Old page wikitext, before the edit (old_wikitext) | '<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Paris 1900 Refractor.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Paris 1900 exposition refractor.]] -->
Here is a list of the largest optical [[refracting telescope]]s sorted by lens diameter and focal length.
The largest practical functioning refracting telescope is the [[Yerkes Observatory]] 40 inch (102 cm) refractor, used for astronomical and scientific observation for over a century.
Most are classical [[Great refractors]], which used [[achromatic doublet]]s on an equatorial mount. However, other large refractors include a 21st-century Solar telescope which is not directly comparable because it uses a single element non-achromatic lens, and the short-lived [[Great Paris Exhibition Telescope of 1900]]. It used a 78-inch (200 cm) Focault siderostat for aiming light into the [[Image-forming optical system]] part of the telescope, which had a 125 cm diameter lens. Using a siderostat incurs a reflective loss. Larger meniscus lenses have been used in later [[catadioptric]] telescopes which mix refractors and reflectors in the image-forming part of the telescope. As with reflecting telescopes, there was an ongoing struggle to balance cost with size, quality, and usefulness.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
! width="200px" | Name/Observatory
! Location at <br> debut
! Modern location name or fate
! Lens diameter
! [[Focal length]]
! Built
! Comments
! Image
|-
| [[Yerkes Observatory]]<ref>http://astro.uchicago.edu/vtour/40inch/</ref> || [[Williams Bay, Wisconsin]], [[United States|USA]] || - || 102 cm (40″) || 19.4 m (62′) || 1897 || Largest in current operation.<ref>http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/653042/Yerkes-Observatory</ref> || [[File:Yerkes 40 inch Refractor Telescope-2006.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Great Paris Exhibition Telescope of 1900]] || [[Paris 1900 Exposition]] || Dismantled 1900 || 125 cm (49.21")|| 57 m (187 feet)|| 1900 || Fixed lens, scrapped. Aimed via a 2m reflecting [[siderostat]] || [[File:Great Ex Telescope Telescope.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Swedish Solar Telescope|Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope]],<br/>[[Roque de los Muchachos Observatory|ORM]] || [[La Palma]],<br>[[Spain]] || - || 98 cm (39.37") || 15 m || 2002 || Single element [[non-achromatic objective]]<ref>[http://www.solarphysics.kva.se/NatureNov2002/telescope_eng.html solarphysics.kva.se '''The Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope''' ''"By using a lens of a single glass, excellent image quality is obtained through very narrow filters that isolate a single wavelength or color."'']</ref> combined with reflective [[Adaptive optics]] and a Schupmann corrector. || [[File:Swedish Solar Telescope.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[James Lick telescope]]<br> [[Lick Observatory]] || [[Mount Hamilton (California)|Mount Hamilton, California]], [[United States|USA]] || - || 91 cm (36″) || 17.6 m || 1888 || || [[File:Lick Observatory Refractor.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Grande Lunette <br> [[Paris Observatory]] || [[Meudon, France]] || - || 83 cm + 62 cm (32.67" + 24.40") || 16.2 m || 1891 || Double telescope
|-
| Großer Refraktor <br> [[Astrophysical Institute Potsdam|Astrophysical Observatory Potsdam]] || [[Potsdam]], [[Deutsches Kaiserreich]] || [[Potsdam]], [[Germany]] || 80 cm + 50 cm (31.5"+29.5")|| 12.0 m || 1899 || Double telescope || [[File:Potsdam Great Refractor.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Grande Lunette <br> [[Nice Observatory]] || Nice, France || since 1988 [[Côte d'Azur Observatory]]|| 77 cm (30.3″) <ref name=list1914>[http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/gif/1914Obs....37..245H/0000248.000.html ''The Observatory'', "Large Telescopes", Page 248]</ref><ref>''British university observatories, 1772-1939''
By Roger Hutchins;page 252</ref> || 17.9 m || 1886 || Bischoffscheim funded ||[[File:Grande Lunette Nice.jpg|60px]]
|-
| William Thaw Telescope <br> [[Allegheny Observatory]], [[University of Pittsburgh]] || [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], [[United States|USA]] || - ||76 cm (30″) || 14.1 m || 1914 || Brashear made, photographic<ref name="flamsteed.info">http://www.flamsteed.info/fasother6_files/page0001.htm</ref> || [[File:Allegheny Observatory 2007a.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[Pulkovo observatory]] || [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russian Empire]] || Destroyed || 76 cm (30″) || 12.8 m (42 feet) || 1885 || Destroyed during [[Siege of Leningrad|WWII]], only lens (made by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]]) survives. || [[File:Pulkovo 30 inch refracting telescope.jpg|60px]]
|-
| 28-inch Grubb Refractor <br> [[Royal Greenwich Observatory]] || [[Greenwich, London]], [[Great Britain]] || - || 71 cm (28″) || 8.5 m || 1894 || || [[File:328SFEC LONDON-20070917.JPG|40px]]
|-
| Großer Refraktor <br> [[Vienna Observatory]]|| [[History of Vienna|Vienna]], [[Austrian Empire]] || [[Vienna, Austria]] || 69 cm (27" )||10.5 m || 1880 || Largest refractor in 1880 <ref>http://www.flamsteed.info/fasother6_files/page0006.htm</ref> || [[File:Refraktor Wien Kerschbaum 1.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Great Treptow Refractor <br> Treptow Observatory || [[Berlin]], [[Germany]] || - || 68 cm (26.77") || 21 m || 1896 || renamed [[Archenhold Observatory]] 1946 || [[File:ArchenholdObservatory-GreatRefractor.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Leander McCormick Observatory]] || [[Charlottesville, Virginia]], [[United States|USA]] || - || 66 cm (26" ) || 9.9 m || 1884 || completed c. 1874, installed 1884 || [[File:Mccormick observatory 1890.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[U.S. Naval Observatory]] || [[Foggy Bottom]] [[Washington, DC]], [[United States|USA]] || moved to [[Northwest, Washington, D.C.]], 1893 || 66 cm (26")|| 9.9 m || 1873 || Largest refractor in 1873. [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] mounting replaced with [[Warner & Swasey]] mounting in 1893. || [[File:US Navy 030826-N-9593R-043 Personnel at the U.S. Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C., prepare the facility's historic 26-inch refractor telescope for optical viewing of Mars.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[Royal Greenwich Observatory]] || [[Herstmonceux]], [[Great Britain]] || - || 66 cm (26") || 6.82 m || 1896 ||
|-
| Yale-Columbia Refractor <br> [[Yale, South Africa|Yale]] Southern Station || [[Johannesburg]], [[Union of South Africa]] || Relocated 1952 || 66 cm (26") || 10.8 m || 1925–1952 || Yale-Columbia Refractor moved to [[Mount Stromlo Observatory]] in 1952, same telescope as following entry.
|-
| Yale-Columbia Refractor <br> [[Mount Stromlo Observatory]] || [[Mount Stromlo]], [[Australia]] || Destroyed 2003 || 66 cm (26") || 10.8 m || 1952 || Yale-Columbia Refractor - Previously located in [[South Africa]]. Relocated to Australia in 1952. Destroyed by [[2003 Canberra bushfires|bush fire]] on January 18, 2003.<ref>[http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/info/documents/MSOSignage2004.pdf Mount Stromlo Observatory brochure, page 12, The 26" Yale-Columbia Refractor], [[Australian National University]], 2004, accessed 19 April 2008</ref> || [[File:Fisheye image of yale columbia refractor at stromlo.jpg|50px]]
|-
| 65 cm Zeiss Refractor, [[Pulkovo observatory]] || Germany<ref name=zeiss>[http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/seri/JHA../0028//0000177.000.html Journal for the history of astronomy vol. 28, pt. 2, p. 177 (1997), Title: Book Review: Pulkovo / St. Petersburg : Spuren der Sterne und der Zeiten : Geschichte der russischen Hauptsternwarte / Peter Lang, New York, 1995, Bibliographic Code: 1997JHA....28..177H]</ref> || [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russia]] || 65 cm (25.59″) || 10.413 m || 1954 || War reparation from Germany<ref name=zeiss/> In Pulkovo since 1954. || [[File:Pulkovo refractor.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[Llano del Hato National Astronomical Observatory]] || [[Llano del Hato]], [[Venezuela]] || - || 65 cm (25.6″)|| 10.5 m || 1955 ||
|-
| [[Belgrade Observatory]] <ref>http://www.aob.bg.ac.rs/</ref> || [[Belgrade]], [[Kingdom of Serbia]] || [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]] || 65 cm (25.6″) || 10.55 m || 1932 || Zeiss made lens, same as at [[Berlin Observatory]]|| [[File:Pavilion of Large Refractor.JPG|50px]]
|-
| [[Hida Observatory]] || [[Gifu, Gifu|Gifu]], Japan || - || 65 cm (25.6″) || 10.50 m || 1972 ||
|-
| [[National Astronomical Observatory of Japan|Observatory History Museum]] Mitaka 65 cm || [[Mitaka, Tokyo]], Japan || - || 65 cm (25.6″) || || 1929 || Carl Zeiss Jena || [[File:NAOJ-mitaka-65cm-refractor-dome.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Berlin-Babelsberg Observatory]] <br> <small> Berliner Sternwarte Babelsberg </small> || Berlin, Germany || || 65 cm (26 in)|| 10.12 m (33 ft)|| 1914 || Berlin Observatory just moved to [[Potsdam-Babelsberg]] in 1913; Zeiss lens || [[File:Berliner Sternwarte Babelsberg.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [http://www.astro.noa.gr/en/visitorcenter/ Newall Refractor] <br />National Observatory of Athens || UK || Athens, Greece since 1957 || 62.5 cm (24.5″) || 8.86 m (29 ft) || 1869 || Built by [[Thomas Cooke (machinist)|Thomas Cooke]] for [[Robert Stirling Newall]]. First located at his estate; donated and relocated to [[Cambridge Observatory]] in 1889; donated to Athens Observatory and relocated to Mt. Penteli in Greece in 1957. Currently used only for educational purposes as part of the visitor center. ||
|-
| [[Lowell Observatory]] || Arizona, USA || - || 61 cm (24″) || 9.75 m (32 ft) || 1894 || [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] telescope || [[File:Clark dome.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[Sproul Observatory]] || Pennsylvania, USA || - ||61 cm (24″) || 11.0 m (36 ft)|| 1911
|-
| [[Craig telescope]] || [[Wandsworth Common]], [[London]] || Dismantled 1857 || 61 cm (24″) || 24.5 m (80 feet) || 1852 || Problem with lens figuring <ref>http://www.craig-telescope.co.uk/</ref>
|-
| Grubb Parsons Double Refractor || Saltsjöbaden, Sweden || - || 60 + 50 cm <br>(23.6″ + 19.7") || 8.0 m || 1930 || Stockholms Observatory in Saltsjöbaden
|-
| Radcliffe Double Refractor <br> [[University of London Observatory]] || [[Oxford]], [[UK]] || [[Mill Hill]], [[London]] || 60 + 45 cm <br>(23.6″ + 18") || 7.0 m || 1901 || Obtained from the [[Radcliffe Observatory]] and installed at ULO in 1938
|-
|Zeiss Double Refractor <br> [[Bosscha Observatory]] || [[Bandung]], [[Dutch East Indies]] ||[[Bandung]], [[Indonesia]] || 60 cm (23.6″) || 10.7 m || 1928 || || [[File:Bosscha 2003.jpg|30px]]
|-
| ''Der Große Refraktor'' (Great Refractor) <br> [[Hamburg Observatory]] || [[Bergedorf]], [[Germany]] || - || 60 cm (23.6″) || 9 m || 1911 || || [[File:Bdstern 1.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Halstead Observatory]] || Princeton, USA || [[Roper Mountain Science Center]],<ref>http://www.ropermountain.org/Observatory/observatory.shtml</ref> [[Greenville, South Carolina|Greenville, SC]] ||58.4 cm (23″) || 9.8 m (32 ft) || 1881 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]]
|-
| [[Chamberlin Observatory]] || Colorado, USA || - ||50 cm (20″) || 8.5 m (28 ft)|| 1891 || First Light 1894 || [[File:Chamberlin Observatory Denver, CO.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Van Vleck Observatory]] || Connecticut, USA || - ||50 cm (20″) || 8.4 m (27.5 ft)|| 1922 || || [[File:Vvo.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Chabot Observatory]] || || [[Oakland, California]], USA (2000)|| 50 cm (20″) || 8.5 m (28 ft)|| 1914 || "Rachael" Warner & Swazey Company (Optics John A Brashear Company) Refurb in 2000 and moved to present location. || [[File:Rachel-2-modern.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Carnegie Double Astrograph]]<br> [[Lick Observatory]] || [[Mount Hamilton (California)|Mount Hamilton, California]], [[United States|USA]] || [[not in service]]<br> [[threatened with removal]] || 50 cm (20″) || 4.67 m (14 ft) || 1941 || F7.4 ||
|-
| [[Observatory of Strasbourg|Imperial Observatory]] || Straßburg, [[German Empire]] || [[Strasbourg]], France || 48.5 cm (19.1″) || 7 m (23 ft) || 1880 <ref>http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/scientific-american/Scientific-American-Reference-Book/The-Large-Refractors-Of-The-World.html</ref> || Then largest in German Empire || [[File:Refracting telescope of the Strasbourg observatory.jpg|50px]]
|-
| 18½-in [[Dearborn Observatory]] Refractor || Chicago, USA || Evanston, USA || 47 cm (18.5″) || || 1862 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] || [[File:2007-04-06 3000x2000 evanston nu observatory.jpg|50px]]
|-
|[[Wilder Observatory]] || Amherst College, Amherst, MA, USA || - || 46 cm (18″) || (25 ft) || 1903 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] || [[File:Wilder obsv.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Flower Observatory]] || Philadelphia, USA || - || 46 cm (18″) || 6.7 m (22.6 ft) || 1896
|-
| Royal Observatory || [[Cape Colony]], [[British Empire]] || [[South Africa]] || 46 cm (18″) || 6.7 m (22.6 ft) || 1897 || <ref>Scientific American Reference Book. A Manual for the Office, Household and Shop
Author Albert A. Hopkins, A. Russell Bond
Publisher Munn & Company
Year 1905
Copyright 1904, Munn & Company</ref>
|-
| Gran Ecuatorial Gautier Telescope <br> [[La Plata Astronomical Observatory]] || [[La Plata]], [[Argentina]] || - || 43.3 cm (17″) || 9,7 m || 1894 || Gautier || [[File:Telescopio refractor Gran Ecuatorial Gautier en La Plata.jpg|50px]] <!-- thumb|Telescopio refractor Gran Ecuatorial Gautier en La Plata]] -->
|-
| Herget Telescope <br> [[Cincinnati Observatory]] || [[Cincinnati]], [[Ohio]] || - || 40.64 cm (16″) || || 1904 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] || [[File:Cincinnati Observatory.JPG|50px]]
|-
| Dorides Refractor <ref>http://www.hasi.gr/instruments/ast72</ref> <br> National Observatory of Athens || Athens, Greece || Athens, Greece || 40 cm (16″) || 5,08 m || 1901 || by Gautier <ref>http://www.hasi.gr/makers/gautier-paul-ferdinand</ref>
|-
| [[Washburn Observatory]] || [[Madison, Wisconsin]], USA || - || 39.5 cm (15.56″) || 6.7 m (22.6 ft) || 1881 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]]
|-
| Harvard Great Refractor <br> [[Harvard College Observatory]] <ref>http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/hco/grref.html</ref> || [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], USA || - || 38 cm (15″) || || 1847 || largest telescope in America for 20 years <ref>http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/resources/explorations//groundup/lesson/scopes/harvard/index.php</ref> || [[File:Great Refractor.jpg|50px]]
|-
| Gran Ecuatorial [[Observatorio Astronómico Nacional]] || [[Tacubaya, México]] || - || 38 cm (15") || 4.8 m || 1885 || by Howard Grubb ||
|-
| Lunette Arago<br> [[Paris Observatory]] || [[Paris, France]] || - || 38 cm (15") || 9 m || 1883 || by Gautier and Henry brothers || [[File:Paris-observatoirelunettebrünner.jpg|50px]]
|-
| Telescopio Amici<br> [[Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri]] || [[Florence, Italy]] || - || 36 cm || 5 m || 1872 || 28 cm lens by G. B. Amici substituted by Zeiss lens in 1926. Currently used only for educational purposes. ||
|-
| Photographic Refractor<br> [[Leiden Observatory]] || [[Leiden]], [[Netherlands]] || - || 34 cm + 15 cm (13.4″ + 5.9") || 524 cm || 1897 || Double telescope <br>by Gautier and Henry brothers ||
|-
| Dominion Observatory Refractor<br> [[Dominion Observatory]] || [[Ottawa]], [[Canada]] || Moved to Helen Sawyer-Hogg Observatory (Canada Science and Technology Museum, Ottawa) in 1974 <ref>http://www.sciencetech.technomuses.ca/english/whatson/hogg_observatory.cfm</ref> || 38.1 cm (15″) || 571.5 cm || 1905 || Original achromat doublet by John Brashear replaced with apochomat triplet by Perkin-Elmer in 1958. Currently used for education and outreach. ||
|-
| Fitz-Clark Refractor <br> [[Allegheny Observatory]], [[University of Pittsburgh]] || [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], [[United States|USA]] || - ||32.02 cm (13") || 4.62 || 1861 || Fitz made, visual/photographic. In 1895 Established that Saturn's Rings to be made up of particles and not solid.<ref name="flamsteed.info"/> || [[File:Allegheny Observatory 2007a.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Bamberg Refractor <br> [[Urania Sternwarte (Berlin)|Urania Observatory]] (Berlin) || Berlin-[[Moabit]], [[Prussia]] || Berlin, Germany || 31.4 cm (12.36")|| 5 m || 1889 || then biggest in Prussia, moved to Insulaner [[Wilhelm-Foerster Observatory]] in 1963 <ref>http://www.wfs.be.schule.de/pages/hist/Bamberge.html</ref>
|-
|Grubb refractor,
[http://www.keele.ac.uk/observatory Keele Observatory]
|Oxford, England
|Keele University, England (since 1962),
in use for the public
|31.0 cm
(12.25")
|4.39 m
|1874
|Still awaiting the reunion with its 19th century camera used in the Carte du Ciel project and to prove Einstein's general relativity theory during the 1919 solar eclipse.
|[[File:KeeleOxford.jpg|left|thumb|91x91px]]
|-
| [[Ladd Observatory]],<br>[[Brown University]] || [[Providence, Rhode Island]], [[United States|USA]] || Still in use for instruction and public education || 30 cm (12″) {{convert|12.0|in|sing=on}} || 4.57 m (15 ft) || 1891 || Lens designed by [[Charles S. Hastings]] and made by [[John Brashear]]; telescope mount by [[George N. Saegmuller]] || [[File:BrownUniversity-LaddObservatory.jpg|65px]]
|-
| Irving Porter Church Memorial Telescope <br> [[Fuertes Observatory]] || [[Ithaca, New York]] || Still used for instruction and public outreach. || 30 cm (12″) || - || 1922 || Optics by [[John Brashear]], mounting by [[Warner & Swasey]]. || [[File:Irving Porter Church Telescope.jpg|70px]]
|-
| [[Silesian Planetarium|Silesian Planetarium and Astronomical Observatory]] || [[Katowice]]/[[Chorzów]], [[Silesia]], [[Poland]] || || 30 cm (12")<ref>http://www.planetarium.edu.pl/oferta.htm</ref>|| 4.5 m || 1955 || Largest and oldest Planetarium and Astronomical Observatory in Poland.<ref>http://www.planetarium.chorzow.net.pl/onas_eng.htm</ref> The 3rd largest in [[Eastern Europe]] (east of Germany), after [[Pulkovo Observatory]] in Saint Petersburg, Russia and [[Belgrade Observatory]] in Belgrade, Serbia|| [[File:Planetarium WPKiW.jpg|65px]]
|-
| [[Urania Sternwarte]] (Zurich) || [[Zurich, Switzerland]] || - || 30 cm (12″) || 5.05 m || 1907 || by Fraunhofer and Zeiss || [[File:Zürich - Lindenhof - Urania-Sternwarte - Kuppel IMG 1911.JPG|50px]]
|-
| [[University of Illinois Observatory]] || [[Urbana, Illinois]], USA || - || 30 cm (12″) || || 1896 || by [[John Brashear]], National Historic Landmark, still used for instruction || [[File:Champaign-Urbana area IMG 1138.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Jewett Observatory]] || [[Pullman, Washington]], USA || Used for instruction and pleasure || 30 cm (12") || 4.57 m (15') || Assembled from older parts 1953 <ref>http://astro.wsu.edu/observatory.html</ref> || [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] || [[File:01-04-15.jpg|50px]]
|-
| Mitchell Telescope <br> [[Cincinnati Observatory]] || [[Cincinnati]], [[Ohio]], USA || - || 28 cm (11″) || || 1843 || Merz & Mahler; Oldest professional telescope still used weekly by the public<ref>http://www.cincinnatiobservatory.org/history.html</ref> || [[File:Refractor Cincinnati observatory.jpg|50px]]
|-
| Brashear Refractor <br> [[Nicholas E. Wagman]] Observatory || [[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]], USA || - || 28 cm (11″) || || 1910 || [[John Brashear]], [[Amateur Astronomers Association of Pittsburgh]] <ref>http://3ap.org/></ref> ll
|-
| Repsold Refractor (10-duims)<br> [[Leiden Observatory]] || [[Leiden]], [[Netherlands]] || - || 26.6 cm (10.5″) || 399,5 cm || 1885 || Repsold and Sons, optics by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] ||
|-
| [[Mills Observatory]] || || [[Dundee]], [[Scotland]] (1951) || 25 cm (10″) || || 1871 || by [[T. Cooke & Sons]]. Training telescope at [[University of St Andrews|St. Andrews]] 1938-1951 || [[File:The 10-inch Cooke Refractormills.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Coats Observatory]] || || [[Paisley]], [[Scotland]] (1898) || 25 cm (10″) || || 1898 || by [[Howard Grubb]]. Replaced 5" refractor by [[Thomas Cooke]], installed in 1883.]]. || [[File:Grubb-Telescope.jpg|60px]]
|-
|[[Quito Astronomical Observatory]] || [[Quito]] || [[La Alameda Park, Quito|La Alameda park]] ||24 cm || || |1875 || An operational 1875 [[Merz Telescopes]] and one of the Oldest Observatories in South America, founded in 1873. || [[File:Antique Telescope at the Quito Astronomical Observatory 002.JPG|50px]]
|-
| Fraunhofer-Refraktor <br> [[Berlin Observatory]] || Berlin-Kreuzberg, [[Deutsches Kaiserreich]] || Moved 1913 to Munich, Germany || 24 cm (9.6″) || 4 m (13.4′) || 1835 || Used to discover [[Neptune]]; in [[Deutsches Museum]], [[München]] since 1913<ref>http://bdaugherty.tripod.com/astronomy/berlin.html#GALLE</ref> || [[File:Sternwarte Berlin Schinkel.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Hume Cronyn Memorial Observatory <br> Named in memory of [[Hume Blake Cronyn]] || [[University of Western Ontario]] <br> London, Ontario, Canada || - || 25.4 cm (10″) || 4.37 m (172") || 1940 || Built by Perkin Elmer Corp. <br> Second largest refractor in Canada. Continues as Canada's oldest public astronomy venue. || <ref>https://www.flickr.com/photos/physicsandastronomyatwestern/16667587319/in/album-72157649099149793//</ref>
|-
| Great Dorpat Refractor (Fraunhofer) <br> [[Tartu Observatory|Dorpat/Tartu Observatory]] || Dorpat, [[Governorate of Livonia]] || [[Tartu]], [[Estonia]] || 24 cm (9.6″) || 4 m (13.4′) || 1824 || "..the first modern, achromatic, refracting telescope." <ref>{{cite journal | bibcode = 1967AmJPh..35..344W | title=Fraunhofer and the Great Dorpat Refractor | journal=American Journal of Physics | volume=35 | page=344 | year=1967 | authors=Waaland, J. Robert | doi=10.1119/1.1974076}}</ref><ref>http://www.obs.ee/obs/instrumendid/fr.htm</ref> || [[File:Tartu tähetorn 2006.jpg|60px]]
|-
|}
== See also ==
* [[List of largest optical reflecting telescopes]]
* [[List of largest optical telescopes in the 20th century]]
* [[List of largest optical telescopes in the 19th century]]
* [[List of largest optical telescopes in the 18th century]]
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
==Further reading==
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=0IUTwSFOtY4C&pg=PA357&dq=Meudon+33&hl=en&ei=kMB-TM6pCoH98Aal1ZngAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Meudon%2033&f=false "The illustrated encyclopedia of the universe" By Ian Ridpath (Google Books)]
*[http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1914Obs....37..245H List of largest refracting telescopes circa 1914] [http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/gif/1914Obs....37..245H/0000248.000.html List]
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Largest Optical Refracting Telescopes}}
[[Category:Lists of telescopes|Refracting telescopes]]
[[Category:Lists of superlatives]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext) | '<!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Paris 1900 Refractor.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Paris 1900 exposition refractor.]] -->
Here is a list of the largest optical [[refracting telescope]]s sorted by lens diameter and focal length.
The largest practical functioning refracting telescope is the [[Yerkes Observatory]] 40 inch (102 cm) refractor, used for astronomical and scientific observation for over a century.
Most are classical [[Great refractors]], which used [[achromatic doublet]]s on an equatorial mount. However, other large refractors include a 21st-century Solar telescope which is not directly comparable because it uses a single element non-achromatic lens, and the short-lived [[Great Paris Exhibition Telescope of 1900]]. It used a 78-inch (200 cm) Focault siderostat for aiming light into the [[Image-forming optical system]] part of the telescope, which had a 125 cm diameter lens. Using a siderostat incurs a reflective loss. Larger meniscus lenses have been used in later [[catadioptric]] telescopes which mix refractors and reflectors in the image-forming part of the telescope. As with reflecting telescopes, there was an ongoing struggle to balance cost with size, quality, and usefulness.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%;"
! width="200px" | Name/Observatory
! Location at <br> debut
! Modern location name or fate
! Lens diameter
! [[Focal length]]
! Built
! Comments
! Image
|-
| [[Yerkes Observatory]]<ref>http://astro.uchicago.edu/vtour/40inch/</ref> || [[Williams Bay, Wisconsin]], [[United States|USA]] || - || 102 cm (40″) || 19.4 m (62′) || 1897 || Largest in current operation.<ref>http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/653042/Yerkes-Observatory</ref> || [[File:Yerkes 40 inch Refractor Telescope-2006.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Great Paris Exhibition Telescope of 1900]] || [[Paris 1900 Exposition]] || Dismantled 1900 || 125 cm (49.21")|| 57 m (187 feet)|| 1900 || Fixed lens, scrapped. Aimed via a 2m reflecting [[siderostat]] || [[File:Great Ex Telescope Telescope.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Swedish Solar Telescope|Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope]],<br/>[[Roque de los Muchachos Observatory|ORM]] || [[La Palma]],<br>[[Spain]] || - || 98 cm (39.37") || 15 m || 2002 || Single element [[non-achromatic objective]]<ref>[http://www.solarphysics.kva.se/NatureNov2002/telescope_eng.html solarphysics.kva.se '''The Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope''' ''"By using a lens of a single glass, excellent image quality is obtained through very narrow filters that isolate a single wavelength or color."'']</ref> combined with reflective [[Adaptive optics]] and a Schupmann corrector. || [[File:Swedish Solar Telescope.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[James Lick telescope]]<br> [[Lick Observatory]] || [[Mount Hamilton (California)|Mount Hamilton, California]], [[United States|USA]] || - || 91 cm (36″) || 17.6 m || 1888 || || [[File:Lick Observatory Refractor.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Grande Lunette <br> [[Paris Observatory]] || [[Meudon, France]] || - || 83 cm + 62 cm (32.67" + 24.40") || 16.2 m || 1891 || Double telescope
|-
| Großer Refraktor <br> [[Astrophysical Institute Potsdam|Astrophysical Observatory Potsdam]] || [[Potsdam]], [[Deutsches Kaiserreich]] || [[Potsdam]], [[Germany]] || 80 cm + 50 cm (31.5"+29.5")|| 12.0 m || 1899 || Double telescope || [[File:Potsdam Great Refractor.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Grande Lunette <br> [[Nice Observatory]] || Nice, France || since 1988 [[Côte d'Azur Observatory]]|| 77 cm (30.3″) <ref name=list1914>[http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/gif/1914Obs....37..245H/0000248.000.html ''The Observatory'', "Large Telescopes", Page 248]</ref><ref>''British university observatories, 1772-1939''
By Roger Hutchins;page 252</ref> || 17.9 m || 1886 || Bischoffscheim funded ||[[File:Grande Lunette Nice.jpg|60px]]
|-
| William Thaw Telescope <br> [[Allegheny Observatory]], [[University of Pittsburgh]] || [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], [[United States|USA]] || - ||76 cm (30″) || 14.1 m || 1914 || Brashear made, photographic<ref name="flamsteed.info">http://www.flamsteed.info/fasother6_files/page0001.htm</ref> || [[File:Allegheny Observatory 2007a.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[Pulkovo observatory]] || [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russian Empire]] || Destroyed || 76 cm (30″) || 12.8 m (42 feet) || 1885 || Destroyed during [[Siege of Leningrad|WWII]], only lens (made by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]]) survives. || [[File:Pulkovo 30 inch refracting telescope.jpg|60px]]
|-
| 28-inch Grubb Refractor <br> [[Royal Greenwich Observatory]] || [[Greenwich, London]], [[Great Britain]] || - || 71 cm (28″) || 8.5 m || 1894 || || [[File:328SFEC LONDON-20070917.JPG|40px]]
|-
| Großer Refraktor <br> [[Vienna Observatory]]|| [[History of Vienna|Vienna]], [[Austrian Empire]] || [[Vienna, Austria]] || 69 cm (27" )||10.5 m || 1880 || Largest refractor in 1880 <ref>http://www.flamsteed.info/fasother6_files/page0006.htm</ref> || [[File:Refraktor Wien Kerschbaum 1.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Great Treptow Refractor <br> Treptow Observatory || [[Berlin]], [[Germany]] || - || 68 cm (26.77") || 21 m || 1896 || renamed [[Archenhold Observatory]] 1946 || [[File:ArchenholdObservatory-GreatRefractor.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Leander McCormick Observatory]] || [[Charlottesville, Virginia]], [[United States|USA]] || - || 66 cm (26" ) || 9.9 m || 1884 || completed c. 1874, installed 1884 || [[File:Mccormick observatory 1890.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[U.S. Naval Observatory]] || [[Foggy Bottom]] [[Washington, DC]], [[United States|USA]] || moved to [[Northwest, Washington, D.C.]], 1893 || 66 cm (26")|| 9.9 m || 1873 || Largest refractor in 1873. [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] mounting replaced with [[Warner & Swasey]] mounting in 1893. || [[File:US Navy 030826-N-9593R-043 Personnel at the U.S. Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C., prepare the facility's historic 26-inch refractor telescope for optical viewing of Mars.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[Royal Greenwich Observatory]] || [[Herstmonceux]], [[Great Britain]] || - || 66 cm (26") || 6.82 m || 1896 ||
|-
| Yale-Columbia Refractor <br> [[Yale, South Africa|Yale]] Southern Station || [[Johannesburg]], [[Union of South Africa]] || Relocated 1952 || 66 cm (26") || 10.8 m || 1925–1952 || Yale-Columbia Refractor moved to [[Mount Stromlo Observatory]] in 1952, same telescope as following entry.
|-
| Yale-Columbia Refractor <br> [[Mount Stromlo Observatory]] || [[Mount Stromlo]], [[Australia]] || Destroyed 2003 || 66 cm (26") || 10.8 m || 1952 || Yale-Columbia Refractor - Previously located in [[South Africa]]. Relocated to Australia in 1952. Destroyed by [[2003 Canberra bushfires|bush fire]] on January 18, 2003.<ref>[http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/info/documents/MSOSignage2004.pdf Mount Stromlo Observatory brochure, page 12, The 26" Yale-Columbia Refractor], [[Australian National University]], 2004, accessed 19 April 2008</ref> || [[File:Fisheye image of yale columbia refractor at stromlo.jpg|50px]]
|-
| 65 cm Zeiss Refractor, [[Pulkovo observatory]] || Germany<ref name=zeiss>[http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/seri/JHA../0028//0000177.000.html Journal for the history of astronomy vol. 28, pt. 2, p. 177 (1997), Title: Book Review: Pulkovo / St. Petersburg : Spuren der Sterne und der Zeiten : Geschichte der russischen Hauptsternwarte / Peter Lang, New York, 1995, Bibliographic Code: 1997JHA....28..177H]</ref> || [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russia]] || 65 cm (25.59″) || 10.413 m || 1954 || War reparation from Germany<ref name=zeiss/> In Pulkovo since 1954. || [[File:Pulkovo refractor.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[Llano del Hato National Astronomical Observatory]] || [[Llano del Hato]], [[Venezuela]] || - || 65 cm (25.6″)|| 10.5 m || 1955 ||
|-
| [[Belgrade Observatory]] <ref>http://www.aob.bg.ac.rs/</ref> || [[Belgrade]], [[Kingdom of Serbia]] || [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]] || 65 cm (25.6″) || 10.55 m || 1932 || Zeiss made lens, same as at [[Berlin Observatory]]|| [[File:Pavilion of Large Refractor.JPG|50px]]
|-
| [[Hida Observatory]] || [[Gifu, Gifu|Gifu]], Japan || - || 65 cm (25.6″) || 10.50 m || 1972 ||
|-
| [[National Astronomical Observatory of Japan|Observatory History Museum]] Mitaka 65 cm || [[Mitaka, Tokyo]], Japan || - || 65 cm (25.6″) || || 1929 || Carl Zeiss Jena || [[File:NAOJ-mitaka-65cm-refractor-dome.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Berlin-Babelsberg Observatory]] <br> <small> Berliner Sternwarte Babelsberg </small> || Berlin, Germany || || 65 cm (26 in)|| 10.12 m (33 ft)|| 1914 || Berlin Observatory just moved to [[Potsdam-Babelsberg]] in 1913; Zeiss lens || [[File:Berliner Sternwarte Babelsberg.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [http://www.astro.noa.gr/en/visitorcenter/ Newall Refractor] <br />National Observatory of Athens || UK || Athens, Greece since 1957 || 62.5 cm (24.5″) || 8.86 m (29 ft) || 1869 || Built by [[Thomas Cooke (machinist)|Thomas Cooke]] for [[Robert Stirling Newall]]. First located at his estate; donated and relocated to [[Cambridge Observatory]] in 1889; donated to Athens Observatory and relocated to Mt. Penteli in Greece in 1957. Currently used only for educational purposes as part of the visitor center. ||
|-
| [[Lowell Observatory]] || Arizona, USA || - || 61 cm (24″) || 9.75 m (32 ft) || 1894 || [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] telescope || [[File:Clark dome.jpg|60px]]
|-
| [[Sproul Observatory]] || Pennsylvania, USA || - ||61 cm (24″) || 11.0 m (36 ft)|| 1911
|-
| [[Craig telescope]] || [[Wandsworth Common]], [[London]] || Dismantled 1857 || 61 cm (24″) || 24.5 m (80 feet) || 1852 || Problem with lens figuring <ref>http://www.craig-telescope.co.uk/</ref>
|-
| Grubb Parsons Double Refractor || Saltsjöbaden, Sweden || - || 60 + 50 cm <br>(23.6″ + 19.7") || 8.0 m || 1930 || Stockholms Observatory in Saltsjöbaden
|-
| Radcliffe Double Refractor <br> [[University of London Observatory]] || [[Oxford]], [[UK]] || [[Mill Hill]], [[London]] || 60 + 45 cm <br>(23.6″ + 18") || 7.0 m || 1901 || Obtained from the [[Radcliffe Observatory]] and installed at ULO in 1938
|-
|Zeiss Double Refractor <br> [[Bosscha Observatory]] || [[Bandung]], [[Dutch East Indies]] ||[[Bandung]], [[Indonesia]] || 60 cm (23.6″) || 10.7 m || 1928 || || [[File:Bosscha 2003.jpg|30px]]
|-
| ''Der Große Refraktor'' (Great Refractor) <br> [[Hamburg Observatory]] || [[Bergedorf]], [[Germany]] || - || 60 cm (23.6″) || 9 m || 1911 || || [[File:Bdstern 1.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Halstead Observatory]] || Princeton, USA || [[Roper Mountain Science Center]],<ref>http://www.ropermountain.org/Observatory/observatory.shtml</ref> [[Greenville, South Carolina|Greenville, SC]] ||58.4 cm (23″) || 9.8 m (32 ft) || 1881 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]]
|-
| [[Chamberlin Observatory]] || Colorado, USA || - ||50 cm (20″) || 8.5 m (28 ft)|| 1891 || First Light 1894 || [[File:Chamberlin Observatory Denver, CO.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Van Vleck Observatory]] || Connecticut, USA || - ||50 cm (20″) || 8.4 m (27.5 ft)|| 1922 || || [[File:Vvo.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Chabot Observatory]] || || [[Oakland, California]], USA (2000)|| 50 cm (20″) || 8.5 m (28 ft)|| 1914 || "Rachael" Warner & Swazey Company (Optics John A Brashear Company) Refurb in 2000 and moved to present location. || [[File:Rachel-2-modern.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Carnegie Double Astrograph]]<br> [[Lick Observatory]] || [[Mount Hamilton (California)|Mount Hamilton, California]], [[United States|USA]] || [[not in service]]<br> [[threatened with removal]] || 50 cm (20″) || 4.67 m (14 ft) || 1941 || F7.4 ||
|-
| [[Observatory of Strasbourg|Imperial Observatory]] || Straßburg, [[German Empire]] || [[Strasbourg]], France || 48.5 cm (19.1″) || 7 m (23 ft) || 1880 <ref>http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/scientific-american/Scientific-American-Reference-Book/The-Large-Refractors-Of-The-World.html</ref> || Then largest in German Empire || [[File:Refracting telescope of the Strasbourg observatory.jpg|50px]]
|-
| 18½-in [[Dearborn Observatory]] Refractor || Chicago, USA || Evanston, USA || 47 cm (18.5″) || || 1862 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] || [[File:2007-04-06 3000x2000 evanston nu observatory.jpg|50px]]
|-
|[[Wilder Observatory]] || Amherst College, Amherst, MA, USA || - || 46 cm (18″) || (25 ft) || 1903 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] || [[File:Wilder obsv.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Flower Observatory]] || Philadelphia, USA || - || 46 cm (18″) || 6.7 m (22.6 ft) || 1896
|-
| Royal Observatory || [[Cape Colony]], [[British Empire]] || [[South Africa]] || 46 cm (18″) || 6.7 m (22.6 ft) || 1897 || <ref>Scientific American Reference Book. A Manual for the Office, Household and Shop
Author Albert A. Hopkins, A. Russell Bond
Publisher Munn & Company
Year 1905
Copyright 1904, Munn & Company</ref>
|-
| Gran Ecuatorial Gautier Telescope <br> [[La Plata Astronomical Observatory]] || [[La Plata]], [[Argentina]] || - || 43.3 cm (17″) || 9,7 m || 1894 || Gautier || [[File:Telescopio refractor Gran Ecuatorial Gautier en La Plata.jpg|50px]] <!-- thumb|Telescopio refractor Gran Ecuatorial Gautier en La Plata]] -->
|-
| Herget Telescope <br> [[Cincinnati Observatory]] || [[Cincinnati]], [[Ohio]] || - || 40.64 cm (16″) || || 1904 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] || [[File:Cincinnati Observatory.JPG|50px]]
|-
| Dorides Refractor <ref>http://www.hasi.gr/instruments/ast72</ref> <br> National Observatory of Athens || Athens, Greece || Athens, Greece || 40 cm (16″) || 5,08 m || 1901 || by Gautier <ref>http://www.hasi.gr/makers/gautier-paul-ferdinand</ref>
|-
| [[Washburn Observatory]] || [[Madison, Wisconsin]], USA || - || 39.5 cm (15.56″) || 6.7 m (22.6 ft) || 1881 || by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]]
|-
| Harvard Great Refractor <br> [[Harvard College Observatory]] <ref>http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/hco/grref.html</ref> || [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], USA || - || 38 cm (15″) || || 1847 || largest telescope in America for 20 years <ref>http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/resources/explorations//groundup/lesson/scopes/harvard/index.php</ref> || [[File:Great Refractor.jpg|50px]]
|-
| Gran Ecuatorial [[Observatorio Astronómico Nacional]] || [[Tacubaya, México]] || - || 38 cm (15") || 4.8 m || 1885 || by Howard Grubb ||
|-
| Lunette Arago<br> [[Paris Observatory]] || [[Paris, France]] || - || 38 cm (15") || 9 m || 1883 || by Gautier and Henry brothers || [[File:Paris-observatoirelunettebrünner.jpg|50px]]
|-
| Telescopio Amici<br> [[Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri]] || [[Florence, Italy]] || - || 36 cm || 5 m || 1872 || 28 cm lens by G. B. Amici substituted by Zeiss lens in 1926. Currently used only for educational purposes. ||
|-
| Photographic Refractor<br> [[Leiden Observatory]] || [[Leiden]], [[Netherlands]] || - || 34 cm + 15 cm (13.4″ + 5.9") || 524 cm || 1897 || Double telescope <br>by Gautier and Henry brothers ||
|-
| Dominion Observatory Refractor<br> [[Dominion Observatory]] || [[Ottawa]], [[Canada]] || Moved to Helen Sawyer-Hogg Observatory (Canada Science and Technology Museum, Ottawa) in 1974 <ref>http://www.sciencetech.technomuses.ca/english/whatson/hogg_observatory.cfm</ref> || 38.1 cm (15″) || 571.5 cm || 1905 || Original achromat doublet by John Brashear replaced with apochomat triplet by Perkin-Elmer in 1958. Currently used for education and outreach. ||
|-
| Fitz-Clark Refractor <br> [[Allegheny Observatory]], [[University of Pittsburgh]] || [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], [[United States|USA]] || - ||32.02 cm (13") || 4.62 || 1861 || Fitz made, visual/photographic. In 1895 Established that Saturn's Rings to be made up of particles and not solid.<ref name="flamsteed.info"/> || [[File:Allegheny Observatory 2007a.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Bamberg Refractor <br> [[Urania Sternwarte (Berlin)|Urania Observatory]] (Berlin) || Berlin-[[Moabit]], [[Prussia]] || Berlin, Germany || 31.4 cm (12.36")|| 5 m || 1889 || then biggest in Prussia, moved to Insulaner [[Wilhelm-Foerster Observatory]] in 1963 <ref>http://www.wfs.be.schule.de/pages/hist/Bamberge.html</ref>
|-
|Grubb refractor,
[http://www.keele.ac.uk/observatory Keele Observatory]
|Oxford, England
|Keele University, England (since 1962),
in use for the public
|31.0 cm
(12.25")
|4.39 m
|1874
|Still awaiting the reunion with its 19th century camera used in the Carte du Ciel project and to prove Einstein's general relativity theory during the 1919 solar eclipse.
|[[File:KeeleOxford.jpg|left|thumb|91x91px]]
|-
| [[Ladd Observatory]],<br>[[Brown University]] || [[Providence, Rhode Island]], [[United States|USA]] || Still in use for instruction and public education || 30 cm (12″) {{convert|12.0|in|sing=on}} || 4.57 m (15 ft) || 1891 || Lens designed by [[Charles S. Hastings]] and made by [[John Brashear]]; telescope mount by [[George N. Saegmuller]] || [[File:BrownUniversity-LaddObservatory.jpg|65px]]
|-
| Irving Porter Church Memorial Telescope <br> [[Fuertes Observatory]] || [[Ithaca, New York]] || Still used for instruction and public outreach. || 30 cm (12″) || - || 1922 || Optics by [[John Brashear]], mounting by [[Warner & Swasey]]. || [[File:Irving Porter Church Telescope.jpg|70px]]
|-
| [[Silesian Planetarium|Silesian Planetarium and Astronomical Observatory]] || [[Katowice]]/[[Chorzów]], [[Silesia]], [[Poland]] || || 30 cm (12")<ref>http://www.planetarium.edu.pl/oferta.htm</ref>|| 4.5 m || 1955 || Largest and oldest Planetarium and Astronomical Observatory in Poland.<ref>http://www.planetarium.chorzow.net.pl/onas_eng.htm</ref> The 3rd largest in [[Eastern Europe]] (east of Germany), after [[Pulkovo Observatory]] in Saint Petersburg, Russia and [[Belgrade Observatory]] in Belgrade, Serbia|| [[File:Planetarium WPKiW.jpg|65px]]
|-
| [[Urania Sternwarte]] (Zurich) || [[Zurich, Switzerland]] || - || 30 cm (12″) || 5.05 m || 1907 || by Fraunhofer and Zeiss || [[File:Zürich - Lindenhof - Urania-Sternwarte - Kuppel IMG 1911.JPG|50px]]
|-
| [[University of Illinois Observatory]] || [[Urbana, Illinois]], USA || - || 30 cm (12″) || || 1896 || by [[John Brashear]], National Historic Landmark, still used for instruction || [[File:Champaign-Urbana area IMG 1138.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Jewett Observatory]] || [[Pullman, Washington]], USA || Used for instruction and pleasure || 30 cm (12") || 4.57 m (15') || Assembled from older parts 1953 <ref>http://astro.wsu.edu/observatory.html</ref> || [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] || [[File:01-04-15.jpg|50px]]
|-
| Mitchell Telescope <br> [[Cincinnati Observatory]] || [[Cincinnati]], [[Ohio]], USA || - || 28 cm (11″) || || 1843 || Merz & Mahler; Oldest professional telescope still used weekly by the public<ref>http://www.cincinnatiobservatory.org/history.html</ref> || [[File:Refractor Cincinnati observatory.jpg|50px]]
|-
| Brashear Refractor <br> [[Nicholas E. Wagman]] Observatory || [[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]], USA || - || 28 cm (11″) || || 1910 || [[John Brashear]], [[Amateur Astronomers Association of Pittsburgh]] <ref>http://3ap.org/></ref> ll
|-
| Repsold Refractor (10-duims)<br> [[Leiden Observatory]] || [[Leiden]], [[Netherlands]] || - || 26.6 cm (10.5″) || 399,5 cm || 1885 || Repsold and Sons, optics by [[Alvan Clark & Sons]] ||
|-
| [[Mills Observatory]] || || [[Dundee]], [[Scotland]] (1951) || 25 cm (10″) || || 1871 || by [[T. Cooke & Sons]]. Training telescope at [[University of St Andrews|St. Andrews]] 1938-1951 || [[File:The 10-inch Cooke Refractormills.jpg|50px]]
|-
| [[Coats Observatory]] || || [[Paisley]], [[Scotland]] (1898) || 25 cm (10″) || || 1898 || by [[Howard Grubb]]. Replaced 5" refractor by [[Thomas Cooke]], installed in 1883.]]. || [[File:Grubb-Telescope.jpg|60px]]
|-
|[[Quito Astronomical Observatory]] || [[Quito]] || [[La Alameda Park, Quito|La Alameda park]] ||24 cm || || |1875 || An operational 1875 [[Merz Telescopes]] and one of the Oldest Observatories in South America, founded in 1873. || [[File:Antique Telescope at the Quito Astronomical Observatory 002.JPG|50px]]
|-
| Fraunhofer-Refraktor <br> [[Berlin Observatory]] || Berlin-Kreuzberg, [[Deutsches Kaiserreich]] || Moved 1913 to Munich, Germany || 24 cm (9.6″) || 4 m (13.4′) || 1835 || Used to discover [[Neptune]]; in [[Deutsches Museum]], [[München]] since 1913<ref>http://bdaugherty.tripod.com/astronomy/berlin.html#GALLE</ref> || [[File:Sternwarte Berlin Schinkel.jpg|60px]]
|-
| Hume Cronyn Memorial Observatory <br> Named in memory of [[Hume Blake Cronyn]] || [[University of Western Ontario]] <br> London, Ontario, Canada || - || 25.4 cm (10″) || 4.37 m (172") || 1940 || Built by Perkin Elmer Corp. <br> Second largest refractor in Canada. Continues as Canada's oldest public astronomy venue. ||
|-
| Great Dorpat Refractor (Fraunhofer) <br> [[Tartu Observatory|Dorpat/Tartu Observatory]] || Dorpat, [[Governorate of Livonia]] || [[Tartu]], [[Estonia]] || 24 cm (9.6″) || 4 m (13.4′) || 1824 || "..the first modern, achromatic, refracting telescope." <ref>{{cite journal | bibcode = 1967AmJPh..35..344W | title=Fraunhofer and the Great Dorpat Refractor | journal=American Journal of Physics | volume=35 | page=344 | year=1967 | authors=Waaland, J. Robert | doi=10.1119/1.1974076}}</ref><ref>http://www.obs.ee/obs/instrumendid/fr.htm</ref> || [[File:Tartu tähetorn 2006.jpg|60px]]
|-
|}
== See also ==
* [[List of largest optical reflecting telescopes]]
* [[List of largest optical telescopes in the 20th century]]
* [[List of largest optical telescopes in the 19th century]]
* [[List of largest optical telescopes in the 18th century]]
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
==Further reading==
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=0IUTwSFOtY4C&pg=PA357&dq=Meudon+33&hl=en&ei=kMB-TM6pCoH98Aal1ZngAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CC8Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Meudon%2033&f=false "The illustrated encyclopedia of the universe" By Ian Ridpath (Google Books)]
*[http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1914Obs....37..245H List of largest refracting telescopes circa 1914] [http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/full/gif/1914Obs....37..245H/0000248.000.html List]
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Largest Optical Refracting Telescopes}}
[[Category:Lists of telescopes|Refracting telescopes]]
[[Category:Lists of superlatives]]' |
