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'{{Royal house | surname = Barakzai dynasty | estate = | coat of arms =Coat of arms of Afghanistan.svg | image_size = 150px | country = [[Afghanistan]] | titles = Emir, King | founder = [[Dost Mohammad Khan]] | current head = [[Ahmed Shah Khan]] | founding year = 1826 | nationality = [[Pashtun people|Pashtun]] | cadet branches = }} {{Infobox ethnic group |[[Barakzai]] | group = Bārakzai / BĀRAKZĪ | image = {{image array|perrow=2|width=80|height=100 | image1 = Dost Mohammad Khan of Afghanistan with his son.jpg | caption1 = [[Amir-ul-Momineen]], [[Amir-i-Kabir]] [[Dost Mohammad Khan]], who established the ''Barakzai dynasty'' in 1826 | image2 = Mahmud Tarzi and his wife Asma Rasmiya.jpg | caption2 = [[Mahmud Tarzi]], son of [[Ghulam Muhammad Tarzi]], became the pioneer of [[Media of Afghanistan|Afghan journalism]], he belonged to the [[Tarzi]] royal family | image3 = King Zahir Shah of Afghanistan in 1963.jpg | caption3 = [[Mohammed Zahir Shah]], was the last King (''[[Padishah|Badshah]]'') of [[Afghanistan]], reigning for four decades, from 1933 until he was ousted by a coup in 1973, he belonged to the [[Mohammadzai]] tribe | image4 = Shukria Barakzai in March 2011-cropped.jpg | caption4 = [[Shukria Barakzai]], is an [[House of the People (Afghanistan)|Afghan politician]], journalist and entrepreneur, and a prominent [[Muslim feminism|Muslim feminist]]. She belongs to the [[Barakzai]] tribe }} | poptime = several millions | popplace = [[Afghanistan]], [[Pakistan]]{{Citation needed|date=December 2014}} | langs = [[Pashto language|Pashto]], [[Dari language|Dari]], | rels = Predominantly [[Sunni Islam]] }} {{Use British English|date=May 2012}} The two branches of the '''Barakzai dynasty''' (Translation of Barakzai: sons of [[Barak]])<ref>{{cite book|last1=Martin|first1=Mike|title=An Intimate War: An Oral History of the Helmand Conflict, 1978-2012|date=2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0199387984|page=321|url=https://books.google.com/?id=OENeBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA321&dq=Barak,+Alak+and+Popol#v=onepage&q=Barak%2C%20Alak%20and%20Popol&f=false|accessdate=26 July 2016|quote=In Pushtun folklore, Barak, Alak and Popol were brothers who went their separate ways to found tribes in their own namesake with the addition of the—zai (son of) suffix, for example, Barakzai.}}</ref> ruled modern day [[Afghanistan]] from 1826 to 1973 when the [[monarchy]] ended under [[Musahiban]] [[Mohammad Zahir Shah]]. The Barakzai dynasty was established by [[Dost Mohammad Khan]] after the [[Durrani Empire|Durrani dynasty]] of [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]] was removed from power. During this era, Afghanistan saw much of its territory lost to the [[British Raj|British]] in the south and east, [[Persia]] in the west, and [[Russia]] in the north. There were also many conflicts within Afghanistan, including the three major [[Anglo-Afghan Wars]] and the 1929 civil war. [[File:Flag of the Abdali Afghan Tribes.jpeg|thumb|right|250px|Flag of the Abdali Afghan Tribes. Made from historical texts and references.]] ==History and background== {{Pashtuns}} {{History of Afghanistan}} The Barakzai dynasty was the line of rulers in Afghanistan in the 19th and 20th centuries. Following the fall of the [[Durrani Empire]] in 1826, chaos reigned in the domains of [[Ahmed Shah Durrani]]'s [[Durrani Empire|Afghan Empire]] as various sons of [[Timur Shah Durrani|Timur Shah]] struggled for supremacy. The Afghan Empire ceased to exist as a single [[nation state]], disintegrating for a brief time into a fragmented collection of small units. [[Dost Mohammad Khan]] gained preeminence in 1826 and founded the Barakzai dynasty in about 1837. Thereafter, his descendants ruled in direct succession until 1929, when King [[Amanullah Khan]] abdicated and his cousin [[Mohammed Nadir Shah]] was elected king. The most prominent & powerful sub-clan of the Barakzai Pashtun tribe is the [[Mohamedzai]] clan,{{cn|date=December 2016}} of which the 1826-1973 Afghanistan ruling dynasty comes.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html |title=Afghanistan |accessdate=2010-08-25 |work=[[CIA]] |publisher=[[The World Factbook]] |date=}}</ref> ==Mohammadzai== '''[[Mohammadzai]]''' are the most prominent & powerful sub-tribe of Barakzai,{{cn|date=December 2016}} they belong to the branch of the [[Durrani]] confederacy, and are primarily centered around [[Kandahar]]. They can also be found in other provinces throughout Afghanistan as well across the border in the Pakistan's Balochistan Province. '''[[Musahiban]]''' are the descendants of Sultan Muhammed Khan, ruler of [[Peshawar]], brother of [[Dost Muhammad Khan]]. [[Mohammadzai]] Barakzai are closely related to [[Amanullah Khan]]. The family of Nadir and Zahir Shah. '''Payendah Khel''' are descendants of Payendah Khan, head of the Mohammadzai branch of the Barakzai tribe during the reigns of Timur and Zaman Shah, who became rulers with the decline of the [[Sadozai (Pashtun tribe)|Sadozai dynasty]]. [[File:PedigreeOfDostMohammed.png|thumb|Predigree of King [[Dost Mohammad Khan]] of Afghanistan. Figure shows the branching of the Abdal dynasty into the Popal (founder of the [[Popalzai]]; in figure spelled 'Fofal'), Barak (founder of the [[Barakzai]]), and Alako (founder of the [[Alakozai]]) line (the fourth branch [[Achakzai]] is missing).]] [[File:Barakzairulersofafghanistan.gif|thumb|Genealogy of the [[Barakzai]] rulers of [[Afghanistan]] from the Barakzai dynasty]] ===List of Barakzai rulers=== *[[Dost Mohammad Khan]] (1826 — August 1839) *Sardar Rahmdil Khan - Ruler of Kandahar & Baluchistan *Sardar Payinda Khan - Ruler of Kandahar & Baluchistan *[[Wazir Akbar Khan|Akbar Khan]] (December 1842 — 1845) *Dost Mohammad Khan (1845 — June 9, 1863) *[[Sher Ali Khan]] (June 12, 1863 — May 5, 1866 *[[Mohammad Afzal Khan]] (May 5, 1866 — October 7, 1867) *[[Mohammad Azam Khan]] (October 7, 1867 - February 21, 1868) *[[Sher Ali Khan]] (February 21, 1868 — February 21, 1879) *[[Mohammad Yaqub Khan]] (February 21, 1879 — October 28, 1879) *[[Abdur Rahman Khan]] (August 11, 1880 — October 3, 1901) *[[Habibullah Khan]] (October 3, 1901 — February 20, 1919) *[[Amanullah Khan]] (February 28, 1919 — January 14, 1929) *Sardar [[Ghulam Muhammad Tarzi]] - Poet, Ruler of Kandahar & Baluchistan. *[[Inayatullah Khan]] (January 14, 1929 — January 17, 1929) *[[Mohammed Nadir Shah]] (October 17, 1929 — November 8, 1933) *[[Mohammed Zahir Shah]] (November 8, 1933 — July 17, 1973) *[[Ahmad Shah Khan, Crown Prince of Afghanistan|Ahmad Shah Khan]] (July 23, 2007 — Present) ===Heads of the House of Barakzai since 1973=== *[[King]] [[Mohammed Zahir Shah]] (July 17, 1973 — July 23, 2007) *[[Crown Prince]] [[Ahmad Shah, Crown Prince of Afghanistan|Ahmad Shah Khan]] (July 23, 2007 — Present) ==Nawabs of Kurwai and Basoda== ''Barakzai Feroze Khel'' *Muhammad Dalayer Khan (founder — 1730) ===Kurwai=== *Muhammad Izzat Khan *Hurmat Khan *Muhammad Akbar Khan *Muhammad Muzaffar Khan *Muhammad Najaf Khan *Munawar Ali Khan *Sarwar Ali Khan *Shahed Ali Khan *Zafar Ali Khan *Niaz Ali Khan Bahadur ===Basoda=== *Ahsanullah Khan d.1786 *Bakaullah Khan *Asad Ali Khan *Omar alikhan *Haider Ali Khan (became Nawab in 1897) * Ayub alikhan * Masood alikhan ( last Nawab in 1947) * ANWAR ALI KHAN *SIDDIQ ALI KHAN ==Languages== The principal language of Barakzai is [[Pashto language|Pashto]]. Formerly, [[Dari language|Dari Persian]] was used as the language for records and correspondence; until the late nineteenth century tombstones were also inscribed in [[Persian language|Dari]]. The language of the Barakzai tribes in [[Pishin, Pakistan|Pishin]], [[Quetta]], [[Gulistan, Balochistan|Gulistan]] and Dukki (Distt. Loralai) is just like the language spoken in [[Kandahar]]. Those who have settled away from Pishin speak local languages (Pushto), such as [[Multani language|Multani]] or [[Saraiki language|Saraiki]] in [[Multan]], [[Hindko]] in [[Hazara people|Hazara]], [[Urdu]] in [[Bhopal]] and [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] in [[Sindh]]. Barakzai, a dialect of [[Pashto language|Pashto]], is the language spoken by [[Harnai]] Barakzai.<ref>Pakistan and the emergence of Islamic militancy in Afghanistan By Rizwan Hussain Page 16</ref><ref>page 64 India and Central Asia By J. N. Roy, J.N. Roy And B.B. Kumar, Astha Bharati (Organization)</ref><ref name="Indian Pathans" /> == See also == *[[Barakzai]] *[[Mohammadzai]] *[[Theory of Pashtun descent from Israelites]] *[[Pashtunistan]] *[[Pakthas]] *[[European influence in Afghanistan]] *[[Anglo-Afghan War]] *[[Loya jirga]] — "grand jirga", a large congress called to discuss a particularly important event *[[Meshrano Jirga]] &mdash; "elders' jirga", the [[upper house]] of the Afghan legislature ==References== {{reflist|30em|refs= <!--ref name="Iranica">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Balland |first=D. |encyclopedia= [[Encyclopædia Iranica]]|title= BĀRAKZĪ|url= http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/unicode/v3f7/v3f7a059.html|edition= Online Edition|publisher= [[Columbia University]]|location= United States}}</ref--> <ref name="Indian Pathans">[http://www.khyber.org/articles/2007/StudyofthePathanCommunitiesinF.shtml Study of the Pathan Communities in Four States of India] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514122925/http://www.khyber.org/articles/2007/StudyofthePathanCommunitiesinF.shtml |date=May 14, 2008 }}, ''Khyber.org'' (retrieved 30 January 2008)</ref> }} ==External links== *[http://www.khyber.org/pashtotribes/b/barakzai.shtml Khyber.org: Encyclopaedia Iranica − Barakzai Dynasty] {{Monarchs of Afghanistan}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Barakzai Dynasty}} [[Category:Barakzai dynasty| 01]] [[Category:Former monarchies of Asia]] [[Category:Modern Afghanistan]] [[Category:Pashtun dynasties]] [[Category:Sunni Muslim dynasties]] [[Category:Heads of state of Afghanistan]] [[Category:Emirs of Afghanistan|.]] [[Category:Emirate of Afghanistan]] [[Category:Kings of Afghanistan|.]] [[Category:Kingdom of Afghanistan]] [[Category:Afghan culture]] [[Category:Pashtun culture]] [[Category:Durrani Pashtun tribes]] [[Category:Sarbani Pashtun tribes]] [[Category:Groups claiming Israelite descent]] [[Category:Judaism-related controversies]] [[Category:Surnames]] [[Category:19th-century Afghan politicians|.]] [[Category:20th-century Afghan politicians|.]] [[Category:1826 establishments in Afghanistan]] [[Category:1973 disestablishments in Afghanistan]]'