTWF partnered with [[Office Depot]], which will donate 25% of the sales-a minimum of $1million-of a series of limited edition back-to-school products that promote the foundation's message<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.artistdirect.com/entertainment-news/article/lady-gaga-s-born-this-way-foundation-partners-with-office-depot/10171534 |title=Lady Gaga's Born This Way Foundation Partners With Office Depot&nbsp;– ARTISTdirect News |publisher=Artistdirect.com |accessdate=July 23, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://style.mtv.com/2012/07/16/born-this-way-foundation-bracelets-office-depot/ |title=MTV Style &#124; Born This Way Foundation Sells Bravery Bracelets At Office Depot |publisher=Style.mtv.com |date=July 16, 2012 |accessdate=July 23, 2012}}</ref> The foundation's initiatives have included, in March–April 2012, a poster competition that asked participants to submit images that answer the question "What does bravery mean to you?";<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bornthiswayfoundation.org/pages/born-this-way-foundation-poster-contest-official-rules |title=Poster Contest Official Rules |publisher=Born This Way Foundation |accessdate=July 6, 2012}}</ref> the "Born Brave Bus" that would follow her on tour as a youth drop-in center as an initiative against bullying;<ref>{{cite web|last=Krasny |first=Ros |url=http://in.reuters.com/article/2012/03/01/ladygaga-bullying-idINDEE81S0MX20120301 |title=Lady Gaga lends star wattage to youth empowerment|publisher=Reuters |date=March 1, 2012 |accessdate=July 5, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iol.co.za/capeargus/menace-of-cyber-bullies-1.1273529 |title=Menace of cyber bullies |publisher= [[Cape Argus]] |date=April 11, 2012 |accessdate=July 5, 2012}}</ref> and the "Born Brave" community and school groups.<ref>{{cite news|publisher=PR Newswire|date=June 28, 2012 |title=Born This Way Foundation Unveils 'Born Brave' Groups; Lady Gaga's foundation to launch community-based youth organizations nationwide}}</ref> ===LGBT advocacy=== [[File:DADT rally Lady Gaga.jpg|thumb|left|Gaga addresses the crowd at [[Servicemembers Legal Defense Network|SLDN]]'s "[[Don't ask, don't tell]]" rally in 2010]] Gaga is an outspoken activist for [[LGBT rights by country or territory|LGBT rights worldwide]].<ref name="activist">{{cite news |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/10/11/AR2009101101892_2.html |title=For Gay Activists, The Lady Is a Champ |accessdate=December 12, 2009 |last=Zak |first=Dan |date=October 12, 2009 |work=The Washington Post}}</ref> She attributes much of her early success as a mainstream artist to her [[homosexuality|gay]] fans and is considered a [[gay icon]].<ref name="fabmag">{{cite journal|page=45|volume=54|issue=9|title=Going Gaga |last=Thomas |first=Matt |publisher=[[Pink Triangle Press]] |work=[[fab (magazine)|Fab]] |date=July 9, 2009}}</ref> Early in her career she had difficulty getting [[airplay|radio airplay]], and stated, "The turning point for me was the gay community."<ref name="mtvgayicon">{{cite news |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1610781/20090506/lady_gaga.jhtml |title=Lady Gaga On Success: 'The Turning Point For Me Was The Gay Community' |last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |date=May 7, 2009 |publisher=MTV |accessdate=August 11, 2009}}</ref> She thanked FlyLife, a Manhattan-based [[LGBT]] marketing company with whom her label Interscope works, in the liner notes of ''The Fame''.<ref name="thefame">{{cite AV media notes |others=Lady Gaga |title=[[The Fame]] |type=Liner notes |publisher=[[Interscope Records]] |year=2008 |id=2726601}}</ref> One of her first televised performances was in May 2008 at the [[NewNowNext Awards]], an awards show aired by the LGBT television network [[Logo (TV channel)|Logo]].<ref name="newnownext">{{cite web |url=http://www.logotv.com/video/franchise.jhtml?ctid=1956 |title=NewNowNext Awards |accessdate=August 11, 2009 |date=May 3, 2008}}</ref> In June of the same year, she performed at the [[San Francisco Pride]] event.<ref name="sfpride">{{cite news |url=http://www.sfpride.org/celeb/mainstage_08.html |title=2008 Main Stage Line-Up |accessdate=August 11, 2009 |date=June 13, 2008 |publisher=[[San Francisco Pride]]}}</ref> After ''The Fame'' was released, she revealed that the song "Poker Face" was about her [[bisexuality]]. In an interview with ''Rolling Stone'', she spoke about how her boyfriends tended to react to her bisexuality, saying "The fact that I'm into women, they're all intimidated by it. It makes them uncomfortable. They're like, 'I don't need to have a threesome. I'm happy with just you'."<ref name="rsannual"/> When she appeared as a guest on ''[[The Ellen DeGeneres Show]]'' in May 2009, she praised DeGeneres for being "an inspiration for women and for the gay community".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://zeenews.india.com/entertainment/out-of-line/lady-gaga-knocks-out-ellen-degeneres_30233.html|title=Lady GaGa knocks out Ellen Degeneres|date=May 24, 2009|accessdate=September 26, 2013|publisher=[[Zee News]]}}</ref> She called the October 11, 2009, [[National Equality March]] rally on the [[National Mall]] "the single most important event of her career."<ref name="E!">{{cite news |url=http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/b148428_kanye_who_lady_gaga_teams_up_with.html |title=Kanye Who? Lady Gaga Teams Up With President Obama |accessdate=December 12, 2009 |first=Fowler |last=Brand |date=October 12, 2009 |work=[[E! Entertainment Television]] |publisher=E! Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621407/20090914/lady_gaga.jhtml | title=Lady Gaga's Shocking 2009 VMA Fashion Choices | date=August 14, 2009 | last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |publisher=MTV | accessdate=August 19, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga performs her version of 'Imagine' at the Human Rights Campaign dinner in Washington D.C |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2009/10/12/2009-10-12_lady_gaga_performs_her_version_of_imagine_at_the_human_rights_campaign_dinner_in.html |work=Daily News |date=December 10, 2009 |accessdate=June 12, 2010 |author=Carter, Nicole}}</ref> Gaga attended the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards accompanied by four gay and lesbian former members of the [[United States Armed Forces]] who had been unable to serve [[Coming out|openly]] under the U.S. military's "[[Don't ask, don't tell]]" (DADT) policy.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga Goes Political in Maine |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 20, 2010 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/21/us/politics/21gaga.html |last=Zezima |first=Katy |accessdate=September 21, 2010}}</ref> Gaga released three videos on YouTube urging her fans to contact their Senators in an effort to overturn DADT. In September 2010 she spoke at a [[Servicemembers Legal Defense Network]]'s rally in [[Portland, Maine|Portland]], Maine. Following this event, editors of ''[[The Advocate]]'' commented that she had become "the real fierce advocate" for gays and lesbians, one that Barack Obama had promised to be.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.advocate.com/News/Daily_News/2010/09/21/Lady_Gaga_Weve_Found_Our_Fierce_Advocate/ |title=Gaga: We've Found Our Fierce Advocate |accessdate=September 21, 2010 |date=September 28, 2010 |work=The Advocate}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Obama: I'm a 'Fierce Advocate' for Gay and Lesbians |work=The Washington Independent |date=December 8, 2008 |url=http://washingtonindependent.com/22526/obama-im-a-fierce-advocate-for-gay-and-lesbians |last=McGann |first=Laura |accessdate=September 28, 2010}}</ref> Gaga appeared at [[Europride]], a pan-European international event dedicated to LGBT pride, held in Rome in June 2011. She criticized the intolerant state of [[LGBT rights in Europe|gay rights in many European countries]] and described homosexuals as "revolutionaries of love".<ref name=mtvrome>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa Performs At EuroPride In Rome|url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/lady-gaga/news/276972-lady-gaga-europride-italy-gay-rights|date=June 13, 2011|accessdate=June 20, 2011|publisher=MTV}}</ref> {{-}} ==Achievements== {{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga}} {{Expand section|date=July 2014}} As of June 2014, she had sold an estimated 27 million albums and 125 million singles worldwide and her singles are some of the [[List of best-selling singles|best-selling worldwide]], making her one of [[List of best-selling music artists|the best-selling music artists]]. Gaga is also noted as a touring force as she has grossed more than $300 million in revenue from 3.2 million tickets for her first three worldwide concert tours.<ref name="tourforce">{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/legal-and-management/6114193/lady-gaga-and-manager-bobby-campbell-join-artist|title=Lady Gaga and Manager Bobby Campbell Join Artist Nation (Exclusive)|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|work=Billboard|date=June 11, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2014}}</ref> [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her other achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Award]]s. Gaga has consecutively appeared on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), ranked fourth in [[VH1]]'s list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, is the fourth best selling digital singles artist in US according to [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinum.php?content_selector=top-artists-digital-singles|title=RIAA&nbsp;– Top Artists (Digital Singles)|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|accessdate=July 28, 2013}}</ref> is regularly placed on lists composed by ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine, including their list of [[Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|The World's 100 Most Powerful Women]] from 2010 to 2014,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/power-women/|title=Power Women|date=May 28, 2014|accessdate=June 29, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> and was named one of the most influential people in the world by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Is Billboard's 2010 Artist of the Year, Ke$ha Takes Top New Act |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949522/lady-gaga-is-billboards-2010-artist-of-the-year-keha-takes-top-new-act |date=September 12, 2010 |author=Caulfield, Keith |work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref><ref name="forbesprofile">{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga |title=Lady Gaga Profile |work=Forbes |accessdate=October 8, 2010}}</ref> ==Discography== {{Main|Lady Gaga discography}} * ''[[The Fame]]'' (2008) * ''[[The Fame Monster]]'' (2009) * ''[[Born This Way]]'' (2011) * ''[[Artpop]]'' (2013) * ''[[Cheek to Cheek (album)|Cheek to Cheek]]'' (with [[Tony Bennett]]) (2014) ==Filmography== {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+ Television ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 2001 !scope="row"| ''[[The Sopranos]]'' | Classmate | "[[The Telltale Moozadell]]" ([[List of The Sopranos episodes#Season 3|Season 3]], episode 9), Uncredited |- | 2005 !scope="row"| ''[[Boiling Points]]'' | Herself |Pre-fame, Uncredited |- | 2009 !scope="row"| ''[[Gossip Girl]]'' |Herself | "[[The Last Days of Disco Stick]]" ([[List of Gossip Girl episodes#Season 3: 2009–10|Season 3]], episode 10), [[Cameo appearance]] |- | 2009 !scope="row"| ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' | Musical guest |"[[Ryan Reynolds]]/Lady Gaga" ([[Saturday Night Live (season 35)|Season 35]], episode 2) |- | 2010 !scope="row"| ''[[Double Exposure (American TV series)|Double Exposure]]'' | Herself | "No One Can Work Like This" |- | 2011 !scope="row"| ''[[American Idol]]'' | Mentor | [[American Idol (season 10)|Season 10]] |- |2011 !scope="row"|''Saturday Night Live'' |Musical guest |"[[Justin Timberlake]]/Lady Gaga" ([[Saturday Night Live (season 36)|Season 36]], episode 22) |- |2011 !scope="row"| ''[[So You Think You Can Dance]]'' | Guest judge | ([[So You Think You Can Dance (U.S. season 8)|Season 8]], episode 3) |- |2011 !scope="row"| ''[[Born to Dance (TV series)|Born to Dance]]'' | Herself | Season one |- |2011 !scope="row"| ''[[A Very Gaga Thanksgiving]]'' | Herself | [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] Special |- | 2011 !scope="row"| ''[[Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve with Ryan Seacrest]]'' | Herself | Performed and joined [[New York City]] Mayor [[Michael Bloomberg]] in dropping the [[Times Square Ball]]. |- |2012 !scope="row"| ''[[Oprah's Next Chapter]]'' | Herself | "Lady Gaga and Her Mother, Cynthia" ([[List of Oprah's Next Chapter episodes#Season One (2012)|Season one]], episodes 14–15) |- |2012 !scope="row"| ''[[The Simpsons]]'' | Herself | "[[Lisa Goes Gaga]]" ([[The Simpsons (season 23)|Season 23]], episode 22) |- | 2013 !scope="row"|''[[Lady Gaga and the Muppets' Holiday Spectacular]]'' | Herself | [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] Special |- |2013 !scope="row"|''Saturday Night Live'' |Musical guest/Host |"Lady Gaga" ([[Saturday Night Live (season 39)|Season 39]], episode 6) |} {| class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" |+ Film ! Year ! Title ! Role ! class="unsortable" | Notes |- | 2011 !scope="row"| ''[[Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden]]'' | Herself | Television film |- |2012 !scope="row"| ''[[Katy Perry: Part of Me]]'' | Herself | Cameo appearance |- |2013 !scope="row"| ''[[Machete Kills]]'' | La Chameleón | Nominated–[[Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Supporting Actress]] |- |2014 !scope="row"| ''[[Muppets Most Wanted]]'' |Herself |Cameo appearance |- | 2014 !scope="row"| ''[[Sin City: A Dame to Kill For]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=Joseph Gordon Levitt With Ramiros House|url=http://www.jamn945.com/media/podcast-interviews-Interviews/joseph-gordon-levitt-with-ramiros-house-23636944/|publisher=[[WJMN (FM){{!}}WJMN]]|author=MEdia Podcast|accessdate=August 28, 2013}}</ref> | The Waitress | |- |2014 !scope="row"| ''[[Kingsman: The Secret Service]]''<ref>{{cite web|title=The Secret Service: Lady Gaga to play herself in the film |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/news/the-secret-service-lady-gaga-to-play-herself-in-the-film/422512-8-67.html|accessdate=September 17, 2013 |date= September 17, 2013|publisher=[[IBN Live]]}}</ref> | | |} ==Concerts== {{col-begin}} {{col-2}} ;Headlining tours * [[The Fame Ball Tour]] (2009) * [[The Monster Ball Tour]] (2009–11) * [[Born This Way Ball]] (2012–13) * [[ArtRave: The Artpop Ball]] (2014) ;Co-headlining tours * [[Fame Kills: Starring Kanye West and Lady Gaga]] (2009–10; canceled) {{col-2}} ;Residency shows * [[Lady Gaga Live at Roseland Ballroom]] (2014) ;Promotional concerts *[[ArtRave]] (2013) {{col-end}} ==See also== {{Wikipedia books|Lady Gaga}} * [[Honorific nicknames in popular music]] * [[List of Billboard Social 50 number-one artists]] * [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga]] {{Clear}} ==References== {{reflist|colwidth=30em}} ==Further reading== {{refbegin}} * {{Cite book| last = Goodman| first= Elizabeth| year = 2010| title = Lady Gaga: Critical Mass Fashion| publisher=[[St. Martin's Press]]| isbn = 0-312-66840-6}} * {{Cite book| editor = Gray, Richard J.| title = The Performance Identities of Lady Gaga : Critical Essays| year = 2012| publisher = [[McFarland & Company]]| location = Jefferson, N.C.| isbn = 0-7864-6830-0}} * {{Cite book | last = Halberstam| first = J. Jack | title = Gaga Feminism : Sex, Gender, and the End of Normal| year = 2012| publisher = Beacon Press| location = [[Boston]]| isbn = 978-0-8070-1098-3}} * {{Cite book| last = Herbert| first = Emily| year = 2010| title = [[Lady Gaga: Queen of Pop]]| publisher=[[John Blake Publishing]]| isbn = 978-1-84454-963-4}} * {{Cite book| last = Morgan| first = Johnny| title = Gaga| year = 2010| publisher=[[Sterling Publishing]]| isbn = 1-4027-8059-1}} * {{Cite book| last = Parvis| first = Sarah| title = Lady Gaga| year = 2010| publisher=[[Andrews McMeel Publishing]]| isbn = 0-7407-9795-6}} * {{Cite book| last = Phoenix| first = Helia| year = 2010| title = Lady Gaga: Just Dance—The Biography| publisher=[[Orion Publishing Group]]| isbn = 978-1-4091-1567-0}} * [http://bnreview.barnesandnoble.com/t5/Rock-Roll/Monster-Anthems/ba-p/5087 Monster Anthems] (2011) by [[Robert Christgau]] {{refend}} ==External links== {{Sister project links|wikt=no |commons=Lady Gaga |b=no |n=no |q=Lady Gaga |s=no |v=no |species=no| voy=no |d=Q19848}} * {{official website|www.ladygaga.com}} * {{IMDb name|3078932}} * {{Rotten Tomatoes person|lady_gaga}} * {{Dmoz|Arts/Music/Bands_and_Artists/L/Lady_Gaga/}} {{Lady Gaga}} {{Lady Gaga songs}} {{Navboxes | title = [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Awards for Lady Gaga]] | list = {{UK best-selling singles (by year)}} {{Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album}} {{Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance}} {{Grammy Award for Best Dance/Electronica Album}} {{Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording}} {{Grammy Award for Best Music Video}} {{MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year}} }} {{Authority control|LCCN=no/2008/179258|VIAF=220974042}} {{Good article}} {{Persondata |NAME = Germanotta, Stefani Joanne Angelina |ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Lady Gaga |SHORT DESCRIPTION = American pop singer |DATE OF BIRTH = March 28, 1986 |PLACE OF BIRTH = New York City, New York, U.S. }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Lady Gaga}} [[Category:Lady Gaga]] [[Category:1986 births]] [[Category:21st-century American actresses]] [[Category:21st-century American businesspeople]] [[Category:21st-century American singers]] [[Category:Actresses from New York City]] [[Category:American Roman Catholics]] [[Category:American contraltos]] [[Category:American cosmetics businesspeople]] [[Category:American electronic musicians]] [[Category:American fashion businesspeople]] [[Category:American female dancers]] [[Category:American fashion designers]] [[Category:American female pop singer-songwriters]] [[Category:American multi-instrumentalists]] [[Category:American music industry executives]] [[Category:American music video directors]] [[Category:American people of French descent]] [[Category:American people of Italian descent]] [[Category:American performance artists]] [[Category:American philanthropists]] [[Category:American pianists]] [[Category:American record producers]] [[Category:American synthpop musicians]] [[Category:Anti-bullying activists]] [[Category:Bisexual actors]] [[Category:Bisexual feminists]] [[Category:Bisexual musicians]] [[Category:Bisexual women]] [[Category:Brit Award winners]] [[Category:Businesspeople from New York City]] [[Category:Echo winners]] [[Category:English-language singers]] [[Category:Female music video directors]] [[Category:Feminist musicians]] [[Category:Grammy Award-winning artists]] [[Category:HIV/AIDS activists]] [[Category:Interscope Records artists]] [[Category:Keytarists]] [[Category:LGBT businesspeople from the United States]] [[Category:LGBT dancers]] [[Category:LGBT directors]] [[Category:LGBT fashion designers]] [[Category:LGBT musicians from the United States]] [[Category:LGBT people from New York]] [[Category:LGBT rights activists from the United States]] [[Category:LGBT Roman Catholics]] [[Category:LGBT singers]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:NME Awards winners]] [[Category:People from Manhattan]] [[Category:People with lupus]] [[Category:Singers from New York City]] [[Category:Songwriters from New York]] [[Category:Sony/ATV Music Publishing artists]] [[Category:Tisch School of the Arts alumni]] [[Category:Webby Award winners]] {{Link FA|es}} {{Link FA|id}} {{Link GA|ar}} {{Link GA|ko}} {{Link GA|pt}} {{Link GA|tr}}'
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff)
'@@ -38,14 +38,11 @@ }} | website = {{URL|ladygaga.com}} }} +'''Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|ɛ|f|ə|n|iː|_|dʒ|ɜr|m|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|t|ə}} {{Respell|STE|fə-nee}} {{Respell|jur-mə|not|ə}}; born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name '''Lady Gaga''', is an American singer. Born and raised in [[New York City]], she initially performed in theatre, appearing in high school plays and briefly studying at [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)|CAP21]] through [[New York University]]'s [[Tisch School of the Arts]] before dropping out to pursue a musical career. After leaving a short-lived [[Rock band|rock]] band, participating in the [[Lower East Side]]'s [[avant garde]] performance art circuit, and being quickly dropped from a contract with [[Def Jam Recordings]], she worked as a songwriter for [[Sony/ATV Music Publishing]]. There, singer [[Akon]] noticed her vocal abilities and helped her sign a joint deal with [[Interscope Records]] and his own [[KonLive Distribution]]. -'''Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|ɛ|f|ə|n|iː|_|dʒ|ɜr|m|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|t|ə}} {{Respell|STE|fə-nee}} {{Respell|jur-mə|not|ə}}; born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name '''Lady Gaga''', is an American singer. She was born, raised, and lives in [[New York City]].<ref name=ForbesProfile>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga|url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga/|accessdate=March 8, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Gaga studied at the [[Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York City)|Convent of the Sacred Heart]] before briefly attending [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)]]. She withdrew from CAP21 to focus on her musical career. She soon began performing in the rock music scene of [[Manhattan]]'s [[Lower East Side]]. By the end of 2007, record executive and producer [[Vincent Herbert]] signed her to his label Streamline Records, an imprint of [[Interscope Records]]. Initially working as a songwriter at Interscope Records, her vocal abilities captured the attention of recording artist [[Akon]], who also signed her to [[Kon Live Distribution]], his own label under Interscope. +She rose to fame with her debut album ''[[The Fame]]'' (2008), a critical and commercial success which produced global chart-topping singles such as "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" and "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]"; a follow-up EP, ''[[The Fame Monster]]'' (2009), was met with similar reception and spawned the hits "[[Bad Romance]]", "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", and "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]". Her second full-length album ''[[Born This Way]]'' was released in 2011, topping the charts in more than 20 countries, including the United States, where it sold over one million copies in its first week. Her third album ''[[Artpop]]'', released in 2013, topped the U.S. charts and included the hit singles "[[Applause (Lady Gaga song)|Applause]]" and "[[Do What U Want]]", though critics noted its commercial underperformance compared to her previous efforts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/nickmessitte/2013/12/13/artpop-goes-the-weasel-3-glimpses-into-the-deflation-of-a-superstar/|title=Artpop Goes The Weasel: Three Glimpses Into The Deflation Of A Superstar|last=Messitte|first=Nick|date=December 13, 2013|work=[[Forbes]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/victoria-sadler/lady-gaga-what-next_b_4613024.html|title=What Next for Lady Gaga?|last=Sadler|first=Victoria|date=March 18, 2014|work=[[Huffington Post]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/11/rosen-on-gagas-weak-sales-and-weaker-album.html|title=Rosen on Lady Gaga’s Weak Sales (and Weaker Album)|last=Rosen|first=Jody|date=November 22, 2013|work={{noitalic|[[New York (magazine)|Vulture]]}}|publisher=New York Media LLC|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1717843/lady-gaga-artpop-flop/|title=Here’s Why You Shouldn’t Judge Lady Gaga On ARTPOP Sales Alone|last=Kaufman|first=Gil|date=November 20, 2013|work={{noitalic|[[MTV News}}]]|publisher=[[Viacom]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref> -Gaga rose to prominence with her August 2008 debut album, ''[[The Fame]]'', which was a critical and commercial success. The record included the international number-one tracks "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" and "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]". In November 2009, her [[extended play]], ''[[The Fame Monster]]'', was released to a similar reception, and produced the hit singles "[[Bad Romance]]", "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", and "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]". Gaga's second studio album, ''[[Born This Way]]'', was released in May 2011 and topped albums charts in most major markets. It was preceded by the chart-topping songs "[[Born This Way (song)|Born This Way]]", "[[Judas (Lady Gaga song)|Judas]]", and "[[The Edge of Glory]]". After taking a sabbatical for a hip injury and the cancellation of the remaining dates of the [[Born This Way Ball Tour]], Gaga's third album ''[[Artpop]]'' was released in November 2013, and became her second number one album in the US. - -Influenced by [[David Bowie]], [[Michael Jackson]], [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]], and [[Queen (band)|Queen]], Gaga is recognized for her flamboyant, diverse, and outré contributions to the music industry through her fashion, performances, and music videos. As of June 2014, she had sold an estimated 27 million albums and 125 million singles worldwide and her singles are some of the [[List of best-selling singles|best-selling worldwide]], making her one of [[List of best-selling music artists|the best-selling music artists]]. Gaga is also noted as a touring force as she has grossed more than $300 million in revenue from 3.2 million tickets for her first three worldwide concert tours.<ref name="tourforce">{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/legal-and-management/6114193/lady-gaga-and-manager-bobby-campbell-join-artist|title=Lady Gaga and Manager Bobby Campbell Join Artist Nation (Exclusive)|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=June 11, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2014}}</ref> [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her other achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Award]]s. - -Gaga has consecutively appeared on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), ranked fourth in [[VH1]]'s list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, is the fourth best selling digital singles artist in US according to [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinum.php?content_selector=top-artists-digital-singles|title=RIAA&nbsp;– Top Artists (Digital Singles)|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|accessdate=July 28, 2013}}</ref> is regularly placed on lists composed by ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine, including their list of [[Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|The World's 100 Most Powerful Women]] from 2010 to 2014,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/power-women/|title=Power Women|date=May 28, 2014|accessdate=June 29, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> and was named one of the most influential people in the world by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Is Billboard's 2010 Artist of the Year, Ke$ha Takes Top New Act |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949522/lady-gaga-is-billboards-2010-artist-of-the-year-keha-takes-top-new-act |date=September 12, 2010 |author=Caulfield, Keith |work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref><ref name="forbesprofile">{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga |title=Lady Gaga Profile |work=[[Forbes]] |accessdate=October 8, 2010}}</ref> +Gaga is noted for her flamboyant and diverse contributions to the music industry via her fashion, live performances, and music videos. With global album and single sales of 27 million and 125 million, respectively, as of June 2014, she is one of the [[List of best-selling music artists|best-selling musicians of all time]]. [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Awards]]. She regularly appears on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Artists of the Year lists and ''[[Forbes]]''' power and earnings rankings, and was named one of the world's most influential people by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' in 2010. Outside of her music, she is noted for her philanthropic endeavors and activism for [[LGBT rights]]. ==Life and career== ===1986–2004: Early life=== @@ -61,7 +58,7 @@ Fusari claims to have created the "Lady Gaga" moniker after the Queen song "[[Radio Ga Ga]]". Gaga was in the process of trying to come up with a stage name when she received a text message from Fusari that read "Lady Gaga." He explained, "Every day, when Stef came to the studio, instead of saying hello, I would start singing 'Radio Ga Ga'. That was her entrance song" and that the text message was the result of a [[T9 (predictive text)|predictive text]] glitch that changed "radio" to "lady". She texted back, "That's it," and declared, "Don't ever call me Stefani again."<ref name="Nj.com">{{cite news | first=Lisa | last=Rose |title=Lady Gaga's outrageous persona born in Parsippany, New Jersey | date=January 21, 2010 | url =http://www.nj.com/entertainment/music/index.ssf/2010/01/lady_gaga_her_outrageous_perso.html | work=[[The Star-Ledger]] |accessdate = January 23, 2010}}</ref><ref name="Contactmusic.com"/> -Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced [[Synthpop|electropop]] tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/lady-gaga-new-ep |title=Lady Gaga unleashes an electro-pop 'Monster' |last=Resende|first=Sasha|date=December 9, 2009|accessdate=June 27, 2014|work=The Michigan Daily|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> Joshua Sarubin, the head of [[Artists and repertoire|A&R]] at [[Def Jam Recordings]], responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her "unusual and provocative" performance. After having his boss [[L.A. Reid|Antonio "L.A." Reid]] in agreement, Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.<ref name="jmgaga"/> However, she was dropped by the label after only three months&nbsp;– a period of her life that would later inspire her [[Film treatment|treatment]] for the music video for her 2011 single "Marry the Night".<ref name="Allmusic bio">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic |class=artist |id=lady-gaga-p1055684 |pure_url=yes}} |title=Lady Gaga |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=[[Allmusic]]. [[Rovi Corporation]] |accessdate=January 3, 2010}}</ref> Devastated, Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side. She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging [[neo-burlesque]] shows, [[go-go dancing]] at bars dressed in little more than a bikini in addition to experimenting with drugs.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/> Her relationship with Fusari also ended in January 2007.<ref name=Fusari2>{{cite journal|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/958922/lady-gaga-sued-by-producer-rob-fusari |title=Lady Gaga Sued By Producer Rob Fusari |magazine=Billboard |publisher=Prometheus Global Media |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> She became a go-go dancer at St. Jerome's, a Rivington Street [[Dive bar|dive]] in New York's lower East Side.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga's early days: "The sexual energy was palpable. You could smell it"|url=http://www.salon.com/2013/08/27/lady_gagas_early_days_the_sexual_energy_was_palpable_you_could_smell_it/singleton/|accessdate=September 2, 2013|newspaper=[[Salon (website)|Salon]]|date=August 27, 2013}}</ref> Her father Joe, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="Contactmusic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/info/lady_gaga |title=Lady GaGa Profile |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |publisher=[[Contactmusic.com]] }}</ref> "I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to [[Black Sabbath]] and singing songs about [[oral sex]]. The kids would scream and cheer and then we'd all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself."<ref name="always-famous"/> It was then when she became romantically involved with a [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film ''[[Grease (film)|Grease]]'': "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.<ref name="rsannual">{{cite journal |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=May 30, 2009 |title=The Rise of Lady Gaga |journal=Rolling Stone |location=New York |volume=1080 |issue=43 |issn=0035-791X}}</ref> +Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced [[Synthpop|electropop]] tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/lady-gaga-new-ep |title=Lady Gaga unleashes an electro-pop 'Monster' |last=Resende|first=Sasha|date=December 9, 2009|accessdate=June 27, 2014|work=The Michigan Daily|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> Joshua Sarubin, the head of [[Artists and repertoire|A&R]] at [[Def Jam Recordings]], responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her "unusual and provocative" performance. After having his boss [[L.A. Reid|Antonio "L.A." Reid]] in agreement, Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.<ref name="jmgaga"/> However, she was dropped by the label after only three months&nbsp;– a period of her life that would later inspire her [[Film treatment|treatment]] for the music video for her 2011 single "Marry the Night".<ref name="Allmusic bio">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic |class=artist |id=lady-gaga-p1055684 |pure_url=yes}} |title=Lady Gaga |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=[[Allmusic]]. [[Rovi Corporation]] |accessdate=January 3, 2010}}</ref> Devastated, Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side. She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging [[neo-burlesque]] shows, [[go-go dancing]] at bars dressed in little more than a bikini in addition to experimenting with drugs.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/> Her relationship with Fusari also ended in January 2007.<ref name=Fusari2>{{cite journal|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/958922/lady-gaga-sued-by-producer-rob-fusari |title=Lady Gaga Sued By Producer Rob Fusari |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]] |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> She became a go-go dancer at St. Jerome's, a Rivington Street [[Dive bar|dive]] in New York's lower East Side.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga's early days: "The sexual energy was palpable. You could smell it"|url=http://www.salon.com/2013/08/27/lady_gagas_early_days_the_sexual_energy_was_palpable_you_could_smell_it/singleton/|accessdate=September 2, 2013|newspaper=[[Salon (website)|Salon]]|date=August 27, 2013}}</ref> Her father Joe, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="Contactmusic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/info/lady_gaga |title=Lady GaGa Profile |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |publisher=[[Contactmusic.com]] }}</ref> "I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to [[Black Sabbath]] and singing songs about [[oral sex]]. The kids would scream and cheer and then we'd all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself."<ref name="always-famous"/> It was then when she became romantically involved with a [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film ''[[Grease (film)|Grease]]'': "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.<ref name="rsannual">{{cite journal |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=May 30, 2009 |title=The Rise of Lady Gaga |journal=Rolling Stone |location=New York |volume=1080 |issue=43 |issn=0035-791X}}</ref> [[File:Gaga at bazaar.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Gaga performing in a bar, sporting one of her earlier looks, October 2008|alt=Full right profile of a young blond woman, surrounded by sitting spectators in a pub. She wears a black leotard and her long hair falls around her side. With her right hand she holds a pair of video sunglasses to her eyes.]] During this time, she met performance artist [[Lady Starlight]], who helped mold her on-stage persona.<ref name="Blast">{{cite news |url=http://www.thaindian.com/newsportal/entertainment/meet-the-woman-who-inspired-lady-gaga_100324226.html |title=Meet the woman who inspired Lady Gaga |last=Cassis |first=Christine |date=February 22, 2010 |publisher=Thaindian News |accessdate=February 3, 2010}}</ref> Starlight explained that, upon their first meeting, Gaga wanted to perform with her to songs she had recorded with Fusari. Like SGBand, the pair soon began performing at many of the downtown club venues like the [[Mercury Lounge]], The Bitter End, and the Rockwood Music Hall. Their live performance art piece was known as "Lady Gaga and the Starlight Revue" and, billed as "The Ultimate Pop Burlesque Rockshow", was a low-fi tribute to 1970s variety acts.<ref name="seattleweekly">{{cite news |url=http://www.seattleweekly.com/2008-11-19/music/lady-gaga-some-like-it-pop/ |title=Lady GaGa: Some Like it Pop |last=Hobart |first=Erika |date=November 18, 2008 |work=[[Seattle Weekly]] |accessdate=January 10, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/535267 |title=Lady Gaga |date= July 9, 2007 |publisher=[[Broadcast Music Incorporated]] |accessdate=February 26, 2009}}</ref> @@ -221,6 +218,13 @@ She called the October 11, 2009, [[National Equality March]] rally on the [[National Mall]] "the single most important event of her career."<ref name="E!">{{cite news |url=http://uk.eonline.com/uberblog/b148428_kanye_who_lady_gaga_teams_up_with.html |title=Kanye Who? Lady Gaga Teams Up With President Obama |accessdate=December 12, 2009 |first=Fowler |last=Brand |date=October 12, 2009 |work=[[E! Entertainment Television]] |publisher=E! Online}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621407/20090914/lady_gaga.jhtml | title=Lady Gaga's Shocking 2009 VMA Fashion Choices | date=August 14, 2009 | last=Vena |first=Jocelyn |publisher=MTV | accessdate=August 19, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga performs her version of 'Imagine' at the Human Rights Campaign dinner in Washington D.C |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/gossip/2009/10/12/2009-10-12_lady_gaga_performs_her_version_of_imagine_at_the_human_rights_campaign_dinner_in.html |work=Daily News |date=December 10, 2009 |accessdate=June 12, 2010 |author=Carter, Nicole}}</ref> Gaga attended the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards accompanied by four gay and lesbian former members of the [[United States Armed Forces]] who had been unable to serve [[Coming out|openly]] under the U.S. military's "[[Don't ask, don't tell]]" (DADT) policy.<ref>{{cite news |title=Lady Gaga Goes Political in Maine |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 20, 2010 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/21/us/politics/21gaga.html |last=Zezima |first=Katy |accessdate=September 21, 2010}}</ref> Gaga released three videos on YouTube urging her fans to contact their Senators in an effort to overturn DADT. In September 2010 she spoke at a [[Servicemembers Legal Defense Network]]'s rally in [[Portland, Maine|Portland]], Maine. Following this event, editors of ''[[The Advocate]]'' commented that she had become "the real fierce advocate" for gays and lesbians, one that Barack Obama had promised to be.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.advocate.com/News/Daily_News/2010/09/21/Lady_Gaga_Weve_Found_Our_Fierce_Advocate/ |title=Gaga: We've Found Our Fierce Advocate |accessdate=September 21, 2010 |date=September 28, 2010 |work=The Advocate}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Obama: I'm a 'Fierce Advocate' for Gay and Lesbians |work=The Washington Independent |date=December 8, 2008 |url=http://washingtonindependent.com/22526/obama-im-a-fierce-advocate-for-gay-and-lesbians |last=McGann |first=Laura |accessdate=September 28, 2010}}</ref> Gaga appeared at [[Europride]], a pan-European international event dedicated to LGBT pride, held in Rome in June 2011. She criticized the intolerant state of [[LGBT rights in Europe|gay rights in many European countries]] and described homosexuals as "revolutionaries of love".<ref name=mtvrome>{{cite web|title=Lady GaGa Performs At EuroPride In Rome|url=http://www.mtv.co.uk/artists/lady-gaga/news/276972-lady-gaga-europride-italy-gay-rights|date=June 13, 2011|accessdate=June 20, 2011|publisher=MTV}}</ref> {{-}} +==Achievements== +{{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga}} +{{Expand section|date=July 2014}} +As of June 2014, she had sold an estimated 27 million albums and 125 million singles worldwide and her singles are some of the [[List of best-selling singles|best-selling worldwide]], making her one of [[List of best-selling music artists|the best-selling music artists]]. Gaga is also noted as a touring force as she has grossed more than $300 million in revenue from 3.2 million tickets for her first three worldwide concert tours.<ref name="tourforce">{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/legal-and-management/6114193/lady-gaga-and-manager-bobby-campbell-join-artist|title=Lady Gaga and Manager Bobby Campbell Join Artist Nation (Exclusive)|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|work=Billboard|date=June 11, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2014}}</ref> [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her other achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Award]]s. + +Gaga has consecutively appeared on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), ranked fourth in [[VH1]]'s list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, is the fourth best selling digital singles artist in US according to [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinum.php?content_selector=top-artists-digital-singles|title=RIAA&nbsp;– Top Artists (Digital Singles)|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|accessdate=July 28, 2013}}</ref> is regularly placed on lists composed by ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine, including their list of [[Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|The World's 100 Most Powerful Women]] from 2010 to 2014,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/power-women/|title=Power Women|date=May 28, 2014|accessdate=June 29, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> and was named one of the most influential people in the world by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Is Billboard's 2010 Artist of the Year, Ke$ha Takes Top New Act |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949522/lady-gaga-is-billboards-2010-artist-of-the-year-keha-takes-top-new-act |date=September 12, 2010 |author=Caulfield, Keith |work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref><ref name="forbesprofile">{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga |title=Lady Gaga Profile |work=Forbes |accessdate=October 8, 2010}}</ref> + ==Discography== {{Main|Lady Gaga discography}} * ''[[The Fame]]'' (2008) '
Lines added in edit (added_lines)
[ 0 => ''''Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|ɛ|f|ə|n|iː|_|dʒ|ɜr|m|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|t|ə}} {{Respell|STE|fə-nee}} {{Respell|jur-mə|not|ə}}; born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name '''Lady Gaga''', is an American singer. Born and raised in [[New York City]], she initially performed in theatre, appearing in high school plays and briefly studying at [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)|CAP21]] through [[New York University]]'s [[Tisch School of the Arts]] before dropping out to pursue a musical career. After leaving a short-lived [[Rock band|rock]] band, participating in the [[Lower East Side]]'s [[avant garde]] performance art circuit, and being quickly dropped from a contract with [[Def Jam Recordings]], she worked as a songwriter for [[Sony/ATV Music Publishing]]. There, singer [[Akon]] noticed her vocal abilities and helped her sign a joint deal with [[Interscope Records]] and his own [[KonLive Distribution]].', 1 => 'She rose to fame with her debut album ''[[The Fame]]'' (2008), a critical and commercial success which produced global chart-topping singles such as "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" and "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]"; a follow-up EP, ''[[The Fame Monster]]'' (2009), was met with similar reception and spawned the hits "[[Bad Romance]]", "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", and "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]". Her second full-length album ''[[Born This Way]]'' was released in 2011, topping the charts in more than 20 countries, including the United States, where it sold over one million copies in its first week. Her third album ''[[Artpop]]'', released in 2013, topped the U.S. charts and included the hit singles "[[Applause (Lady Gaga song)|Applause]]" and "[[Do What U Want]]", though critics noted its commercial underperformance compared to her previous efforts.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.forbes.com/sites/nickmessitte/2013/12/13/artpop-goes-the-weasel-3-glimpses-into-the-deflation-of-a-superstar/|title=Artpop Goes The Weasel: Three Glimpses Into The Deflation Of A Superstar|last=Messitte|first=Nick|date=December 13, 2013|work=[[Forbes]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/victoria-sadler/lady-gaga-what-next_b_4613024.html|title=What Next for Lady Gaga?|last=Sadler|first=Victoria|date=March 18, 2014|work=[[Huffington Post]]|publisher=[[AOL]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.vulture.com/2013/11/rosen-on-gagas-weak-sales-and-weaker-album.html|title=Rosen on Lady Gaga’s Weak Sales (and Weaker Album)|last=Rosen|first=Jody|date=November 22, 2013|work={{noitalic|[[New York (magazine)|Vulture]]}}|publisher=New York Media LLC|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/1717843/lady-gaga-artpop-flop/|title=Here’s Why You Shouldn’t Judge Lady Gaga On ARTPOP Sales Alone|last=Kaufman|first=Gil|date=November 20, 2013|work={{noitalic|[[MTV News}}]]|publisher=[[Viacom]]|accessdate=July 18, 2014}}</ref>', 2 => 'Gaga is noted for her flamboyant and diverse contributions to the music industry via her fashion, live performances, and music videos. With global album and single sales of 27 million and 125 million, respectively, as of June 2014, she is one of the [[List of best-selling music artists|best-selling musicians of all time]]. [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Awards]]. She regularly appears on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Artists of the Year lists and ''[[Forbes]]''' power and earnings rankings, and was named one of the world's most influential people by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' in 2010. Outside of her music, she is noted for her philanthropic endeavors and activism for [[LGBT rights]].', 3 => 'Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced [[Synthpop|electropop]] tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/lady-gaga-new-ep |title=Lady Gaga unleashes an electro-pop 'Monster' |last=Resende|first=Sasha|date=December 9, 2009|accessdate=June 27, 2014|work=The Michigan Daily|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> Joshua Sarubin, the head of [[Artists and repertoire|A&R]] at [[Def Jam Recordings]], responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her "unusual and provocative" performance. After having his boss [[L.A. Reid|Antonio "L.A." Reid]] in agreement, Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.<ref name="jmgaga"/> However, she was dropped by the label after only three months&nbsp;– a period of her life that would later inspire her [[Film treatment|treatment]] for the music video for her 2011 single "Marry the Night".<ref name="Allmusic bio">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic |class=artist |id=lady-gaga-p1055684 |pure_url=yes}} |title=Lady Gaga |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=[[Allmusic]]. [[Rovi Corporation]] |accessdate=January 3, 2010}}</ref> Devastated, Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side. She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging [[neo-burlesque]] shows, [[go-go dancing]] at bars dressed in little more than a bikini in addition to experimenting with drugs.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/> Her relationship with Fusari also ended in January 2007.<ref name=Fusari2>{{cite journal|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/958922/lady-gaga-sued-by-producer-rob-fusari |title=Lady Gaga Sued By Producer Rob Fusari |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]] |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> She became a go-go dancer at St. Jerome's, a Rivington Street [[Dive bar|dive]] in New York's lower East Side.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga's early days: "The sexual energy was palpable. You could smell it"|url=http://www.salon.com/2013/08/27/lady_gagas_early_days_the_sexual_energy_was_palpable_you_could_smell_it/singleton/|accessdate=September 2, 2013|newspaper=[[Salon (website)|Salon]]|date=August 27, 2013}}</ref> Her father Joe, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="Contactmusic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/info/lady_gaga |title=Lady GaGa Profile |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |publisher=[[Contactmusic.com]] }}</ref> "I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to [[Black Sabbath]] and singing songs about [[oral sex]]. The kids would scream and cheer and then we'd all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself."<ref name="always-famous"/> It was then when she became romantically involved with a [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film ''[[Grease (film)|Grease]]'': "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.<ref name="rsannual">{{cite journal |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=May 30, 2009 |title=The Rise of Lady Gaga |journal=Rolling Stone |location=New York |volume=1080 |issue=43 |issn=0035-791X}}</ref>', 4 => '==Achievements==', 5 => '{{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga}}', 6 => '{{Expand section|date=July 2014}}', 7 => 'As of June 2014, she had sold an estimated 27 million albums and 125 million singles worldwide and her singles are some of the [[List of best-selling singles|best-selling worldwide]], making her one of [[List of best-selling music artists|the best-selling music artists]]. Gaga is also noted as a touring force as she has grossed more than $300 million in revenue from 3.2 million tickets for her first three worldwide concert tours.<ref name="tourforce">{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/legal-and-management/6114193/lady-gaga-and-manager-bobby-campbell-join-artist|title=Lady Gaga and Manager Bobby Campbell Join Artist Nation (Exclusive)|publisher=Prometheus Global Media|work=Billboard|date=June 11, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2014}}</ref> [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her other achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Award]]s.', 8 => false, 9 => 'Gaga has consecutively appeared on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), ranked fourth in [[VH1]]'s list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, is the fourth best selling digital singles artist in US according to [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinum.php?content_selector=top-artists-digital-singles|title=RIAA&nbsp;– Top Artists (Digital Singles)|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|accessdate=July 28, 2013}}</ref> is regularly placed on lists composed by ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine, including their list of [[Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|The World's 100 Most Powerful Women]] from 2010 to 2014,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/power-women/|title=Power Women|date=May 28, 2014|accessdate=June 29, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> and was named one of the most influential people in the world by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Is Billboard's 2010 Artist of the Year, Ke$ha Takes Top New Act |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949522/lady-gaga-is-billboards-2010-artist-of-the-year-keha-takes-top-new-act |date=September 12, 2010 |author=Caulfield, Keith |work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref><ref name="forbesprofile">{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga |title=Lady Gaga Profile |work=Forbes |accessdate=October 8, 2010}}</ref>', 10 => false ]
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[ 0 => ''''Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|t|ɛ|f|ə|n|iː|_|dʒ|ɜr|m|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|t|ə}} {{Respell|STE|fə-nee}} {{Respell|jur-mə|not|ə}}; born March 28, 1986), better known by her stage name '''Lady Gaga''', is an American singer. She was born, raised, and lives in [[New York City]].<ref name=ForbesProfile>{{cite web|title=Lady Gaga|url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga/|accessdate=March 8, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> Gaga studied at the [[Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York City)|Convent of the Sacred Heart]] before briefly attending [[Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21)]]. She withdrew from CAP21 to focus on her musical career. She soon began performing in the rock music scene of [[Manhattan]]'s [[Lower East Side]]. By the end of 2007, record executive and producer [[Vincent Herbert]] signed her to his label Streamline Records, an imprint of [[Interscope Records]]. Initially working as a songwriter at Interscope Records, her vocal abilities captured the attention of recording artist [[Akon]], who also signed her to [[Kon Live Distribution]], his own label under Interscope.', 1 => 'Gaga rose to prominence with her August 2008 debut album, ''[[The Fame]]'', which was a critical and commercial success. The record included the international number-one tracks "[[Just Dance (song)|Just Dance]]" and "[[Poker Face (Lady Gaga song)|Poker Face]]". In November 2009, her [[extended play]], ''[[The Fame Monster]]'', was released to a similar reception, and produced the hit singles "[[Bad Romance]]", "[[Telephone (song)|Telephone]]", and "[[Alejandro (song)|Alejandro]]". Gaga's second studio album, ''[[Born This Way]]'', was released in May 2011 and topped albums charts in most major markets. It was preceded by the chart-topping songs "[[Born This Way (song)|Born This Way]]", "[[Judas (Lady Gaga song)|Judas]]", and "[[The Edge of Glory]]". After taking a sabbatical for a hip injury and the cancellation of the remaining dates of the [[Born This Way Ball Tour]], Gaga's third album ''[[Artpop]]'' was released in November 2013, and became her second number one album in the US.', 2 => false, 3 => 'Influenced by [[David Bowie]], [[Michael Jackson]], [[Madonna (entertainer)|Madonna]], and [[Queen (band)|Queen]], Gaga is recognized for her flamboyant, diverse, and outré contributions to the music industry through her fashion, performances, and music videos. As of June 2014, she had sold an estimated 27 million albums and 125 million singles worldwide and her singles are some of the [[List of best-selling singles|best-selling worldwide]], making her one of [[List of best-selling music artists|the best-selling music artists]]. Gaga is also noted as a touring force as she has grossed more than $300 million in revenue from 3.2 million tickets for her first three worldwide concert tours.<ref name="tourforce">{{cite news|url=http://www.billboard.com/biz/articles/news/legal-and-management/6114193/lady-gaga-and-manager-bobby-campbell-join-artist|title=Lady Gaga and Manager Bobby Campbell Join Artist Nation (Exclusive)|publisher=[[Prometheus Global Media]]|work=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|date=June 11, 2014|accessdate=June 11, 2014}}</ref> [[List of awards and nominations received by Lady Gaga|Her other achievements]] include five [[Grammy Award]]s and 13 [[MTV Video Music Award]]s.', 4 => false, 5 => 'Gaga has consecutively appeared on ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' magazine's Artists of the Year (scoring the definitive title in 2010), ranked fourth in [[VH1]]'s list of 100 Greatest Women in Music, is the fourth best selling digital singles artist in US according to [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinum.php?content_selector=top-artists-digital-singles|title=RIAA&nbsp;– Top Artists (Digital Singles)|publisher=[[Recording Industry Association of America]]|accessdate=July 28, 2013}}</ref> is regularly placed on lists composed by ''[[Forbes]]'' magazine, including their list of [[Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women|The World's 100 Most Powerful Women]] from 2010 to 2014,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.forbes.com/power-women/|title=Power Women|date=May 28, 2014|accessdate=June 29, 2014|work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref> and was named one of the most influential people in the world by ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web |title=Lady Gaga Is Billboard's 2010 Artist of the Year, Ke$ha Takes Top New Act |url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/949522/lady-gaga-is-billboards-2010-artist-of-the-year-keha-takes-top-new-act |date=September 12, 2010 |author=Caulfield, Keith |work=Billboard|publisher=Prometheus Global Media}}</ref><ref name="forbesprofile">{{cite web |url=http://www.forbes.com/profile/lady-gaga |title=Lady Gaga Profile |work=[[Forbes]] |accessdate=October 8, 2010}}</ref>', 6 => 'Although the musical relationship between Fusari and Gaga was unsuccessful at first, the pair soon set up a company titled Team Lovechild in which they recorded and produced [[Synthpop|electropop]] tracks and sent them to music industry bosses.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.michigandaily.com/content/lady-gaga-new-ep |title=Lady Gaga unleashes an electro-pop 'Monster' |last=Resende|first=Sasha|date=December 9, 2009|accessdate=June 27, 2014|work=The Michigan Daily|publisher=University of Michigan}}</ref> Joshua Sarubin, the head of [[Artists and repertoire|A&R]] at [[Def Jam Recordings]], responded positively and vied for the record company to take a chance on her "unusual and provocative" performance. After having his boss [[L.A. Reid|Antonio "L.A." Reid]] in agreement, Gaga was signed to Def Jam in September 2006 with the intention of having an album ready in nine months.<ref name="jmgaga"/> However, she was dropped by the label after only three months&nbsp;– a period of her life that would later inspire her [[Film treatment|treatment]] for the music video for her 2011 single "Marry the Night".<ref name="Allmusic bio">{{cite web |url={{Allmusic |class=artist |id=lady-gaga-p1055684 |pure_url=yes}} |title=Lady Gaga |last=Birchmeier |first=Jason |date=April 20, 2008 |publisher=[[Allmusic]]. [[Rovi Corporation]] |accessdate=January 3, 2010}}</ref> Devastated, Gaga returned to the solace of the family home for Christmas and the nightlife culture of the Lower East Side. She became increasingly experimental: fascinating herself with emerging [[neo-burlesque]] shows, [[go-go dancing]] at bars dressed in little more than a bikini in addition to experimenting with drugs.<ref name="jmgaga"/><ref name="Times Online.co.uk"/> Her relationship with Fusari also ended in January 2007.<ref name=Fusari2>{{cite journal|url=http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/958922/lady-gaga-sued-by-producer-rob-fusari |title=Lady Gaga Sued By Producer Rob Fusari |magazine=Billboard |publisher=Prometheus Global Media |accessdate=October 8, 2013}}</ref> She became a go-go dancer at St. Jerome's, a Rivington Street [[Dive bar|dive]] in New York's lower East Side.<ref>{{cite news|title=Lady Gaga's early days: "The sexual energy was palpable. You could smell it"|url=http://www.salon.com/2013/08/27/lady_gagas_early_days_the_sexual_energy_was_palpable_you_could_smell_it/singleton/|accessdate=September 2, 2013|newspaper=[[Salon (website)|Salon]]|date=August 27, 2013}}</ref> Her father Joe, however, did not understand the reason behind her drug intake and could not look at her for several months.<ref name="Times Online.co.uk" /><ref name="Contactmusic.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.contactmusic.com/info/lady_gaga |title=Lady GaGa Profile |accessdate=February 20, 2009 |last=Reporter |first=Staff |publisher=[[Contactmusic.com]] }}</ref> "I was onstage in a thong, with a fringe hanging over my ass thinking that had covered it, lighting hairsprays on fire, go-go dancing to [[Black Sabbath]] and singing songs about [[oral sex]]. The kids would scream and cheer and then we'd all go grab a beer. It represented freedom to me. I went to a Catholic school but it was on the New York underground that I found myself."<ref name="always-famous"/> It was then when she became romantically involved with a [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] drummer in a relationship and break-up she likened to the musical film ''[[Grease (film)|Grease]]'': "I was his Sandy, and he was my Danny, and I just broke." He later became an inspiration behind some of her later songs.<ref name="rsannual">{{cite journal |last=Hiatt |first=Brian |date=May 30, 2009 |title=The Rise of Lady Gaga |journal=Rolling Stone |location=New York |volume=1080 |issue=43 |issn=0035-791X}}</ref>' ]
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